Reference Manual BRD4502A (Rev. B00) The EZR32LG family of Wireless MCUs deliver a high performance, low energy wireless solution integrated into a small form factor package. By combining a high performance sub-GHz RF transceiver with an energy efficient 32-bit MCU, the family provides designers the ultimate in flexibility with a family of pin-compatible devices that scale from 64/128/256 kB of flash and support Silicon Labs EZRadio or EZRadioPRO transceivers. The ultra-low power operating modes and fast wake-up times of the Silicon Labs energy friendly 32-bit MCUs, combined with the low transmit and receive power consumption of the sub-GHz radio, result in a solution optimized for battery powered applications. To develop and/or evaluate the EZR32Leopard Gecko the EZR32LG Radio Board can be connected to the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard to get access to display, buttons and additional features from Expansion Boards. RADIO BOARD FEATURES • Wireless MCU: EZR32LG330F256R60G • CPU core: ARM Cortex-M3 • Flash memory: 256 kB • RAM: 32 kB • Sub-GHz transceiver integrated in the Wireless MCU: EZRadioPRO • Operation frequency: 868 MHz • Transmit power: 13 dBm • Single antenna connector both for transmit and receive • Crystals for LFXO and HFXO: 32.768kHz and 48 MHz. • Crystal for RF: 26 MHz • Backup Power Domain Capacitor • Full speed USB 2.0 (12 Mbps) silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Table of Contents 1. Radio Board Connector Pin Associations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. EZR32LG330 System-on-Chip Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1 EZR32 Wireless MCU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2 EZRadioPRO RF Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.3 Communcation Between the MCU and the Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3. EZR32LG Radio Board block description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.1 USB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.2 RF Crystal Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.3 LF Crystal Oscillator (LFXO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.4 HF Crystal Oscillator (HFXO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.5 Backup Power Domain Capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.6 RF Matching Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.7 SMA connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.8 Radio Board Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . . . 4. RF section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4.1 Matching network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5. Mechanical details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6. RF performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 6.1 Measurement setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 6.2 Conducted Power Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 6.3 Radiated Power Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 . 7. Document Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 8. Errata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Table of Contents ii BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board Connector Pin Associations 1. Radio Board Connector Pin Associations The board-to-board connector scheme allows access to all EZR32LG GPIO pins as well as the nRESET signal. The figure below shows the pin mapping on the connector to the radio pins, and their function on the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard. For more information on the functions of the available pin functions, we refer you to the EZR32LG330 Datasheeet. Figure 1.1. EZR32LG Radio Board Radio Board Connector pin mapping silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 1 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) EZR32LG330 System-on-Chip Summary 2. EZR32LG330 System-on-Chip Summary The EEZR32LG330 Wireless MCU is a single-chip solution that combines an Leopard Gecko family MCU solution with an integrated EZRadio or EZRadioPRO sub-GHz RF transceiver. These products are designed to address the specific requirements of low-power embedded systems requiring an RF bidirectional communication link. The block diagram of the EZR32LG330 is shown in the figure below. Figure 2.1. EZR32LG330 block diagram For a complete feature set and in-depth information on the modules, the reader is referred to the EZR32LG330 Reference Manual 2.1 EZR32 Wireless MCU The EZR32 Wireless MCU are the world’s most energy friendly Wireless Microcontroller. With a unique combination of the powerful 32bit ARM Cortex-M3, innovative low energy techniques, short wake-up time from energy saving modes, and a wide selection of peripherals, the EZR32 LG is well suited for any battery operated application as well as other systems requiring high performance and lowenergy consumption. 2.2 EZRadioPRO RF Transceiver The EZR32LG family of devices is built using high-performance, low-current EZRadio and EZRadioPRO RF transceivers covering the sub-GHz frequency bands from 142 to 1050 MHz. These devices offer outstanding sensitivity of up to –133 dBm (using EZRadioPRO) while achieving extremely low active and standby current consumption. The EZR32LG devices using the transceiver offer frequency coverage in all major bands and include optimal phase noise, blocking, and selectivity performance for narrow band and licensed band applications, such as FCC Part 90 and 169 MHz wireless Mbus. The 69 dB adjacent channel selectivity with 12.5 kHz channel spacing ensures robust receive operation in harsh RF conditions, which is particularly important for narrow band operation. The active mode TX current consumption of 18 mA at +10 dBm and RX current of 10 mA coupled with extremely low standby current and fast wake times is optimized for extended battery life in the most demanding applications. The EZR32LG devices can achieve up to +27 dBm output power with built-in ramping control of a low-cost external FET. The devices can meet worldwide regulatory standards: FCC, ETSI, and ARIB. All devices are designed to be compliant with 802.15.4g and WMbus smart metering standards. The devices are highly flexible and can be programmed and configured via Simplicity Studio, available at www.silabs.com. For a complete feature set and in-depth information on the modules, the reader is referred to the Data Sheet "Si4463-61-60-C HighPerformance, Low-Current Transceiver". 2.3 Communcation Between the MCU and the Radio Communication between the radio and MCU are done over USART, PRS and IRQ, which requires the pins to be configured in the following way: silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 2 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) EZR32LG330 System-on-Chip Summary Table 2.1. Radio MCU Communication Configuration pin Radio Assignment pin function assignment PE8 SDN GPIO Output PE9 nSEL Bit-Banged SPI.CS (GPIO Output) PE10 SDI US0_TX #0 PE11 SDO US0_RX #0 PE12 SCLK US0_CLK #0 PE13 nIRQ GPIO_EM4WU5 (GPIO Input with IRQ enabled) PE14 GPIO1 PRS Input PA15 GPIO0 PRS Input silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 3 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) EZR32LG Radio Board block description 3. EZR32LG Radio Board block description The block diagram of the EZR32LG Radio Board is shown in the figure below. USB_VBUS (5 V) EZRLG330 USB Micro-B USB_D+/DConnector USB_VBUS USB_VREGI USB Regulator Output (3.3 V) to WSTK Motherboard USB_VREGO Radio Board Connectors Power Supply (3.3 V) from WSTK Motherboard VMCU PA PB PC PD PE PF Power Domain Backup Capacitor MCU I/O Ports VRF LF Crystal (32.768 kHz) MCU HF Crystal (48 MHz) RF Crystal (26 MHz) XIN/XOUT RADIO TX_13 RXN/RXP Direct Tie Matching Network SMA Connector GPIO2/3 Board Identification Figure 3.1. EZR32LG Radio Board block diagram 3.1 USB The EZR32LG Radio Board incorporates a micro USB connector (P/N: ZX62-B-5PA(11)). The 3.3V USB regulator output is are routed back to the WSTK through the Radio Board Connector so the Radio Board can supply power to the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard. For additional information on EZR32LG USB, refer to the EZR32LG330 Data Sheet. 3.2 RF Crystal Oscillator The BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board has a 26 MHz crystal mounted (P/N: NX2016SA 26 MHz EXS00A-CS06236). For more details on crystal or TCXO selection for the RF part of the EZR32 devices refer to "AN785: Crystal Selection Guide for the Si4x6x RF ICs". 3.3 LF Crystal Oscillator (LFXO) The BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board has a 32.768kHz crystal mounted (P/N: MS3V-T1R, 32768Hz, 12.5pF, +/- 20ppm). For safe startup two 22 pF capacitors are also connected to the LFXTAL_N and LFXTAL_H pins. For details regarding the crystal configuration, the reader is referred to Application Note "AN0016: EFM32 Oscillator Design Consideration". 3.4 HF Crystal Oscillator (HFXO) The BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board has a 48 MHz crystal mounted (P/N: ABM11-48.000MHZ-D2X-T3). For safe startup two 10 pF capacitors are also connected to the HFXTAL_N and HFXTAL_H pins. For details regarding the crystal configuration, the reader is referred to Application Note "AN0016: EFM32 Oscillator Design Consideration". 3.5 Backup Power Domain Capacitor The BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board has a 30 mF super capacitor mounted (P/N: PAS311HR-VA6R), connected to the PD8 port of the EZR32LG. For details regarding the Backup Power Domain, the reader is referred to the EZR32LG330 Data Sheet. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 4 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) EZR32LG Radio Board block description 3.6 RF Matching Network The BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board includes a Class E type matching network with Direct Tie TX and RX sides are connected together without an additional RF switch, to be able to use one antenna both for transmitting and receiveing. The component values were optimized for the 868 MHz band RF performace and current consumption with 13 dBm output power. For more details on the matching network used on the BRD4502A (Rev. B00) see Chapter 4.1 Matching network 3.7 SMA connector To be able to perform conducted measurements or mount external antenna for radiated measurements, range tests etc., Silicon Labs added an SMA connector (P/N: 5-1814832-1) to the Radio Board. The connector allows an external 50 Ohm cable or antenna to be connected during design verification or testing. 3.8 Radio Board Connectors Two dual-row, 0.05” pitch polarized connectors (P/N: SFC-120-T2-L-D-A-K-TR) make up the EZR32LG Radio Board interface to the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard. For more information on the pin mapping between the EZR32LG330F256R60G and the Radio Board Connector refer to Chapter 1. Radio Board Connector Pin Associations. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 5 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) RF section 4. RF section The BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board includes a Class E type TX matching network with the targeted output power of 13 dBm at 868 MHz. The main advantage of the Class E matching types is their very high efficiency. They are proposed for applications where the current consumption is most critical, e.g., the typical total EZRadioPRO chip current with Class E type matching is ~17–19 mA at ~10 dBm and ~25 mA at ~13 dBm power levels (using the 13dBm PA output and assuming 3.3 V Vdd). The main disadvantage of the Class E type matches is the high Vdd dependency (the power variation is proportional to the square of the Vdd change: i.e. the decrease in power can be ~6 dB in the 1.8–3.8 V range) and the inaccurate nonlinear power steps. Also their current consumption and the peak voltage on the TX pin are sensitive to the termination impedance variation, and they usually require slightly higher order filtering and thus higher bill of materials cost. The matching network is constructed with a so-called Direct Tie configuration where the TX and RX sides are connected together without an additional RF switch, to be able to use one antenna both for transmitting and receiveing. Careful design procedure was followed to ensure that the RX input circuitry does not load down the TX output path while in TX mode and that the TX output circuitry does not degrade receive performance while in RX mode. For detailed explanation of the Class E type TX matching and the Direct Tie configuration matching procedure the reader is referred to "AN627: Si4060/Si4460/61/67 Low-Power PA Matching". For detailed description of the RX matching the reader is referred to "AN643: Si446x/Si4362 RX LNA Matching". 4.1 Matching network The matching network structure used on the BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board is shown in the figure below. GND U1B EZR32xx 7 9 VDD_RF LNA Balun CR1 LR2 RXP 2 VDD_RF LR1 RXN CR2 3 Antenna Connector VRF 62 61 LC XIN P1 L0 XOUT TX_13 TX_20 8 C0 LM LM2 2 3 CC1 4 1 4 5 5 TXRAMP CM CM3 CM2 TP1 RF_TEST_POINT PA Matching SMA GND GND GND GND GND Filter Figure 4.1. RF section of the schematic of the EZR32 Leopard Gecko Radio Board (BRD4502A (Rev. B00)) The matching network has a so-called Direct Tie configuration where the TX and RX sides are connected together, without an additional RF switch, to be able to use one antenna both for transmitting and receiving. For detailed explanation of the TX matching process, see "AN627: Si4060/Si4460/61/67 Low-Power PA Matching". Due to the Direct Tie configuration of the matching, the RX matching should also taken into account during the TX matching procedure. The above Application Note contains component values and a shorter description for the RX matching as well. For detailed description of the RX matching refer to "AN643: Si446x/Si4362 RX LNA Matching". The component values were optimized for the 868 MHz band RF performace and current consumption with 13 dBm output power. The resulting component values with part numbers are listed in the table below. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 6 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) RF section Table 4.1. Bill of Materials for the BRD4502A (Rev. B00) RF matching network Component name Value Part Number C0 3.6 pF GRM1555C1H3R6C CM 5.1 pF GRM1555C1H5R1C CM2 10 pF GRM1555C1H100J CM3 5.1 pF GRM1555C1H5R1C CR1 3 pF GRM1555C1H3R0C CR2 1 pF GRM1555C1H1R0B CC1 68 pF GRM1555C1H680J L0 19 nH 0402HP-19NXJL LC 120 nH 0402HPH-R12XJL LM 6.8 nH 0402HP-6N8XJL LM2 6.8 nH 0402HP-6N8XJL LR1 20 nH 0402HP-20NXJL LR2 24 nH 0402HP-24NXJL The Application Note "AN627: Si4060/Si4460/61/67 Low-Power PA Matching" contains component values for reference matching networks which were developed for the EZRadioPRO Pico Boards. For the WSTK radio boards some fine-tuning of the component values may be necessary due to different parasitic effects (bonding wire, layout etc.). For optimized RF performance the component values listed in the table above may differ from the ones listed in the referred Application Note. For the reader’s specific application and board layout the adjustment of the final matching values might be necessary. The above component values should be used as starting points and the values modified slightly to zero-in on the best filter response and impedance match to 50 ohm. To minimize the differences due to different layout parasitics Silicon Labs recommends copying the layout of the RF section of the radio board as is. If that is not possible, refer to "AN629: Si4460/61/63/64 RF ICs Layout Design Guide" for layout design recommendations. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 7 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Mechanical details 5. Mechanical details The EZR32 Leopard Gecko Radio Board (BRD4502A (Rev. B00)) is illustrated in the figures below. 0.81 mm 2.7 mm USB Connector 7.5 mm Power Domain Backup Capacitor HFXTAL Frame of the Optional Shielding Can LFXTAL 30 mm 23 mm Board Identification EZR32xx SMA Connector RFXTAL RF Matching and Filtering 43 mm Figure 5.1. BRD4502A (Rev. B00) top view 5 mm 24 mm 28.6 mm 27.3 mm 15 mm Interface Connector Interface Connector Figure 5.2. BRD4502A (Rev. B00) bottom view silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 8 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) RF performance 6. RF performance 6.1 Measurement setup The EZR32 Leopard Gecko Radio Board (BRD4502A (Rev. B00))was attached to a Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard (BRD4001 (Rev. A02)) and its transceiver was operated in continuous carrier transmission mode. The output power of the radio was set to 13 dBm (DDAC = 3Fh). 6.2 Conducted Power Measurements In case of the conducted measurements the output power was measured by connecting the EZR32LG Radio Board directly to a Spectrum Analyzer (P/N: MS2692A) through its on-board SMA connector. At 13 dBm output power and 3.3 V supply voltage the measured typical current consumption of the RF section of the board is 25.7 mA. A typical output spectrum up to 10 GHz is shown in the figure below. Figure 6.1. Typical output spectrum of the BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board; with DDAC=3Fh at Vdd=3.3 V Note: In practice comercially available whip antennas usually have ~0-2 dB gain at the fundamental and < 0 dB gain at the harmonic frequencies so if the conducted levels are compliant with the emission limits with small margin it is likely that the margin on the harmonics radiated by an external whip antenna will be higher. Unfortunately in most cases, the PCB radiation (from traces or and/or components) is stronger so using shielding, applying larger duty cycle correction (if allowed) or reductionof the fundamental power could be necessary. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 9 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) RF performance 6.3 Radiated Power Measurements For radiated measurements an external whip antenna (P/N: ANT-868-CW-HWR-SMA) was used. The power supply for the board were two AA batteries (3 V). The batteries were connected to the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard through its External Power Supply connector with minimal wire length to minimize the wire radiation. The DUT was rotated in 360 degree with horizontal and vertical reference antenna polarizations in the XY, XZ and YZ cuts. The measurement axes are as shown in the figure below. Figure 6.2. DUT: BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Radio Board with Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard The measured radiated powers are shown in the table below. Table 6.1. Results of the radiated power measurements 868 MHz Measured maximums of the radiated power in EIRP [dBm] XY XZ ETSI limit in EIRP [dBm] YZ H V H V H V Fundamental -6.9 +12.1 +9.2 -2.7 +9.0 -3.8 16.1 2nd harmonic -56.9 53.5 -56.4 -56.8 -53.8 -56.8 -27.9 3rd harmonic -* -* -* -* -60.0 -* -27.9 4th harmonic -53.0 -48.7 -48.7 -47.0 -45.7 -53.9 -27.9 5th harmonic -* -* -53.4 -53.8 -51.0 -52.9 -27.9 6th harmonic -52.7 -51.3 -47.0 -50.1 -46.7 -45.6 -27.9 7th harmonic -51.3 -51.9 -44.6 -49.9 -46.3 -43.3 -27.9 8th harmonic -49.1 -47.4 -41.9 -49.3 -45.0 -39.8 -27.9 silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 10 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) RF performance 868 MHz Measured maximums of the radiated power in EIRP [dBm] XY XZ ETSI limit in EIRP [dBm] YZ H V H V H V 9th harmonic -45.4 -40.8 -41.5 -44.4 -39.5 -35.6 -27.9 10th harmonic -* -45.5 -41.7 -* -45.3 -37.8 -27.9 Note: * Signal level is below the Spectrum Analyzer noise floor. One may notice that the radiated harmonic levels are higher compared to the levels expected based on the conducted measurement. Investigations showed that this increase is due to the PCB radiations (components and PCB traces). Note: The radiated measurement results presented in this document were recorded in an unlicensed antenna chamber. Also the radiated power levels may change depending on the actual application (PCB size, used antenna etc.) therefore the absolute levels and margins of the final application is recommended to be verified in a licensed EMC testhouse! silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 11 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Document Revision History 7. Document Revision History Table 7.1. Document Revision History Revision Number Effective Date Change Description 1.10 19.03.2015 Radio Board errata added. 1.00 23.02.2015 Major content update. 0.10 04.02.2015 Initial document version. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 12 BRD4502A (Rev. B00) Errata 8. Errata Table 8.1. BRD4502A Radio Board Errata Radio Board Revision Problem Description B00 USB functionality broken. In this revision USB_VREGI and USB_VREGO pins have been swapped. This means that USB does not work on this revision of the BRD4502A radio board. If you require USB functionality, please contact support for a replacement. Missing MCU peripherals Due to EZR32LG330F256R60G chip errata, UART peripherals are not available. UART functionality on USART peripherals remain unaffected. silabs.com | Smart. Connected. Energy-friendly. Rev. 1.10 | 13 Simpilcity Studio One-click access to MCU tools, documentation, software, source code libraries & more. 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