SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 FEATURES D Designed Specifically to Work With D D D D D D D D D D DESCRIPTION Current-Limited Wall Supplies Ideal for Low Dropout Charger Design for Single-Cell Li-Ion Packs With Coke or Graphite Anodes Integrated PowerFET for 500 mA Integrated Voltage Regulation With 0.5% Accuracy Battery Insertion and Removal Detection Charge Termination by Minimum Current and Time Pre-Charge Conditioning With Safety Timer Sleep Mode for Low-Power Consumption Charge Status Output for LED or Host Processor Interface Indicates Charge-in-Progress, Charge Completion, and Fault Conditions Optional Temperature Monitoring Before and During Charge Small, 8-Pin Power-Pad MSOP Package TYPICAL APPLICATION bq24202DGN DC+ 1 IN OUT 8 C1 C1 DC– R1 2 VCC BAT 7 3 STAT CE 6 4 VSS N/C 5 + BATTERY PACK UDG–01111 The bq2420x series are simple Li-Ion linear charge management devices targeted at low-cost and space limited charger applications. The bq2420x series offer integrated powerFET, high-accuracy voltage regulation, temperature monitoring, charge status, and charge termination, in a single monolithic device. The bq2420x is designed to work with a current-limited wall-mount transformer and therefore does not provide any current regulation. However, these devices offer a fixed internal current limit to prevent damage to the internal powerFET. A time-limited pre-conditioning phase is provided to condition deeply discharged cells. Once the battery reaches the charge voltage, the high accuracy voltage regulation loop takes over and completes the charge cycle. Charge is terminated based on minimum current. An internal charge timer provides a backup safety for charge termination. Other standard features include an automatic sleep mode activated when VCC falls below the battery voltage and a recharge feature activated when the battery voltage falls below the VRCH threshold. In addition to the standard features, the core product provides two additional enhancements: temperature monitoring and status display. The temperature-sense circuit continuously measures battery temperature using an external thermistor and inhibits charge until the battery temperature is within the user–defined thresholds. The STAT pin indicates three conditions of operation of the charger. These conditions are chargein-progress, charge complete, and fault. This output can be used to drive an LED or an interface to a microcontroller. Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated !"#$ % &'!!($ #% )'*&#$ +#$(, ! +'&$% & !" $ %)(&&#$ % )(! $-( $(!"% (.#% %$!'"($% %$#+#!+ /#!!#$0, ! +'&$ )! &(%%1 + (% $ (&(%%#!*0 &*'+( $(%$1 #** )#!#"($(!%, www.ti.com 1 SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 AVAILABLE OPTIONS TJ –40_C 40_C to 125_C CHARGE REGULATION VOLTAGE OPTIONAL FUNCTIONS MARKING PACKAGED DEVICES (DGN) 4.2 V STAT and TS AZC bq24200DGN 4.1 V STAT and TS AZD bq24201DGN 4.2 V STAT AZE bq24202DGN 4.1 V STAT AZF bq24203DGN 4.2 V – AZG bq24204DGN 4.1 V – AZI bq24205DGN † The DGN package is available taped and reeled. Add TR suffix to device type (e.g. bq24200DGNTR) to order. Quantities 2500 devices per reel. bq24202, bq24203 HTSSOP (DGN) PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) bq24200, bq24201 HTSSOP (DGN) PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) IN VCC STAT VSS 1 * 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 OUT BAT TS N/C IN VCC STAT VSS 1 * 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 bq24204, bq24205 HTSSOP (DGN) PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) OUT BAT CE N/C IN VCC N/C VSS 1 * 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 OUT BAT CE N/C * Thermal pad is electrically connected to the ground of the device (VSS). Terminal Functions TERMINAL NO. NAME I/O DESCRIPTION bq24200 bq24201 bq24202 bq24203 bq24204 bq24205 BAT 7 7 7 I Battery voltage sense input CE – 6 6 I Charge enable Input (active low) IN 1 1 1 I Charge input voltage N/C 5 5 3, 5 – No connection. Must be left floating OUT 8 8 8 O Charge current output STAT 3 3 – O Charge status output TS 6 – – I Temperature sense input VCC VSS 2 2 2 I 4 4 4 – VCC input Ground input absolute maximum ratings over operating free–air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)† Supply voltage (Vcc with respect to GND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5 V Input voltage, IN, STAT, TS (all with respect to GND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5 V Input voltage, BAT, OUT (all with respect to GND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 V Output sink/source current (STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 mA Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65_C to 150_C Junction temperature range, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40_C to 125_C Lead temperature (soldering, 10sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300_C † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute–maximum–rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2 www.ti.com SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 dissipation ratings PACKAGE 8 Pin DGN (1) THERMAL IMPEDANCE JUNCTION-TO-AMBIENT (θJA 57.20°C/W THERMAL IMPEDANCE JUNCTION-TO-CASE (θJC 4.4°C/W TA 25°C POWER RATING DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25°C 1.75 W 0.017 W/°C NOTE 1: This data is based on using JEDEC High-K board and topside traces, top and bottom thermal pad (2mm × 3mm), internal 1 oz. power and ground planes, four thermal via underneath the die connecting to ground plane. recommended operating conditions Supply voltage, VCC Input voltage, VIN Operating junction temperature range, TJ MIN MAX V(LOWV–MIN) V(LOWV–MIN) 13.5 –40 125 13.5 UNIT V °C electrical characteristics over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TYP MAX UNIT 1.7 2.5 mA Sum of currents into OUT and BAT pins, Vcc<V(SLP), 0oC ≤ Tj ≤ 85oC 5 µA Sleep current , ICC(SLP) Sum of currents into OUT and BAT pins, Vcc<V(SLP) 10 µA Standby Current, ICC(STDBY) Sum of currents into Vcc, IN and TS pins, (Vcc–VI(TS)) ≤ 300 mV 1 mA 1 µA 1 µA Vcc Current, ICC(VCC) Sleep current , ICC(SLP) TEST CONDITIONS MIN Vcc > Vcc(min) Input Bias Current on BAT pin, IIB (BAT) Input Bias Current on TS pin, IIB (TS) 0.1*Vcc ≤ VI(TS) ≤ 0.8*Vcc voltage regulation, VO(REG) + V(DO–MAX) ≤ VCC, I(TERM) < IO(OUT) ≤ 500 mA, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER Output voltage, VO(REG) TEST CONDITIONS VO(REG) + V(DO–MAX) ≤ 10 V, I(TERM) < IO(OUT) ≤ 250 mA Output voltage, VO(REG) Output voltage, VO(REG) VO(REG) + V(DO–MAX) ≤ 10 V, I(TERM) < IO(OUT) ≤ 250 mA Output voltage, VO(REG) Dropout voltage (V(IN) –V(OUT)), V(DO) VO(REG) + V(DO–MAX) ≤ Vcc, IO(OUT) = 500 mA MIN TYP MAX UNIT 4.0795 4.10 4.1205 Volts 4.05 4.10 4.15 Volts 4.1790 4.20 4.2210 Volts 4.15 4.20 4.25 Volts 200 350 500 mV MAX UNIT 500 mA 1.6 A output current, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Output current, IO(OUT) See Note 1 Short–circuit Trip Current, I(SC) See Note 1 MIN TYP 1 NOTE 2: Assured by design, not production tested. pre-charge current regulation, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER Pre–charge Current , I(PRECHG) Battery Detection Current , I(DETECT) TEST CONDITIONS VI(BAT) < V(LOWV), VI(BAT) = 2.5 V, MIN TYP MAX UNIT t < t(30min) 10 13.5 17 mA t > t(30min) 160 210 300 µA www.ti.com 3 SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 charge termination detection, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C And supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER Taper current detect threshold, I(TAPER) Charge termination current detect threshold, I(TERM) TEST CONDITIONS MIN VI(BAT) > V(RCH) VI(BAT) > V(RCH) TYP MAX UNIT 22 25.5 29 mA 0.8 1.1 1.4 mA temperature comparator, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Lower Temperature Threshold, V(TS1) TS pin voltage 30 %VCC Upper Temperature Threshold, V(TS2) TS pin voltage 60 %VCC Accuracy –0.7 0.7 Hysteresis 1 %VCC %VCC low voltage battery threshold, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER LowV Threshold, V(LOWV) TEST CONDITIONS 0oC ≤ TJ ≤ 85oC MIN TYP MAX UNIT 2.8 2.95 3.1 Volts 2.8 3.0 3.2 Volts LowV Threshold, V(LOWV) battery recharge threshold, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Recharge Threshold, VRCH MIN VO(REG) 0.115 TYP MAX VO(REG) VO(REG) –0.1 0.85 UNIT Volts STAT output, Vcc ≥ VO(REG) , over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Output (low) saturation voltage, VOL(STAT) Io = 10 mA Output (high) saturation voltage VOH(STAT) Io = –5 mA MIN TYP MAX UNIT 0.5 Volts Vcc–1.5 Volts CE, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER Input (low) voltage, VIL(CE) Input (high) voltage VIH(CE) TEST CONDITIONS IIL = 5 µA IIH = 20 µA MIN TYP 0 MAX UNIT VCC–1 Volts Vcc–0.3 Volts timers, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) MIN TYP MAX UNIT Pre-charge and taper timer, t(PRECHG) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS 1,548 2,065 2,581 sec Taper timer, t(TAPER) 1,548 2,065 2,581 sec Charge Timer, t(CHG) 9,292 12,389 15,486 sec sleep comparator, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER Sleep–mode threshold, V(SLP) TEST CONDITIONS 2.3V ≤ VI(BAT) ≤ VO(REG) MIN TYP MAX V(BAT)–10 mV UNIT Volts power-on-reset and VIN Ramp Rate, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted) MIN TYP MAX POR Threshold, VPOR PARAMETER See Note 1 TEST CONDITIONS 2.3 2.4 2.5 Slew rate See Note 1 5 NOTE 1. Ensured by design, not production tested. 4 www.ti.com 5x 10–5 UNIT Volts Volts/µs SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 functional block diagram IN OUT R3 BAT Vcc Vcc R2 Iref R1 Vref Pre-Charge ok VSS ChargeOK Imax PwrDwn * Bias & Ref Generator TaperDet R4 VRCH R5 LowV PwrDwn* Vref Vref Imax GND/HS Iref R6 Vref TS PwrDwn * Thermal Shutdown Vcc Suspend* PwrDwn* OSC Vcc Charge Control, Timer and Display logic STAT ChargeOK Pre-Charge ok UDG–01105 detailed description IN: This pin is connected to the source of the internal P-channel powerFET. OUT: This pin is connected to the drain of the internal P-channel powerFET. Battery voltage sense (BAT): Voltage sense-input tied directly to the positive side of the battery. Temperature sense input (TS): Input for an external battery-temperature monitoring circuit. Charge status output (STAT): High-impedance indication of various charge conditions. Supply voltage input (VCC): Power supply input www.ti.com 5 SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 4.15 500 IOUT = 250 mA 450 400 VDO – Dropout Voltage – V VO(REG) – Output Voltage – V 4.14 4.13 4.12 VIN = 6.0 V 4.11 4.10 350 I OUT = 500 mA 300 250 I OUT = 350 mA 200 150 4.09 I 100 VIN = 4.8 V 4.08 50 0 4.07 –50 0 50 100 TJ – Junction Temperature – _C 0 20 40 80 120 60 100 TA – Junction Temperature – _C 140 Figure 2 Figure 1 SUPPLY CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE 2.5 400 VIN = 13.5 V IVCC1 – Supply Current – mA 350 VDO – Dropout Voltage – V OUT = 200 mA 2.0 I OUT = 500 mA 300 250 1.5 I 200 OUT = 350 mA VIN = 9.0 V 1.0 150 100 I VIN = 4.5 V OUT = 200 mA 0.5 50 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.0 –50 Figure 3 6 0 50 100 TJ – Junction Temperature – _C VO(reg) – Output Voltage – V Figure 4 www.ti.com 150 SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION DC+ bq24200DGN 1 IN OUT PACK+ 8 C2 VCC C1 2 VCC BAT 7 + PACK– RT1 3 DC– R1 4 STAT VSS TS N/C 6 5 RT2 TEMP BATTERY PACK UDG–01109 Figure 5. Low Dropout Single–Cell Li–Ion/Li–Pol Charger functional description The bq2420x supports a precision Li-Ion or Li-Pol charging system suitable for single-cells with either coke or graphite anodes. Figure 5 shows an application schematic and Figure 6 shows the typical charge profile. temperature qualification (bq24200 and bq24201 only) The bq24200 and bq24201 continuously monitors battery temperature by measuring the voltage between the TS and VSS pins. A negative- or a positive-temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC, PTC) and an external voltage divider typically develop this voltage (see figure 5). The bq24200 and bq24201 compare this voltage against the internal V(TS1) and V(TS2) thresholds to determine if charging is allowed (see Figure 7). The temperature sensing circuit is immune to any fluctuation in Vcc since both the external voltage divider and the internal thresholds are referenced to Vcc. Once a temperature outside the V(TS1) and V(TS2) thresholds is detected the bq24200 and bq24201 immediately suspend the charge. The bq24200 and bq24201 suspend the charge by turning off the powerFET and holding the timer value (i.e. timers are NOT reset). Charge is resumed when the temperature returns to the normal range. www.ti.com 7 SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION Pre-Conditioning Regulation Voltage Phase Current Phase (externally limited) Voltage Regulation and Charge Termination Phase Charge Current Charge Voltage Minimum Charge Voltage Charge Current Taper Detect Pre-Conditioning Current t(TAPER) t(PRECHG) t(CHG) Figure 6. Typical Charge Profile Vcc Charge Suspend and Low– PowerStandby Mode Vcc–0.3V Charge Suspend V(TS2) Normal TemperatureRange V (TS1) Charge Suspend Vss Figure 7. TS Pin Thresholds 8 www.ti.com SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION operational flow diagram POR SLEEP MODE Vcc > V (SLP) checked at all times Indicate SLEEP MODE (STAT=Hi–Z) No Yes V I(BAT) <V (LOWV) APPLY PRECHARGE, I (PRECHG) Reset and Start t (PRECHG) timer Yes Indicate Charge– In–Progress Current Phase V I(BAT) <V O(REG) Yes Indicate Charge– In–Progress Yes No No V I(BAT) <V O(REG) No V I(BAT) <V (LOWV) Reset all timers, Start t (CHG)timer Yes Regulate Voltage t (PRECHG) Expired? Indicate Charge– In–Progress Yes Yes – Fault Condition – Enable I (DETECT) t (CHG)Expired? Yes Indicate Fault No No Yes V I(BAT) <V O(REG) Battery replaced? No Yes I (TAPER) detection? Yes No t (TAPER) Expired? No I (TERM) detection? No Yes Yes Turn off charge IndicateDONE No V I(BAT)< V (RCH) ? Yes Figure 8. Operational Flow Chart www.ti.com 9 SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION The resistor values of RT1 and RT2 are calculated by the following equations: For NTC Thermistors: R T1 + R T2 + ǒ5 RT H RT CǓ ǒ3 ǒRTC * RTHǓǓ ǒ5 RT H RT CǓ * ǒ7 ǒ2 RT CǓ RT HǓ For PTC Thermistors: R T1 + R T2 + ǒ5 RT H RT CǓ ǒ3 ǒRTH * RTCǓǓ ǒ5 ǒ2 RT H RT HǓ * ǒ7 RT CǓ RT CǓ Where RTC is the cold temperature resistance and RTH is the hot temperature resistance of thermistor, as specified by the thermistor manufacturer. RT1 or RT2 can be omitted If only one temperature (hot or cold) setting is required. Applying a voltage between the VTS1 and VTS2 thresholds to pin TS disables the temperature-sensing feature. Also applying a voltage between (VCC – 0.3 V) and Vcc suspends the charge and places the IC in the low-power standby mode. battery pre-conditioning Figure 7 shows the operational flow chart for the bq2420x. Upon power-up, if the battery voltage is below the V(LOWV) threshold, the bq2420x applies a pre-charge current, I(PRECHG), to the battery. This feature revives deeply discharged cells. The bq2420x activates a safety timer, t(PRECHG), during the conditioning phase. If V(LOWV) threshold is not reached within the timer period, the bq2420x turns off the charger and enunciates FAULT on the STAT pin. In the case of a FAULT condition, the bq2420x reduces the current to I(DETECT). I(DETECT) is used to detect a battery replacement condition. Fault condition is cleared by POR or battery replacement. 10 www.ti.com SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION battery charge current Following a successful pre-conditioning, the bq2420x relies on an external current-limited supply to limit the charge current to the cell. The bq2420x continues this phase until the battery reaches the voltage regulation phase. During this phase (and all other phases of operation) in order to protect the integrated powerFET, the internal short circuit and thermal protection circuits are active. battery voltage regulation The voltage regulation feedback is through the BAT pin. This input is tied directly to the positive side of the battery pack. The bq2420x monitors the battery-pack voltage between the BAT and VSS pins. The bq2420x is offered in two fixed-voltage versions: 4.1 V and 4.2 V. As a safety backup, the bq2420x also monitors the charge time in the voltage regulation mode. If taper current is not detected within this time period, t(CHG), the bq2420x turns off the charger and enunciates FAULT on the STAT pin. Fault condition is cleared by POR or battery replacement. Note that the safety timer is reset if the bq2420x is forced out of the voltage regulation mode. charge termination and recharge The bq2420x monitors the charging current during the voltage regulation phase. Once the taper threshold, I(TAPER), is detected the bq2420x initiates the taper timer, t(TAPER). Charge is terminated after the timer expires. The bq2420x resets the taper timer in the event that the charge current returns above the taper threshold, I(TAPER). In addition to the taper current detection, the bq2420x terminates charge in the event that the charge current falls below the I(TERM) threshold. This feature allows for quick recognition of a battery removal condition. After a charge termination, the bq2420x restarts the charge once the voltage on the BAT pin falls below the V(RCH) threshold. This feature keeps the battery at full capacity at all times. sleep mode The bq2420x enters the low-power sleep mode if the Vcc is removed from the circuit (i.e. the Vcc and IN pins are floating). For applications where these pins are not floating, placing a low-power 10 Ω (1/16 W) between the IN and VCC pins ensures the V(SLP) conditions are met (see Figure 9).This feature prevents draining the battery during the absence of VCC. www.ti.com 11 SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION bq24200DGN DC+ C1 10 Ω 1/16 W 1 IN OUT 8 2 V CC BAT 7 3 STAT TS 6 4 VSS N/C 5 DC– UDG–01110 Figure 9. Sleep Mode charge enable pin The CE pin on bq24202, bq24203, bq24204 and bq24205 can be used to enable or suspend the charge. Charge is enabled if the voltage VIL(CE) is applied to the pin. Applying the VIH(CE) suspends the charge. During a charge suspend mode, the internal powerFET is turned off and all timers are reset. charge status output The STAT pin on the bq2420x, indicates various conditions of operation. These conditions are summarized in Table 1. Table 1. STAT Pin 12 Condition STAT Pre-charge High Fast-charge High Charge-complete Low Taper timer done Low Charge suspend (due to temperature or CE input) Hi–Z Thermal shutdown Hi–Z Pre-charge timer fault Hi–Z Sleep mode Hi–Z Charge timer fault Hi–Z www.ti.com SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001 PACKAGING INFORMATION DGN (S-PDSO-G8) PowerPAD PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE 0,38 0,25 0,65 8 0,08 M 5 Thermal Pad (See Note D) 0,15 NOM 3,05 2,95 4,98 4,78 Gage Plane 0,25 1 0°–ā6° 4 3,05 2,95 0,69 0,41 Seating Plane 1,07 MAX 0,15 0,05 0,10 4073271/B 08/01 NOTES: A. B. C. D. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Body dimensions include mold flash or protrusions. The package thermal performance may be enhanced by attaching an external heat sink to the thermal plane. This pad is electrically and thermally connected to the backside of the die and possibly selected leads. E. Falls within JEDEC MO-187 www.ti.com 13 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. 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