Product Folder Sample & Buy Support & Community Tools & Software Technical Documents DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 DIR9001 96-kHz, 24-Bit Digital Audio Interface Receiver 1 Features 3 Description • The DIR9001 is a digital audio interface receiver that can receive a 28-kHz to 108-kHz samplingfrequency, 24-bit-data-word, biphase-encoded signal. The DIR9001 complies with IEC60958-3, JEITA CPR1205 (Revised version of EIAJ CP-1201), AES3, EBUtech3250, and it can be used in various applications that require a digital audio interface. 1 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • One-Chip Digital Audio Interface Receiver (DIR) Including Low-Jitter Clock-Recovery System Compliant With Digital Audio Interface Standards: IEC60958 (former IEC958), JEITA CPR-1205 (former EIAJ CP-1201, CP-340), AES3, EBU tech3250 Clock Recovery and Data Decode From Biphase Input Signal, Generally Called S/PDIF, EIAJ CP1201, IEC60958, AES/EBU Biphase Input Signal Sampling Frequency (fS) Range: 28 kHz to 108 kHz Low-Jitter Recovered System Clock: 50 ps Jitter Tolerance Compliant With IEC60958-3 Selectable Recovered System Clock: 128 fS, 256 fS, 384 fS, 512 fS Serial Audio Data Output Formats: 24-Bit I2S; MSB-First, 24-Bit Left-Justified; MSB-First 16-, 24Bit Right-Justified User Data, Channel-Status Data Outputs Synchronized With Decoded Serial Audio Data No External Clock Required for Decode Includes Actual Sampling Frequency Calculator (Needs External 24.576-MHz Clock) Function Control: Parallel (Hardware) Functions Similar and Pin Assignments Equivalent to Those of DIR1703 Single Power Supply: 3.3 V (2.7 V to 3.6 V) Wide Operating Temperature Range: –40°C to 85°C 5 V-Tolerant Digital Inputs Package: 28-pin TSSOP, Pin Pitch: 0,65 mm The DIR9001 supports many output system clock and output data formats and can be used flexibly in many application systems. As the all functions which the DIR9001 provides can be controlled directly through control pins, it can be used easily in an application system that does not have a microcontroller. Also, as dedicated pins are provided for the channel-status bit and user-data bit, processing of their information can be easily accomplished by connecting with a microcontroller, DSP, or others. The DIR9001 does not require an external clock source or resonator for decode operation if the internal actual-sampling-frequency calculator is not used. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost of a system. The operating temperature range of the DIR9001 is specified as –40°C to 85°C, which makes it suitable for automotive applications. Device Information PART NUMBER DIR9001 PACKAGE Block Diagram XTI 2 Applications AV/DVD Receiver, AV Amplifier Car or Mobile Audio System Digital Television Musical Instruments Recording Systems High-End Audio/Sound Card for PC Replacement of DIR1703 Other Applications Requiring S/PDIF Receiver 4.40 mm × 9.70 mm (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet. FILT • • • • • • • • BODY SIZE (NOM) TSSOP (28) XTO OSC Sampling Frequency Calculator FSOUT0 FSOUT1 Clock and Data Recovery SCKO RXIN Preamble Detector Charge Pump VCO Divider PLL BCKO Divider Clock Decoder LRCKO Biphase Data Decoder PSCK0 Function Control Decoder CKSEL Audio Data MUTE Control DGND PSCK1 Power Supply RESET VDD DGND VCC DOUT UOUT Channel Status and User Data Output RSV RST ERROR CLKST Serial Audio Data Formatter FMT0 FMT1 ERROR Detector COUT BFRAME AUDIO EMPH AGND 1 An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications, intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA. DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 5 Features .................................................................. Applications ........................................................... Description ............................................................. Revision History..................................................... Device Comparison Table..................................... 1 1 1 2 3 5.1 Differences From DIR1703 ....................................... 3 6 7 Pin Configuration and Functions ......................... 4 Specifications......................................................... 6 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 8 Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... 6 ESD Ratings.............................................................. 6 Recommended Operating Conditions....................... 6 Thermal Information .................................................. 7 Electrical Characteristics........................................... 7 Timing Requirements ................................................ 8 Switching Characteristics .......................................... 9 Typical Characteristics ............................................ 10 Detailed Description ............................................ 11 8.1 Overview ................................................................. 11 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 9 Functional Block Diagram ....................................... Feature Description................................................. Device Functional Modes........................................ Programming........................................................... 11 12 20 23 Application and Information ............................... 26 9.1 Application Information............................................ 26 9.2 Typical Application .................................................. 27 10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 29 11 Layout................................................................... 29 11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 29 11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 30 12 Device and Document Support.......................... 31 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 Community Resources.......................................... Trademarks ........................................................... Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................ Glossary ................................................................ 31 31 31 31 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information ........................................................... 31 4 Revision History Changes from Original (Dec 2006) to Revision A • 2 Page Added Pin Configuration and Functions section, ESD Ratings table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section .............................. 1 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 5 Device Comparison Table 5.1 Differences From DIR1703 The DIR9001 has many improved functions compared to the DIR1703. The DIR9001 functions are similar to those of the DIR1703. The DIR9001 pin assignment is equivalent to that of the DIR1703. The DIR9001 biphase input signal decoding function is almost equivalent to that of the DIR1703. The differences between the DIR9001 and DIR1703 are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Main Differences Between DIR1703 and DIR9001 DIFFERENCE DIR1703 DIR9001 Operational supply-voltage range 3 V to 3.6 V 2.7 V to 3.6 V Operation temperature range –25°C to 85°C –40°C to 85°C Package SSOP-28P, pin pitch: 0.65 mm TSSOP-28P, pin pitch: 0.65 mm Clock recovery architecture SpAct™ feature Conventional PLL IEC60958-3 jitter tolerance Not compliant Compliant IEC60958 sampling frequency accuracy Level II (±1000 ppm) Level III (±12.5%) Acceptable sampling frequency 32/44.1/48/88.2/96 kHz, ±1500 ppm 28 kHz to 108 kHz continuous Biphase input signal level CMOS level 5-V tolerant TTL level Connection of loop filter Between FILT pin and VCC Between FILT pin and AGND XTI source clock frequency One of the following clock sources or resonators must be connected to the XTI pin: 4.069/5.6448/6.144/ 8.192/11.2896/12.288/ 16.384/16.9344/18.432/ 22.5792/24.576-MHz Optional 24.576-MHz (24.576-MHz clock is only required to use the internal actualsampling-frequency calculator or use the DIR9001 as a 24.576-MHz clock generator.) BFRAME H period 32/fS 8/fS Channel status and user data Synchronous with LRCK transition 17-BCK delay from LRCK transition Latest tracked frequency hold Available Not available PLL mode clock at error Latest tracked frequency VCO free-running frequency Clock transition signal out CKTRNS pin, active H CLKST pin, active-high Oscillation amplifier External feedback resistor (typ. 1 MΩ) Internal feedback resistor The differences between the DIR1703 and DIR9001 I/O pins are shown in Table 2. Table 2. The Differences Between DIR1703 and DIR9001 in All I/O Pin PIN NO. DIR1703 DIR9001 DIFFERENCES 1 ADFLG AUDIO Pin name only Channel-status data information of non-audio sample word, active-low DESCRIPTIONS OF DIR9001 2 BRATE0 FSOUT0 Pin name only Actual-sampling-frequency calculated result output 0 3 BRATE1 FSOUT1 Pin name only Actual-sampling-frequency calculated result output 1 4 SCKO SCKO Same function System clock output 5 VDD VDD Same function Digital power supply, 3.3-V 6 DGND DGND Same function Digital ground 7 XTO XTO Same function Oscillation amplifier output 8 XTI XTI Same function Oscillation amplifier input, or external XTI source clock input 9 CKTRNS CLKST CLKST is active-high 10 LRCKO LRCKO Same function Audio data latch enable output 11 BCKO BCKO Same function Audio data bit clock output 12 DOUT DOUT Same function 16 bit–24 bit decoded serial digital audio data output 13 SCF0 PSCK0 Pin name only SCKO output frequency selection 0 14 SCF1 PSCK1 Pin name only SCKO output frequency selection 1 15 CSBIT COUT Pin name only Channel-status data serial output synchronized with LRCKO Clock change/transition signal output Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 3 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com Table 2. The Differences Between DIR1703 and DIR9001 in All I/O Pin (continued) PIN NO. DIR1703 DIR9001 DIFFERENCES 16 URBIT UOUT Pin name only User data serial output synchronized with LRCKO DESCRIPTIONS OF DIR9001 17 EMFLG EMPH Pin name only Channel-status data Information of pre-emphasis (50 μs/15 μs) 18 BFRAME BFRAME Same function Indication of top block of biphase input signal 19 BRSEL RSV Reserved 20 DIN RXIN Pin name only Biphase digital data input 21 RST RST Same function Reset control input, active-low 22 FILT FILT Same function External filter connection terminal. Recommended filter must be connected. 23 AGND AGND Same function Analog ground 24 VCC VCC Same function Analog power supply, 3.3-V 25 FMT0 FMT0 Same function Decoded serial digital audio data output format selection 0 26 FMT1 FMT1 Same function Decoded serial digital audio data output format selection 1 27 UNLOCK ERROR Pin name only Indication of internal PLL or data parity error 28 CKSEL CKSEL Same function Selection of system clock source, Low: PLL (VCO) clock, High: XTI clock Reserved, must be connected to DGND 6 Pin Configuration and Functions DIR9001 (TOP VIEW) 4 CKSEL 28 ERROR 27 1 AUDIO 2 FSOUT0 3 FSOUT1 FMT1 26 4 SCKO FMT0 5 VDD 6 DGND 7 25 VCC 24 AGND 23 XTO FILT 22 8 XTI RST 21 9 CLKST RXIN 20 10 LRCKO RSV 19 11 BCKO BFRAME 18 12 DOUT EMPH 17 13 PSCK0 UOUT 16 14 PSCK1 COUT 15 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 Pin Functions PIN I/O PULL UP/DOWN REMARKS DESCRIPTION NAME NO. AGND 23 – AUDIO 1 OUT CMOS Channel-status data information of non-audio sample word, active-low BCKO 11 OUT CMOS Audio data bit clock output BFRAME 18 OUT CMOS Indication of top block of biphase input signal CKSEL 28 IN CLKST 9 OUT CMOS Clock change/transition signal output COUT 15 OUT CMOS Channel-status data serial output synchronized with LRCKO DGND 6 – DOUT 12 OUT CMOS 16-bit/24-bit decoded serial digital audio data output EMPH 17 OUT CMOS Channel-status data information of pre-emphasis (50 μs/15 μs) ERROR 27 OUT CMOS Indication of internal PLL or data parity error FILT 22 – FMT0 25 IN Pulldown 5-V tolerant TTL Decoded serial digital audio data output format selection 0 (1) FMT1 26 IN Pulldown 5-V tolerant TTL Decoded serial digital audio data output format selection 1 (1) FSOUT0 2 OUT CMOS Actual sampling frequency calculated result output 0 FSOUT1 3 OUT CMOS Actual sampling frequency calculated result output 1 LRCKO 10 OUT CMOS Audio data latch enable output PSCK0 13 IN Pulldown 5-V tolerant TTL PLL source SCKO output frequency selection 0(1) PSCK1 14 IN Pulldown 5-V tolerant TTL PLL source SCKO output frequency selection 1 (1) RST 21 IN Pullup 5-V tolerant TTL Reset control input, active-low RSV 19 IN Pulldown RXIN 20 IN 5-V tolerant TTL SCKO 4 OUT CMOS System clock output UOUT 16 OUT CMOS User data serial output synchronized with LRCKO VCC 24 – Analog power supply, 3.3-V VDD 5 – Digital power supply, 3.3-V XTI 8 IN CMOS Schmitt-trigger XTO 7 OUT CMOS (1) (2) (3) Analog ground Pulldown 5-V tolerant TTL Selection of system clock source, Low: PLL (VCO) clock, High: XTI clock (1) Digital ground External filter connection terminal; must connect recommended filter. (2) Reserved, must be connected to DGND(1) Biphase digital data input (3) Oscillation amplifier input, or external XTI source clock input Oscillation amplifier output TTL Schmitt-trigger input with internal pulldown (51 kΩ typical), 5-V tolerant TTL Schmitt-trigger input with internal pullup (51 kΩ typical), 5-V tolerant TTL Schmitt-trigger input, 5-V tolerant. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 5 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com 7 Specifications 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) MIN MAX UNIT Supply voltage –0.3 4 V VCC to VDD Supply voltage differences –0.1 0.1 V AGND to DGND Ground voltage differences –0.1 0.1 V VCC VDD Tstg (1) Digital input voltage Digital input –0.3 6.5 Digital output –0.3 (VDD + 0.3) < 4 Analog input voltage XTI, XTO –0.3 (VCC + 0.3) < 4 FILT –0.3 (VCC + 0.3) < 4 V V Input current (any pins except supplies) –10 10 mA Ambient temperature under bias –40 125 °C Junction temperature 150 °C Lead temperature (soldering) 260 °C Package temperature (reflow, peak) 260 °C 150 °C Storage temperature –55 Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 7.2 ESD Ratings VALUE Human body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 V(ESD) (1) (2) Electrostatic discharge (1) UNIT ±500 Charged-device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22C101 (2) V ±250 JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. 7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) MIN NOM MAX UNIT VCC Analog supply voltage 2.7 3.3 3.6 VDC VDD Digital supply voltage 2.7 3.3 3.6 VDC Digital input clock frequency TA 6 XTI is connected to clock source XTI is connected to DGND 24.576 MHz Not required MHz Digital output load capacitance, except SCKO 20 pF Digital output load capacitance (SCKO) 10 pF 85 °C Operating free-air temperature –40 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 7.4 Thermal Information DR9001 THERMAL METRIC (1) TSSOP (PW) UNIT 28 PINS RθJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 81.9 °C/W RθJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 22.5 °C/W RθJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 40 °C/W ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 0.7 °C/W ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 39.4 °C/W (1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953. 7.5 Electrical Characteristics All specifications at TA = 25°C, VDD = VCC = 3.3 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS VIH VIL VIH VIL VOH VOL IIH IIL IIH IIL IIH IIL 0.7 VDD Input logic level (1) 2 Input logic level (2) Output logic level (3) Input leakage current (4) Input leakage current (5) Input leakage current (6) VDD VDC 0.3 VDD 5.5 VDC 0.8 IO = 4 mA 0.85 VDD IO = –4 mA VDC 0.15 VDD VIN = VDD 65 100 VIN = 0 V –10 10 VIN = VDD –10 10 VIN = 0 V –100 VIN = VDD –10 10 VIN = 0 V –10 10 μA μA –65 μA BIPHASE SIGNAL INPUT AND PLL Jitter tolerance — (IEC60958-3) IEC60958-3 (2003-01) Compliant RECOVERED CLOCK AND DATA Serial audio data width SCKO jitter 16 fS = 48 kHz, SCKO = 256 fS, measured periodic 50 24 Bit 100 ps rms 100 ppm XTI SOURCE CLOCK Frequency accuracy XTI is connected to clock source –100 POWER SUPPLY AND SUPPLY CURRENT VCC VDD ICC 2.7 3.3 3.6 2.7 3.3 3.6 fS = 96 kHz, PLL locked, XTI connected to DGND 6 8.3 mA fS = 96 kHz, PLL locked, XTI connected to 24.576-MHz resonator 6 8.3 mA Operation voltage range Supply current (7) RXIN = H or L, XTI = L, RST = L (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 130 VDC μA CMOS compatible input: XTI (not 5-V tolerant) 5-V tolerant TTL inputs: RXIN, FMT0, FMT1, PSCK0, PSCK1, CKSEL, RST, RSV CMOS outputs: XTO, SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO, DOUT, UOUT, COUT, BFRAME, ERROR, CLKST, AUDIO, EMPH, FSOUT0, FSOUT1 Internal pulldowns: FMT0, FMT1, PSCK0, PSCK1, CKSEL, RSV Internal pullup: RST No internal pullup and pulldown: RXIN, XTI No load connected to SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO, DOUT, COUT, VOUT, BFRAME, FSOUT0, FSOUT1, CLKST, ERROR, EMPH, AUDIO Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 7 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com Electrical Characteristics (continued) All specifications at TA = 25°C, VDD = VCC = 3.3 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER Supply current (7) IDD Power dissipation (7) PD TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT fS = 96 kHz, PLL locked, XTI connected to DGND 6 8.3 mA fS = 96 kHz, PLL locked, XTI connected to 24.576-MHz resonator 9 12.4 mA μA RXIN = H or L, XTI = L, RST = L 72 fS = 96 kHz, PLL locked, XTI connected to DGND 40 55 mW fS = 96 kHz, PLL locked, XTI connected to 24.576-MHz resonator 50 68 mW RXIN = H or L, XTI = L, RST = L 0.67 mW TEMPERATURE RANGE TA Operation temperature range θJA Thermal resistance –40 85 28-pin T-SSOP 105 °C °C/W 7.6 Timing Requirements All specifications at TA = 25°C, VDD = VCC = 3.3 V (unless otherwise noted) MIN NOM MAX UNIT 108 kHz BIPHASE SIGNAL INPUT AND PLL Input sampling frequency range 28 XTI SOURCE CLOCK XTI is connected to clock source XTI source clock frequency XTI is connected to DGND XTI input-clock duty cycle 24.576 MHz Not required XTI is connected to clock source 45% 55% 4 20 CLKST tCLKST CLKST pulse duration, high μs LATENCY tLATE LRCKO/DOUT latency See Figure 14 3/fS s DATA OUTPUT (1) tSCY System clock pulse cycle time tSCBC Delay time of SCK rising edge to BCK rising edge tCKLR Delay time of BCKO falling edge to LRCKO valid tBCY BCKO pulse cycle time tBCH BCKO pulse duration, HIGH 60 tBCL BCKO pulse duration, LOW 60 tBCDO Delay time of BCKO falling edge to DOUT valid –5 tr tf (1) 8 18 4 –5 See Figure 16 ns 8 15 ns 0.5 0.5 ns 1/64fS s ns ns 1 5 ns Rising time of all signals 10 ns Falling time of all signals 10 ns Load capacitance of the LRCKO, BCKO, and DOUT pins is 20 pF. DOUT, LRCKO, and BCKO are synchronized with SCKO. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 7.7 Switching Characteristics All specifications at TA = 25°C, VDD = VCC = 3.3 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 100 ms BIPHASE SIGNAL INPUT AND PLL PLL lock-up time From biphase signal detection to error-out release (ERROR = L) RECOVERED CLOCK AND DATA SCKO frequency 128 fS 3.584 13.824 256 fS 7.168 27.648 384 fS 10.752 41.472 MHz 512 fS 14.336 55.296 BCKO frequency 64 fS 1.792 6.912 MHz LRCKO frequency fS 28 108 kHz 45% 55% SCKO duty cycle Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 9 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com 7.8 Typical Characteristics Oscillation amplifier operating with crystal; 1-kHz, 0-dB, sine-wave data; no load 20 20 VCC = VDD = 3.3 V SCKO = 256 fS 18 ICC + IDD − Supply Current − mA 18 ICC + IDD − Supply Current − mA TA = 25°C SCKO = 256 fS 16 14 85°C 12 –40°C 50°C 25°C –25°C 10 0°C 16 14 3.3 V 3.6 V 12 10 2.7 V 3V 8 8 6 6 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 30 100 fS − Sampling Frequency − kHz 40 50 60 70 80 fS − Sampling Frequency − kHz G001 Figure 1. Supply Current vs Locked Sampling Frequency 90 100 G002 Figure 2. Supply Current vs Locked Sampling Frequency 200 VCC = VDD = 3.3 V TA = 25°C 180 Periodic Jitter − ps rms 160 128 fS 140 120 256 fS 100 80 384 fS 512 fS 60 40 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 fS − Sampling Frequency − kHz 90 100 G003 Figure 3. Scko Jitter vs Locked Sampling Frequency 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 8 Detailed Description 8.1 Overview The DIR9001 is a digital audio interface receiver that can receive a 28-kHz to 108-kHz sampling frequency, 24bit-data-word, biphase-encoded signal and output a serial audio signal. The DIR9001 complies with the jitter specification IEC60958-3, JEITA CPR1205 (Revised version of EIAJ CP-1201), AES3, EBUtech3250, and it can be used in various applications that require a digital audio interface. The DIR9001 supports MSB-first PCM data output in 24-bit I2S, 24-bit left justified, 24-bit right justified, or 16-bit right justified form. Sampling rates of 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, and 96 kHz are supported on the serial audio data output when in PLL mode. All functions which the DIR9001 provides can be controlled directly through control pins. This means that they can be pulled high or low for full operation of the DIR9001 without a microcontroller. A microcontroller can also be used to drive the function pins to provide an adaptable system. Also, as dedicated pins are provided for the channel-status bit and user-data bit, processing of their information can be easily accomplished by connecting with a microcontroller, DSP, and so on. The DIR9001 can derive a system clock by recovering the source’s clock from the biphase input signal. Therefore, the DIR9001 does not require an external clock source or resonator for decode operation if the internal actual-sampling-frequency calculator is not used which in turn can reduce the system cost. The serial audio data output can also be driven by an external source such as a crystal or ceramic resonator. The operating temperature range of the DIR9001 is specified as –40°C to 85°C, which makes it suitable for automotive applications. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram FILT XTI XTO OSC Sampling Frequency Calculator FSOUT0 FSOUT1 Clock and Data Recovery SCKO RXIN Charge Pump Preamble Detector VCO Divider PLL BCKO Divider Clock Decoder LRCKO Biphase Data Decoder PSCK0 Function Control Decoder CKSEL Audio Data MUTE Control DGND PSCK1 Power Supply RESET VDD DGND VCC DOUT UOUT Channel Status and User Data Output RSV RST ERROR CLKST Serial Audio Data Formatter FMT0 FMT1 ERROR Detector COUT BFRAME AUDIO EMPH AGND Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 11 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com 8.3 Feature Description 8.3.1 Acceptable Biphase Input Signal and Biphase Input Pin (RXIN) The DIR9001 can decode the biphase signal format which is specified in one of the following standards. Generally, these following standards may be called Sony/Philips digital interface format (S/PDIF) or AES/EBU. • IEC60958 (revised edition of former IEC958) • JEITA CPR-1205 (revised edition of former EIAJ CP-1201, CP-340) • AES3 • EBU tech3250 The sampling frequency range and data word length which DIR9001 can decode is as follows: • Sampling frequency range is 28 kHz to 108 kHz. • Maximum audio sample word length is 24-bit. Note of others about the biphase input signal. • The capture ratio of the built-in PLL complies with level III of sampling frequency accuracy (±12.5%), which is specified in IEC60958-3. • The jitter tolerance of the DIR9001 complies with IEC60958-3. • The PLL may also lock in outside of the specified sampling-frequency range, but extended range is not assured. Notice about the signal level and transmission line of the biphase input signal. • The signal level and the transmission line (optical, differential, single-ended) are different in each standard. • The biphase input signal is connected to the RXIN pin of the DIR9001. • The RXIN pin has a 5-V tolerant TTL-level input. • An optical receiver module (optical to electric converter) such as TOSLINK, which is generally used in consumer applications, is connected directly to the RXIN pin without added external components. • The output waveform of the optical receiver module varies depending on the characteristics of each product type, so a dumping resistor or buffer amplifier might be required between the optical receiver module output and the DIR9001 input. Careful handling is required if the optical receiver module and the DIR9001 are separated by a long distance. • The DIR9001 needs an external amplifier if it is connected to a coaxial transmission line. • The DIR9001 needs an external differential to single-ended converter, attenuator, etc., for general consumer applications if non-optical transmission line is used. 8.3.2 System Reset The DIR9001 reset function is controlled by and external reset pin, RST. The reset operation must be performed during the power-up sequence as shown in Figure 4. Specifically, the DIR9001 requires reset operation with a 100-ns period after the supply voltage rises above 2.7 V. 2.7 V VDD RST DIR9001 Status Unknown Operation Reset Min. 100 ns Figure 4. Required System Reset Timing 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 Feature Description (continued) The state of each output pins during reset is shown in Table 3. Table 3. Output-Pin States During Reset Period CLASSIFICATION PIN NAME WHILE RST = L BCKO L Clock LRCKO L SCKO L Data Flag and status Oscillation amplifier DOUT L AUDIO L BFRAME L CLKST L COUT L EMPH L ERROR H FSOUT0 L FSOUT1 L UOUT L XTO Output 8.3.3 Clock Description 8.3.3.1 System Clock Source DIR9001 has the following two clock sources for the system clock. • PLL source (128 fS, 256 fS, 384 fS, 512 fS are available, recovered by built-in PLL) • XTI source (One 24.576-MHz resonator or external clock source is required.) Two clock sources are used for the following purpose. • PLL source: Recovered system clock from the biphase input signal • XTI source: Clock source for peripheral devices (for example, A/D converter, microcontroller, etc.) Measurement reference clock for the internal actual-sampling-frequency calculator Description of PLL clock source • The PLL clock source is the output clock of built-in PLL (including VCO). • The PLL clock source frequency is selectable from 128 fS, 256 fS, 384 fS, 512 fS by PSCK[1:0]. • When the PLL is in the locked condition, the PLL clock source is the clock recovered from the biphase input signal. • When PLL is in the unlocked condition, the PLL clock source is the built-in free-running clock of the VCO. • The frequency of the PLL clock source in the unlocked condition is not constant. (The VCO free-running frequency is dependent on supply voltage, temperature, and variations in the die’s wafer.) Description of XTI clock source • The XTI clock source is not used to recover the clock and decode data from the biphase input signal. • Therefore, if the DIR9001 is used only for recovering the clock and decoding data from the biphase input signal, an XTI clock source is not required. In this case, the XTI pin must be connected to the DGND pin. (The DIR9001 does not have a selection pin for using an XTI clock source or not using one.) The selection method of clock source • The output clock is selected from two clock sources by the level of the CKSEL pin. • The selection of the system clock source depends only on the input level of CKSEL pin. • CKSEL = L setting is required for recovering the clock and decoding data from biphase input. • CKSEL = H setting is required for XTI clock source output. • The continuity of clock during the clock source transition between the XTI source and the PLL source is not Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 13 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com assured. Method of automatic clock source selection (CLOCK SOURCE MODE: AUTO) • This method enables selection of the clock source automatically, using the DIR9001 ERROR status. The PLL source clock is output when ERROR = L; the XTI source is output when ERROR = H. • To enable automatic clock source selection, the CKSEL pin must be connected to the ERROR pin. • If XTI clock source is needed during the ERROR period, this method is recommended. • Because the clock source during ERROR status is XTI, if an XTI clock source is not provided to the XTI pin, then SCKO, BCKO, and LRCKO are not output during the ERROR period. The relationship between the clock/data source and the combination of CKSEL pin and PLL status inputs is shown in Table 12. The clock tree system is shown in Figure 5. [PSCK1] [PSCK0] RXIN VCO 1/N CKSEL (I) Built-in PLL Clock Recovery PLL Clock Source 1/N SCKO (O) 1/N BCKO (O) XTI (I) LRCKO (O) 1/4 XTO (O) Oscillation Amplifier 1/64 Clock Source Selector XTI Clock Source Figure 5. Clock Tree Diagram 8.3.4 PLL Clock Source (Built-In PLL and VCO) Description The DIR9001 has on-chip PLL (including VCO) for recovering the clock from the biphase input signal. The clock that is output from the built-in VCO is defined as the PLL clock source. In the locked state, the built-in PLL generates a system clock that synchronizes with the biphase input signal. In the unlocked state, the built-in PLL (VCO) generates a free-running clock. (The frequency is not constant.) The PLL can support a system clock of 128 fS, 256 fS, 384 fS, or 512 fS, where fS is the sampling frequency of the biphase input signal. The system clock frequency of the PLL is selected by PSCK[1:0]. The DIR9001 can decode a biphase input signal through its sampling-frequency range of 28 kHz to 108 kHz, independent of the setting of PSCK[1:0]. Therefore, the DIR9001 can decode a biphase input signal with a sampling frequency from 28 kHz to 108 kHz at all settings of PSCK[1:0] The relationship between the PSCK[1:0] selection and the output clock (SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO) from the PLL source is shown in Table 4. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 Table 4. SCKO, BCKO, and LRCKO Frequencies Set by PSCK[1:0] PSCK[1:0] SETTING PSCK1 OUTPUT CLOCK FROM PLL SOURCE PSCK0 SCKO BCKO LRCKO L L 128 fS 64 fS fS L H 256 fS 64 fS fS H L 384 fS 64 fS fS H H 512 fS 64 fS fS In PLL mode (CKSEL = L), output clocks (SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO) are generated from the PLL source clock. The relationship between frequencies of LRCKO, BCKO, and SCKO at different sampling frequencies fS of the biphase input signal are shown in Table 5. Table 5. Output Clock Frequency in PLL Locked State (CKSEL = L) LRCKO BCKO fS 64 fS 128 fS SCKO (DEPENDING ON PSCK[1:0] SETTING) 256 fS 384 fS 512 fS 32 kHz 2.048 MHz 4.096 MHz 8.192 MHz 12.288 MHz 16.384 MHz 44.1 kHz 2.8224 MHz 5.6448 MHz 11.2896 MHz 16.9344 MHz 22.5792 MHz 48 kHz 3.072 MHz 6.144 MHz 12.288 MHz 18.432 MHz 24.576 MHz 88.2 kHz 5.6448 MHz 11.2896 MHz 22.5792 MHz 33.8688 MHz 45.1584 MHz 96 kHz 6.144 MHz 12.288 MHz 24.576 MHz 36.864 MHz 49.152 MHz 8.3.5 Required PLL Loop Filter Description The DIR9001 incorporates a PLL for generating a clock synchronized with the biphase input signal. The built-in PLL requires an external loop filter, which is specified as follows. Operation and performance is assured for recommended filter components R1, C1, and C2. Notes about Loop Filter Components and Layout • The resistor and capacitors which comprise the filter should be located and routed as close as possible to the DIR9001. • A carbon film resistor or metal film resistor, with tolerance less than 5%, is recommended. • Film capacitors, with tolerance is less than 5%, is recommended. • If ceramic capacitors are used for C1 and C2, parts with a low voltage coefficient and low temperature coefficient, such as CH or C0G, are recommended. • The external loop filter must be placed on FILT pins. • The GND node of the external loop filter must be directly connected with the AGND pin of the DIR9001; it must be not combined with other signals. The configuration of external loop filter and the connection with the DIR9001 is shown in Figure 6. DIR9001 PLL Section Charge Pump VCO AGND FILT DGND C2 R1 C1 Figure 6. Loop Filter Connection Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 15 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com The recommended values of loop filter components is shown in Table 6. Table 6. Recommended Value of Loop Filter Components REF. NO. RECOMMENDED VALUE PARTS TYPE TOLERANCE R1 680 Ω Metal film or carbon ≤5% C1 0.068 μF Film or ceramic (CH or C0G) ≤5% C2 0.0047 μF Film or ceramic (CH or C0G) ≤5% 8.3.6 XTI Clock Source and Oscillation Amplifier Description This clock, driven by the built-in oscillation amplifier or input into the XTI pin from an external clock, is defined as the XTI source. A 24.576-MHz fundamental resonator or external 24.576-MHz clock is used as the XTI source. The DIR9001 requires an XTI source for following purposes: • The measurement reference clock of actual-sampling-frequency calculator • The clock source for the XTI source mode (CKSEL = H setting) (That is, the DIR9001 does not require an XTI source if it is only decoding the biphase input signal.) The XTI clock source is supplied in one of the following two ways; the details are described in Figure 7. • Setting up an oscillation circuit by connecting a resonator with the built-in amplifier • Applying a clock from an external oscillator circuit or oscillator module To • • • • • set up an oscillation circuit by connecting a resonator with the built-in amplifier: Connect a 24.576-MHz resonator between the XTI pin and XTO pin. The resonator should be a fundamental-mode type. A crystal resonator or ceramic resonator can be used. The load capacitor CL1, CL2, and the current-limiting resistor Rd depend on the characteristics of the resonator. No external feedback resistor between the XTI pin and XTO pin is required, as an appropriate resistor is incorporated in the device. No load other than the resonator is allowed on the XTO pin. To • • • connect an external oscillator circuit or oscillator module: Provide a 24.576-MHz clock on the XTI pin Note that the XTI pin is not 5-V tolerant; it is simple CMOS input. The XTO pin must be open. • Crystal OSC Circuit Resonator XTI CL1 Rd 24.576 MHz Internal Clock XTI External Clock Must Be Open XTO CL2 Crystal OSC Circuit 24.576 MHz Internal Clock XTO DIR9001 DIR9001 Resonator Connection External Clock Input Connection Figure 7. XTI and XTO Connection Diagram Description of oscillation amplifier operation: • The built-in oscillation amplifier is always working. • If the XTI source clock is not used, then the XTI pin must be connected to DGND. • For reducing power dissipation, it is recommended to not use the XTI source clock. In XTI mode (CKSEL = H), output clocks (SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO) are generated from XTI source clock. The relation between output clock frequency (SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO) and the XSCK pin setting in XTI source mode is shown in Table 7. 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 Table 7. SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO Output Frequency at XTI Mode XTI FREQUENCY OUTPUT CLOCK FREQUENCY IN XTI SOURCE MODE (CKSEL = H) 24.576 MHz SCKO BCKO LRCKO 24.576 MHz 6.144 MHz 96 kHz 8.3.7 Channel-Status Data and User Data Serial Outputs The DIR9001 can output channel-status data and user data synchronized with audio data from the biphase input signal. Each output data has its own dedicated output pin. Channel-status data (C, hereinafter) is output through COUT pin. User data (U, hereinafter) is output through UOUT pin. The C and U outputs are synchronized with LRCKO recovered from the biphase input signal. The polarity of LRCKO recovered from the biphase input signal depends on FMT[1:0] setting. For detecting the top of the block of channel-status data or user data, the BFRAME pin is provided. The BFRAME pin outputs a high level for an 8-LRCK period if the preamble B is detected in the received biphase signal. In processing these data by a microcontroller or register circuit, LRCKO is used as the data input clock, and the output pulse on the BFRAME pin is used as the top-of-block signal. The relationship among LRCKO, BFRAME, DOUT, COUT, and UOUT is shown in Figure 8. When in the XTI mode and the PLL-locked state, COUT and UOUT output L. Recovered LRCKO 2 (I S) Recovered LRCKO 2 (Except I S) 17 BCK BFRAME DOUT 191R 0L 0R 1L 1R 2L 3L 2R COUT C191R C0L C0R C1L C1R C2L C2R UOUT U191R U0L U0R U1L U1R U2L U2R NOTE: The numbers 0 through 191 of DOUT, COUT, and UOUT indicate frame numbers of the biphase input. Figure 8. LRCKO, DOUT, BFRAME, COUT, UOUT Output Timing 8.3.8 Channel-Status Data Information Output Terminal The DIR9001 can output part of the channel-status information (bit 1, bit 3) through two dedicated pins, AUDIO and EMPH. The channel-status information which can be output from dedicated pins is limited to information from the Lchannel. If channel-status information other than AUDIO or EMPH is required, or information from the R-channel, then the channel-status data on the COUT pin, which is synchronized with biphase input signal, can be used. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 17 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com These outputs are synchronized with the top of block. The information that can be output through the dedicated pins is shown as follows. 8.3.8.1 AUDIO Pin This is the output pin for the audio sample word information of the channel-status data bit 1. Table 8. Audio Sample Word Information AUDIO DESCRIPTION L Audio sample word represents linear PCM samples. H Audio sample word is used for other purposes. 8.3.8.2 EMPH Pin This is the output pin for the emphasis information of the channel-status data bit 3. Table 9. Pre-Emphasis Information EMPH DESCRIPTION L Two audio channels without pre-emphasis H Two audio channels with 50 μs / 15 μs pre-emphasis LRCKO 2 (I S) LRCKO 2 (Except I S) DOUT 191R 0L 0R 1L 1R 2L AUDIO Bit 1 of Previous Block EMPH Bit 3 of Previous Block 2R 3L NOTE: The numbers 0 through 191 of DOUT indicate frame numbers of the biphase input. Figure 9. AUDIO and EMPH Output Timing 8.3.9 Errors And Error Processing 8.3.9.1 Error Output Description Error detection and data error processing for PLL errors • PLL responds with unlock for data in which the rule of biphase encoding is lost (biphase error and framelength error). • PLL responds with unlock for data in which the preamble B, M, W can not be detected. Error processing function and error output pins • The DIR9001 has a data error detect function and an error output pin, ERROR. • The ERROR pin is defined as the logical OR of data error and parity error detection. • The ERROR rising edge is synchronized with CLKST. • The ERROR falling edge is synchronized with LRCK. The relationship between data error and detected parity error is shown in Figure 10. 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 DIR9001 Data Error Detected Parity Error ERROR Output Figure 10. ERROR Output The state of the ERROR pin and the details of error are shown in Table 10. Table 10. State of ERROR Output Pin ERROR DESCRIPTION L Lock state of PLL and nondetection of parity error H Unlock state of PLL or detection of parity error 8.3.9.2 Parity Error Processing Error detection and error processing for parity errors • For PCM data, interpolation processing by previous data is performed. • For non-PCM data, interpolation is not performed and data is directly output with no processing. (Non-PCM data is data with channel-status data bit 1 = 1.) The processing for parity error occurrence is shown in Figure 11. [AUDIO = L] Internal LOCK AUDIO 2 LRCKO (I S) ERROR DOUT MUTE (Low) Ln Rn Ln+1 Rn+1 Ln+1 Rn+2 Ln+3 Rn+3 Interpolation Processing by Previous Data [AUDIO = H] Parity Error Internal LOCK AUDIO 2 LRCKO (I S) ERROR DOUT MUTE (Low) Ln Rn Ln+1 Rn+1 Ln+2 Rn+2 Ln+3 Rn+3 Parity Error Figure 11. Processing for Parity Error Occurrence 8.3.9.3 Other Error Error for sampling frequency change: A rapid continuous change or a discontinuous change of the input sampling frequency causes the PLL to lose lock. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 19 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com 8.3.10 Calculation of Actual Sampling Frequency The DIR9001 calculates the actual sampling frequency of the biphase input signal and outputs its result through dedicated pins. To use this function, a 24.576-MHz clock source must be supplied to the XTI pin. The 24.576-MHz clock is used as a measurement reference clock to calculate the actual sampling frequency. If the XTI pin is connected to DGND, calculation of the actual sampling frequency is not performed. If there is an error in the XTI clock frequency, the calculation result and range are shifted correspondingly. This output is the result of calculating the sampling frequency, it is not the sampling frequency information of the channel-status data (bit 24–bit 27). The sampling frequency information of the channel-status data (bit 24–bit 27) is not output through these pins. The calculation result is decoded into 2-bit data, which is output on the FSOUT[1:0] pins. If the PLL is locked but the sampling frequency is out-of-range, or if the PLL is unlocked, FSOUT[1:0] = HL is output to indicate an abnormality. When the XTI source clock is not supplied before power on, FSOUT [1:0] always outputs LL. When the XTI source clock is stopped, the fS calculator holds the last value of the fS calculator result. If XTI source clock is supplied, the fS calculator resumes operation. The calculated value is held until reset. The relationship between the FSOUT[1:0] outputs and the range of sampling frequencies is shown in Table 11. Table 11. Calculated Sampling Frequency Output CALCULATED SAMPLING FREQUENCY OUTPUT NOMINAL fS ACTUAL SAMPLING FREQUENCY RANGE Out of range Out of range or PLL unlocked H L 32 kHz 31.2 kHz–32.8 kHz H H 44.1 kHz 43 kHz–45.2 kHz L L 48 kHz 46.8 kHz–49.2 kHz L H FSOUT1 FSOUT0 8.4 Device Functional Modes 8.4.1 Operation Mode and Clock Transition Signal Out 8.4.1.1 Operation Mode The DIR9001 has the following three operation modes. These modes are selected by the connection of the CKSEL pin. • PLL MODE: For demodulating a biphase input signal; always outputs PLL source clock • XTI MODE: For clock generator; always outputs XTI source clock • AUTO MODE: Automatic clock source selection; output source depends on ERROR pin. Notes about operation mode selection: • Normally, the PLL mode: CKSEL = L is selected to decode a biphase input signal. • The XTI mode is a mode that supplies the XTI source clock to peripheral devices (A/D converters, etc); therefore, recovered clock and decoded data is not output. • When the XTI source is not used, an XTI source is not required. In this case, clocks are not output in the XTI mode. • At the time of XTI mode selection, biphase decode function continues to operate. Therefore, the biphase input status (ERROR) and the result of the sampling frequency calculator (a required XTI source for operation), are always monitored. That is, the following output pins: ERROR, BFRAME, FSOUT[1:0], CLKST, AUDIO and EMPH are always enabled. 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 Device Functional Modes (continued) The details of these three modes are given in Table 12. Table 12. Operation Mode and Clock Source OPERATION MODE CKSEL PIN SETTING PLL L (1) XTI H AUTO Connected to ERROR pin ERROR PIN STATUS SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO CLOCK SOURCE DOUT DATA AUDIO EMPH FSOUT [1:0] BFRAME COUT UOUT H PLL (VCO) free-running clock (1) MUTE (Low) LOW HL LOW LOW L PLL recovered clock Decoded data OUT OUT OUT OUT H XTI clock MUTE (Low) LOW HL LOW LOW L XTI clock MUTE (Low) OUT OUT OUT LOW H XTI clock MUTE (Low) LOW HL LOW LOW L PLL recovered clock Decoded data OUT OUT OUT OUT The VCO free-running frequency is not a constant frequency, because the VCO oscillation frequency is dependent on supply voltage, temperature, and process variations. FILT XTI XTO OSC Sampling Frequency Calculator FSOUT0 FSOUT1 Clock and Data Recovery SCKO RXIN Charge Pump Preamble Detector VCO Divider PLL BCKO Divider Clock Decoder LRCKO Biphase Data Decoder ERROR Detector ERROR CLKST Decoder CKSEL Serial Audio Data Formatter Audio Data MUTE Control DOUT DGND Figure 12. Clock Source, Source Selector and Data Path 8.4.1.2 Clock Transition Signal Out The DIR9001 provides an output pulse that is synchronized with the PLL’s LOCK/UNLOCK status change. The CLKST pin outputs the PLL status change between LOCK and UNLOCK. The CLKST output pulse depends only on the status change of the PLL. This clock change/transition signal is output through CLKST. As this signal indicates a clock transition period due to a PLL status change, it can be used for muting or other appropriate functions in an application. A clock source selection caused by the CLKSEL pin does not affect the output of CLKST. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 21 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com CLKST does change due to PLL status change even if CKSEL = H in the XTI source mode. When DIR9001 is reset in the state where it is locked to the biphase input signal, the pulse signal of CLKST is not output. That is, the priority of reset is higher than CLKST. The relation among the lock-in/unlock process, the CLKST and ERROR outputs, the output clocks (SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO), and data (DOUT) is shown in Figure 13. DIR9001 Status RXIN Non-Biphase Built-In PLL Status Biphase Non-Biphase Unlock Lock Unlock CLKST tCLKST tCLKST ERROR Lock Up Time PLL Mode [CKSEL = Low] XTI Source XTO SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO PLL Source (Free-Run) DOUT PLL Source (Transition) MUTE (Low) PLL Source (Lock Frequency) PLL Source (Transition) PLL Source (Free-Run) MUTE (Low) Demodulated Data XTI Mode [CKSEL = High] XTO XTI Source SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO XTI Source Always MUTE (Low) DOUT AUTO Mode [CKSEL = ERROR] XTO SCKO, BCKO, LRCKO DOUT XTI Source XTI Source MUTE (Low) PLL Source XTI Source MUTE (Low) Demodulated Data Note: means clock source change. Figure 13. Lock-In and Unlock Process 22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 8.5 Programming 8.5.1 Data Description 8.5.1.1 Decoded Serial Audio Data Output and Interface Format The DIR9001 supports following 4-data formats for the decoded data. • 16-bit, MSB-first, right-justified • 24-bit, MSB-first, right-justified • 24-bit, MSB-first, left-justified • 24-bit, MSB-first, I2S Decoded data is MSB first and 2s-complement in all formats. The decoded data is provided through the DOUT pin. The format of the decoded data is selected by the FMT[1:0] pins. The data formats for each FMT[1:0] pin setting are shown in Table 13. Table 13. Serial Audio Data Output Format Set by FMT[1:0] FMT[1:0] SETTINGS FMT1 Biphase Signal (IN) DOUT SERIAL AUDIO DATA OUTPUT FORMAT FMT0 L L 16-bit, MSB-first, right-justified L H 24-bit, MSB-first, right-justified H L 24-bit MSB-first, left-justified H H 24-bit, MSB-first, I2S B 0L W 0R M 1L W 1R tLATE BFRAME (OUT) LRCKO (OUT) 2 (I S) LRCKO (OUT) 2 (Except I S) DOUT (OUT) 0L 0R 1L 1R 17 BCK Figure 14. Latency Time Between Biphase Input and LRCKO/DOUT The relationships among BCKO, LRCKO, and DOUT for each format are shown in Figure 15. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 23 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com Right Justified (MSB First, 24-bit, 16-bit) 1/fS R-channel L-channel LRCKO BCKO Data Length: 16-bit DOUT 14 15 16 1 2 MSB 1 2 15 16 MSB LSB 15 16 LSB Data Length: 24-bit DOUT 22 23 24 23 24 1 2 MSB 23 24 1 2 LSB MSB LSB Left Justified (MSB First) 1/fS R-channel L-channel LRCKO BCKO Data Length: 24-bit DOUT 23 24 1 2 MSB 23 24 1 2 LSB MSB LSB 2 I S Format (MSB First) 1/fS L-channel LRCKO R-channel BCKO Data Length: 24-bit DOUT 1 2 MSB 23 24 LSB 1 2 23 24 MSB 1 LSB Figure 15. Decoded Serial Audio Data Output Formats 24 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 tSCY tSCBC SCKO (OUT) VDD/2 LRCKO (OUT) VDD/2 tBCH tBCL tCKLR BCKO (OUT) VDD/2 tBCY tBCDO DOUT (OUT) VDD/2 Figure 16. Decoded Audio Data Output Timing Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 25 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com 9 Application and Information NOTE Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality. 9.1 Application Information The DIR9001 is an audio receiver capable of accepting S/PDIF, EIAJ CP-1201, IEC60958, and AES/EBU up to a 108-kHz sampling rate. When receiving a biphase differential signal, a clock can be recovered to be used as a master clock or use an external crystal. 16-bit and 24-bit PCM serial audio data can be output in master mode. All settings are controlled in hardware by setting pins high or low, this can be done with pull up/down resistors or with GPIO from a microcontroller. User and channel data from the S/PDIF or AES/EBU standard is processed and output at the UOUT and COUT pins. BFRAME is a synching signal meant to indicate the start of a frame of information. A 3.3-V analog and 3.3-V digital supply are required, this could come from the same 3.3-V supply or separate supplies. 26 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 9.2 Typical Application Figure 17 illustrates typical circuit connection. For Automatic Clock Source Selection Actual Sampling Frequency Output 3.3-V VDD + C5 CKSEL 28 FSOUT0 ERROR 27 3 FSOUT1 FMT1 26 4 SCKO FMT0 25 5 VDD VCC 24 1 AUDIO 2 C6 + C7 6 DGND 7 X1 C4 C8 3.3-V VCC AGND 23 XTO FILT 22 8 XTI RST 21 Reset (active LOW) 9 CLKST RXIN 20 Receiver Circuit 10 LRCKO RSV 19 11 BCKO BFRAME 18 12 DOUT EMPH 17 13 PSCK0 UOUT 16 14 PSCK1 COUT 15 C2 R2 C3 Decoded Data Format Setting C1 R1 To Microcontroller System Clock Frequency Setting (128, 256, 384, 512 fS) Audio Data Processor NOTES: R1: Loop filter resistor, 680 Ω R2: Current-limiting resistor; generally, a 100 Ω–500 Ω resistor is used, but it depends on the crystal resonator. C1: Loop filter capacitor, 0.068 μF. C2: Loop filter capacitor, 0.0047 μF. C3, C4: OSC load capacitor; generally, a 10-pF–30-pF capacitor is used, but it depends on the crystal resonator and PCB layout. C5, C8: 10-μF electrolytic capacitor typical, depending on power-supply quality and PCB layout. C6, C7: 0.1-μF ceramic capacitor typical, depending on power-supply quality and PCB layout. X1: Crystal resonator, use a 24.576-MHz fundamental resonator when XTI clock source is needed. Figure 17. Typical Circuit Connection Diagram 9.2.1 Design Requirements • Control: Hardware • Audio Input: Biphase differential signal • Audio Output: PCM serial audio data • Master Clock: 24.576-MHz crystal Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 27 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com Typical Application (continued) 9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure • Hardware control with GPIO of microcontroller • Select crystal capacitors by reading the crystal data sheet • Select if system will be run off the recovered clock or the external crystal by setting CKSEL high for the external crystal and low for the recovered clock • Decide sampling rate and audio related settings • Configure microcontroller to receive PCM data along with User and Channel data from S/PDIF or AES/EBU data stream 9.2.3 Application Curve 200 VCC = VDD = 3.3 V TA = 25°C 180 Periodic Jitter − ps rms 160 128 fS 140 120 256 fS 100 80 384 fS 512 fS 60 40 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 fS − Sampling Frequency − kHz 90 100 G003 Figure 18. SCKO Jitter vs Locked Sampling Frequency 28 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 10 Power Supply Recommendations The DIR9001 requires that 3.3 V be supplied to the digital VDD pin and analog VCC pin. For better separation of analog and digital components two supplies can be used but is not required. Decoupling capacitors for the power supplies should be placed close to the device terminals. For both VDD and VCC, a 10-µF and 0.1-µF capacitor should be used. 11 Layout 11.1 Layout Guidelines • • • • Use a ground plane with multiple vias for each terminal to create a low-impedance connection to GND for minimum ground noise. A single common GND plane between AGND and DGND is recommended to avoid a potential voltage difference between them. To avoid signal interference between digital and analog signals, take care to separate analog and digital signals and return paths. Use supply decoupling capacitors as shown in Figure 17 and described in Power Supply Recommendations. Series resistors can be used on MCLK, LRCK, and BCK to reduce or eliminate reflections and noise. These are to be tuned as each PCB is different but the resistors are usually below 50 Ohms. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 29 DIR9001 SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 www.ti.com 11.2 Layout Example It is recommended to place a top layer ground pour for shielding around DIR9001 and connect to lower main PCB ground plane by multiple vias to microcontroller 1 Audio CKSEL 28 2 FSOUT0 ERROR 27 3 FSOUT1 FMT1 26 4 SCKO FMT0 25 5 VDD VCC 24 to microcontroller 47Q SCKO +3.3V + 10 F 0.1 F +3.3V + 6 DGND AGND 23 7 XTO FILT 22 8 XTI RST 21 9 CLKST RXIN 20 10 LRCKO RSV 19 11 BCKO BFRAME 18 12 DOUT EMPH 17 13 PSCK0 UOUT 16 14 PSCK1 COUT 15 R1 0.1 F 33pf DIR9001 2.2 F 680Q 4700 pF 33pf to microcontroller or audio data processor Top Layer Ground Pour 0.068 F to microcontroller Via to bottom Ground Plane Pad to top layer ground pour Top Layer Signal Traces Figure 19. Layout Example 30 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 DIR9001 www.ti.com SLES198A – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MAY 2015 12 Device and Document Support 12.1 Community Resources The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of Use. TI E2E™ Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help solve problems with fellow engineers. Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and contact information for technical support. 12.2 Trademarks SpAct, E2E are trademarks of Texas Instruments. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 12.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. 12.4 Glossary SLYZ022 — TI Glossary. This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions. 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: DIR9001 31 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 25-Sep-2014 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (2) (6) (3) Op Temp (°C) Device Marking (4/5) DIR9001PW ACTIVE TSSOP PW 28 50 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 DIR9001 DIR9001PWG4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 28 50 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 DIR9001 DIR9001PWR ACTIVE TSSOP PW 28 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 DIR9001 DIR9001PWRG4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 28 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 DIR9001 (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device. (6) Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. Addendum-Page 1 Samples PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 25-Sep-2014 Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. 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OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF DIR9001 : • Automotive: DIR9001-Q1 NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions: • Automotive - Q100 devices qualified for high-reliability automotive applications targeting zero defects Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 25-Sep-2014 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device DIR9001PWR Package Package Pins Type Drawing TSSOP PW 28 SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) 2000 330.0 16.4 Pack Materials-Page 1 6.9 B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 10.2 1.8 12.0 16.0 Q1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 25-Sep-2014 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) DIR9001PWR TSSOP PW 28 2000 367.0 367.0 38.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. 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