Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Technical Data MC44C401 Rev. 1.1 02/2004 MC44C401 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC44C401 MTS Stereo Encoder Ordering Information Contents 1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Reference Documentation 2 3 Block Diagrams . . . . . . . 3 4 I/O Description . . . . . . . 5 5 Electrical Specifications 6 6 Package Data . . . . . . . . 8 7 Functional Description 10 8 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . 11 Device Temp. Range Package MC44C401FA 0°C to 70°C 32TQFP The MC44C401 Multi-Channel Television Sound (MTS) Stereo Encoder is the industry’s first, single-chip, CMOS implementation of a Broadcast Television Systems Committee (BTSC)-compatible stereo encoder. The MC44C401 MTS Stereo Encoder is designed for use in set-top boxes, VCRs, DVD players/recorders, game stations, and other applications that are required to output high-quality stereo sound through a single RF coaxial cable. The digital audio processing used in the MC44C401 preserves the full fidelity of surround sound and other audio coding schemes while ensuring overall system performance is not impacted by copy protection technologies. The MC44C401 is engineered to process right and left analog audio signals and baseband composite video to generate a stereophonic composite signal in accordance with BTSC system standards. The MC44C401 is designed to output this signal to a Motorola RF modulator, which in turn produces a stereo encoded RF channel for use with any BTSC stereo television receiver. 1 Features • Integrated A/D input and D/A output circuitry • CEX™ • Surround sound and Macrovision™ compatible • Extended low frequency response (The MC44C401 frequency response extends below 25 Hz) digital audio processing encodes and transports stereo signals © Motorola, Inc., 2004. All rights reserved. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Reference Documentation • Simple passive interface to Motorola’s MC44BC374 (UHF/VHF) and MC44BC375 (VHF) modulators • Preservation of original surround sound fidelity • System performance not impacted by copy protection technologies • Enables lower system component count, smaller board size, and significantly lower overall system cost • Eliminates manual alignment of filters, phase controls, and composite signal amplitude 2 Reference Documentation “Multichannel Television Sound Transmission and Audio Processing Requirements for the BTSC System”, FCC OET Bulletin No. 60, February 1986. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... • 2 MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Block Diagrams 3 Block Diagrams Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC44C401 PLLVDD 30 XTALIN 28 TALOUT 27 Osc 4 MHz APLL 22 CLK4MHZ Clock Generator APLLVSS 29 ADCVDD 7 VINLP 9 Σ∆ VINLM 10 ADC VREFP 4 VAGO 6 VREFM 5 11 DACVDD 15 DOLPRP Σ∆ DAC 14 DOLPRM 13 DOLMRP Σ∆ DAC V-REF 12 DOLMRM 16 DACVSS 26 DVSS VINRP 2 Σ∆ 25 OVDD VINRM 3 ADC 24 DVSS ADCVSS 8 21 DVDD 20 DVSS 19 DVSS 1 CVBS 18 DVSS Sync Separator Audio Processor SSVDD 31 SSVSS 32 23 NC 17 VID_PRES Sync Separator Ref Figure 1. MC44C401 Block Diagram MOTOROLA MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Block Diagrams 0.1µF 0.1µF 0.1µF 0.1µF Vin 3.3 V REG 22µH 1µF 1µF 3.3V 47Ω 47Ω Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 1K 1µF 510Ω 11 DOLMRP 13 100K 560Ω 10 MC44C401 1µF 27 XTALOUT 28 XTALIN 19 DVSS 18 DVSS 24 DVSS 20 DVSS DACVSS DVSS 26 1M 470pF CVBS 8 ADCVSS 0.1µF 16 V 1 NC 23 CLK4MHZ 22 SSVSS CVBS IN Composite To Modulator 1000pF 2200pF DOLPRM 14 VREFM 32 5 0.1µF 0.1µF VREFP 1µF 1.2K DOLPRP 15 4 560µH V DOLMRM 12 VINLM 3 VINRM 6 VAGO 1K VID_PRES To Modulator VID_PRES 17 VINRP 1µF 100K DACVDD OVDD 25 ADCVDD 7 29 31 SSVDD VINLP DVDD 21 V 2 V IN 9 APLLVSS 1µF LEFT IN RIGHT APLLVDD 30 1µF 4MHz To Modulator 12MHz 15pF 2M 15pF Analog Ground Digital Ground Figure 2. MC44C401 Recommended Usage 4 MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. I/O Description 4 I/O Description 4.1 Signal List The Stereo Modulator I/O signals are described in Table 1. Table 1. MC44C401 Signal Descriptions Signal Pin # Description Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Analog VINLP 9 Left channel input voltage plus VINLM 10 Left channel input voltage minus VREFP 4 Left & Right ADC ref. input voltage plus VAGO 6 Left & Right ADC analog virtual ground VREFM 5 Left Right ADC ref. input voltage minus VINRP 2 Right channel input voltage plus VINRM 3 Right channel input voltage minus CVBS 1 Composite video input Digital DOLPRP 15 Left+Right channel output voltage plus DOLPRM 14 Left+Right channel output voltage minus DOLMRP 13 Left-Right channel output voltage plus DOLMRM 12 Left-Right channel output voltage minus VID_PRES 17 Video present flag, 0 = no video, hi-z = video present NC 23 NC Clocks XTALIN 28 Crystal input XTALOUT 27 Crystal output CLK4MHZ 22 4 MHz clock for Audio/Video modulator IC Power Supply MOTOROLA APLLVDD 30 APLL analog supply voltage, 1.8 V APLLVSS 29 APLL analog ground SSVDD 31 Sync Separator analog supply voltage, 3.3 V MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 5 Electrical Specifications Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 1. MC44C401 Signal Descriptions (Continued) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Signal Pin # Description SSVSS 32 Sync Separator analog ground ADCVDD 7 ADC analog supply voltage, 3.3 V ADCVSS 8 ADC analog ground DACVDD 11 DAC I/O supply voltage, 3.3 V DACVSS 16 DAC I/O ground DVDD 21 Digital Logic supply voltage, 1.8 V DVSS 18, 19, 20, 24, 26 Digital Logic/I/O ground OVDD 25 I/O supply voltage, 3.3 V 5 Electrical Specifications 5.1 DC Characteristics Table 1. MC44C401 DC Characteristics (Preliminary) PIN 6 Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit DVDD — 1.8 V Digital Logic 1.62 1.80 1.98 V DVDD — 1.8 V Digital Logic — 18.0 22.0 mA OVDD — 3.3 V Digital Output 2.97 3.30 3.63 V OVDD — 3.3 V Digital Output — 2.0 8.0 mA DACVDD — 3.3 V DAC Supply 2.97 3.30 3.63 V DACVDD — 3.3 V DAC Supply 7.0 9.0 mA ADCVDD — 3.3 V ADC Supply 2.97 3.30 3.63 V ADCVDD — 3.3 V ADC Supply — 7.0 9.0 mA SSVDD — 3.3 V Sync. Sep Supply 2.97 3.3 3.63 V SSVDD — 3.3 V Sync. Sep Supply — 2.0 — mA APLLVDD — 1.8 V APLL Supply 1.62 1.8 1.98 V APLLVDD — 1.8 V APLL Supply — 3.0 — mA VREFP — Voltage Ref. Bypass plus — 2.0 — V VREFM — Voltage Ref. Bypass minus — 1.0 — V MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.Electrical Specifications Table 1. MC44C401 DC Characteristics (Preliminary) (Continued) PIN Symbol Min Typ Max Unit — 1.5 — V VAGO — Voltage Ref. Ground VINXX Vil Signal Input VREFM VREFP V VINXX Vih Signal Input VREFM VREFP V CVBS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Parameter Video input (See Figure 2) — 1 — Vpp CLK4MHZ Vol 4 MHz Clock Output @ I =.6 mA 2.97 — — V CLK4MHZ Voh 4 MHz Clock Output @ I =.6 mA — — 3.63 V DOLPRP Vol a Output Left-plus-Right plus — 2.2 — Vpp DOLPRP Voh b Output Left-plus-Right plus — 2.2 — Vpp Max Unit 1.0 Vpp a. b. Vol is measured at Iload= 6 mA (see test circuit Figure 2) Voh is measured at Iload= 6 mA (see test circuit Figure 2) 5.2 AC Characteristics Table 1. MC44C401 AC Characteristics (Preliminary) (See Figure 2) SIGNALS Parameter a Symbol Min Typ LEFT/RIGHT IN — Input Level — LEFT/RIGHT IN — Input Impedance — 22 — kΩ COMPOSITE — Composite Output Level b v 2.2 — Vpp COMPOSITE — Mono SNR c 65 75 — dB COMPOSITE — Stereo SNR c 55 65 — dB COMPOSITE — THD 0.1 0.3 % COMPOSITE — -1 db Bandwidth 20 — 14000 Hz CVBS IN — Video Level 0.5 — 2.0 Vpp CVBS Zin Video Input Impedance — 1000 v Ω — — Stereo Separation 500Hz–5KHz 25 35 — dB — — Stereo Separation 100Hz–10KHz 20 30 — dB a. b. c. See Figure 2 for test setup Test conditions 1 kHz 0 dB Measured in 20 Hz to 13.5 kHz bandwidth MOTOROLA MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 7 Package Data Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 6 Package Data 6.1 MC44C401 Package Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... OVDD DVSS XTALOUT XTALIN APLLVSS APLLVDD SSVDD SSVSS The MC44C401 pin-outs (32TQFP package) are shown in Figure 3. ORIENTATION MARK CVBS DVSS 25 VINRP NC PIN 1 VINRM CLK4MHZ Motorola MC44C401 VREFP DVDD VREFM DVSS VAGO DVSS ADCVDD DVSS 17 9 ADCVSS DACVSS DOLPRP DOLPRM DOLMRP DOLMRM DACVDD VINLM VINLP VID_PRES Figure 3. MC44C401 32TQFP Package 8 MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Package Data 6.2 Mechanical Data 1. 2. 3. 4. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5. 6. 7. 8. NOTES: DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. DATUM PLANE A, B AND D TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE H. DIMENSIONS D AND E TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE C. DIMENSIONS b DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL NOT CAUSE THE LEAD WIDTH TO EXCEED THE MAXIMUM b DIMENSION BY MORE THEN 0.08 MM. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OR THE FOOT. MINIMUM SPACE BETWEEN PROTRUSION AND ADJACENT LEAD OR PROTURSION: 0.07 MM. DIMENSIONS D1 AND E1 DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25 MM PER SIDE. D1 AND E1 ARE MAXIMUM PLASTIC BODY SIZE DIMENSIONS INCLUDING MOLD MISMATCH. EXACT SHAPE OF EACH CORNER IS OPTIONAL. THESE DIMENSIONS APPLY TO THE FLAT SECTION OF THE LEAD BETWEEN 0.1 MM AND 0.25 MM FROM THE LEAD TIP. DIM A A1 A2 b b1 c c1 D D1 e E E1 L L1 O O1 R1 R2 S MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 1.40 1.60 0.15 0.05 1.45 1.35 0.45 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.09 0.20 0.09 0.16 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.80 BSC 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.50 0.70 1.00 REF × 0 7× 12 × REF 0.08 0.20 0.08 — 0.20 REF Figure 4. Package Mechanical Information MOTOROLA MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 9 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Functional Description 7 Functional Description The following sections provide brief descriptions of the MC44C401 modules. 7.1 Phase Locked Loop (APLL) The APLL locks to the reference frequency of 12 MHz and generates the master clock. MC44C401 384 MHz APLL VCO Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Ref Clk Clock Generator ÷ Oscillator XTALIN XTALOUT 12MHz 2M 15pF 15pF Figure 5. APLL and Clock Generator 7.2 Sync Separator The Sync Separator, shown in Figure 6, extracts the composite sync from the incoming composite video signal. The composite sync is used by the Audio Processor to generate the 15.734 kHz pilot tone and the 31.468 kHz carrier to modulate the Left-Right channel. The nominal output level of composite video signal sources is 1 Vpp on 75 Ω and the sync amplitude is 0.3 V. MC44C401 CVBS IN CVBS Sync Separator 1K 470pF 0.1µF 1M Audio Processor Figure 6. Sync Separator 10 MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Calibration 8 Calibration The following sections show methods for setting various output levels for optimum system performance. 8.1 Modulator Sensitivity Composite Video Audio Precision SYS2 Left In Audio Generator Stereo Encoder Right In DOLPRP Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Audio Spectrum Analyzer 470 1.2K Audio Analyzer DOLMRP 500 LPF Disconnect Stereo Encoder, Inject 10395Hz here, Adjust level for Bessel null on spectrum Analyzer Measure Bessel Null Here Modulator Measure Level With Audio Spectrum Analyzer Here Spectrum Analyzer Precision Receiver TEK TV1350 Precision MTS Decoder Wide Band Output Modulation Sciences SRD1 Cross Check that Deviation Meter reads 25KHz Deviation Measure Modulator Sensitivity Figure 7. Measuring Modulator Sensitivity MOTOROLA MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 11 Calibration Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 8.2 Setting Output Levels Inject 300Hz 995Mv signal on Both Channels Composite Video Audio Precision SYS2 Stereo Encoder Left In Audio Generator Right In Audio Spectrum Analyzer DOLPRP 470 1.2K Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Audio Analyzer DOLMRP 500 Measure 300Hz Level on Spectrum with Both Channels Driven, Must Equal level measured from Bessel null Calibration LPF Adjust to Achieve same level as 25 KHz deviation calibration as measured on Audio Spectrum Modulator Spectrum Analyzer Precision Receiver TEK TV1350 Precision MTS Decoder This will indicate more than 25KHz deviation due to Pilot adding to total signal Wide Band Output Modulation Sciences SRD1 Set Output Level Figure 8. Setting Output Levels 12 MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Calibration 8.3 Setting Sum/Difference Channels Inject 1000Hz 995Mv signal on One Channel Composite Video Audio Precision SYS2 Left In Audio Generator Stereo Encoder Right In Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Audio Spectrum Analyzer DOLPRP 470 1.2K Audio Analyzer DOLMRP 500 LPF Adjust to Optimize stereo Separation measured on audio analyzer Modulator Spectrum Analyzer Precision Receiver TEK TV1350 Precision MTS Decoder Wide Band Output Modulation Sciences SRD1 This will indicate more than 35KHz deviation due to Pilot and Difference signals adding to total Set Sum/Difference Channel Balance Figure 9. Setting Sum/Difference Channel Balance MOTOROLA MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 13 Calibration Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 14 MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Calibration Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK MOTOROLA MC44C401 Technical Data For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 15 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. HOW TO REACH US: Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use Motorola products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to USA/EUROPE/LOCATIONS NOT LISTED: design or fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217 1-303-675-2140 or 1-800-441-2447 document. 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