Supercapacitors FG Series Overview Applications FG Series Supercapacitors, also known as Electric DoubleLayer Capacitors (EDLCs), are intended for high energy storage applications. Supercapacitors have characteristics ranging from traditional capacitors and batteries. As a result, supercapacitors can be used like a secondary battery when applied in a DC circuit. These devices are best suited for use in low voltage DC hold-up applications such as embedded microprocessor systems with flash memory. Benefits • Wide range of temperature from -25°C to +70°C (FG & FGH types) and -40°C to +85°C (FGR type) • Maintenance free • 3.5 VDC and 5.5 VDC • Highly reliable against liquid leakage • Lead-free and RoHS Compliant Part Number System FG 0H 104 Series Maximum Operating Voltage Capacitance Code (F) FG FGH FGR 0V = 3.5 VDC 0H = 5.5 VDC First two digits represent significant figures. Third digit specifies number of zeros. Z Capacitance Tolerance Z = -20/+80% © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com F Environmental F = Lead-free One world. One KEMET S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 1 Supercapacitors – FG Series Dimensions – Millimeters － ○ 0.3 Minimum H Maximum Sleeve ℓ Minimum ø D ± 0.5 ＋ ○ P ± 0.5 d1 ± 0.1 d2 ± 0.1 (Terminal) Part Number øD H P ℓ d1 d2 FG0H103ZF FG0H223ZF FG0H473ZF FG0H104ZF FG0H224ZF FG0H474ZF FG0H105ZF FG0H225ZF FG0H475ZF FG0V155ZF FGH0H104ZF FGH0H224ZF FGH0H474ZF FGH0H105ZF FGH0V474ZF FGR0H474ZF 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 13.0 14.5 16.5 21.5 28.5 16.5 11.0 11.0 16.5 21.5 13.0 14.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 6.5 9.0 18.0 19.0 19.0 22.0 14.0 5.5 7.0 8.0 9.5 7.5 18.0 5.08 5.08 5.08 5.08 5.08 5.08 5.08 7.62 10.16 5.08 5.08 5.08 5.08 7.62 5.08 5.08 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.0 6.1 3.1 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 FGR0H105ZF FGR0H225ZF 16.5 21.5 19.0 19.0 5.08 7.62 2.7 3.0 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.2 © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 2 Supercapacitors – FG Series Performance Characteristics Supercapacitors should not be used for applications such as ripple absorption because of their high internal resistance (several hundred mΩ to a hundred Ω) compared to aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Thus, its main use would be similar to that of secondary battery such as power back-up in DC circuit. The following list shows the characteristics of supercapacitors as compared to aluminum electrolytic capacitors for power back-up and secondary batteries. Secondary Battery Capacitor NiCd Lithium Ion Aluminum Electrolytic Supercapacitor – – – – Cd – – – -20 to +60ºC -20 to +50ºC -55 to +105ºC -40 to +85ºC (FR, FT) few hours few hours few seconds few seconds approximately 500 times approximately 500 to 1,000 times limitless (*1) limitless (*1) yes yes none none Flow Soldering not applicable not applicable applicable applicable Automatic Mounting not applicable not applicable applicable applicable (FM and FC series) leakage, explosion leakage, combustion, explosion, ignition heat-up, explosion gas emission (*2) Back-up ability Eco-hazard Operating Temperature Range Charge Time Charge/Discharge Life Time Restrictions on Charge/Discharge Safety Risks (*1) Aluminum electrolytic capacitors and supercapacitors have limited lifetime. However, when used under proper conditions, both can operate within a predetermined lifetime. (*2) There is no harm as it is a mere leak of water vapor which transitioned from water contained in the electrolyte (diluted sulfuric acid). However, application of abnormal voltage surge exceeding maximum operating voltage may result in leakage and explosion. Typical Applications Intended Use (Guideline) Power Supply (Guideline) Long time back-up 500 μA and below Application Examples of Equipment Series CMOS microcomputer, IC for clocks CMOS microcomputer, static RAM/DTS (digital tuning system) FG series Environmental Compliance All KEMET supercapacitors are RoHS Compliant. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 3 Supercapacitors – FG Series Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference Part Number Maximum Operating Voltage (VDC) Nominal Capacitance Maximum ESR Charge Discharge @ 1 kHz (Ω) System (F) System (F) Voltage Holding Maximum Current @ 30 Characteristic Minutes (mA) Minimum (V) Weight (g) FG0V155ZF 3.5 1.5 2.2 65 1.5 — 5.2 FG0H103ZF 5.5 0.010 0.013 300 0.015 4.2 0.9 FG0H223ZF 5.5 0.022 0.028 200 0.033 4.2 1.0 FG0H473ZF FG0H104ZF 5.5 0.047 0.060 200 0.071 4.2 1.0 5.5 0.10 0.13 100 0.15 4.2 1.3 FGH0H104ZF 5.5 — 0.10 100 0.15 4.2 1.0 FG0H224ZF 5.5 0.22 0.28 100 0.33 4.2 2.5 FGH0H224ZF FGH0H105ZF 5.5 — 0.22 100 0.33 4.2 1.3 5.5 0.47 1.0 35 1.5 4.2 7.2 FGH0H474ZF FGH0V474ZF 5.5 — 0.47 65 0.71 4.2 4.1 3.5 — 0.47 25 0.42 — 2.6 FG0H474ZF 5.5 0.47 0.60 120 0.71 4.2 5.1 FGR0H474ZF FG0H105ZF 5.5 0.47 0.60 120 0.71 4.2 5.1 5.5 1.0 1.3 65 1.5 4.2 7.0 FGR0H105ZF 5.5 1.0 1.3 65 1.5 4.2 7.0 FG0H225ZF 5.5 2.2 2.8 35 3.3 4.2 12.1 FGR0H225ZF 5.5 2.2 2.8 35 3.3 4.2 12.1 FG0H475ZF 5.5 4.7 6.0 35 7.1 4.2 27.3 Part numbers in bold type represent popularly purchased components. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 4 Supercapacitors – FG Series Specifications Item FG, FGH Type FGR Type Category Temperature Range -25ºC to +70ºC -40ºC to +85ºC Maximum Operating Voltage 5.5 VDC, 3.5 VDC 5.5 VDC Test Conditions (conforming to JIS C 5160-1) Capacitance Refer to Table 1 Refer to Table 1 Refer to “Measurement Conditions” Capacitance Allowance +80%, -20% +80%, -20% Refer to “Measurement Conditions” ESR Refer to Table 1 Refer to Table 1 Measured at 1 kHz, 10 mA; See also “Measurement Conditions” Current (30 minutes value) Refer to Table 1 Refer to Table 1 Refer to “Measurement Conditions” Capacitance > 90% of initial ratings > 90% of initial ratings ESR ≤ 120% of initial ratings ≤ 120% of initial ratings Current (30 minutes value) ≤ 120% of initial ratings ≤ 120% of initial ratings Surge voltage: Charge: Discharge: Number of cycles: Series resistance: Surge Appearance No obvious abnormality Capacitance Phase 2 ESR Capacitance ESR Characteristics in Different Temperature Current (30 minutes value) Current (30 minutes value) Phase 2 ≥ 50% of initial value Phase 3 ≥ 30% of initial value Phase 5 Satisfy initial ratings ≤ 1.5 CV (mA) Phase 5 Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings ≤ 700% of initial value Satisfy initial ratings Vibration Resistance Current (30 minutes value) Appearance Solderability Phase 6: +25 ±2ºC -25 ±2ºC -40 ±2ºC (FGR) +25 ±2ºC +70 ±2ºC (FG, FGH) +85 ±2ºC (FGR) +25 ±2ºC ≤ 1.5 CV (mA) Phase 6 Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings Capacitance ESR Conforms to 4.17 Phase 1: Phase 2: Phase 3: Phase 4: Phase 5: 0Ω 70 ±2ºC (FG, FGH) 85 ±2ºC (FGR) Within ±20% of initial value Within ±20% of initial value Phase 6 ≤ 400% of initial value ≤ 200% of initial value ≤ 200% of initial value Capacitance ESR ≤ 400% of initial value Phase 3 Capacitance ESR ≥ 50% of initial value No obvious abnormality Discharge resistance: Temperature: 6.3 V (5.5 V type) 4.0 V (3.5 V type) 30 seconds 9 minutes 30 seconds 1,000 0.010 F 1500 Ω 0.022 F 560 Ω 0.047 F 300 Ω 0.10 F 150 Ω 0.22 F 56 Ω 0.47 F 30 Ω 1.0 F, 1.5 F 15 Ω 2.2 F, 4.7 F 10 Ω Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Over 3/4 of the terminal should be covered by the new solder Over 3/4 of the terminal should be covered by the new solder Conforms to 4.13 Frequency: Testing Time: 10 to 55 Hz 6 hours Conforms to 4.11 Solder temp: Dipping time: +245 ±5ºC 5 ±0.5 seconds 1.6 mm from the bottom should be dipped. Capacitance Solder Heat Resistance ESR Current (30 minutes value) Appearance Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings Conforms to 4.10 Solder temp: Dipping time: No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality 1.6 mm from the bottom should be dipped. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com +260 ±10ºC 10 ±1 seconds S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 5 Supercapacitors – FG Series Specifications cont’d Item FG, FGH Type FGR Type Capacitance Temperature Cycle High Temperature and High Humidity Resistance High Temperature Load ESR Test Conditions (conforming to JIS C 5160-1) Conforms to 4.12 Temperature Condition: Satisfy initial ratings Satisfy initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Capacitance Within ±20% of initial value Within ±20% of initial value ESR ≤ 120% of initial ratings ≤ 120% of initial ratings Current (30 minutes value) ≤ 120% of initial ratings ≤ 120% of initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Capacitance Within ±30% of initial value Within ±30% of initial value ESR < 200% of initial ratings < 200% of initial ratings Voltage applied: Current (30 minutes value) < 200% of initial ratings < 200% of initial ratings Appearance No obvious abnormality No obvious abnormality Series protection resistance: Testing time: Current (30 minutes value) Number of cycles: Conforms to 4.14 Temperature: Relative humidity: Testing time: Conforms to 4.15 Temperature: Charging condition Voltage applied: Self Discharge Characteristics (Voltage Holding Characteristics) 5.5 V type: Voltage between terminal leads > 4.2 V 3.5 V type: Not specified Voltage between terminal leads > 4.2 V Series resistance: Charging time: Minimum temperature→ Room temperature→ Category maximum temperature→ Room temperature 5 cycles +40 ±2ºC 90 to 95% RH 240 ±8 hours Category maximum temperature ±2ºC Maximum operating voltage 0Ω 1,000 +48 (+48/-0) hours 5.0 VDC (Terminal at the case side must be negative) 0Ω 24 hours Storage Let stand for 24 hours in condition described below with terminals opened. Ambient temperature: Relative humidity: < 25ºC < 70% RH Marking Date code Serial number A1 001 A1 Super Capacitor FG 5.5 V 0.22 F FG 5.5 V 0.22 F Maximum operating voltage Nominal capacitance Negative polarity identification mark © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 6 Supercapacitors – FG Series Packaging Quantities Part Number Bulk Quantity per Box FG0H103ZF FG0H223ZF FG0H473ZF FG0H104ZF FG0H224ZF FG0H474ZF FG0H105ZF FG0H225ZF FG0H475ZF FG0V155ZF FGH0H104ZF 2,000 pieces 2,000 pieces 2,000 pieces 1,600 pieces 800 pieces 300 pieces 240 pieces 90 pieces 50 pieces 160 pieces 2,000 pieces FGH0H224ZF FGH0H474ZF FGH0H105ZF FGH0V474ZF FGR0H474ZF FGR0H105ZF FGR0H225ZF 1,600 pieces 600 pieces 90 pieces 800 pieces 300 pieces 240 pieces 90 pieces List of Plating & Sleeve Type By changing the solder plating from leaded solder to lead-free solder and the outer tube material of can-cased conventional supercapacitor from polyvinyl chloride to polyethylene terephthalate (PET), our supercapacitor is now even friendlier to the environment. a. Iron + copper base + lead-free solder plating (Sn-1Cu) b. SUS nickel base + copper base + reflow lead-free solder plating (100% Sn, reflow processed) Series FG Part Number Plating Sleeve FG0H103ZF FG0H223ZF FG0H473ZF FG0H104ZF FG0H224ZF FG0H474ZF FG0H105ZF b b b b a a a PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) FG0H225ZF FG0H475ZF FG0V155ZF a a a PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) FGH0H104ZF FGH0H224ZF FGH0H474ZF FGH0H105ZF FGH0V474ZF All FGR Types b b a a a a PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) PET (Blue) © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com Recommended Pb-free solder : Sn / 3.5Ag / 0.75Cu Sn / 3.0Ag / 0.5Cu Sn / 0.7Cu Sn / 2.5Ag / 1.0Bi / 0.5Cu S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 7 Supercapacitors – FG Series Measurement Conditions Capacitance (Charge System) Capacitance is calculated from expression (9) by measuring the charge time constant (τ) of the capacitor (C). Prior to measurement, the capacitor is discharged by shorting both pins of the device for at least 30 minutes. In addition, use the polarity indicator on the device to determine correct orientation of capacitor for charging. Capacitance: C = τ Rc Eo: (F) (9) 3.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 3.5 V 5.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 5.5 V 6.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 6.5 V 10.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 11 V 12.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 12 V Time from start of charging until Vc becomes 0.632 Eo (V) (seconds) See table below (Ω). Switch Eo Rc C + – Charge Resistor Selection Guide τ: Rc: Vc 0.010 F 0.022 F 0.033 F 0.047 F 0.10 F FYD FY FYH FYL – – – – – 5000 Ω – 1000 Ω – 1000 Ω 2000 Ω 2000 Ω 2000 Ω 2000 Ω – – – – – – – 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 2000 Ω 1000 Ω 2000 Ω 1000 Ω 510 Ω 510 Ω 510 Ω 1000 Ω 510 Ω – 1000 Ω 0.22 F 200 Ω 200 Ω 200 Ω 510 Ω 510 Ω – 0.33 F 0.47 F 1.0 F 1.4 F 1.5 F 2.2 F 2.7 F 3.3 F 4.7 F 5.0 F 5.6 F 10.0 F 22.0 F 50.0 F 100.0 F 200.0 F – – – – – 100 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω 200 Ω 200 Ω 51 Ω 51 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω – – – 200 Ω – – 51 Ω – – – – – – 100 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 100 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Cap FA FE FS FR FM, FME FMR, FML FMC FG FGR 5000 Ω – 5000 Ω 2000 Ω – 2000 Ω Discharge – – 2000 Ω 1000 Ω 2000 Ω 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 0H: Discharge 510 Ω – 1000 Ω 0V: 1000 Ω – – Discharge – 200 Ω – – 1000 Ω 100 Ω – – 510 Ω – – – – – – – 510 Ω – – – 200 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – 100 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – FGH FT FC, FCS HV – – – – – – – – Discharge 510 Ω – Discharge – – Discharge – – – – – Discharge 200 Ω Discharge – – – Discharge 100 Ω Discharge 100 Ω – – – – – 51 Ω – – – 51 Ω – – – – – 20 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – Discharge Discharge – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Discharge – – – Discharge – Discharge – – Discharge Discharge Discharge Discharge Discharge *Capacitance values according to the constant current discharge method. *HV Series capacitance is measured by discharge system © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 8 3.3F 4.7F 5.0F 5.6F – – – – – – – – – – 100 Ω – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – *Capacitance values according to the constant current discharge method. *HV series capacitance is measured by discharge system. Supercapacitors – FG Series Table 3 Capacitance measurement – 100 Ω – – 51 Ω – – 20 Ω – – – – – – – – Measurement Conditions cont’d Capacitance (Discharge System) In Capacitance the (Discharge diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes, once the voltage of the condensor terminal Capacitance System) (Discharge System:3.5V) reaches 5.5 V. As shown in the below, charging is performed for aforduration of 30 onceonce the voltage of the terminal reaches In diagram the diagram below, charging is performed a duration of minutes 30 minutes, the voltage of capacitor the capacitor terminal reaches 3.5V. Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 3.0 to 2.5 V upon 5.5 V. Then, use a constant load deviceload and device measure themeasure time for the to drop voltage from 3.0 to to drop 2.5 V from upon 1.8 discharge Then, use a current constant current and theterminal time forvoltage the terminal to 1.5V upon discharge at 0.22 mA F, for example, calculate the static capacitance according to thebelow. equation shown below. at 0.22 mA perdischarge 0.22 F, forat example, calculate the and static capacitance according to the equation shown 1 for mA0.22 perand 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. Note: TheNote: currentThe valuecurrent is 1 mA value discharged F. is 1 per mA1discharged per 1F. I×(T2－T1)I×(T2－T1) C＝ (F) Capactance：C＝ V1－V2 V1－V2 (F) 3.5V 5.5V V (V) SW 0.22mA(I) A A C R C V R 3.5V 5.5V V1 V1 V2 Voltage SW V2 V1 : 1.8V V1 : 3.0V V2 : 1.5V V1 : 2.5V 30 min. T2 T1 Duration (sec.) T1 Time T2 (sec.) 30 minutes Capacitance (Discharge System:3.5V) Capacitance (Discharge Capacitance (Discharge System – 3.5 V) System:3.5V) Capacitance (Discharge System:3.5V) Capacitance (Discharge System:3.5V) 36 Super Capacitors (Discharge Vol.13 System:3.5V) Capacitance System:HVseries) In the diagram below, charging is performed for duration of 30 voltage of capacitor terminal In diagram the diagram below, charging is performed a duration of minutes 30 minutes, once theonce voltage of the capacitor terminal reaches reaches 3.5V. As shown in the below, charging is performed afor duration the voltage ofthe the capacitor terminal reaches In the diagram below, charging isfor performed forofa a30 duration of once 30 minutes, minutes, once the voltage of the the capacitor terminal reaches In the below, charging is performed for a of 30 minutes, once the voltage of capacitor terminal reaches 3.5V. the diagram diagram below, charging iscurrent for a duration duration of 30 minutes, once the the voltage of the the capacitor terminal reaches 3.5V. In diagram below, charging isperformed performed for ameasure duration of 30 minutes, once the voltage ofvoltage the capacitor terminal reaches Then, use a constant load device and measure the time for terminal to drop from 1.8 to 1.5V Then, use a constant current load device and the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 1.8 to 1.5V upon 3.5 V. Then, use a constant current devicecurrent and device measure themeasure time formeasure the terminal voltage to the dropterminal from 1.8voltage to 1.5 V to upon discharge Then, use a load constant load and device and the time for drop from 1.8 to 1.5V Then, use a constant current load the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 1.8 to 1.5V upon Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 1.8 to 1.5V upon Max. operating voltage. discharge at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. discharge at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. at 1.0 mA per 1.0 F, for example, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. discharge at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. discharge at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. discharge atconstant 1 mA percurrent 1F, and calculate capacitance according to the equation shown below. Then, use a load device the andstatic measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 2.0 to 1.5V upon discharge (V) (V) (V) below. (V) shown at 1 mA per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation (V) SW I×(T I×(T2－T 1) 2－T －T11)) I×(T 2－T 1) 2(F) C＝ C＝ I×(T I×(T 2－T1) C＝ C＝ (F) －V V 1 2 －V V 1 2 V －V C＝ V 2 ) 1 (F)2 I×(T 2－T －V V11－V 21 C＝ (F) V1－V2 SW SW SW (F) (F)3.5V 3.5V 3.5V 3.5V V 3.5V V V 3.5V V SW CV CV C SW A A A A A A C R C R R C 3.5V 3.5V (V) 3.5V V1 V1 V21 3.5V V R V2 R V V12 3.5V 3.5V V1 V1 V2 V2 V2 R V2 : 1.5V T2 T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 minutes 30 minutes 30 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes T2 T1 Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) V1 : 1.8V V1 : 1.8V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V V1 : 1.8V V1 : 1.8V V1 : 1.8V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V 1.5V V12 : 2.0V Time (sec.) 1 T2 TTime (sec.) Time (sec.) 1 T2 TTime (sec.) Time (sec.) Time (sec.) Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) Capacitance (Discharge System:HVseries) Capacitance (Discharge System – HV Series) In the diagram below, charging is for of the voltage of In the diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes, once theonce voltage the capacitor terminalterminal reachesre In the diagram below, charging is performed performed for a a duration duration of 30 30 minutes, minutes, once the of voltage of the the capacitor capacitor terminal re In the diagram below, charging is for of once the of terminal series resistance (ESR) As shownEquivalent in the diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes once the voltage of the capacitor terminal reaches In theoperating diagram below, charging is performed performed for a a duration duration of 30 30 minutes, minutes, once the voltage voltage of the the capacitor capacitor terminal reaches reaches Max. operating voltage. Max. voltage. Max. operating voltage. Max. operating voltage. maximum operating voltage. Then, use a constant current load device andtime measure thefor time for the terminal tofrom drop fromto2.0 to upon disc Max. operating voltage. ESR beconstant calculated from the equation below. Then, use current load device and the time voltage to 2.0 Then,shall use a current load device measure the for the voltage to dropvoltage from 2.0 to 1.5V discharge Then, use a a constant constant current loadand device and measure measure the timeterminal for the the terminal terminal voltage to drop drop from 2.0 upon to 1.5V 1.5V upon disc Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 2.0 to 1.5V upon discharge Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop from 2.0 to 1.5V upon discharge 1.5 V upon discharge at 1.0 mA per 1.0 F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equation shown below. at 11F, mAand per calculate 1F, and calculate static capacitance according to the equation shown below. at 1 mA per the staticthe capacitance according to the equation shown below. 30 minutes at 1 mAand per 1F, and calculate the static capacitance according to the equationbelow. shown below. at according at 1 1 mA mA per per 1F, 1F, and calculate calculate the the static static capacitance capacitance according to to the the equation equation shown shown below. 10mA (V) (V) VC (V) (V) ESR＝ (Ω) (V) SWVC f:1kHz C SW 3.5V SW 3.5V V1 : 2.0V 0.01 SW 3.5V A A 3.5V SW I×(T I×(T2－T 1) 2－T －T11)) (F) I×(T 2－T 1) 2(F) C＝ C＝ I×(T I×(T 2－T1) C＝ (F)3.5V C＝ (F) 1－V V1－V2 V 3.5V C＝ (F)22 3.5V V 1－V2 V1－V V 1－V2 Current (at 30 minutes after A A A 3.5V V 3.5V V V CV CV C charging) C R C R R 3.5V V1 V1 V21 V R V2 R V2 V1 V1 V2 V2 V1 : 2.0V V1 : 2.0V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V T1 V1 : 2.0V V1 : 2.0V V2 : 1.5V V2 : 1.5V T2 Time (sec.) (sec.) T2 TTime T1 Time (sec.) 1 T2 Current shall be calculated from the equation below. Time (sec.) T2 T1 Time (sec.) T2 T1 minutes 30 minutes 30 30 minutes 30 minutes Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for a minimum of 30 minutes. 30 minutes Equivalent series resistance (ESR) The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power supply. Equivalent series resistance (ESR) Equivalent series resistance (ESR) Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) Equivalent Equivalent series series resistance resistance (ESR) (ESR) ESR be the ESR shall be shall calculated from thefrom equation below. below. ESR shall be calculated from the equation below. ESR be calculated calculated the equation equation ESR shall be shall calculated from thefrom equation below. below. ESR 2.5Vdc shall be(HVseries calculated50F) from the equation below. Eo： VR 2.7Vdc (HVseries except 50F) SW 10mA 10mA 10mA 10mA C VC(3.5V V 3.0Vdc type) V 10mA C V C (Ω) f:1kHz f:1kHz C C ESR＝ ESR＝ VC VC (Ω) V ESR＝ f:1kHz C C VC RCCC ESR＝ (Ω) 0.01 V 0.01(5.5V 5.0Vdc type)(Ω) f:1kHz ESR＝ (Ω) 0.01 f:1kHz C V C 0.01 ＋ E O 0.01 Rc：1000Ω (0.010F, 0.022F, 0.047F) C － 100Ω (0.10F, 0.22F, 0.47F) 10Ω (1.0F, 1.5F, 2.2F, 4.7F) Current (at 30 after Current (at 30 minutes after charging) Current (at 30 minutes minutes after charging) charging) Current (at 30 minutes after charging) 2.2Ω (HVseries) Current (at 30 minutes after charging) shall be calculated from the Current Current shall be calculated from the equation below. below. Current be calculated from the equation equation below. Current shall be calculated from the equation below. R shall Current shallVto be calculated from the equation below. Prior measurement, both lead terminals be for of minutes. Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must bemust short-circuited for a minimum of 30 minutes. Current＝ (A) Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited short-circuited for a a minimum minimum of 30 30 S6013_FG minutes. • 7/10/2014 Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for a minimum of minutes. R•CP.O. Box 5928 © KEMET Electronics Corporation • lead Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com Prior to measurement, both terminals must be short-circuited for a negative minimum of 30 30 minutes. The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the side of the power The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of thesupply. power supply. supply. The The lead lead terminal terminal connected connected to to the the metal metal can can case case is is connected connected to to the the negative negative side side of of the the power power supply. supply. Self-discharge characteristic (0H: 5.5V products) Eo：(HVseries 2.5Vdc (HVseries Eo：2.5Vdc 50F) 50F) Eo：(HVseries 2.5Vdc (HVseries Eo：2.5Vdc 50F) 50F) 9 ESR shall be calculated from the equation below. Supercapacitors – FG Series ESR＝ Current (at 30 minutes after charging) 10mA VC Current shall be calculated C from the equation below. (Ω) f:1kHz VC 0.01 Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for a minimum of 30 minute The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the po Measurement Conditions cont’d 2.5Vdc (HVseries 50F) Current (at 30Eo： minutes after charging) VR 2.7Vdc (HVseries except 50F) SW Current shall be calculated from the equation below. Current (at 30 minutes after charging) 3.0Vdc (3.5V type) Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for a minimum offor 30aminutes. Current shall be calculated from the equation below. Prior to measurement, minimum R 5.0Vdc (5.5V type) both lead terminals must be short-circuited The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power ＋ supply. E of 30 minutes. The lead terminal connected to theRc： metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power supply. 1000Ω (0.010F, 0.022F, 0.047F) C C O － 100Ω (0.10F, 0.22F, 0.47F) 50F) Eo: 2.5 VDC (HV Series 50 F) Eo：2.5Vdc (HVseries 10Ω (1.0F, 1.5F, 2.2F, 4.7F) VR SW 2.7 VDC (HV Series except 50 F) 2.7Vdc (HVseries except 50F) 2.2Ω (HVseries) 3.0 VDC (3.5 V type) 3.0Vdc (3.5V type) VR 5.0 VDC (5.5 V type) RC 5.0Vdc (5.5V type) Current＝ (A) ＋ EO Rc: 1000 Ω (0.010 F, 0.022 F, 0.047 F) R C Rc：1000Ω (0.010F, 0.022F, 0.047F) C 100 Ω (0.10 F, 0.22 F, 0.47 F) － 100Ω (0.10F, 0.22F, 0.47F) 10 Ω (1.0 F, 1.5 F, 2.2 F, 4.7 F) Self-discharge 10Ω (1.0F, 1.5F, 2.2F, 4.7F)characteristic (0H: 5.5V products) 2.2 Ω (HV Series) 2.2Ω (HVseries) The self-discharge characteristic is measured by charging a voltage of 5.0 Vdc (charge protec V Rto the capacitor polarity for 24 hours, then releasing between the pins for 24 hours and measu Self-Discharge Characteristic (0H – 5.5 V Products) Current＝ (A) test should be carried out in an environment with an ambient temperature of 25℃ or belo RCThe The self-discharge characteristic is measured by charging a voltage of 5.0 VDC (charge protection resistance: 0 Ω) according to the RH or below. capacitor polarity for 24 hours, then releasing between the pins for 24 hours and measuring the pin-to-pin voltage. The test should be characteristic (0H:and 5.5V products) carried out in an environmentSelf-discharge with an ambient temperature of 25° C or below relative humidity of 70% RH or below. Su the soldering is checked. The self-discharge characteristic is measured by charging a voltage of 5.0 Vdc (charge protection resistance to the capacitor polarity for 24 hours, then releasing between the pins for 24 hours and measuring the pin-toThe test should be carried out in an environment with an ambient temperature of 25℃ or below and relative RH or below. 4. Dismantling There is a small amount of electrolyte stored within the capacitor. Do not attempt to dismantle as direct skin contact with the electrolyte will cause burning. This product should be treated as industrial waste and not is not to be disposed of by fire. Super Capacito © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 10 Supercapacitors – FG Series Notes on Using Supercapacitors or Electric Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) 1. Circuitry Design 1.1 Useful life The FC Series Supercapacitor (EDLC) uses an electrolyte in a sealed container. Water in the electrolyte can evaporate while in use over long periods of time at high temperatures, thus reducing electrostatic capacity which in turn will create greater internal resistance. The characteristics of the supercapacitor can vary greatly depending on the environment in which it is used. Basic breakdown mode is an open mode due to increased internal resistance. 1.2 Fail rate in the field Based on field data, the fail rate is calculated at approximately 0.006 Fit. We estimate that unreported failures are ten times this amount. Therefore, we assume that the fail rate is below 0.06 Fit. 1.3 Exceeding maximum usable voltage Performance may be compromised and in some cases leakage or damage may occur if applied voltage exceeds maximum working voltage. 1.4 Use of capacitor as a smoothing capacitor (ripple absorption) As supercapacitors contain a high level of internal resistance, they are not recommended for use as smoothing capacitors in electrical circuits. Performance may be compromised and, in some cases, leakage or damage may occur if a supercapacitor is used in ripple absorption. 1.5 Series connections As applied voltage balance to each supercapacitor is lost when used in series connection, excess voltage may be applied to some supercapacitors, which will not only negatively affect its performance but may also cause leakage and/or damage. Allow ample margin for maximum voltage or attach a circuit for applying equal voltage to each supercapacitor (partial pressure resistor/voltage divider) when using supercapacitors in series connection. Also, arrange supercapacitors so that the temperature between each capacitor will not vary. 1.6 Case Polarity The supercapacitor is manufactured so that the terminal on the outer case is negative (-). Align the (-) symbol during use. Even though discharging has been carried out prior to shipping, any residual electrical charge may negatively affect other parts. 1.7 Use next to heat emitters Useful life of the supercapacitor will be significantly affected if used near heat emitting items (coils, power transistors and posistors, etc.) where the supercapacitor itself may become heated. 1.8 Usage environment This device cannot be used in any acidic, alkaline or similar type of environment. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 11 Supercapacitors – FG Series Notes on Using Supercapacitors or Electric Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) cont’d 2. Mounting 2.1 Mounting onto a reflow furnace Except for the FC series, it is not possible to mount this capacitor onto an IR / VPS reflow furnace. Do not immerse the capacitor into a soldering dip tank. 2.2 Flow soldering conditions See Recommended Reflow Curves in Section – Precautions for Use 2.3 Installation using a soldering iron Care must be taken to prevent the soldering iron from touching other parts when soldering. Keep the tip of the soldering iron under 400ºC and soldering time to within 3 seconds. Always make sure that the temperature of the tip is controlled. Internal capacitor resistance is likely to increase if the terminals are overheated. 2.4 Lead terminal processing Do not attempt to bend or polish the capacitor terminals with sand paper, etc. Soldering may not be possible if the metallic plating is removed from the top of the terminals. 2.5 Cleaning, Coating, and Potting Except for the FM series, cleaning, coating and potting must not be carried out. Consult KEMET if this type of procedure is necessary. Terminals should be dried at less than the maximum operating temperature after cleaning. 3. Storage 3.1 Temperature and humidity Make sure that the supercapacitor is stored according to the following conditions: Temperature: 5 – 35ºC (Standard 25ºC), Humidity: 20 – 70% (Standard: 50%). Do not allow the build up of condensation through sudden temperature change. 3.2 Environment conditions Make sure there are no corrosive gasses such as sulfur dioxide, as penetration of the lead terminals is possible. Always store this item in an area with low dust and dirt levels. Make sure that the packaging will not be deformed through heavy loading, movement and/or knocks. Keep out of direct sunlight and away from radiation, static electricity and magnetic fields. 3.3 Maximum storage period This item may be stored up to one year from the date of delivery if stored at the conditions stated above. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 12 Supercapacitors – FG Series KEMET Corporation World Headquarters Europe Asia Southern Europe Paris, France Tel: 33-1-4646-1006 Northeast Asia Hong Kong Tel: 852-2305-1168 Mailing Address: P.O. Box 5928 Greenville, SC 29606 Sasso Marconi, Italy Tel: 39-051-939111 Shenzhen, China Tel: 86-755-2518-1306 www.kemet.com Tel: 864-963-6300 Fax: 864-963-6521 Central Europe Landsberg, Germany Tel: 49-8191-3350800 Corporate Offices Fort Lauderdale, FL Tel: 954-766-2800 Kamen, Germany Tel: 49-2307-438110 North America Northern Europe Bishop’s Stortford, United Kingdom Tel: 44-1279-460122 2835 KEMET Way Simpsonville, SC 29681 Southeast Lake Mary, FL Tel: 407-855-8886 Espoo, Finland Tel: 358-9-5406-5000 Northeast Wilmington, MA Tel: 978-658-1663 Beijing, China Tel: 86-10-5829-1711 Shanghai, China Tel: 86-21-6447-0707 Taipei, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-27528585 Southeast Asia Singapore Tel: 65-6586-1900 Penang, Malaysia Tel: 60-4-6430200 Bangalore, India Tel: 91-806-53-76817 Central Novi, MI Tel: 248-306-9353 West Milpitas, CA Tel: 408-433-9950 Mexico Guadalajara, Jalisco Tel: 52-33-3123-2141 Note: KEMET reserves the right to modify minor details of internal and external construction at any time in the interest of product improvement. KEMET does not assume any responsibility for infringement that might result from the use of KEMET Capacitors in potential circuit designs. KEMET is a registered trademark of KEMET Electronics Corporation. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 13 Supercapacitors – FG Series Disclaimer This product has been made available through a Private Label Agreement and a Development and Cross-Licensing Agreement between KEMET and NEC TOKIN to expand market and product offerings for both companies and their respective customers. For more information, please visit http://www.kemet.com/nectokin. All product specifications, statements, information and data (collectively, the “Information”) in this datasheet are subject to change. The customer is responsible for checking and verifying the extent to which the Information contained in this publication is applicable to an order at the time the order is placed. All Information given herein is believed to be accurate and reliable, but it is presented without guarantee, warranty, or responsibility of any kind, expressed or implied. Statements of suitability for certain applications are based on KEMET Electronics Corporation’s (“KEMET”) knowledge of typical operating conditions for such applications, but are not intended to constitute – and KEMET specifically disclaims – any warranty concerning suitability for a specific customer application or use. The Information is intended for use only by customers who have the requisite experience and capability to determine the correct products for their application. Any technical advice inferred from this Information or otherwise provided by KEMET with reference to the use of KEMET’s products is given gratis, and KEMET assumes no obligation or liability for the advice given or results obtained. Although KEMET designs and manufactures its products to the most stringent quality and safety standards, given the current state of the art, isolated component failures may still occur. Accordingly, customer applications which require a high degree of reliability or safety should employ suitable designs or other safeguards (such as installation of protective circuitry or redundancies) in order to ensure that the failure of an electrical component does not result in a risk of personal injury or property damage. Although all product–related warnings, cautions and notes must be observed, the customer should not assume that all safety measures are indicted or that other measures may not be required. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com S6013_FG • 7/10/2014 14