Fairchild FAN5601 Regulated step-down charge pump dc/dc converter Datasheet

FAN5601
Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Features
Description
■ > 85% Peak Efficiency
■ Low EMI
■ Low Ripple
The FAN5601 is an advanced third generation switched capacitor step down DC/DC converter utilizing Fairchild’s proprietary
ScalarPump™ technology. This innovative architecture utilizes
scalar switch re-configuration and fractional switching techniques to produce low output ripple, low ESR spikes and
improve efficiency over a wide load range.
■
■
■
■
■
Output Voltage 1.3V/1.8V
Input Voltage Range: 2.2V to 5.5V
Output Current: Up to 250mA
±2.5% Output Voltage Accuracy
30µA Operating Current
The FAN5601 produces a fixed regulated output from 2.2V to
5V input voltage. Customized output voltages are available in
100mV increments from 1V to 1.8V. Contact marketing for customized outputs.
■ ICC < 1µA in Shutdown Mode
■ 2MHz Operating Frequency
■ Shutdown Isolates Output from Input
In order to maximize efficiency, the FAN5601 achieves
regulation by skipping pulses. Depending upon load current, the
size of the switches is scaled dynamically, consequently, current
spikes and EMI are minimized. An internal soft start circuitry
prevents excessive current drawn from the supply. The device is
internally protected against short circuit and over temperature
conditions.
■ Soft-Start Limits Inrush Current
■ Short Circuit and Over Temperature Protection
■ Minimum External Component Count
■ 6-Lead 3x3mm MLP Package
The FAN5601 is available in 6-lead 3x3mm MLP.
Applications
ScalarPump™ is a registered trademark of Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation.
■ Cell Phones
■ Handheld Computers
■ Portable Electronic Equipment
■ Core Supply to Next Generation Processors
■ Low Voltage DC Bus
■ Digital Cameras
■ DSP Supplies
Typical Application
CB = 1µF
C+
FAN5601
INPUT 2.2V to 5.5V
VIN
CIN = 10µF
CVOUT
ENABLE GND
©2005 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
1
OUTPUT 1.0V t o 1.8V
COUT = 10µF
www.fairchildsemi.com
FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
July 2005
FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Pin Assignment
FAN5601
Top-View
C+
1
6
VIN
C-
2
5
VOUT
ENABLE
3
4
GND
6-Lead 3x3mm MLP
Pin Description
Pin Name
Pin No.
6-Lead 3x3mm MLP
1
C+
Bucket Capacitor Positive Connection
Pin Function Description
2
C-
Bucket Capacitor Negative Connection
3
ENABLE
4
GND
Ground
5
VOUT
Regulated Output Voltage. Bypass this pin with 10µF ceramic low ESR capacitor.
6
VIN
Enable Pin
Supply Voltage Input
2
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
VIN,VOUT, ENABLE to GND
-0.3
6.0
V
C+, C-, to GND
-0.3
VIN + 0.3
V
VOUT Short Circuit Duration
INDEFINITE
Lead Soldering Temperature (10 seconds)
Operating Temperature Range
-40
Junction Temperature
Storage Temperature
-55
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection (Note2)
HBM
4
CDM
1
300
°C
+85
°C
150
°C
150
°C
kV
Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Package
Input Voltage
Min
Typ
2.2
Output Current
Operating Ambient Temperature
Thermal Resistance Junction to Tab
Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient
-40
Max
Unit
5.5
V
250
mA
85
°C
6-lead 3x3mm MLP
8
°C/W
6-lead 3x3mm MLP (Note 3)
90
°C/W
Notes:
1. Operation beyond the absolute maximum rating may cause permanent damage to device.
2. Using Mil Std. 883E, method 3015.7(Human Body Model) and EIA/JESD22C101-A (Charge Device Model).
3. One square inch, 1oz bottom side GND plane connected to top side GND plane by field of via.
3
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note1)
VIN = 2.2V to 5.5V, IOUT = 1mA, CB = 1µF, CIN = 10µF, COUT = 10µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, typical values
measured at TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Conditions
Input Undervoltage Lockout
Min.
1.9
Output Voltage
Output Voltage Accuracy
Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient
No load Supply Current (Note 4)
Shutdown Supply Current
Output Short-circuit Current (Note 5)
Efficiency
VIN at Configuration Change
Max.
Units
2.0
2.17
V
Vnom
V
TA = 25°C, VIN = 3.3V
-2
+2
%
VIN = 3.3V
-2.5
+2.5
%
VIN = 3.3V
25
Load Regulation
Line Regulation
Typ.
ppm
0.133
mV/mA
TA = 25°C
1.35
2
mV/V
IOUT = 0mA,
VIN = 2.2V
30
60
µA
ENABLE =GND.
VOUT = 0
0.1
1
µA
VOUT = GND.
25
mA
VIN = 2.35 × VOUT
IOUT =150mA
85
%
From 2:1 to 1:1 mode
2.22 x Vnom
V
Oscillator Frequency
2.0
MHz
Thermal Shutdown Threshold
150
°C
°C
Thermal Shutdown Threshold Hysteresis
15
ENABLE Logic Input High Voltage, VIH
VIN = 2.2V to 5.5V
ENABLE Logic Input Low Voltage, VIL
VIN = 2.2V to 5.5V
ENABLE Logic Input Current
ENABLE = VIN or GND
VOUT Turn On Time
VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 0mA,
10% to 90%
1.3
V
0.4
-1
1
1
V
µA
mS
Notes:
4. No load supply current is measured when the oscillator is off.
5. The short circuit protection is designed to protect against pre-existing short circuit conditions, i.e. assembly shorts
that exist prior to device power-up. The short circuit current limit is 25mAAverage. Short circuit currents in normal
operation are inherently limited by the ON-resistance of internal device. Since this resistance is in the range of 1Ω,
in some cases thermal shutdown may occur. However, immediately following the first thermal shutdown event, the
short circuit condition will be treated as pre-existing, and the load current will reduce to 25mAAverage.
4
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Electrical Characteristics
FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Typical Performance Characteristics
TA = 25°C, CIN = COUT =10µF, CB = 1µF, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Load Transient Response
VIN = 3.3V
IOUT = 100mA
Load Current
(100mA/div)
V IN = 2 V to 4.4V
IOUT = 10mA
V IN = 2V
(20mV/div)
Output Voltage
(50mV/div)
V IN = 4.4V
(1V/div)
Input Voltage
Output Voltage
Line Transient Response
IOUT = 1mA
Time (10µs/div)
Time (1ms/div)
Shutdown Current vs Input Voltage
Input Current vs Input Voltage
70
46
Shutdown Current (nA)
Input Current (µA)
VOUT = 0V
IOUT = 0mA
44
42
40
38
36
34
32
60
50
40
30
20
30
10
28
2.0
2.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
3.0
3.5
5.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
Input Voltage (V)
Input Voltage (V)
Mode Change Threshold and Hysteresis
vs Load Current
Output Voltage vs Ambient Temperature
Threshold and Hysteresis (V)
1.31
Output Voltage (V)
1.30
VIN = 4V
IOUT = 10mA
1.29
1.28
1.27
1.26
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
3.0
2.5
High Threshold
Low Threshold
2.0
1.5
Hysteresis
1.0
0.5
0.0
0
100 120 140
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Load Current (mA)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
5
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
3.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
TA = 25°C, CIN = COUT =10µF, CB = 1µF, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Enable Delay
Enable Threshold vs Input Voltage
Output Voltage
(500m V/div)
1.3
IOUT = 10mA
TA = 25°C
1.1
IOUT = 10mA
VIN = 2.2V
1.0
0.9
Enable Voltage
(5V/div)
V En able (V)
1.2
0.8
0.7
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
V IN (V)
Time (400 s/div)
Output Ripple
IOUT = 1.3µA
VIN = 2.7V
VOUT = 1.3V
VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
IOUT = 1.3µA
VIN = 2.2V
Time (40ms/div)
Time (40ms/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
IOUT = 1.3µA
IOUT = 1.3µA
VIN = 3.6V
VIN = 4.2V
VOUT = 1.3V
VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
Output Ripple
(2mV/div)
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
Output Ripple
Time (20ms/div)
Time (20ms/div)
6
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
TA = 25°C, CIN = COUT =10µF, CB = 1µF, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Ripple
VOUT = 1.3V
VOUT = 1.3V
(10mV/div)
IOUT = 10mA
VIN = 2.2V
Output Ripple
IOUT = 1.3µA
VIN = 5.5V
(10mV/div)
Time (20ms/div)
Time (100µs/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
IOUT = 10mA
VIN = 3.6V
Output Ripple
VOUT = 1.3V
(10mV/div)
IOUT = 10mA
VIN = 2.7V
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (100µs/div)
Time (100µs/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
IOUT = 10mA
VIN = 5.5V
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (100µs/div)
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (100µs/div)
7
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
(10mV/div)
IOUT = 10mA
VIN = 4.2V
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
TA = 25°C, CIN= COUT =10µF, CB = 1µF, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Ripple
IOUT = 150mA
VIN = 2.7V
VOUT = 1.3V
VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple
(20mV/div)
IOUT = 150mA
VIN = 2.2V
Time (10µs/div)
Time (10µs/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
IOUT = 150mA
IOUT = 150mA
VIN = 3.6V
VIN = 4.2V
VOUT = 1.3V
VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple
(20mV/div)
Output Ripple
(20mV/div)
Output Ripple
(20mV/div)
Output Ripple
Time (1µs/div)
Time (10µs/div)
Output Ripple
IOUT = 150mA
Output Ripple
(20mV/div)
VIN = 5.5V
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (1µs/div)
8
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
TA = 25°C, CIN= COUT =10µF, CB = 1µF, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Voltage vs Input Voltage
Efficiency vs Input Voltage
100
1.35
90
1.30
VOUT = 1.3V
Efficiency (%)
Ouput Voltage (V)
80
1.25
1.20
1.15
Load Current = 1mA
Load Current = 10mA
Load Current = 50mA
Load Current = 100mA
Load Current = 150mA
Load Current = 250mA
1.10
1.05
1.00
TA = 25°C
70
60
50
40
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
30
20
10
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current
=
=
=
=
=
=
0
0.95
1
2
3
4
5
1
6
2
3
4
5
6
Input Voltage (V)
Input Voltage (V)
Output Voltage vs Load Current
Peak Efficiency vs Load Current
88
1.32
VIN = 4.5V
VIN = 2.95V
Peak Efficiency (%)
1.30
Ouput Voltage (V)
1mA
10mA
50mA
100mA
150mA
250mA
1.28
1.26
TA
TA
TA
TA
1.24
1.22
=
=
=
=
-40°C
0°C
80°C
125°C
TA = 25°C
86
84
82
80
1.20
78
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0
Load Current (mA)
100
150
200
250
300
Load Current (mA)
9
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
50
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V IN
0.25SW1
0.25SW1 0.5SW1
OSCILLATOR
(2MHz)
IN
VOLTAGE
REF.
SOFT START
Vref RAMP
OUT
Vref RAMP
FB
OUTPUT
150mV
0.5* INPUT
1V
C+
- CONFIGURATION
0.25SW2 0.25SW2 0.5SW2
+
-
CONTROL
LOGIC
+
-
D
R
I
V
E
R
S
PULSE_SKIP
SHORT_CKT.
0.25SW3
0.25SW3 0.5SW3
0.25SW4
0.25SW4 0.5SW4
C-
+
-
VOUT
UVLO
SHUTDOWN
+
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
FB
GND.
ENABLE
Detailed Description
Pulse-skipping PFM and Fractional Switch
Operation
The FAN5601 switched capacitor DC/DC converter automatically configures switches to achieve a high efficiency and provides a regulated output voltage by means of pulse skipping,
pulse frequency modulation (PFM). An internal soft start circuit
prevents excessive inrush current drawn from the supply. Each
switch is split into three segments. Based on the values of VIN,
VOUT and IOUT, an internal circuitry determines the number of
segments to be used to reduce current spikes.
When the regulated output voltage reaches its upper limit, the
switches are turned off the output voltage reaches its lower limit.
Considering a step-down 2:1 mode of operation, 1.6V output as
an example, when the output reaches about 1.62V(upper limit),
the control logic turns off all switches. Switching stops completely. This is pulse-skipping mode. Since the supply is isolated
from the output, the output voltage will drop. Once the output is
dropped to about 1.58V(lower limit), the device will return to regular switching mode with one quarter of each switch turning on
first. Another quarter of each switch will be turned on if VOUT
cannot reach regulation by the time of arrival of the third charge
cycle. Full switch operation occurs only during startup or under
heavy load condition, when half switch operation cannot
achieve regulation within seven charge cycles.
Step-Down Charge Pump Operation
When VIN ≥ 2.22 × VOUT, a 2:1 configuration shown in Fig.1(A)
is enabled. The factor 0.9 is used instead of 1 in order to
account for the effect of resistive losses across the switches and
to accommodate hysteresis in the voltage detector comparator.
Two phase non-overlapping clock signals are generated to drive
four switches. When switches 1 and 3 are ON, switches 2 and 4
are OFF and CB is charged. When switches 2 and 4 are ON,
switches 1 and 3 are OFF, charge is transferred from CB to
COUT.
Soft Start
The soft-start feature limits inrush current when the device is initially powered up and enabled. The reference voltage is used to
control the rate of the output voltage ramp-up to its final value.
Typical start-up time is 1ms. Since the rate of the output voltage
ramp-up is controlled by an internally generated slow ramp,
pulse-skipping occurs and inrush current is automatically limited.
When VIN <2.22 × VOUT , a 1:1 configuration shown in Fig. 1(B)
is enabled. In the 1:1 configuration switch 3 is always OFF and
the switch 4 is always ON. At 1.6V output setting the configuration changes from 2:1 to 1:1 at VIN = 3.56V. At 1.3V output setting the change occurs at VIN = 3.06V.
10
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Block Diagram
connected from the output. UVLO triggers when supply voltage
drops below 2V. When the output voltage is lower than 150mV, a
short circuit protection is triggered. In this mode 15 out of 16
pulses during the switching will be skipped and the supply current is limited. Thermal shutdown triggers at 150°C.
The device has an active-low shutdown pin to decrease supply
current to less than 1µA. In shutdown mode the supply is dis-
Switch Configuration
VIN
VIN
S1
S1
C+
C+
S2
S2
C
B
VOUT
VOUT
C
B
S3
S3
C-
CC
OUT
C
S4
OUT
S4
GND
GND
Figure 2. (A)
Figure 2. (B)
1:1 configuration
Switch 3 is always off and
Switch 4 is always on
Switches 1 and 2 are in phase 1
Reverse the position of switches 1&2
for phase 2
2:1 configuration
Switches in charging phase
Reverse all switches for pumping phase
Applications Information
The value of the bucket capacitor is dependent on load current
requirements. A 1µF bucket capacitor will work well in all applications at all load currents, while a 0.1µF capacitor will support
most applications under 100mA of load current. The choice of
bucket capacitor values should be verified in the actual application at the lowest input voltage and highest load current. A 30%
margin of safety is recommended in order to account for the tolerance of the bucket capacitor and the variations in the on-resistance of the internal switches.
Proper operation of the FAN5601 requires one ceramic bucket
capacitor in the 0.1µF to 1µF range; one 10µF output bypass
capacitor and one 10µF input bypass capacitor. In order to
obtain optimum output ripple and noise performance, use of low
ESR (<0.05Ω) ceramic input and output bypass capacitors is
recommended. The X5R and X7R rated capacitors provide adequate performance over the -40°C to 85°C temperature range.
11
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Shutdown, UVLO, Short Circuit Current Limit
and Thermal Shutdown
In applications where conductive and radiated EMI/RFI interference has to be kept as low as possible, the user may consider
the use of additional input and output filtering. For example,
adding an L-C filter to the standard output bypass configuration
is very effective in reducing both the output ripple and the voltage spikes. Figure 2 shows an L-C filter using a 100nH chip
inductor and a 1µF capacitor. The channel 1 of Figure 3 shows
the ripple voltage at the output of the device while Channel 2
shows the ripple voltage at the output of the filter at VIN = 3.3V,
(10mV/div)
Output Ripple
VOUT = 1.3V and IOUT = 100mA. Similar filtering method will
greatly reduce the current spikes at the input. The user should
be mindful of considering resistive voltage drops in the inductors connected serially in the input and output leads.
IOUT = 100mA
VIN = 3.3V
(10mV/div)
Ripple at CF
VOUT = 1.3V
CB = 1µF
Time (10µs/div)
VIN
CIN = 10µF
C–
FAN5601
INPUT 2.2V to 5.5V
C+
LF = 100nH Output 1.0V to 1.8V
Figure 2. Effect of L-C Filter on output ripple
VOUT
CF = 1µF
While evaluating the FAN5601 (or any other switched capacitor
DC-DC converter) the user should be careful to keep the power
supply source impedance low; use of long wires causing high
lead inductances and resistive losses should be avoided. A
carefully laid out ground plane is essential because current
spikes are generated as the bucket capacitor is charged and
discharged. The input and output bypass capacitors should be
placed as close to the device pins as possible.
COUT = 10µF
ENABLE GND
Figure 1. Optional L-C Filter
12
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
One of the key benefits of the ScalarPump™ architecture is that
the dynamically scaled on-resistance of the switches effectively
reduces the peak current in the bucket capacitor and therefore
input and output ripple current is also reduced. Nevertheless,
due to the ESR of the input and output bypass capacitors, these
current spikes generate voltage spikes at the input and output
pins. However, these ESR spikes can be easily filtered because
their frequency lie at up to 12 times the clock frequency.
6-Lead 3x3mm MLP Package
2.45
0.15
3.0
C
2X
1.65
2.10
3.50
3.0
(0.70)
0.15
C
0.95 TYP
0.65 TYP
2X
TOP VIEW
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
0.8 MAX
0.10
C
(0.20)
0.08
C
0.05
0.00
SIDE VIEW
SEATING
PLANE
2.25
PIN #1 IDENT
3
1
0.45
0.20
1.65
0.2 MIN
4
6
0.95
1.90
0.30~0.45
0.10
0.05
C A B
C
BOTTOM VIEW
NOTES:
A. CONFORMS TO JEDEC REGISTRATION MO-229,
VARIATION WEEA, DATED 11/2001
B. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
C. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994
13
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Mechanical Dimensions
Product Number
Package Type
Voltage Option [Vnom]
Order Code
FAN5601
6-Lead 3x3mm MLP
1.3V
FAN5601MP13X
6-Lead 3x3mm MLP
1.8V
FAN5601MP18X
14
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
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FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
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PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS
Definition of Terms
Datasheet Identification
Product Status
Definition
Advance Information
Formative or
In Design
This datasheet contains the design specifications for
product development. Specifications may change in
any manner without notice.
Preliminary
First Production
This datasheet contains preliminary data, and
supplementary data will be published at a later date.
Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make
changes at any time without notice in order to improve
design.
No Identification Needed
Full Production
This datasheet contains final specifications. Fairchild
Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at
any time without notice in order to improve design.
Obsolete
Not In Production
This datasheet contains specifications on a product
that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor.
The datasheet is printed for reference information only.
Rev. I16
15
FAN5601 Rev. 1.0.5
www.fairchildsemi.com
FAN5601 Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
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