EMC EM78P809N 8-bit microcontroller Datasheet

EM78P809N
8-BIT
Microcontroller
Product
Specification
DOC. VERSION 1.0
ELAN MCCROELECTRONICS CORP.
July 2005
Trademark Acknowledgments:
IBM is a registered trademark and PS/2 is a trademark of IBM.
Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
ELAN and ELAN logo
are trademarks of ELAN Microelectronics Corporation.
Copyright © 2005 by ELAN Microelectronics Corporation
All Rights Reserved
Printed in Taiwan
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Contents
Contents
1 General Description····························································································1
2 Features···············································································································1
2.1
CPU ········································································································································1
2.2
Applications·····························································································································2
3 Pin Assignment···································································································3
4 Pin Description····································································································3
4 Function Description ··························································································5
4.1
Functional Block Diagram·······································································································5
4.2
Operating Registers ················································································································6
4.3
Special Purpose Registers····································································································23
4.4
CPU Operation Mode ···········································································································27
4.5
AD Converter ························································································································29
4.6
Time Base Timer and Keytone Generator ············································································31
4.7
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)························································33
4.8
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) ···························································································36
4.9
Timer/Counter 2 ····················································································································40
4.10 Timer/Counter 3 ····················································································································42
4.11 Timer/Counter 4 ····················································································································44
4.12 TCC/WDT & Prescaler··········································································································46
4.13 I/O Ports································································································································47
4.14 RESET and Wake-up············································································································47
4.15 Interrupt·································································································································54
4.16 Oscillator ·······························································································································55
4.17 Code Option Register ···········································································································58
4.18 Power-on Considerations ·····································································································59
4.19 Instruction Set ·······················································································································61
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
• iii
Contents
5 Absolute Maximum Ratings ·············································································63
5.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings ··································································································63
5.2
Recommended Operating Conditions···················································································63
6 Electrical Characteristics ·················································································64
6.1
DC Electrical Characteristics ································································································64
6.2
AC Electrical Characteristic ··································································································67
6.3
Timing Diagram····················································································································68
APPENDIX···············································································································69
Package Types: ······························································································································69
Specification Revision History
Version
0.9
1.0
iv •
Revision Description
Preliminary
Initial Version
Date
2004/03/04
2005/07/26
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
1
General Description
The EM78P809N is an 8-bit microprocessor with low-power, high-speed CMOS
technology and high noise immunity. It has a built-in 8K×13-bits Electrical One Time
Programmable Read Only Memory (OTP-ROM). It provides multi-protection bits to
prevent intrusion of user’s OTP memory codes. Seven Option bits are also available to
meet user’s requirements.
With its OTP-ROM feature, the EM78P809N is able to offer a convenient way of
developing and verifying user’s programs. Moreover, user can take advantage of
ELAN Writer to easily program his development code.
2
Features
2.1 CPU
Operating voltage: 2.5V~5.5V
Operating temperature range: -40°C~85°C
Operating frequency range (base on 2 clocks)
Crystal mode: 1MHz ~ 8MHz at 4.5V, 1MHz ~ 4MHz at 2.5V
RC mode: 1MHz ~ 4MHz at 2.5V
Low power consumption:
Typically 0.8 µA, during sleep mode
8K × 13 bits on-chip ROM
Multi-security bits to prevent intrusion of OTP memory codes
One configuration register accommodates user’s requirements
144 × 8 bits on-chip registers (SRAM, general purpose register)
4 bi-directional I/O ports (22 pins)
High sink current output pin: 14 pins
10 programmable pull high I/O pins
10 programmable pull low I/O pins
8 level stacks for subroutine nesting
High performance MCU: Two clocks per instruction cycle
15 interrupts (External: 4, Internal: 11)
Programmable free running watchdog timer
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
•1
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
16 bits Counter/Timer
TC2: Timer/Counter/Window
8 bits Timer/Counter
TCC: 8-bit real time clock/counter with overflow interrupt
TC3: Timer/Counter/Capture
TC4: Timer/Counter/ PWM (pulse width modulation)/PDO (Programmable
divider output)
Time Base Timer: (1Hz ~16kHz at 8MHz)
Key tone output: (1kHz ~ 8kHz at 8MHz)
Serial transmitter/receiver interface
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI): Three-wire synchronous communication
Universal asynchronous receiver transmitter interface (UART): Two wire
asynchronous communication
AD converter
8 channel 10 bits resolution AD converter
Operating mode:
Normal mode: Oscillation circuit turned on, CPU and Peripheral circuit in
operation
Idle mode: Oscillation circuit turned on, CPU halt and Peripheral circuit in
operation
Sleep mode: Oscillation circuit turned off, CPU and Peripheral circuit halt
Package types:
28-pin DIP 600 mil: EM78P809NP
28-pin SOP 300 mil: EM78P809NM
28-pin SSOP 209 mil: EM78P809NS
99.9% single instruction cycle commands
2.2 Applications
General purpose
2•
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
3
Pin Assignment
(ACLK) OSCO
OSCI
TEST
(AD0) P90
(AD1) P91
(AD2) P92
(AD3) P93
(AD4) P94
(AD5) P95
(AD6) P96
(AD7/VREF) P97
(TC3, INT3) P80
(TC4, /PWM, /PDO) P81
VSS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
VDD
/RESET (VPP)
P67 (DINCK)
P66 (DATAIN)
P65 (PGMB)
P64 (/SS)(OEB)
P63 (/TONE)
P62 (TC2)
P61 (INT1)
P60 (/INT0)
P73 (/SLEEP, /INT5)
P72 (TX,SO)
P71(RX,SI)
P70 (/SCK)
EM78P809N
Fig. 1. Pin Assignment
4
Pin Description
Table 1
Symbol Pin No.
Type
VDD
28
-
OSCI
2
I
OSCO
1
I/O
Function
* Power supply
* Crystal type: Crystal input terminal
* RC type: RC oscillator input pin
* Crystal type: Output terminal for crystal oscillator
* RC type: Instruction clock output
* External clock signal input
/RESET
27
I
* Input pin with Schmitt trigger. If this pin remains at logic low, the
controller will also remain in reset condition.
* P60~P67 are bi-directional I/O pins
* P60 can be used as external interrupt 0 (/INT0)
* P61 can be used as external interrupt 1 (INT1)
P60~P67
19~26
I/O
* P62 can be used as 16-bit Timer/Counter 2 (TC2)
* P63 can be used as divider output (/TONE)
* P64 slave mode enable (/SS)
* P60 ~ P63 can be used as pull high or pull low pins
* P70~P77 are bi-directional I/O pins
* P70 can be used as SPI serial clock input/output (/SCK)
* P71 can be used as SPI serial data input (SI) or UART data receive
input (RX)
P70~P73
15~18
I/O
* P72 can be used as SPI serial data output (SO) or UART data
transmit output (TX)
* P73 can be used as SLEEP mode release input (/SLEEP) or external
interrupt input 5 (/INT5)
* P70 ~ P73 can be used as pull high or pull low pins
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
•3
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Symbol Pin No.
Type
Function
* P80~P83 are bi-directional I/O pins
P80~P81
12~13
I/O
* P80 can be used as 8-bit Timer/Counter 3 (TC3) or external Interrupt
Input 3 (INT3)
* P81 can be used as 8-bit Timer/Counter 4 (TC4) or programmable
divider output (PDO)
* P80 ~ P81 can be used as pull high or pull low pins
* P90~P97 are bi-directional I/O pins
P90~P97
4~11
I/O
* P90~P97 can be used as 8 channel 10-bit resolution A/D converter
* P97 can be used as AD reference power supply input (VREF)
VSS
14
-
* Ground
NC
3
-
* No connection
OTP Programming Pins
4•
VPP
27
I
Programming voltage input
ACLK
1
I
CLK for OTP memory address increment
DATAIN
25
I/O
DINCK
26
I
ROM code input clock
PGMB
24
I
Program write enable pin. Active low.
OEB
23
I
Output enable pin. Active low.
ROM code series input and series output pin
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4
Function Description
4.1 Functional Block Diagram
OSCI
OSCO
WDT timer
Stack
ROM
WDT Prescaler
Oscillator
Timing Control
R2
TCC Prescaler
R1 (TCC)
General RAM
Control Sleep and
Wake-up I/O Port
Interrupt
Control
ALU
Instruction
Register
R3
R5
ACC
Instruction
Decoder
R4
DATA and CONTROL BUS
TC 2 (16-bit Timer/Counter)
TC 3 (8-bit Timer/Counter, Capture Mode)
TC 4 (8-bit Timer/Counter, PWM, PDO)
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)
UART (Universal Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter)
8 channel 10 bit ADC
Keytone
TBT (Time Base Timer)
PORT6
IOC6
R6
P60 ~ P67
PORT7
IOC7
R7
P70 ~ P73
PORT8
IOC8
R8
P80 ~ P81
PORT9
IOC9
R9
P90 ~ P97
Fig. 2. Functional Block Diagram
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
•5
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.2 Operating Registers
REGISTER
BANK 0
REGISTER
BANK 1
REGISTER
BANK 2
REGISTER
BANK 3
CONTROL
REGISTER
Address
00
R0/ IAR
01
R1/ TCC
02
R2/ PC
03
R3/ SR
04
R4/ RSR
05
SCR
TC3CR
URC1
SPIC1
Reserved
06
PORT6
TC3DA
URC2
SPIC2
IOC6
07
PORT7
TC3DB
URS
SPID
IOC7
08
PORT8
TC2CR/ ADDL
URRD
Reserved
IOC8
09
PORT9
TC2DH
URTD
Reserved
IOC9
0A
Reserved
TC2DL
Reserved
PHC1
Reserved
0B
TC4CR
ADCR
Reserved
PLC1
INTCR
0C
TC4D
ADIC
Reserved
PHC2
ADOSCR
0D
ISFR0
ADDH
Reserved
PLC2
Reserved
0E
ISFR1
TBKTC
Reserved
Reserved
IMR1
0F
ISFR2
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
IMR2
10
:
1F
16 Byte
Common Register
BANK 0
R4 (7,6) = (0,0)
BANK 1
R4 (7,6) = (0,1)
BANK2
R4 (7,6) = (1,0)
BANK 3
R4 (7,6) = (1,1)
32 Byte
Common Register
32 Byte
Common Register
32 Bytes
Common Register
32 Bytes
Common Register
20
:
3F
R3 (7,6)= (0,1)
R3 (7,6)= (1,0)
R3 (7,6)= (1,1)
Fig. 3. Operating Registers
6•
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
•
R0/IAR − Indirect Addressing Register ( Address: 00h )
R0 is not a physically implemented register. Its major function is to act as an indirect
addressing pointer. Any instruction using R0 as a pointer actually accesses data
pointed by the RAM Select Register (R4).
•
R1/TCC − Time Clock /Counter ( Address: 01h )
This register is writable and readable just like the other registers. The contents of the
prescaler counter are cleared only when a value is written into the TCC register.
•
R2/PC − Program Counter & Stack ( Address: 02h )
Depending on the device type, R2 and hardware stack are 10-bit wide. The
structure is depicted in Fig.4.
Generates 8192 ×13 bits on-chip OTP ROM addresses to the relative
programming instruction codes. One program page is 1024 words long.
R2 is set as all "0"s when under RESET condition
"JMP" instruction allows direct loading of the lower 10 program counter bits.
Thus, "JMP" allows the PC to go to any location within a page.
"CALL" instruction loads the lower 10 bits of the PC, and then PC+1 is
pushed into the stack. Thus, the subroutine entry address can be located
anywhere within a page.
"RET" ("RETL k", "RETI") instruction loads the program counter with the
contents of the top-level stack.
All instructions are single instruction cycle (fclk/2 or fclk/4) except for the
instruction that would change the contents of R2. Such instruction will need
one more instruction cycle.
For an interrupt trigger, the program ROM will jump to individual interrupt
vector at Page 0. The CPU will store ACC, R3 status and R5 PAGE
automatically, it will restore after instruction RETI.
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
•7
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
R5
PC
A12
A11
A10
A9
A8
001 : PAGE1 0400~07FF
010 : PAGE2 0800~0BFF
~
A0
0000h
WDT Timer Overflow
0003h
External INT0 Pin Interrupt Occurs
0006h
TCC Overflow
0009h
STACK LEVEL 3
External INT1 pin Interrupt Occurs
000Fh
STACK LEVEL 4
Time Base Timer Interrupt
0012h
STACK LEVEL 6
UART Transmit Data Buffer Empty
0015h
STACK LEVEL 7
UART Receive Data Buffer Full
0018h
UART Receive Error
001Bh
TC3 Interrupt
0021h
SPI Interrupt
0024h
TC4 Interrupt
0027h
External INT3 Pin Interrupt Occurs
0030h
AD Conversion Complete
0033h
External INT5 Pin Interrupt Occurs
0036h
Store ACC, R3, R5
STACK LEVEL 1
STACK LEVEL 2
011 : PAGE3 0C00~0FFF
100 : PAGE4 1000~13FF
STACK LEVEL 5
101 : PAGE5 1400~17FF
110 : PAGE6 1800~1BFF
STACK LEVEL 8
111 : PAGE7 1C00~1FFF
User Memory Space
Reset Vector
CALL
RET
RETL
RETI
000 : PAGE0 0000~03FF
A7
On-chip Program Memory
1FFFh
Fig. 4. Program Counter Organization
•
R3/SR − Status Register ( Address: 03h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
RBS1
RBS0
0
T
P
Z
DC
C
Bit 7 ~ Bit 6 (RBS1 ~ RBS0) : R-Register page select
RBS1
RBS0
Register Bank (Address 05H ~ 0FH)
0
0
Bank 0
0
1
Bank 1
1
0
Bank 2
1
1
Bank 3
Bit 5 : Not used
Bit 4 (T) : Time-out bit. Set to “1” with the "SLEP" and "WDTC" commands, or
during power up, and reset to “0” with the WDT time-out.
8•
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 3 (P) : Power down bit. Set to “1” during power on or by a "WDTC" command
and reset to “0” by a "SLEP" command.
Bit 2 (Z) : Zero flag. Set to "1" if the result of an arithmetic or logic operation is
zero.
Bit 1 (DC) : Auxiliary carry flag
Bit 0 (C) : Carry flag
•
R4/RSR − RAM Select Register ( Address: 04h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
GRBS1
RBS0
RSR5
RSR4
RSR3
RSR2
RSR1
RSR0
Bit 7: 6 ( GRBS1 : GRBS0 ) : determine which general purpose banks are
activated among the 4 banks. Use BANK instruction (e.g. BABK 1) to
change bank.
GRBS1
GRBS0
General Purpose Register Bank (Address 20H ~ 3FH)
0
0
Bank 0
0
1
Bank 1
1
0
Bank 2
1
1
Bank 3
Bit 5: 0 ( RSR5 : RSR0 ) : are used to select the registers (address: 00h~3Fh) in
the indirect addressing mode. If no indirect addressing is used, the RSR
can be used as an 8-bit general-purpose read/write register. See the
data memory configuration in Fig. 3.
•
•
Register Bank 0 ( R3 bits (7, 6) = (0, 0) )
SCR − System Control Register, Program ROM Page Select ( Address: 05h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
PS2
PS1
PS0
0
1
SIS
REM
Bit 6 (PS2) ~ 4 (PS0) : ROM Page select bits. User can use PAGE instruction (e.g.
PAGE 1) or set PS2~PS0 bits to change the ROM page. When
executing a "JMP", "CALL", or other instructions which cause the
program counter to change (e.g. MOV R2, A), PS2~PS0 are loaded into
the 13th to 11th bits of the program counter and select one of the
available program memory pages. Note that RET (RETL, RETI)
instruction does not change the PS2~PS0 bits. That is, return will
always be to the page from where the subroutine was called, regardless
of the PS2~PS0 bits current setting.
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
•9
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
PS2
PS1
PS0
Program Memory Page [Address]
0
0
0
Page 0 [0000~03FF]
0
0
1
Page 1 [0400~07FF]
0
1
0
Page 2 [0800~0BFF]
0
1
1
Page 3 [0C00~0FFF]
1
0
0
Page 4 [1000~13FF]
1
0
1
Page 5 [1400~17FF]
1
1
0
Page 6 [1800~1BFF]
1
1
1
Page 7 [1C00~1FFF]
Bit 1 ( SIS ) : SLEEP and IDLE mode select.
SIS = “0” : IDLE mode
SIS = “1” : SLEEP mode
Bit 0 ( REM ) : Release method for sleep mode.
REM = “0” : /SLEEP pin input rising edge release
REM = “1” : /SLEEP pin input “H” level release
•
PORT6 − Port 6 I/O Data Register ( Address: 06h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
P67
P66
P65
P64
P63
P62
P61
P60
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( P67 ~ P60 ) : 8-bits Port 6 I/O data register
User can use IOC6 register to define each bit whether input or output.
•
PORT7 — Port 7 I/O Data Register ( Address: 07h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
0
0
P73
P72
P71
P70
Bit 3 ~ Bit 0 ( P73 ~ P70 ) : Port 73 ~ Port 70 I/O data register
User can use IOC7 register to define each bit whether input or output.
•
PORT8 − Port 8 I/O Data Register ( Address: 08h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P81
P80
Bit 1 ~ Bit 0 ( P81 ~ P80 ) : Port 81 ~ Port 80 I/O data register
User can use IOC8 register to define input or output each bit.
10 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
•
PORT9 − Port 9 I/O Data Register ( Address: 09h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
P97
P96
P95
P94
P93
P92
P91
P90
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( P97 ~ P90 ) : 8-bit Port 97 ~ Port 90 I/O data register
User can use IOC9 register to define each bit whether input or output.
•
TC4CR — Timer/Counter 4 Control Register ( Address: 0Bh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC4FF1
TC4FF0
TC4S
TC4CK2
TC4CK1
TC4CK0
TC4M1
TC4M0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 6 ( TC4FF1 ~ TC4FF0 ) : Timer/Counter4 flip-flop control.
TC4FF1
TC4FF0
Operating Mode
0
0
Clear
0
1
Toggle
1
0
Set
1
1
Reserved
Bit 5 ( TC4S ) : Timer/Counter 4 start control.
TC4S = “0” : Stop and clear counter
TC4S = “1” : Start
Bit 4 ~ Bit 2 ( TC4CK2 ~ TC4CK 0 ) : Timer/Counter 4 Clock Source Select
Clock Source
Resolution
Max. Time
( Normal, Idle )
( Fosc=8M )
( Fosc=8M )
0
Fc/2^11
250uS
64mS
0
1
Fc/2^7
16uS
4mS
0
1
0
Fc/2^5
4uS
1mS
0
1
1
Fc/2^3
1uS
255uS
1
0
0
Fc/2^2
500nS
127.5uS
1
0
1
Fc/2^1
250nS
63.8uS
1
1
0
Fc
125nS
31.9uS
1
1
1
External clock (TC4 pin)
--
--
TC4CK2
TC4CK1
TC4CK0
0
0
0
Bit 1 ~ Bit 0 ( TC4M1 ~ TC4M0 ) : Timer/Counter 4 Operating Mode Select
TC4M1
TC4M0
Operating Mode
0
0
Timer/Counter
0
1
Reserved
1
0
Programmable Divider output
1
1
Pulse Width Modulation output
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 11
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
•
TC4D − Timer 4 Data Buffer ( Address: 0Ch )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC4D7
TC4D6
TC4D5
TC4D4
TC4D3
TC4D2
TC4D1
TC4D0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( TC4D7 ~ TC4D0 ) : Data buffer of 8-bit Timer/Counter 4.
•
ISFR0 − Interrupt Status Flag Register 0 and INT3 Edge Detect Flag.
( Address : 0Dh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
INT3F
INT3R
0
0
WDTIF
EXIF0
Bit 5 ( INT3F ) : External interrupt 3 falling edge detect flag.
INT3F = “0” : Falling edge is not detected
INT3F = “1” : Falling edge is detected
Bit 4 ( INT3R ) : External interrupt 3 rising edge detect flag.
INT3R = “0” : Rising edge is not detected
INT3R = “1” : Rising edge is detected
Bit 1 ( WDTIF ) : WDT time-out flag, flag cleared by software.
Bit 0 ( EXIF0 ) : External interrupt flag (INT0). Flag cleared by software. If the
INT0EN is reset to “0”, the flag is cleared.
•
ISFR1 − Interrupt Status Flag Register 1 ( Address: 0Eh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
EXIF5
TCIF2
ADIF
0
EXIF3
TCIF4
SPIF
TCIF3
Bit 7 ( EXIF5 ) : External Interrupt Flag (/INT5), flag cleared by software.
Bit 6 ( TCIF2 ) : 16-bit Timer/Counter 2 Interrupt Flag, flag cleared by software.
Bit 5 ( ADIF ) : AD conversion complete flag, flag cleared by software.
Bit 3 ( EXIF3 ) : External Interrupt Flag (/INT3), flag cleared by software.
Bit 2 ( TCIF4 ) : 8-bit Timer/Counter 4 Interrupt Flag, flag cleared by software.
Bit 1 ( SPIF ) : SPI Mode Interrupt Flag, flag cleared by software.
Bit 0 ( TCIF3 ) : 8-bit Timer/Counter 3 interrupt flag, flag cleared by software.
"1" means interrupt request, "0" means non-interrupt
ISFR1 can be cleared by instruction, but cannot be set by instruction
IMR1 is the interrupt mask register
Note that reading ISFR1 will obtain the result of the ISFR1 "logic AND" and
IMR1.
12 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
•
ISFR2 − Interrupt Status Flag Register 2 ( Address: 0Fh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
UERRIF
RBFF
TBEF
TBIF
EXIF1
0
TCIF0
Bit 6 (UERRIF) : UART Receiving Error Interrupt, cleared by software or UART
disabled.
Bit 5 (RBFF) : UART Receive Mode Data Buffer Full Interrupt Flag. Flag cleared
by software.
Bit 4 (TBEF) : UART Transmit Mode Data Buffer Empty Interrupt Flag. Flag
cleared by software.
Bit 3 (TBIF) : Time Base Timer Interrupt Flag. Flag cleared by software.
Bit 2 (EXIF1) : External Interrupt Flag (INT1). Flag cleared by software.
Bit 0 (TCIF0) : TCC Overflow Interrupt Flag. Set as TCC overflows; flag cleared
by software.
"1" means interrupt request, "0" means non-interrupt
ISFR2 can be cleared by instruction, but cannot be set by instruction
IMR2 is the interrupt mask register
Note that reading ISFR2 will obtain the result of the ISFR2 "logic AND" and
IMR2
•
Register Bank 1 ( R3 bits ( 7,6) = (0,1) )
•
TC3CR − Timer/Counter 3 Control Register ( Address: 05h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC3CAP
TC3S
TC3CK1
TC3CK0
TC3M
0
0
0
Bit 7 ( TC3CAP ) : Software capture control
TC3CAP = “0” : TC3CAP = “1” : Software capture
Bit 6 ( TC3S ) : Timer/Counter 3 start control
TC3S = “0” : Stop and counter clear
TC3S = “1” : Start
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 13
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 5 ~ Bit 4 ( TC3CK1 ~ TC3CK0 ) : Timer/Counter3 Clock Source Select
Clock source
Resolution
Max. time
( Normal, Idle )
( Fc=8M )
( Fc=8M )
0
Fc/212
512µS
131.1mS
1
10
128µS
32.6mS
7
16µS
4.1mS
-
-
TC3CK1
TC3CK0
0
0
Fc/2
1
0
Fc/2
1
1
External clock (TC3 pin)
Bit 3 ( TC3M ) : Timer/Counter 3 mode select
TC3M = “0” : Timer/Counter3 mode
TC3M = “1” : Capture mode
•
TC3DA − Timer 3 Data Buffer A ( Address: 06h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC3DA7
TC3DA6
TC3DA5
TC3DA4
TC3DA3
TC3DA2
TC3DA1
TC3DA0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( TC3DA7 ~ TC3DA0 ) : Data buffer of 8-bit Timer/Counter 3.
Reset does not affect this register.
•
TC3DB − Timer 3 Data Buffer B ( Address: 07h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC3DB7
TC3DB6
TC3DB5
TC3DB4
TC3DB3
TC3DB2
TC3DB1
TC3DB0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( TC3DB7 ~ TC3DB0 ) : Data buffer of 8-bit Timer/Counter 3
Reset does not affect this register.
•
TC2CR/ ADDL — Timer/Counter 2 Control Register, AD Low 2 bits Data
Buffer ( Address: 08h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ADD1
ADD0
0
TC2M
TC2S
TC2CK2
TC2CK1
TC2CK0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 6 ( ADD1 ~ ADD0 ) : AD low 2-bit data buffer
Bit 4 ( TC2M ) : Timer/Counter 2 mode select
TC2M = “0” : Timer/counter mode
TC2M = “1” : Window mode
Bit 3 ( TC2S ) : Timer/Counter 2 start control
TC2S = “0” : Stop and counter clear
TC2S = “1” : Start
14 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 ( TC2CK2 ~ TC2CK0 ) : Timer/Counter 2 Clock Source Select
Resolution
Max. Time
( Fc=8M )
( Fc=8M )
0
Fc/223
1.05s
19.1h
1
13
1.02ms
1.1min
Fc/2
8
32µs
2.1s
3
1µs
65.5ms
TC2CK1
TC2CK0
0
0
0
0
•
Clock Source
( Normal, Idle )
TC2CK2
0
1
Fc/2
0
0
1
1
Fc/2
1
0
0
Fc
125ns
7.9ms
1
0
1
-
-
-
1
1
0
-
-
-
1
1
1
External clock (TC2 pin)
TC2DH − Timer 2 Data Buffer High Byte ( Address: 09h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC2D15
TC2D14
TC2D13
TC2D12
TC2D11
TC2D10
TC2D9
TC2D8
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( TC2D15 ~ TC2D8 ) : 16-bit Timer/Counter 2 data buffer high byte.
•
TC2DL − Timer 2 Data Buffer Low Byte ( Address: 0Ah )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC2D7
TC2D6
TC2D5
TC2D4
TC2D3
TC2D2
TC2D1
TC2D0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( TC2D7 ~ TC2D0 ) : 16-bit Timer/Counter 2 data buffer low byte.
•
ADCR − AD Control Register ( Address: 0Bh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ADREF
ADRUN
ADCK1
ADCK0
ADP
ADIS2
ADIS1
ADIS0
Bit 7 ( ADREF ) : AD reference voltage input select.
ADREF = “0” : Internal VDD, P97 is used as IO.
ADREF = “1” : External reference pin, P97 is used as reference input pin.
Bit 6 ( ADRUN ) : AD Conversion start
ADRUN = “0” : Reset on completion of the conversion by hardware, this bit
cannot be reset by software.
ADRUN = “1” : Conversion starts
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 15
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 5~ Bit 4 ( ADCK1 ~ ADCK0 ) : AD Conversion Time Select
Clock Source
( Normal, Idle )
Max. Operating
Frequency (Fc)
0
Fc/4
1MHz
0
1
Fc/16
4MHz
1
0
Fc/32
8MHz
1
1
Reserved
-
ADCK1
ADCK0
0
Bit 3 ( ADP ) : AD power control
ADP = “0” : Power on
ADP = “1” : Power down
Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 ( ADIS2 ~ ADIS0 ) : Analog Input Pin Select
•
ADIS2
ADIS1
ADIS0
Analog Input Pin
0
0
0
AD0
0
0
1
AD1
0
1
0
AD2
0
1
1
AD3
1
0
0
AD4
1
0
1
AD5
1
1
0
AD6
1
1
1
AD7
ADIC − AD Input Pin Control ( Address: 0Ch )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ADE7
ADE6
ADE5
ADE4
ADE3
ADE2
ADE1
ADE0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( ADE7 ~ ADE0 ) : AD input pin enable control.
ADEx = “0” : PORT9.x act as I/O pin.
ADEx = “1” : PORT9.x act as analog input pin.
•
ADDH − AD High 8-bit Data Buffer ( Address: 0Dh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ADD9
ADD8
ADD7
ADD6
ADD5
ADD4
ADD3
ADD2
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( ADD9 ~ ADD2 ) : AD high 8-bit data buffer.
16 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
•
TBKTC − TBT/Keytone Control ( Address: 0Eh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TEN
TCK1
TCK0
0
TBTEN
TBTCK2
TBTCK1
TBTCK0
Bit 7 ( TEN ) : Keytone enable control
TEN = “0” : Disable
TEN = “1” : Enable
Bit 6 ~ Bit 5 ( TCK1 ~ TCK0 ) : Keytone Output Clock Source Select
TCK1
TCK0
0
Clock Source
Keytone Output Frequency
( Normal, Idle )
( Fc = 8MHz )
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
Fc/2
13
0.976kHz
Fc/2
12
1.953kHz
Fc/2
11
3.906kHz
Fc/2
10
7.812kHz
Bit 3 ( TBTEN ) : Time Base Timer Enable Control
TBTEN = “0” : Disable
TBTEN = “1” : Enable
Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 ( TBTCK2 ~ TBTCK0 ) : Time Base Timer Clock Source Select
TBTCK2
TBTCK1
0
TBTCK0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
( Fc = 8MHz )
0
1
1
( Normal, Idle )
1
1
0
Interrupt Frequency
0
0
0
Clock Source
0
1
1
Fc/2
23
0.95Hz
Fc/2
21
3.81Hz
Fc/2
16
122.07Hz
Fc/2
14
488.28Hz
Fc/2
13
976.56Hz
Fc/2
12
1953.12Hz
Fc/2
11
3906.25Hz
9
15625Hz
Fc/2
•
Register Bank 2 ( R3 bits (7, 6) = (1, 0) )
•
URC1 − UART Control Register 1 ( Address: 05h )
Bit 7
URTD8
Bit 6
Bit 5
UMODE1 UMODE0
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
BRATE2
BRATE1
BRATE0
UTBE
TXE
Bit 7 ( URTD8 ) : Transmission data bit 8
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 17
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 6 ~ Bit 5 ( UMODE1 ~ UMODE0 ) : UART Transmission Mode Select Bit
UMODE1
UMODE0
UART Mode
0
0
Mode1: 7-bits
0
1
Mode2: 8-bits
1
0
Mode3: 9-bits
1
1
Reserved
Bit 4 ~ Bit 2 ( BRATE2 ~ BRATE1 ) : Transmit Baud Rate Select
BRATE2
BRATE1
BRATE0
Baud Rate
e.g. Fc=8MHz
0
0
0
Fc/13
38400
0
0
1
Fc/26
19200
0
1
0
Fc/52
9600
0
1
1
Fc/104
4800
1
0
0
Fc/208
2400
1
0
1
Fc/416
1200
1
1
0
TC4
1
1
1
Fc/96
Bit 1 ( UTBE ) : UART transfer buffer empty flag. Set to 1 when transfer buffer is
empty. Reset to 0 automatically when writing into the URTD register. UTBE bit will
be cleared by hardware when enabling the transmission. UTBE bit is read-only.
Therefore, writing to the URTD register is necessary when we want to start
transmission shifting.
Bit 0 ( TXE ) : Enable transmission
TXE = “0” : Disable
TXE = “1” : Enable
•
URC2 − UART Control Register 2 ( Address: 06h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
SBIM1
SBIM0
UINVEN
0
0
0
Bit 5 ~ Bit 4 ( SBIM1 ~ SBIM0 ) : Serial bus interface operation mode select.
TC2CK1
TC2CK0
Operation Mode
0
0
I/O mode
0
1
SPI mode
1
0
UART mode
1
1
Reserved
Bit 3 ( UINVEN ) : Enable UART TXD and RXD port inverse output.
UINVEN = “0” : Disable TXD and RXD port inverse output.
UINVEN = “1” : Enable TXD and RXD port inverse output.
18 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
•
URS − UART Status Register ( Address: 07h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
URRD8
EVEN
PRE
PRERR
OVERR
FMERR
URBF
RXE
Bit 7 ( URRD8 ) : Receiving data bit 8
Bit 6 ( EVEN ) : Select parity check
EVEN = “0” : Odd parity
EVEN = “1” : Even parity
Bit 5 ( PRE ) : Enable parity addition
PRE = “0” : Disable
PRE = “1” : Enable
Bit 4 ( PRERR ) : Parity error flag.
Set to 1 when parity error occurred, and cleared to 0 by software.
Bit 3 ( OVERR ) : Overrun error flag.
Set to 1 when overrun error occurred, and cleared to 0 by software.
Bit 2 ( FMERR ) : Framing error flag.
Set to 1 when framing error occurred, and cleared to 0 by software.
Bit 1 ( URBF ) : UART read buffer full flag.
Set to 1 when one character is received. Reset to 0 automatically when read
from the URS register. URBF will be cleared by hardware when receiving is
enabled. URBF bit is read-only. Therefore, reading the URS register is
necessary to avoid an overrun error.
Bit 0 ( RXE ) : Enable receiving
RXE = “0” : Disable
RXE = “1” : Enable
•
URRD − UART Receive Data Buffer ( Address: 08h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
URRD7
URRD6
URRD5
URRD4
URRD3
URRD2
URRD1
URRD0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( URRD7 ~ URRD0 ) : UART receive data buffer. Read only.
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 19
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
•
URTD − UART Transmit Data Buffer ( Address: 09h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
URTD 7
URTD 6
URTD 5
URTD 4
URTD 3
URTD 2
URTD 1
URTD0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( URTD 7 ~ URTD 0) : UART transmit data buffer. Write only.
•
•
Register Bank 3 ( R3 bits ( 7,6) = (1,1) )
SPIC1 − SPI Control Register 1 ( Address: 05h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
SMP
DCOL
BRS2
BRS1
BRS0
EDS
DORD
WBE
Bit 7 ( SMP ) : SPI data input sample phase.
SMP = “0” : Input data sampled at middle of data output time
SMP = “1” : Input data sampled at the end of data output time
In using external clock, data input sample is fixed at the middle of data output time.
Bit 6 ( DCOL ) : SPI Data collision.
DCOL = “0” : Data collision didn’t occur
DCOL = “1” : Data collision occurred. It should be cleared by software.
Bit 5 ~ Bit 3 ( BRS0 ~ BRS2 ) : SPI Clock Source Select
BRS2
0
0
0
0
1
BRS1
0
0
1
1
0
BRS0
0
1
0
1
0
Clock Source
Max. Transfer Rate
( Normal, Idle )
( Fc = 8MHz )
Fc/2
13
0.95Kbit/s
Fc/2
11
3.8Kbit/s
Fc/2
10
7.6Kbit/s
Fc/2
8
30.5Kbit/s
Fc/2
6
122Kbit/s
5
244Kbit/s
1
0
1
Fc/2
1
1
0
External clock (/SCK pin)
-
1
1
1
External clock (/SCK pin)
-
Bit 2 ( EDS ) : Data shift out edge select.
EDS = “0” : Rising edge
EDS = “1” : Falling edge
Bit 1 ( DORD ) : Data transmission order.
DORD = “0” : Shift left (MSB first)
DORD = “1” : Shift right (LSB first)
20 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 0 ( WBE ) : Write buffer empty flag. Read only.
WBE = “0” : Write buffer empty
WBE = “1” : Not empty, set to “1” automatically when writing data to the data
buffer.
•
SPIC2 − SPI Control Register 2 (Address : 06h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
SPIS
0
0
0
0
SPIM1
SPIM0
RBF
Bit 7 ( SPIS ) : SPI start shift, set the bit to “1” and shift register starts to shift. It is
cleared by hardware when shifting is finished. In transferring the
next data, it must be set to “1” again.
SPIS = “0” : Shift finish
SPIS = “1” : Shift starts
Bit 2 ~ Bit 1 ( SPIM1 ~ SPIM0) : SPI Transfer Mode Select
TC2CK1
TC2CK0
Transfer Mode
0
0
8-bit Transmit/Receive mode
0
1
8-bit Transmit mode
1
0
8-bit Receive mode
1
1
Reserved
Bit 0 ( RBF ) : Set to 1 by Buffer Full Detector, and cleared to 0 automatically when
reading data from the SPID register. RBF bit will be cleared by
hardware when enabling SPI. And RBF bit is read-only. Therefore,
reading the SPRL register is necessary to avoid data collision to
occur (DCOL).
•
SPID (SPI Data Buffer ( Address: 07h )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
SPID7
SPID6
SPID5
SPID4
SPID3
SPID2
SPID1
SPID0
Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ( SPID7 ~ SPID0 ) : SPI data buffer.
•
PHC1 − Pull High Control Register 1 ( Address: 0Ah )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
-
-
/PHE81
/PHE80
/PHE63
/PHE62
/PHE61
/PHE60
Bit 5 ~ 4 ( /PHE81 ~ /PHE80 ) : bits 1, 0 of Port 8 Pull high enable bit
/PHE8x = “0” : Enable P8x pull high
/PHE8x = “1” : Disable P8x pull high
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 21
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 3 ~ 0 ( /PHE63 ~ /PHE60 ) : bit 3 ~ 0 of Port 6 Pull high enable bit
/PHE6x = “0” : Enable P6x pull high
/PHE6x = “1” : Disable P6x pull high
•
PLC1 (Pull Low Control Register 1 ( Address : 0Bh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
-
-
/PLE81
/PLE80
/PLE63
/PLE62
/PLE61
/PLE60
Bit 5 ~ 4 ( /PLE81 ~ /PLE80 ) : bits 1, 0 of Port 8 Pull low enable bit
/PLE8x = “0” : Enable P8x pull low
/PLE8x = “1” : Disable P8x pull low
Bit 3 ~ 0 ( /PLE63 ~ /PLE60 ) : bits 3 ~ 0 of Port 6 Pull low enable bit
/PLE6x = “0” : Enable P6x pull low
/PLE6x = “1” : Disable P6x pull low
•
PHC2 − Pull High Control Register 2 ( Address: 0Ch )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
-
-
-
-
/PHE73
/PHE72
/PHE71
/PHE70
Bit 3 ~ 0 ( /PHE73 ~ /PHE70 ) : bits 3 ~ 0 of Port 7 Pull high enable bit
/PHE7x = “0” : Enable P7x pull high
/PHE7x = “1” : Disable P7x pull high
•
PLC2 − Pull Low Control 2 ( Address: 0Dh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
-
-
-
-
/PLE73
/PLE72
/PLE71
/PLE70
Bit 3 ~ 0 ( /PLE73 ~ /PLE70 ) : bits 3 ~ 0 of Port 7 Pull low enable bit
/PLE7x = “0” : Enable P7x pull low
/PLE7x = “1” : Disable P7x pull low
•
22 •
R10~R1F and R20~R3F (including Banks 0~3) are General Purpose Register
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.3 Special Purpose Registers
A
(Accumulator)
Internal data transfer, or instruction operand holding.
It cannot be addressed.
•
CONT (Control Register)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
WDTO
/INT
WDTP1
WDTP0
WDTE
PSR2
PSR1
PSR0
CONT register is both readable and writable.
Bit 7 ( WDTO ) : WDT output select
WDTO = “0” : Interrupt request
WDTO = “1” : Internal reset
Bit 6 ( /INT ) : Interrupt enable flag
/INT = “0” : masked by DISI or hardware interrupt
/INT = “1” : enabled by ENI/RETI instructions
Bit 5 ~ Bit 4 ( WDTP1 ~ WDTP0 ) : WDT prescaler bits.
WDTP1
WDTP0
Operating Mode
0
0
1:4
0
1
1:16
1
0
1:64
1
1
1:256
Bit 3 ( WDTE ) : WDT enable control.
WDTE = “0” : Disable
WDTE = “1” : Enable
Bit 2 ( PSR2 ) ~ Bit 0 ( PSR0 ) : TCC prescaler bits.
PSR2
PSR1
PSR0
Operating Mode
0
0
0
1:2
0
0
1
1:4
0
1
0
1:8
0
1
1
1:16
1
0
0
1:32
1
0
1
1:64
1
1
0
1:128
1
1
1
1:256
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 23
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
•
IOC6 ~ IOC9 − I/O Port Control Register
"1" puts the relative I/O pin into high impedance, while "0" defines the relative
I/O pin as output.
IOC6 and IOC9 registers are both readable and writable.
•
INTCR − INT Control Register ( Address : 0Bh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
INT1NR
INT0EN
0
INT3ES1
INT3ES0
0
INT1ES
TC2ES
Bit 7 ( INT1NR ) : INT1 noise reject time select
INT1NR = “0” : Pulses less than 63/fc are eliminated as noise
INT1NR = “1” : Pulses less than 15/fc are eliminated as noise
Bit 6 ( INT0EN ) : INT0 enable control
INT0EN = “0” : General I/O
INT0EN = “1” : /INT0 pin
Bit 5 : Reserved
Bit 4 ~ Bit 3 ( INT3ES1 ~ INT3ES0) : INT3 edge select
INT3ES1
INT3ES0
Edge Select
0
0
Rising
0
1
Falling
1
0
Both edge
1
1
Reserved
Bit 2 : Reserved
Bit 1 ( INT1ES ) : INT1 edge select
INT1ES = “0” : Rising edge
INT1ES = “1” : Falling edge
Bit 0 (TC2ES) : Timer/Counter 2 edge select.
TC2ES = “0” : Rising edge
TC2ES = “1” : Falling edge
24 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
External Interrupt
INT Pin
•
Secondary
Function Pin
Enable Condition
Edge
Digital Noise
Reject
/INT0
P60
ENI + INT0EN (IOCB)
Falling
-
INT1
P61
ENI + EXIE1 (IMR2)
Rising or Falling
15/Fc, 63/Fc
INT3
P80, TC3
ENI + EXIE3 (IMR2)
Rising or Falling or
Rising/Falling
7/Fc
/INT5
P73, /SLEEP
ENI + EXIE5 (IMR2)
-
ADOSCR − AD Offset Control Register ( Address : 0Ch )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
CALI
SIGN
VOF[2]
VOF[1]
VOF[0]
0
0
0
Bit 7 (CALI) : Calibration enable bit for A/D offset
CALI = “0” : Calibration disable
CALI = “1” : Calibration enable
Bit 6 ( SIGN ) : Polarity bit of offset voltage
SIGN = “0” : Negative voltage
SIGN = “1” : Positive voltage
Bit 5 ~ Bit 3 ( VOF[2] ~ VOF[0] ) : Offset voltage bits
•
IMR1 − Interrupt Mask Register 1 ( Address : 0Eh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
EXIE5
TCIE2
ADIE
0
EXIE3
TCIE4
SPIE
TCIE3
Bit 7 ( EXIE5 ) : External/INT5 pin Interrupt enable bit.
EXIE5 = “0” : disable EXIF5 interrupt
EXIE5 = “1” : enable EXIF5 interrupt
Bit 6 ( TCIE2 ) : Timer/Counter 2 Interrupt enable bit.
TCIE2 = “0” : disable TCIF2 interrupt
TCIE2 = “1” : enable TCIF2 interrupt
Bit 5 ( ADIE ) : ADC complete interrupt enable bit.
ADIE = “0” : disable ADIF interrupt
ADIE = “1” : enable ADIF interrupt
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 25
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 3 ( EXIE3 ) : External INT3 pin Interrupt enable bit.
EXIE3 = “0” : disable EXIF3 interrupt
EXIE3 = “1” : enable EXIF3 interrupt
Bit 2 ( TCIE4 ) : Timer/Counter 4 Interrupt enable bit.
TCIE4 = “0” : disable TCIF4 interrupt
TCIE4 = “1” : enable TCIF4 interrupt
Bit 1 ( SPIE ) : SPI Interrupt enable bit.
SPIE = “0” : disable SPIF interrupt
SPIE = “1” : enable SPIF interrupt
Bit 0 ( TCIE3 ) : Timer/Counter 3 Interrupt enable bit.
TCIE3 = “0” : disable TCIF3 interrupt
TCIE3 = “1” : enable TCIF3 interrupt
Individual interrupt is enabled by setting its associated control bit in the IMR1
to "1".
Global interrupt is enabled by the ENI instruction and is disabled by the DISI
instruction.
IMR1 register is both readable and writable.
•
IMR2 − Interrupt Mask Register 2( Address: 0Fh )
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
UERRIE
URIE
UTIE
TBIE
EXIE1
0
TCIE0
Bit 6 ( UERRIE ) : UART receive error interrupt enable bit.
UERRIE = “0” : disable UERRIF interrupt
UERRIE = “1” : enable UERRIF interrupt
Bit 5 ( URIE ) : UART receive mode interrupt enable bit.
URIE = “0” : disable RBFF interrupt
URIE = “1” : enable RBFF interrupt
Bit 4 ( UTIE ) : UART transmit mode interrupt enable bit.
UTIE = “0” : disable TBEF interrupt
UTIE = “1” : enable TBEF interrupt
26 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 3 ( TBIE ) : Time base timer interrupt enable bit.
TBIE = “0” : disable TBIF interrupt
TBIE = “1” : enable TBIF interrupt
Bit 2 ( EXIE1 ) : External INT 1 Interrupt enable bit.
EXIE1 = “0” : disable EXIF1 interrupt
EXIE1 = “1” : enable EXIF1 interrupt
Bit 0 ( TCIE0 ) : TCC Interrupt enable bit.
TCIE0 = “0” : disable TCIF0 interrupt
TCIE0 = “1” : enable TCIF0 interrupt
Individual interrupt is enabled by setting its associated control bit in the IMR2
to "1".
Global interrupt is enabled by the ENI instruction and is disabled by the DISI
instruction.
IMR2 register is both readable and writable.
4.4 CPU Operation Mode
Registers for CPU operation mode
R_BANK
Address
NAME
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
BANK 0
0X05
SCR
0
PS2
PS1
PS0
0
1
SIS
REM
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
--
R/W
R/W
* R_BANK: Register Bank (bits 7, 6 of R3), R/W: Read/Write
Reset Occurs
SIS=0 + SLEP
IDLE MODE
CPU : Halts
Fosc: Oscillates
SIS=1 + SLEP
NORMAL MODE
CPU : Operating
Fosc: Oscillates
Interrupt
SLEEP MODE
CPU : Halts
Fosc: Stops
/SLEEP Pin Input
Fig 5. Operation Mode and Switching
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 27
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Table 2. Mode Switching Control
Mode Switch
Normal
Sleep
Sleep
Normal
Normal
Idle
Idle
Normal
Switch Method
Note
Set SIS = 1, execute SLEP instruction
/SLEEP pin wake up
Set SIS = 0, execute SLEP instruction
Interrupt
Table 3. Operation Mode
Operation Mode
Frequency
Reset
Signal
Normal
Clock
Idle
Sleep
CPU Code
Reset
Turn on
Turn off
Fosc
Halt
On-chip
Peripherals
Reset
Fosc
Halt
In NORMAL mode, the CPU core and on-chip peripherals operate in oscillator
frequency.
In IDLE mode, the CPU core halts, but the on-chip peripheral and oscillator circuit
remain active. IDLE mode is released to NORMAL mode by any interrupt source. If the
ENI instruction is set, an interrupt will be serviced first followed by executing the next
instruction which is after the IDLE mode is released and the interrupt service is finished.
If the ENI instruction is not set, the next instruction will be executed which is after the
IDLE mode start instruction. IDLE mode can also be released by setting the /RESET
pin to low and executing a reset operation.
In SLEEP mode, the internal oscillator is turned off and all system operation is halted.
SLEEP mode is released by /SLEEP pin (level sensitive or edge sensitive can be set by
System Control Register (SCR) bit 0 (REM)). After a warm-up period, the next
instruction will be executed which is after the SLEEP mode start instruction. SLEEP
mode can also be released by setting the /RESET pin to low and executing a reset
operation. In level sensitive mode, the /SLEEP pin must be confirmed in low level
before entering SLEEP mode. In edge sensitive mode, SLEEP mode is started even
when the /SLEEP pin is in high level.
Table 4. Wake-up Methods
Wake-up Signal
SLEEP Mode
IDLE Mode
R5 (SIS) = 1+SLEP
Instruction
R5 (SIS)= 0 + SLEP
Instruction
1. Individual interrupt source
in IMR1, IMR2
2. WDT interrupt request
3. /INT0
4. ENI instruction is not
executed
28 •
NORMAL
Mode
R5 (SIS)=(*)
1. Wake-up
No effect
(**)
2. Jump to the next
instruction or enter
IDLE mode
No effect
(**)
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Wake-up Signal
1. Individual interrupt source
in IMR1, IMR2
2. WDT interrupt request
SLEEP Mode
IDLE Mode
R5 (SIS) = 1+SLEP
Instruction
R5 (SIS)= 0 + SLEP
Instruction
NORMAL
Mode
R5 (SIS)=(*)
1. Wake-up
2. Jump to an Interrupt
vector after RETI
Interrupt
instruction, then jump
to the next instruction
or enter IDLE mode
No effect
(**)
3. /INT0
4. Execute ENI instruction
1. Wake-up
2. Jump to the next
instruction or
enter SLEEP
mode
/SLEEP pin
No effect
No effect
/RESET pin
Reset
Reset
Reset
WDT time out
Reset
Reset
Reset
*→ Don’t care
** → Interrupt request flag will be recorded
4.5 AD Converter
Registers for AD Converter Circuit
R_BANK Address NAME
BANK 1
BANK 1
BANK 1
BANK 1
BANK 0
SPR
SPR
0X0B
0X0C
0X0D
0X08
0x0E
0x0C
0x0E
ADCR
ADIC
ADDH
ADDL
ISFR1
ADOSCR
IMR1
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
ADREF ADRUN ADCK1 ADCK0
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ADP
ADIS2
ADIS1
ADIS0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
ADE7
ADE6
ADE5
ADE4
ADE3
ADE2
ADE1
ADE0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
ADD9
ADD8
ADD7
ADD6
ADD5
ADD4
ADD3
ADD2
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
ADD1
ADD0
0
TC2M
TC2S
R
R
--
R/W
EXIF5
TCIF2
ADIF
R/W
R/W
R/W
CALI
SIGN
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EXIE5
TCIE2
ADIE
R/W
R/W
R/W
TC2CK TC2CK TC2CK
2
1
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
EXIF3
TCIF4
SPIF
TCIF3
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
R/W
--
--
--
0
EXIE3
TCIE4
SPIE
TCIE3
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
VOF[2] VOF[1] VOF[0]
* R_BANK : Register Bank (bits 7, 6 of R3), R/W: Read / Write
* SPR : Special Purpose Registers
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 29
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
AD7 (P97)
AD6 (P96)
VDD
8 to 1 Analog switch
AD5 (P95)
AD4 (P94)
AD3 (P93)
AD2 (P92)
VREF
ADC
(Successive Approximation)
Power Down
Start to Convert
Fosc/4
AD1 (P91)
Fosc/16
Fosc/32
4 to 1
MUX
AD0 (P90)
7-0
ADIC
2
1
0
ADCR
5
ADCR
4
5
ISFR1
5
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
IMR1
6
3
7
ADCR
DATA BUS
Fig. 6. AD Converter
It is a 10-bit successive approximation type AD converter. The upper side of analog
reference voltage can select either internal VDD or external input pin P97 (VREF) by
setting the ADREF bit in ADCR.
ADC Data Register:
When the A/D conversion is complete, the result is loaded to the ADDH (8 bit) and
ADDL (2 bit). The START/END bit is cleared, and the ADIF is set.
A/D Sampling Time:
The accuracy, linearity, and speed of the successive approximation A/D converter are
dependent on the properties of the ADC. The source impedance and the internal
sampling impedance directly affect the time required to charge the sample holding
capacitor. The application program controls the length of the sample time to meet the
specified accuracy. Generally speaking, the program should wait for 2 µs for each KΩ
of the analog source impedance and at least 2 µs for the low-impedance source. The
maximum recommended impedance for the analog source is 10KΩ at VDD =5V. After
the analog input channel is selected, this acquisition time must be done before A/D
conversion can be started.
A/D Conversion Time:
ADCK0 and ADCK1 select the conversion time (Tct), in terms of instruction cycles.
This allows the MCU to run at maximum frequency without sacrificing accuracy of A/D
conversion. For the EM78P809N, the conversion time per bit is about 4µs. Table 5
shows the relationship between Tct and the maximum operating frequencies.
30 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Table 5
ADCK1:0 Operation Mode
Max. Frequency
(Fc)
Max. Conversion
Rate per Bit
Max. Conversion
Rate
00
Fc/4
1MHz
250kHz (4µs)
48us(20.8kHz)
01
Fc/16
4MHz
250kHz (4µs)
48us(20.8kHz)
10
Fc/32
8MHz
250kHz (4µs)
8us(20.8kHz)
11
Reserved
-
-
-
4.6 Time Base Timer and Keytone Generator
Registers for AD Converter Circuit
R_BANK Address NAME Bit 7
BANK 1
0X0E
BANK 0
0x0F
SPR
0x0F
TBKTC
ISFR2
IMR2
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
TEN
TCK1
TCK0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
TBEF
TBIF
EXIF1
0
TCIF0
0
UERRIF RBFF
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TBTEN TBTCK2 TBTCK1 TBTCK0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
R/W
0
UERRIE
URIE
UTIE
TBIE
EXIE1
0
TCIE0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
R/W
Output Latch
D
Data Output
Bit 3
Output Enable (P63)
Q
/TONE Pin
13
Fosc/2
12
Fosc/2
MUX
11
Fosc/2
10
Fosc/2
TCK1:0
2
TEN
TBKTC
Fig. 7. TONE Output Pin Configuration
Keytone output can generate 50% duty pulse for driving a piezo-electric buzzer. The
P63 must be set to “1” before keytone enable and it can be halted by setting P63 to “0”.
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 31
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
P63
TEN
TONE Pin
Fig. 8. TONE Output Pin Timing Chart
23
Fosc/2
21
Fosc/2
16
Fosc/2
14
Fosc/2
13
Fosc/2
MUX
Falling Edge
Detector
12
Fosc/2
TBT
Interrupt
11
Fosc/2
Fosc/2
9
TBTEN
TBTCK2:0
3
TBKTC
Fig. 9. TBT Configuration
Time Base Timer is used to generate the base time for key scan or dynamic display
processing. The interrupt is generated in the first falling edge of the source clock after
TBTEN is set to “1”.
Source Clock
TBTEN
TBT Interrupt
Fig. 10. Time Base Timer Timing Chart
32 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.7 UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)
Registers for UART Circuit
R_BANK Address NAME
BANK 2
BANK 2
BANK 2
BANK 2
BANK 2
BANK 0
SFR
0X05
0X06
0X07
0X08
0X09
0x0F
0x0F
URC1
Bit 7
Bit 1
Bit 0
URTD8 UMODE1 UMODE0 BRATE2 BRATE1 BRATE0 UTBE
TXE
Bit 5
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
SBIM1
--
--
R/W
URRD8
EVEN
PRE
R/W
R/W
R/W
URC2
URS
Bit 6
URRD URRD7 URRD6
URRD5
R
R
R
URTD URTD 7 URTD 6
Bit 4
R/W
Bit 3
R/W
SBIM0 UINVEN
R/W
R/W
Bit 2
R/W
R
R/W
0
0
0
--
--
--
URBF
RXE
R
R/W
PRERR OVERR FMERR
R/W
R/W
R/W
URRD4 URRD3 URRD2 URRD1 URRD0
R
R
R
R
R
URTD 5 URTD 4 URTD 3 URTD 2 URTD 1 URTD0
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
0
UERRIF
RBFF
TBEF
TBIF
EXIF1
0
TCIF0
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
0
UERRIE
URIE
UTIE
TBIE
EXIE1
0
TCIE0
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
ISFR2
IMR2
TC4
RXE
Selector
Fsystem
Baud rate
generator
RX Control
Interrupt
Control
RX shift register
Parity control
TX Control
TXE
RX
UINVEN
URRD8 URRD
Error flag
TX
URTD8
Data Bus
URTD
UINVEN
Fig. 11. Function Block Diagram
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 33
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
In Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART), each transmitted or received
character is individually synchronized by framing it with a start bit and stop bit.
Full duplex data transfer is possible since the UART has independent transmit and
receive sections. Double buffering for both sections allows the UART to be
programmed for continuous data transfer.
The figure below shows the general format of one character sent or received. The
communication channel is normally held in the marked state (high). Character
transmission or reception starts with a transition to the space state (low).
The first bit transmitted or received is the start bit (low). It is followed by the data bits, in
which the least significant bit (LSB) comes first. The data bits are followed by the parity
bit. If present, then the stop bit or bits (high) confirm the end of the frame.
In receiving, the UART synchronizes on the falling edge of the start bit. When two or
three “0” are detected during three samples, it is recognized as normal start bit and the
receiving operation is started.
START
bit
D0
D1
1 bit
D2
Dn
7 or 8 bits
Idle state
(mark)
Parity STOP
bit
bit
1 bit
1 bits
One character or frame
Fig. 12. DATA Format in UART
4.7.1 UART MODE:
There are three UART modes. Mode 1 (7 bits data) and Mode 2 (8 bits data) allow the
addition of a parity bit. The parity bit addition is not available in Mode 3. The Figure
below shows the data format in each mode.
UMODE
Mode 1
Mode 2
Mode 3
PRE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0
0
0
START
7 bits DATA
STOP
0
0
1
START
7 bits DATA
Parity
0
1
0
START
8 bits DATA
STOP
0
1
1
START
8 bits DATA
Parity STOP
1
0
X
START
9 bits DATA
STOP
STOP
Fig. 13. UART Mode
34 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.7.2 Transmitting:
In transmitting serial data, the UART operates as follows:
1. Set the TXE bit of the URC1 register to enable the UART transmission function.
2. Write data into the URTD register and the UTBE bit of the URC1 register will be set
by hardware.
3. Then start transmitting.
4. Serially transmitted data are transmitted in the following order from the TX pin.
5. Start bit: one “0” bit is output.
6. Transmit data: 7, 8 or 9 bits data are output from the LSB to the MSB.
7. Parity bit: one parity bit (odd or even selectable) is output.
8. Stop bit: one “1” bit (stop bit) is output.
Mark state: output “1” continues until the start bit of the next transmitted data.
After transmitting the stop bit, the UART generates a TBEF interrupt (if enabled).
4.7.3 Receiving:
In receiving, the UART operates as follows:
1.
Set RXE bit of the URS register to enable the UART receiving function.
The UART monitors the RX pin and synchronizes internally when it detects a start
bit.
2.
Receive data is shifted into the URRD register in the order from LSB to MSB.
3.
The parity bit and the stop bit are received.
After one character received, the UART generates a RBFF interrupt (if enable).
And URBF bit of URS register will be set to 1.
4.
The UART makes the following checks:
(a) Parity check: The number of 1 of the received data must match the even or
odd parity setting of the EVEN bit in the URS register.
(b) Frame check: The start bit must be 0 and the stop bit must be 1.
(c) Overrun check: The URBF bit of the URS register must be cleared (that
means the URRD register should be read out) before next received data is loaded
into the URRD register.
If any checks failed, the UERRIF interrupt will be generated (if enabled), and an
error flag is indicated in PRERR, OVERR or FMERR bit. The error flag should be
cleared by software else the UERRIF interrupt will occur when the next byte is
received.
5.
Read received data from URRD register. And URBF bit will be clear by hardware.
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 35
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.7.4
Baud Rate Generator:
The baud rate generator is comprised of a circuit that generates a clock pulse to
determine the transfer speed for transmission/reception in the UART.
The BRATE2~BRATE0 bits of the URC1 register can determine the desired baud rate.
4.8 SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)
Registers for the SPI Circuit
R_BANK Address NAME
BANK 3
BANK 3
BANK 3
BANK 0
SFR
0X05
SPIC1
0X06
SPIC2
0X07
SPID
0x0E
ISFR1
0x0E
IMR1
RBFI
DCOL
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
SMP
DCOL
BRS2
BRS1
BRS0
EDS
DORD
WBE
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
SPIS
0
0
0
0
SPIM1
SPIM0
RBF
R/W
--
--
--
--
R/W
R/W
R
SPID7
SPID6
SPID5
SPID4
SPID3
SPID2
SPID1
SPID0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EXIF5
TCIF2
ADIF
0
EXIF3
TCIF4
SPIF
TCIF3
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EXIE5
TCIE2
ADIE
0
EXIE3
TCIE4
SPIE
TCIE3
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
RBF
SE
Set to 1
Collision
Detector
Clear
Buffer Full
Detector
Tx Empty
Detector
SHIFT Register
SPID
(8 bits)
reg
SDI
TLS0~1
DORD SMP
2
SDO
Master/Slave
EDS
Edge
Select
BRS2~0
3
/SS
/SS enable
Tsystem
BRS2~0
3
Prescaler
4, 16, 64, 256,1024
TC1/2
SE
Edge
Select
EDS
SCK
Fig. 14. SPI Block Diagram
36 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
The serial interface are connected to external devices via P70 (/SCK), P71 (SI), P72
(SO). The serial interface can also be used as I/O port. In the transmit mode, P71 can
be used as normal I/O port and in receive mode, P72 and P71 can be used as normal
I/O ports.
4.8.1 Serial Clock:
Six internal clocks can be selected by setting BRS0 ~ BRS2 and the clock output to the
outside from /SCK (P70) pin. The External clock can also be used and connected to
/SCK (P70) pin.
4.8.2 Shift Direction and Sample Phase:
Setting up the DORD bit of the SPIC1 register can determine the shift direction. Setting
up the EDS bit of the SPIC1 register can select the rising edge or falling edge and latch
the data. Setting up the SMP bit of the SPIC2 register can select the sample phase at
the middle or at the end of the data output time.
4.8.3 Transfer Mode:
The transmit, receive, transmit/receive mode can be selected by setting SPIM0 ~
SPIM1.
(a) 8-bit Transmit Mode:
Set SPIM0 ~ SPIM12 to transmit mode and write data to the data buffer SPID.
Set SPIS to “1” to start transmission. The data are output sequentially to the SO
pin in synchronous with the serial clock. When the final bit of transfer data has
been transferred, the SPI interrupt is generated and SPIS is cleared to “0” by
hardware. In order to transmit the next data, the SPIS must be set to “1” again by
software. If the next data is not written to the data buffer, the transfer is not
started when using the internal clock.
shift start
shift start
SPIS
RBF
WBE
shift finish
SO pin
a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7
b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7
SPIF
SPID
a
b
write data
write data
Fig. 15. Transmit Mode (8-bit, 1 word)
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 37
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
(b)
8-bit Receive Mode:
Setting SPIM0 ~ SPIM1 to receive mode and setting SPIS to “1” to start receiving.
The data are input sequentially from the SI pin in synchronous with the serial
clock. When the final bit of transfer data has been received, the SPI interrupt is
generated and SPIS is cleared to “0” by hardware. In order to receive the next
data, the SPIS must be set to “1” again by software. If the current data is not read
out from the data buffer, receiving is not started when using internal clock.
shift start
RBF
shift start
shift finish
WBE
/SCK pin
SI pin
a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7
b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7
SPIF
SPID
a
read data
b
read data
Fig. 16. Receive Mode (8-bit, 1 word)
(c) 8-bit Transmit/Receive Mode:
Set SPIM0 ~ SPIM1 to transmit/receive mode and write data to data buffer SPID.
Set SPIS to “1” to start transferring. The data are output to the SO pin and input
from the SI pin sequentially in synchronous with the serial clock. When the
number of data words specified has been transferred, the SPI interrupt is
generated and SPIS is cleared to “0” by hardware. In order to receive the next
data, the SPIS must be set to “1” again by software. Writing data in transmit
mode and reading data in receive mode use the same data buffer. If the current
data is not read out from the data buffer and then write the data to data buffer, the
transfer is not started when using internal clock. Always write the data to be
transmitted after reading the received data.
38 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
shift start
shift start
SPIS
RBF
shift finish
WBE
shift finish
/SCK pin
SO pin
a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7
b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7
SI pin
c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7
d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7
SPIF
a
SPID
b
c
write data
read data
d
write data
read data
Fig. 17. Transmit/Receive Mode (8-bit, 1 word)
(d) Multiple Device Connect (/SS):
When selecting external clock for transfer clock source, the /SS function can be
used. This pin (/SS) will be active when the /SS function is enabled, else the /SS
pin is a general purpose I/O. Ignore the data on the SDI and SDO pins while /SS
is high, since the SDO is no longer driven.
SDO
SDI
SCK
/SS
Master
P.67
P67
P66
PP65
65
PP64
64
/SS
SDO
SCK SDI
SDI
Slave Device 1
/SS
SDO
SCK SDI
SDI
Slave Device 2
/SS
SDO
SCK SDI
SDI
Slave Device 3
/SS
SDO
SCK SDI
SDI
Slave Device 4
Fig. 18. The SPI Configuration Example of Single-Master and Multi-Slaves
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 39
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.9 Timer/Counter 2
Registers for Timer/Counter 2 Circuit
R_BANK Address NAME
BANK 1
BANK 1
BANK 1
BANK 0
SFR
0X08
0X09
0X0A
0x0E
0x0B
SFR
0x0E
TC2CR
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
ADD1
ADD0
0
TC2M
TC2S
R
R
--
R/W
R/W
TC2DH TC2D15 TC2D14 TC2D13 TC2D12
TC2DL
ISFR1
INTCR
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC2CK2 TC2CK1 TC2CK0
R/W
R/W
TC2D11 TC2D10 TC2D9
R/W
TC2D8
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
TC2D7
TC2D6
TC2D5
TC2D4
TC2D3
TC2D2
TC2D1
TC2D0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EXIF5
TCIF2
ADIF
0
EXIF3
TCIF4
SPIF
TCIF3
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
INT1ES
TC2ES
R/W
R/W
INT1NR INT0EN
IMR1
Bit 2
R/W
R/W
EXIE5
TCIE2
R/W
R/W
0
INT3ES1 INT3ES0
R/W
R/W
ADIE
0
EXIE3
TCIE4
SPIE
TCIE3
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
TC2ES
TC2
Pin
M
Window
23
fc/2
13
fc/2
8
fc/2
3
fc/2
fc
16-bit Up-counter
MUX
Clear
Comparator
TC2CK 3
TC2
Interrupt
TC2S
TC2CR
TCR2H
TCR2L
Fig 19. Configuration of Timer/Counter 2
40 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.9.1 Timer Mode:
In Timer mode, counting up is performed using the internal clock. When the contents of
the up-counter matched with the TCR2 (TCR2H+TCR2L), then interrupt is generated
and the counter is cleared. Counting up resumes after the counter is cleared.
Internal clock
Up-counter
0
TCR2
1
2
3
4
5
n-3
n-2
n-1
n 0
2
1
3
n
counter
clear
match
TC2 interrupt
Fig. 20. Timer Mode Timing Chart
4.9.2 Counter Mode:
In Counter mode, counting up is performed using the external clock input pin (TC2 pin)
and either rising or falling can be selected by setting TC2ES. When the contents of
the up-counter matched with the TCR2 (TCR2H+TCR2L), then interrupt is generated
and the counter is cleared. Counting up resumes after the counter is cleared.
TC2 Pin
Up-counter
0
TCR2
1
2
3
4
n-2
n-1
n 0
1
2
3
n
match
counter
clear
TC2 interrupt
Fig. 21. Counter Mode Timing Chart (TC2ES = 1)
4.9.3 Window Mode
In Window mode, counting up is performed on the rising or falling edge of the pulse
that is logical AND of an internal clock and the TC2 pin (window pulse). When the
contents of the up-counter matched with the TCR2 (TCR2H+TCR2L), then interrupt is
generated and the counter is cleared. The frequency (window pulse) must be slower
than the selected internal clock.
Writing to the TCR2L, the comparison is inhibited until TCR2H is written.
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 41
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
TC2 pin
Internal clock
Up-counter
0
TCR2
1
2
n-3
n-1
n-2
n 0
1
2
3
n
counter
clear
match
TC2 interrupt
Fig. 22. Window Mode Timing Chart
4.10 Timer/Counter 3
Registers for Timer/Counter 3 Circuit
R_BANK Address NAME
BANK 1
0X05
Bit 7
TC3CR TC3CAP
R/W
BANK 1
0X06
BANK 0
SFR
SFR
42 •
0X07
0x0E
0x0B
0x0E
TC3S
R/W
Bit 5
Bit 4
TC3CK1 TC3CK0
R/W
R/W
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TC3M
0
0
0
R/W
--
--
--
TC3DA TC3DA7 TC3DA6 TC3DA5 TC3DA4 TC3DA3 TC3DA2 TC3DA1 TC3DA0
R/W
BANK 1
Bit 6
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
TC3DB TC3DB7 TC3DB6 TC3DB5 TC3DB4 TC3DB3 TC3DB2 TC3DB1 TC3DB0
ISFR1
INTCR
IMR1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EXIF5
TCIF2
ADIF
0
EXIF3
TCIF4
SPIF
TCIF3
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
INT1ES
TC2ES
INT1NR INT0EN
0
INT3ES1 INT3ES0
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
EXIE5
TCIE2
ADIE
0
EXIE3
TCIE4
SPIE
TCIE3
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
INT3ES
Edge
Detector
Rising
Inhibit
Falling
Capture
Control
TC3
Interrupt
TC3M
TC3 pin
M
MUX
12
fc/2
10
fc/2
7
fc/2
8-bit Up-counter
Overflow
TC3S
TC3CK
Comparator
CAP
2
Capture
Capture
TC3CR
TCR3B
TCR3A
Fig. 23. Configuration of Timer/Counter3
4.10.1 Timer Mode:
In Timer mode, counting up is performed using the internal clock. When the contents of
the up-counter matched with the TCR3DA, then interrupt is generated and the counter
is cleared. Counting up resumes after the counter is cleared. The current contents of
the up-counter are loaded into the TCR3DB by setting TC3CAP to “1” and the TC3CAP
is cleared to “0” after capture automatically.
4.10.2
Counter Mode:
In Counter mode, counting up is performed using the external clock input pin (TC3 pin)
and either rising or falling edge can be selected by INT3ES0 but both edge cannot
be used. When the contents of the up-counter matched with the TCR3DA, then
interrupt is generated and the counter is cleared. Counting up resumes after the
counter is cleared. The current contents of the up-counter are loaded into the TCR3DB
by setting TC3CAP to “1” and the TC3CAP is cleared to “0” after capture automatically.
4.10.3
Capture mode:
In Capture mode, the pulse width, period and duty of the TC3 input pin are measured in
this mode, which can be used in decoding the remote control signal. The counter is
free running by the internal clock. On the rising (falling) edge of TC3 pin input, the
contents of the counter is loaded into TCR3DA, then the counter is cleared and
interrupt is generated. On the falling (rising) edge of TC3 pin input, the contents of the
counter are loaded into TCR3DB. The counter is still counting, on the next rising edge
of the TC3 pin input, the contents of the counter are loaded into TCR3A, counter is
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 43
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
cleared and interrupt is generated again. If an overflow before the edge is detected,
the FFH is loaded into TCR3DA and an overflow interrupt is generated. During
interrupt processing, it can be determined whether or not there is an overflow by
checking whether the TCR3DA value is FFH. After an interrupt (capture to TCR3DA or
overflow detection) is generated, capture and overflow detection are halted until
TCR3DA is read out.
Source Clock
Up-counter
K-2
K-1 K 0
m-1
1
m m+1
n-1 n 0
1
2
3
FE FF0
1
2
3
TC3 Pin Input
TCR3DA
K
n
TCR3DB
FF (Overflow)
m
FE
Capture
TC3 Interrupt
Overflow
Capture
Reading TCR3DA
Fig. 24.Timing Chart of Capture Mode
4.11 Timer/Counter 4
Registers for Timer 4 Circuit
R_BANK Address NAME
BANK 0
BANK 0
BANK 0
SFR
44 •
0X0B
0X0C
0x0E
0x0E
TC4CR
TC4D
ISFR1
IMR1
Bit 7
Bit 6
TC4FF1 TC4FF0
Bit 5
TC4S
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
TC4CK2 TC4CK1 TC4CK0 TC4M1
Bit 0
TC4M0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
TC4D7
TC4D6
TC4D5
TC4D4
TC4D3
TC4D2
TC4D1
TC4D0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EXIF5
TCIF2
ADIF
0
EXIF3
TCIF4
SPIF
TCIF3
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EXIE5
TCIE2
ADIE
0
EXIE3
TCIE4
SPIE
TCIE3
R/W
R/W
R/W
--
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
TC4FF
TC4M (1,1)
11
fc/2
7
fc/2
3
fc/2
TC4 pin
Clear
MUX
TC4 Interrupt
F/F
Clear
Set Q
Toggle
TC4M(1,*)
8-bit Up-counter
/PWM, /PDO Pin
Overflow
Match
Comparator
TC4CK
3
TC4S
TCR4
TC4CR
Fig. 25. Timer/Counter 4 Configuration
4.11.1 Timer Mode
In Timer mode, counting up is performed using the internal clock. When the contents of
the up-counter matched with the TCR4, then interrupt is generated and the counter is
cleared. Counting up resumes after the counter is cleared.
4.11.2 Counter Mode
In Counter mode, counting up is performed on the rising edge of the external clock
input pin (TC4 pin). When the contents of the up-counter matched with the TCR4, then
interrupt is generated and the counter is cleared. Counting up resumes after the
counter is cleared.
4.11.3 PDO Mode
In Programmable Divider Output (PDO) mode, counting up is performed using the
internal clock. The contents of TCR4 are compared with the contents of the
up-counter. The F/F output is toggled and the counter is cleared each time a match is
found. The F/F output is inverted and output to /PDO pin. This mode can generate
50% duty pulse output. The F/F can be initialized by the program and it is initialized to
“0” during a reset. A TC4 interrupt is generated each time the /PDO output is toggled.
Source Clock
Up-counter
TCR4
0
1
2
3
n-1
n
0
1
n-1
n
0
1
n-1
n
0
1
2
n
F/F
/PDO Pin
TC4 Interrupt
Fig. 26.Timing Chart for PDO Mode
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 45
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.11.4 PWM Mode
In Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Output mode, counting up is performed using the
internal clock. The contents of the TCR4 are compared with the contents of the
up-counter. The F/F is toggled when match is found. The counter is still counting, the
F/F is toggled again when the counter overflows, then the counter is cleared. The F/F
output is inverted and output to the /PWM pin. A TC4 interrupt is generated each time
an overflow occurs. TCR4 is configured as a 2-stage shift register and, during output,
will not switch until one output cycle is completed even if TCR4 is overwritten.
Therefore, the output can be changed continuously. TRC4 is also shifted the first time
by setting TC4S to “1” after data is loaded to TCR4.
Source Clock
Up-counter
TCR4
0
1
n-1
n
n+1 n+2
FE
n/n
FF
0
n-1
n
n+1 n+2
FE
n/m
Match
F/F
Overflow
FF
0
1
m-1
m
m/m
Match
Overwrite
Overflow
Shift
/PWM
1 Period
TC4 Interrupt
Fig. 27.Timing Chart for PWM Mode
4.12 TCC/WDT & Prescaler
An 8-bit counter is available as prescaler for the TCC. The PSR0~PSR2 bits determine
the ratio. The prescaler is cleared each time the instruction is written to TCC under
TCC mode.
R1 (TCC) is an 8-bit timer/counter. The clock source of TCC is the internal clock. If the
TCC signal source is from the internal clock, TCC will increase by 1 at every instruction
cycle (without prescaler). CLK=Fosc/2 or CLK=Fosc/4 selection is determined by the
CODE Option bit CLK status. CLK=Fosc/2 is used if CLK bit is "0", and CLK=Fosc/4 is
used if CLK bit is "1".
The watchdog timer is a free running on-chip RC oscillator. During normal operation
mode, a WDT time-out (if enabled) will cause the device to reset or interrupt by setting
WDTO. The WDT can be enabled or disabled any time during normal mode by
software programming. Without prescaler, the WDT time-out period is approximately
18 ms (default). The WDT can also be used as a timer to generate an interrupt at fixed
interval.
46 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.13 I/O Ports
The I/O registers, Port 6, Port 7, Port 8, and Port 9 are bi-directional tri-state I/O ports.
Each I/O pin can be defined as “input” or “output” pin by the I/O control register (IOC6 ~
IOC9). The I/O registers and I/O control registers are both readable and writable. The
I/O interface circuits for Port 6, Port 7, Port 8, and Port 9 are shown in Fig. 27.
PCRD
Q
PORT
0
1
P
R
D
CLK
Q
C
L
Q
P
R
Q
C CLK
L
PCW R
IOD
D
M
U
X
PDW R
PDRD
Fig. 28.The I/O Port and I/O Control Register Circuit
4.14 RESET and Wake-up
4.14.1 RESET
A RESET is initiated by one of the following events:
(1) Power-on reset
(2) /RESET pin input “low”
(3) WDT timeout. (if enabled)
The device is kept in a RESET condition for a period of approx. 18ms1 (one oscillator
start-up timer period) after the reset is detected. Once a RESET occurs, the following
functions are performed.
The oscillator starts or is running
The Program Counter (R2) is reset to all “0”.
When power is switched on, the upper 2 bits of R3, the upper 2 bits of R4 and the
bits 6 ~ 4 of R5 are cleared.
All I/O port pins are configured as input mode (high-impedance state).
1
NOTE: VDD = 5V, set up time period = 16.2ms ± 30%
VDD = 3V, set up time period = 19.6ms ± 30%
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 47
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
The Watchdog timer and prescaler are cleared.
Upon power on, the upper 2 bits of R3 are cleared.
Upon power on, the upper 2 bits of R4 are cleared.
Upon power on, the upper 3 bits of R5 are cleared.
The bits of CONT register are set to all “1” except bit 6 (INT flag).
ISFR0, ISFR1, ISFR2 register and IMR1, IMR2 registers are cleared.
The controller has two modes for power saving.
(1) SLEEP mode: R5 (SIS) = 1, SLEP instruction.
The internal oscillator is turned off and all system operation is halted.
(2) IDLE mode: R5 (SIS)= 0, SLEP instruction
The CPU core halts but the on-chip peripheral and oscillator circuit remain active.
4.14.2 Wake-up from SLEEP Mode:
(1) External /SLEEP pin
The controller will be waken up and execute the next instruction after entering SLEEP
mode. All the registers will maintain their original values before “SLEP” instruction was
executed.
(2) /RESET pin pull low
This will reset the controller and starts the program at address zero.
(3) WDT time out
This will reset the controller and run the program at address zero.
4.14.3 Wake-up from IDLE mode:
(1) All interrupt
In all these cases, user should always enable the circuit before entering IDLE mode.
After wake-up, all registers will maintain their original values before entering “SLEP”
instruction, then service an interrupt subroutine or proceed with next instruction by
setting individual interrupt enable bit. After servicing an interrupt sub-routine (“RETI”
instruction), the program will jump from “SLEP” instruction to the next instruction.
(2) /RESET pin pull low
This will reset the controller and run the program at address zero.
(3) WDT time out
This will reset the controller and run the program at address zero.
48 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Table 6. Summary of the Initialized Values for Registers
Address Name
0x06
IOC6
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit Name
Reset Type
C67
C66
C65
C64
C63
C62
C61
C60
Power-On
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
/RESET and WDT time out
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
X
X
X
X
Power-on
U
U
U
U
/RESET and WDT time out
U
U
U
U
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
U
U
U
Bit Name
X
X
X
X
Power-on
U
U
U
U
/RESET and WDT time out
U
U
U
U
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
U
U
U
Bit Name
C97
C96
C95
C94
Power-On
1
1
1
1
/RESET and WDT time out
1
1
1
1
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
INT1NR INT0EN
X
INT3ES1
Power-On
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
CALI
SIGN VOF2 VOF1
Power-on
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
P
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
0
P
P
P
Bit Name
EXIE5 TCIE2 ADIE
X
Power-on
0
0
0
U
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
U
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
U
Bit Name
X
UTIE
UERRIE URIE
Power-on
U
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
U
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
P
P
P
Bit Name
WDT0
/INT WDTP1 WDTP0
Power-on
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
-
0x07
IOC7
0x08
IOC8
0x09
IOC9
0x0B
INTCR
0x0C
ADOSC
R
0x0E
IMR1
0x0F
IMR2
N/A
CONT
0x00
Power-on
R0
(IAR) /RESET and WDT time out
0x01
0x02
0x03
0x04
P
P
P
C72
C71
C70
1
1
1
1
1
1
P
P
P
X
C81
C80
U
1
1
U
1
1
U
P
P
C92
C91
C90
1
1
1
1
1
1
P
P
P
X
INT1ES TC2ES
INT3ES0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
VOF0
X
X
X
0
U
U
U
P
U
U
U
P
U
U
U
EXIE3 TCIE4 SPIE TCIE3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
TBIE EXIE1
X
TCIE0
0
0
U
0
0
0
U
0
P
P
U
P
WDTE PSR2 PSR1 PSR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
-
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Power-on
R1
(TCC) /RESET and WDT time out
R2
(PC)
P
C73
1
1
P
X
U
U
U
C93
1
1
P
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Power-on
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Jump to interrupt vector or execute next instruction
Bit Name
RBS1 RBS0
X
T
P
Z
DC
R3
Power-on
0
0
0
1
1
U
U
(SR) /RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
t
t
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
t
t
P
P
Bit Name
GRBS1 GRBS0 RSR5 RSR4 RSR3 RSR2 RSR1
R4
Power-On
0
0
U
U
U
U
U
(RSR) /RESET and WDT time out
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
C
U
P
P
RSR0
U
P
P
• 49
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Register Bank 0
Address Name
0x05
0x06
0x07
0x08
SCR
PORT6
PORT7
PORT8
Reset Type
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit Name
X
PS2
PS1
PS0
Power-On
U
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
U
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
P
P
Bit Name
P67
P66
Power-On
1
1
/RESET and WDT time out
1
1
TC4CR
0X0D
ISFR0
0X0F
50 •
ISFR2
REM
0
0
U
U
0
0
P
U
U
P
P
P65
P64
P63
P62
P61
P60
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
P
P
P
P
P
P
X
X
P73
P72
P71
P70
Power-On
U
U
U
U
1
1
1
1
/RESET and WDT time out
U
U
U
U
1
1
1
1
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
U
U
U
P
P
P
P
P80
Bit Name
X
X
X
X
X
X
P81
Power-On
U
U
U
U
U
U
1
1
/RESET and WDT time out
U
U
U
U
U
U
1
1
U
U
U
U
U
U
P
P
P97
P96
P95
P94
P93
P92
P91
P90
Power-On
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
/RESET and WDT time out
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
TC4FF1 TC4FF0
TC4S
TC4CK2 TC4CK1 TC4CK0 TC4M1
TC4M0
Power-On
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Power-On
TC4D7 TC4D6 TC4D5 TC4D4 TC4D3 TC4D2 TC4D1 TC4D0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
EXIF0
Bit Name
X
X
INT3F
INT3R
X
X
WDTIF
Power-On
U
U
0
0
U
U
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
U
U
0
0
U
U
0
0
Bit Name
ISFR1
SIS
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
0X0E
X
U
X
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
TC4D
X
U
P
Bit Name
0x0C
Bit 0
X
Bit Name
0x0B
Bit 1
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
PORT9
Bit 2
Bit Name
Bit Name
0x09
Bit 3
U
U
P
P
U
U
P
P
EXIF5
TCIF2
ADIF
X
EXIF3
TCIF4
SPIF
TCIF3
Power-On
0
0
0
U
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
U
0
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
P
P
U
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
X
UERRIF
RBFF
TBEF
TBIF
EXIF1
X
TCIF0
Power-On
U
0
0
0
0
0
U
0
/RESET and WDT time out
U
0
0
0
0
0
U
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
P
P
P
P
P
U
P
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Register Bank 1
Address Name
0x05
TC3CR
Reset Type
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit Name
TC3CAP
TC3S
Power-On
0
0
TC3DA
TC2CR
0x08
/
ADDL
TC2DH
TC2DL
0
0
U
U
U
P
U
U
U
ADDH
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Power-On
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
ADD1
ADD0
X
TC2M
TC2S
Power-On
U
U
U
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
P
P
U
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
U
P
0
P
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
TC2CK2 TC2CK1 TC2CK0
TC2D15 TC2D14 TC2D13 TC2D12 TC2D11 TC2D10 TC2D9 TC2D8
Power-On
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
TC2D7 TC2D6 TC2D5 TC2D4 TC2D3 TC2D2 TC2D1 TC2D0
Power-On
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
ADREF ADRUN ADCK1 ADCK0
P
P
P
P
ADP
ADIS2
ADIS1
ADIS0
Power-On
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
P
(*)
P
P
P
P
P
P
ADE7
ADE6
ADE5
ADE4
ADE3
ADE2
ADE1
ADE0
Power-On
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
ADD9
ADD8
ADD7
ADD6
ADD5
ADD4
ADD3
ADD2
Power-On
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
/RESET and WDT time out
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
TBKTC
TC3DB7 TC3DB6 TC3DB5 TC3DB4 TC3DB3 TC3DB2 TC3DB1 TC3DB0
/RESET and WDT time out
Bit Name
0X0E
TC3DA7 TC3DA6 TC3DA5 TC3DA4 TC3DA3 TC3DA2 TC3DA1 TC3DA0
Power-On
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
0X0D
U
P
Bit Name
ADIC
X
U
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
0x0C
X
U
P
Bit Name
ADCR
X
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
0x0B
0
Bit 0
P
Bit Name
0x0A
0
Bit 1
0
Bit Name
0x09
TC3CK1 TC3CK0 TC3M
Bit 2
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
TC3DB
Bit 3
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Bit Name
0x07
Bit 4
/RESET and WDT time out
Bit Name
0x06
Bit 5
P
P
P
P
TEN
TCK1
TCK0
X
TBTEN TBTCK2 TBTCK1 TBTCK0
Power-On
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
0
P
P
P
0
P
P
P
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 51
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Register Bank 2
Address Name
Reset Type
Bit Name
0x05
0x06
URC1
URC2
URS
URTD
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
URTD8 UMODE1 UMODE0 BRATE2 BRATE1 BRATE0 UTBE
TXE
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
P
P
P
P
P
P
0
0
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
0
P
P
P
P
P
0
Bit Name
X
X
SBIM1
Power-On
U
U
0
SBIM0 UINVEN
0
0
X
X
X
U
U
U
/RESET and WDT time out
U
U
P
P
P
U
U
U
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
U
P
P
P
U
U
U
URRD8 EVEN
PRE
PRERR OVERR FMERR URBF
RXE
Power-On
U
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/RESET and WDT time out
P
P
P
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
0
URRD7 URRD6 URRD5 URRD4 URRD3 URRD2 URRD1 URRD0
Power-On
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
/RESET and WDT time out
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit Name
0x09
Bit 4
0
Bit Name
URRD
Bit 5
U
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
0x08
Bit 6
Power-On
Bit Name
0x07
Bit 7
U
URTD 7 URTD 6 URTD 5 URTD 4 URTD 3 URTD 2 URTD 1 URTD0
Power-On
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
/RESET and WDT time out
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Register Bank 3
Address Name
0x05
SPIC1
0x06
SPIC2
0x07
SPID1
0x0A
PHC1
0x0B
PLC2
0x0C
PHC2
0x0D
PLC2
52 •
Reset Type
Bit Name
Power-On
/RESET and WDT time out
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Bit Name
Power-On
/RESET and WDT time out
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Bit Name
Power-On
/RESET and WDT time out
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Bit Name
Power-On
/RESET and WDT time out
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Bit Name
Power-On
/RESET and WDT time out
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Bit Name
Power-On
/RESET and WDT time out
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
Bit Name
SMP
DCOL BRS2 BRS1 BRS0
EDS
DORD
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
SPIS
X
X
X
X
SPIM1 SPIM0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
SPID17 SPID16 SPID15 SPID14 SPID13 SPID12 SPID11
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
X
X
/PHE81 /PHE80 /PHE63 /PHE62 /PHE61
U
U
1
1
1
1
1
U
U
1
1
1
1
1
U
U
P
P
P
P
P
X
X
/PLE81 /PLE80 /PLE63 /PLE62 /PLE61
U
U
1
1
1
1
1
U
U
1
1
1
1
1
U
U
P
P
P
P
P
X
X
X
X
/PHE73 /PHE72 /PHE71
U
U
U
U
1
1
1
U
U
U
U
1
1
1
U
U
U
U
P
P
P
X
X
X
X
/PLE73 /PLE72 /PLE71
Bit 0
WBE
0
0
P
RBF
0
0
P
SPID10
U
P
P
/PHE60
1
1
P
/PLE60
1
1
P
/PHE70
1
1
P
/PLE70
Power-On
U
U
U
U
1
1
1
1
/RESET and WDT time out
U
U
U
U
1
1
1
1
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
U
U
U
U
P
P
P
P
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
General Purpose Registers
Address Name
0x10
R10
~
~
0x3F
R3F
Reset Type
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit Name
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Power-On
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
/RESET and WDT time out
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Wake-Up from SLEEP, IDLE mode
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
X: Not used. U: Unknown or don’t care. P: Previous value before reset. t: Check Table 7
(*) 0: Wake-Up from SLEEP P: Wake-Up from IDLE
4.14.4
The Status of RST, T, and P of STATUS Register
The values of T and P are used to verify the event that triggered the processor to wake
up. Table 7 shows the events that may affect the status of T and P.
Table 7. The Values of RST, T and P after RESET
Reset Type
T
P
Power on
1
1
/RESET during Operation mode
*P
*P
/RESET wake-up during SLEEP mode
*P
*P
/RESET wake-up during IDLE mode
*P
*P
WDT during Operation mode
0
*P
WDT wake-up during SLEEP mode
0
*P
WDT wake-up during IDLE mode
0
*P
T
P
Power on
1
1
WDTC instruction
1
1
WDT time-out
0
*P
SLEP instruction
1
0
Wake-Up during SLEEP mode
*P
*P
*P: Previous status before reset
Table 8 The Events that may Affect the T and P Status
Event
*P: Previous value before reset
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 53
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
VDD
D
CLK
Oscillator
Q
CLK
CLR
Power-on
Reset
Voltage
Detector
WDTE
WDT Timeout
WDT
Setup Time
RESET
/RESET
Fig. 29.Controller Reset Block Diagram
4.15 Interrupt
The EM78P809N has 15 interrupts (9 external, 6 internal) listed below:
Table 9.. Interrupt Vector
Interrupt Source
Enable Condition
Int. Flag
Reset
-
-
0000
High 0
Internal
WDT
WDTEN
WDTIF
0003
1
External
INT0
ENI + INT0EN=1
EXIEF0
0006
2
Internal
TCC
ENI + TCIE0=1
TCIF0
0009
3
External
INT1
ENI + EXIE1=1
EXIF1
000F
4
Internal
TBT
ENI + TBIE=1
TBIF
0012
5
Internal
UART Transmit
ENI + UTIE=1
TBEF
0015
6
Internal
UART Receive
ENI + URIE=1
TBFF
0018
7
Internal
UART Receive error
ENI+UERRIE=1
UERRIF
001B
8
Internal
TC3
ENI + TCIE3=1
TCIF3
0021
9
Internal
SPI
ENI + SPIE=1
SPIF
0024
10
Internal
TC4
ENI + TCIE4=1
TCIF4
0027
11
External
INT3
ENI + EXIE3=1
EXIF3
002A
12
Internal
AD
ENI + ADIE=1
ADIF
0030
13
Internal
TC2
ENI + TCIE2=1
TCIF2
0033
14
External
INT5
ENI + EXIE5=1
EXIF5
0036
Low 15
Internal /
External
Int. Vector Priority
ISFR0, ISFR1 and ISFR2 are the interrupt status registers that record the interrupt
requests in the relative flags/bits. IMR1 and IMR2 are the interrupt mask registers. The
global interrupt is enabled by the ENI instruction and is disabled by the DISI instruction.
54 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
When one of the interrupts (enabled) occurs, the next instruction will be fetched from
individual address. The interrupt flag bit must be cleared by instructions before leaving
the interrupt service routine and before interrupts are enabled to avoid recursive
interrupts.
The flag (except ICIF bit) in the Interrupt Status Register (ISFR 2) is set regardless of
the status of its mask bit or the execution of ENI. The RETI instruction ends the
interrupt routine and enables the global interrupt (the execution of ENI).
4.16 Oscillator
4.16.1
Oscillator Modes
The EM78P809N can operate in two different oscillator modes, i.e., Crystal oscillator
mode and External RC oscillator mode (ERC) oscillator mode. User can select which
mode by Code Option Register. The maximum limit for operational frequencies of the
crystal/resonator under different VDDs is listed below.
Table 10 Oscillator Modes Defined by SDCS and OSC
Mode
Single Clock
OSC
Oscillator
1
High frequency oscillator
0
ERC
Table 11 The Summary of Maximum Operating Speeds
Condition
High frequency oscillator
4.16.2
VDD
Max. Fxt. (MHz)
3.0
4.0
5.0
10.0
Crystal Oscillator/Ceramic Resonators (Crystal)
EM78P809N has a clock generator. i.e. Fc (high frequency) which can be driven by an
external clock signal through the OSCI pin.
In most applications, Pin OSCI and Pin OSCO can be connected with a crystal or
ceramic resonator to generate oscillation. Table 12 provides the recommended values
of C1 and C2. Since each resonator has its own attribute, user should refer to its
specification for appropriate values of C1 and C2. A serial resistor Rs may be
necessary for AT strip cut crystal.
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 55
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Ext. Clock
OSCI
OSCO
EM78P809N
Fig. 30. Crystal/Resonator Circuit
C1
OSCI
XTAL
EM78P809N
OSCO
C2
RS
Fig. 31. Crystal/Resonator Circuit
Table12. Capacitor Selection Guide for Crystal Oscillator or Ceramic Resonator
Oscillator Type
Frequency Mode
Ceramic Resonator
HXT
Crystal Oscillator
HXT
Frequency
C1 (pF)
C2 (pF)
2.0 MHz
20~40
20~40
4.0 MHz
10~30
10~30
1.0MHz
15~30
15~30
2.0MHz
15
15
4.0MHz
15
15
33
0
33
0
C
OSCI
740
4
740
4
740
4
EM78P809N
XTAL
Fig. 32. Crystal/Resonator-Series Mode Circuit
56 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
4.7
K
OSCI
740
4
EM78P809N
10
K
Vdd
740
4
10
K
XTAL
C1
C2
Fig. 33. Crystal/Resonator-Parallel Mode Circuit
4.16.3
External RC Oscillator Mode
For applications that do not need very precise timing calculation, the RC oscillator
offers a lot of cost savings. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the frequency of the
RC oscillator is influenced by the supply voltage, the values of the resistor (Rext), the
capacitor (Cext), and even by the operation temperature. Moreover, the frequency
also varies slightly from one chip to another due to the manufacturing process variation.
In order to maintain a stable system frequency, the values of the Cext should not be
less than 20pF, and the value of Rext should not be greater than 1 MΩ, otherwise, the
frequency is easily affected by noise, humidity, and leakage.
The smaller the Rext in the RC oscillator, the faster its frequency will be. On the
contrary, for very low Rext values, for instance, 1 KΩ, the oscillator becomes unstable
because the NMOS cannot correctly discharge the current of the capacitance.
Hence, it must be noted that the supply voltage, the operation temperature, the RC
oscillator components, the package types, and the PCB layout, will affect the system
frequency.
Vdd
Rext
OSCI
Cext
EM78P809N
Fig. 34. External RC Oscillator Mode Circuit
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 57
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Table13. RC Oscillator Frequencies
Cext
Rext
20 pF
100 pF
300 pF
Average Fosc 5V, 25°C Average Fosc 3V, 25°C
3.3k
4.32 MHz
3.56 MHz
5.1k
2.83 MHz
2.8 MHz
10k
1.62 MHz
1.57 MHz
100k
184kHz
187kHz
3.3k
1.39 MHz
1.35 MHz
5.1k
950kHz
930kHz
10k
500kHz
490kHz
100k
54kHz
55kHz
3.3k
580kHz
550kHz
5.1k
390kHz
380kHz
10k
200kHz
200kHz
100k
21kHz
21kHz
Note: 1. Measured on DIP packages.
2. For design reference only.
4.17 Code Option Register
The EM78P809N has one CODE option word that is not part of the normal program
memory. The option bits cannot be accessed during normal program execution.
Code Option Register and Customer ID Register arrangement distribution:
Word 0
Word 1
Word 2
Bit 12~Bit 0
Bit 12~Bit 0
Bit 12~Bit 0
4.17.1 Code Option Register (Word 0)
Word 0
Bit 12 ~ 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
CLKS
ENWDTB
CYES
-
OSC
HLP
PR2
PR1
PR0
Bit 12 ~ 9 : Not used
Bit 8 (CLKS) : Instruction period option bit.
CLKS = “0” : two oscillator periods.
CLKS = “1” : four oscillator periods.
Refer to the Instruction Set section.
Bit 7 (ENWDTB) : Watchdog timer enable bit.
ENWDTB = “0” : Enable
ENWDTB = “1” : Disable
58 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Bit 6 (CYES) : Cycle selection for JMP, CALL instruction
CYES = “0” : One cycle
CYES = “1” : Two cycles
Bit 4 (OSC) : Oscillator type selection.
OSC = “0” : RC type
OSC = “1” : Crystal type
Bit 3 (HLP) : Power selection.
HLP = “0” : Low power
HLP = “1” : High power
Bit 2~0 (PR2~PR0) : Protect Bit
PR2~PR0 are write-protect bits, configured as follows:
PR2
PR1
PR0
Others
1
Protect
Enable
1
1
Disable
4.17.2 Customer ID Register
Word 1
Bit 12~Bit 0
XXXXXXXXXXXXX
Word 2
Bit 12~Bit 0
XXXXXXXXXXXXX
Bits 12 ~ 0: Customer’s ID code
4.18 Power-on Considerations
Any microcontroller is not guaranteed to start and operate properly before the power
supply maintains at its steady state. The EM78P809N has a built-in Power On Voltage
Detector (POVD) with a detecting level of 2.1V. It will work well if VDD rises fast enough
(10 ms or less). In many critical applications, however, additional components are
required to provide solutions on probable power-up problems.
4.18.1 External Power-on Reset Circuit
The circuit shown in Fig. 34 use an external RC to produce the reset pulse. The pulse
width (time constant) should be kept long enough for VDD to reach minimum operation
voltage. This circuit is used when the power supply has slow rise time. Because the
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 59
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
current leakage from the /RESET pin is about ±5µA, it is recommended that R should
not be greater than 40K. In this way, the /RESET pin voltage is held below 0.2V. The
diode (D) acts as a short circuit at the moment of power down. The capacitor C will
discharge rapidly and fully. Rin, the current-limited resistor, will prevent high current or
ESD (electrostatic discharge) from flowing to pin /RESET.
Vdd
R
/RESET
D
EM78P809N
Rin
C
Fig. 35. External Power-Up Reset Circuit
4.18.2 Residue-Voltage Protection
When battery is replaced, device power (VDD) is taken off but residue-voltage remains.
The residue-voltage may trip below VDD minimum, but not to zero. This condition may
cause a poor power-on reset. Fig.35 and Fig.36 show how to build the residue-voltage
protection circuit.
Vdd
Vdd
33K
EM78P809N
Q1
10K
/RESET
40K
1N4684
Fig. 36. Residue Voltage Protection Circuit 1
60 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Vdd
Vdd
R1
EM78P809N
Q1
/RESET
40K
R2
Fig 37. Residue Voltage Protection Circuit 2
4.19 Instruction Set
Each instruction in the instruction set is a 13-bit word divided into an OP code and one
or more operands. Normally, all instructions are executed within one single instruction
cycle (one instruction consists of 2 oscillator periods), unless the program counter is
changed by instruction "MOV R2,A", "ADD R2,A", or by instructions of arithmetic or
logic operation on R2 (e.g. "SUB R2,A", "BS(C) R2,6", "CLR R2", ⋅⋅⋅⋅). In this case, the
execution takes two instruction cycles.
In case the instruction cycle specification is not suitable for certain applications, try to
modify the instruction as follows:
(A) Change one instruction cycle to consist of 4 oscillator periods.
(B) The following commands are executed within two instruction cycles; "JMP",
"CALL", "RET", "RETL", "RETI", including the conditional skip ("JBS", "JBC", "JZ",
"JZA", "DJZ", "DJZA") instructions. In addition, instructions that are written to the
program counter are executed within two instruction cycles.
Case (A) is selected by the CODE Option bit, called CLK. One instruction cycle
consists of two oscillator clocks if CLK is low, and four oscillator clocks if CLK is high.
Note that once the 4 oscillator periods within one instruction cycle is selected as in
Case (A), the internal clock source to TCC should be CLK=Fosc/4, not Fosc/2.
Furthermore, the instruction set has the following features:
(1) Every bit of any register can be set, cleared, or tested directly.
(2) The I/O register can be regarded as general register. That is, the same instruction
can operate on I/O register.
The symbol "R" represents a register designator that specifies which one of the
registers (including operational registers and general purpose registers) is to be utilized
by the instruction. "b" represents a bit field designator that selects the value for the bit
which is located in the register "R", and affects the operation. "k" represents an 8 or
10-bit constant or literal value.
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 61
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Binary Instruction
Hex
Mnemonic
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0001
0001
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
rrrr
0000
0001
0010
0000
0001
0002
0003
0004
000r
0010
0011
0012
NOP
DAA
CONTW
SLEP
WDTC
IOW
ENI
DISI
RET
0
0000
0001
0011
0013
RETI
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0001
0001
0001
0010
0010
0010
0010
0011
0011
0011
0011
0100
0100
0100
0100
0101
0101
0101
0101
0001
0001
01rr
1000
11rr
00rr
01rr
10rr
11rr
00rr
01rr
10rr
11rr
00rr
01rr
10rr
11rr
00rr
01rr
10rr
11rr
00rr
01rr
10rr
11rr
0100
rrrr
rrrr
0000
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
0014
001r
00rr
0080
00rr
01rr
01rr
01rr
01rr
02rr
02rr
02rr
02rr
03rr
03rr
03rr
03rr
04rr
04rr
04rr
04rr
05rr
05rr
05rr
05rr
CONTR
IOR
MOV
CLRA
CLR
SUB
SUB
DECA
DEC
OR
OR
AND
AND
XOR
XOR
ADD
ADD
MOV
MOV
COMA
COM
INCA
INC
DJZA
DJZ
R
A,
R,
R
R
A,
R,
A,
R,
A,
R,
A,
R,
A,
R,
R
R
R
R
R
R
0
0110
00rr
rrrr
06rr
RRCA
R
0
0110
01rr
rrrr
06rr
RRC
R
0
0110
10rr
rrrr
06rr
RLCA
R
0
0110
11rr
rrrr
06rr
RLC
R
0
0111
00rr
rrrr
07rr
SWAPA
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0111
0111
0111
100b
101b
110b
111b
01rr
10rr
11rr
bbrr
bbrr
bbrr
bbrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
07rr
07rr
07rr
0xxx
0xxx
0xxx
0xxx
SWAP
JZA
JZ
BC
BS
JBC
JBS
R
R
R
R,
R,
R,
R,
1
00kk
kkkk kkkk
1kkk
CALL
k
1
01kk
kkkk kkkk
1kkk
JMP
k
62 •
R
R
R,
A
R
A
R
A
R
A
R
A
R
A
R
R
b
b
b
b
Operation
Status Affected
No Operation
Decimal Adjust A
A → CONT
0 → WDT, Stop oscillator
0 → WDT
A → IOCR
Enable Interrupt
Disable Interrupt
[Top of Stack] → PC
[Top of Stack] → PC,
Enable Interrupt
CONT → A
IOCR → A
A→R
0→A
0→R
R-A → A
R-A → R
R-1 → A
R-1 → R
A∨R→A
A∨R→R
A&R→A
A&R→R
A⊕R→A
A⊕R→R
A+R→A
A+R→R
R→A
R→R
/R → A
/R → R
R+1 → A
R+1 → R
R-1 → A, skip if zero
R-1 → R, skip if zero
R(n) → A(n-1),
R(0) → C, C → A(7)
R(n) → R(n-1),
R(0) → C, C → R(7)
R(n) → A(n+1),
R(7) → C, C → A(0)
R(n) → R(n+1),
R(7) → (C), C → (R(0)
R(0-3) → ( A(4-7),
R(4-7) → ( A(0-3)
R(0-3) → ( R(4-7)
R+1 → A, skip if zero
R+1 → R, skip if zero
0→ ( R(b)
1→ ( R(b)
if R(b)=0, skip
if R(b)=1, skip
PC+1 → [SP],
(Page, k) → (PC)
(Page, k) → (PC)
None
C
None
T,P
T,P
None <Note1>
None
None
None
None
None
None <Note1>
None
Z
Z
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
None
None
C
C
C
C
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
Binary Instruction
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1111
1110
1110
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
1000
1001
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
Hex
18kk
19kk
1Akk
1Bkk
1Ckk
1Dkk
1Fkk
1E8k
1E9k
Mnemonic
MOV
OR
AND
XOR
RETL
SUB
ADD
PAGE
BANK
A,
A,
A,
A,
k
A,
A,
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
Operation
Status Affected
k→A
Avk→A
A&k→A
A⊕k→A
k → A, [Top of Stack] → PC
k-A → A
k+A → A
K->R5(6:4)
K->R4(7:6)
None
Z
Z
Z
None
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
None
None
Note1: This instruction is applicable to IOC6 ~ IOCA, IMR1, IMR2 only.
5
Absolute Maximum Ratings
5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Items
Rating
Temperature under bias
-40°C
to
85°C
Storage temperature
-65°C
to
150°C
Input voltage
-0.3V
to
+6.0V
Output voltage
-0.3V
to
+6.0V
Operating Frequency (2clk)
DC
to
10MHz
5.2 Recommended Operating Conditions
( Vss = 0V )
Symbol
Parameter
VDD
Supply Voltage
Fc
Crystal: VDD 4.5 to 5.5V
Crystal: VDD 2.5 to 5.5V
Condition
Min.
Fc = 10MHz
4.0
Fc = 4MHz
2.5
Two cycles with two clocks
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
Typ.
Max. Unit
5.5
1
10
1
4
V
MHz
• 63
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
6
Electrical Characteristics
6.1 DC Electrical Characteristics
(Ta= 25 °C, VDD= 5.0V ± 5%, VSS= 0V)
Symbol
Parameter
Fc
ERC
XTAL: 4.5V to VDD
ERC: VDD = 5V
Input High Threshold Voltage
(Schmitt trigger )
Sink current
Input Low Threshold Voltage
(Schmitt trigger )
Sink current
Input Leakage Current for input
pins
Input High Voltage (Schmitt
trigger)
Input Low Voltage (Schmitt
trigger)
Input High Threshold Voltage
(Schmitt trigger)
Input Low Threshold Voltage
(Schmitt trigger)
Clock Input High Voltage
Clock Input Low Voltage
Output High Voltage
(Ports 6, 7, 8, 9)
Output Low Voltage
(Port9)
Output Low Voltage
(Ports 6,Port7, Port8)
Pull-high current
Pull-Low current
Sleep mode
Power down current
Sleep mode
Power down current
Idle mode
Operating supply current
at two clocks
Normal mode
Operating supply current
at two clocks
VIHRC
IRC1
VILRC
IRC2
IIL
VIH1
VIL1
VIHT1
VILT1
VIHX1
VILX1
IOH1
IOL1
IOL2
IPH
IPL
ISB1
ISB2
ICC3
ICC4
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Two cycles with two clocks
R: 5.1KΩ, C: 100 pF
1
630
900
10
1170
MHz
kHz
OSCI in RC mode
2.8
4
4.5
V
VI from low to high , VI=5V
15.5
22
28.5
mA
OSCI in RC mode
1.3
1.8
2.7
V
VI from high to low , VI=2V
12
17
22
mA
VIN = VDD, VSS
-1
0
1
µA
Ports 6,7,8,9
0.7VDD
VDD +0.3V
V
Ports 6,7,8,9,
-0.3V
0.3 VDD
V
/RESET, TCC, INT
0.7 VDD
VDD +0.3V
V
/RESET, TCC, INT
-0.3V
0.3 VDD
V
0.7VDD
-0.3V
VDD+0.3V
0.3VDD
V
V
OSCI in crystal mode
OSCI in crystal mode
VOH = VDD-0.4V
-3.5
-5
-6.5
mA
VOL = VSS+0.4V
3
5
7
mA
VOL = VSS+0.4V
12
15
20
mA
Pull-high active, input pin at VSS
Pull-high active, input pin at VDD
WDT
All input and I/O
disabled
pins at VDD,
WDT
output pin floating
enabled
-50
50
-75
75
-100
100
µA
uA
0.8
1.5
µA
6
10
µA
1.1
1.5
mA
3.0
3.5
mA
VDD=5V, /RESET= 'High',
Fc=8MHz, CLKS="0", output pin
floating, WDT enabled
*The typical value is based on characterization results at 25°C
64 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
(Ta= 25 °C, VDD= 3.0V ± 5%, VSS= 0V)
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Fc
ERC
XTAL: 2.5V to VDD
ERC: VDD = 3V
Input High Threshold
Voltage (Schmitt trigger)
Sink current
Input Low Threshold
Voltage (Schmitt trigger)
Sink current
Input Leakage Current for
input pins
Input High Voltage
(Schmitt trigger)
Input Low Voltage
(Schmitt trigger)
Input High Threshold
Voltage (Schmitt trigger)
Input Low Threshold
Voltage (Schmitt trigger)
Clock Input High Voltage
Clock Input Low Voltage
Output High Voltage
(Ports 6, 7, 8, 9)
Output Low Voltage
(Ports9)
Output Low Voltage
(Ports 6,Port7, Port8)
Pull-high current
Pull-low current
Sleep mode
Power down current
Sleep mode
Power down current
Idle mode
Operating supply current
at two clocks
Normal mode
Operating supply current at
two clocks
Two cyclea with two clocks
R: 5.1KΩ, C: 100 pF
1
600
850
4
1100
MHz
kHz
OSCI in RC mode
1.6
2.3
2.8
V
VI from low to high , VI=5V
7
9.5
12
uA
OSCI in RC mode
0.7
1
1.3
V
VI from high to low , VI=2V
6
8.5
11
uA
VIN = VDD, VSS
-1
0
1
µA
Ports 6,7,8,9,A
0.7VDD
VDD+0.3V
V
Ports 6,7,8,9,A
-0.3V
0.3VDD
V
/RESET, TCC
0.7 VDD
VDD +0.3V
V
/RESET, TCC
-0.3V
0.3 VDD
V
LOSCI,OSCI in crystal mode
LOSCI,OSCI in crystal mode
0.7 VDD
-0.3V
VDD +0.3V
0.3 VDD
V
V
VOH = VDD-0.4V
-2
-3.5
-5
mA
VOL = VSS+0.4V
2
3.5
5
mA
VOL = VSS+0.4V
10
13
16
mA
Pull-high active, input pin at VSS
Pull-low active, input pin at VDD
-15
15
-23
23
-31
30
uA
uA
0.4
0.8
µA
1.5
3
µA
0.3
0.5
mA
1.1
1.5
mA
VIHRC
IRC1
VILRC
IRC2
IIL
VIH1
VIL1
VIHT2
VILT2
VIHX1
VILX1
IOH1
IOL1
IOL2
IPH
IPL
ISB1
ISB2
ICC3
ICC4
All input and I/O WDT disabled
pins at VDD,
output pin floating WDT enabled
VDD=3V, /RESET= 'High',
Fc=4MHz, CLKS="0", output pin
floating, WDT enabled
*The typical value is based on characterization results at 25°C
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 65
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
A/D Converter Characteristic (VDD =2.5V to 5.5V, Vss=0V, Ta = -40 to 85℃)
Symbol
VAREF
VASS
VAI
IAI1
IAI2
IVDD
Ivref
IVDD
IVref
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Analog reference voltage VAREF - VASS≧2.5V
Analog input voltage
Analog supply current
Analog supply current
Typ.
Max.
Unit
2.5
VDD
V
Vss
Vss
V
VASS
VAREF
V
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V
750
850
1000
uA
(V reference from VDD)
-10
0
+10
uA
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V
500
600
820
uA
(V reference from VREF)
200
250
300
uA
RN
Resolution
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V
9
10
LN
Linearity error
VDD = 2.5 to 5.5V Ta=25℃
0
±1
±2
LSB
DNL
Differential nonlinear
error
VDD = 2.5 to 5.5V Ta=25℃
0
±0.5
±0.9
LSB
FSE
Full scale error
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V
±0
±1
±2
LSB
OE
Offset error
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V
±0
±0.5
±1
LSB
ZAI
Recommended
impedance of analog
voltage source
0
8
10
KΩ
TAD
A/D clock period
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V
4
TCN
A/D conversion time
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V
14
14
TAD
ADIV
A/D input voltage range
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V
0
VAREF
V
ADOV
A/D output voltage swing
VDD =VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V,
RL=10KΩ
0
0.2
0.3
4.7
4.8
5
PSR
Power Supply Rejection
VDD =5.0V±0.5V
±0
66 •
Bits
us
±2
V
LSB
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.2 AC Electrical Characteristic
(Ta=- 40°C ~ 85 °C, VDD=5V ± 5%, VSS=0V)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ Max Unit
Dclk
Input CLK duty cycle
45
Tins
Instruction cycle time Crystal type (high frequency)
(CLKS="0")
RC type
Ttcc
TCC input period
Tdrh
Device reset hold
time
Ta = 25°C
11.3
Trst
/RESET pulse width
Ta = 25°C
2000
Twdt
Watchdog timer
period
Ta = 25°C
11.3
Tset
Input pin setup time
0
ns
50
55
%
200
DC
ns
500
DC
ns
(Tins+20)/
N*
ns
16.2 21.6
ms
ns
16.2 21.6
ms
Thold
Input pin hold time
20
ns
Tdelay
Tstup1
Output pin delay time Cload=20pF
SDI data setup time Setup time of SDI data input to SCK↑or SCK↓
-
50
25
50
ns
ns
Thold1
SDI data hold time
-
25
50
ns
Hold time of SDI data input to SCK↓or SCK↑
Tvalid1
SDO output valid time SCK↑or SCK↓to SDO data output
-
25
50
ns
Tsckh
SCK input high time
Slave mode (Fmain=8 MHz)
200
-
-
ns
Tsckl
SCK input low time
Slave mode (Fmain=8 MHz)
200
-
-
ns
400
-
-
ns
-
25
50
ns
Tsetup2 Slave mode setup
/SS↓ to SCK↑or SCK↓(Fmain=8 MHz)
time
Tdelay1 Slave mode unselect
/SS↑ to SDO output hi-impedance delay time
delay time
* N= selected prescaler ratio
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 67
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
6.3
Timing Diagram
AC Test Input/Output W aveform
2.4
2.0
0.8
TEST POINTS
2.0
0.8
0.4
AC Testing : Input is driven at 2.4V for logic "1",and 0.4V for logic "0".Timing m easurem ents are
m ade at 2.0V for logic "1",and 0.8V for logic "0".
RESET Timing (CLK="0")
NOP
Instruction 1
Executed
CLK
/RESET
Tdrh
TCC Input Timing (CLKS="0")
Tins
CLK
TCC
Ttcc
68 •
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
APPENDIX
Package Types:
OTP MCU
Package Type
Pin Count
Package Size
EM78P809NP
DIP
28
600 mil
EM78P809NM
SOP
28
300 mil
EM78P809NS
SSOP
28
209 mil
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 69
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ III
1 General Description····························································································1
2 Features···············································································································1
2.1
CPU ········································································································································1
2.2
Applications·····························································································································2
3 Pin Assignment···································································································3
4 Pin Description····································································································3
4 Function Description ··························································································5
4.1
Functional Block Diagram·······································································································5
4.2
Operating Registers ················································································································6
4.3
Special Purpose Registers····································································································23
4.4
CPU Operation Mode ···········································································································27
4.5
AD Converter ························································································································29
4.6
Time Base Timer and Keytone Generator ············································································31
4.7
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)························································33
4.8
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) ···························································································36
4.9
Timer/Counter 2 ····················································································································40
4.10 Timer/Counter 3 ····················································································································42
4.11 Timer/Counter 4 ····················································································································44
4.12 TCC/WDT & Prescaler··········································································································46
4.13 I/O Ports································································································································47
4.14 RESET and Wake-up············································································································47
4.15 Interrupt·································································································································54
4.16 Oscillator ·······························································································································55
4.17 Code Option Register ···········································································································58
4.18 Power-on Considerations ·····································································································59
4.19 Instruction Set ·······················································································································61
5 Absolute Maximum Ratings ·············································································63
5.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings ··································································································63
5.2
Recommended Operating Conditions···················································································63
6 Electrical Characteristics ·················································································64
70 •
6.1
DC Electrical Characteristics ································································································64
6.2
AC Electrical Characteristic ··································································································67
6.3
Timing Diagram····················································································································68
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
EM78P809N
8-Bit Microcontroller
APPENDIX···············································································································69
Package Types: ······························································································································69
Product Specification (V1.0) 07.26.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
• 71