Intersil AD590 2-wire, current output temperature transducer Datasheet

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AD590
TM
2-Wire, Current Output
Temperature Transducer
January 2002
Features
Description
• Linear Current Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1µA/oK
The AD590 is an integrated-circuit temperature transducer
which produces an output current proportional to absolute temperature. The device acts as a high impedance constant current regulator, passing 1µA/oK for supply voltages between
+4V and +30V. Laser trimming of the chip's thin film resistors is
used to calibrate the device to 298.2µA output at 298.2oK
(25oC).
• Wide Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . -55oC to 150oC
• Two-Terminal Device Voltage In/Current Out
• Wide Power Supply Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . +4V to +30V
• Sensor Isolation From Case
• Low Cost
Ordering Information
NONLINEARITY TEMP. RANGE
PART
(oC)
NUMBER
(oC)
AD590JH
±1.5
-55× to 150×
PACKAGE
3 Ld Metal Can
(TO-52)
PKG.
NO.
T3.A
The AD590 should be used in any temperature-sensing
application between -55oC to 150oC in which conventional
electrical temperature sensors are currently employed. The
inherent low cost of a monolithic integrated circuit combined
with the elimination of support circuitry makes the AD590 an
attractive alternative for many temperature measurement situations. Linearization circuitry, precision voltage amplifiers,
resistance measuring circuitry and cold junction compensation are not needed in applying the AD590. In the simplest
application, a resistor, a power source and any voltmeter
can be used to measure temperature.
In addition to temperature measurement, applications include
temperature compensation or correction of discrete
components, and biasing proportional to absolute temperature.
The AD590 is particularly useful in remote sensing applications. The device is insensitive to voltage drops over long
lines due to its high-impedance current output. Any well
insulated twisted pair is sufficient for operation hundreds of
feet from the receiving circuitry. The output characteristics
also make the AD590 easy to multiplex: the current can be
switched by a CMOS multiplexer or the supply voltage can
be switched by a logic gate output.
Pinout
Functional Diagram
+
AD590
(METAL CAN)
R1 260Ω
+
Q1
1
3
Q5
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q6
CASE
Q7
-
R2 1040Ω
Q12
Q8
C1 26pF
2
CHIP
SUBSTRATE
R3 5kΩ
R4 11kΩ
Q10
Q9
8
1
R6 820Ω
Q11
1
R5 146Ω
-
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 321-724-7143 | Intersil and Design is a trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright © Intersil Americas Inc. 2001, All Rights Reserved
1
File Number
3171.3
AD590
Absolute Maximum Ratings TA = 25oC
Thermal Information
Supply Forward Voltage (V+ to V-). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +44V
Supply Reverse Voltage (V+ to V-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-20V
Breakdown Voltage (Case to V+ to V-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±200V
Rated Performance Temperature Range TO-52 . -55×oC to 150×oC
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1)
θJA ( oC/W) θJC (oC/W)
Metal Can Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
200
120
Maximum Junction Temperature (Metal Can Package) . . . . . . . 175oC
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . -65oC to 150oC
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s). . . . . . . . . . . . . 300oC
Operating Conditions
Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55oC to 150oC
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation
of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
NOTE:
1. θJA is measured with the component mounted on an evaluation PC board in free air.
Electrical Specifications
Typical Values at TA = 25οC, V+ = 5V, Unless Otherwise Specified
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
Nominal Output Current at 25oC (298.2oK)
Nominal Temperature Coefficient
Calibration Error at 25oC
Notes 1, 5
Absolute Error
-55×oC to 150×oC, Note 7
Without External Calibration Adjustment
With External Calibration Adjustment
AD590I
AD590J
UNITS
298.2
298.2
µA
1.0
1.0
µA/oK
±10.0 Max
±5.0 Max
oC
±20.0 Max
±10.0 Max
oC
±5.8 Max
±3.0 Max
oC
Non-Linearity
Note 6
±3.0 Max
±1.5 Max
oC
Repeatability
Notes 2, 6
±0.1 Max
±0.1 Max
oC
Long Term Drift
Notes 3, 6
±0.1 Max
±0.1 Max
oC/Month
40
40
pA/√Hz
+4V < V+ < +5V
0.5
0.5
µA/V
+5V < V+ < +15V
0.2
0.2
µA/V
+15V < V+ < +30V
0.1
0.1
µA/V
Case Isolation to Either Lead
1010
1010
Ω
Effective Shunt Capacitance
100
100
pF
Current Noise
Power Supply Rejection
Electrical Turn-On Time
Note 1
20
20
µs
Reverse Bias Leakage Current
Note 4
10
10
pA
+4 to +30
+4 to +30
V
Power Supply Range
NOTES:
2. Does not include self heating effects.
3. Maximum deviation between 25oC reading after temperature cycling between -55oC and 150oC.
4. Conditions constant +5V, constant 125oC.
5. Leakage current doubles every 10oC.
6. Mechanical strain on package may disturb calibration of device.
7. Guaranteed but not tested.
8. -55oC Guaranteed by testing at 25oC and 150oC.
2
AD590
Trimming Out Errors
+10V
The ideal graph of current versus temperature for the AD590
is a straight line, but as Figure 1 shows, the actual shape is
slightly different. Since the sensor is limited to the range of
-55oC to 150oC, it is possible to optimize the accuracy by
trimming. Trimming also permits extracting maximum
performance from the lower-cost sensors.
35.7kΩ
97.6kΩ R2 5kΩ
R1 2kΩ
+
VOUT = 100mV/ oC
AD590
-
The circuit of Figure 2 trims the slope of the AD590 output.
The effect of this is shown in Figure 3.
V-
The circuit of Figure 4 trims both the slope and the offset.
This is shown in Figure 5. The diagrams are exaggerated to
show effects, but it should be clear that these trims can be
used to minimize errors over the whole range, or over any
selected part of the range. In fact, it is possible to adjust the
I-grade device to give less than 0.1oC error over the range
0oC to 90oC and less than 0.05oC error from 25oC to 60oC.
R 1 = OFFSET
R 2 = SLOPE
FIGURE 4. SLOPE AND OFFSET TRIMMING
IDEAL
I (µA)
ACTUAL
(GREATLY
EXAGGERATED)
FIGURE 5A. UNTRIMMED
T (oK)
FIGURE 1. TRIMMING OUT ERRORS
+5V
+
+
AD590
+
R 100Ω
950Ω
VOUT = 1mV/ oK
R = SLOPE
FIGURE 5B. TRIM ONE: OFFSET
FIGURE 2. SLOPE TRIMMING
IDEAL
ACTUAL
I (µA)
TRIMMED
FIGURE 5C. TRIM TWO: SLOPE
T (oK)
FIGURE 3. EFFECT OF SLOPE TRIM
3
AD590
Accuracy
Maximum errors over limited temperature spans, with
VS = +5V, are listed by device grade in the following tables.
The tables reflect the worst-case linearities, which invariably
occur at the extremities of the specified temperature range.
The trimming conditions for the data in the tables are shown
in Figure 2 and Figure 4.
All errors listed in the tables are ±oC. For example, if ±1oC
maximum error is required over the 25oC to 75oC range (i.e.,
lowest temperature of 25oC and span of 50oC), then the
trimming of a J-grade device, using the single-trim circuit
(Figure 2), will result in output having the required accuracy
over the stated range. An I-grade device with two trims
(Figure 4) will have less than ±0.2oC error. If the requirement
is for less than ±1.4oC maximum error, from -25oC to 75oC
(100oC span from -25oC), it can be satisfied by an I-grade
device with two trims.
FIGURE 5D. TRIM THREE: OFFSET AGAIN
FIGURE 5. EFFECT OF SLOPE AND OFFSET TRIMMING
I Grade Maximum Errors (oC)
LOWEST TEMPERATURE IN SPAN (×oC)
NUMBER OF
TRIMS
TEMPERATURE
SPAN (oC)
-55
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
None
10
8.4
9.2
10.0
10.8
11.6
12.4
13.2
14.4
None
25
10.0
10.4
11.0
11.8
12.0
13.8
15.0
16.0
None
50
13.0
13.0
12.8
13.8
14.6
16.4
18.0
-
None
100
15.2
16.0
16.6
17.4
18.8
-
-
-
None
150
18.4
19.0
19.2
-
-
-
-
-
None
205
20.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
One
10
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
One
25
1.8
1.2
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.6
1.8
One
50
3.8
3.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
3.8
-
One
100
4.8
4.5
4.2
4.2
5.0
-
-
-
One
150
5.5
4.8
5.5
-
-
-
-
-
One
205
5.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Two
10
0.3
0.2
0.1
(Note 9)
(Note 9)
0.1
0.2
0.3
Two
25
0.5
0.3
0.2
(Note 9)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.5
Two
50
1.2
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.7
-
Two
100
1.8
1.4
1.0
2.0
2.5
-
-
-
Two
150
2.6
2.0
2.8
-
-
-
-
-
Two
205
3.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
NOTE:
9. Less than ±0.05oC.
4
AD590
J Grade Maximum Errors (oC)
NUMBER OF
TRIMS
LOWEST TEMPERATURE IN SPAN (×oC)
TEMPERATURE
SPAN (oC)
-55
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
None
10
4.2
4.6
5.0
5.4
5.8
6.2
6.6
7.2
None
25
5.0
5.2
5.5
5.9
6.0
6.9
7.5
8.0
None
50
6.5
6.5
6.4
6.9
7.3
8.2
9.0
-
None
100
7.7
8.0
8.3
8.7
9.4
-
-
-
None
150
9.2
9.5
9.6
-
-
-
-
-
None
205
10.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
One
10
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
One
25
0.9
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.9
One
50
1.9
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.9
-
One
100
2.3
2.2
2.0
2.0
2.3
-
-
-
One
150
2.5
2.4
2.5
-
-
-
-
-
One
205
3.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Two
10
0.1
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
0.1
Two
25
0.2
0.1
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
0.1
0.2
Two
50
0.4
0.2
0.1
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
0.1
0.2
(Note 10)
Two
100
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.7
1.0
-
-
-
Two
150
1.0
0.7
1.2
-
-
-
-
-
Two
205
1.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
NOTE:
10. Less than ±0.05oC.
device.
NOTES
Repeatability Errors arise from a strain hysteresis of the
package. The magnitude of this error is solely a function of
the magnitude of the temperature span over which the
device is used. For example, thermal shocks between 0oC
and 100oC involve extremely low hysteresis and result in
repeatability errors of less than ±0.05oC. When the thermalshock excursion is widened to -55oC to 150oC, the device
will typIcally exhibit a repeatability error of ±0.05oC (±0.10
guaranteed maximum).
1. Maximum errors over all ranges are guaranteed based on
the known behavior characteristic of the AD590.
2. For one-trim accuracy specifications, the 205oC span is
assumed to be trimmed at 25oC; for all other spans, it is
assumed that the device is trimmed at the midpoint.
3. For the 205oC span, it is assumed that the two-trim
temperatures are in the vicinity of 0oC and 140oC; for all
other spans, the specified trims are at the endpoints.
4. In precision applications, the actual errors encountered
are usually dependent upon sources of error which are
often overlooked in error budgets. These typically
include:
Long Term Drift Errors are related to the average operating temperature and the magnitude of the thermal-shocks
experienced by the device. Extended use of the AD590 at
temperatures above 100oC typically results in long-term drift
of ±0.03oC per month; the guaranteed maximum is ±0.10oC
per month. Continuous operation at temperatures below
100oC induces no measurable drifts in the device. Besides
the effects of operating temperature, the severity of thermal
shocks incurred will also affect absolute stability. For
thermal-shock excursions less than 100oC, the drift is difficult to measure (<0.03oC). However, for 200oC excursions,
the device may drift by as much as ±0.10oC after twenty
such shocks. If severe, quick shocks are necessary in the
application of the device, realistic simulated life tests are recommended for a thorough evaluation of the error introduced
a. Trim error in the calibration technique used
b. Repeatability error
c. Long term drift errors
Trim Error is usually the largest error source. This error
arises from such causes as poor thermal coupling between
the device to be calibrated and the reference sensor; reference sensor errors; lack of adequate time for the device
being calibrated to settle to the final temperature; radically
different thermal resistances between the case and the surroundings (RθCA) when trimming and when applying the
5
AD590
by such shocks.
Typical Applications
+15V
+
+5V
-
+
-
+
AD590 (AS MANY AS DESIRED)
AD590
-
VOUT = 1mV/ oK
+
1kΩ
VOUT (MIN)
10kΩ
0.1%
FIGURE 6A.
OUTPUT CURRENT (µA)
FIGURE 7. LOWEST TEMPERATURE SENSING SCHEME.
AVAILABLE CURRENT IS THAT OF THE
“COLDEST” SENSOR
+15V
423
+
+
+
298.2
(ADDITIONAL SENSORS)
-
-
-
218
VOUT (AVG) = (R) Σ i
n
218 oK
(-55o C)
298.2 oK
(25 oC)
423 oK
(150 oC)
333.3Ω
0.1%
(FOR 3 SENSORS)
TEMPERATURE
FIGURE 6B.
FIGURE 8. AVERAGE TEMPERATURE SENSING SCHEME
FIGURE 6. SIMPLE CONNECTION. OUTPUT IS PROPORTIONAL
TO ABSOLUTE TEMPERATURE
The sum of the AD590 currents appears across R, which is
chosen by the formula: R = 10kΩ
--------------- ,
n
where n = the number of sensors. See Figure 8.
HEATER
ELEMENT
+15V
+
RB
AD590
LM311
3
R1
7
2
4
R
0.1%
C
1
R2
ICL8069
1.23V R
VZERO
3
FIGURE 9. SINGLE SETPOINT TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER
6
AD590
199.9oF (93.3oC) limited by the number of display digits.
See Figure 11 and notes below.
The AD590 produces a temperature-dependent voltage
across R (C is for filtering noise). Setting R 2 produces a
scale-zero voltage. For the celsius scale, make R = 1kΩ
and V ZERO = 0.273V. For Fahrenheit, R = 1.8kΩ and
VZERO = 0.460V. See Figure 9.
V+
7.5kΩ
500µA
-
+
M
5kΩ
2.26kΩ
SCALE
ADJ
REF LO
ICL7106
15kΩ
4V < VBATT
<30V +
+
REF HI
IN HI
AD590
-
-
COMMON
1.00kΩ
IN LO
+
AD590
FIGURE 10. SIMPLEST THERMOMETER
V-
Meter displays current output directly in degrees Kelvin.
using the AD590J, sensor output is within ±10 degrees over
the entire range. See Figure 10.
FIGURE 12. BASIC DIGITAL THERMOMETER, KELVIN SCALE
The Kelvin scale version reads from 0 to 1999oK
theoretically, and from 223 oK to 473oK actually. The 2.26kΩ
resistor brings the input within the ICL7106 VCM range: 2
general-purpose silicon diodes or an LED may be substituted. See Figure 12 and notes below.
V+
R1
REF HI
R2
REF LO
R3
R
ICL8069
1.235V
ICL7106
V+
7.5kΩ
R4
12kΩ
IN HI
ZERO
ADJ 5kΩ
1.000V
R5
COMMON
REF LO
5kΩ
15kΩ
IN LO
+
SCALE
ADJ
REF HI
402Ω
ICL7106
26.1kΩ
IN HI
AD590
1kΩ
0.1%
V-
COMMON
FIGURE 11. BASIC DIGITAL THERMOMETER, CELSIUS AND
FAHRENHEIT SCALES
IN LO
+
R
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
oF
9.00
4.02
2.0
12.4
10.0
0
oC
5.00
4.02
2.0
5.11
5.0
11.8
AD590
V-
FIGURE 13. BASIC DIGITAL THERMOMETER, KELVIN SCALE
WITH ZERO ADJUST
5
∑R
n = 28kΩ nominal
This circuit allows “zero adjustment” as well as slope
adjustment. the ICL8069 brings the input within the common-mode range, while the 5kΩ pots trim any offset at
218oK (-55oC), and set the scale factor. See Figure 13 and
notes below.
n=1
ALL values are in kΩ.
The ICL7106 has a VIN span of ±2.0V and a V CM range of
(V+ -0.5V) to (V- +1V). R is scaled to bring each range within
VCM while not exceeding V IN . VREF for both scales is
500mV maximum rending on the celsius range 199.9oC
limited by the (short-term) maximum allowable sensor temperature. Maximum reading on the fahrenheit range is
Notes for Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13
Since all 3 scales have narrow VlN spans, some optimization
of ICL7106 components can be made to lower noise and
7
AD590
The ultra-low bias current of the ICL7611 allows the use of
large value gain resistors, keeping meter current error under
1/ %, and therefore saving the expense of an extra meter
2
driving amplifier. See Figure 14.
preserve CMR. The table below shows the suggested values. Similar scaling can be used with the ICL7126 and
ICL7136.
SCALE
VlN RANGE (V)
RlNT (kΩ)
CAZ (µF)
K
0.223 to 0.473
220
0.47
C
-0.25 to +1.0
220
0.1
F
-0.29 to +0.996
220
0.1
The 50kΩ pot trims offsets in the devices whether internal or
external, so it can be used to set the size of the difference
interval. this also makes it useful for liquid level detection
(where there will be a measurable temperature difference).
See Figure 15.
For all:
CREF = 0.1µF
ClNT = 0.22µF
COSC =100pF
ROSC = 100kΩ
+
NO. 1
V+
-
+
(8V MIN)
V-
+
VOUT = (T2 - T1) x
(10mV/ oC)
NO. 2
+15V
-
1kΩ
ZERO SET
+
10kΩ
741
5MΩ
50kΩ
10kΩ
AD590
44.2kΩ
10mV/ oC
ICL7611
FIGURE 15. DIFFERENTIAL THERMOMETER
+
-
118kΩ
115kΩ
10kΩ
0.1%
100Ω
10kΩ
The reference junction(s) should be in close thermal contact
with the AD590 case. V+ must be at least 4V, while ICL8069
current should be set at 1mA - 2mA. Calibration does not
require shorting or removal of the thermocouple: set R1 for
V2 = 10.98mV. If very precise measurements are needed,
adjust R2 to the exact Seebeck coefficient for the thermocouple used (measured or from table) note V1 , and set R1 to
buck out this voltage (i.e., set V 2 = V1). For other thermocouple types, adjust values to the appropriate Seebeck coefficient. See Figure 16.
20kΩ
FULL-SCALE
ADJUST
2.7315V
M +100µA
-
FIGURE 14. CENTIGRADE THERMOMETER (0oC-100oC)
V+
+
1µA/ oK
-
R2 40.2Ω
-
TC = 40µV/ oK
SEEBECK
COEFFICIENT = 40µV/ oK
TYPE K
+
V1 = 10.98mV
V+
+
VOUT
1.235V
V2 = 10.98mV
R1 4521Ω
40.2Ω
ICL8069
4.7µF
FIGURE 16. COLD JUNCTION COMPENSATION FOR TYPE K THERMOCOUPLE
8
AD590
COLUMN
SELECT
ROW
SELECT
ENABLE +15V
+15V
R
(OPTIONAL)
13
15
16
1
ENABLE
15 16 1
2
8
13
D
GND V- 7
14
3
6
9
HI-0548
8-CHANNEL
MUX
4
3
5
10
11
12
2
7
1
6
2
1
2
0
0
5
4
4
0
5
1
6
2
HI-0548
8-CHANNEL
MUX
7
3
12
4
11
5
10
6
9
VGND
7
D
8
14
R
(OPTIONAL)
10kΩ 0.1%
AD590 (64)
FIGURE 17. MULTIPLEXING SENSORS
If shorted sensors are possible, a series resistor in series
with the D line will limit the current (shown as R, above: only
one is needed). A six-bit digital word will select one of 64
sensors.
9
VOUT
3
AD590
Die Characteristics
DIE DIMENSIONS:
PASSIVATION:
37 mils x 58 mils x 14 mils ±1 mil
Type: PSG/Nitride
PSG Thickness: 7kÅ ±1.4kÅ
Nitride Thickness: 8kÅ ±1.2kÅ
METALLIZATION:
Type: Aluminum 100%
Thickness: 15kÅ ±1kÅ
Metallization Mask Layout
AD590
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Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design and/or specifications at any time without notice.
Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its
use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
Sales Office Headquarters
NORTH AMERICA
Intersil Corporation
7585 Irvine Center Drive
Suite 100
Irvine, CA 92618
TEL: (949) 341-7000
FAX: (949) 341-7123
Intersil Corporation
2401 Palm Bay Rd.
Palm Bay, FL 32905
TEL: (321) 724-7000
FAX: (321) 724-7946
EUROPE
Intersil Europe Sarl
Ave. C - F Ramuz 43
CH-1009 Pully
Switzerland
TEL: +41 21 7293637
FAX: +41 21 7293684
10
ASIA
Intersil Corporation
Unit 1804 18/F Guangdong Water Building
83 Austin Road
TST, Kowloon Hong Kong
TEL: +852 2723 6339
FAX: +852 2730 1433
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