eorex EP3001 1.5MHz, 600mA Synchronous Step-down Converter Features Description • High Efficiency: Up to 96% • 1.5MHz Constant Switching Frequency • 600mA Output Current at VIN = 3V • Integrated Main Switch and Synchronous Rectifier • No Schottky Diode Required • 2.5V to 5.5V Input Voltage Range • Output Voltage as Low as 0.6V • 100% Duty Cycle in Low Dropout Operation • Low Quiescent Current: 300µA • Slope Compensated Current Mode Control for Excellent Line and Load Transient Response • Short Circuit Protection • Thermal Fault Protection, <1uA Shutdown Current • Space Saving 5-Pin Thin SOT23 package The EP3001 is a 1.5MHz, constant frequency, slope compensated current mode PWM step-down converter. The device integrates a main switch and a synchronous rectifier for high efficiency without an external Schottky diode. It is ideal for powering portable equipment that runs from a single cell lithium-Ion (Li+) battery. The EP3001 can supply 600mA of load current from a 2.5V to 5.5V input voltage. The output voltage can be regulated as low as 0.6V. The EP3001 can also run at 100% duty cycle for low dropout operation, extending battery life in portable system. Idle mode operation at light loads provides very low output ripple voltage for noise sensitive applications. The EP3001is offered in a low profile (1mm) 5-pin, thin SOT package, and is available in an adjustable version and fixed output voltage of 1.2V, 1.5V and 1.8V. Applications • Cellular and Smart Phones • Microprocessors and DSP Core Supplies • Wireless and DSL Modems • PDAs • MP3 Players • Digital Still and Video Cameras • Portable Instruments Typical Application Efficiency vs Output Current 100.00% 4 VIN VIN C1 4.7μF SW L1 2.2μH 3 1 VOUT GND 80.00% VOUT 1.2V 70.00% C1 10μF EP3001 EN 90.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 5 30.00% 2 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 0.1 1 10 100 Figure 1-Basic application circuit with EP3001 fixed output version Jul. 2006 www.eorex.com 1/10 1000 eorex EP3001 Pin Assignment Adjustable Output Version Fixed Output Version Top View Top View EN 1 GND 2 SW 3 5 4 FB VIN EN 1 GND 2 SW 3 TSOT23-5 5 VOUT 4 VIN TSOT23-5 * Fixed 1.5V Marking A2YW * Fixed 1.8V Marking A3YW * Fixed 1.2V Marking A4YW Ordering Information Pin Description Pin Name Function 1 EN 2 3 GND SW 4 VIN 5 FB/VOUT Regulator Enable control input. Drive EN above 1.5V to turn on the part. Drive EN below 0.3V to turn it off. In shutdown, all functions are disabled drawing <1µA supply current. Do not leave EN floating. Ground Power Switch Output. It is the Switch note connection to Inductor. This pin connects to the drains of the internal P-Ch and N-Ch MOSFET switches. Supply Input Pin. Must be closely decoupled to GND, Pin 2, with a 2.2µF or greater ceramic capacitor. FB(EP3001-Adj): Feedback Input Pin. Connect FB to the center point of the external resistor divider. The feedback threshold voltage is 0.6V. VOUT(EP3001-1.2/EP3001-1.5/EP3001-1.8): Output Voltage Feedback Pin. An internal resistive divider divides the output voltage down for comparison to the internal reference voltage. Jul. 2006 www.eorex.com 2/10 eorex EP3001 Thermal Resistance (Note 1) Package θJA θJC TSOT23-5 220°C/W 110°C/W Absolute Maximum Rating (Note 2) Symbol VIN VEN,FB VSW TOP TJ TSTG TL Item Rating Units Input Supply Voltage -0.3 ~ +6 V EN, FB Voltages -0.3 ~ VIN V -0.3 ~ VIN+0.3 V P-Channel Switch Source Current(DC) 800 mA N-Channel Switch Sink Current(DC) 800 mA Peak SW Sink and Source Current 1.3 A -40 ~+85 °C +125 °C -65 ~ +150 °C +300 °C SW Voltages Operating Temperature Range Junction Temperature (Note 3) Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10s) Note 1:Thermal Resistance is specified with approximately 1 square of 1 oz copper. Note 2:Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. Note 3:TJ is calculated from the ambient temperature TA and power dissipation PD according to the following formula: TJ = TA + (PD) × (220°C/W) Jul. 2006 www.eorex.com 3/10 eorex EP3001 Electrical Characteristics (Note 4) (VIN=VEN=3.6V, TA=25, unless otherwise noted.) Symbol VIN IS VFB ∆VFB IFB VOUT Parameter Input Voltage Range Input DC Supply Current Active Mode Shutdown Mode Regulated Feedback Voltage Conditions Output Voltage Load Regulation IPK Peak Inductor Current fOSC Oscillator Frequency RPFET RDS(ON) of P-CH MOSFET RNFET RDS(ON) of N-CH MOSFET ILSW SW Leakage VEN EN Threshold IEN EN Leakage Current 5.5 400 1.0 0.6120 V µA µA V 0.5880 TA=0°C≤TA≤85°C 0.5865 0.6000 0.6135 V TA=-40°C≤TA≤85°C 0.5820 0.6000 0.6180 V 0.04 0.4 %/V ±30 nA VFB=0.65V EP3001-1.2, -40°C≤TA≤ 85°C EP3001-1.5, -40°C≤TA≤ 85°C EP3001-1.8, -40°C≤TA≤ 85°C VIN=2.5V to 5.5V VLOADREG Units 300 0.1 0.6000 Feedback Input Bias Current Output Voltage Line Regulation Max. 2.5 VIN=2.5V to 5.5V ∆ VOUT Typ. VFB=0.5V or VOUT=90% VFB=0V, VIN=4.2V TA=+25°C Reference Voltage Line Regulation Regulated Output Voltage Min. 1.164 1.200 1.236 V 1.455 1.500 1.546 V 1.746 1.800 1.854 V 0.04 0.40 % 0.5 VIN=3V, VFB=0.5V or VOUT=90% Duty Cycle < 35% VFB=0.6V or VOUT=100% ISW=300mA ISW=-300mA VEN=0V, VSW=0V or 5V, VIN=5V -40°C≤TA ≤ 85°C % 0.75 1.00 1.25 A 1.2 1.5 1.8 MHz 0.40 0.50 Ω 0.35 0.45 Ω ±0.01 ±1 µA 1.0 1.30 V ±0.01 ±1 µA 0.3 Note 4:100% production test at +25°C. Specifications over the temperature range are guaranteed by design and characterization. Jul. 2006 www.eorex.com 4/10 eorex EP3001 Typical Performance Characteristics (Test circuitry is as Figure 2, unless otherwise specified.) Dynamic Supply Current vs Supply Voltage Output Voltage vs Supply Voltage 400 1.210 380 1.208 360 1.206 340 1.204 320 1.202 300 1.200 280 1.198 260 1.196 240 1.194 220 1.192 200 2 3 4 5 6 1.190 2 Efficiency vs Output Current 100.00% 90.00% 90.00% 80.00% 80.00% 70.00% 70.00% 60.00% 60.00% 50.00% 50.00% 40.00% 40.00% 30.00% 30.00% 20.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 0.1 10.00% 0.00% 0.1 10 100 1000 Efficiency vs Output Current 100.00% 90.00% 90.00% 80.00% 80.00% 70.00% 70.00% 60.00% 60.00% 50.00% 50.00% 40.00% 40.00% 30.00% 30.00% 20.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 0.1 10.00% 0.00% 10 100 5 6 1 10 100 1000 Efficiency vs Output Current 100.00% 1 4 Efficiency vs Output Current 100.00% 1 3 1000 Jul. 2006 1 10 100 1000 www.eorex.com 5/10 eorex EP3001 Functional Block Diagram *For Adjustable Output, R1+R2 Is External. Operation The EP3001 is a monolithic switching mode Step-Down DC-DC converter. It utilizes internal MOSFETs to achieve high efficiency and can generate very low output voltage by using internal reference at 0.6V. It operates at a fixed switching frequency, and uses the slope compensated current mode architecture. Current Mode PWM Control Slope compensated current mode PWM control provides stable switching and cycle-by-cycle current limit for excellent load and line responses and protection of the internal main switch (P-Ch MOSFET) and synchronous rectifier (N-Ch MOSFET). During normal operation, the internal P-Ch MOSFET is turned on for a certain time to ramp the inductor current at each rising edge of the internal oscillator, and switched off when the peak inductor current is above the error voltage. The current comparator, ICOMP, limits the peak inductor current. When the main switch is off, the synchronous rectifier will be turned on immediately and stay on until either the inductor current starts to reverse, as indicated by the current reversal comparator, IZERO, or the beginning of the next clock cycle. The OVDET comparator controls output transient overshoots by turning the main switch off and keeping it off until the fault is no longer present. Jul. 2006 www.eorex.com 6/10 eorex EP3001 Idle Mode Operation At very light loads, the EP3001 automatically enters Idle Mode. In the Idle Mode, the inductor current may reach zero or reverse on each pulse. The PWM control loop will automatically skip pulses to maintain output regulation. The bottom MOSFET is turned off by the current reversal comparator, IZERO, and the switch voltage will ring. This is discontinuous mode operation, and is normal behavior for the switching regulator. Dropout Operation When the input voltage decreases toward the value of the output voltage, the EP3001 allows the main (Note 5) switch to remain on for more than one switching cycle and increases the duty cycle until it reaches 100%. The output voltage then is the input voltage minus the voltage drop across the main switch and the inductor. At low input supply voltage, the RDS(ON) of the P-Ch MOSFET increases, and the efficiency of the converter decreases. Caution must be exercised to ensure the heat dissipated not to exceed the maximum junction temperature of the IC. Note 5: The duty cycle D of a step-down converter is defined as: V D = TON × fOSC × 100%≈ OUT × 100% VIN where TON is the main switch on time, and fOSC is the oscillator frequency (1.5MHz). Maximum Load Current The EP3001 will operate with input supply voltage as low as 2.5V, however, the maximum load current decreases at lower input due to large IR drop on the main switch and synchronous rectifier. The slope compensation signal reduces the peak inductor current as a function of the duty cycle to prevent sub-harmonic oscillations at duty cycles greater than 50%. Conversely the current limit increases as the duty cycle decreases. Short-Circuit Protection A current limit (1A) circuit is equipped in the EP3001, to protect the EP3001 when the output pin is shorted to GND pin. This current limit will suppress the output current so that the inductor current has enough time to decay. Jul. 2006 www.eorex.com 7/10 eorex EP3001 Applications Information Figure 2-below shows the Basic Application Circuit with EP3001 adjustable versions. Setting the Output Voltage Figure 2 above shows the basic application circuit with EP3001 adjustable output version. The external resistor sets the output voltage according to the following equation: ⎛ ⎝ VOUT=0.6V ⎜1 + R2 ⎞ ⎟ R1 ⎠ R2 = 300KΩ for all outputs; R1 = 300KΩ for VOUT = 1.2V; R1 = 200KΩ for VOUT = 1.5V; R1 = 150KΩ for VOUT = 1.8V; R1 = 95.3KΩ for VOUT = 2.5V; R1 = 67KΩ for VOUT = 3.3V Input Capacitor Selection The input capacitor reduces the surge current drawn from the input and switching noise from the device. The input capacitor impedance at the switching frequency shall be less than input source impedance to prevent high frequency switching current passing to the input. A low ESR input capacitor sized for maximum RMS current must be used. Ceramic capacitors with X5R or X7R dielectrics are highly recommended because of their low ESR and small temperature coefficients. A 4.7µF ceramic capacitor for most applications is sufficient. Jul. 2006 www.eorex.com 8/10 eorex EP3001 Output Capacitor Selection The output capacitor is required to keep the output voltage ripple small and to ensure regulation loop stability. The output capacitor must have low impedance at the switching frequency. Ceramic capacitors with X5R or X7R dielectrics are recommended due to their low ESR and high ripple current. The output ripple VOUT is determined by: ∆VOUT ≤ VOUT × (VIN − VOUT ) VIN × fOSC × L ⎛ 1 ⎝ 8 × fOSC × ⎜⎜ ESR + ⎞ ⎟ × C3 ⎟⎠ Inductor Selection For most designs, the EP3001 operates with inductors of 1µH to 4.7µH. Low inductance values are physically smaller but require faster switching, which results in some efficiency loss. The inductor value can be derived from the following equation: L= VOUT × (VIN − VOUT ) VIN × ΔIL × fOSC Where ∆IL inductor Ripple Current. Large value inductors lower ripple current and small value inductors result in high ripple currents. Choose inductor ripple current approximately 35% of the maximum load current 600mA or 210mA. For output voltages above 2.0V, when light-load efficiency is important, the minimum recommended inductor is 2.2µH. For optimum voltage-positioning load transients, choose an inductor with DC series resistance in the 50mΩ to 150mΩ range. For higher efficiency at heavy loads (above 200mA), or minimal load regulation (but some transient overshoot), the resistance should be kept below 100mΩ. The DC current rating of the inductor should be at least equal to the maximum load current plus half the ripple current to prevent core saturation (600mA+105mA). Table 1 lists some typical surface mount inductors that meet target applications for the EP3001. Part # Sumida CR43 Sumida CDRH4D18 Toko D312C L (µH) Max DCR (mΩ) Rated D.C. Current (A) 1.4 2.2 3.3 4.7 56.2 71.2 86.2 108.7 2.52 1.75 1.44 1.15 1.5 2.2 3.3 4.7 75 110 162 1.32 1.04 0.84 1.5 2.2 3.3 4.7 120 140 180 240 1.29 1.14 0.98 0.79 Jul. 2006 Size W×L×H (mm) 4.5×4.0×3.5 4.7×4.7×2.0 3.6×3.6×1.2 www.eorex.com 9/10 eorex EP3001 Package Description 5pin TSOT-23 Package Outline Dimensions DIM MILLIMETERS INCHES MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. A 0.90 − 1.10 0.035 − 0.043 A1 0.01 − 0.13 0.0004 − 0.005 B 0.30 − 0.50 0.012 − 0.020 C 0.09 − 0.20 0.004 − 0.008 D 2.80 − 3.00 0.110 − 0.118 H 2.50 − 3.10 0.098 − 0.122 E 1.50 − 1.70 0.059 − 0.067 e 0.95 REF. 0.037 REF. e1 1.90 REF. 0.075 REF. L1 0.20 − 0.55 0.008 − 0.022 L 0.35 − 0.80 0.014 − 0.031 0° − 10° Q 0° 10° − * Package outline exclusive of mold flash and metal burr. Jul. 2006 www.eorex.com 10/10