High Accuracy, Ultralow IQ, 1 A, anyCAP® Low Dropout Regulator ADP3338 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM FEATURES Q1 IN THERMAL PROTECTION R1 CC DRIVER gm R2 02050-001 BANDGAP REF GND Figure 1. APPLICATIONS Notebook, palmtop computers SCSI terminators Battery-powered systems Bar code scanners Camcorders, cameras Home entertainment systems Networking systems DSP/ASIC supplies OUT ADP3338 ADP3338 VIN IN 1µF VOUT OUT GND 1µF 02050-002 High accuracy over line and load: ±0.8% @ 25°C, ±1.4% over temperature Ultralow dropout voltage: 190 mV (typ) @ 1 A Requires only CO = 1.0 µF for stability anyCAP is stable with any type of capacitor (including MLCC) Current and thermal limiting Low noise 2.7 V to 8 V supply range −40°C to +85°C ambient temperature range SOT-223 package Figure 2. Typical Application Circuit GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADP3338 is a member of the ADP33xx family of precision, low dropout (LDO), anyCAP voltage regulators. The ADP3338 operates with an input voltage range of 2.7 V to 8 V and delivers a load current up to 1 A. The ADP3338 stands out from conventional LDOs with a novel architecture and an enhanced process that offers performance advantages and higher output current than its competition. Its patented design requires only a 1 µF output capacitor for stability. This device is insensitive to output capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR), and is stable with any good quality capacitor, including ceramic (MLCC) types for space-restricted applications. The ADP3338 achieves exceptional accuracy of ±0.8% at room temperature and ±1.4% over temperature, line, and load variations. The dropout voltage of the ADP3338 is only 190 mV (typical) at 1 A. The device also includes a safety current limit and thermal overload protection. The ADP3338 has ultralow quiescent current: 110 µA (typical) in light load situations. Rev. B Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. ADP3338 TABLE OF CONTENTS Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Capacitor Selection .................................................................... 10 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 4 Output Current Limit ................................................................ 10 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 4 Thermal Overload Protection .................................................. 10 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 5 Calculating Power Dissipation ................................................. 10 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 6 Printed Circuit Board Layout Considerations ....................... 10 Theory of Operation ........................................................................ 9 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 12 Application Information................................................................ 10 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 13 REVISION HISTORY 6/05—Data Sheet Changed from Rev. A to Rev. B Added Pin Function Descriptions Table ....................................... 5 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 13 6/04—Data Sheet Changed from Rev. 0 to Rev. A Updated Format..............................................................Universal Changes to Figures 5, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ..................................... 6 Updated Outline Dimensions ................................................... 12 Changes to Ordering Guide ...................................................... 12 6/01—Rev. 0: Initial Version Rev. B | Page 2 of 16 ADP3338 SPECIFICATIONS VIN = 6.0 V, CIN = COUT = 1 µF, TJ = −40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter1, 2, 3 OUTPUT Voltage Accuracy Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage Peak Load Current Output Noise GROUND CURRENT In Regulation In Dropout 1 2 3 Symbol Conditions Min VOUT VIN = VOUTNOM + 0.4 V to 8 V, IL = 0.1 mA to 1 A, TJ = 25°C VIN = VOUTNOM + 0.4 V to 8 V, IL = 0.1 mA to 1 A, TJ = −40°C to +125°C VIN = VOUTNOM + 0.4 V to 8 V, IL = 50 mA to 1 A, TJ = 150°C VIN = VOUTNOM + 0.4 V to 8 V, TJ = 25°C IL = 0.1 mA to 1 A, TJ = 25°C VOUT = 98% of VOUTNOM IL = 1 A IL = 500 mA IL = 100 mA VIN = VOUTNOM + 1 V f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz, CL = 10 µF, IL = 1 A −0.8 −1.4 −1.6 VDROP ILDPK VNOISE IGND IGND IL = 1 A IL = 500 mA IL = 100 mA IL = 0.1 mA VIN = VOUTNOM – 100 mV, IL = 0.1 mA All limits at temperature extremes are guaranteed via correlation using standard statistical quality control (SQC) methods. Application stable with no load. VIN = 2.7 V for models with VOUTNOM ≤ 2.2 V. Rev. B | Page 3 of 16 Typ Max Unit +0.8 +1.4 +1.6 % % % mV/V mV/mA 190 125 70 1.6 95 400 200 150 mV mV mV A µV rms 9 4.5 0.9 110 190 30 15 3 190 600 mA mA mA µA µA 0.04 0.006 ADP3338 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Unless otherwise specified, all voltages are referenced to GND. Table 2. Parameter Input Supply Voltage Power Dissipation Operating Ambient Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature Range θJA θJC Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering 10 sec) Vapor Phase (60 sec) Infrared (15 sec) Rating −0.3 V to +8.5 V Internally limited −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +150°C 62.3°C/W 26.8°C/W −65°C to +150°C 300°C 215°C 220°C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Only one absolute maximum rating may be applied at any one time. ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. Rev. B | Page 4 of 16 ADP3338 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS 3 IN ADP3338 2 TOP VIEW 2 OUT (Not to Scale) 1 GND 02050-003 OUT NOTE: PIN 2 AND TAB ARE INTERNALLY CONNECTED Figure 3. Pin Configuration Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 2 3 Mnemonic GND OUT IN Description Ground Pin. Regulator Output. Bypass to ground with a 1 µF or larger capacitor. Regulator Input. Bypass to ground with a 1 µF or larger capacitor. Rev. B | Page 5 of 16 ADP3338 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. 12 2.515 VOUT = 2.5V VIN = 6V VOUT = 2.5V 10 2.510 GROUND CURRENT (mA) IL = 0.5A 2.505 IL = 1A 2.500 2.495 8 6 4 2.5 4.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6.5 0 02050-004 2.490 8.0 0 Figure 4. Line Regulation Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage 1.0 0.8 Figure 7. Ground Current vs. Load Current 0.4 2.504 VOUT = 2.5V VIN = 6V VIN = 6V 2.503 IL = 1A 0.3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (%) 2.502 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.4 0.6 OUTPUT LOAD (A) 0.2 02050-007 2 2.501 2.500 2.499 2.498 IL = 0.7A IL = 0.5A IL = 0.3A 0.2 IL = 0A 0.1 0 2.495 –0.05 –40 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 LOAD CURRENT (A) 0.8 1.0 02050-005 2.496 Figure 5. Output Voltage vs. Load Current –20 0 20 40 60 80 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 120 02050-008 2.497 Figure 8. Output Voltage Variation % vs. Junction Temperature 300 18 ILOAD = 1A VOUT = 2.5V ILOAD = 0A 16 250 GROUND CURRENT (mA) 200 150 100 ILOAD = 700mA 12 ILOAD = 500mA 10 ILOAD = 300mA 8 6 4 50 2 0 0 2 4 6 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 0 –40 02050-006 GROUND CURRENT (µA) 14 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 140 Figure 9. Ground Current vs. Junction Temperature Figure 6. Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage Rev. B | Page 6 of 16 160 02050-009 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) IL = 0A ADP3338 250 VOUT = 2.5V COUT = 10µF ILOAD = 1A VOUT = 2.5V 2.51 200 2.50 DROPOUT (mV) 2.49 VOLTS 150 100 4.5 50 0.4 0.6 LOAD CURRENT (A) 0.2 0.8 1.0 40 200 240 VOUT = 2.5V ILOAD = 1A 800 1000 VIN = 6V COUT = 1µF VOLTS 2.6 2.5 2 2.4 1 1 A 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 TIME (sec) 7 8 9 10 02050-011 0 0 400 600 TIME (µs) Figure 14. Load Transient Response Figure 11. Power-Up/Power-Down VOUT = 2.5V COUT = 1µF ILOAD = 1A VIN = 6V COUT = 10µF 2.6 VOLTS 2.51 200 02050-014 INPUT/OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 120 160 TIME (µs) Figure 13. Line Transient Response Figure 10. Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current 3 80 02050-013 0 02050-010 0 3.5 2.50 2.5 2.4 VOLTS 2.49 1 A 4.5 80 120 160 TIME (µs) 200 240 02050-012 40 0 200 400 600 TIME (µs) 800 Figure 15. Load Transient Response Figure 12. Line Transient Response Rev. B | Page 7 of 16 1000 02050-015 0 3.5 ADP3338 250 0 400mΩ SHORT RMS NOISE (µV) VOLTS 300 2.5 FULL SHORT A 1.5 VIN = 6V 1.0 200 150 IL = 1A 100 0.5 50 0 1.0 TIME (s) 0 0 10 VOLTAGE NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY (µV/√Hz) 0 VOUT = 2.5V CL = 1µF IL = 1A –50 –60 –70 –80 CL = 1µF IL = 0 –90 –100 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) CL = 10µF IL = 0 100k 1M 50 1M 100 10 1 CL = 1µF 0.1 CL = 10µF 0.01 0.001 10 02050-017 RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) CL = 10µF IL = 1A –40 40 Figure 18. RMS Noise vs. CL –10 –30 30 CL (µF) Figure 16. Short-Circuit Current –20 20 02050-018 0.8 02050-019 0.6 02050-016 IL = 0A 0.4 100 10k 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k Figure 19. Output Noise Density (10 Hz to 100 kHz) Figure 17. Power Supply Ripple Rejection Rev. B | Page 8 of 16 ADP3338 THEORY OF OPERATION The ADP3338 anyCAP LDO uses a single control loop for regulation and reference functions. The output voltage is sensed by a resistive voltage divider, consisting of R1 and R2, which is varied to provide the available output voltage option. Feedback is taken from this network by way of a series diode (D1) and a second resistor divider (R3 and R4) to the input of an amplifier. include the load capacitor in a pole-splitting arrangement to achieve reduced sensitivity to the value, type, and ESR of the load capacitance. Most LDOs place very strict requirements on the range of ESR values for the output capacitor because they are difficult to stabilize due to the uncertainty of load capacitance and resistance. Moreover, the ESR value required to keep conventional LDOs stable changes depending on load and temperature. These ESR limitations make designing with LDOs more difficult because of their unclear specifications and extreme variations over temperature. A very high gain error amplifier is used to control this loop. The amplifier is constructed in such a way that equilibrium produces a large, temperature-proportional input offset voltage that is repeatable and very well controlled. The temperature-proportional offset voltage is combined with the complementary diode voltage to form a virtual band gap voltage that is implicit in the network, although it never appears explicitly in the circuit. Ultimately, this patented design makes it possible to control the loop with only one amplifier. This technique also improves the noise characteristics of the amplifier by providing more flexibility on the trade off of noise sources that leads to a low noise design. With the ADP3338 anyCAP LDO, this is no longer true. It can be used with virtually any good quality capacitor, with no constraint on the minimum ESR. This innovative design provides circuit stability with just a small 1 µF capacitor on the output. Additional advantages of the pole-splitting scheme include superior line noise rejection and very high regulator gain to achieve excellent line and load regulation. An impressive ±1.4% accuracy is guaranteed over line, load, and temperature. The R1, R2 divider is chosen in the same ratio as the band gap voltage to the output voltage. Although the R1, R2 resistor divider is loaded by Diode D1 and a second divider consisting of R3 and R4, the values can be chosen to produce a temperature-stable output. This unique arrangement specifically corrects for the loading of the divider, thus avoiding the error resulting from base current loading in conventional circuits. Additional features of the circuit include current limit and thermal shutdown. VIN C2 1µF C1 1µF IN OUT GND ADP3338 02050-021 The patented amplifier controls a new and unique noninverting driver that drives the pass transistor, Q1. The use of this special noninverting driver enables the frequency compensation to Figure 20. Typical Application Circuit INPUT OUTPUT COMPENSATION CAPACITOR Q1 NONINVERTING WIDEBAND DRIVER gm VOUT ATTENUATION (VBANDGAP/VOUT) R3 PTAT VOS R1 D1 (a) R4 PTAT CURRENT RLOAD R2 02050-020 ADP3338 CLOAD GND Figure 21. Functional Block Diagram Rev. B | Page 9 of 16 ADP3338 APPLICATION INFORMATION CAPACITOR SELECTION CALCULATING POWER DISSIPATION Output Capacitor Device power dissipation is calculated as The stability and transient response of the LDO is a function of the output capacitor. The ADP3338 is stable with a wide range of capacitor values, types, and ESR (anyCAP). A capacitor as low as 1 µF is the only requirement for stability. A higher capacitance may be necessary if high output current surges are anticipated, or if the output capacitor cannot be located near the output and ground pins. The ADP3338 is stable with extremely low ESR capacitors (ESR ≈ 0) such as multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC) or OSCON. Note that the effective capacitance of some capacitor types falls below the minimum over temperature or with dc voltage. Input Capacitor An input bypass capacitor is not strictly required, but is recommended in any application involving long input wires or high source impedance. Connecting a 1 µF capacitor from the input to ground reduces the sensitivity of the circuit to PC board layout and input transients. If a larger output capacitor is necessary, a larger value input capacitor is recommended. OUTPUT CURRENT LIMIT The ADP3338 is short-circuit protected by limiting the pass transistor’s base drive current. The maximum output current is limited to approximately 2 A (see Figure 16). THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION The ADP3338 is protected against damage due to excessive power dissipation by its thermal overload protection circuit. Thermal protection limits the die temperature to a maximum of 160°C. Under extreme conditions, such as high ambient temperature and power dissipation where the die temperature starts to rise above 160°C, the output current is reduced until the die temperature has dropped to a safe level. PD = (VIN – VOUT) × ILOAD + (VIN × IGND) Where ILOAD and IGND are load current and ground current, and VIN and VOUT are the input and output voltages, respectively. Assuming the worst-case operating conditions are ILOAD = 1.0 A, IGND = 10 mA, VIN = 3.3 V, and VOUT = 2.5 V, the device power dissipation is PD = (3.3 V – 2.5 V) × 1000 mA + (3.3 V × 10 mA) = 833 mW So, for a junction temperature of 125°C and a maximum ambient temperature of 85°C, the required thermal resistance from junction to ambient is θ JA = 125°C − 85°C 0.833 W = 48°C/W PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS The thermal resistance, θJA, of the SOT-223 is determined by the sum of the junction-to-case and the case-to-ambient thermal resistances. The junction-to-case thermal resistance, θJC, is determined by the package design and is specified at 26.8°C/W. However, the case-to-ambient thermal resistance is determined by the printed circuit board design. As shown in Figure 22, the amount of copper to which the ADP3338 is mounted affects thermal performance. When mounted to the minimal pads of 2 oz. copper, as shown in Figure 22 (a), θJA is 126.6°C/W. Adding a small copper pad under the ADP3338, as shown in Figure 22 (b), reduces the θJA to 102.9°C/W. Increasing the copper pad to one square inch, as shown in Figure 22 (c), reduces the θJA even further to 52.8°C/W. 02050-022 Current and thermal limit protections are intended to protect the device against accidental overload conditions. For normal operation, externally limit the power dissipation of the device so the junction temperature does not exceed 150°C. a b c Figure 22. PCB Layouts Rev. B | Page 10 of 16 ADP3338 Use the following general guidelines when designing printed circuit boards: • Keep the output capacitor as close as possible to the output and ground pins. • Keep the input capacitor as close as possible to the input and ground pins. • Specify thick copper and use wide traces for optimum heat transfer. PC board traces with larger cross sectional areas remove more heat from the ADP3338. • Decrease thermal resistance by adding a copper pad under the ADP3338, as shown in Figure 22 (b). • Use the adjacent area to the ADP3338 to add more copper around it. Connecting the copper area to the output of the ADP3338, as shown in Figure 22 (c), is best, but thermal performance will be improved even if it is connected to other signals. • Use additional copper layers or planes to reduce the thermal resistance. Again, connecting the other layers to the output of the ADP3338 is best, but is not necessary. When connecting the output pad to other layers, use multiple vias. Rev. B | Page 11 of 16 ADP3338 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 3.10 3.00 2.90 7.30 7.00 6.70 3.70 3.50 3.30 1 0.84 0.76 0.66 1.70 1.60 1.50 0.10 0.02 2 2.30 BSC 6.50 BSC 3 1.05 0.85 16° 10° 1.30 1.10 4.60 BSC 0.35 0.30 0.23 10° MAX 16° 10° SEATING PLANE COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS TO-261-AA Figure 23. 3-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package [SOT-223] (KC-3) Dimensions shown in millimeters Rev. B | Page 12 of 16 ADP3338 ORDERING GUIDE Model ADP3338AKC-1.5-RL ADP3338AKC-1.5-RL7 ADP3338AKCZ-1.5-RL1 ADP3338AKCZ-1.5-RL71 ADP3338AKC-1.8-RL ADP3338AKC-1.8-RL7 ADP3338AKCZ-1.8-RL1 ADP3338AKCZ-1.8-R71 ADP3338AKC-2.5-RL ADP3338AKC-2.5-RL7 ADP3338AKCZ-2.5-RL1 ADP3338AKCZ-2.5RL71 ADP3338AKC-2.85-RL ADP3338AKC-2.85-RL7 ADP3338AKCZ-2.85R71 ADP3338AKC-3-RL ADP3338AKC-3-RL7 ADP3338AKCZ-3-RL71 ADP3338AKC-3.3-RL ADP3338AKC-3.3-RL7 ADP3338AKCZ-3.3-RL1 ADP3338AKCZ-3.3RL71 ADP3338AKC-5-REEL ADP3338AKC-5-REEL7 ADP3338AKCZ-5-REEL1 ADP3338AKCZ-5-R71 1 Temperature Range –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C Output Voltage (V) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.85 2.85 2.85 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 5 5 5 5 Z = Pb-free part. Rev. B | Page 13 of 16 Package Option KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 KC-3 Package Description 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 3-Lead SOT-223 ADP3338 NOTES Rev. B | Page 14 of 16 ADP3338 NOTES Rev. B | Page 15 of 16 ADP3338 NOTES © 2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. C02050–0–6/05(B) Rev. B | Page 16 of 16