Freescale MC34726 300 ma high efficiency low quiescent current synchronous buck regulator with z-mode Datasheet

Freescale Semiconductor
Advance Information
Document Number: MC34726
Rev. 2.0, 9/2010
300 mA High Efficiency Low
Quiescent Current Synchronous
Buck Regulator With Z-mode
The 34726 is a high efficiency, low quiescent current (IQ), synchronous buck regulator, implementing Freescale’s innovative Z-mode architecture. Freescale’s Z-mode architecture greatly improves the ripple
performance during light load currents, but still maintains a low quiescent current of 65μA, at no load in “Sleepy” Z-mode.
The 34726 accepts an input voltage in the range of 2.7 to 5.5 V,
making it ideally suited for single cell Li-Ion based applications. Factory
preset output voltages, ranging from 0.8 to 3.3 V, reduce the number of
required auxiliary components. The part is able to provide 300 mA of
continuous load current across the input and the output voltage ranges.
The 34726 switches at 2.0 MHz to allow the use of small, surface
mount inductors and capacitors to save precious board space.
The 34726 is available in the small, space saving, and low cost, 2x2
UDFN-8 packages. The part is guaranteed for operation over the -25°C
to 85°C temperature range.
Features
• 94% peak efficiency
• 2.0 MHz switching frequency
• 2.7 to 5.5 V input voltage range
• Automatic transition to energy saving light load Z-mode (low ripple)
• Fixed output voltage options from 0.8 to 3.3 V
• 65 μA quiescent current during sleepy Z-mode
• 300 mA maximum continuous output current
• Internal 2.0 ms soft start
• Thermal and over-current protection
• 0.1 μA quiescent current in shutdown (disabled)
• Ultra thin 2x2 UDFN package
• Pb-free packaging designated by suffix code FC
34726
2.7 ~ 5.5V
CIN
VIN
Bottom View
FC SUFFIX (PB-FREE)
98ASA10787D
8-PIN UDFN
2X2
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
Temperature
Range (TA)
Package
Refer to Table 1,
Device Variations
-25°C to 85°C
8-UDFN
L1
FB
OFF
POWER MANAGEMENT IC
0.8 - 3.3V *
300mA
SW
EN
ON
34726
COUT
GND
Figure 1. 34726 Typical Operating Circuit
* This document contains certain information on a new product.
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2008-2010. All rights reserved.
*Programmable
See table 1
DEVICE VARIATIONS
DEVICE VARIATIONS
Table 1. Device Variations
Freescale Part No.
VIN Range
Output Voltage(1)
Maximum Load Current
Switch Frequency (MHz)(2)
MC34726AFC
2.7 - 5.5 V
1.2 V
300 mA
2.0
MC34726BFC
2.7 - 5.5 V
1.8 V
300 mA
2.0
MC34726CFC
3.6 - 5.5 V
3.3 V
300 mA
2.0
MC34726DFC
2.7 - 5.5 V
1.5 V
300 mA
2.0
MC34726EFC
2.7 - 5.5 V
2.5 V
300 mA
(3)
2.0
Notes
1. Output voltages of: 0.8 V, 0.9 V, 1.0 V, 1.1 V, 1.3 V, 1.4 V, 1.85 V, 2.0 V options available on request. Contact Freescale sales.
2. Factory programmable at 2.0 MHz or 4.0 Mhz. Contact Freescale sales for availability of the 4.0 MHz functionality.
3. The minimum input voltage must be higher than 2.8 V for 300 mA of load current.
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INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
EN
VIN
Osc.
Internal
Regulator
–
+
FB
Ref.
VIN
+
–
Buck
Controller
Thermal
Shutdown
SW (2)
Current
Limit
PWM
Ref.
–
+
UVLO
Soft Start
NC
GND (2)
Figure 2. 34726 Simplified Internal Block Diagram
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Freescale Semiconductor
3
PIN CONNECTIONS
PIN CONNECTIONS
Transparent
Top View
VIN
1
8
SW
GND
2
7
SW
GND
3
6
NC
EN
4
5
FB
2x2 UDFN-8 (Non EP)
Figure 3. 34726 Pin Connections
Table 2. 34726 Pin Definitions
A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Pin Description section beginning on page 10.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Pin Function
Formal Name
Definition
1
VIN
Input
Supply Voltage Input
2
GND
Ground
Ground
Ground
3
GND
Ground
Ground
Low noise ground
4
EN
Input
Enable
Active high enable input
5
FB
Input
Feedback Input
Feedback of the output voltage
6
NC
N/A
No Connection
Internally not connected. Connect to GND externally
7
SW
Output
Switching Node
This terminal connects to the output inductor
8
SW
Output
Switching Node
This terminal connects to the output inductor
Power input
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 3. Maximum Ratings
All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding these ratings may cause a malfunction or
permanent damage to the device.
Ratings
Symbol
Value
Unit
All pins voltages
VIN, VEN, VFB,
VSW
-0.3 to 6.0
V
ESD Voltage(1)
VESD
ELECTRICAL RATINGS
V
Human Body Model (HBM)
±2000
Machine Model (MM)
±200
THERMAL RATINGS
TA
-25 to +85
°C
Storage Temperature Range
TSTG
-25 to +150
°C
Maximum Lead Temperature(2),(3)
TPPRT
Note 3
°C
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
Junction Temperature
°C
TJ
Operating Junction Temperature
125
Maximum Junction Temperature
+150
Thermal Resistance(4)
°C/W
Junction-to-Case
RθJC
104
Junction-to-Ambient
RθJA
122
Power Dissipation
Continuous (Derate 3.0 mW/°C and over TA = 70°C)
W
PD
0.5
Notes
1. ESD testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (HBM) (CZAP = 100 pF, RZAP = 1500 Ω), and the Machine Model
(MM) (CZAP = 200 pF, RZAP = 0 Ω).
2.
3.
4.
Pin soldering temperature limit is for 10 seconds maximum duration. Not designed for immersion soldering. Exceeding these limits may
cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device.
Freescale’s Package Reflow capability meets Pb-free requirements for JEDEC standard J-STD-020C. For Peak Package Reflow
Temperature and Moisture Sensitivity Levels (MSL). Go to www.freescale.com, search by part number [e.g. remove prefixes/suffixes
and enter the core ID to view all orderable parts. (i.e. MC33xxxD enter 33xxx), and review parametrics.
Device mounted on the Freescale EVB test board per JEDEC DESD51-2.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 4. Static Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions; 2.7 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V, 0.8 V ≤ VOUT ≤ 3.3 V, -25oC ≤ TA ≤ 85oC, CIN = COUT = 4.7 μF,
L1 = 4.7 μH (See Figure 1), unless otherwise noted. The typical specifications are measured at the following conditions;
TA = +25oC, VIN = 3.6 V, fSW = 2.0 MHz with the typical operating circuit (See Figure 1), unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
VIN
2.7
-
5.5
V
Output Voltage (Factory preset)
VOUT
0.8
-
3.3
V
Output Current
IOUT
300
-
-
mA
Supply Voltage
Total Supply Current
(5)
Quiescent Current (Switching)
1.0
-
65
85
-
450
-
μA
mA
ΔVOUT
Overload and temperature
UVLO Threshold(6)
0.1
IPK
Current rising at high side
Output Voltage Accuracy (% of output voltage)
IQ
Sleepy Z-mode and ILOAD = 0 mA
Current Limit
μA
IDIS
Regulator disabled
VOUT
-3%
-
3%
VUVLO
V
VIN: 2.7 -5.5 V
VIN rising
-
-
2.7
VIN falling
2.5
-
-
Regulator operating
1.6
-
-
Regulator shutdown
-
-
0.4
-
250
-
-
350
-
-
0.5
-
Enable Voltage
High Side Power MOSFET On Resistance
VEN
RDS(ON)H
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, TA = 40°C, ILOAD = 150 mA
Low Side Power MOSFET On Resistance
%
ΔVOUT/ΔVIN
VIN = 2.7 to 5.5 V
Start-up Overshoot (% of output voltage)
mΩ
ΔVOUT/ΔIOUT
1.0 mA < ILOAD < 300 mA and VOUT = 1.8 V
Line Regulation
mΩ
RDS(ON)L
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, TA = 40°C, ILOAD = 150 mA
Load Regulation
V
%
-
0.5
-
-
3%
-
VSTO
ILOAD = 0 mA, VOUT = 1.8 V and COUT = 4.7 μF
VOUT
Thermal Shutdown Threshold (Junction Temperature)
TSTDN
-
140
-
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis (Junction Temperature)
THYSTR
-
10
-
°C
Notes
5. Maximum IDIS measured at VIN = 3.6 V and TA = 25°C.
6.
For a product with a VOUT of 3.3 V and a VIN minimum less than 3.6 V, the VOUT value will track (drop below 3.3 V) VIN down to a value
of 2.5 V, where the UVLO shutdown mechanism will activate.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 5. Dynamic Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions; 2.7 V ≤ VIN ≤5.5 V, 0.8 V ≤ VOUT ≤3.3 V, -20oC ≤ TA ≤ 85oC, CIN = COUT = 4.7 μF,
L1 = 4.7 μH (See Figure 1), unless otherwise noted. The typical specifications are measured at the following conditions;
TA = +25oC, VIN = 3.6 V, fSW = 2.0 MHz with the typical operating circuit (See Figure 1), unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic
Switching Frequency
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
(7)
fSW
1.8
2.0
2.2
MHz
(8)
DMAX
Maximum Duty Cycle
Measured from SW pin
Internal Soft-start Timer
%
95
-
100
-
2.0
-
tS
VOUT Rise Time
ms
Notes
7. fSW can be factory programmed to ±20% of nominal 2.0 MHz.
8.
The maximum duty limits the range of output voltages achievable for a given input voltage.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
VEN (10 V/DIV)
Efficiency (%)
100
Time: 500 μs/DIV
80
60
40
20
VIN=2.7V
VIN=3.6V
VIN=5.5V
0
0.1
1
IL (200 mA/DIV)
10
ILOAD (mA)
100
1000
Figure 4. Efficiency vs. Load Current
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, TA=25oC
1.00
Line Regulation (%)
VOUT (200 mV/DIV)
0.75
Figure 7. Start-up Response
ILOAD = 0 mA, VOUT=1.2 V
Time: 100 μs/DIV
ILOAD=0mA
ILOAD=100mA
ILOAD=300mA
VOUT (1.0 V/DIV)
VSW (2.0 V/DIV)
0.50
0.25
0.00
-0.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
IL (200 mA/DIV)
5.5
VIN (V)
Figure 5. Line Regulation
VIN is 2.7 V to 5.5 V and VOUT is 1.8 V, TA=25oC
Time: 5.0 μs/DIV
0.75
Load Regulation (%)
Figure 8. Sleepy Z-ModeTM Switching Waveforms
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V and ILOAD = 1.0 mA
0.50
VOUT (1.0 V/DIV)
VSW (2.0 V/DIV)
0.25
0.00
-0.25
0
VIN=2.7V
VIN=3.6V
VIN=5.5V
50
100
150
200
250
300
IL (200 mA/DIV)
ILOAD (mA)
Figure 6. Load Regulation
1.0 mA < ILOAD < 300 mA, VOUT = 1.8 V
Figure 9. Z-ModeTM Switching Waveforms
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V and ILOAD = 10 mA
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
Time: 500 ns/DIV
VOUT (1.0 V/DIV)
Time: 200 μs/DIV
VSW (2.0 V/DIV)
VOUT (AC Coupled, 200 mV/DIV)
VSW (2.0 V/DIV)
ILOAD (200 mA/DIV)
IL (200 mA/DIV)
Figure 10. CCM Switching Waveforms
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V and ILOAD = 150 mA
Time: 200 μs/DIV
Figure 12. Load Transient in Z-ModeTM
VIN = 3.6 V, ILOAD =10 to 300 mA
VOUT (AC Coupled, 500 mV/DIV)
Time: 200 μs/DIV
VSW (2.0 V/DIV)
ILOAD (100 mA/DIV)
Figure 11. Load Transient in Sleepy Z-ModeTM
VIN = 3.6 V, ILOAD =1.0 to 150 mA
VOUT (AC Coupled, 50 mV/DIV)
VSW (2.0 V/DIV)
ILOAD (100 mA/DIV)
Figure 13. Load Transient in CCM
VIN = 3.6 V, ILOAD = 150 to 300 mA
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Freescale Semiconductor
9
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
The 34726 is a high efficiency, synchronous, buck
regulator, utilizing a voltage mode control architecture with
feed forward. It is capable of providing a 300 mA load current
for output voltages of 0.8 to 3.3 V, from a single input voltage
rail between 2.7 and 5.5 V.
In a buck converter, most of the losses at high output loads
are due to conduction losses in the power train, but at light
output loads, the conduction losses are reduced and most of
the losses become switching losses. Using Freescale’s Zmode architecture, the 34726, at light output loads, will
smoothly transition into a lower switching frequency, thus
improving its efficiency.
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
SUPPLY VOLTAGE INPUT (VIN)
2.7 to 5.5 V DC power input. Bypass with a 4.7 μF ceramic
capacitor as close as possible to the VIN and GND pins.
GROUND (GND)
Ground.
ENABLE (EN)
Active high enable input. EN is over-voltage protected to
6.0 V, independent of the supply voltage. Drive with a logic
high signal (or connect to VIN) for normal operation. Drive
with a logic low signal, or connect to GND will disable the
34726.
FEEDBACK INPUT (FB)
Feedback of the output voltage.
SWITCHING NODE (SW)
This terminal connects to the output inductor. The node
internally connects the drain of both high side MOSFET and
low side MOSFET.
NO CONNECTION (NC)
Internally not connected. Connect to GND externally.
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FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION
MC34726 - Functional Block Diagram
Integrated Supply
Internal Regulator & Reference
Oscillator
Power MOSFET
Control
Thermal Shutdown
Soft Start
Undervoltage Lockout
Current Limit
Power MOSFET Driver
Integrated Supply
Oscillator
Control
MOSFET
Figure 14. 34726 Functional Internal Block Diagram
INTEGRATED SUPPLY
INTERNAL REGULATOR AND REFERENCE
The internal regulator and reference block steps down the
high input voltage to lower voltage to power all the internal
blocks, and provides the reference voltage for the other
internal blocks.
OSCILLATOR
The oscillator block provides 2.0 MHz clock signal to the
controller.
CONTROLLER
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
The thermal shutdown block monitors the die temperature.
Once the die temperature reaches its threshold, this block
turns off the device to prevent the further die temperature
rise.
SOFT-START
The soft-start block controls the output voltage ramp after
the device is enabled, to limit the in-rush current. The start-up
time is internally set to approximately 2.0 ms, and is
independent of input voltage, output voltage, or load current.
The soft-start sequence also occurs upon recovery from any
fault condition.
UVLO
The UVLO block monitors the input voltage. Once the
input voltage is lower than the falling threshold voltage, this
block turns off the device, to avoid unpredictable circuit
behavior.
CURRENT LIMIT
The current limit block monitors the inductor current. When
the peak inductor current reaches its current limit, this block
turns off the high side MOSFET, to prevent the device and
external components from damage.
POWER-MOSFET DRIVER
The power-MOSFET-driver block controls the phase of the
diver signals and enhances the drive capability of these.
POWER-MOSFET
The power-MOSFET block contains two power
MOSFETs. One is a PMOS that passes the current from the
input to the output, and the other one is an NMOS that
provides the inductor current loop when PMOS is turned off.
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11
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
Z-MODE OPERATION
The 34726 operates as a typical fixed frequency, PWM
regulator, at moderate to heavy load currents. As the load is
decreased, such that operation transitions from continuous
conduction mode (CCM) to discontinuous conduction mode
(DCM), the duty cycle is reduced until it approaches 85% of
the full load duty cycle. At this point the 34726 transitions into
Z-mode operation, where the Z-mode Factor is 0.85. In Zmode, the regulator skips pulses whenever the duty cycle is
below 85% of the CCM duty cycle. As the load decreases,
this pulse skipping reduces the switching frequency and the
switching losses thus improving efficiency. For example, if a
light load demanded a 30% duty cycle at 2.0 MHz, with Zmode this same load will require only
(0.3/0.85)2 x 2.0 MHz = 0.249 MHz switching frequency,
hence switching losses will be reduced by almost ten fold.
Figure 15 illustrates the transition to and the exit from Zmode.
VZERR
VRAMP
PWM
PWM_Ref.
Z Factor
SW
On Time
Figure 15. Z-mode Operation
SLEEPY Z-MODE OPERATION
To improve low current efficiency, the 34726 transitions
into the Sleepy Z-mode at load currents of approximately
1.0 mA and lower. This is accomplished by powering down
internal circuit blocks to lower the device’s quiescent current.
Additionally, the oscillator frequency drops to 250 kHz and
the low side switch is turned off to emulate the operation of
an asynchronous buck converter.
DETAILED FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OVER-CURRENT PROTECTION
SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION
The 34726 implements two layers of protection during
overload conditions. The first is a current limit feature to
prevent the device and external components from damage.
When the peak inductor current reaches the over-current
limit, nominally 450 mA, the high side MOSFET turns off to
provide cycle by cycle protection. If the over-current condition
persists and the die temperature surpasses the overtemperature protection (OTP) threshold, this second layer of
protection shuts down the device.
When a short-circuit condition occurs on the output, typical
regulators will tend to operate at maximum duty cycle. This
condition can saturate the inductor and produce severe peak
currents, resulting in damage to the device. The 34726
avoids this scenario by detecting output voltages below
0.5 V. Upon detection, the part re-starts continuously until the
short circuit condition is removed, or the part surpasses its
OTP threshold.
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FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
OVER-TEMPERATURE PROTECTION
To limit its operating temperature, the 34726 shuts down if
the junction temperature of the switching MOSFET
surpasses 140°C. If the junction temperature subsequently
drops to 130°C, the 34726 restarts.
SOFT-START OPERATION
To limit the in-rush current, an internal timer controls the
output voltage ramp after the part is enabled. The start-up
time is internally set to approximately 2.0 ms and is
independent of input voltage, output voltage, or load current.
The soft-start sequence also occurs upon recovery from any
fault condition.
UNDER-VOLTAGE LOCK-OUT
The UVLO threshold is set to 2.7 V for rising VIN, and to
2.5 V for falling VIN. For a VOUT of 3.3 V or 2.5 V, the VOUT
value will track VIN below 3.6 V or 2.8 V until the 2.5 V falling
VIN threshold is reached.
If the UVLO falling threshold is met, the part shuts down
and will power-up again with soft-start, when the UVLO rising
threshold is surpassed.
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Freescale Semiconductor
13
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
INPUT CAPACITOR
The input capacitor is used to minimize the input voltage
transient that may cause instability when the load transient
current is high. Typically a 4.7 μF X5R ceramic capacitor is
sufficient for most applications.
Depending on the load transient current, a larger capacitance
may be required.
INDUCTOR SELECTION
A 4.7 μH low DC resistance inductor is typically used for
the 34726 to guarantee the system stable operation.
OUTPUT CAPACITOR
For stable operation and low output voltage ripple, an X5R
ceramic capacitor of 4.7 μF minimum value is needed.
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
1.2 V OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTOR
Figure 16 shows a typical application using 34726A. CIN
and COUT are typically 4.7 μF/X5R ceramic capacitors. L1 is
typically a 4.7 μH low DC resistance inductor. The FB
connects to the output directly for monitoring the output
voltage. Normally, the EN pin connects to the input supply
directly to enable the regulator.
34726A
2.7 ~ 5.5 V
VIN
L1
SW
CIN
4.7 μF
FB
EN
ON
OFF
4.7 μH
1.2 V
300 mA
COUT
4.7 μF
GND
Figure 16. 1.2 V/300 mA DC/DC Convertor
34726
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
For the most current package revision, visit www.freescale.com and perform a keyword search using the “98A” listed below.
FC SUFFIX
12-PIN
98ASA10787D
REVISION A
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Freescale Semiconductor
15
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
FC SUFFIX
12-PIN
98ASA10787D
REVISION A
34726
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
FC SUFFIX
12-PIN
98ASA10787D
REVISION A
34726
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17
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION
DATE
DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES
1.0
5/2008
•
Initial Release
2.0
9/2009
•
•
Minor adjustments to the Ordering information and Device Variations
Updated to match the current Freescale format and style.
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
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distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and
reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of
personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized
use, even if such claim alleges that Freescale Semiconductor was negligent
regarding the design or manufacture of the part.
Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names
are the property of their respective owners.
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2010. All rights reserved.
MC34726
Rev. 2.0
9/2010
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