SILABS BRD4153A Integrated pcb antenna Datasheet

EFR32MG 2.4 GHz 13 dBm Radio Board
BRD4153A Reference Manual
The EFR32MG family of Wireless SoCs deliver a high performance, low energy wireless solution integrated into a small form
factor package.
By combining a high performance 2.4 GHz RF transceiver with an energy efficient 32-bit
MCU, the family provides designers the ultimate in flexibility with a family of pin-compatible devices that scale from 128/256 kB of flash and 16/32 kB of RAM. The ultra-low
power operating modes and fast wake-up times of the Silicon Labs energy friendly 32bit MCUs, combined with the low transmit and receive power consumption of the 2.4
GHz radio, result in a solution optimized for battery powered applications.
To develop and/or evaluate the EFR32 Mighty Gecko, the EFR32MG Radio Board can
be connected to the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard to get access to display, buttons and
additional features from Expansion Boards.
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RADIO BOARD FEATURES
• Wireless SoC:
EFR32MG1P132F256GM48
• CPU core: ARM Cortex-M4 with FPU
• Flash memory: 256 kB
• RAM: 32 kB
• Operation frequency: 2.4 GHz
• Transmit power: 13 dBm
• Integrated PCB antenna, UFL connector
(optional).
• Crystals for LFXO and HFXO: 32.768 kHz
and 38.4 MHz.
Rev. 1.6
BRD4153A Reference Manual
Introduction
1. Introduction
The EFR32 Mighty Gecko Radio Boards provide a development platform (together with the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard) for the
Silicon Labs EFR32 Mighty Gecko Wireless System on Chips and serve as reference designs for the matching network of the RF interface.
The BRD4153A Radio Board is designed to operate in the 2400-2483.5 MHz band with the RF matching network optimized to operate
with 13 dBm output power.
To develop and/or evaluate the EFR32 Mighty Gecko, the BRD4153A Radio Board can be connected to the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard to get access to display, buttons and additional features from Expansion Boards and also to evaluate the performance of the RF
interface.
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Radio Board Connector
2. Radio Board Connector
2.1 Introduction
The board-to-board connector scheme allows access to all EFR32MG1 GPIO pins as well as the RESETn signal. For more information
on the functions of the available pin functions, see the EFR32MG1 data sheet.
2.2 Radio Board Connector Pin Associations
The figure below shows the pin mapping on the connector to the radio pins and their function on the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard.
P200
Upper Row
3v3
UIF_BUTTON1 / PF7 / P36
NC / P38
NC / P40
NC / P42
NC / P44
DEBUG.TMS_SWDIO / PF1 / F0
DEBUG.TDO_SWO / PF2 / F2
#RESET / F4
VCOM.TX_MOSI / PA0 / F6
VCOM.#CTS_SCLK / PA2 / F8
DISP_EXTCOMIN / PD13 / F10
UIF_BUTTON0 / PF6 / F12
DISP_ENABLE / PD15 / F14
DISP_SI / PC6 / F16
DISP_EXTCOMIN / PD13 / F18
PTI.DATA / PB12 / F20
USB_VBUS
5V
Board ID SCL
P201
Lower Row
GND
GND
VCOM.#CTS_SCLK / PA2 / P0
P37 / High / SENSOR_ENABLE
VCOM.#RTS_#CS / PA3 / P2
P39 / NC
PD10 / P4
P41 / NC
PD11 / P6
P43 / NC
P45 / NC
PD12 / P8
F1 / PF0 / DEBUG.TCK_SWCLK
DEBUG.TDI / PF3 / P10
F3 / PF3 / DEBUG.TDI
PC10 / P12
F5 / PA5 / VCOM_ENABLE
PA4 / P14
F7 / PA1 / VCOM.RX_MISO
VCOM_ENABLE / PA5 / P16
F9 / PA3 / VCOM.#RTS_#CS
PTI.CLK / PB11 / P18
F11 / PF5 / UIF_LED1
PTI.DATA / PB12 / P20
F13 / PF7 / UIF_BUTTON1
PTI.SYNC / PB13 / P22
F15 / PC8 / DISP_SCLK
DEBUG.TCK_SWCLK / PF0 / P24
F17 / PD14 / DISP_SCS
DEBUG.TMS_SWDIO / PF1 / P26
F19 / PB13 / PTI.SYNC
DEBUG.TDO_SWO / PF2 / P28
F21 / PB11 / PTI.CLK
UIF_LED0 / PF4 / P30
USB_VREG
UIF_LED1 / PF5 / P32
GND
UIF_BUTTON0 / PF6 / P34
GND
Board ID SDA
VMCU_IN
P1 / PC6 / DISP_SI
P3 / PC7
P5 / PC8 / DISP_SCLK
P7 / PC9
P9 / PA0 / VCOM.TX_MOSI
P11 / PA1 / VCOM.RX_MISO
P13 / PC11
P15 / NC
P17 / NC
P19 / NC
P21 / NC
P23 / NC
P25 / NC
P27 / NC
P29 / NC
P31 / PD13 / DISP_EXTCOMIN
P33 / PD14 / DISP_SCS
P35 / PD15 / DISP_ENABLE
VRF_IN
Figure 2.1. BRD4153A Radio Board Connector Pin Mapping
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BRD4153A Reference Manual
Radio Board Block Summary
3. Radio Board Block Summary
3.1 Introduction
This section gives a short introduction to the blocks of the BRD4153A Radio Board.
3.2 Radio Board Block Diagram
The block diagram of the EFR32MG Radio Board is shown in the figure below.
I2C
UFL
Connector
2.4 GHz RF
GPIO
UART
Debug
EFR32
EFR32
Wireless SoC
AEM
Packet Trace
2.4 GHz RF
Inverted-F
PCB
Antenna
SPI
SPI
I2C
Radio
Board
Connectors
2.4 GHz RF
Matching
Network &
Path
Selection
24AA0024
8 Mbit
MX25R
Serial EEPROM
Serial Flash
32
.76
8k
LF
Crystal
.4M
38
HF
Crystal
Figure 3.1. BRD4153A Block Diagram
3.3 Radio Board Block Description
3.3.1 Wireless MCU
The BRD4153A EFR32 Mighty Gecko Radio Board incorporates an EFR32MG1P132F256GM48 Wireless System on Chip featuring
32-bit Cortex-M4 with FPU core, 256 kB of flash memory and 32 kB of RAM and a 2.4 GHz band transceiver with output power up to
16.5 dBm. For additional information on the EFR32MG1P132F256GM48, refer to the EFR32MG1 Data Sheet.
3.3.2 LF Crystal Oscillator (LFXO)
The BRD4153A Radio Board has a 32.768 kHz crystal mounted.
3.3.3 HF Crystal Oscillator (HFXO)
The BRD4153A Radio Board has a 38.4 MHz crystal mounted.
3.3.4 Matching Network for 2.4 GHz
The BRD4153A Radio Board incorporates a 2.4 GHz matching network which connects the 2.4 GHz TRX pin of the EFR32MG1 to the
one on-board printed Inverted-F antenna. The component values were optimized for the 2.4 GHz band RF performace and current consumption with 13 dBm output power.
For detailed description of the matching network, see Chapter 4.2.1 Description of the 2.4 GHz RF Matching.
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Radio Board Block Summary
3.3.5 Inverted-F Antenna
The BRD4153A Radio Board includes a printed Inverted-F antenna (IFA) tuned to have close to 50 Ohm impedance at the 2.4 GHz
band.
For detailed description of the antenna see Chapter 4.5 Inverted-F Antenna.
3.3.6 UFL Connector
To be able to perform conducted measurements, Silicon Labs added an UFL connector to the Radio Board. The connector allows an
external 50 Ohm cable or antenna to be connected during design verification or testing.
Note: By default the output of the matching network is connected to the printed Inverted-F antenna by a series component. It can be
connected to the UFL connector as well through a series 0 Ohm resistor which is not mounted by default. For conducted measurements
through the UFL connector the series component to the antenna should be removed and the 0 Ohm resistor should be mounted (see
Chapter 4.2 Schematic of the RF Matching Network for further details).
3.3.7 Radio Board Connectors
Two dual-row, 0.05” pitch polarized connectors make up the EFR32MG Radio Board interface to the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard.
For more information on the pin mapping between the EFR32MG1P132F256GM48 and the Radio Board Connector, refer to Chapter
2.2 Radio Board Connector Pin Associations.
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BRD4153A Reference Manual
RF Section
4. RF Section
4.1 Introduction
This section gives a short introduction to the RF section of the BRD4153A.
4.2 Schematic of the RF Matching Network
The schematic of the RF section of the BRD4153A Radio Board is shown in the following figure.
2.4 GHz
Matching & Filtering
Network
U1B
RF Crystal
10
HFXTAL_N
HFXI
L2
L1
RF I/O
2G4RF_IOP
Path
Selection &
Harmonic
Suppression
Inverted-F
Antenna
AT1
C3
17
C1
C2
INVERTED_F
Supply
Filtering
RFVDD
L102
11
HFXTAL_P
HFXO
RF Analog Power
1
2
BLM18AG601SN1
9
C102
C103
100P
10P
PAVDD
2G4RF_ION
R2
0R
NM
Ground
RFVDD
RFVSS
L103
16
14
GND
P1
3
PA Power
1
2
BLM18AG601SN1
18
C106
220N
GND
PAVDD
PAVSS
15
1
2
C107
U.FL
10P
GND
GND
GND
Test
Connector
Figure 4.1. Schematic of the RF Section of the BRD4153A
4.2.1 Description of the 2.4 GHz RF Matching
The 2.4 GHz matching connects the 2G4RF_IOP pin to the on-board printed Inverted-F Antenna. The 2G4RF_ION pin is connected to
ground. For higher output powers (13 dBm and above), besides the impedance matching circuitry, it is recommended to use additional
harmonic filtering as well at the RF output. The targeted output power of the BRD4153A board is 13 dBm. Therefore, the RF output of
the IC is connected to the antenna through a four-element impedance matching and harmonic filter circuitry.
For conducted measurements the output of the matching network can also be connected to the UFL connector by removing the series
C3 capacitor between the antenna and the output of the matching and adding a 0 Ohm resistor to the R2 resistor position between the
output of the matching and the UFL connector.
4.3 RF Section Power Supply
On the BRD4153A Radio Board the power supply pins of the RF section (RFVDD, PAVDD) are directly connected to the output of the
on-chip DC-DC converter. This way, by default, the DC-DC converter provides 1.8 V for the entire RF section (for details, see the schematic of the BRD4153A).
4.4 Bill of Materials for the 2.4 GHz Matching
The Bill of Materials of the 2.4 GHz matching network of the BRD4153A Radio Board is shown in the following table.
Table 4.1. Bill of Materials for the BRD4153A 2.4 GHz 13 dBm RF Matching Network
Component name
Value
Manufacturer
Part Number
C1
2.0 pF
Murata
GRM1555C1H2R0WA01
C2
1.0 pF
Murata
GRM1555C1H1R0WA01
L1
1.8 nH
Murata
LQP15MN1N8W02
L2
3.0 nH
Murata
LQP15MN3N0W00
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RF Section
4.5 Inverted-F Antenna
The BRD4153A Radio Board includes an on-board printed Inverted-F Antenna tuned for the 2.4 GHz band. Due to the design restrictions of the Radio Board, the input of the antenna and the output of the matching network can't be placed directly next to each other.
Therefore, a 50 Ohm transmission line was necessary to connect them. With the actual line length, the impedance of the antenna at the
double-harmonic frequency is transformed closer to a "critical load impedance range", which increases the radiated level of the harmonic.
To reduce the harmonic radiation a tuning component was used instead of a series 0 Ohm resistor between the matching network output and the antenna input. For the actual Radio Board design (with the actual transmission line length) a small value capacitor was
used (C3 capacitor with value of 3.9 pF) to transform the impedance at the double-frequency harmonic away from the critical region
while keeping the impedance at the fundamental close to 50 Ohm. With this the suppression of the radiated double-frequency, harmonic increases by approximately. 5 dB. The resulting impedance and reflection are shown in the following figure.
Figure 4.2. Impedance and Reflection of the Inverted-F Antenna of the BRD4153A
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Mechanical Details
5. Mechanical Details
The BRD4153A EFR32 Mighty Gecko Radio Board is illustrated in the figures below.
DC-DC
Inductor
DC-DC
&
Supply
Filter
Caps.
EFR32xx
30 mm
OTA
Flash Frame of
the
Optional
Shielding
Can
45 mm
Figure 5.1. BRD4153A Top View
5 mm
24 mm
Board
Identification
P 200
P 201
15 mm
27.3 mm
28.6 mm
WSTK
Sensor
Enable
Selection
Interface
Connector
Interface
Connector
Figure 5.2. BRD4153A Bottom View
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BRD4153A Reference Manual
EMC Compliance
6. EMC Compliance
6.2 EMC Regulations for 2.4 GHz
6.2.1 ETSI EN 300-328 Emission Limits for the 2400-2483.5 MHz Band
Based on ETSI EN 300-328 the allowed maximum fundamental power for the 2400-2483.5 MHz band is 20 dBm EIRP. For the unwanted emissions in the 1 GHz to 12.75 GHz domain the specified limit is -30 dBm EIRP.
6.2.2 FCC15.247 Emission Limits for the 2400-2483.5 MHz Band
FCC 15.247 allows conducted output power up to 1 Watt (30 dBm) in the 2400-2483.5 MHz band. For spurious emmissions the limit is
-20 dBc based on either conducted or radiated measurement, if the emission is not in a restricted band. The restricted bands are specified in FCC 15.205. In these bands the spurious emission levels must meet the levels set out in FCC 15.209. In the range from
960 MHz to the frequency of the 5th harmonic it is defined as 0.5 mV/m at 3 m distance (equals to -41.2 dBm in EIRP).
Additionally, for spurious frequencies above 1 GHz, FCC 15.35 allows duty-cycle relaxation to the regulatory limits. For the EmberZNet
PRO the relaxation is 3.6 dB. Therefore, the -41.2 dBm limit can be modified to -37.6 dBm.
If operating in the 2400-2483.5 MHz band the 2nd, 3rd and 5th harmonics can fall into restricted bands. As a result, for those the
-37.6 dBm limit should be applied. For the 4th harmonic the -20 dBc limit should be applied.
6.2.3 Applied Emission Limits for the 2.4 GHz Band
The above ETSI limits are applied both for conducted and radiated measurements.
The FCC restricted band limits are radiated limits only. Besides that, Silicon Labs applies those to the conducted spectrum i.e., it is
assumed that, in case of a custom board, an antenna is used which has 0 dB gain at the fundamental and the harmonic frequencies. In
that theoretical case, based on the conducted measurement, the compliance with the radiated limits can be estimated.
The overall applied limits are shown in the table below.
Table 6.1. Applied Limits for Spurious Emissions for the 2.4 GHz Band
Harmonic
Frequency
Limit
2nd
4800~4967 MHz
-37.6 dBm
3rd
7200~7450.5 MHz
-37.6 dBm
4th
9600~9934 MHz
-30 dBm
5th
12000~12417.5 MHz
-37.6 dBm
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RF Performance
7. RF Performance
7.1 Conducted Power Measurements
During measurements, the EFR32MG Radio Board was attached to a Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard which was supplied by USB. The
voltage supply for the Radio Board was 3.3 V.
7.1.1 Conducted Measurements in the 2.4 GHz band
The BRD4153A board was connected directly to a Spectrum Analyzer through its UFL connector (the C3 capacitor was removed and a
0 Ohm resistor was soldered to the R2 resistor position). During measurements, the voltage supply for the board was 3.3 V provided by
the mainboard. The supply for the RF section was 1.8 V provided by the on-chip DC-DC converter (for details, see the schematic of the
BRD4153A). The transceiver was operated in continuous carrier transmission mode. The output power of the radio was set to 13 dBm.
The typical output spectrum is shown in the following figure.
Figure 7.1. Typical Output Spectrum of the BRD4153A
As it can be observed, the fundamental is slightly lower than 13 dBm limit and the strongest unwanted emission is the double-frequency
harmonic and it is under the -37.6 dBm applied limit.
Note: The conducted measurement is performed by connecting the on-board UFL connector to a Spectrum Analyzer through an SMA
Conversion Adapter (P/N: HRMJ-U.FLP(40)). This connection itself introduces approximately 0.3 dB insertion loss.
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RF Performance
7.2 Radiated Power Measurements
During measurements, the EFR32MG Radio Board was attached to a Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard which was supplied by USB. The
voltage supply for the Radio Board was 3.3 V. The radiated power was measured in an antenna chamber by rotating the DUT 360
degrees with horizontal and vertical reference antenna polarizations in the XY, XZ and YZ cuts. The measurement axes are shown in
the figure below.
Figure 7.2. DUT: Radio Board with the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard (Illustration)
Note: The radiated measurement results presented in this document were recorded in an unlicensed antenna chamber. Also the radiated power levels may change depending on the actual application (PCB size, used antenna, and so on). Therefore, the absolute levels
and margins of the final application are recommended to be verified in a licensed EMC testhouse.
7.2.1 Radiated Measurements in the 2.4 GHz band
For the transmitter antenna, the on-board printed Inverted-F antenna of the BRD4153A board was used (the C3 capacitor was mounted). During measurements, the board was attached to a Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard (BRD4001 (Rev. A02) ) which was supplied
through USB. During measurements, the voltage supply for the board was 3.3 V provided by the mainboard. The supply for the RF
section was 1.8 V provided by the on-chip DC-DC converter (for details, see the schematic of the BRD4153A). The transceiver was
operated in continuous carrier transmission mode. The output power of the radio was set to 13 dBm based on the conducted measurement.
The results are shown in the table below.
Table 7.1. Maximums of the Measured Radiated Powers of BRD4153A
2.4 GHz
EIRP [dBm]
Orientation
Margin [dB]
Limit in EIRP [dBm]
Fund
16.1
XZ/H
13.9
30
2nd
-52.1
XZ/H
14.5
-37.6
3rd
-57.3
XZ/H
20.3
-37.6
4th
Noise*
-/-
>20
-30
5th
Noise*
-/-
>10
-37.6
* Signal level is below the Spectrum Analyzer noise floor.
As it can be observed, thanks to the high gain of the Inverted-F antenna, the level of the fundamental is higher than 13 dBm. The strongest harmonic is the double-frequency one and thanks to the additional suppression provided by the C3 capacitor its level is only
around -50 dBm.
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EMC Compliance Recommendations
8. EMC Compliance Recommendations
8.1 Recommendations for 2.4 GHz ETSI EN 300-328 compliance
As it was shown in the previous chapter, the radiated power of the fundamental of the BRD4153A EFR32 Mighty Gecko Radio Board
complies with the 20 dBm limit of the ETSI EN 300-328 both in case of the conducted and the radiated measurements. The harmonic
emissions are under the -30 dBm limit. Although the BRD4153A Radio Board has an option for mounting a shielding can, that is not
required for the compliance.
8.2 Recommendations for 2.4 GHz FCC 15.247 compliance
As it was shown in the previous chapter, the radiated power of the fundamental of the BRD4153A EFR32 Mighty Gecko Radio Board
complies with the 30 dBm limit of the FCC 15.247. The harmonic emissions are under the -37.6 dBm applied limit both in case of the
conducted and the radiated measurements. Although the BRD4153A Radio Board has an option for mounting a shielding can, that is
not required for the compliance.
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Board Revisions
9. Board Revisions
Table 9.1. BRD4153A Radio Board Revisions
Radio Board Revision
Description
A01
Initial release
A02
Temp. sensor enabled.
A03
Updated EFR32 to revision C0.
Note: The silkscreen marking on the board (e.g., PCBxxxx A00) denotes the revision of the PCB. The revision of the actual Radio
Board can be read from the on-board EEPROM.
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Errata
10. Errata
Table 10.1. BRD4153A Radio Board Errata
Radio Board Revision
Problem
Description
A01
Temp. sensor disabled.
Temp. sensor enable resistor (R203) was mounted to the "disable" (R204) position.
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Document Revision History
11. Document Revision History
Revision 1.6
2016-11-20
Minor editorial updates
Revision 1.5
2016-10-31
Corrected error in radio board connector pinout diagram.
Revision 1.4
2016-05-24
Updating Board Revisions content.
Revision 1.3
2016-05-05
Adding Introduction chapter; moving SoC Description chapter (short ver.) to Block Description chapter. Minor improvements.
Revision 1.2
2016-02-11
Adding RF Section Power Supply chapter. Minor improvements.
Revision 1.1
2016-01-28
Fising image render problem.
Revision 1.0
2015-11-16
Initial document version.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. Radio Board Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1 Introduction.
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2.2 Radio Board Connector Pin Associations.
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3. Radio Board Block Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1 Introduction.
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3.2 Radio Board Block Diagram .
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3.3 Radio Board Block Description .
3.3.1 Wireless MCU . . . . . .
3.3.2 LF Crystal Oscillator (LFXO) .
3.3.3 HF Crystal Oscillator (HFXO) .
3.3.4 Matching Network for 2.4 GHz.
3.3.5 Inverted-F Antenna . . . .
3.3.6 UFL Connector . . . . . .
3.3.7 Radio Board Connectors . .
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4. RF Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1 Introduction.
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4.2 Schematic of the RF Matching Network . .
4.2.1 Description of the 2.4 GHz RF Matching .
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4.3 RF Section Power Supply .
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4.4 Bill of Materials for the 2.4 GHz Matching
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4.5 Inverted-F Antenna .
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5. Mechanical Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6. EMC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6.2 EMC Regulations for 2.4 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2.1 ETSI EN 300-328 Emission Limits for the 2400-2483.5 MHz Band
6.2.2 FCC15.247 Emission Limits for the 2400-2483.5 MHz Band. . .
6.2.3 Applied Emission Limits for the 2.4 GHz Band . . . . . . .
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7. RF Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7.1 Conducted Power Measurements . . . . . .
7.1.1 Conducted Measurements in the 2.4 GHz band .
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. 9
7.2 Radiated Power Measurements . . . . . .
7.2.1 Radiated Measurements in the 2.4 GHz band
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8. EMC Compliance Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
8.1 Recommendations for 2.4 GHz ETSI EN 300-328 compliance
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8.2 Recommendations for 2.4 GHz FCC 15.247 compliance
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9. Board Revisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12
Table of Contents
15
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10. Errata. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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11. Document Revision History
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14
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Table of Contents
16
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