19-1704; Rev 5; 1/09 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference The LM4041 is a precision two-terminal shunt mode, bandgap voltage reference with a fixed reverse breakdown voltage of 1.225V. Ideal for space-critical applications, the LM4041 is offered in the subminiature 3-pin SC70 surface-mount package (1.8mm ✕ 1.8mm), 50% smaller than comparable devices in SOT23 surfacemount packages (SOT23 versions are also available). Laser-trimmed resistors ensure precise initial accuracy. With a 100ppm/°C temperature coefficient, the device is offered in four grades of initial accuracy ranging from 0.1% to 1%. The LM4041 has a 60µA to 12mA shunt current capability with low dynamic impedance, ensuring stable reverse-breakdown voltage accuracy over a wide range of operating temperatures and currents. The LM4041 does not require an external stabilizing capacitor while ensuring stability with any capacitive load. The LM4041 is guaranteed over the temperature range -40°C to +125°C. ________________________Applications Features ♦ Ultra-Small 3-Pin SC70 Package ♦ 0.1% (max) Initial Accuracy ♦ 100ppm/°C (max) Temperature Coefficient Guaranteed over -40°C to +125°C Temperature Range ♦ Wide Operating Current Range: 60µA to 12mA ♦ Low 20µVRMS Output Noise (10Hz to 10kHz) ♦ 1.225V Fixed Reverse Breakdown Voltage ♦ No Output Capacitors Required ♦ Tolerates Capacitive Loads Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PINTOP PACKAGE MARK LM4041AIX3-1.2+T -40°C to +85°C 3 SC70-3 ABF LM4041AIM3-1.2+T -40°C to +85°C 3 SOT23-3 FZEB LM4041AEX3-1.2+T -40°C to +125°C 3 SC70-3 LM4041AEM3-1.2+T -40°C to +125°C 3 SOT23-3 LM4041BIX3-1.2+T -40°C to +85°C 3 SC70-3 ABG LM4041BIM3-1.2+T -40°C to +85°C 3 SOT23-3 FZEC ALB FZNC LM4041BEX3-1.2+T -40°C to +125°C 3 SC70-3 Portable, Battery-Powered Equipment LM4041BEM3-1.2+T -40°C to +125°C 3 SOT23-3 FZND Notebook Computers LM4041CIX3-1.2+T -40°C to +85°C 3 SC70-3 ABH Cell Phones LM4041CIM3-1.2+T -40°C to +85°C 3 SOT23-3 FZED LM4041CEX3-1.2+T -40°C to +125°C 3 SC70-3 ALD LM4041CEM3-1.2+T -40°C to +125°C 3 SOT23-3 FZNE LM4041DIX3-1.2+T -40°C to +85°C 3 SC70-3 LM4041DIM3-1.2+T -40°C to +85°C 3 SOT23-3 FZEE LM4041DEX3-1.2+T -40°C to +125°C 3 SC70-3 ALE LM4041DEM3-1.2+T -40°C to +125°C 3 SOT23-3 Industrial Process Controls Pin Configuration TOP VIEW + ALC ABI FZNF Note: For leaded version, contact factory. *See Selector Guide for a listing of LM4041 Output Voltage, Initial Accuracy, and Temperature Coefficient specifications. +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. Selector Guide 1 LM4041 3 N.C.* PART INITIAL ACCURACY (%) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) TEMPCO (ppm/°C) - 2 LM4041A___-1.2-T 0.1 1.225 100 SC70-3/SOT23-3 LM4041B___-1.2-T 0.2 1.225 100 *PIN 3 MUST BE LEFT FLOATING OR CONNECTED TO PIN 2. LM4041C___-1.2-T 0.5 1.225 100 LM4041D___-1.2-T 1.0 1.225 150 ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. LM4041 General Description LM4041 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Reverse Current (cathode to anode) ..................................20mA Forward Current (anode to cathode) ..................................10mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 3-Pin SC70 (derate 2.17mW/°C above +70°C) ............174mW 3-Pin SOT23 (derate 4.01mW/°C above +70°C)..........320mW Operating Temperature Range LM4041_I_ _ _..................................................-40°C to +85°C LM4041_E_ _ _ ..............................................-40°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................+300° C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (IR = 100µA, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS LM4041A (0.1%) Reverse Breakdown Voltage Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance (Note 2) Minimum Operating Current VR TA = +25°C ΔVR IRMIN ΔVR/ΔT IR = 1mA Reverse Dynamic Impedance (Note 3) 2 IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1mA ΔVR/ΔIR 1mA ≤ IR ≤ 12mA ZR IR = 1mA, f = 120Hz, IAC = 0.1IR MAX 1.2262 1.2226 1.2250 1.2275 LM4041C (0.5%) 1.2189 1.2250 1.2311 LM4041D (1.0%) 1.2128 1.2250 1.2373 LM4041A (0.1%) ±1.2 ±9.2 LM4041B (0.2%) ±2.4 ±10.4 LM4041C (0.5%) ±6.0 ±14 LM4041D (1.0%) ±12 ±24 LM4041A/B/C 45 60 LM4041D 45 65 LM4041A/B/C ±15 ±100 LM4041D ±15 ±150 UNITS V mV μA ±20 ppm/°C ±15 IR = 100μA Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Operating Current Change TYP 1.2250 LM4041B (0.2%) IR = 10mA Average Reverse Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Notes 2 and 3) MIN 1.2238 LM4041A/B/C 0.7 1.5 LM4041D 0.7 2.0 LM4041A/B/C 2.5 8.0 LM4041D 2.5 10.0 LM4041A/B/C 0.5 1.5 LM4041D 0.5 2.0 _______________________________________________________________________________________ mV Ω Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference (IR = 100µA, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL Wideband Noise CONDITIONS eN Reverse Breakdown Voltage Long-Term Stability ΔVR MIN TYP MAX UNITS IR = 100μA, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 10kHz 20 μVRMS T = 1000h, IR = 100μA 120 ppm Note 1: All devices are 100% production tested at +25°C and are guaranteed by design for TA = TMIN to TMAX, as specified. Note 2: The overtemperature limit for Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance is defined as the room-temperature Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance ±[(ΔVR / ΔT)(maxΔT)(VR)], where ΔVR / ΔT is the VR temperature coefficient, maxΔT is the maximum difference in temperature from the reference point of +25°C to TMIN or TMAX, and VR is the reverse breakdown voltage. The total overtemperature tolerance for the different grades in the temperature range where maxΔT = +65°C is shown below: A grade: ±0.75% = ±0.1% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 65°C B grade: ±0.85% = ±0.2% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 65°C C grade: ±1.15% = ±0.5% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 65°C D grade: ±1.98% = ±1.0% ±150ppm/°C ✕ 65°C The total overtemperature tolerance for the different grades in the extended temperature range where maxΔT = +100°C is shown below: A grade: ±1.1% = ±0.1% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 100°C B grade: ±1.2% = ±0.2% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 100°C C grade: ±1.5% = ±0.5% ±100ppm/°C ✕ 100°C D grade: ±2.5% = ±1.0% ±150ppm/°C ✕ 100°C Therefore, as an example, the A-grade LM4041-1.2 has an overtemperature reverse breakdown voltage tolerance of ±2.5V x 0.75% = ±19mV. Note 3: Guaranteed by design. Typical Operating Characteristics (IR = 100µA, SC70-3 package, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) REVERSE CHARACTERISTICS AND MINIMUM OPERATING CURRENT TEMPERATURE DRIFT 60 40 20 0 -1 -2 -3 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 REVERSE VOLTAGE (V) 1.6 2.0 LM4041 toc03 LM4041 toc02 0 6 REVERSE VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) REVERSE CURRENT (µA) 80 REVERSE VOLTAGE vs. CURRENT 1 REFERENCE VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) LM4041-01 100 5 TA = +85°C 4 TA = +125°C 3 TA = +25°C 2 TA = -40°C 1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 0 5 10 15 20 SOURCE CURRENT (mA) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 LM4041 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (IR = 100µA, SC70-3 package, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE 2V/div VGEN 2mV/div VR LM4041-06 VGEN 2mV/div ISHUNT = 100μA ± 25μA, RL = 100kΩ SEE FIGURE 1 VR (AC-COUPLED) VGEN 2V/div 2V/div 2mV/div ISHUNT = 1mA ± 250μA, RL = 10kΩ SEE FIGURE 1 ISHUNT = 10mA ± 2.5mA, RL = 1kΩ SEE FIGURE 1 10μs/div 10μs/div 10μs/div NOISE vs. FREQUENCY OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY STARTUP CHARACTERISTICS LM4041-08 1000 LM4041-07 RS = 30kΩ SEE FIGURE 2 5V VIN OV LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE LM4041-05 LM4041-04 C1 = 0 10,000 IR = 200μA 1.0V VOUT O.5V 10 NOISE (nV/√Hz) IMPEDANCE (Ω) 100 1.5V IR = 150μA 1 IR = 1mA 0.1 0 4 8 12 100 16 1k 10k 100 100k 1M 10 1k 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) RESPONSE TIME (μs) ISHUNT VB 1000 C1 = 1μF 0V RS 30kΩ 1kΩ + - RL VIN 1Hz RATE VR VR VGEN Figure 1. Load-Transient Test Circuit 4 LM4041-09 LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE VR (AC-COUPLED) LM4041 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference Figure 2. Startup Characteristics Test Circuit _______________________________________________________________________________________ 10k Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 + Positive Terminal of the Shunt Reference 2 − Negative Terminal of the Shunt Reference 3 N.C. Leave this pin unconnected, or connect to pin 2. Detailed Description The LM4041 shunt references use the bandgap principle to produce a stable, accurate voltage. The device behaves similarly to an ideal zener diode; a fixed voltage of +1.225V is maintained across its output terminals when biased with 60µA to 12mA of reverse current. The LM4041 behaves similarly to a silicon diode when biased with forward currents up 10mA. Figure 3 shows a typical operating circuit. The LM4041 is ideal for providing a stable reference from a highvoltage power supply. Applications Information The LM4041’s internal pass transistor is used to maintain a constant output voltage (VSHUNT) by sinking the necessary amount of current across a source resistor. The source resistance (RS) is determined from the load current (ILOAD) range, supply voltage (VS) variations, VSHUNT, and desired quiescent current. Choose the value of RS when VS is at a minimum and ILOAD is at a maximum. Maintain a minimum ISHUNT of 60µA at all times. The RS value should be large enough to keep ISHUNT less than 12mA for proper regulation when VS is maximum and ILOAD is at a minimum. To prevent damage to the device, ISHUNT should never exceed 20mA. Therefore, the value of RS is bounded by the following equation: [VS(MIN) - VR ] / [60µA + ILOAD(MAX)] > RS > [VS(MAX) - VR ] / [20mA + ILOAD(MIN)] Choosing a larger resistance minimizes the total power dissipation in the circuit by reducing the shunt current (PD(TOTAL) = VS ✕ ISHUNT). Provide a safety margin to incorporate the worst-case tolerance of the resistor VS RS ISHUNT + ILOAD ILOAD VR ISHUNT LM4041 Figure 3. Typical Operating Circuit used. Ensure that the resistor’s power rating is adequate, using the following general power equation: PR = ISHUNT ✕ (VS(MAX) - VR) Output Capacitance The LM4041 does not require an external capacitor for frequency stability and is stable for any output capacitance. Temperature Performance The LM4041 typically exhibits an output voltage temperature coefficient within ±15ppm/°C. The polarity of the temperature coefficient may be different from one device to another; some may have positive coefficients, and others may have negative coefficients. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 LM4041 Pin Description LM4041 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference High Temperature Operation The maximum junction temperature of the LM4041 is +150°C. The maximum operating temperature for the LM4041_E_ is +125°C. At a maximum load current of 15mA and a maximum output voltage of 5V, the part will dissipate 75mW of power. The power dissipation limits of the 3-pin SC70 call for a derating value of 2.17mW/°C above +70°C and thus for 75mW of power dissipation, the part will selfheat to 35.56°C above ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is +125°C, the part operates at 159.56°C, thereby exceeding the maximum junction temperature value of +150°C. For high-temperature operation, care must be taken to ensure the combination of ambient temperature, output power dissipation, and package thermal resistance does not conspire to raise the device temperature beyond that listed in the Absolute Maximum Ratings. Either reduce the output load current or the ambient temperature to keep the part within the limits. Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 60 PROCESS: BiCMOS 6 Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 3 SC70-3 X3-2 21-0075 3 SOT23-3 U3-1 21-0051 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 5 1/09 DESCRIPTION Changed part numbers to indicate lead-free PAGES CHANGED 1 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 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