Ultralow Quiescent Current, 150 mA, CMOS Linear Regulator ADP160/ADP161 TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS ADP160 VIN = 2.3V VIN 2 GND 3 EN VOUT 5 1µF VOUT = 1.8V 1µF NC 4 08628-001 ON OFF NC = NO CONNECT Figure 1. 5-Lead TSOT ADP160 with Fixed Output Voltage, 1.8 V ADP161 VIN = 4.2V 1 VIN 2 GND 3 EN VOUT 5 VOUT = 3.2V 1µF 1µF R1 ON ADJ 4 OFF R2 Figure 2. 5-Lead TSOT ADP161 with Adjustable Output Voltage, 3.2 V ADP160 1µF APPLICATIONS 2 VIN VOUT TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) ON OFF 1 VOUT = 2.8V VIN = 3.3V A Mobile phones Digital cameras and audio devices Portable and battery-powered equipment Post dc-to-dc regulation Portable medical devices 1 08628-002 Ultralow quiescent current IQ = 560 nA with 0 μA load IQ = 860 nA with 1 μA load Stable with 1 μF ceramic input and output capacitors Maximum output current: 150 mA Input voltage range: 2.2 V to 5.5 V Low shutdown current: <50 nA typical Low dropout voltage: 195 mV @ 150 mA load Initial accuracy: ±1% Accuracy over line, load, and temperature: ±3.5% 15 fixed output voltage options: 1.2 V to 4.2 V Adjustable output available PSRR performance of 72 dB @ 100 Hz Current limit and thermal overload protection Logic-control enable Integrated output discharge resistor 5-lead TSOT package 4-ball, 0.5 mm pitch WLCSP B EN GND 1µF 08628-003 FEATURES Figure 3. 4-Ball WLCSP ADP160 with Fixed Output Voltage, 2.8 V GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADP160/ADP161 are ultralow quiescent current, low dropout, linear regulators that operate from 2.2 V to 5.5 V and provide up to 150 mA of output current. The low 195 mV dropout voltage at 150 mA load improves efficiency and allows operation over a wide input voltage range. The ADP160/ADP161 are specifically designed for stable operation with tiny 1 μF ± 30% ceramic input and output capacitors to meet the requirements of high performance, space-constrained applications. The ADP160 is available in 15 fixed output voltage options, ranging from 1.2 V to 4.2 V. The ADP160/ADP161 also include a switched resistor to discharge the output automatically when the LDO is disabled. The ADP161 is available as an adjustable output voltage regulator. It is only available in a 5-lead TSOT package. Short-circuit and thermal overload protection circuits prevent damage in adverse conditions. The ADP160 is available in a tiny 5-lead TSOT and a 4-ball, 0.5 mm pitch WLCSP package for the smallest footprint solution to meet a variety of portable power applications. Rev. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2010 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. ADP160/ADP161 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Typical Performance Characteristics ..............................................8 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 12 Typical Application Circuits............................................................ 1 Applications Information .............................................................. 13 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Capacitor Selection .................................................................... 13 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Enable Feature ............................................................................ 14 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Current Limit and Thermal Overload Protection ................. 14 Input and Output Capacitor, Recommended Specifications .. 4 Thermal Considerations............................................................ 15 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 PCB Layout Considerations ...................................................... 17 Thermal Data ................................................................................ 5 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 19 Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 5 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 20 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 5 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions ........................... 6 REVISION HISTORY 6/10—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 SPECIFICATIONS VIN = (VOUT + 0.5 V) or 2.2 V, whichever is greater; EN = VIN, IOUT = 10 mA, CIN = COUT = 1 μF, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT SHUTDOWN CURRENT Symbol VIN IGND IGND-SD Conditions TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 0 μA IOUT = 0 μA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 1 μA IOUT = 1 μA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 100 μA IOUT = 100 μA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 10 mA IOUT = 10 mA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 150 mA IOUT = 150 mA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C EN = GND EN = GND, TJ = −40°C to +125°C Min 2.2 IOUT = 10 mA 0 μA < IOUT < 150 mA, VIN = (VOUT + 0.5 V) to 5.5 V 0 μA < IOUT < 150 mA, VIN = (VOUT + 0.5 V) to 5.5 V, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 10 mA −1 −2 −3.5 0 μA < IOUT < 150 mA, VIN = (VOUT + 0.5 V) to 5.5 V 0 μA < IOUT < 150 mA, VIN = (VOUT + 0.5 V) to 5.5 V, TJ = −40°C to +125°C 0.98 0.97 VIN = (VOUT + 0.5 V) to 5.5 V, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 100 μA to 150 mA IOUT = 100 μA to 150 mA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C VOUT = 3.3 V IOUT = 10 mA IOUT = 10 mA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 150 mA IOUT = 150 mA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 10 mA IOUT = 10 mA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C IOUT = 150 mA IOUT = 150 mA, TJ = −40°C to +125°C 2.2 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V, ADJ connected to VOUT VOUT = 2.8 V, RLOAD = ∞, ADP160 only VOUT = 3.3 V −0.1 Typ 560 860 2.6 Max 5.5 1250 2.3 1800 2.8 4.5 5.8 1 Unit V nA μA nA μA μA μA μA μA μA μA nA μA +1 +2 +3.5 % % % 1.01 V 1.02 1.03 V V +0.1 %/V %/mA %/mA 11 19 42 65 50 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ACCURACY VOUT ADJUSTABLE-OUTPUT VOLTAGE ACCURACY (ADP161) 1 REGULATION Line Regulation Load Regulation 2 DROPOUT VOLTAGE 3 4-Ball WLCSP VADJ ∆VOUT/∆VIN ∆VOUT/∆IOUT VDROPOUT 5-Lead TSOT ADJ INPUT BIAS CURRENT (ADP161) ACTIVE PULL-DOWN RESISTANCE START-UP TIME 4 CURRENT LIMIT THRESHOLD 5 THERMAL SHUTDOWN Thermal Shutdown Threshold Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis ADJI-BIAS TSHUTDOWN TSTART-UP ILIMIT TSSD TSSD-HYS TJ rising EN INPUT En Input Logic High EN Input Logic Low EN Input Leakage Current VIH VIL VI-LEAKAGE 2.2 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V 2.2 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V EN = VIN or GND EN = VIN or GND, TJ = −40°C to +125°C 0.99 0.004 0.01 7 13 105 195 8 15 120 225 220 Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 20 1.0 10 300 1100 320 600 500 mV mV mV mV mV mV mV mV nA Ω μs mA °C °C 150 15 1.2 0.4 0.1 1 V V μA μA ADP160/ADP161 Parameter UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT Input Voltage Rising Input Voltage Falling Hysteresis OUTPUT NOISE Symbol UVLO UVLORISE UVLOFALL UVLOHYS OUTNOISE POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO PSRR Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 2.19 V V mV μV rms μV rms μV rms dB dB dB dB dB dB 1.60 100 105 100 80 60 65 72 50 50 62 10 Hz to 100 kHz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 3.3 V 10 Hz to 100 kHz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 2.5 V 10 Hz to 100 kHz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 1.2 V 100 Hz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 3.3 V 100 Hz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 2.5 V 100 Hz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 1.2 V 1 kHz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 3.3 V 1 kHz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 2.5 V 1 kHz, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 1.2 V 1 Accuracy when VOUT is connected directly to ADJ. When the VOUT voltage is set by external feedback resistors, the absolute accuracy in adjust mode depends on the tolerances of resistors used. 2 Based on an end-point calculation using 0 μA and 150 mA loads. 3 Dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output voltage differential when the input voltage is set to the nominal output voltage. This applies only for output voltages above 2.2 V. 4 Start-up time is defined as the time between the rising edge of EN to VOUT being at 90% of its nominal value. 5 Current limit threshold is defined as the current at which the output voltage drops to 90% of the specified typical value. For example, the current limit for a 3.0 V output voltage is defined as the current that causes the output voltage to drop to 90% of 3.0 V or 2.7 V. INPUT AND OUTPUT CAPACITOR, RECOMMENDED SPECIFICATIONS Table 2. Parameter MINIMUM INPUT AND OUTPUT CAPACITANCE 1 CAPACITOR ESR 1 Symbol CMIN RESR Conditions TA = −40°C to +125°C TA = −40°C to +125°C Min 0.7 0.001 Typ Max 0.2 Unit μF Ω The minimum input and output capacitance should be greater than 0.7 μF over the full range of operating conditions. The full range of operating conditions in the application must be considered during device selection to ensure that the minimum capacitance specification is met. X7R and X5R type capacitors are recommended; however, Y5V and Z5U capacitors are not recommended for use with any LDO. Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 3. Parameter VIN to GND VOUT to GND EN to GND Storage Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature Range Operating Ambient Temperature Range Soldering Conditions Rating −0.3 V to +6.5 V −0.3 V to VIN −0.3 V to VIN −65°C to +150°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C JEDEC J-STD-020 Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. THERMAL DATA Absolute maximum ratings only apply individually; they do not apply in combination. The ADP160/ADP161 can be damaged when the junction temperature limits are exceeded. Monitoring ambient temperature does not guarantee that TJ is within the specified temperature limits. In applications with high power dissipation and poor thermal resistance, the maximum ambient temperature may have to be derated. In applications with moderate power dissipation and low PCB thermal resistance, the maximum ambient temperature can exceed the maximum limit as long as the junction temperature is within specification limits. The junction temperature (TJ) of the device is dependent on the ambient temperature (TA), the power dissipation of the device (PD), and the junction to ambient thermal resistance of the package (θJA). Maximum junction temperature (TJ) is calculated from the ambient temperature (TA) and power dissipation (PD) using the formula TJ = TA + (PD × θJA) Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (θJA) of the package is based on modeling and calculation using a 4-layer board. The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance is highly dependent on the application and board layout. In applications where high maximum power dissipation exists, close attention to thermal board design is required. The value of θJA may vary, depending on PCB material, layout, and environmental conditions. The specified values of θJA are based on a 4-layer, 4 inches × 3 inches, circuit board. Refer to JESD 51-7 and JESD 51-9 for detailed information on the board construction. For additional information, see Application Note AN-617, MicroCSP™ Wafer Level Chip Scale Package. ΨJB is the junction to board thermal characterization parameter with units of °C/W. ΨJB of the package is based on modeling and calculation using a 4-layer board. The JESD51-12, Guidelines for Reporting and Using Electronic Package Thermal Information, states that thermal characterization parameters are not the same as thermal resistances. ΨJB measures the component power flowing through multiple thermal paths rather than a single path as in thermal resistance, θJB. Therefore, ΨJB thermal paths include convection from the top of the package as well as radiation from the package, factors that make ΨJB more useful in real-world applications. Maximum junction temperature (TJ) is calculated from the board temperature (TB) and power dissipation (PD) using the formula TJ = TB + (PD × ΨJB) Refer to JESD51-8 and JESD51-12 for more detailed information about ΨJB. THERMAL RESISTANCE θJA and ΨJB are specified for the worst-case conditions, that is, a device soldered in a circuit board for surface-mount packages. Table 4. Thermal Resistance Package Type 5-Lead TSOT 4-Ball, 0.4 mm Pitch WLCSP ESD CAUTION Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 20 θJA 170 260 ΨJB 43 58 Unit °C/W °C/W ADP160/ADP161 PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS VIN 1 5 VOUT 4 NC ADP160 GND 2 EN 3 NC = NO CONNECT 08628-004 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) Figure 4. 5-Lead TSOT, Fixed Output Pin Configuration, ADP160 Table 5. 5-Lead TSOT Pin Function Descriptions, ADP160 Pin No. 1 2 3 Mnemonic VIN GND EN 4 5 NC VOUT Description Regulator Input Supply. Bypass VIN to GND with a 1 μF or greater capacitor. Ground. Enable Input. Drive EN high to turn on the regulator; drive EN low to turn off the regulator. For automatic startup, connect EN to VIN. No Connect. This pin is not connected internally. Regulated Output Voltage. Bypass VOUT to GND with a 1 μF or greater capacitor. VIN 1 5 VOUT GND 2 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 4 ADJ EN 3 08628-005 ADP161 Figure 5. 5-Lead TSOT, Adjustable Output Pin Configuration, ADP161 Table 6. 5-Lead TSOT Pin Function Descriptions, ADP161 Pin No. 1 2 3 Mnemonic VIN GND EN 4 ADJ 5 VOUT Description Regulator Input Supply. Bypass VIN to GND with a 1 μF or greater capacitor. Ground. Enable Input. Drive EN high to turn on the regulator; drive EN low to turn off the regulator. For automatic startup, connect EN to VIN. Output Voltage Adjust Pin. Connect the midpoint of the voltage divider between VOUT and GND to this pin to set the output voltage. Regulated Output Voltage. Bypass VOUT to GND with a 1 μF or greater capacitor. Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 A 1 2 VIN VOUT ADP160 EN GND TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 08628-006 B Figure 6. 4-Ball WLCSP Pin Configuration, ADP160 Table 7. 4-Ball WLCSP Pin Function Descriptions, ADP160 Pin No. A1 B1 Mnemonic VIN EN A2 B2 VOUT GND Description Regulator Input Supply. Bypass VIN to GND with a 1 μF or greater capacitor. Enable Input. Drive EN high to turn on the regulator; drive EN low to turn off the regulator. For automatic startup, connect EN to VIN. Regulated Output Voltage. Bypass VOUT to GND with a 1 μF or greater capacitor. Ground. Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 3.8 V, VOUT = 3.3 V, IOUT = 1 mA, CIN = COUT = 1 μF, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. 3.35 100 3.34 VOUT (V) 3.32 3.31 3.30 3.29 3.28 3.26 3.25 –40 –5 25 85 125 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 1 LOAD = 10mA LOAD = 100mA LOAD = 150mA NO LOAD LOAD = 1µA LOAD = 100µA LOAD = 1mA 0.1 08628-007 3.27 LOAD = 1µA LOAD = 100µA LOAD = 1mA LOAD = 10mA LOAD = 100mA LOAD = 150mA 10 –40 –5 25 85 08628-010 GROUND CURRENT (µA) 3.33 125 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 7. Output Voltage (VOUT) vs. Junction Temperature Figure 10. Ground Current vs. Junction Temperature 100 3.35 3.34 GROUND CURRENT (µA) 3.33 VOUT (V) 3.32 3.31 3.30 3.29 3.28 10 1 3.27 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 ILOAD (mA) 0.1 0.001 08628-008 3.25 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 ILOAD (mA) 08628-011 3.26 Figure 11. Ground Current vs. Load Current (ILOAD) Figure 8. Output Voltage (VOUT) vs. Load Current (ILOAD) 3.35 100 3.34 3.31 3.30 3.29 3.28 LOAD = 1µA LOAD = 100µA LOAD = 1mA LOAD = 10mA LOAD = 100mA LOAD = 150mA 3.27 3.26 3.25 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 VIN (V) 5.5 08628-009 VOUT (V) 3.32 Figure 9. Output Voltage (VOUT) vs. Input Voltage 10 1 0.1 3.7 LOAD = 10mA LOAD = 100mA LOAD = 150mA NO LOAD LOAD = 1µA LOAD = 100µA LOAD = 1mA 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 VIN (V) Figure 12. Ground Current vs. Input Voltage (VIN) Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 20 5.5 08628-012 GROUND CURRENT (µA) 3.33 ADP160/ADP161 0.14 120 GROUND CURRENT (µA) 0.16 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA) 140 VIN = 2.9V VIN = 3.2V VIN = 3.8V VIN = 4.1V VIN = 4.7V VIN = 5.5V 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 80 60 40 0.04 20 0.02 –40 –5 25 85 0 3.1 08628-013 0 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) IGND = 1mA IGND = 5mA IGND = 10mA IGND = 50mA IGND = 100mA IGND = 150mA 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 VIN (V) Figure 16. Ground Current vs. Input Voltage(VIN) in Dropout Figure 13. Shutdown Current vs. Temperature at Various Input Voltages 0 250 –10 VOUT = 2V –20 200 LOAD = 200mA LOAD = 100mA LOAD = 10mA LOAD = 1mA LOAD = 100µA –30 PSRR (dB) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 100 08628-016 0.18 150 100 –40 –50 –60 –70 VOUT = 3.3V 50 –80 0 –100 10 10 100 1000 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 3.35 –10 3.30 –20 LOAD = 200mA LOAD = 100mA LOAD = 10mA LOAD = 1mA LOAD = 100µA –30 PSRR (dB) 3.25 3.20 3.15 3.05 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Figure 15. Output Voltage (VOUT) vs. Input Voltage (in Dropout) –50 –60 –70 = 1mA = 5mA = 10mA = 50mA = 100mA = 250mA VIN (V) –40 –80 –90 –100 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M 08628-018 VDROP VDROP VDROP VDROP VDROP VDROP 3.10 08628-015 VOUT (V) 1k Figure 17. Power Supply Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency, VOUT = 1.2 V, VIN = 2.2 V Figure 14. Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current 3.00 3.1 100 08628-017 1 08628-014 –90 Figure 18. Power Supply Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency, VOUT = 2.5 V, VIN = 3.5 V Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 0 –10 –20 1k LOAD = 200mA LOAD = 100mA LOAD = 10mA LOAD = 1mA LOAD = 100µA NOISE (µV rms) PSRR (dB) –30 –40 –50 –60 VOUT = 3.3V VOUT = 2.5V VOUT = 1.2V ADJ 3.3V 100 10 –70 –80 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 1 0.001 08628-019 100 –20 PSRR (dB) –30 1 10 100 10 LOAD = 3.3V/200mA LOAD = 2.5V/200mA LOAD = 1.2V/200mA LOAD = 3.3V/1mA LOAD = 2.5V/1mA LOAD = 1.2V/1mA –40 –50 –60 1000 Figure 22. Output Noise vs. Load Current and Output Voltage, VIN = 5 V, COUT = 1 μF NOISE (µV/ Hz) 0 0.1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) Figure 19. Power Supply Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency, VOUT = 3.3 V, VIN = 4.3 V –10 0.01 08628-022 –90 –100 10 VOUT = 1.2V VOUT = 3.3V VOUT = 2.5V 1 –70 –80 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 20. Power Supply Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency Various Output Voltages and Load Currents, VIN − VOUT = 1 V 0 –10 –20 0.1 10 08628-020 100 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 08628-023 –90 –100 10 Figure 23. Output Noise Spectral Density, VIN = 5 V, ILOAD = 10 mA, COUT = 1 μF T LOAD = 200mA LOAD = 100mA LOAD = 10mA LOAD = 1mA LOAD = 100µA LOAD CURRENT 1 PSRR (dB) –30 –40 –50 –60 2 VOUT –70 –80 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M CH1 100mA Ω CH2 200mV 08628-021 –100 10 Figure 21. Adjustable ADP161 Power Supply Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency, VOUT = 3.3 V, VIN = 4.3 V M200µs T 10.40% A CH1 62mA 08628-024 –90 Figure 24. Load Transient Response, CIN, COUT = 1 μF, ILOAD = 1 mA to 150 mA, 200 ns Rise Time, CH1 = Load Current, CH2 = VOUT Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 T T LOAD CURRENT VIN 1 VOUT 2 VOUT 2 CH2 5mV M200µs T 10.40% A CH1 24mA CH1 1V Ω Figure 25. Load Transient Response, CIN, COUT = 1 μF, ILOAD = 1 mA to 50 mA, 200 ns Rise Time, CH1 = Load Current, CH2 = VOUT VIN VOUT 2 M200µs T 10.20% A CH1 4.34V 08628-026 1 CH2 20mV M200µs T 10.20% A CH1 4.56V Figure 27. Line Transient Response, VIN = 4 V to 5 V , CIN, - 1μF, COUT =10 μF, ILOAD = 150 mA, CH1 = VIN, CH2 = VOUT T CH1 1V Ω CH2 20mV 08628-027 CH1 20mA Ω 08628-025 1 Figure 26. Line Transient Response, VIN = 4 V to 5 V, CIN, COUT = 1 μF, ILOAD = 150 mA, CH1 = VIN, CH2 = VOUT Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 THEORY OF OPERATION The ADP160/ADP161 are ultralow quiescent current, low dropout linear regulators that operate from 2.2 V to 5.5 V and can provide up to 150 mA of output current. Drawing only 560 nA (typical) at no load and a low 42 μA of quiescent current (typical) at full load makes the ADP160 ideal for battery-operated portable equipment. Shutdown current consumption is typically 50 nA. Using new innovative design techniques, the ADP160 provides ultralow quiescent current and superior transient performance for digital and RF applications. The ADP160 is also optimized for use with small 1 μF ceramic capacitors. VIN VOUT SHORT CIRCUIT, UVLO, AND THERMAL PROTECT GND EN SHUTDOWN The adjustable ADP161 has an output voltage range of 1.0 V to 4.2 V. The output voltage is set by the ratio of two external resistors, as shown in Figure 2. The device servos the output to maintain the voltage at the ADJ pin at 1.0 V referenced to ground. The current in R1 is then equal to 1.0 V/R2, and the current in R1 is the current in R2 plus the ADJ pin bias current. The ADJ pin bias current, 10 nA at 25°C, flows through R1 into the ADJ pin. R3 R2 08628-028 REFERENCE R1 ADP160 Internally, the ADP160 consists of a reference, an error amplifier, a feedback voltage divider, and a PMOS pass transistor. Output current is delivered via the PMOS pass device, which is controlled by the error amplifier. The error amplifier compares the reference voltage with the feedback voltage from the output and amplifies the difference. If the feedback voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the gate of the PMOS device is pulled lower, allowing more current to pass and increasing the output voltage. If the feedback voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the gate of the PMOS device is pulled higher, allowing less current to pass and decreasing the output voltage. The output voltage can be calculated using the equation: VOUT = 1.0 V(1 + R1/R2) + (ADJI-BIAS)(R1) Figure 28. Internal Block Diagram, Fixed Output with Output Discharge Function VOUT VIN SHORT CIRCUIT, UVLO, AND THERMAL PROTECT GND R1 Note that in shutdown, the output is turned off and the divider current is zero. ADJ SHUTDOWN REFERENCE ADP161 Figure 29. Internal Block Diagram, Adjustable Output with Output Discharge Function 08628-030 EN The value of R1 should be less than 200 kΩ to minimize errors in the output voltage caused by the ADJ pin bias current. For example, when R1 and R2 each equal 200 kΩ, the output voltage is 2.0 V. The output voltage error introduced by the ADJ pin bias current is 2 mV or 0.10%, assuming a typical ADJ pin bias current of 10 nA at 25°C. The ADP160/ADP161 also include an output discharge resistor to force the output voltage to zero when the LDO is disabled. This ensures that the output of the LDO is always in a well-defined state, whether it is enabled or not. The ADP160 is available in 15 output voltage options, ranging from 1.2 V to 4.2 V. The ADP160/ADP161 use the EN pin to enable and disable the VOUT pin under normal operating conditions. When EN is high, VOUT turns on, and when EN is low, VOUT turns off. For automatic startup, EN can be tied to VIN. Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION CAPACITOR SELECTION Input and Output Capacitor Properties Output Capacitor Any good quality ceramic capacitors can be used with the ADP160/ ADP161, as long as they meet the minimum capacitance and maximum ESR requirements. Ceramic capacitors are manufactured with a variety of dielectrics, each with different behavior over temperature and applied voltage. Capacitors must have a dielectric adequate to ensure the minimum capacitance over the necessary temperature range and dc bias conditions. X5R or X7R dielectrics with a voltage rating of 6.3 V or 10 V are recommended. Y5V and Z5U dielectrics are not recommended due to their poor temperature and dc bias characteristics. The ADP160/ADP161 are designed for operation with small, space-saving ceramic capacitors, but functions with most commonly used capacitors as long as care is with regard to the effective series resistance (ESR) value. The ESR of the output capacitor affects stability of the LDO control loop. A minimum of 1 μF capacitance with an ESR of 1 Ω or less is recommended to ensure stability of the ADP160/ADP161. Transient response to changes in load current is also affected by output capacitance. Using a larger value of output capacitance improves the transient response of the ADP160/ADP161 to large changes in load current. Figure 30 and Figure 31 show the transient responses for output capacitance values of 1 μF and 10 μF, respectively. T LOAD CURRENT 1 Figure 32 depicts the capacitance vs. voltage bias characteristic of a 0402, 1 μF, 10 V, X5R capacitor. The voltage stability of a capacitor is strongly influenced by the capacitor size and voltage rating. In general, a capacitor in a larger package or higher voltage rating exhibits better stability. The temperature variation of the X5R dielectric is about ±15% over the −40°C to +85°C temperature range and is not a function of package or voltage rating. 1.2 1.0 CAPACITANCE (µF) 2 M200µs T 10.40% A CH1 62mA 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Figure 30. Output Transient Response, COUT = 1 μF, CH1 = Load Current, CH2 = VOUT 0 T 0 LOAD CURRENT 2 4 6 8 VOLTAGE 10 08628-034 CH1 100mA Ω CH2 200mV 08628-032 VOUT Figure 32. Capacitance vs. Voltage Characteristic 1 Use Equation 1 to determine the worst-case capacitance accounting for capacitor variation over temperature, component tolerance, and voltage. (1) CEFF = CBIAS × (1 − TEMPCO) × (1 − TOL) where: CBIAS is the effective capacitance at the operating voltage. TEMPCO is the worst-case capacitor temperature coefficient. TOL is the worst-case component tolerance. 2 CH1 100mA Ω CH2 200mV M200µs T 10.00% A CH1 74mA 08628-033 VOUT In this example, the worst-case temperature coefficient (TEMPCO) over −40°C to +85°C is assumed to be 15% for an X5R dielectric. The tolerance of the capacitor (TOL) is assumed to be 10%, and CBIAS is 0.94 μF at 1.8 V, as shown in Figure 32. Figure 31. Output Transient Response, COUT = 10 μF, CH1 = Load Current, CH2 = VOUT Input Bypass Capacitor Substituting these values in Equation 1 yields Connecting a 1 μF capacitor from VIN to GND reduces the circuit sensitivity to the printed circuit board (PCB) layout, especially when long input traces or high source impedance are encountered. If greater than 1 μF of output capacitance is required, the input capacitor should be increased to match it. CEFF = 0.94 μF × (1 − 0.15) × (1 − 0.1) = 0.719 μF Therefore, the capacitor chosen in this example meets the minimum capacitance requirement of the LDO over temperature and tolerance at the chosen output voltage. Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 To guarantee the performance of the ADP160/ADP161, it is imperative that the effects of dc bias, temperature, and tolerances on the behavior of the capacitors are evaluated for each. 3.5 ENABLE FEATURE 2.5 EN VOLTAGE/VOUT (V) The ADP160/ADP161 use the EN pin to enable and disable the VOUT pin under normal operating conditions. As shown in Figure 33, when a rising voltage on EN crosses the active threshold, VOUT turns on. When a falling voltage on EN crosses the inactive threshold, VOUT turns off. 3.3V 3.0 4.5 2.5V 2.0 EN 1.5 1.2V 1.0 0.5 0 0 3.5 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 TIME (µs) Figure 35. Typical Start-Up Behavior 2.5 4.5 2.0 4.0 1.5 3.5 0 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 EN VOLTAGE (V) 08628-035 0.5 Figure 33. Typical EN Pin Operation 2.5 4.2V EN 2.0 1.5 1.0 As shown in Figure 33, the EN pin has hysteresis built in. This prevents on/off oscillations that can occur due to noise on the EN pin as it passes through the threshold points. The EN pin active/inactive thresholds are derived from the VIN voltage. Therefore, these thresholds vary with changing input voltage. Figure 34 shows typical EN active/inactive thresholds when the input voltage varies from 2.2 V to 5.5 V. 1.1 1.2V 0.5 0 0 200 400 600 800 TIME (µs) 1000 Figure 36. Typical Shutdown Behavior CURRENT LIMIT AND THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION The ADP160/ADP161 are protected against damage due to excessive power dissipation by current and thermal overload protection circuits. The ADP160/ADP161 are designed to current limit when the output load reaches 320 mA (typical). When the output load exceeds 320 mA, the output voltage is reduced to maintain a constant current limit. 1.0 EN VOLTAGE (V) 3.0 08628-038 1.0 EN VOLTAGE/VOUT (V) VOUT (V) 3.0 08628-037 4.0 0.9 EN RISE 0.8 EN FALL 0.7 0.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5.0 08628-036 0.6 Thermal overload protection is included, which limits the junction temperature to a maximum of 150°C (typical). Under extreme conditions (that is, high ambient temperature and power dissipation), when the junction temperature starts to rise above 150°C, the output is turned off, reducing the output current to zero. When the junction temperature drops below 135°C, the output is turned on again and the output current is restored to its nominal value. Figure 34. Typical EN Pin Thresholds vs. Input Voltage The start-up and shutdown behavior of the ADP160 is shown in Figure 35 and Figure 36. Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS In most applications, the ADP160/ADP161 do not dissipate much heat due to their high efficiency. However, in applications with high ambient temperature and high supply voltage to output voltage differential, the heat dissipated in the package is large enough that it can cause the junction temperature of the die to exceed the maximum junction temperature of 125°C. When the junction temperature exceeds 150°C, the converter enters thermal shutdown. It recovers only after the junction temperature has decreased below 135°C to prevent any permanent damage. Therefore, thermal analysis for the chosen application is very important to guarantee reliable performance over all conditions. The junction temperature of the die is the sum of the ambient temperature of the environment and the temperature rise of the package due to the power dissipation, as shown in Equation 2. To guarantee reliable operation, the junction temperature of the ADP160/ADP161 must not exceed 125°C. To ensure the junction temperature stays below this maximum value, the user needs to be aware of the parameters that contribute to junction temperature changes. These parameters include ambient temperature, power dissipation in the power device, and thermal resistances between the junction and ambient air (θJA). The θJA number is dependent on the package assembly compounds that are used and the amount of copper used to solder the package GND pins to the PCB. Table 8 shows the typical θJA values of the 5-lead TSOT and the 4-ball WLCSP for various PCB copper sizes. Table 9 shows the typical ΨJB value of the 5-lead TSOT and 4-ball WLCSP. Table 8. Typical θJA Values Copper Size (mm2) 01 50 100 300 500 1 TSOT 170 152 146 134 131 θJA (°C/W) WLCSP 260 159 157 153 151 ΨJB (°C/W) TSOT 42.8 WLCSP 58.4 The junction temperature of the ADP160/ADP161 can be calculated from the following equation: TJ = TA + (PD × θJA) (2) where: TA is the ambient temperature. PD is the power dissipation in the die, given by PD = [(VIN − VOUT) × ILOAD] + (VIN × IGND) (3) where: ILOAD is the load current. IGND is the ground current. VIN and VOUT are input and output voltages, respectively. Power dissipation due to ground current is quite small and can be ignored. Therefore, the junction temperature equation simplifies to the following: TJ = TA + {[(VIN − VOUT) × ILOAD] × θJA} (4) As shown in Equation 4, for a given ambient temperature, inputto-output voltage differential, and continuous load current, there exists a minimum copper size requirement for the PCB to ensure the junction temperature does not rise above 125°C. Figure 37 to Figure 44 show the junction temperature calculations for the different ambient temperatures, load currents, VIN-to-VOUT differentials, and areas of PCB copper. In the case where the board temperature is known, use the thermal characterization parameter, ΨJB, to estimate the junction temperature rise (see Figure 45 and Figure 46). Maximum junction temperature (TJ) is calculated from the board temperature (TB) and power dissipation (PD) using the following formula: TJ = TB + (PD × ΨJB) (5) The typical value of ΨJB is 58°C/W for the 4-ball WLCSP package and 43°C/W for the 5-lead TSOT package. 140 MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.3 ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 Figure 37. 500 mm2 of PCB Copper, WLCSP, TA = 25°C Device soldered to minimum size pin traces. Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 20 4.8 08628-039 Current and thermal limit protections are intended to protect the device against accidental overload conditions. For reliable operation, device power dissipation must be externally limited so junction temperatures do not exceed 125°C. Table 9. Typical ΨJB Values JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) Consider the case where a hard short from OUT to ground occurs. At first, the ADP160/ADP161 current limits so that only 320 mA is conducted into the short. If self-heating of the junction is great enough to cause its temperature to rise above 150°C, thermal shutdown activates, turning off the output and reducing the output current to zero. As the junction temperature cools and drops below 135°C, the output turns on and conducts 320 mA into the short, again causing the junction temperature to rise above 150°C. This thermal oscillation between 135°C and 150°C causes a current oscillation between 320 mA and 0 mA that continues as long as the short remains at the output. ADP160/ADP161 140 140 MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.3 ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 4.8 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.3 Figure 38. 100 mm2 of PCB Copper, WLCSP, TA = 50°C ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 4.8 140 MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.3 ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 4.8 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.3 Figure 39. 500 mm2 of PCB Copper, WLCSP, TA = 85°C ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 4.8 08628-044 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) 120 08628-041 Figure 42. 100 mm2 of PCB Copper, TSOT, TA = 25°C 140 140 MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) 120 100 80 60 40 0 0.3 ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 4.8 08628-042 20 Figure 40. 100 mm2 of PCB Copper,WLCSP, TA = 50°C 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.3 ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 Figure 43. 500 mm2 of PCB Copper, TSOT, TA = 50°C Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 20 4.8 08628-045 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) 1.8 Figure 41. 500 mm2 of PCB Copper, TSOT, TA = 25°C 140 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) 1.3 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 08628-043 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) 120 08628-040 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ADP160/ADP161 140 140 MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.3 ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 4.8 80 60 40 20 ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 4.8 Figure 46. TSOT, TA = 85°C 140 PCB LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE Heat dissipation from the package can be improved by increasing the amount of copper attached to the pins of the ADP160/ADP161. However, as listed in Table 8, a point of diminishing returns is reached eventually, beyond which an increase in the copper size does not yield significant heat dissipation benefits. 120 100 80 60 Place the input capacitor as close as possible to the VIN and GND pins. Place the output capacitor as close as possible to the VOUT and GND pins. Use of 0402 or 0603 size capacitors and resistors achieves the smallest possible footprint solution on boards where area is limited. 40 20 ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA 0.8 1.3 1.8 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 200mA 2.3 2.8 3.3 VIN – VOUT (V) 3.8 4.3 4.8 08628-047 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) 100 0 0.3 Figure 44. 100 mm2 of PCB Copper, TSOT, TA = 50°C 0 0.3 120 08628-048 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) 120 08628-046 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, TJ (°C) MAXIMUM JUNCTION TEMPERATURE Figure 45. WLCSP, TA = 85°C Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 20 08628-049 ADP160/ADP161 08628-050 Figure 47. Example of 5-Lead TSOT PCB Layout Figure 48. Example of 4-Ball WLCSP PCB Layout Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 20 ADP160/ADP161 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 2.90 BSC 5 4 2.80 BSC 1.60 BSC 1 2 3 0.95 BSC 1.90 BSC *0.90 MAX 0.70 MIN 0.10 MAX 0.50 0.30 0.20 0.08 8° 4° 0° SEATING PLANE 0.60 0.45 0.30 100708-A *1.00 MAX *COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-193-AB WITH THE EXCEPTION OF PACKAGE HEIGHT AND THICKNESS. Figure 49. 5-Lead Thin Small Outline Transistor Package [TSOT] (UJ-5) Dimensions shown in millimeters 1.000 0.965 SQ 0.925 0.640 0.595 0.550 0.370 0.355 0.340 SEATING PLANE 2 1 A 0.340 0.320 0.300 B 0.50 BALL PITCH TOP VIEW (BALL SIDE DOWN) 0.270 0.240 0.210 BOTTOM VIEW (BALL SIDE UP) 0.030 NOM COPLANARITY Figure 50.4-Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package [WLCSP] (CB-4-1) Dimensions shown in millimeters Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 20 040409-B BALL A1 IDENTIFIER ADP160/ADP161 ORDERING GUIDE Model 1 ADP160ACBZ-1.2-R7 ADP160ACBZ-1.5-R7 ADP160ACBZ-1.8-R7 ADP160ACBZ-2.1-R7 ADP160ACBZ-2.5-R7 ADP160ACBZ-2.75-R7 ADP160ACBZ-2.8-R7 ADP160ACBZ-2.85-R7 ADP160ACBZ-3.0-R7 ADP160ACBZ-3.3-R7 ADP160ACBZ-4.2-R7 ADP160AUJZ-1.2-R7 ADP160AUJZ-1.5-R7 ADP160AUJZ-1.8-R7 ADP160AUJZ-2.5-R7 ADP160AUJZ-2.8-R7 ADP160AUJZ-3.0-R7 ADP160AUJZ-3.3-R7 ADP160AUJZ-4.2-R7 ADP161AUJZ-R7 ADP160UJZ-REDYKIT 1 Temperature Range −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C Output Voltage (V) 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.75 2.8 2.85 3.0 3.3 4.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 4.2 Adjustable Package Description 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 4-Ball WLCSP 5-Lead TSOT 5-Lead TSOT 5-Lead TSOT 5-Lead TSOT 5-Lead TSOT 5-Lead TSOT 5-Lead TSOT 5-Lead TSOT 5-Lead TSOT Evaluation board kit Z = RoHS Compliant Part. ©2010 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D08628-0-6/10(0) Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 20 Package Option CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 CB-4-1 UJ-5 UJ-5 UJ-5 UJ-5 UJ-5 UJ-5 UJ-5 UJ-5 UJ-5 Branding 5K 5L 5N 5P 5Q 5R 5S 5T 5U 5V 6U LDQ LDR LE0 LFZ LG0 Y2U LG1 LGY LHW