Intersil CA3140E 4.5mhz, bimos operational amplifier with mosfet input/bipolar output Datasheet

CA3140, CA3140A
Data Sheet
September 1998
4.5MHz, BiMOS Operational Amplifier with
MOSFET Input/Bipolar Output
The CA3140A and CA3140 are integrated circuit operational
amplifiers that combine the advantages of high voltage PMOS
transistors with high voltage bipolar transistors on a single
monolithic chip.
The CA3140A and CA3140 BiMOS operational amplifiers
feature gate protected MOSFET (PMOS) transistors in the
input circuit to provide very high input impedance, very low
input current, and high speed performance. The CA3140A
and CA3140 operate at supply voltage from 4V to 36V (either
single or dual supply). These operational amplifiers are
internally phase compensated to achieve stable operation in
unity gain follower operation, and additionally, have access
terminal for a supplementary external capacitor if additional
frequency roll-off is desired. Terminals are also provided for
use in applications requiring input offset voltage nulling. The
use of PMOS field effect transistors in the input stage results
in common mode input voltage capability down to 0.5V below
the negative supply terminal, an important attribute for single
supply applications. The output stage uses bipolar transistors
and includes built-in protection against damage from load
terminal short circuiting to either supply rail or to ground.
The CA3140 Series has the same 8-lead pinout used for the
“741” and other industry standard op amps. The CA3140A and
CA3140 are intended for operation at supply voltages up to 36V
(±18V).
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
(BRAND)
TEMP.
RANGE (oC)
957.4
Features
• MOSFET Input Stage
- Very High Input Impedance (ZIN) -1.5TΩ (Typ)
- Very Low Input Current (Il) -10pA (Typ) at ±15V
- Wide Common Mode Input Voltage Range (VlCR) - Can be
Swung 0.5V Below Negative Supply Voltage Rail
- Output Swing Complements Input Common Mode
Range
• Directly Replaces Industry Type 741 in Most
Applications
Applications
• Ground-Referenced Single Supply Amplifiers in Automobile and Portable Instrumentation
• Sample and Hold Amplifiers
• Long Duration Timers/Multivibrators
(µseconds-Minutes-Hours)
• Photocurrent Instrumentation
• Peak Detectors
• Active Filters
• Comparators
• Interface in 5V TTL Systems and Other Low
Supply Voltage Systems
• All Standard Operational Amplifier Applications
• Function Generators
• Tone Controls
• Power Supplies
• Portable Instruments
• Intrusion Alarm Systems
Pinouts
PACKAGE
PKG.
NO.
CA3140AE
-55 to 125
8 Ld PDIP
E8.3
CA3140AM
(3140A)
-55 to 125
8 Ld SOIC
M8.15
CA3140AS
-55 to 125
8 Pin Metal Can
T8.C
CA3140AT
-55 to 125
8 Pin Metal Can
T8.C
CA3140E
-55 to 125
8 Ld PDIP
E8.3
CA3140M
(3140)
-55 to 125
8 Ld SOIC
M8.15
CA3140M96
(3140)
-55 to 125
8 Ld SOIC Tape
and Reel
CA3140T
-55 to 125
8 Pin Metal Can
1
File Number
CA3140 (METAL CAN)
TOP VIEW
TAB
STROBE
8
OFFSET
NULL
1
+
INV. 2
INPUT
NON-INV.
INPUT
7
3
V+
6 OUTPUT
5 OFFSET
NULL
4
V- AND CASE
CA3140 (PDIP, SOIC)
TOP VIEW
T8.C
OFFSET
NULL
1
INV. INPUT
2
NON-INV.
INPUT
3
V-
4
+
8
STROBE
7
V+
6
OUTPUT
5
OFFSET
NULL
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 321-724-7143 | Copyright © Intersil Corporation 1999
CA3140, CA3140A
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
DC Supply Voltage (Between V+ and V- Terminals) . . . . . . . . . 36V
Differential Mode Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8V
DC Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V+ +8V) To (V- -0.5V)
Input Terminal Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1mA
Output Short Circuit Duration (Note 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indefinite
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1)
θJA (oC/W) θJC (oC/W)
PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
100
N/A
SOIC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
160
N/A
Metal Can Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
170
85
Maximum Junction Temperature (Metal Can Package). . . . . . . 175oC
Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Package) . . . . . . . 150oC
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . -65oC to 150oC
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . 300oC
(SOIC - Lead Tips Only)
Operating Conditions
Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55oC to 125oC
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
NOTES:
1. θJA is measured with the component mounted on an evaluation PC board in free air.
2. Short circuit may be applied to ground or to either supply.
VSUPPLY = ±15V, TA = 25oC
Electrical Specifications
TYPICAL VALUES
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Input Offset Voltage Adjustment Resistor
TEST CONDITIONS
Typical Value of Resistor
Between Terminals 4 and 5 or 4 and 1 to
Adjust Max VIO
CA3140
CA3140A
UNITS
4.7
18
kΩ
Input Resistance
RI
1.5
1.5
TΩ
Input Capacitance
CI
4
4
pF
Output Resistance
RO
60
60
Ω
Equivalent Wideband Input Noise Voltage
(See Figure 27)
eN
BW = 140kHz, RS = 1MΩ
48
48
µV
Equivalent Input Noise Voltage (See Figure 35)
eN
RS = 100Ω
f = 1kHz
40
40
nV/√Hz
f = 10kHz
12
12
nV/√Hz
IOM+
Source
40
40
mA
IOM-
Sink
18
18
mA
Short Circuit Current to Opposite Supply
Gain-Bandwidth Product, (See Figures 6, 30)
fT
4.5
4.5
MHz
Slew Rate, (See Figure 31)
SR
9
9
V/µs
220
220
µA
Rise Time
0.08
0.08
µs
Overshoot
10
10
%
To 1mV
4.5
4.5
µs
To 10mV
1.4
1.4
µs
Sink Current From Terminal 8 To Terminal 4 to
Swing Output Low
Transient Response (See Figure 28)
tr
OS
Settling Time at 10VP-P, (See Figure 5)
tS
RL = 2kΩ
CL = 100pF
RL = 2kΩ
CL = 100pF
Voltage Follower
For Equipment Design, at VSUPPLY = ±15V, TA = 25oC, Unless Otherwise Specified
Electrical Specifications
CA3140
PARAMETER
CA3140A
SYMBOL
MIN
TYP
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Input Offset Voltage
|VIO|
-
5
15
-
2
5
mV
Input Offset Current
|IIO|
-
0.5
30
-
0.5
20
pA
II
-
10
50
-
10
40
pA
AOL
20
100
-
20
100
-
kV/V
86
100
-
86
100
-
dB
Input Current
Large Signal Voltage Gain (Note 3)
(See Figures 6, 29)
2
CA3140, CA3140A
For Equipment Design, at VSUPPLY = ±15V, TA = 25oC, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued)
Electrical Specifications
CA3140
PARAMETER
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
(See Figure 34)
CA3140A
SYMBOL
MIN
TYP
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
CMRR
-
32
320
-
32
320
µV/V
70
90
-
70
90
-
dB
Common Mode Input Voltage Range (See Figure 8)
VICR
-15
-15.5 to +12.5
11
-15
-15.5 to +12.5
12
V
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio,
∆VIO/∆VS (See Figure 36)
PSRR
-
100
150
-
100
150
µV/V
76
80
-
76
80
-
dB
Max Output Voltage (Note 4)
(See Figures 2, 8)
VOM+
+12
13
-
+12
13
-
V
VOM-
-14
-14.4
-
-14
-14.4
-
V
Supply Current (See Figure 32)
I+
-
4
6
-
4
6
mA
Device Dissipation
PD
-
120
180
-
120
180
mW
∆VIO/∆T
-
8
-
-
6
-
µV/oC
Input Offset Voltage Temperature Drift
NOTES:
3. At VO = 26VP-P , +12V, -14V and RL = 2kΩ.
4. At RL = 2kΩ.
For Design Guidance At V+ = 5V, V- = 0V, TA = 25oC
Electrical Specifications
TYPICAL VALUES
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CA3140
CA3140A
UNITS
Input Offset Voltage
|VIO|
5
2
mV
Input Offset Current
|IIO|
0.1
0.1
pA
Input Current
II
2
2
pA
Input Resistance
RI
1
1
TΩ
AOL
100
100
kV/V
100
100
dB
32
32
µV/V
90
90
dB
-0.5
-0.5
V
2.6
2.6
V
PSRR
∆VIO/∆VS
100
100
µV/V
80
80
dB
VOM+
3
3
V
VOM-
0.13
0.13
V
Source
IOM+
10
10
mA
Sink
I
OM-
1
1
mA
Slew Rate (See Figure 31)
SR
7
7
V/µs
Gain-Bandwidth Product (See Figure 30)
fT
3.7
3.7
MHz
Supply Current (See Figure 32)
I+
1.6
1.6
mA
Device Dissipation
PD
8
8
mW
200
200
µA
Large Signal Voltage Gain (See Figures 6, 29)
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
CMRR
Common Mode Input Voltage Range (See Figure 8)
VICR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
Maximum Output Voltage (See Figures 2, 8)
Maximum Output Current:
Sink Current from Terminal 8 to Terminal 4 to Swing Output Low
3
CA3140, CA3140A
Block Diagram
2mA
4mA
7 V+
BIAS CIRCUIT
CURRENT SOURCES
AND REGULATOR
200µA
+
1.6mA
3
-
2µA
A≈
10,000
A ≈ 10
INPUT
200µA
2mA
A≈1
6 OUTPUT
2
C1
12pF
5
1
OFFSET
NULL
4 VSTROBE
8
Schematic Diagram
BIAS CIRCUIT
INPUT STAGE
SECOND STAGE
OUTPUT STAGE
DYNAMIC CURRENT SINK
7 V+
D1
D7
Q1
Q3
Q2
D8
R10
1K
Q4
Q5
Q6
Q20
R9
50Ω
Q19 R11
20Ω
Q7
R12
12K
R14
20K
Q21
Q17
R1
8K
R13
5K
R8
Q8
1K Q
18
6 OUTPUT
D2
D3
D4
D5
INVERTING
INPUT
2
NON-INVERTING
INPUT
3
-
Q9
+
Q10
C1
R3
500Ω
R2
500Ω
12pF
Q14
Q11
R4
500Ω
Q12
1
OFFSET NULL
NOTE: All resistance values are in ohms.
4
Q16
D6
R6
50Ω
R5
500Ω
5
Q15
Q13
R7
30Ω
8
4
STROBE
V-
CA3140, CA3140A
Application Information
Circuit Description
As shown in the block diagram, the input terminals may be
operated down to 0.5V below the negative supply rail. Two
class A amplifier stages provide the voltage gain, and a
unique class AB amplifier stage provides the current gain
necessary to drive low-impedance loads.
A biasing circuit provides control of cascoded constant current
flow circuits in the first and second stages. The CA3140
includes an on chip phase compensating capacitor that is
sufficient for the unity gain voltage follower configuration.
Input Stage
The schematic diagram consists of a differential input stage
using PMOS field-effect transistors (Q9, Q10) working into a
mirror pair of bipolar transistors (Q11, Q12) functioning as load
resistors together with resistors R2 through R5. The mirror pair
transistors also function as a differential-to-single-ended
converter to provide base current drive to the second stage
bipolar transistor (Q13). Offset nulling, when desired, can be
effected with a 10kΩ potentiometer connected across
Terminals 1 and 5 and with its slider arm connected to Terminal
4. Cascode-connected bipolar transistors Q2, Q5 are the
constant current source for the input stage. The base biasing
circuit for the constant current source is described
subsequently. The small diodes D3, D4, D5 provide gate oxide
protection against high voltage transients, e.g., static electricity.
Second Stage
Most of the voltage gain in the CA3140 is provided by the
second amplifier stage, consisting of bipolar transistor Q13
and its cascode connected load resistance provided by
bipolar transistors Q3, Q4. On-chip phase compensation,
sufficient for a majority of the applications is provided by C1.
Additional Miller-Effect compensation (roll off) can be
accomplished, when desired, by simply connecting a small
capacitor between Terminals 1 and 8. Terminal 8 is also
used to strobe the output stage into quiescence. When
terminal 8 is tied to the negative supply rail (Terminal 4) by
mechanical or electrical means, the output Terminal 6
swings low, i.e., approximately to Terminal 4 potential.
Output Stage
The CA3140 Series circuits employ a broad band output stage
that can sink loads to the negative supply to complement the
capability of the PMOS input stage when operating near the
negative rail. Quiescent current in the emitter-follower cascade
circuit (Q17, Q18) is established by transistors (Q14, Q15)
whose base currents are “mirrored” to current flowing through
diode D2 in the bias circuit section. When the CA3140 is
operating such that output Terminal 6 is sourcing current,
transistor Q18 functions as an emitter-follower to source current
from the V+ bus (Terminal 7), via D7, R9, and R11. Under these
conditions, the collector potential of Q13 is sufficiently high to
permit the necessary flow of base current to emitter follower
Q17 which, in turn, drives Q18.
5
When the CA3140 is operating such that output Terminal 6 is
sinking current to the V- bus, transistor Q16 is the current
sinking element. Transistor Q16 is mirror connected to D6, R7,
with current fed by way of Q21, R12, and Q20. Transistor Q20, in
turn, is biased by current flow through R13, zener D8, and R14.
The dynamic current sink is controlled by voltage level sensing.
For purposes of explanation, it is assumed that output Terminal
6 is quiescently established at the potential midpoint between
the V+ and V- supply rails. When output current sinking mode
operation is required, the collector potential of transistor Q13 is
driven below its quiescent level, thereby causing Q17, Q18 to
decrease the output voltage at Terminal 6. Thus, the gate
terminal of PMOS transistor Q21 is displaced toward the V- bus,
thereby reducing the channel resistance of Q21. As a
consequence, there is an incremental increase in current flow
through Q20, R12, Q21, D6, R7, and the base of Q16. As a
result, Q16 sinks current from Terminal 6 in direct response to
the incremental change in output voltage caused by Q18. This
sink current flows regardless of load; any excess current is
internally supplied by the emitter-follower Q18. Short circuit
protection of the output circuit is provided by Q19, which is
driven into conduction by the high voltage drop developed
across R11 under output short circuit conditions. Under these
conditions, the collector of Q19 diverts current from Q4 so as to
reduce the base current drive from Q17, thereby limiting current
flow in Q18 to the short circuited load terminal.
Bias Circuit
Quiescent current in all stages (except the dynamic current
sink) of the CA3140 is dependent upon bias current flow in R1.
The function of the bias circuit is to establish and maintain
constant current flow through D1, Q6, Q8 and D2. D1 is a diode
connected transistor mirror connected in parallel with the base
emitter junctions of Q1, Q2, and Q3. D1 may be considered as a
current sampling diode that senses the emitter current of Q6
and automatically adjusts the base current of Q6 (via Q1) to
maintain a constant current through Q6, Q8, D2. The base
currents in Q2, Q3 are also determined by constant current flow
D1. Furthermore, current in diode connected transistor Q2
establishes the currents in transistors Q14 and Q15.
Typical Applications
Wide dynamic range of input and output characteristics with
the most desirable high input impedance characteristics is
achieved in the CA3140 by the use of an unique design based
upon the PMOS Bipolar process. Input common mode voltage
range and output swing capabilities are complementary,
allowing operation with the single supply down to 4V.
The wide dynamic range of these parameters also means
that this device is suitable for many single supply
applications, such as, for example, where one input is driven
below the potential of Terminal 4 and the phase sense of the
output signal must be maintained – a most important
consideration in comparator applications.
CA3140, CA3140A
Output Circuit Considerations
level shifting circuitry usually associated with the 741 series
of operational amplifiers.
Excellent interfacing with TTL circuitry is easily achieved
with a single 6.2V zener diode connected to Terminal 8 as
shown in Figure 1. This connection assures that the
maximum output signal swing will not go more positive than
the zener voltage minus two base-to-emitter voltage drops
within the CA3140. These voltages are independent of the
operating supply voltage.
Figure 4 shows some typical configurations. Note that a
series resistor, RL, is used in both cases to limit the drive
available to the driven device. Moreover, it is recommended
that a series diode and shunt diode be used at the thyristor
input to prevent large negative transient surges that can
appear at the gate of thyristors, from damaging the
integrated circuit.
V+
5V TO 36V
8
2
Offset Voltage Nulling
LOGIC
SUPPLY
5V
7
6.2V
6
CA3140
TYPICAL
TTL GATE
≈ 5V
3
The input offset voltage can be nulled by connecting a 10kΩ
potentiometer between Terminals 1 and 5 and returning its
wiper arm to terminal 4, see Figure 3A. This technique,
however, gives more adjustment range than required and
therefore, a considerable portion of the potentiometer
rotation is not fully utilized. Typical values of series resistors
(R) that may be placed at either end of the potentiometer,
see Figure 3B, to optimize its utilization range are given in
the Electrical Specifications table.
4
OUTPUT STAGE TRANSISTOR (Q15, Q16)
SATURATION VOLTAGE (mV)
FIGURE 1. ZENER CLAMPING DIODE CONNECTED TO
TERMINALS 8 AND 4 TO LIMIT CA3140 OUTPUT
SWING TO TTL LEVELS
1000
100
An alternate system is shown in Figure 3C. This circuit uses
only one additional resistor of approximately the value
shown in the table. For potentiometers, in which the
resistance does not drop to 0Ω at either end of rotation, a
value of resistance 10% lower than the values shown in the
table should be used.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V-) = 0V
TA = 25oC
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V+) = +5V
+15V
+30V
Low Voltage Operation
Operation at total supply voltages as low as 4V is possible
with the CA3140. A current regulator based upon the PMOS
threshold voltage maintains reasonable constant operating
current and hence consistent performance down to these
lower voltages.
10
1
0.01
0.1
1.0
LOAD (SINKING) CURRENT (mA)
10
The low voltage limitation occurs when the upper extreme of
the input common mode voltage range extends down to the
voltage at Terminal 4. This limit is reached at a total supply
voltage just below 4V. The output voltage range also begins to
extend down to the negative supply rail, but is slightly higher
than that of the input. Figure 8 shows these characteristics and
shows that with 2V dual supplies, the lower extreme of the input
common mode voltage range is below ground potential.
FIGURE 2. VOLTAGE ACROSS OUTPUT TRANSISTORS (Q15
AND Q16) vs LOAD CURRENT
Figure 2 shows output current sinking capabilities of the
CA3140 at various supply voltages. Output voltage swing to
the negative supply rail permits this device to operate both
power transistors and thyristors directly without the need for
V+
V+
2
2
V+
7
2
7
6
CA3140
CA3140
6
CA3140
6
3
3
7
4
4
3
5
5
R
1
R
1
10kΩ
10kΩ
4
5
1
10kΩ
R
V-
V-
FIGURE 3B. IMPROVED RESOLUTION
FIGURE 3A. BASIC
V-
FIGURE 3C. SIMPLER IMPROVED RESOLUTION
FIGURE 3. THREE OFFSET VOLTAGE NULLING METHODS
6
CA3140, CA3140A
RS
V+
LOAD
30V
NO LOAD
2
MT2
7
120VAC
+HV
7
LOAD
6
CA3140
RL
2
3
CA3140
4
6
MT1
RL
3
4
FIGURE 4. METHODS OF UTILIZING THE VCE(SAT) SINKING CURRENT CAPABILITY OF THE CA3140 SERIES
FOLLOWER
+15V
7
0.1µF
3
SIMULATED
LOAD
10kΩ
6
CA3140
2kΩ
100pF
2
4
0.1µF
-15V
2kΩ
LOAD RESISTANCE (RL) = 2kΩ
LOAD CAPACITANCE (CL) = 100pF
0.05µF
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: VS = ±15V
TA = 25oC
10
1mV
INVERTING
5kΩ
1mV
8
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
6
10mV
+15V
10mV
7
4
2
FOLLOWER
INVERTING
CA3140
200Ω
-2
6
100pF
3
2kΩ
4
-4
0.1µF
4.99kΩ
-6
-10
0.1
SIMULATED
LOAD
5kΩ
0
-8
0.1µF
2
1mV
10mV
10mV
1.0
SETTLING TIME (µs)
5.11kΩ
-15V
1mV
SETTLING POINT
10
D2
D1
1N914
FIGURE 5A. WAVEFORM
1N914
FIGURE 5B. TEST CIRCUITS
FIGURE 5. SETTLING TIME vs INPUT VOLTAGE
Bandwidth and Slew Rate
For those cases where bandwidth reduction is desired, for
example, broadband noise reduction, an external capacitor
connected between Terminals 1 and 8 can reduce the open
loop -3dB bandwidth. The slew rate will, however, also be
proportionally reduced by using this additional capacitor.
Thus, a 20% reduction in bandwidth by this technique will
also reduce the slew rate by about 20%.
Figure 5 shows the typical settling time required to reach
1mV or 10mV of the final value for various levels of large
signal inputs for the voltage follower and inverting unity gain
amplifiers. The exceptionally fast settling time characteristics
7
are largely due to the high combination of high gain and wide
bandwidth of the CA3140; as shown in Figure 6.
Input Circuit Considerations
As mentioned previously, the amplifier inputs can be driven
below the Terminal 4 potential, but a series current limiting
resistor is recommended to limit the maximum input terminal
current to less than 1mA to prevent damage to the input
protection circuitry.
Moreover, some current limiting resistance should be
provided between the inverting input and the output when
the CA3140 is used as a unity gain voltage follower. This
resistance prevents the possibility of extremely large input
CA3140, CA3140A
The typical input current is on the order of 10pA when the
inputs are centered at nominal device dissipation. As the
output supplies load current, device dissipation will increase,
raising the chip temperature and resulting in increased input
current. Figure 7 shows typical input terminal current versus
ambient temperature for the CA3140.
-75
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: VS = ±15V
TA = 25oC
100
φOL
RL = 2kΩ,
CL = 0pF
-90
-105
-120
-135
80
-150
OPEN LOOP PHASE
(DEGREES)
OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
It is well known that MOSFET devices can exhibit slight
changes in characteristics (for example, small changes in
input offset voltage) due to the application of large
60
RL = 2kΩ,
CL = 100pF
40
differential input voltages that are sustained over long
periods at elevated temperatures.
Both applied voltage and temperature accelerate these
changes. The process is reversible and offset voltage shifts of
the opposite polarity reverse the offset. Figure 9 shows the
typical offset voltage change as a function of various stress
voltages at the maximum rating of 125oC (for metal can); at
lower temperatures (metal can and plastic), for example, at
85oC, this change in voltage is considerably less. In typical
linear applications, where the differential voltage is small and
symmetrical, these incremental changes are of about the
same magnitude as those encountered in an operational
amplifier employing a bipolar transistor input stage.
10K
INPUT CURRENT (pA)
signal transients from forcing a signal through the input
protection network and directly driving the internal constant
current source which could result in positive feedback via the
output terminal. A 3.9kΩ resistor is sufficient.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: VS = ±15V
1K
100
10
20
0
101
102
103
104
105
106
FREQUENCY (Hz)
107
1
-60
108
RL = ∞
0
+VICR AT TA = 125oC
+VICR AT TA = 25oC
+VICR AT TA = -55oC
-0.5
-1.0
+VOUT AT TA = 125oC
+VOUT AT TA = 25oC
+VOUT AT TA = -55oC
-1.5
-2.0
-2.5
-3.0
0
5
10
15
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V+, V-)
20
-20
0
20
40
60
80
TEMPERATURE (oC)
100
120
140
FIGURE 7. INPUT CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE
25
INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE EXCURSIONS
FROM TERMINAL 4 (V-)
INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE EXCURSIONS
FROM TERMINAL 7 (V+)
FIGURE 6. OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN AND PHASE vs
FREQUENCY
-40
1.5
-VICR AT TA = 125oC
1.0
-VICR AT TA = 25oC
0.5
-VOUT FOR
TA = -55oC to 125oC
0
-VICR AT TA = -55oC
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0
5
10
15
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V+, V-)
20
25
FIGURE 8. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING CAPABILITY AND COMMON MODE INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE
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8
CA3140, CA3140A
OFFSET VOLTAGE SHIFT (mV)
7
TA = 125oC
FOR METAL CAN PACKAGES
DIFFERENTIAL DC VOLTAGE
(ACROSS TERMINALS 2 AND 3) = 2V
OUTPUT STAGE TOGGLED
6
5
4
3
2
DIFFERENTIAL DC VOLTAGE
(ACROSS TERMINALS 2 AND 3) = 0V
OUTPUT VOLTAGE = V+ / 2
1
0
0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
TIME (HOURS)
FIGURE 9. TYPICAL INCREMENTAL OFFSET VOLTAGE
SHIFT vs OPERATING LIFE
Super Sweep Function Generator
A function generator having a wide tuning range is shown in
Figure 10. The 1,000,000/1 adjustment range is
accomplished by a single variable potentiometer or by an
auxiliary sweeping signal. The CA3140 functions as a noninverting readout amplifier of the triangular signal developed
across the integrating capacitor network connected to the
output of the CA3080A current source.
Buffered triangular output signals are then applied to a
second CA3080 functioning as a high speed hysteresis
switch. Output from the switch is returned directly back to the
input of the CA3080A current source, thereby, completing
the positive feedback loop
The triangular output level is determined by the four 1N914
level limiting diodes of the second CA3080 and the resistor
divider network connected to Terminal No. 2 (input) of the
CA3080. These diodes establish the input trip level to this
switching stage and, therefore, indirectly determine the
amplitude of the output triangle.
Compensation for propagation delays around the entire loop
is provided by one adjustment on the input of the CA3080.
This adjustment, which provides for a constant generator
amplitude output, is most easily made while the generator is
sweeping. High frequency ramp linearity is adjusted by the
single 7pF to 60pF capacitor in the output of the CA3080A.
It must be emphasized that only the CA3080A is
characterized for maximum output linearity in the current
generator function.
Meter Driver and Buffer Amplifier
Figure 11 shows the CA3140 connected as a meter driver
and buffer amplifier. Low driving impedance is required of
the CA3080A current source to assure smooth operation of
the Frequency Adjustment Control. This low-driving
impedance requirement is easily met by using a CA3140
connected as a voltage follower. Moreover, a meter may be
9
placed across the input to the CA3080A to give a logarithmic
analog indication of the function generator’s frequency.
Analog frequency readout is readily accomplished by the
means described above because the output current of the
CA3080A varies approximately one decade for each 60mV
change in the applied voltage, VABC (voltage between
Terminals 5 and 4 of the CA3080A of the function generator).
Therefore, six decades represent 360mV change in VABC.
Now, only the reference voltage must be established to set
the lower limit on the meter. The three remaining transistors
from the CA3086 Array used in the sweep generator are
used for this reference voltage. In addition, this reference
generator arrangement tends to track ambient temperature
variations, and thus compensates for the effects of the
normal negative temperature coefficient of the CA3080A
VABC terminal voltage.
Another output voltage from the reference generator is used
to insure temperature tracking of the lower end of the
Frequency Adjustment Potentiometer. A large series
resistance simulates a current source, assuring similar
temperature coefficients at both ends of the Frequency
Adjustment Control.
To calibrate this circuit, set the Frequency Adjustment
Potentiometer at its low end. Then adjust the Minimum
Frequency Calibration Control for the lowest frequency. To
establish the upper frequency limit, set the Frequency
Adjustment Potentiometer to its upper end and then adjust
the Maximum Frequency Calibration Control for the
maximum frequency. Because there is interaction among
these controls, repetition of the adjustment procedure may
be necessary. Two adjustments are used for the meter. The
meter sensitivity control sets the meter scale width of each
decade, while the meter position control adjusts the pointer
on the scale with negligible effect on the sensitivity
adjustment. Thus, the meter sensitivity adjustment control
calibrates the meter so that it deflects 1/6 of full scale for
each decade change in frequency.
Sine Wave Shaper
The circuit shown in Figure 12 uses a CA3140 as a voltage
follower in combination with diodes from the CA3019 Array
to convert the triangular signal from the function generator to
a sine-wave output signal having typically less than 2% THD.
The basic zero crossing slope is established by the 10kΩ
potentiometer connected between Terminals 2 and 6 of the
CA3140 and the 9.1kΩ resistor and 10kΩ potentiometer
from Terminal 2 to ground. Two break points are established
by diodes D1 through D4. Positive feedback via D5 and D6
establishes the zero slope at the maximum and minimum
levels of the sine wave. This technique is necessary because
the voltage follower configuration approaches unity gain
rather than the zero gain required to shape the sine wave at
the two extremes.
CA3140, CA3140A
CENTERING
-15V 10kΩ
7.5kΩ
+15V
360Ω
3
7
+
15kΩ
-
2
4
5
2MΩ
51
pF
7-60
pF
-15V
+15V
39kΩ
120Ω
-15V
+
CA3140
3
HIGH
FREQ.
SHAPE
-15V
2kΩ
FREQUENCY
ADJUSTMENT
10kΩ
0.1
µF
5.1kΩ
62kΩ
10kΩ
EXTERNAL
OUTPUT
EXTERNAL
OUTPUT
7
-
2
11kΩ
11kΩ
10kΩ
4
+15V
5
6
-
2
100kΩ
FROM BUFFER METER
DRIVER (OPTIONAL)
0.1
µF
7
6
CA3080A
360Ω
SYMMETRY
-15V
+15V
HIGH
FREQUENCY
LEVEL
910kΩ
7-60pF
6
CA3080
+
4
3
2.7kΩ
-15V
13kΩ
TO OUTPUT
AMPLIFIER
TO
SINE WAVE
SHAPER
1N914
OUTPUT
AMPLIFIER
+15V
THIS NETWORK IS USED WHEN THE
OPTIONAL BUFFER CIRCUIT IS NOT USED
FIGURE 10A. CIRCUIT
FREQUENCY
ADJUSTMENT
Top Trace: Output at junction of 2.7Ω and 51Ω resistors;
5V/Div., 500ms/Div.
+15V
METER DRIVER
AND BUFFER
AMPLIFIER
Center Trace: External output of triangular function generator;
2V/Div., 500ms/Div.
Bottom Trace: Output of “Log” generator; 10V/Div., 500ms/Div.
POWER
SUPPLY ±15V
M
-15V
FUNCTION
GENERATOR
FIGURE 10B. FIGURE FUNCTION GENERATOR SWEEPING
WIDEBAND
LINE DRIVER
SINE WAVE
SHAPER
51Ω
SWEEP
GENERATOR
FINE
RATE
GATE DC LEVEL
SWEEP ADJUST
OFF INT.
COARSE
RATE
EXT.
EXTERNAL
INPUT
SWEEP
LENGTH
1V/Div., 1s/Div.
Three tone test signals, highest frequency ≥0.5MHz. Note the slight
asymmetry at the three second/cycle signal. This asymmetry is due to
slightly different positive and negative integration from the CA3080A
and from the PC board and component leakages at the 100pA level.
FIGURE 10C. FUNCTION GENERATOR WITH FIXED
FREQUENCIES
V-
FIGURE 10D. INTERCONNECTIONS
FIGURE 10. FUNCTION GENERATOR
10
V-
CA3140, CA3140A
500kΩ
FREQUENCY
ADJUSTMENT
10kΩ
FREQUENCY
CALIBRATION
MAXIMUM
620kΩ
7
51kΩ
3
+
6
CA3140
SWEEP IN
3MΩ
-
2
4.7kΩ
4
+15V
2kΩ
12kΩ
FREQUENCY 2.4kΩ
CALIBRATION
MINIMUM
2.5
kΩ
0.1µF
5.1kΩ
510Ω
2kΩ
7
10kΩ
D1
D4
9.1kΩ
6
5
9
3.6kΩ 13
8
D6
D3
12
METER
POSITION
ADJUSTMENT
7
-15V
R3 10kΩ
EXTERNAL
OUTPUT
R1
10kΩ
14
10
2
D2
1
3
4
D
CA3019 5
DIODE ARRAY
3/ OF CA3086
5
-15V
FIGURE 11. METER DRIVER AND BUFFER AMPLIFIER
FIGURE 12. SINE WAVE SHAPER
750kΩ
“LOG”
SAWTOOTH 18MΩ
1N914
100kΩ
100kΩ FINE
RATE
1MΩ
22MΩ
SAWTOOTH
SYMMETRY
1N914
0.47µF
0.047µF
8.2kΩ
+15V SAWTOOTH AND
RAMP LOW LEVEL
SET (-14.5V)
COARSE
RATE
4700pF
50kΩ
75kΩ
470pF
7
2
-
3
CA3140
+
4
51kΩ
SAWTOOTH
+15V
0.1
µF
“LOG”+15V
3
100kΩ
TO OUTPUT 2
AMPLIFIER
30kΩ
0.1
µF
50kΩ
LOG
RATE
ADJUST
-15V
43kΩ
10kΩ
10kΩ
+15V
36kΩ
TRIANGLE
6
7
-
CA3140
+
4
6
10kΩ
-15V
EXTERNAL OUTPUT
TO FUNCTION GENERATOR “SWEEP IN”
SWEEP WIDTH
-15V
3
6
CA3140
2
LOGVIO
+15V
7
+
5
1
51kΩ
4
6.8kΩ
91kΩ
10kΩ
TRIANGLE
25kΩ
3.9Ω
-15V
5
1
4
2
100Ω
390Ω
TRANSISTORS
FROM CA3086
ARRAY
3
FIGURE 13. SWEEPING GENERATOR
11
TO
WIDEBAND
OUTPUT
AMPLIFIER
SUBSTRATE
OF CA3019
1MΩ
100
kΩ
-15V
6
4
+15V
9
8
-
0.1µF
1kΩ
200µA
M METER
510Ω
6
CA3140
620Ω
11
5.6kΩ
7.5kΩ
7
+
3
2
METER
SENSITIVITY
ADJUSTMENT
0.1µF
-15V
+15V
TO CA3080A
OF FUNCTION CA3080A
GENERATOR
(FIGURE 10)
4
5
SAWTOOTH
“LOG”
GATE
PULSE
OUTPUT
430Ω
R2
1kΩ
CA3140, CA3140A
This circuit can be adjusted most easily with a distortion
analyzer, but a good first approximation can be made by
comparing the output signal with that of a sine wave
generator. The initial slope is adjusted with the
potentiometer R1, followed by an adjustment of R2. The final
slope is established by adjusting R3, thereby adding
additional segments that are contributed by these diodes.
Because there is some interaction among these controls,
repetition of the adjustment procedure may be necessary.
REFERENCE
VOLTAGE
VOLTAGE
ADJUSTMENT
3
+
7
CA3140
INPUT
2
-
6
REGULATED
OUTPUT
4
Sweeping Generator
Figure 13 shows a sweeping generator. Three CA3140s are
used in this circuit. One CA3140 is used as an integrator, a
second device is used as a hysteresis switch that
determines the starting and stopping points of the sweep. A
third CA3140 is used as a logarithmic shaping network for
the log function. Rates and slopes, as well as sawtooth,
triangle, and logarithmic sweeps are generated by this
circuit.
Wideband Output Amplifier
Figure 14 shows a high slew rate, wideband amplifier
suitable for use as a 50Ω transmission line driver. This
circuit, when used in conjunction with the function generator
and sine wave shaper circuits shown in Figures 10 and 12
provides 18VP-P output open circuited, or 9VP-P output
when terminated in 50Ω. The slew rate required of this
amplifier is 28V/µs (18VP-P x π x 0.5MHz).
+15V
+
SIGNAL
LEVEL
ADJUSTMENT
2.5kΩ
3
7
+
2
-
4
-15V
200Ω
+
2.4pF
2pF
1.8kΩ
2N3053
1N914
2.7Ω
1N914
2.7Ω
51Ω
50µF
25V
2.2
kΩ
2W
2N4037
-15V
NOMINAL BANDWIDTH = 10MHz
tr = 35ns
FIGURE 14. WIDEBAND OUTPUT AMPLIFIER
Power Supplies
High input impedance, common mode capability down to the
negative supply and high output drive current capability are
key factors in the design of wide range output voltage
supplies that use a single input voltage to provide a
regulated output voltage that can be adjusted from
essentially 0V to 24V.
Unlike many regulator systems using comparators having a
bipolar transistor input stage, a high impedance reference
voltage divider from a single supply can be used in
connection with the CA3140 (see Figure 15).
12
Essentially, the regulators, shown in Figures 16 and 17, are
connected as non inverting power operational amplifiers with a
gain of 3.2. An 8V reference input yields a maximum output
voltage slightly greater than 25V. As a voltage follower, when
the reference input goes to 0V the output will be 0V. Because
the offset voltage is also multiplied by the 3.2 gain factor, a
potentiometer is needed to null the offset voltage.
Series pass transistors with high ICBO levels will also
prevent the output voltage from reaching zero because there
is a finite voltage drop (VCESAT) across the output of the
CA3140 (see Figure 2). This saturation voltage level may
indeed set the lowest voltage obtainable.
The high impedance presented by Terminal 8 is
advantageous in effecting current limiting. Thus, only a small
signal transistor is required for the current-limit sensing
amplifier. Resistive decoupling is provided for this transistor
to minimize damage to it or the CA3140 in the event of
unusual input or output transients on the supply rail.
OUT
8
1
OUTPUT
DC LEVEL +15V
ADJUSTMENT
3kΩ
2.2
kΩ
6
CA3140
200Ω
50µF
25V
FIGURE 15. BASIC SINGLE SUPPLY VOLTAGE REGULATOR
SHOWING VOLTAGE FOLLOWER CONFIGURATION
Figures 16 and 17, show circuits in which a D2201 high speed
diode is used for the current sensor. This diode was chosen
for its slightly higher forward voltage drop characteristic, thus
giving greater sensitivity. It must be emphasized that heat
sinking of this diode is essential to minimize variation of the
current trip point due to internal heating of the diode. That is,
1A at 1V forward drop represents one watt which can result in
significant regenerative changes in the current trip point as the
diode temperature rises. Placing the small signal reference
amplifier in the proximity of the current sensing diode also
helps minimize the variability in the trip level due to the
negative temperature coefficient of the diode. In spite of those
limitations, the current limiting point can easily be adjusted
over the range from 10mA to 1A with a single adjustment
potentiometer. If the temperature stability of the current
limiting system is a serious consideration, the more usual
current sampling resistor type of circuitry should be employed.
A power Darlington transistor (in a metal can with heatsink),
is used as the series pass element for the conventional
current limiting system, Figure 16, because high power
Darlington dissipation will be encountered at low output
voltage and high currents.
CA3140, CA3140A
A small heat sink VERSAWATT transistor is used as the
series pass element in the fold back current system, Figure
17, since dissipation levels will only approach 10W. In this
system, the D2201 diode is used for current sampling.
Foldback is provided by the 3kΩ and 100kΩ divider network
connected to the base of the current sensing transistor.
Both regulators provide better than 0.02% load regulation.
Because there is constant loop gain at all voltage settings, the
+30V
3
2N6385
CURRENT
POWER DARLINGTON LIMITING
ADJUST
D2201
2
75Ω
1kΩ
OUTPUT
0.1 ⇒ 24V
AT 1A
8
+30V
1
2
8
1kΩ
56pF
2.7kΩ 10µF
+
5
-
2.2kΩ
-
10 11
1 2
9
3
8 7
5
6
4
14
+
2.7kΩ 10µF
4
5µF 50kΩ
5
-
1
100kΩ
82kΩ
3
4
INPUT
VOLTAGE
ADJUST
100kΩ
+
-
0.01µF
+
2.2kΩ
250µF
12
-
10 11
1 2
9
3
8 7
5
6
4
5µF 50kΩ
14
VOLTAGE
ADJUST
100kΩ
+
-
250µF
12
0.01µF
13
13
CA3086
CA3086
1kΩ
1kΩ
62kΩ
62kΩ
HUM AND NOISE OUTPUT <200µVRMS
(MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH ~10MHz)
LINE REGULATION 0.1%/V
180kΩ
1kΩ
CA3140
6
82kΩ
INPUT
+
56pF
2
3
1
100kΩ
1kΩ
7
180kΩ
1kΩ
CA3140
3kΩ
2N2102
3
2
6
100kΩ
100kΩ
2N2102
7
OUTPUT ⇒ 0V TO 25V
25V AT 1A
“FOLDS BACK”
TO 40mA
“FOLDBACK” CURRENT
LIMITER
2N5294
D2201
2
3
1
1kΩ
100Ω
Figure 18A shows the turn ON and turn OFF characteristics
of both regulators. The slow turn on rise is due to the slow
rate of rise of the reference voltage. Figure 18B shows the
transient response of the regulator with the switching of a
20Ω load at 20V output.
1kΩ 200Ω
1kΩ
3kΩ
1
regulation also remains constant. Line regulation is 0.1% per
volt. Hum and noise voltage is less than 200µV as read with a
meter having a 10MHz bandwidth.
LOAD REGULATION
(NO LOAD TO FULL LOAD)
<0.02%
FIGURE 16. REGULATED POWER SUPPLY
5V/Div., 1s/Div.
FIGURE 18A. SUPPLY TURN-ON AND TURNOFF
CHARACTERISTICS
HUM AND NOISE OUTPUT <200µVRMS
(MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH ~10MHz)
LINE REGULATION 0.1%/V
LOAD REGULATION
(NO LOAD TO FULL LOAD)
<0.02%
FIGURE 17. REGULATED POWER SUPPLY WITH “FOLDBACK”
CURRENT LIMITING
Top Trace: Output Voltage;
200mV/Div., 5µs/Div.
Bottom Trace: Collector of load switching transistor, load = 1A;
5V/Div., 5µs/Div.
FIGURE 18B. TRANSIENT RESPONSE
FIGURE 18. WAVEFORMS OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF POWER SUPPLY CURRENTS SHOWN IN FIGURES 16 AND 17
13
CA3140, CA3140A
Bass treble boost and cut are ±15dB at 100Hz and 10kHz,
respectively. Full peak-to-peak output is available up to at
least 20kHz due to the high slew rate of the CA3140. The
amplifier gain is 3dB down from its “flat” position at 70kHz.
Tone Control Circuits
High slew rate, wide bandwidth, high output voltage
capability and high input impedance are all characteristics
required of tone control amplifiers. Two tone control circuits
that exploit these characteristics of the CA3140 are shown in
Figures 19 and 20.
Figure 19 shows another tone control circuit with similar
boost and cut specifications. The wideband gain of this
circuit is equal to the ultimate boost or cut plus one, which in
this case is a gain of eleven. For 20dB boost and cut, the
input loading of this circuit is essentially equal to the value of
the resistance from Terminal No. 3 to ground. A detailed
analysis of this circuit is given in “An IC Operational
Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) With Power Capability” by
L. Kaplan and H. Wittlinger, IEEE Transactions on Broadcast
and Television Receivers, Vol. BTR-18, No. 3, August, 1972.
The first circuit, shown in Figure 20, is the Baxandall tone
control circuit which provides unity gain at midband and
uses standard linear potentiometers. The high input
impedance of the CA3140 makes possible the use of lowcost, low-value, small size capacitors, as well as reduced
load of the driving stage.
FOR SINGLE SUPPLY
NOTES:
+30V
2.2MΩ
5. 20dB Flat Position Gain.
3
7
+
CA3140
2
-
0.005µF
5.1
MΩ
6. ±15dB Bass and Treble Boost and Cut
at 100Hz and 10kHz, respectively.
0.1µF
6
7. 25VP-P output at 20kHz.
8. -3dB at 24kHz from 1kHz reference.
4
BOOST
2.2MΩ
0.1
µF
0.012µF
TREBLE
CUT
200kΩ
(LINEAR) 0.001µF
18kΩ
100
pF
FOR DUAL SUPPLIES
+15V
3
7
+
CA3140
2
-
0.005µF
100pF
5.1MΩ
4
0.022µF
2µF
- +
0.0022µF
0.1µF
6
0.1µF
-15V
10kΩ
1MΩ
100kΩ
CCW (LOG)
BOOST
BASS
CUT
TONE CONTROL NETWORK
TONE CONTROL NETWORK
FIGURE 19. TONE CONTROL CIRCUIT USING CA3130 SERIES (20dB MIDBAND GAIN)
FOR SINGLE SUPPLY
BOOST
0.047µF
BASS
CUT
(LINEAR)
240kΩ
5MΩ
240kΩ
FOR DUAL SUPPLIES
2.2MΩ
750
pF
+32V
750
pF
+15V
7
3
2.2MΩ
0.1
µF
2.2
MΩ 2
+
CA3140
51kΩ
5MΩ
51kΩ
(LINEAR)
BOOST TREBLE
CUT
TONE CONTROL NETWORK
6
0.047µF
4
20pF
0.1
µF
TONE CONTROL
NETWORK
7
+
CA3140
2
-
NOTES:
9. ±15dB Bass and Treble Boost and Cut at 100Hz and 10kHz, Respectively.
10. 25VP-P Output at 20kHz.
11. -3dB at 70kHz from 1kHz Reference.
12. 0dB Flat Position Gain.
FIGURE 20. BAXANDALL TONE CONTROL CIRCUIT USING CA3140 SERIES
14
3
4
-15V
0.1µF
6
0.1µF
CA3140, CA3140A
Wien Bridge Oscillator
Another application of the CA3140 that makes excellent use
of its high input impedance, high slew rate, and high voltage
qualities is the Wien Bridge sine wave oscillator. A basic Wien
Bridge oscillator is shown in Figure 21. When R1 = R2 = R
and C1 = C2 = C, the frequency equation reduces to the
familiar f = 1/(2πRC) and the gain required for oscillation,
AOSC is equal to 3. Note that if C2 is increased by a factor of
four and R2 is reduced by a factor of four, the gain required
for oscillation becomes 1.5, thus permitting a potentially
higher operating frequency closer to the gain bandwidth
product of the CA3140.
C2
R2
NOTES:
+
OUTPUT
RF
C1
R1
1000pF
3
C1 2
1000
pF
R1
C1 R2
A OSC = 1 + ------- + ------C2 R1
FIGURE 21. BASIC WIEN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT
USING AN OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Oscillator stabilization takes on many forms. It must be
precisely set, otherwise the amplitude will either diminish or
reach some form of limiting with high levels of distortion. The
element, RS, is commonly replaced with some variable
resistance element. Thus, through some control means, the
value of RS is adjusted to maintain constant oscillator
output. A FET channel resistance, a thermistor, a lamp bulb,
or other device whose resistance increases as the output
amplitude is increased are a few of the elements often
utilized.
7
+
CA3140
4
As the frequency is increased, the output amplitude must be
reduced to prevent the output signal from becoming slewrate limited. An output frequency of 180kHz will reach a slew
rate of approximately 9V/µs when its amplitude is 16VP-P.
15
CA3109
DIODE
ARRAY
6
SUBSTRATE
OF CA3019
8
9
1
2
6
0.1µF
-15V
3
7.5kΩ
5
4
R1 = R2 = R
50Hz, R =
100Hz, R =
1kHz, R =
10kHz, R =
30kHz, R =
3.3MΩ
1.6MΩ
160MΩ
16MΩ
5.1MΩ
3.6kΩ
500Ω
FIGURE 22. WIEN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT USING
CA3140
Simple Sample-and-Hold System
Figure 23 shows a very simple sample-and-hold system
using the CA3140 as the readout amplifier for the storage
capacitor. The CA3080A serves as both input buffer
amplifier and low feed-through transmission switch (see
Note 13). System offset nulling is accomplished with the
CA3140 via its offset nulling terminals. A typical simulated
load of 2kΩ and 30pF is shown in the schematic.
0
30kΩ
SAMPLE
STROBE
-15
1N914
HOLD
+15V
1N914
INPUT
+15V
5
2kΩ
+
3
-
0.1µF
7
CA3080A
2
Figure 22 shows another means of stabilizing the oscillator
with a zener diode shunting the feedback resistor (RF of
Figure 21). As the output signal amplitude increases, the
zener diode impedance decreases resulting in more
feedback with consequent reduction in gain; thus stabilizing
the amplitude of the output signal. Furthermore, this
combination of a monolithic zener diode and bridge rectifier
circuit tends to provide a zero temperature coefficient for this
regulating system. Because this bridge rectifier system has
no time constant, i.e., thermal time constant for the lamp
bulb, and RC time constant for filters often used in detector
networks, there is no lower frequency limit. For example,
with 1µF polycarbonate capacitors and 22MΩ for the
frequency determining network, the operating frequency is
0.007Hz.
0.1µF
7
0.1µF
1
f = ------------------------------------------2π R 1 C 1 R 2 C 2
RF
A CL = 1 + -------RS
RS
R2
C2
OUTPUT
19VP-P TO 22VP-P
THD <0.3%
+15V
6
4
0.1µF
2kΩ
3.5kΩ
7
3
+
CA3140
2
-
6
0.1
µF
4
5
1
100kΩ
-15V
-15V
200pF
2kΩ
C1
200pF
2kΩ
400Ω
0.1µF
30pF
SIMULATED LOAD
NOT REQUIRED
FIGURE 23. SAMPLE AND HOLD CIRCUIT
In this circuit, the storage compensation capacitance (C1) is
only 200pF. Larger value capacitors provide longer “hold”
periods but with slower slew rates. The slew rate is:
dv
I
------ = ---- = 0.5mA ⁄ 200pF = 2.5V ⁄ µs
dt
C
NOTE:
13. AN6668 “Applications of the CA3080 and CA 3080A High Performance Operational Transconductance Amplifiers”.
CA3140, CA3140A
Pulse “droop” during the hold interval is 170pA/200pF which is
0.85µV/µs; (i.e., 170pA/200pF). In this case, 170pA represents
the typical leakage current of the CA3080A when strobed off. If
C1 were increased to 2000pF, the “hold-droop” rate will
decrease to 0.085µV/µs, but the slew rate would decrease to
0.25V/µs. The parallel diode network connected between
Terminal 3 of the CA3080A and Terminal 6 of the CA3140
prevents large input signal feedthrough across the input
terminals of the CA3080A to the 200pF storage capacitor when
the CA3080A is strobed off. Figure 24 shows dynamic
characteristic waveforms of this sample-and-hold system.
Current Amplifier
The low input terminal current needed to drive the CA3140
makes it ideal for use in current amplifier applications such
as the one shown in Figure 25 (see Note 14). In this circuit,
low current is supplied at the input potential as the power
supply to load resistor RL. This load current is increased by
the multiplication factor R2/R1, when the load current is
monitored by the power supply meter M. Thus, if the load
current is 100nA, with values shown, the load current
presented to the supply will be 100µA; a much easier current
to measure in many systems.
R1
10kΩ
+15V
IL x
R2
R1
0.1µF
7
+
CA3140
3
M
-
2
POWER
SUPPLY
5
4
1
6
0.1µF
R2
10MΩ
IL
RL
100kΩ
Top Trace: Output; 50mV/Div., 200ns/Div.
Bottom Trace: Input; 50mV/Div., 200ns/Div.
4.3kΩ
-15V
FIGURE 25. BASIC CURRENT AMPLIFIER FOR LOW CURRENT
MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
Note that the input and output voltages are transferred at the
same potential and only the output current is multiplied by
the scale factor.
Top Trace: Output Signal; 5V/Div, 2µs/Div.
Center Trace: Difference of Input and Output Signals through
Tektronix Amplifier 7A13; 5mV/Div., 2µs/Div.
Bottom Trace: Input Signal; 5V/Div., 2µs/Div.
LARGE SIGNAL RESPONSE AND SETTLING TIME
SAMPLING RESPONSE
Top Trace: Output; 100mV/Div., 500ns/Div.
Bottom Trace: Input; 20V/Div., 500ns/Div.
FIGURE 24. SAMPLE AND HOLD SYSTEM DYNAMIC
CHARACTERISTICS WAVEFORMS
16
The dotted components show a method of decoupling the
circuit from the effects of high output load capacitance and
the potential oscillation in this situation. Essentially, the
necessary high frequency feedback is provided by the
capacitor with the dotted series resistor providing load
decoupling.
Full Wave Rectifier
Figure 26 shows a single supply, absolute value, ideal fullwave rectifier with associated waveforms. During positive
excursions, the input signal is fed through the feedback
network directly to the output. Simultaneously, the positive
excursion of the input signal also drives the output terminal
(No. 6) of the inverting amplifier in a negative going
excursion such that the 1N914 diode effectively disconnects
the amplifier from the signal path. During a negative going
excursion of the input signal, the CA3140 functions as a
normal inverting amplifier with a gain equal to -R2/R1. When
the equality of the two equations shown in Figure 26 is
satisfied, the full wave output is symmetrical.
NOTE:
14. “Operational Amplifiers Design and Applications”, J. G. Graeme,
McGraw-Hill Book Company, page 308, “Negative Immittance
Converter Circuits”.
CA3140, CA3140A
+15V
R2
5kΩ
+15V
0.1µF
0.1µF
R1
10kΩ
+
8
3
5
1
6
4
2
1N914
10kΩ
R3
100kΩ
OFFSET
ADJUST
PEAK
ADJUST
10kΩ
6
-
100pF
4
2kΩ
0.1µF
-15V
2kΩ
R2
R3
GAIN = ------- = X = ----------------------------R1
R1 R2 + R3
SIMULATED
LOAD
+
CA3140
CA3140
3
INPUT
7
-
2
7
10kΩ
BW (-3dB) = 4.5MHz
SR = 9V/µs
0.05µF
FIGURE 28A. TEST CIRCUIT
2
X+X
R 3 =  ----------------- R 1
 1–X 
R2
5kΩ
FOR X = 0.5 --------------- = ------10kΩ
R1
0.75
R 3 = 10kΩ  ----------- = 15kΩ
 0.5 
20VP-P Input BW (-3dB) = 290kHz, DC Output (Avg) = 3.2V
OUTPUT
0
INPUT
0
Top Trace: Output; 50mV/Div., 200ns/Div.
Bottom Trace: Input; 50mV/Div., 200ns/Div.
FIGURE 28B. SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE
FIGURE 26. SINGLE SUPPLY, ABSOLUTE VALUE, IDEAL FULL
WAVE RECTIFIER WITH ASSOCIATED
WAVEFORMS
+15V
7
RS
3
1MΩ
0.01µF
+
6
CA3140
2
-
NOISE VOLTAGE
OUTPUT
4
0.01µF
30.1kΩ
-15V
BW (-3dB) = 140kHz
TOTAL NOISE VOLTAGE
(REFERRED TO INPUT ) = 48µV (TYP)
1kΩ
FIGURE 27. TEST CIRCUIT AMPLIFIER (30dB GAIN) USED FOR
WIDEBAND NOISE MEASUREMENT
17
(Measurement made with Tektronix 7A13 differential amplifier.)
Top Trace: Output Signal; 5V/Div., 5µs/Div.
Center Trace: Difference Signal; 5mV/Div., 5µs/Div.
Bottom Trace: Input Signal; 5V/Div., 5µs/Div.
FIGURE 28C. INPUT-OUTPUT DIFFERENCE SIGNAL SHOWING
SETTLING TIME
FIGURE 28. SPLIT SUPPLY VOLTAGE FOLLOWER TEST
CIRCUIT AND ASSOCIATED WAVEFORMS
CA3140, CA3140A
Typical Performance Curves
20
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT (MHz)
OPEN-LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
RL = 2kΩ
TA = -55oC
25oC
125
125oC
100
75
50
25
RL = 2kΩ
CL = 100pF
10
TA = -55oC
1
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
125oC
TA = -55oC
SLEW RATE (V/µs)
15
10
5
0
10
15
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
20
25
COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO (dB)
25
20
15
10
5
100K
1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FIGURE 33. MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING vs
FREQUENCY
18
7
6
TA = -55oC
25oC
5
125oC
4
3
2
1
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
FIGURE 32. QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY
VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: VS = ±15V
TA = 25oC
OUTPUT SWING (VP-P)
25
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
FIGURE 31. SLEW RATE vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND
TEMPERATURE
0
10K
20
RL = ∞
25oC
5
15
FIGURE 30. GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT vs SUPPLY
VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
RL = 2kΩ
CL = 100pF
0
10
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
FIGURE 29. OPEN-LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN vs SUPPLY
VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
20
25oC
125oC
4M
120 SUPPLY VOLTAGE: VS = ±15V
TA = 25oC
100
80
60
40
20
0
101
102
103
104
105
FREQUENCY (Hz)
106
107
FIGURE 34. COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO vs FREQUENCY
CA3140, CA3140A
Typical Performance Curves
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: VS = ±15V
TA = 25oC
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: VS = ±15V
TA = 25oC
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO (dB)
EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE (nV/√Hz)
1000
(Continued)
100
10
1
1
101
102
103
FREQUENCY (Hz)
104
100
60
40
-PSRR
20
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
(PSRR) = ∆VIO/∆VS
0
101
105
FIGURE 35. EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE vs
FREQUENCY
+PSRR
80
102
103
104
105
FREQUENCY (Hz)
61
10
20
30
40
50
60
65
60
50
40
58-66
(1.473-1.676)
30
20
10
0
4-10
(0.102-0.254)
62-70
(1.575-1.778)
Dimensions in parenthesis are in millimeters and are derived
from the basic inch dimensions as indicated. Grid graduations
are in mils (10-3 inch).
The photographs and dimensions represent a chip when it is
part of the wafer. When the wafer is cut into chips, the cleavage
angles are 57o instead of 90ο with respect to the face of the
chip. Therefore, the isolated chip is actually 7 mils (0.17mm)
larger in both dimensions.
19
107
FIGURE 36. POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs FREQUENCY
Metallization Mask Layout
0
106