Freescale Semiconductor Advance Information Document Number: MC44C404 Rev. 0.4, 2/2008 NICAM 728 - Stereo Encoder MC44C404 The MC44C404 NICAM Stereo Encoder is the industry’s first single-chip CMOS implementation of a Near Instantaneous Companding Audio Multiplex 728 (NICAM) stereo encoder. • Intended for use in set-top boxes, VCRs, DVD players/recorders, game stations, and other applications that are required to output high-quality stereo sound through a single RF coaxial cable. • Engineered to process analog audio signals to generate a QPSK modulated signal in compliance with the EN 300 163 standard. • Designed to output this signal to a Freescale RF modulator, which in turn produces a stereo encoded RF channel for use with any NICAM stereo television receiver. NICAM STEREO ENCODER Features Supports B, G, H, I, K1, L system standards NICAM digital audio processing encodes and transports stereo signals Integrated A/D converter input and D/A converter output circuitry Extended low frequency response (below 25 Hz) Simple passive interface to MC44BS373/4 UHF modulators Low power consumption - typically < 50 mW RoHS compliant EP SUFFIX 32-LEAD TQFN PACKAGE CASE 1457-01 Benefits • Preservation of original surround sound fidelity • Multi standard • Low system component count, small board size and significantly low overall system cost • No manual alignment of filters or phase controls ORDERING INFORMATION MC44C404EP 0°C to 32TQFN NC CLK4MHZ VREFP MC44C404 DVDD SYS_I DVSS DVSS ADCVSS NC QPSK OVSS NC NC Functional Block Diagram CLOCK OUT VAGO ADCVDD VINA CLOCK GENERATOR MC44C404 32TQFN Package This document contains information on a preproduction product. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2008. All rights reserved. Yes OVDD XTALOUT DVSS XTALIN C3 C4 C1 C2 DAC Yes DVSS VINB VAGO VREFM XTAL Tape & Reel NC QPSK AUDIO NC Σ∆ADC NICAM DIGITAL AUDIO PROCESSOR Package RoHS MC44C404EPR2 MC44C404 Σ∆ADC Temp. Range +70°C Reference Documentation NICAM 728: Transmission of two-channel digital sound with terrestrial television systems B, G, H, I, K1 and L. (EN 300 163 V1.2.1) AUDIO A - CHANNEL AUDIO B - CHANNEL Device VAGO OVDD • • • • • • • MC44C404 XTALOUT 27 ADCVDD 7 VINA 9 VAGO 10 22 CLK4MHZ 4 MHz XTALIN 28 Clock Generator Oscillator Σ∆ 11 OVDD ADC 15 QPSK DAC VREFP 4 VAGO 6 VREFM 5 V-REF 26 DVSS VINB 2 Σ∆ VAGO 3 ADC 25 OVDD 24 DVSS ADCVSS 21 DVDD 8 19 DVSS SYS_I 20 18 DVSS C1 32 16 OVSS C2 31 C3 30 C4 29 NICAM 728 Audio Processor Figure 1. MC44C404 Block Diagram MC44C404 2 Freescale Semiconductor OVDD XTALOUT DVSS XTALIN C3 C1 C2 ORIENTATION MARK C4 PIN DESCRIPTION DVSS NC VINB VAGO NC PIN 1 VREFP CLK4MHZ MC44C404 VREFM VAGO ADCVDD DVDD SYS_SEL DVSS DVSS ADCVSS QPSK OVSS NC NC NC VINA VAGO OVDD NC Figure 2. MC44C404 32-Lead TQFN Package Table 1. Pin Descriptions (Listed by Function) Signal Name Pin # Description Analog VINA 9 A channel input VREFP 4 ADC voltage ref. bypass plus VAGO 3, 6, 10 VREFM 5 ADC voltage ref. bypass minus VINB 2 B channel input C1 32 C2 31 Control inputs 1, 2 and 3. See Table 2, Application Control Bits for setting these application control bits. C3 30 C4 29 Control input 4 is the reserve sound switching flag. C4 = 0: The analog signal is not carrying the same program as the digital signal. C4 = 1: The analog sound signal is carrying the same program as the digital signal. SYS_I 20 Output system format select. SYS_I = 0: The output format is System B, G, H, K1 or L. SYS_I = 1: The output format is System I. QPSK 15 QPSK NICAM audio output NC 1, 12, 13, 14, 17, 23 XTALIN 28 Crystal oscillator input XTALOUT 27 Crystal oscillator output CLK4MHZ 22 4 MHz clock output for Audio/Video modulator IC ADCVDD 7 ADC analog supply voltage, 3.3 V ADCVSS 8 ADC analog ground Digital logic supply voltage, 1.8 V Analog virtual ground Digital No connection Clocks Power Supply DVDD 21 DVSS and OVSS 16, 18, 19, 24, 26 OVDD 11, 25 Digital logic/I/O ground I/O supply voltage, 3.3 V MC44C404 Freescale Semiconductor 3 Table 2. Application Control Bits C1 C2 C3 Contents of the 704-Bit Sound/Data Blocks 0 0 0 Stereo signal 0 1 0 Two independent mono sound signals 1 0 0 One mono signal and one 352 Kbits/sec data channel 1 1 0 One 704 Kbits/sec data channel X X 1 Reserved ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Table 3. Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute maximum continuous ratings are those maximum values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Exposure to these conditions or conditions beyond those indicated may adversely affect device reliability. Functional operation at absolutemaximum-rated conditions is not implied. Characteristic Digital Logic Supply Voltage Digital Output Supply Voltage Symbol Min Max Units DVDD –0.3 +2.0 V OVDD –0.3 +4.0 V ADCVDD –0.3 +4.0 V Input Voltage Vin –0.3 xVDD + 0.3 V Storage Temperature Range Tstg –55 +150 °C ADC Supply Voltage Table 4. General Specifications Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Units ESD Protection (Charge Device Model) CDM 500 — — V ESD Protection (Human Body Model) HBM 2000 — — V LU 200 — — mA Symbol Min Typ Max Units DVDD 1.62 1.8 1.98 V Latch-Up Immunity Table 5. Recommended Operating Conditions Characteristic Digital Logic Supply Voltage Digital Output Supply Voltage OVDD 2.97 3.3 3.63 V ADCVDD 2.97 3.3 3.63 V VINA, VINB — — 1.8 Vpp TA 0 — 70 °C Symbol Min Typ Max Units Digital Logic Supply Current IDVDD — 7.5 8.5 mA Digital Output Supply Current IOVDD — 2.0 8.0 mA IADCVDD — 7.0 9.0 mA ADC Voltage Ref. Bypass Plus VREFP — 2.0 — V ADC Voltage Ref. Bypass Minus VREFM — 1.0 — V VAGO — 1.5 — V CLK4MHZ, Clock Output Low @ I = 0.6 mA Vol 2.97 — — V CLK4MHZ, Clock Output High @ I = 0.6 mA Voh — — 3.63 V ADC Supply Voltage A/B Channel Input Level Ambient Temperature Table 6. DC Characteristics Characteristic(1) ADC Supply Current ADC Voltage Ref. Ground 1. Unless other wise noted: DVDD = 1.8 + 0.18 Vdc, OVDD = ADCVDD = 3.3 + 0.33 Vdc, GND = 0 Vdc, 0 < TA < 70°C MC44C404 4 Freescale Semiconductor Table 7. AC Characteristics (Test setup as shown in Figure 3, MC44C404 Typical Application Circuit for B, G and H Systems) Characteristic(1) Input Impedance (A/B Input) Symbol Min Rin Typ Max Units — 22 — KΩ QPSK Audio Output Level(2) — 0.85 — Vpp QPSK Output Level — — 2.2 Vpp 72 75 — dB THD — 0.1 0.3 % BW 20 — 14500 Hz (2),(3) Signal to Noise Ratio Total Harmonic Distortion (2),(3) -1 dB Bandwidth SNR 1. Unless other wise noted: DVDD = 1.8 + 0.18 Vdc, OVDD = ADCVDD = 3.3 + 0.33 Vdc, GND = 0 Vdc, 0 < TA < 70°C 2. Test conditions, mono, 1 kHz @ 1.5 Vpp 3. Measured in 20 Hz to 13.5 kHz bandwidth SYSTEM APPLICATION NOTES DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS When developing an application using the MC44C404 NICAM Stereo Encoder, the user can significantly improve performance by following the suggestions below. 1. There must be a notch in the video because video spectra that fall into the audio range will severely impact the audio performance. 2. A band pass filter is required on the QPSK output. Modulator Interface 3. The 4 MHz clock drive to the MC44BS373 must be filtered and the level set correctly. This can be achieved by using a Low Pass Filter (LPF), as shown in LPF1 in Figure 3, MC44C404 Typical Application Circuit for B, G and H Systems. 4. To set the application control bits see Table 1, Pin Descriptions (Listed by Function) and Table 2, Application Control Bits MC44C404 Freescale Semiconductor 5 Vin 3.3 V 3.3 V REG 1 µF 47 Ω 22 µH 1 µF 1 µF 75 Ω 0.1 µF 0.1 µF 0.1 µF +5 V 3 10 6 1 µF 4 5 0.1 µF 0.1 µF VAGO VAGO QPSK 15 8 BPF1 VAGO VREFP MC44C404 VREFM 10 15 VCCD 1 µF VCCA 13 OVDD 11 25 .022 µF TVOVCC VINB OVDD VINA ADCVDD V 2 V B Input 9 DVDD 1 µF A Input 7 21 2.2 KΩ .01 µF PLLFLT AUXIN 22 pF MC44BS373CAFC Modulator TVOUT CLK4MHZ 3 22 LPF1 12 .047 µF 14 RFOUT 1000 pF XTAL SPFLT 7 XTALOUT 20 SCL 19 2.2 KΩ I2C 27 XTALIN DVSS DVSS OVSS 28 16 18 19 C4 DVSS C3 8 28 Video Notch C2 DVSS 29 VIDEO .1 µF C1 24 31 9 SYS_I 26 32 ADCVSS V 20 V V SYS_I SDA 2.2 µF 24 MHz SIGNAL STANDARD SYS_I = 0 SYSTEMS B, G, H, L SYS_I = 1 SYSTEM I CVBS 18 pF Digital Ground V 18 pF IN Analog Ground 2 MΩ 75 Ω BPF1 - SYS_I BPF1 - PAL 1.5 KΩ 2.0 KΩ 1.5 KΩ 75 pF 1 µH 680 pF 1 µH 680 pF 1.0 KΩ 2.0 KΩ LPF1 750 Ω 33 pF 1 µH 1 µH 560 pF 1 µH 1 KΩ 560 pF 1500 pF Figure 3. MC44C404 Typical Application Circuit for B, G and H Systems MC44C404 6 Freescale Semiconductor PACKAGE DATA MC44C404 Freescale Semiconductor 7 MC44C404 8 Freescale Semiconductor MC44C404 Freescale Semiconductor 9 MC44C404 10 Freescale Semiconductor How to Reach Us: Home Page: www.freescale.com Web Support: http://www.freescale.com/support USA/Europe or Locations Not Listed: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Technical Information Center, EL516 2100 East Elliot Road Tempe, Arizona 85284 +1-800-521-6274 or +1-480-768-2130 www.freescale.com/support Europe, Middle East, and Africa: Freescale Halbleiter Deutschland GmbH Technical Information Center Schatzbogen 7 81829 Muenchen, Germany +44 1296 380 456 (English) +46 8 52200080 (English) +49 89 92103 559 (German) +33 1 69 35 48 48 (French) www.freescale.com/support Japan: Freescale Semiconductor Japan Ltd. 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