Features Description GM6605 series of positive adjustable and fixed regulators Adjustable or Fixed Output is designed to provide 5A output with low dropout voltage Output Current of 5.0A performance. On-chip trimming adjusts the reference volt- Dropout Voltage (typical) 1.15V @ 5.0A age with an accuracy of ±1% for adjustable, and ±2% for Typical Line Regulation 0.04% fixed voltage versions. To work in post regulators or micro- Typical Load Regulation 0.08% processor power supplies, which where low voltage opera- Fast Transient Response tion and fast transient response are required. Device in- Current Limit Protection cludes over-current protection and thermal shutdown pro- Thermal Shutdown Protection tection as well. GM6605 is available in TO-220 and surface-mount TO-263 packages. Application Microprocessor Supply Medical Equipment Post Regulators for Switching Supplies Printer Supplies Telecommunication Systems Motherboards TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS GM6605-Adj [email protected] 5.0V 10µF 5.0V 0.1µF 5.0V 5.0V 124W 1.0% ADJ VOUT VIN VOUT 200W 1.0% (Adjustable Version) GM6605-3.3 [email protected] GND 22µF 5.0V 22µF 5.0V 10µF 5.0V (Fixed Version) www.gammamicro.com GM6605 V0.11 VIN 1 MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS (Top View) TO-252 (DPAK) 2 TO-220 GM6605 VVAYWW TO-263-2 (D PAK) GM6605 GM6605 VVAYWW VVAYWW VIN VOUT VIN VOUT GND* VIN VOUT GND* GND* V V = Output Voltage (50 = 5.0V, A =Adj ) A = Assembly Location Y = Year W W = Weekly On fixed versions Pin 1 = GND, on adjustable versions Pin 1 = ADJ Tab = VOUT ORDERING INFORMATION Output Voltage Package Shipping GM6605-ATA3T Adj TO-263-2 50 Units / Tube GM6605-ATA3R Adj TO-263-2 GM6605-ATB3T Adj TO-220 50 Units / Tube GM6605-1.8TA3T 1.8 TO-263-2 50 Units / Tube GM6605-1.8TA3R 1.8 TO-263-2 800 Units / Tape & Reel GM6605-1.8TB3T 1.8 TO-220 50 Units / Tube GM6605-2.5TA3T 2.5 TO-263-2 50 Units / Tube GM6605-2.5TA3R 2.5 TO-263-2 800 Units / Tape & Reel GM6605-2.5TB3T 2.5 TO-220 GM6605-3.3TA3T 3.3 TO-263-2 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel GM6605 Ordering Number 2 GM6605-3.3TA3R 3.3 TO-263-2 GM6605-3.3TB3T 3.3 TO-220 GM6605-3.3TC3T 3.3 TO-252 800 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel GM6605-3.3TC3R 3.3 TO-252 GM6605-5.0TA3T 5.0 TO-263-2 50 Units / Tube GM6605-5.0TA3R 5.0 TO-263-2 800 Units / Tape & Reel GM6605-5.0TB3T 5.0 TO-220 * For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page. 50 Units / Tube ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PARAMETER SYMBOL VALUE UNIT Power Dissipation PD Internally limited W Input Voltage VIN 15 V Junction Temperature TJ +150 °C TLEAD 300 °C TJ 0 to + 125 °C TSTG -65 to + 150 °C Lead Temperature(Soldering, 10sec) Operating Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range BLOCK DIAGRAM (Fixed Version) VOUT VIN Thermal Shutdown Error Amplifier - Output Current Limit + Bandgap Reference GND (Adjustable Version) VOUT VIN Error Amplifier - Bandgap Reference + ADJ GM6605 Thermal Shutdown Output Current Limit 3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Typicals and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25°C) Symbol Parameter Reference Voltage GM6605-Adj VREF GM6605-1.8 VO GM6605-3.3 Load Regulation 10mA GM6605-Adj IOUT=10mA, GM6605-1.8 IOUT=10mA, 3.3V GM6605-2.5 REGLINE IOUT=10mA, 4V Max 1.238 1.230 1.782 1.764 2.475 2.460 3.267 3.247 4.950 4.920 1.250 1.250 1.800 1.800 2.500 2.500 3.300 3.300 5.000 5.000 1.262 1.270 1.818 1.836 2.525 2.540 3.333 3.353 5.050 5.080 0.04 0.20 0.04 0.20 0.04 0.20 0.04 0.20 0.04 0.20 0.08 0.40 7V 7V GM6605-3.3 7V GM6605-5.0 IOUT=10mA, 6.5V VIN 7V GM6605-Adj VIN-VOUT=1.5V, 10mA IO GM6605-1.8 VIN=3.8V, 10mA IO 5A 0.08 0.40 VIN=4.5V, 10mA IO 5A 0.08 0.40 GM6605-3.3 VIN=5.3V, 10mA IO 5A 0.08 0.40 GM6605-5.0 VIN=7V, 10mA IO 0.08 0.40 1.15 1.3 GM6605-2.5 REGLOAD IOUT=5A Current Limit ICL VIN-VOUT=3V GM6605-Adj IO MIN 5A 5A 5.5 VIN=5V 6.8 5 10 5A 5 10 VIN=4.0V, 10mA IO 5A 5 10 GM6605-3.3 VIN=4.8V, 10mA IO 5A 5 10 GM6605-5.0 VIN=6.5V, 10mA IO 5A 5 10 50 120 GM6605-2.5 GM6605-Adj IQ IADJ RA V V V V V % % V mA mA IOUT=10mA, 2.75V VIN 7V VIN-VOUT=1.5V, IOUT=10mA Temperature Coefficient Unit A VIN=3.3V, 10mA IO Quiescent Current Ripple Rejection VIN Typ VIN VD Adjust Pin Current VIN Min IOUT=10mA, 4.8V GM6605-1.8 GM6605 IOUT 5A, 6.5V VIN 7V Dropout Voltage Minimum Load Current 4 10mA IOUT 5A, 4V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=4.8V 10mA IOUT 5A, 4.8V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=6.5V GM6605-5.0 Line Regulation 10mA IOUT 5A, 3.3V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=3.3V 10mA IOUT 5A, 3.3V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=4V GM6605-2.5 Output Voltage Condition IOUT=10mA, VIN-VOUT=1.5V VIN-VOUT=1.5V, IOUT=5A 60 µA 0.005 %/°C 80 dB APPLICATION INFORMATION GM6605 series linear regulators provide fixed and adjustable output voltages at currents up to 5.0A. These regulators are protected against over-current conditions and include thermal shutdown protection. The GM6605 has a composite PNP-NPN output transistor and require an output capacitor for stability. Protection Diodes When large external capacitors are used with most linear regulator, it is wise to add protection diodes. If the input voltage of the regulator is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value A detailed procedure for selecting this capacitor is as of capacitor, output voltage, and rate at which VIN followed. drops. Figure 1 Stability Considerations The output compensation capacitor helps to determine (a),(b) Protection Diode Scheme for Large Output Capacitors (a) Fixed Version three main characteristics of a linear regulator's performance: start-up delay, load transient response, and loop stability. The capacitor value and type is based on cost, availability, size, and temperature constraints. A IN4002 VIN VIN VOUT VOUT GM6605-3.3 tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor is preferred, as a film or ceramic capacitor with almost zero GND C1 C2 ESR can cause instability. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive type. But when the circuit operates at low temperatures, both the value and ESR of the capacitor will vary widely. For optimum perfor- (b) Adjustable Version mance over the full operating temperature range, a tantalum capacitor is the best. A 22µF tantalum capacitor will work fine in most applications. But with high current VIN VIN regulators, such as GM6605 higher capacitance values current, so the output capacitor must supply instantaneous load current. The ESR of the output capacitor VOUT GM6605-Adj will improve the transient response and stability. Most applications for Gm6605 involve large changes in load IN4002 VOUT C1 ADJ R1 CADJ C2 R2 causes an immediate drop in output voltage given by: work of several tantalum and ceramic capacitors in parallel is commonly used. This reduces overall ESR and minimizes the instantaneous output voltage drop under transient load conditions. The output capacitor network should be placed as close to the load as possible for the best results. In GM6605 linear regulators, the discharge path is through a large junction, and protection diodes are normally not needed. However, if the regulator is used with large output capacitance values and the input voltage is instantaneously shorted to ground, damage can occur. In this case, a diode connected as shown above in Figure 1. GM6605 DV = DI x ESD In microprocessor applications an output capacitor net- 5 Output Voltage Sensing GM6605 series is three terminal regulator, so they cannot provide true remote load sensing. Load regulation is limited by the resistance of the conductors connecting the regulator to the load. For best results, Gm6605 should be connected as shown in Figure 2. VIN VIN VOUT RC Conductor Parasitic Resistance GM6605-3.3 RLOAD GND (a) Fixed Version VIN VIN VOUT RC Conductor Parasitic Resistance GM6605-A ADJ R1 RLOAD R2 (b) Adjustable Version (a),(b) Figure 2 Conductor Parasitic Resistance Effects are Minimized by this Grounding Scheme For Fixed and Adjustable Output Regulators Calculating Power Dissipation and Heat Sink Requirements GM6605 series precision linear regulators include thermal shutdown and current limit circuitry to protect the devices. However, high power regulators normally operate at high junction temperatures so it is important to calculate the power dissipation and junction temperatures accurately to be sure that you use and adequate heat sink. The case is connected to VOUT on GM6605. so electrical isolation may be required for some applications. Thermal compound should always be used GM6605 with high current regulators like GM6605. 6 The thermal characteristics of an IC depend on four factors: 1. Maximum Ambient Temperature TA (°C) 2. Power Dissipation PD (Watts) 3. Maximum Junction Temperature TJ (°C) 4. Thermal Resistance Junction to ambient RQJA (°C/W) These relationship of these four factors is expressed by equation (1): TJ = TA + PD X RQJA ........(1) Maximum ambient temperature and power dissipation are determined by the design while the maximum junction temperature and thermal resistance depend on the manufacturer and the package type. The maximum power dissipation for a regulator is expressed by equation (2): PD(max) = { VIN(max)- VOUT(min) } IOUT(max) + VIN(max)IQ ........(2) where: VIN(max) is the maximum input voltage, VOUT(min) is the minimum output voltage, IOUT(max) is the maximum output current IQ is the maximum quiescent current at IOUT(max). A heat sink effectively increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the IC into the air. Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the environment has a thermal resistance. Like series electrical resistances, these re- , sistance are summed to determine RQJA the total thermal resistance between the junction and the air. This is expressed by equation (3): RQJA = RQJC + RQ CS+ R QSA ........(3) Where all of the following are in °C/W: RQJC is thermal resistance of junction to case, RQCS is thermal resistance of case to heat sink, RQSA is thermal resistance of heat sink to ambient air The value for RQJA is calculated using equation (3) and the result can be substituted in equation (1). The value for RQJC is 3.5°C/W for a given package type based on an average die size. For a high current regulator such as GM6605, the majority of the heat is generated in the power transistor section. Typical Performance Characteristics +0.3 1.20 TCASE= 0°C 1.10 1.05 TCASE= 25°C 1.00 0.95 0.90 TCASE= 125°C 0.85 0.80 0.75 +0.2 +0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20 1.50 1.80 2.10 2.40 2.70 300 0 30 60 Qutput Current(A) 90 Figure 4. Bandgap Reference Voltage Deviation vs. Temperature Figure 3. Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current 90 0.65 Minimum Load Current(mA) 80 70 Ripple Rejection(dB) 120 TJ°C 60 50 40 30 TCASE= 0°C 0.60 TCASE= 25°C 0.55 TCASE= 125°C 0.50 0.45 20 10 101 102 103 104 105 Frequency(Hz) Figure 5. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency 106 0.40 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VIN - VOUT(V) Figure 6. Minimum Load Current vs. VIN - VOUT(V) GM6605 Dropout Voltage(V) Reference Voltage Deviation(%) 1.15 7 TO-252 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 6.50 ± 0.05 Pad Layout 2.30 ± 0.05 5.340 ± 0.05 0.508 ± 0.0127 29° ± 0.5° REF 0.6 0.244 6.20 7° 0.118 3.0 1.0 ± 0.05 6.10 ± 0.05 0.070 ± 0.05 7.20 ± 0.05 9.900 7° 7° 0.75 ± 0.10 0.243 6.172 0.228 5.80 0.75 ± 0.10 2.70 ± 0.10 0.89 ± 0.05 0.063 1.6 1.525 ± 0.10 R 0.25 ± 0.13 0.101 2.58 0.81 ± 0.038 ( Inches ) mm Unit: mm R0.15 max 2° TO-263-2 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 9.90 ± 0.20 4.50 ± 0.20 +0.1 1.30 -0.05 15° 0.40 1.20 Pad Layout 3° 1.50 DP0.20 0.63 17.02 0.33 8.38 9.20 ± 0.20 15.3 ± 0.20 1.4 ± 0.20 0.10 ± 0.01 3° 3° R0.30 2.40 ± 0.20 2.00 ± 0.10 4.90 ± 0.20 1.27 ± 0.10 GM6605 2.54 TYP (2.54 ± 0.20) 8 0.42 10.66 +0.1 0.50 -0.05 0.04 1.016 10.0 ± 0.20 7.0 4.0 0.40 3° 3° 0.24 6.096 2.54 ± 0.10 0.75 R0.30 0.90 ± 0.10 0.12 3.05 ( 0.90 R 0.3 R 0.45 7.2 9.20 ± 0.20 10.00 ± 0.20 4.90 ± 0.20 Unit: mm Inches ) mm TO-220 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 4.50 ± 0.20 9.90 ± 0.20 3.60 ± 0.20 8.0 8.70 2.80 ± 0.10 7.0 +0.1 1.30 -0.05 4.60 8.40 1.27 ± 0.10 2.54 TYP (2.54 ± 0.20) 3° 3° 0.9 7.0 3° 45° 3.00 10.08 ± 0.30 13.08 ± 0.20 1.46 1.00 18.95 MAX 3.70 ± 0.20 15.90 ± 0.20 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 ± 0.20 1.30 ± 0.10 1.70 0.80 ± 0.10 1.52 ± 0.10 3° 3-R0.2 +0.1 0.50 -0.05 2.40 ± 0.20 3° 2 - R 0.3 Unit: mm 10.00 ± 0.20 ORDERING NUMBER GM 6605 1.8 TB3 T Gamma Micro. Shipping T: Tube R: Tape & Reel Output Voltage A: Adj, 1.5: 1.5V 1.8: 1.8V, 2.5: 2.5V 3.3: 3.3V, 5.0: 5.0V Package TA3: TO-263-2 TB3: TO-220 TC3: TO-252 GM6605 Circuit Type 9 10 GM6605