Cypress CYIL1SM0300-EVAL Lupa-300 cmos image sensor Datasheet

CYIL1SM0300AA
LUPA-300 CMOS Image Sensor
Features
Figure 1. LUPA-300 CMOS Image Sensor
■
640 x 480 active pixels (VGA resolution).
■
9.9 μm2 square pixels (based on the high-fill factor active pixel
sensor technology of FillFactory (US patent No. 6,225,670 and
others)).
■
Optical format: ½ optical inch
■
Pixel rate of 80 MHz
■
On-chip 10 bit ADCs
■
Full snapshot shutter.
■
Random programmable windowing.
■
48-pin LCC package
■
Sub sampling (Y direction)
■
Programmable read out direction (X and Y)
Applications
■
Machine Vision
■
Motion Tracking
Parameter
Typical View
Optical Format
½ inch
Active Pixels
640 (H) x 480 (V)
Pixel Size
9.9 μm x 9.9 μm
Shutter Type
Electronic Snapshot Shutter
Maximum Data Rate/Master
Clock
80 MPS/80 MHz
Frame Rate
250 fps (640 x 480)
ADC Resolution
10-bit, on-chip
Responsivity
3200 V.m2/W.s
17 V/lux.s
Dynamic Range
61 dB
Supply Voltage
Analog: 2.5V to 3.3V
Digital: 2.5V
I/O: 2.5V
Power Consumption
190 mWatt
Operating Temperature
–40°C to 70°C
Color Filter Array
Mono
RGB Bayer Pattern
Packaging
48-pins LCC
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Overview
This document describes the interfacing and driving of the
LUPA-300 image sensor. This VGA-resolution CMOS active
pixel sensor features synchronous shutter and a maximal frame
rate of 250 fps in full resolution. The readout speed can be
boosted by means of sub sampling and windowed Region Of
Interest (ROI) readout. High dynamic range scenes can be
captured using the double and multiple slope functionality. User
programmable row and column start/stop positions allow
windowing. Sub sampling reduces resolution while maintaining
the constant field of view and an increased frame rate. The
programmable gain and offset amplifier maps the signal swing to
the ADC input range. A 10-bit ADC converts the analog data to
a 10-bit digital word stream. The sensor uses a 3-wire
Serial-Parallel (SPI) interface. It operates with a 3.3V and 2.5V
power supply and requires only one master clock for operation
up to 80 MHz pixel rate. It is housed in an 48-pin ceramic LCC
package.
The sensor is available in a monochrome version or Bayer (RGB)
patterned color filter array.
•
This data sheet allows the user to develop a camera-system
based on the described timing and interfacing.
198 Champion Court
•
San Jose, CA 95134-1709
•
408-943-2600
Revised October 15, 2009
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Ordering Information
Description[1]
Marketing Part Number
CYIL1SM0300AA-QDC
Mono with Glass
CYIL1SM0300AA-QWC
Mono without Glass
CYIL1SE0300AA-QDC
Color micro lens with Glass
CYIL1SM0300AA-WWC
Mono Wafer Sales
CYIL1SM0300-EVAL
Mono Demo Kit
CYIL1SE0300-EVAL
Color micro lens Demo Kit
Package
48-pin LCC
Wafer Sales
Demo Kit
Specifications
General Specifications
Parameter
Specifications
Remarks
Pixel Architecture
6 transistor pixel
Pixel Size
9.9 µm x 9.9 µm
Resolution
640 x 480
Pixel Rate
80 MHz
Shutter Type
Pipelined snapshot shutter
Integration is possible during read out
Frame Rate
250 fps
Frame rate can be boosted by sub sampling and windowing
The pixel size and resolution result in a 6.3 mm x 4.7 mm optical
active area (1/2 inch)
Electro-Optical Specifications
Parameter
Typical Specifications
Remarks
FPN
2.5% RMS
10% peak-to-peak, Min: NA, Max: 3.1%
PRNU
2.5% RMS
Min: NA, Max: 3.1%
Conversion gain
-
At output, Min: NA, Max: NA
e-
Min: NA, Max: NA
34 uV/e
Saturation charge
35.000
Sensitivity
3200 V.m2/W.s
Min: NA, Max: NA
17V/lux.s
Visible band only (180 lux = 1 W/m2)
Peak QE * FF
45%
Dark current (at 21 °C)
300mV/s
Min: NA, Max: NA
Noise electrons
32e
-
Min: NA, Max: NA
S/N ratio
60.7 dB
Min: NA, Max: NA
Parasitic sensitivity
1/5000
Min: NA, Max: NA
MTF
60%
Min: NA, Max: NA
Power dissipation
160 mW
Typical, not including output load
190 mW
Typical, including output loads of 15 pF
Note
1. The LUPA-300 is also available in color or monochrome without the cover glass. Contact your local Cypress Sales office for more information.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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Spectral Response Curve
Figure 2. Special Response of LUPA-300
0.16
0.14
Response (A/W)
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Wavelength (nm)
Photo-voltaic Response Curve
Figure 3. Photo-voltaic Response LUPA-300
1.2
Output Voltage (analog)
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.00E+00
1.00E+04
2.00E+04
3.00E+04
4.00E+04
5.00E+04
6.00E+04
7.00E+04
electrons
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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Features and General Specifications
Table 1. General Specifications
Feature
Specification/Description
Electronic shutter type
Full snapshot shutter (integration during read out is possible)
Windowing (ROI)
Randomly programmable ROI read out. Implemented as scanning of lines/columns from an
uploaded position
Sub-sampling
Sub sampling is possible (only in the Y-direction)
Sub-sampling pattern: Y0Y0Y0Y0
Read out direction
Read out direction can be reversed in X and Y
Extended dynamic range
Multiple slope (up to 90 dB optical dynamic range)
Programmable gain
Range x1 to x16, in 16 steps using 4-bits programming
Programmable offset
256 steps (8 bit)
Digital output
On-chip 10-bit ADCs at 80 Msamples/s
Supply voltage VDD
Nominal 2.5V (some supplies require 3.3V)
Logic levels
2.5V
Operational temperature range
–40°C to 70°C; with degradation of dark current
Interface
Serial-to Parallel Interface (SPI)
Package
48-pin LCC
Power dissipation
<190 mW
Mass
±1g
Electrical Specifications
Table 2. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Value
Unit
VDD
Symbol
DC supply voltages
Parameter
–0.5 to 3.5
V
VIN
DC input voltage
–0.5 to 3.5
V
VOUT
DC output voltage
–0.5 to 3.5
V
IIO
DC current on any single pin
+/– 50
mA
TL
Lead temperature (5 seconds soldering)
350
ºC
Absolute Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
VDD = VDDD = VDDA (VDDD is supply to digital circuit, VDDA to analog circuit)
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:
Table 3. Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter[2,3,4]
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
VDDA
Power supply of the analog readout circuitry.
2.5
V
VDDD
Digital power supply
2.5
V
VPIX
Power supply of the analog pixel array
2.5
V
VRES
Power supply reset drivers
2.5
3.3
3.5
V
VMEM_H
Power supply of the pixels memory element (high level)
2.5
3.3
3.5
V
VADC
Power supply of the on-chip ADCs
TA
Commercial operating temperature.
70
°C
AL
Maximum lens angle
25
°
2.5
–40
30
V
Sensor Architecture
pixel. The starting point of the address is uploadable by means
of the Serial Parallel Interface (SPI).
The floor plan of the architecture is shown in Figure 4. The image
core consists of a pixel array, an X- and Y-addressing register,
pixel array drivers, and column amplifiers. The image sensor of
640 x 480 pixels is read out in progressive scan.
The PGAs amplify the signal from the column and add an offset
so the signal fits in the input range of the ADC. The four ADCs
then convert the signal to the digital domain. Pixels are selected
in a 4 * 1 kernel. Every ADC samples the signal from one of the
4 selected pixels. Sampling frequency is 20 MHz. The digital
outputs of the four ADCs are multiplexed to one output bus
operating at 80 MHz.
The architecture allows programmable addressing in the
x-direction in steps of 8 pixels and in the y-direction in steps of 1
Figure 4. Floor Plan of the Sensor
Y-shift register
On chip drivers
Pixel array
640 x 480
Column amplifiers
X-shift register
PGA + ADC
PGA + ADC
PGA + ADC
Mux
PGA + ADC
Sequencer
10 bit output
Notes
2. All parameters are characterized for DC conditions after thermal equilibrium has been established.
3. Unused inputs must always be tied to an appropriate logic level, for example, either VDD or GND.
4. This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields; however, it is recommended that normal precautions
be taken to avoid application of any voltages higher than the maximum rated voltages to this high impedance circuit.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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The 6-T pixel
To obtain the global shutter feature combined with a high sensitivity and good Parasitic Light Sensitivity (PLS), the pixel architecture
shown in Figure 5 is implemented. This pixel architecture is designed in a 9.9 x 9.9 m2 pixel pitch. The pixel is designed to meet the
specifications as described in the Specifications on page 2.
Figure 5. 6T-Pixel Architecture
Frame Rate and Windowing
Frame Rate
The frame rate depends on the input clock, the Frame Overhead Time (FOT) and the Row Overhead Time (ROT). The frame period
is calculated as follows
Frame period = FOT + Nr. Lines * (ROT + Nr. Pixels * clock period)
Table 4. Frame Rate Parameters
Parameter
FOT
Comment
Frame Overhead Time
Clarification
1200 clock periods for GRAN<1:0> = 11
624 clock periods for GRAN<1:0> = 10
336 clock periods for GRAN<1:0> = 01
192 clock periods for GRAN<1:0> = 00
ROT
Row Overhead Time
48 clock periods for GRAN<1:0> = 11
32 clock periods for GRAN<1:0> = 10
24 clock periods for GRAN<1:0> = 01
20 clock periods for GRAN<1:0> = 00
Nr. Lines
Number of lines read out each frame
Nr. Pixels
Number of pixels read out each line
clock period
1/80 MHz = 12.5 ns.
Example: read out of the full resolution at nominal speed (80 MHz pixel rate = 12.5 ns, GRAN<1:0>=10):
Frame period = 7.8 μs + (480 * (400 ns + 12.5 ns * 640) = 4.039 ms => 247.6 fps.
In case the sensor operates in subsampling, the ROT is enlarged with 8 clock periods.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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Windowing
Windowing is achieved by the SPI interface. The starting point of
the x- and y-address is uploadable, as well as the window size.
The minimum step size in the x-direction is 8 pixels (only
multiples of 8 can be chosen as start/stop addresses). The
minimum step size in the y-direction is 1 line (every line can be
addressed) in normal mode and 2 lines in sub sampling mode.
The window size in the x-direction is uploadable in register
NB_OF_PIX. The window size in the y-direction is determined by
the register FT_TIMER
Table 5. Typical Frame Rates for 80 MHz Clock and GRAN<1:0>=10
Image resolution (X * Y)
Frame Rate (fps)
Frame Readout (us)
640 x 480
247.5
4038
640 x 240
488.3
2048
Sub sampling
256 x 256
1076
929
Windowing
Analog to Digital Converter
The sensor has four 10-bit pipelined ADC on board. The ADCs
are nominally operating at 20 Msamples/s. The input range of the
ADC is between 0.75 and 1.75V. The analog input signal is
sampled at 2.1 ns delay from the rising edge of the ADC clock.
Comment
The digital output data appears at the output at 5.5 cycles later.
This is at the 6th falling edge succeeding the sample moment.
The data is delayed by 3.7 ns with respect to this falling edge.
This is illustrated in Figure 6.
Figure 6. ADC Timing
50ns
CLK_ADC
ADC_IN
D1
D2
ADC_OUT
<9:0>
D3
D4
D5
D6
DUMMY
D7
D1
D8
D2
D3
D4
5.5 clock cycles
3.7ns
Programmable Gain Amplifiers
Table 6. ADC Parameters
The programmable gain amplifiers have two functions:
Parameter
Specification
■
Adding an offset to the signal to fit it into the range of the ADC.
This is controlled by the VBLACK and VOFFSET SPI settings.
0.75V - 1.75 V
■
Amplifying the signal after the offset is added.
Quantization
10 bit
Offset Regulation
DNL
Typ. < 0.3 LSB
INL
Typ. < 0.7 LSB
The purpose of offset regulation is to bring the signal in the input
range of the ADC.
Data rate
20 Msamples/s
Input range
After the column amplifiers, the signal from the pixels has a
range from 0.1V (bright) to 1.3V (black). The input range of the
ADC is from 0.75V to 1.75V. The amount of offset added is
controlled by two SPI settings: VBLACK<7:0> and
VOFFSET<7:0>. The formula to add offset is:
Voutput = Vsignal + (Voffset - Vblack)
Note that the FPN (fixed pattern noise) of the sensor causes a
spread of about 100 mV on the dark level. To allow FPN
correction during post processing of the image, this spread on
the dark level needs to be covered by the input range of the ADC.
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This is why the default settings of the SPI are programmed to
add an offset of 200 mV. This way the dark level goes from 1.3V
to 1.5V and is the FPN information still converted by the ADC. To
match the ADC range, it is recommended to program an offset
of 340 mV. To program this offset, the Voffset and Vblack
registers can be used. Figure 7 illustrates the operation of the
offset regulation with an example. The blue histogram is the
histogram of the image taken after the column amplifiers.
Consider as an example that the device has a black level of
1.45V and a swing of 100 mV. With this swing, it fits in the input
range of the ADC, but a large part of the range of the ADC is not
used in this case. For this reason an offset is added first, to align
the black level with the input range of the ADC. In the first step,
an offset of 200 mV is added with the default settings of VBLACK
and VOFFSET. This results in the red histogram with a average
black level of 1.65V. This means that the spread on the black
level falls completely inside the range of the ADC. In a second
step, the signal is amplified to use the full range of the ADC.
Table 7. Gain Settings
Figure 7. Offset Regulation
Number of pixels
1.45V
1.65V
1.75V
GAIN_PGA<3.0>
Gain
0000
1.32
0001
1.56
0010
1.85
0011
2.18
0100
2.58
0101
3.05
0110
3.59
0111
4.22
1000
4.9
1001
5.84
1010
6.84
1011
8.02
1100
9.38
1101
11.2
1110
13.12
1111
15.38
VADC_HIGH
The amplification in the PGA is done around a pivoting point, set
by Vcal as illustrated in Figure 8. The VCAL<7:0> setting is used
to apply the Vcal voltage through an on chip DAC
Volts
Programmable Gain
Number of pixels
Figure 8. Effect on Histogram of PGA (gain=4)
(Vcal is the green line)
Vcal
The amplification inside the PGA is controlled by three SPI
settings:
The PGA gain selection: 16 gain steps are selectable by means
of the GAIN_PGA<3:0> register. Selection word 0000
corresponds with gain 1.32 and selection word 1111 corresponds
with gain 15.5. Table 7 gives the 16 gain settings
The unity gain selection of the PGA is done by the UNITY_PGA
setting. If this bit is high, the GAIN_PGA settings are ignored.
The SEL_UNI setting is used to have more gain steps. If this bit
is low, the signal is divided by two before entering the PGA.
GAIN_PGA and UNITY_PGA settings are applied afterwards. If
the SEL_UNI bit is high, there is a unity feed through to the PGA.
This allows having a total gain range of 0.5 to 16 in 32 steps.
Volts
Figure 9 continues on the example in the section, Offset
Regulation. The blue histogram is the histogram of the image
after the column amplifiers. With offset regulation an offset of 200
mV is added to bring the signal in range of the ADC. The black
level of 1.45V is shifted to 1.65V.
The red and blue histograms have a swing of 100 mV. This
means the input range of the ADC is not completely used. By
amplifying the signal with a factor 10 by the PGA, the full range
of the ADC can be used. In this example, Vcal is set at 1.75V (the
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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maximum input range of the ADC) to make sure the spread on
the black level is still inside the range of the ADC after amplification. The result after amplification is the purple histogram
Operation and Signaling
Figure 9. Example of PGA Operation
Every module on chip such as column amplifiers, output stages,
digital modules, and drivers has its own power supply and
ground. Off chip the grounds can be combined, but not all power
supplies may be combined. This results in several different
power supplies, but this is required to reduce electrical cross-talk
and to improve shielding, dynamic range, and output swing.
1.45V
Number of pixels
0.75V
1.65V
1.75V
Power Supplies
On chip, the ground lines of every module are kept separate to
improve shielding and electrical cross-talk between them.
Vcal
An overview of the supplies is given in Table 8 and Table 9.
Table 9 summarizes the supplies related to the pixel array
signals, where Table 8 summarizes the supplies related with all
other modules.
Volts
Table 8. Power Supplies
Name
DC Current
Peak Current
Typ
Max
Description
VDDA
15.7 mA
50 mA
2.5V
VDDD
6.7 mA
50 mA
2.5V
VADC
32.7 mA
100 mA
2.5V
Power supply of ADC circuitry
VDDO
3.5 mA
100 mA
2.5V
Power supply output drivers
GNDD
0V
Ground of the digital module
GNDA
0V
Ground of the analog readout module
GNDADC
0V
Ground of the ADC circuitry
GNDO
0V
Ground of the output drivers
Power supply analog readout module.
2.5V
Power supply digital modules
Table 9. Overview of the Power Su[pplies Related to Pixel Signals
Name
DC Current
Peak Current
Min
VPIX
3 mA
100 mA
VRES
1 μA
10 mA
VRES_DS
1 μA
10 mA
2.8V
Power supply reset dual slope drivers
VRES_TS
1 μA
10 mA
2.0V
Power supply reset triple slope drivers
VMEM_H
1 μA
1 μA
Max
2.5V
3.0V
3.0V
GNDDRIVERS
The maximum currents mentioned in Table 8 and Table 9 are
peak currents. All power supplies should be able to deliver these
currents except for Vmem_l, which must be able to sink this
current.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Typ
3.3V
3.3V
0V
Description
Power supply pixel array
3.5V
3.5V
Power supply reset drivers.
Power supply for memory element in pixel
Ground of the pixel array drivers
Note that no power supply filtering on chip is implemented and
that noise on these power supplies can contribute immediately
to the noise on the signal. The voltage supplies VPIX, VDDA and
VADC are especially important to be noise free.
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Biasing
Table 10 summarizes the biasing signals required to drive this image sensor. For optimization reasons of the biasing of the column
amplifiers with respect to power dissipation, several biasing resistors are required. This optimization results in an increase of signal
swing and dynamic range.
Table 10. Overview of Bias Signals
Signal[5]
Comment
Related Module
DC-Level‘
ADC
693 mV
Pixel array precharge
567 mV
PGA
650 mV
ADC_BIAS
Connect with 10 kΩ to VADC and decouple with 100n to GNDADC
PRECHARGE_BIAS
Connect with 68 kΩ to VPIX and decouple with 100 nF to
GNDDRIVERS
BIAS_PGA
Biasing of amplifier stage. Connect with 110 kΩ to VDDA and
decouple with 100 nF to GNDA
BIAS_FAST
Biasing of columns. Connect with 42 kΩ to VDDA and decouple with
100 nF to GNDA
Column amplifiers
750 mV
BIAS_SLOW
Biasing of columns. Connect with 1.5 MΩ to VDDA and decouple with
100 nF to GNDA
Column amplifiers
450 mV
BIAS_COL
Biasing of imager core. Connect with 500 kΩ to VDDA and decouple
with 100 nF to GNDA
Column amplifiers
508 mV
Digital Signals
Depending on the operation mode (master or slave), the pixel array of the image sensor requires different digital control signals. The
function of each of the signals is shown in Table 11:
Table 11. Overview of Digital Signals
Signal Name
I/O
Comments
LINE_VALID
Digital output
Indicates when valid data is at the outputs. Active high
FRAME_VALID
Digital output
Indicates when a valid frame is readout. Active high
INT_TIME_3
Digital I/O
In master mode: Output to indicate the triple slope integration time.
In slave mode: Input to control the triple slope integration time.
Active high
INT_TIME_2
Digital I/O
In master mode: Output to indicate the dual slope integration time.
In slave mode: Input to control the dual slope integration time.
Active high
INT_TIME_1
Digital I/O
In master mode: Output to indicate the integration time.
In slave mode: Input to control integration time.
Active high
RESET_N
Digital input
Sequencer reset. Active low
CLK
Digital input
Readout clock (80 MHz), sine or square clock
SPI_ENABLE
Digital input
Enable of the SPI
SPI_CLK
Digital input
Clock of the SPI. (Max. 20 MHz)
SPI_DATA
Digital I/O
Data line of the SPI. Bidirectional pin
Note
5. Each biasing signal determines the operation of a corresponding module in the sense that it controls speed and dissipation.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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Synchronous Shutter
simultaneously and after the integration time all pixel values are
sampled together on the storage node inside each pixel. The
pixel core is read out line by line after integration. Note that the
integration and read out cycle can occur in parallel or in
sequential mode.
In a synchronous (snapshot or global) shutter light integration
takes place on all pixels in parallel, although subsequent readout
is sequential. Figure 10 shows the integration and read out
sequence for the synchronous shutter. All pixels are light
sensitive at the same period of time. The whole pixel core is reset
Figure 10. Synchronous Shutter Operation
COMMON SAMPLE&HOLD
COMMON RESET
Flash could occur here
Line number
Time axis
Integration time
Burst Readout time
Non Destructive Readout (NDR)
Figure 11. Principle of Non Destructive Readout[6]
time
The sensor can also be read out in a non destructive way. After
a pixel is initially reset, it can be read multiple times, without
resetting. The initial reset level and all intermediate signals can
be recorded. High light levels saturate the pixels quickly, but a
useful signal is obtained from the early samples. For low light
levels, one has to use the later or latest samples. Essentially an
active pixel array is read multiple times, and reset only once. The
external system intelligence takes care of the interpretation of
the data. Table 12 summarizes the advantages and
disadvantages of non destructive readout
Note
6. This mode can be activated by setting the NDR SPI register. The NDR SPI register must only be changed during FOT. The NDR bit should be set high during
the first Frame Overhead Time after the pixel array is reset; the NDR bit must be set low during the last Frame Overhead Time before the pixel array is being reset.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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Table 12. Advantages and Disadvantages of Non Destructive Readout
Advantages
Disadvantages
Low noise because it is a true CDS.
System memory required to record the reset level and the intermediate samples.
High sensitivity because the conversion capacitance is kept
rather low.
Requires multiples readings of each pixel, thus higher data
throughput.
High dynamic range because the results includes signal for
short and long integrations times.
Requires system level digital calculations.
Sequencer
The sequencer generates the complete internal timing of the
pixel array and the readout. The timing can be controlled by the
user through the SPI register settings. The sequencer operates
on the same clock as the ADCs. This is a division by 4 of the input
clock.
Table 13 shows a list of the internal registers with a short
description. In the next section, the registers are explained in
more detail.
Table 13. Internal Registers
Address
0 (0000)
Bits
Name
Description
10:0
SEQUENCER
Default <10:0>: 00000101001
1
mastermode
1: master mode; 0: slave mode
1
ss
1: ss in y; 0: no subsampling
2
gran
clock granularity
1
enable_analog_out
1: enabled; 0: disabled
1
calib_line
1: line calibration; 0 frame calibration
1
res2_en
1: enable DS; 0: Disable DS
1
res3_en
1: enable TS; 0: Disable TS
1
reverse_x
1: readout in reverse x direction
0: readout in normal x direction
1
reverse_y
1: readout in reverse y direction
0: readout in normal y direction
1
Ndr
1: enable non destructive readout
0: disable non destructive readout
1 (0001)
7:0
START_X
Start pointer X readout
Default <7:0>: 00000000
2 (0010)
8:0
START_Y
Start pointer Y readout
Default <8:0>: 000000000
3 (0011)
7:0
NB_PIX
Number of kernels to read out (4 pixel kernel)
Default <7:0>: 10100000
4 (0100)
11:0
RES1_LENGTH
Length of reset pulse (in number of lines)
Default <11:0>: 000000000010
5 (0101)
11:0
RES2_TIMER
Position of reset DS pulse in number of lines
Default <11:0>: 000000000000
6 (0110)
11:0
RES3_TIMER
Position of reset TS pulse in number of lines
Default <11:0>: 000000000000
7(0111)
11:0
FT_TIMER
Position of frame transfer in number of lines
Default <11:0>: 000111100001
8 (1000)
7:0
VCAL
DAC input for vcal
Default <7:0>: 01001010
9 (1001)
7:0
VBLACK
DAC input for vblack
Default <7:0>: 01101011
10 (1010)
7:0
VOFFSET
DAC input for voffset
Default <7:0>: 01010101
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Page 12 of 31
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Table 13. Internal Registers (continued)
Address
11 (1011)
12 (1100)
Bits
Name
Description
11:0
ANA_IN_ADC
Activate analog ADC input
Default <11:0>: 000011110000
4
sel_test_path
Selection of analog test path
4
sel_path
Selection of normal analog path
4
bypass_mux
Bypass of digital 4 to 1 mux
11:0
PGA_SETTING
PGA settings
Default <11:0>: 111110110000
4
gain_pga
Gain settings PGA
1
unity_pga
PGA unity amplification
1
sel_uni
Preamplification of 0.5 (0: enabled)
1
enable_analog_in
Activate analog input
4
enable_adc
Put separate ADCs in standby
1
sel_calib_fast
Select fast calibration of PGA
13 (1101)
11:0
CALIB_ADC <11:0>
14 (1110)
11:0
CALIB_ADC <23:12>
15 (1111)
8:0
CALIB_ADC <32:24>
Calibration word of the ADCs
Default:
calib_adc<11:0>:101011011111
calib_adc<23:12>:011011011011
calib_adc<32:24>:000011011011
Detailed Description of the Internal Registers
11: > 80 MHz
The registers should only be changed during FOT (when frame
valid is low).
10: 40-80 MHz (default)
These registers should only be changed during RESET_N is low:
00: < 20 MHz
■
Mastermode register
■
Granularity register
01: 20-40 MHz
Enable analog out (1 bit)
This bit enables/disables the analog output amplifier.
Sequencer Register <10:0>
1: enabled
The sequencer register is an 11 bit wide register that controls all
of the sequencer settings. It contains several "sub-registers".
0: disabled (default)
Mastermode (1 bit)
This bit sets the calibration method of the PGA. Different
calibration modes can be set, at the beginning of the frame and
for every subsequent line that is read.
This bit controls the selection of mastermode/slavemode. The
sequencer can operate in two modes: master mode and slave
mode. In master mode all the internal timing is controlled by the
sequencer, based on the SPI settings. In slave mode the
integration timing is directly controlled over three pins, the
readout timing is still controlled by the sequencer.
Calib_line (1bit)
1: Calibration is done every line (default)
0: Calibration is done every frame (less row fixed pattern noise)
Res2_enable (1bit)
1: Master mode (default)
This bit enables/disables the dual slope mode of the device.
0: Slave mode
Subsampling (1bit)
1: Dual slope is enabled (configured according to the
RES2_TIMER register)
This bit enables/disables the subsampling mode. Subsampling
is only possible in Y direction and follows this pattern:
0: Dual slope is disabled (RES2_timer register is ignored) default
■
Read one, skip one: Y0Y0Y0Y0…
Res3_enable (1bit)
By default, the subsampling mode is disabled.
This bit enables/disables the triple slope mode of the device.
Clock granularity (2 bits)
1: triple slope is enabled (configured according to the
RES3_TIMER register)
The system clock (80 MHz) is divided several times on chip.
The clock, that drives the "snapshot" or synchronous shutter
sequencer, can be programmed using the granularity register.
The value of this register depends on the speed of your system
clock.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
0: triple slope is disabled (RES3_timer register is ignored) default
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Reverse_X (1bit)
The readout direction in X can be reversed by setting this bit
through the SPI.
1: Read direction is reversed (from right to left)
0: normal read direction (from left to right) - default
Reverse_Y (1bit)
The readout direction in Y can be reversed by setting this bit
through the SPI.
1: Read direction is reversed (from bottom to top)
0: normal read direction (from top to bottom) - default
This register defines the position of the additional reset pulse to
enable the triple slope capability. This is also defined as a
number of lines - 1.
The actual time on which the additional reset is given is calculated with the following formula:
TS high = (Res3_timer-1) * (ROT + Nr. Pixels * clock period)
Ft_timer <11:0>
This register sets the position of the frame transfer to the storage
node in the pixel. This means that it also defines the end of the
integration time. It is also expressed as a the number of lines - 1.
Ndr (1 bit)
The actual time on which the frame transfer takes place is calculated with the following formula:
This bit enables the non destructive readout mode if desired.
FT time = (ft_timer-1) * (ROT + Nr. Pixels * clock period)
1: ndr enables
Vcal <7:0>
0: ndr disables (default)
This register is the input for the on-chip DAC which generates
the Vcal supply used by the PGA.
Start_X Register <7:0>
This register sets the start position of the readout in X direction.
In this direction, there are 80 (from 0 to 79) possible start
positions (8 pixels are addressed at the same time in one clock
cycle). Remember that if you put Start_X to 0, pixel 0 is being
read out. Example:
If you set 23 in the Start_X register readout only starts from pixel
184 (8x23).
Start_Y Register <8:0>
This register sets the start position of the readout in Y direction.
In this direction, there are 480 (from 0 to 479) possible start
positions. This means that the start position in Y direction can be
set on a line by line basis.
Nb_pix <7:0>
This register sets the number of pixels to read out. The number
of pixels to be read out is expressed as a number of kernels in
this register (4 pixels per kernel). This means that there are 160
possible values for the register (from 1 to 160). Example:
If you set 37 in the nb_pix register, 148 (37 x 4) pixels are read
out.
Res1_length <11:0>
This register sets the length of the reset pulse (how long it
remains high). This length is expressed as a number of lines
(res1_length - 1). The minimum and default value of this register
is 2.
The actual time the reset is high is calculated with the following
formula:
When the register is "00000000" it sets a Vcal of 2.5V. When the
register is 11111111 then it sets a Vcal of 0V. This means that the
minimum step you can take with the Vcal register is 9.8 mV/bit
(2.5V/256bits).
Vblack <7:0>
This register is the input for the on-chip DAC which generates
the Vblack supply used by the PGA. When the register is
"00000000" it sets a Vblack of 2.5V. When the register is
11111111 then it sets a Vblack of 0V. This means that the
minimum step you can take with the Vblack register is 9.8 mV/bit
(2.5V/256bits).
Voffset <7:0>
This register is the input for the on-chip DAC, which generates
the Voffset supply used by the PGA. When the register is
"00000000" it sets a Voffset of 2.5V. When the register is
11111111 then it sets a Voffset of 0V. This means that the
minimum step you can take with the Voffset register is 9.8 mV/bit
(2.5V/256bits).
Ana_in_ADC <11:0>
This register sets the different paths that can be used as the ADC
input (mainly for testing and debugging). The register consists of
several "sub-registers".
Sel_test_path (4 bits)
These bits select the analog test path of the ADC.
0000: No analog test path selected (default)
0001: Path of pixel 1 selected
Reset high = (Res1_length-1) * (ROT + Nr. Pixels * clock period)
0010: Path of pixel 2 selected
Res2_timer <11:0>
Sel_path (4 bits)
This register defines the position of the additional reset pulse to
enable the dual slope capability. This is also defined as a number
of lines-1.
These bits select the analog path to the ADC.
The actual time on which the additional reset is given is calculated with the following formula:
DS high = (Res2_timer-1) * (ROT + Nr. Pixels * clock period)
Res3_timer <11:0>
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
1111: All paths selected (normal operation) - default
0000: No paths selected (enables ADC to be tested through test
paths)
0001: Path of pixel 1 selected
0010: Path of pixel 2 selected
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Bypass_mux (4 bits)
Sel_uni (1 bit)
These bits enable the possibility to bypass the digital 4 to 1 multiplexer.
This bit selects whether or not the signal gets a 0.5 amplification
before the PGA.
0000: no bypass (default)
0: amplification of 0.5 before PGA
PGA_SETTING <11:0>
1: Unity feed through (default)
This register defines all parameters to set the PGA. The register
consists of different "sub-registers"
Enable_analog_in (1 bit)
Gain_pga (4 bits)
0: analog input disabled (default)
These bits set the gain of the PGA. The following Table 14 gives
an overview of the different gain settings.
1: analog input enabled
Table 14.
These bits can separately enable/disable the different ADCs.
GAIN_PGA<3:0>
Gain
This bit enables/disables an analog input to the PGA.
Enable_adc (4 bits)
0000: No ADCs enabled
0000
1.32
1111: All ADCs enabled (default)
0001
1.56
0001: ADC 1 enabled
0010
1.85
0010: ADC 2 enabled
0011
2.18
Sel_calib_fast (1 bit)
0100
2.58
Selects the fast/slow calibration of the ADC
0101
3.05
0: slow calibration
0110
3.59
1: fast calibration
0111
4.22
2ADC Calibration Word <32:0>
1000
4.9
1001
5.84
1010
6.84
The calibration word for the ADCs is distributed over three
registers (13, 14 and 15). These registers all have their default
value and changing this value is not recommended. The default
register values are:
1011
8.02
calib_adc<11:0>: 101011011111
1100
9.38
calib_adc<23:12>: 011011011011
1101
11.2
calib_adc<32:24>: 000011011011
1110
13.12
1111
15.38
Unity_pga (1 bit)
This bit sets the PGA in unity amplification.
Data Interface (SPI)
The serial-3-wire interface (or Serial-to-Parallel Interface) uses a
serial input to shift the data in the register buffer. When the
complete data word is shifted into the register buffer the data
word is loaded into the internal register where it is decoded.
0: No unity amplification, gain settings apply
1: Unity gain amplification, gain setting are ignored (default)
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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Figure 12. SPI Schematic
The timing of the SPI register is explained in the timing diagram below
Figure 13. Timing of the SPI
Upload
20 MHz
SPI_CLK
SPI_IN
b<15>
b<14>
b<13>
b<12>
MSB---------------Address bits-------------LSB
b<11>
b<10>
b<9>
b<8>
b<7>
b<6>
b<5>
b<4>
b<3>
b<2>
b<1>
b<0>
dummy
b<15>
b<14>
b<13>
MSB--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Data bits-------------------------------------------------------------------------------LSB
SPI_ENABLE
SPI_IN (15:12): Address bits
SPI_IN (11:0): Data bits
When SPI_ENABLE is asserted the parallel data is loaded into
the internal registers of the LUPA300. The frequency of SPI_CLK
is 20 MHz or lower. The SPI bits have a default value that allows
the sensor to be read out at full resolution without uploading the
SPI bits.
Timing and Readout of the Image Sensor
The timing of the sensor consists of two parts. The first part is
related with the integration time and the control of the pixel. The
second part is related to the readout of the image sensor.
Integration and readout can be in parallel. In this case, the
integration time of frame I is ongoing during readout of frame I-1.
Figure 14 shows this parallel timing structure.
ferred to the pixel memory element. After this FOT, the sensor is
read out line per line. The readout of every line starts with a Row
Overhead Time (ROT) during which the pixel value is put on the
column lines. Then the pixels are selected in groups of 4. So in
total 160 kernels of 4 pixels are read out. The internal timing is
generated by the sequencer. The sequencer can operate in 2
modes: master mode and slave mode. In master mode all the
internal timing is controlled by the sequencer, based on the SPI
settings. In slave mode the integration timing is directly
controlled over three pins, the readout timing is still controlled by
the sequencer. The selection between master and slave mode is
done by the MASTERMODE register of the SPI. The sequencer
is clocked on the core clock; this is the same clock as the ADCs.
The core clock is the input clock divided by 4.
The readout of every frame starts with a Frame Overhead Time
(FOT) during which the analog value on the pixel diode is trans-
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Page 16 of 31
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Figure 14. Global Readout Timing
Integration frame I+1
Integration frame I+2
Readout frame I
Readout frame I+1
Readout Lines
FOT
L1
L2
...
L480
ROT
K1
K2
...
K160
Readout Pixels
Integration Timing
Integration Timing in Mastermode
In mastermode the integration time, the dual slope (DS)
integration time, and triple slope (TS) integration time are set by
the SPI settings. Figure 15 shows the integration timing and the
relationship with the SPI registers. The timing concerning
integration is expressed in number of lines read out. The timing
is controlled by four SPI registers which need to be uploaded with
the desired number of lines. This number is then compared with
the line counter that keeps track of the number of lines that is
read out.
RES2_TIMER <11:0>: The number of lines read out (minus 1)
after which the dual slope reset pulse is given. The length of the
pulse is given by the formula: 4*(12*(GRAN<1:0>+1)+1) (in clock
cycles).
RES3_TIMER < 11:0>: The number of lines read out (minus 1)
after which the triple slope reset pulse is given. The length of the
pulse is given by the formula: 4*(12*(GRAN<1:0>+1)+1) (in clock
cycles).
FT_TIMER <11:0>: The number of lines read out (minus 1) after
which the Frame Transfer (FT) and the FOT starts. The length of
the pulse is given by the formula: 4*(12*(GRAN<1:0>+1)+1) (in
clock cycles).
RES1_LENGTH <11:0>: The number of lines read out (minus 1)
after which the pixel reset drops and the integration starts.
Figure 15. Integration Timing in Master Mode
RESET_N
RESET
PIXEL
PIXEL
SAMPLE
# LINES
READOUT
1
FOT
Res1_length
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Res2_timer
Res3_timer
FT_timer
1
Res1_length
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The line counter starts with the value 1 immediately after the
rising edge of RESET_N and after the end of the FOT. This
means that the four integration timing registers must be
uploaded with the desired number of lines plus one.
In subsampling mode, the line counter increases with steps of
two. In this mode, the counter starts with the value ‘2’ immediately with the rising edge of RESET_N. This means that for
correct operation, the four integration timing registers can only
be uploaded with an even number of lines if subsampling is
enabled.
The length of the integration time, the DS integration time and
the TS integration time are indicated by 3 output pins:
INT_TIME_1, INT_TIME_2 and INT_TIME_3. These outputs are
high during the actual integration time. This is from the falling
edge of the corresponding reset pulse to the falling edge of the
internal pixel sample. Figure 16 illustrates this. The internal pixel
sample rises at the moment defined by FT_TIMER (see
Figure 15)
and
the
length
of
the
pulse
is
4*(12*(GRAN<1:0>+1)+2).
Figure 16. INT_TIME Timing
RESET_N
RESET
RESET
DS
RESET
TS
Frame
Transfer
INT_TIME1
INT_TIME2
INT_TIME3
PIXEL
SAMPLE
(internal )
Total Integration Time
DS Integration Time
TS Integration
Time
Readout Time Smaller Than or Equal to Integration Time
In this situation the RES_LENGTH register can be uploaded with
the smallest possible value, this is the value '2'. The frame rate
is determined by the integration time. The readout time is equal
to the integration time, the FT_TIMER register is uploaded with
a value equal to the window size to readout plus one. In case the
readout time is smaller than the integration time the FT_TIMER
register is uploaded with a value bigger than the window size.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Figure 17 shows this principle. While the sensor is being readout
the FRAME_VALID signal goes high to indicate the time needed
to read out the sensor.
When windowing in Y direction is desired in this mode (longer
integration time than read out time) the following parameters
should be set: The integration time is set by the FT_TIMER
register. The actual windowing in Y is achieved when the
surrounding system discards the lines which are not desired for
the selected window.
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Figure 17. Readout Time Smaller than Integration Time
Total Integration Time
PIXEL
RESET
FOT
FT_TIMER
FOT
Readout
FRAME_ VALID
Readout Time Larger Than Integration Time
FT_TIMER register must be set to the desired window size (in
Y). Only the RES_LENGTH register needs to be changed during
operation. Figure 18 shows this example.
In case the readout time is larger than then integration time, the
RES_LENGTH register needs to be uploaded with a value larger
than two to compensate for the larger readout time. The
Figure 18. Readout Time Larger than Integration Time
Integration Time
PIXEL
RESET
FOT
FRAME_ VALID
FT_TIMER
Readout
Integration Timing in Slave Mode
In slave mode, the registers RES_LENGTH, DS_TIMER,
TS_TIMER, and FT_TIMER are ignored. The integration timing
is now controlled by the pins INT_TIME_1, INT_TIME_2 and
INT_TIME_3, which are now active low input pins.
The relationship between the input pins and the integration
timing is illustrated in Figure 19. The pixel is reset as soon as
IN_TIME_1 is low (active) and INT_TIME_2 and INT_TIME_3
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
FOT
are high. The integration starts when INT_TIME_1 becomes high
again and during this integration additional (lower) reset can be
given by activating INT_TIME_2 and INT_TIME_3 separately. At
the end of the desired integration time the frame transfer starts
by making all 3 INT_TIME pins active low simultaneously. There
is always a small delay between the applied external signals and
the actual internally generated pulses. These delays are also
shown in Figure 19.
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Figure 19. Integration Timing in Slave Mode
RESET_N
SPI
SPI
upload
Simultanious
min 12 clk
periods
INT_TIME_1
INT_TIME_2
INT_TIME_3
RESET
(internal )
8 clk
periods
DS RESET
(internal )
8 clk
periods
TS RESET
(internal )
8 clk
periods
PIXEL SAMPLE
(internal )
FOT
FOT
Total Integration Time
DS Integration Time
min 12 clk
periods
TS Integration
Time
In case non destructive readout is used, the pulses on the input
pins still need to be given. By setting the NDR bit to "1" the
internal pixel reset pulses are suppressed but the external pulses
are still needed to have the correct timing of the frame transfer.
Readout Timing
which LINE_VALIDs are valid. LINE_VALIDs when
FRAME_VALID is low, must be discarded. Figure 20 and
Figure 21 illustrate this.
Note The FRAME_VALID signal automically goes low after 480
LINE_VALID pulses in mastermode.
The sensor is readout row by row. The LINE_VALID signal shows
when valid data of a row is at the outputs. FRAME_VALID shows
Figure 20. LINE_VALID Timing.
12.5ns
CLK
DATA
<9:0>
Invalid
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
Invalid
Invalid
Valid
Valid
LINE_VALID
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Page 20 of 31
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Figure 21. FRAME_VALID Timing
FRAME_VALID
LINE_VALID
The data at the output of the sensor is clocked on the rising edge
of CLK. There is a delay of 3.2 ns between the rising edge of CLK
and a change in DATA<9:0>. After this delay DATA<9:0> needs
6 ns to become stable within 10% of VDDD. This means that
DATA<9:0> is stable for a time equal to the clock period minus
6 ns. Figure 22 illustrates this.
Note In slave mode, line valids that occur beyond the desired
image window should be discarded by the user's image data
acquisition system
Figure 22. DATA<9.0> Valid Timing
CLK
DATA <9:0>
VALID
INVALID
LINE_VALID
4ns
INVALID
3.2ns
3.2 + 6ns
Readout Timing in Slave Mode
The start pointer of the window to readout is determined by the
START_X and START_Y registers (as by readout in master
mode). The size of the window in x-direction is also determined
by the NB_OF_PIX register. The length of the window in
y-direction is determined by the externally applied integration
timing. The sensor does not know the desired y-size to readout.
It therefore reads out all lines starting from START_Y. The
readout of lines continues until the user decides to start the FOT.
Even when the line pointer wants to address non existing rows
(row 481 and higher), the sequencer continues to run in normal
readout mode. This means that FRAME_VALID remains high
and LINE_VALID is toggled as if normal lines are readout.
The controller should take care of this and ignore the
LINE_VALIDs that correspond with non existing lines and
FOT
INT_TIME1
6ns
VALID
Clk period – 6ns
LINE_VALIDs that correspond with lines that are not inside the
desired readout window.
The length of the FOT and ROT is still controlled by the GRAN
register as described in this data sheet.
Readout time longer than integration time
The sensor should be timed according to the formulas and
diagram here:
1. INT_TIME_1 should be brought high at time (read_t - int_t)
and preferably immediately after the falling edge of
LINE_VALID.
2. At time read_t all INT_TIME_x should simultaneous go low to
start the FOT. This is immediately after the falling edge of the
last LINE_VALID of the desired readout window.
Readout
Reset
INVALID
FOT
Integration
Readout time shorter than integration time
The sensor should be timed according to the formulas and
diagram here:
1. INT_TIME_1 should be brought high after a minimum 2 μs
reset time and preferably immediately after the falling edge of
the first LINE_VALID.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
2. At time read_t after the last valid LINE_VALID of the desired
window size, all other LINE_VALIDs should be ignored.
3. After the desired integration length all INT_TIME_x should
simultaneous go low to start the FOT.
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FOT
Dummy
LINE_VALIDs
Readout
Reset
INT_TIME1
FOT
Integration
Startup Timing
On startup, VDDD should rise together with or before the other
supplies. The rise of VDDD should be limited to 1V/100 μs to
avoid activation of the on chip ESD protection circuitry.
During the rise of VDDD an on chip POR_N signal is generated
that resets the SPI registers to its default setting. After VDDD is
stable the SPI settings can be uploaded to configure the sensor
for future readout and light integration. When powering on the
VDDD supply, the RESET_N pin should be kept low to reset the
on chip sequencer and addressing logic. The RESET_N pin
must remain low until all initial SPI settings are uploaded.
RESET_N pin must remain low for at least 500 ns after ALL
supplies are stable. The rising edge of RESET_N starts the on
chip clock division. The second rising edge of CLK after the rising
edge of RESET_N, triggers the rising edge of the core clock.
Some SPI settings can be uploaded after the core clock has
started.
Figure 23. Startup Timing
Min 500ns
RESET_N
POR_N
(internal)
System clock
(external)
Core clock
(internal)
VDDD power
supply
SPI upload
POWER ON
VDDD STABLE
INVALID
SPI upload
INVALID
Sequencer Reset Timing
By bringing RESET_N low for at least 50 ns, the on chip
sequencer is reset to its initial state. The internal clock division is
restarted. The second rising edge of CLK after the rising edge of
SPI upload if required
RESET_N the internal clock is restarted. The SPI settings are
not affected by RESET_N. If needed the SPI settings can be
changed during a low level of RESET_N.
Figure 24. Sequencer Reset Timing
System
clock
(external)
Min 50 ns
RESET_N
Core clock
(internal)
Sync_Y
(internal)
Clock_Y
(internal)
Normal operation
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
INVALID
Normal operation
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Pinlist
Table 15. Pinlist
Pin No.
Name
Type
Description
1
GNDADC
Ground
Ground supply of the ADCs
2
DATA<5>
Output
Databit<5>
3
DATA<6>
Output
Databit<6>
4
DATA<7>
Output
Databit<7>
5
DATA<8>
Output
Databit<8>
6
DATA<9>
Output
Databit<9> (MSB)
7
GNDD
Ground
Digital ground supply
8
VDDD
Supply
Digital power supply (2.5V)
9
GNDADC
Ground
Ground supply of the ADCs
10
VADC
Supply
Power supply of the ADCs (2.5V)
11
GNDA
Ground
Ground supply of analog readout circuitry
12
VDDA
Supply
Power supply of analog readout circuitry (2.5V)
13
ADC_BIAS
Biasing
Biasing of ADCs. Connect with 10 kΩ to VADC and decouple with 100n
to GND_ADC
14
BIAS4
Biasing
Biasing of amplifier stage. Connect with 110 kΩ to VDDA and decouple
with 100 nF to GNDA
15
BIAS3
Biasing
Biasing of columns. Connect with 42 kΩ to VDDA and decouple with 100
nF to GNDA
16
BIAS2
Biasing
Biasing of columns. Connect with 1.5 MΩ to VDDA and decouple with
100 nF to GNDA.
17
BIAS1
Biasing
Biasing of imager core. Connect with 500 kΩ to VDDA and decouple
with 100 nF to GNDA
18
VPIX
Supply
Power supply of pixel array (2.5V)
19
SPI_ENABLE
Digital input
Enable of the SPI
20
SPI_CLK
Digital input
Clock of the SPI. (Max. 20 MHz)
21
SPI_DATA
Digital I/O
Data line of the SPI. Bidirectional pin
22
VMEM_H
Supply
Supply of vmem_high of pixelarray (3.3V)
23
GND_DRIVERS
Ground
Ground of pixel array drivers
24
VRESET_1
Supply
Reset supply voltage (typical 3.3V)
25
VRESET_2
Supply
Dual slope reset supply voltage. Connect to other supply or ground when
dual slope reset is not used
26
VRESET_3
Supply
Triple slope reset supply voltage. Connect to other supply or ground
when triple slope reset is not used
27
PRECHARGE_BIAS
Bias
Connect with 68 kΩ to VPIX and decouple with 100 nF to
GND_DRIVERS
28
LINE_VALID
Digital output
Indicates when valid data is at the outputs. Active high
29
FRAME_VALID
Digital output
Indicates when valid frame is readout
30
INT_TIME_3
Digital I/O
In master mode: Output to indicate the triple slope integration time. In
slave mode: Input to control the triple slope integration time
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Table 15. Pinlist (continued)
Pin No.
Name
Type
Description
31
INT_TIME_2
Digital I/O
In master mode: Output to indicate the dual slope integration time. In
slave mode: Input to control the dual slope integration time
32
INT_TIME_1
Digital I/O
In master mode: Output to indicate the integration time
In slave mode: Input to control integration time
33
VDDD
Supply
Digital power supply (2.5V)
34
GNDD
Ground
Digital ground supply
35
VDDA
Supply
Power supply of analog readout circuitry (2.5V)
36
GNDA
Ground
Ground supply of analog readout circuitry
37
RESET_N
Digital input
Sequencer reset, active low
38
CLK
Digital input
Readout clock (80 MHz), sine or square clock
39
VADC
Supply
Power supply of the ADCs (2.5V)
40
GNDADC
Ground
Ground supply of the ADCs
41
VDDO
Supply
Power supply of the output drivers (2.5V)
42
GNDO
Ground
Ground supply of the output drivers
43
DATA<0>
Output
Databit<0> (LSB)
44
DATA<1>
Output
Databit<1>
45
DATA<2>
Output
Databit<2>
46
DATA<3>
Output
Databit<3>
47
DATA<4>
Output
Databit<4>
48
VADC
Supply
Power supply of the ADCs (2.5V)
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Package Drawing
Figure 25. Package Drawing
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Page 25 of 31
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Package with Glass
0.04125mm
±0.03375mm
0.6mm
0.57mm±
0.076mm
0.790mm
0.740mm
±0.010mm
0.57mm±
0.076mm
0.51mm±
0.05mm
14.22mm
±0.13mm
Die Specifications
8.6mm
Pixel 0,0
8.9mm
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Page 26 of 31
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Die in Package
19
31
6.1mm
7.1mm
Optical center
7
48
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
1
Page 27 of 31
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Bonding Diagram
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Page 28 of 31
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Glass Lid
A D263 glass is used as protection glass lid on top of the LUPA-300 monochrome and color sensors. Figure 26 shows the transmission
characteristics of the D263 glass.
Figure 26. Transmission Characteristics of the D263 Glass used as Protective Cover for the LUPA-300 Sensors
100
Transmission [%]
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
400
500
600
700
800
900
Wavelength [nm ]
As seen in Figure 26, no infrared attenuating color filter glass is used. This means that it is required for the user to provide this filter
in the optical path when color devices are used.
Color Filter
The LUPA-300 can also be processed with a Bayer RGB color pattern. Pixel (0,0) has a red filter
Figure 27. Color Filter Arrangement on the Pixels
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Page 29 of 31
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Handling Precautions
For proper handling and storage conditions, refer to the Cypress application note AN52561 at www.cypress.com.
Limited Warranty
Cypress Image Sensor Business Unit warrants that the image sensor products to be delivered hereunder if properly used and serviced,
will conform to Seller's published specifications and will be free from defects in material and workmanship for one (1) year following
the date of shipment. If a defect were to manifest itself within 1 (one) year period from the sale date, Cypress will either replace the
product or give credit for the product.
Appendix A: Frequently Asked Questions
Q:
How does the dual (multiple) slope extended dynamic range mode work?
A:
Figure 28. Dual Slope Diagram
Reset pulse
Read out
Double slope reset pulse
Reset level 1
p1
Reset level 2
p2
p3
p4
Saturation level
Double slope reset time (usually 510% of the total integration time)
Total integration time
The green lines are the analog signal on the photodiode, which
decrease as a result of exposure. The slope is determined by the
amount of light at each pixel (the more light the steeper the
slope). When the pixels reach the saturation level the analog
signal does not change despite further exposure. As shown,
without any double slope pulse pixels p3 and p4 reaches
saturation before the sample moment of the analog values; no
signal is acquired without double slope. When double slope is
enabled a second reset pulse is given (blue line) at a certain time
before the end of the integration time. This double slope reset
pulse resets the analog signal of the pixels below this level to the
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
reset level. After the reset the analog signal starts to decrease
with the same slope as before the double slope reset pulse. If the
double slope reset pulse is placed at the end of the integration
time (90% for instance) the analog signal that reach the
saturation levels are not saturated anymore (this increases the
optical dynamic range) at read out. It is important to note that
pixel signals above the double slope reset level are not influenced by this double slope reset pulse (p1 and p2). If desired,
additional reset pulses can be given at lower levels to achieve
multiple slope.
Page 30 of 31
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CYIL1SM0300AA
Document History Page
Document Title: CYIL1SM0300AA LUPA-300 CMOS Image Sensor
Document Number: 001-00371
Rev.
ECN.
Submission
Date
Orig. of
Change
**
386743
See ECN
FPW
Initial Cypress release
*A
391272
See ECN
FPW
Added spectral and photo voltaic response curve.
Updated specifications according to the characterization measurements
*B
422288
See ECN
FPW
Removed note about nb_pix in X because the problem was solved. Removed the
68 pin JLCC pinlist.
Changed footer in some pages
*C
497126
See ECN
QGS
Converted to Frame file
*D
645720
See ECN
FPW
Updated ordering information
*E
2766198
09/19/09
NVEA
Updated Ordering Information table
*F
2787396
10/15/09
NVEA
Added Bonding diagram, updated Handling Precautions section, and added
Limited Warranty section
Description of Change
Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information
Worldwide Sales and Design Support
Cypress offers standard and customized CMOS image sensors for consumer as well as industrial and professional applications.
Consumer applications include solutions for fast growing high speed machine vision, motion monitoring, medical imaging, intelligent
traffic systems, security, and barcode applications. Cypress's customized CMOS image sensors are characterized by very high pixel
counts, large area, very high frame rates, large dynamic range, and high sensitivity.
Cypress maintains a worldwide network of offices, solution centers, manufacturer's representatives, and distributors. For more
information on Image sensors, contact [email protected].
© Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, 2006-2009. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of
any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Cypress product. Nor does it convey or imply any license under patent or other rights. Cypress products are not warranted nor intended to be used for
medical, life support, life saving, critical control or safety applications, unless pursuant to an express written agreement with Cypress. Furthermore, Cypress does not authorize its products for use as
critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress products in life-support systems
application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges.
Any Source Code (software and/or firmware) is owned by Cypress Semiconductor Corporation (Cypress) and is protected by and subject to worldwide patent protection (United States and foreign),
United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Cypress hereby grants to licensee a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to copy, use, modify, create derivative works of,
and compile the Cypress Source Code and derivative works for the sole purpose of creating custom software and or firmware in support of licensee product to be used only in conjunction with a Cypress
integrated circuit as specified in the applicable agreement. Any reproduction, modification, translation, compilation, or representation of this Source Code except as specified above is prohibited without
the express written permission of Cypress.
Disclaimer: CYPRESS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Cypress reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the materials described herein. Cypress does not
assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein. Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in life-support systems where
a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress’ product in a life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer
assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges.
Use may be limited by and subject to the applicable Cypress software license agreement.
Document Number: 001-00371 Rev. *F
Revised October 15, 2009
Page 31 of 31
All products and company names mentioned in this document may be the trademarks of their respective holders.
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