Maxim LM4041CIX3-1.2-T Improved precision micropower shunt voltage reference Datasheet

19-1704; Rev 5; 1/09
Improved Precision Micropower
Shunt Voltage Reference
The LM4041 is a precision two-terminal shunt mode,
bandgap voltage reference with a fixed reverse breakdown voltage of 1.225V. Ideal for space-critical applications, the LM4041 is offered in the subminiature 3-pin
SC70 surface-mount package (1.8mm ✕ 1.8mm), 50%
smaller than comparable devices in SOT23 surfacemount packages (SOT23 versions are also available).
Laser-trimmed resistors ensure precise initial accuracy.
With a 100ppm/°C temperature coefficient, the device
is offered in four grades of initial accuracy ranging from
0.1% to 1%. The LM4041 has a 60µA to 12mA shunt
current capability with low dynamic impedance, ensuring stable reverse-breakdown voltage accuracy over a
wide range of operating temperatures and currents.
The LM4041 does not require an external stabilizing
capacitor while ensuring stability with any capacitive
load.
The LM4041 is guaranteed over the temperature range
-40°C to +125°C.
________________________Applications
Features
♦ Ultra-Small 3-Pin SC70 Package
♦ 0.1% (max) Initial Accuracy
♦ 100ppm/°C (max) Temperature Coefficient
Guaranteed over -40°C to +125°C Temperature
Range
♦ Wide Operating Current Range: 60µA to 12mA
♦ Low 20µVRMS Output Noise (10Hz to 10kHz)
♦ 1.225V Fixed Reverse Breakdown Voltage
♦ No Output Capacitors Required
♦ Tolerates Capacitive Loads
Ordering Information
PART
TEMP RANGE
PINTOP
PACKAGE MARK
LM4041AIX3-1.2+T
-40°C to +85°C
3 SC70-3
ABF
LM4041AIM3-1.2+T
-40°C to +85°C
3 SOT23-3
FZEB
LM4041AEX3-1.2+T
-40°C to +125°C
3 SC70-3
LM4041AEM3-1.2+T
-40°C to +125°C
3 SOT23-3
LM4041BIX3-1.2+T
-40°C to +85°C
3 SC70-3
ABG
LM4041BIM3-1.2+T
-40°C to +85°C
3 SOT23-3
FZEC
ALB
FZNC
LM4041BEX3-1.2+T
-40°C to +125°C
3 SC70-3
Portable, Battery-Powered Equipment
LM4041BEM3-1.2+T
-40°C to +125°C
3 SOT23-3
FZND
Notebook Computers
LM4041CIX3-1.2+T
-40°C to +85°C
3 SC70-3
ABH
Cell Phones
LM4041CIM3-1.2+T
-40°C to +85°C
3 SOT23-3
FZED
LM4041CEX3-1.2+T
-40°C to +125°C
3 SC70-3
ALD
LM4041CEM3-1.2+T
-40°C to +125°C
3 SOT23-3
FZNE
LM4041DIX3-1.2+T
-40°C to +85°C
3 SC70-3
LM4041DIM3-1.2+T
-40°C to +85°C
3 SOT23-3
FZEE
LM4041DEX3-1.2+T
-40°C to +125°C
3 SC70-3
ALE
LM4041DEM3-1.2+T
-40°C to +125°C
3 SOT23-3
Industrial Process Controls
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
+
ALC
ABI
FZNF
Note: For leaded version, contact factory.
*See Selector Guide for a listing of LM4041 Output Voltage,
Initial Accuracy, and Temperature Coefficient specifications.
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
Selector Guide
1
LM4041
3
N.C.*
PART
INITIAL
ACCURACY
(%)
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
(V)
TEMPCO
(ppm/°C)
- 2
LM4041A___-1.2-T
0.1
1.225
100
SC70-3/SOT23-3
LM4041B___-1.2-T
0.2
1.225
100
*PIN 3 MUST BE LEFT FLOATING OR CONNECTED TO PIN 2.
LM4041C___-1.2-T
0.5
1.225
100
LM4041D___-1.2-T
1.0
1.225
150
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
LM4041
General Description
LM4041
Improved Precision Micropower
Shunt Voltage Reference
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Reverse Current (cathode to anode) ..................................20mA
Forward Current (anode to cathode) ..................................10mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
3-Pin SC70 (derate 2.17mW/°C above +70°C) ............174mW
3-Pin SOT23 (derate 4.01mW/°C above +70°C)..........320mW
Operating Temperature Range
LM4041_I_ _ _..................................................-40°C to +85°C
LM4041_E_ _ _ ..............................................-40°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................+300° C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(IR = 100µA, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
LM4041A (0.1%)
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
Tolerance (Note 2)
Minimum Operating Current
VR
TA = +25°C
ΔVR
IRMIN
ΔVR/ΔT
IR = 1mA
Reverse Dynamic
Impedance (Note 3)
2
IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1mA
ΔVR/ΔIR
1mA ≤ IR ≤ 12mA
ZR
IR = 1mA, f = 120Hz,
IAC = 0.1IR
MAX
1.2262
1.2226
1.2250
1.2275
LM4041C (0.5%)
1.2189
1.2250
1.2311
LM4041D (1.0%)
1.2128
1.2250
1.2373
LM4041A (0.1%)
±1.2
±9.2
LM4041B (0.2%)
±2.4
±10.4
LM4041C (0.5%)
±6.0
±14
LM4041D (1.0%)
±12
±24
LM4041A/B/C
45
60
LM4041D
45
65
LM4041A/B/C
±15
±100
LM4041D
±15
±150
UNITS
V
mV
μA
±20
ppm/°C
±15
IR = 100μA
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
Change with Operating
Current Change
TYP
1.2250
LM4041B (0.2%)
IR = 10mA
Average Reverse Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
(Notes 2 and 3)
MIN
1.2238
LM4041A/B/C
0.7
1.5
LM4041D
0.7
2.0
LM4041A/B/C
2.5
8.0
LM4041D
2.5
10.0
LM4041A/B/C
0.5
1.5
LM4041D
0.5
2.0
_______________________________________________________________________________________
mV
Ω
Improved Precision Micropower
Shunt Voltage Reference
(IR = 100µA, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Wideband Noise
CONDITIONS
eN
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
Long-Term Stability
ΔVR
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
IR = 100μA, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 10kHz
20
μVRMS
T = 1000h, IR = 100μA
120
ppm
Note 1: All devices are 100% production tested at +25°C and are guaranteed by design for TA = TMIN to TMAX, as specified.
Note 2: The overtemperature limit for Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance is defined as the room-temperature Reverse
Breakdown Voltage Tolerance ±[(ΔVR / ΔT)(maxΔT)(VR)], where ΔVR / ΔT is the VR temperature coefficient, maxΔT is the
maximum difference in temperature from the reference point of +25°C to TMIN or TMAX, and VR is the reverse breakdown
voltage. The total overtemperature tolerance for the different grades in the temperature range where maxΔT = +65°C is
shown below:
A grade: ±0.75% = ±0.1% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 65°C
B grade: ±0.85% = ±0.2% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 65°C
C grade: ±1.15% = ±0.5% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 65°C
D grade: ±1.98% = ±1.0% ±150ppm/°C ✕ 65°C
The total overtemperature tolerance for the different grades in the extended temperature range where maxΔT = +100°C is
shown below:
A grade: ±1.1% = ±0.1% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 100°C
B grade: ±1.2% = ±0.2% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 100°C
C grade: ±1.5% = ±0.5% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 100°C
D grade: ±2.5% = ±1.0% ±150ppm/°C ✕ 100°C
Therefore, as an example, the A-grade LM4041-1.2 has an overtemperature reverse breakdown voltage tolerance of ±2.5V
x 0.75% = ±19mV.
Note 3: Guaranteed by design.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(IR = 100µA, SC70-3 package, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
REVERSE CHARACTERISTICS AND
MINIMUM OPERATING CURRENT
TEMPERATURE DRIFT
60
40
20
0
-1
-2
-3
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
REVERSE VOLTAGE (V)
1.6
2.0
LM4041 toc03
LM4041 toc02
0
6
REVERSE VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV)
REVERSE CURRENT (µA)
80
REVERSE VOLTAGE vs. CURRENT
1
REFERENCE VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV)
LM4041-01
100
5
TA = +85°C
4
TA = +125°C
3
TA = +25°C
2
TA = -40°C
1
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
0
5
10
15
20
SOURCE CURRENT (mA)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
LM4041
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(IR = 100µA, SC70-3 package, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE
2V/div
VGEN
2mV/div
VR
LM4041-06
VGEN
2mV/div
ISHUNT = 100μA ± 25μA,
RL = 100kΩ
SEE FIGURE 1
VR
(AC-COUPLED)
VGEN
2V/div
2V/div
2mV/div
ISHUNT = 1mA ± 250μA,
RL = 10kΩ
SEE FIGURE 1
ISHUNT = 10mA ± 2.5mA,
RL = 1kΩ
SEE FIGURE 1
10μs/div
10μs/div
10μs/div
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
STARTUP CHARACTERISTICS
LM4041-08
1000
LM4041-07
RS = 30kΩ
SEE FIGURE 2
5V
VIN
OV
LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE
LM4041-05
LM4041-04
C1 = 0
10,000
IR = 200μA
1.0V
VOUT
O.5V
10
NOISE (nV/√Hz)
IMPEDANCE (Ω)
100
1.5V
IR = 150μA
1
IR = 1mA
0.1
0
4
8
12
100
16
1k
10k
100
100k
1M
10
1k
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
RESPONSE TIME (μs)
ISHUNT
VB
1000
C1 = 1μF
0V
RS
30kΩ
1kΩ
+
-
RL
VIN
1Hz RATE
VR
VR
VGEN
Figure 1. Load-Transient Test Circuit
4
LM4041-09
LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE
VR
(AC-COUPLED)
LM4041
Improved Precision Micropower
Shunt Voltage Reference
Figure 2. Startup Characteristics Test Circuit
_______________________________________________________________________________________
10k
Improved Precision Micropower
Shunt Voltage Reference
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
1
+
Positive Terminal of the Shunt Reference
2
−
Negative Terminal of the Shunt Reference
3
N.C.
Leave this pin unconnected, or connect to pin 2.
Detailed Description
The LM4041 shunt references use the bandgap principle to produce a stable, accurate voltage. The device
behaves similarly to an ideal zener diode; a fixed voltage of +1.225V is maintained across its output terminals when biased with 60µA to 12mA of reverse
current. The LM4041 behaves similarly to a silicon
diode when biased with forward currents up 10mA.
Figure 3 shows a typical operating circuit. The LM4041
is ideal for providing a stable reference from a highvoltage power supply.
Applications Information
The LM4041’s internal pass transistor is used to maintain a constant output voltage (VSHUNT) by sinking the
necessary amount of current across a source resistor.
The source resistance (RS) is determined from the load
current (ILOAD) range, supply voltage (VS) variations,
VSHUNT, and desired quiescent current.
Choose the value of RS when VS is at a minimum and
ILOAD is at a maximum. Maintain a minimum ISHUNT of
60µA at all times. The RS value should be large enough
to keep ISHUNT less than 12mA for proper regulation
when VS is maximum and ILOAD is at a minimum. To
prevent damage to the device, ISHUNT should never
exceed 20mA.
Therefore, the value of RS is bounded by the following
equation:
[VS(MIN) - VR ] / [60µA + ILOAD(MAX)] > RS >
[VS(MAX) - VR ] / [20mA + ILOAD(MIN)]
Choosing a larger resistance minimizes the total power
dissipation in the circuit by reducing the shunt current
(PD(TOTAL) = VS ✕ ISHUNT). Provide a safety margin to
incorporate the worst-case tolerance of the resistor
VS
RS
ISHUNT + ILOAD
ILOAD
VR
ISHUNT
LM4041
Figure 3. Typical Operating Circuit
used. Ensure that the resistor’s power rating is adequate, using the following general power equation:
PR = ISHUNT ✕ (VS(MAX) - VR)
Output Capacitance
The LM4041 does not require an external capacitor for
frequency stability and is stable for any output capacitance.
Temperature Performance
The LM4041 typically exhibits an output voltage temperature coefficient within ±15ppm/°C. The polarity of
the temperature coefficient may be different from one
device to another; some may have positive coefficients,
and others may have negative coefficients.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
LM4041
Pin Description
LM4041
Improved Precision Micropower
Shunt Voltage Reference
High Temperature Operation
The maximum junction temperature of the LM4041 is
+150°C. The maximum operating temperature for the
LM4041_E_ is +125°C. At a maximum load current of
15mA and a maximum output voltage of 5V, the part
will dissipate 75mW of power. The power dissipation
limits of the 3-pin SC70 call for a derating value of
2.17mW/°C above +70°C and thus for 75mW of power
dissipation, the part will selfheat to 35.56°C above
ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is
+125°C, the part operates at 159.56°C, thereby
exceeding the maximum junction temperature value of
+150°C. For high-temperature operation, care must be
taken to ensure the combination of ambient temperature, output power dissipation, and package thermal
resistance does not conspire to raise the device temperature beyond that listed in the Absolute Maximum
Ratings. Either reduce the output load current or the
ambient temperature to keep the part within the limits.
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 60
PROCESS: BiCMOS
6
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go
to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in
the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
PACKAGE TYPE
PACKAGE CODE
DOCUMENT NO.
3 SC70-3
X3-2
21-0075
3 SOT23-3
U3-1
21-0051
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Improved Precision Micropower
Shunt Voltage Reference
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
5
1/09
DESCRIPTION
Changed part numbers to indicate lead-free
PAGES
CHANGED
1
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implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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