MOTOROLA MC33993DWB/R2 Multiple switch detection interface Datasheet

MOTOROLA
Document order number: MC33993/D
Rev 2.0, 07/2003
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
Advance Information
33993
Multiple Switch Detection Interface
The 33993 Multiple Switch Detection Interface is designed to detect the
closing and opening of up to 22 switch contacts. The switch status, either open
or closed, is transferred to the microprocessor unit (MCU) through a serial
peripheral interface (SPI). The device also features a 22-to-1 analog multiplexer
for reading inputs as analog. The analog input signal is buffered and provided on
the AMUX output pin for the MCU to read.
MULTIPLE SWITCH
DETECTION INTERFACE
The 33993 device has two modes of operation, Sleep and Normal. The Sleep
mode provides low quiescent current and enables the wake-up features of the
device. Normal mode allows programming of the device and supplies switch
contacts with pull-up or pull-down current as it monitors switch change of state.
The 33993 is packaged in the 32-pin wide-body SOIC, reducing circuit board
area. Low quiescent current makes the 33993 ideal for automotive and industrial
products requiring low sleep state currents. The internal block diagram of the
33993 is illustrated in Figure 1, page 2.
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Designed to Operate 5.5 V ≤ VPWR ≤ 26 V
Switch Input Voltage Range -14 V to VPWR, 40 V Max
Interfaces Directly to Microprocessor Using 3.3 V/5.0 V SPI Protocol
Selectable Wake-Up on Change of State
Selectable Wetting Current (16 mA or 2.0 mA)
8 Programmable Inputs (Switches to Battery or Ground)
14 Switch-to-Ground Inputs
VPWR Standby Current 100 µA Typical, VDD Standby Current 20 µA Typical
Active Interrupt (INT) on Change-of-Switch State
DWB SUFFIX
CASE 1324
32-LEAD SOICW
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
Temperature
Range (TA)
Package
MC33993DWB/R2
-40°C to 125°C
32 SOICW
33993 Simplified Application Diagram
VDD
Power Supply
LVI
VBAT
33993
VBAT
SP0
SP1
VBAT
VPWR
VDD
VDD
SP7
SG0
SG1
WAKE
SI
SCLK
CS
SO
INT
AMUX
SG12
SG13
GND
This document contains certain information on a new product.
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
© Motorola, Inc. 2003
MCU
Enable
Watchdog
Reset
MOSI
SCLK
CS
MISO
INT
AN0
5.0 V
VPWR VPWR
VPWR
SP0
16.0
mA
2.0
mA
16.0
mA
To
+
2.0 4.0 V –
SPI
Ref
mA
Comparator
SP0
SP1
SP2
VPWR, VDD, 5.0 V
VPWR
POR
Bandgap
Sleep PWR
VDD
GND
SP3
SP4
SP5
SP6
VPWR VPWR
16.0
mA
SP7
2.0
mA
5.0 V
Oscillator
and
Clock Control
SP7
16.0
mA
To
+
2.0 4.0 V –
SPI
mA Ref
Comparator
VPWR VPWR
16.0
mA
SG0
2.0
mA
VPWR
5.0 V
5.0 V
Temperature
Monitor and
Control
5.0 V
125 kΩ
VPWR
5.0 V
SG0
To
4.0 V –+
SPI
Ref
Comparator
SG1
SG2
SG3
WAKE
WAKE Control
VDD
SPI Interface
and Control
SG4
125 kΩ
INT
SG5
INT Control
SG6
VDD
SG7
MUX Interface
SG8
40 µA
CS
SG9
SCLK
VDD
SI
SG10
SG11
SG12
VPWR VPWR
16.0
mA
SO
SG13
2.0
mA
SG13
To
4.0 V –+
SPI
Ref
Comparator
+
–
VDD
Analog Mux
Output
AMUX
Figure 1. 33993 Simplified Internal Block Diagram
33993/D
2
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
GND
SI
SCLK
CS
SP0
SP1
SP2
SP3
SG0
SG1
SG2
SG3
SG4
SG5
SG6
VPWR
1
32
2
31
3
30
4
29
5
28
6
27
7
26
8
25
9
24
10
23
11
22
12
21
13
20
14
19
15
18
16
17
SO
VDD
AMUX
INT
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
SG7
SG8
SG9
SG10
SG11
SG12
SG13
WAKE
PIN FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Pin
Pin Name
Formal Name
Description
1
GND
Ground
2
SI
SPI Slave In
SPI control data input pin from MCU to 33993.
3
SCLK
Serial Clock
SPI control clock input pin.
4
CS
Chip Select
SPI control chip select input pin from MCU to 33993. Logic 0 allows data to be
transferred in.
5–8
25–28
SP0–3
SP4–7
Programmable Switches 0–7
Programmable switch-to-battery or switch-to-ground input pins.
9–15,
18–24
SG0–6,
SG13–7
Switch-to-Ground Inputs 0–13
Switch-to-ground input pins.
16
VPWR
Battery Input
17
WAKE
Wake-Up
Open drain wake-up output. Designed to control a power supply enable pin.
29
INT
Interrupt
Open-drain output to MCU. Used to indicate input switch change of state.
30
AMUX
Analog Multiplex Output
31
VDD
Voltage Drain Supply
32
SO
SPI Slave Out
Ground for logic, analog, and switch to battery inputs.
Battery supply input pin. Pin requires external reverse battery protection.
Analog multiplex output.
3.3/5.0 V supply. Sets SPI communication level for SO driver.
Provides digital data from 33993 to MCU.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
33993/D
3
MAXIMUM RATINGS
All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted.
Rating
Symbol
Value
Unit
VDD Supply Voltage
–
-0.3 to 7.0
VDC
CS, SI, SO, SCLK, INT, AMUX (Note 1)
–
-0.3 to 7.0
VDC
WAKE (Note 1)
–
-0.3 to 40
VDC
VPWR Supply Voltage (Note 1)
–
-0.3 to 50
VDC
Switch Input Voltage Range
–
-14 to 40
VDC
Frequency of SPI Operation (VDD = 5.0 V)
–
6.0
MHz
VESD1
VESD2
±4000
±200
TSTG
-55 to 150
°C
Operating Case Temperature
TC
-40 to 125
°C
Operating Junction Temperature
TJ
-40 to 150
°C
Power Dissipation (TA = 25°C) (Note 6)
PD
1.7
W
Junction to Ambient
RθJA
74
Junction to Lead
RθJL
25
ESD Voltage (Note 2)
V
Human Body Model (Note 3), (Note 4)
Machine Model (Note 5)
Storage Temperature
°C/W
Thermal Resistance
Notes
1. Exceeding these limits may cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device.
2. ESD data available upon request.
3. ESD1 testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (CZAP = 100 pF, RZAP = 1500 Ω).
4.
5.
All pins when tested individually.
ESD2 testing is performed in accordance with the Machine Model (CZAP = 200 pF, RZAP = 0 Ω).
6.
Maximum power dissipation at TJ =150°C junction temperature with no heat sink used.
33993/D
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.1 V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25 V, 8.0 V ≤ VPWR ≤ 16 V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, unless otherwise noted.
Where applicable, typical values reflect the parameter’s approximate average value with VPWR = 13 V, TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
VPWR (qf)
VPWR (fo)
VPWR (qf)
5.5
–
8.0
8.0
–
26
26
–
40
–
2.0
4.0
40
70
100
3.1
–
5.25
–
0.25
0.5
Unit
POWER INPUT
Supply Voltage
V
Supply Voltage Range Quasi-Functional (Note 7)
Fully Operational
Supply Voltage Range Quasi-Functional (Note 7)
Supply Current
IPWR (on)
All Switches Open, Normal Mode, Tri-State Disabled
Sleep State Supply Current
mA
µA
IPWR (ss)
Scan Timer = 64 ms, Switches Open
Logic Supply Voltage
VDD
Logic Supply Current
IDD
All Switches Open, Normal Mode
Sleep State Logic Supply Current
mA
µA
IDD(ss)
Scan Timer = 64 ms, Switches Open
V
–
10
20
SWITCH INPUT
Pulse Wetting Current Switch-to-Battery (Current Sink)
IPulse
12
15
18
mA
Pulse Wetting Current Switch-to-Ground (Current Source)
IPulse
12
16
18
mA
Sustain Current Switch-to-Battery Input (Current Sink)
Isustain
1.8
2.0
2.2
mA
Sustain Current Switch-to-Ground Input (Current Source)
Isustain
1.8
2.0
2.2
mA
Sustain Current Matching Between Channels on Switch-to-Ground Inputs
IMatch
ISUS(MAX) - ISUS(MIN)
ISUS(MIN)
X 100
Input Offset Current when Selected as Analog
Ioffset
Input Offset Voltage when Selected as Analog
Voffset
V(SP&SGinputs) to AMUX Output
Analog Operational Amplifier Output Voltage
–
2.0
4.0
-2.0
1.4
2.0
2.5
10
VOL
mV
–
10
30
VDD - 0.1
–
–
VOH
Source 250 µA
µA
mV
-10
Sink 250 µA
Analog Operational Amplifier Output Voltage
%
V
Switch Detection Threshold
Vth
3.70
4.0
4.3
V
Switch Input Voltage Range
Vin
-14
–
40
V
TLIM
155
–
185
°C
TLIM(hys)
5.0
10
15
°C
Temperature Monitor (Note 8), (Note 9)
Temperature Monitor Hysteresis (Note 9)
Notes
7. Device operational. Table parameters may be out of specification.
8. Thermal shutdown of 16 mA pull-up and pull-down current sources only. 2.0 mA current source/sink and all other functions remain active.
9. This parameter is guaranteed by design but is not production tested.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
33993/D
5
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.1 V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25 V, 8.0 V ≤ VPWR ≤ 16 V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, unless otherwise noted.
Where applicable, typical values reflect the parameter’s approximate average value with VPWR = 13 V, TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Input Logic Voltage Thresholds (Note 10)
VINLOGIC
0.8
–
2.2
V
SCLK, SI, Tri-State SO Input Current
0 V to VDD
ISCLK, ISI,
ISO(Tri)
CS Input Current
ICS
DIGITAL INTERFACE
INT Internal Pull-Up Current
INT Voltage
30
–
100
VDD - 0.8
–
VDD + 0.3
–
–
0.4
CIN
–
–
20
pF
–
20
40
100
µA
VDD - 0.2
–
VDD + 0.3
–
0.2
0.4
20
40
100
WAKE Voltage
4.0
4.3
5.2
–
0.2
0.4
Maximum Voltage Applied to WAKE Through External Pull-Up
V
V
V INT(low)
I WAKE (pu)
µA
V
V WAKE(high)
V
V WAKE(low)
I WAKE = 1.0 mA
WAKE Voltage
V
V INT(high)
WAKE = Open Circuit
WAKE Voltage
V
VSO(low)
I INT = 1.0 mA
WAKE Internal Pull-Up Current
µA
VSO(high)
INT = Open Circuit
INT Voltage
µA
ICS
I SO(high) = 1.6 mA
Input Capacitance on SCLK, SI, Tri-State SO (Note 11)
10
10
I SO(high) = -200 µA
SO Low-State Output Voltage
–
–
CS = 0 V
SO High-State Output Voltage
-10
-10
CS = VDD
CS Pull-Up Current
µA
V
V WAKE(max)
–
–
40
Notes
10. Upper and lower logic threshold voltage levels apply to SI, CS, and SCLK.
11. This parameter is guaranteed by design but is not production tested.
33993/D
6
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.1 V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25 V, 8.0 V ≤ VPWR ≤ 16 V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, unless otherwise noted.
Where applicable, typical values reflect the parameter’s approximate average value with VPWR = 13 V, TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
t pulse (on)
15
16
20
ms
–
5.0
16
100
200
300
–
–
10
SWITCH INPUT
Pulse Wetting Current Time
Interrupt Delay Time
Sleep Mode Switch Scan Time
Calibrated Scan Timer Accuracy
t scan
t scan timer
Sleep Mode
Calibrated Interrupt Timer Accuracy
µs
t int-dly
Normal Mode
%
t int timer
Sleep Mode
µs
%
–
–
10
–
–
10
100
–
–
50
–
–
DIGITAL INTERFACE TIMING (Note 12)
Required Low State Duration on VPWR for Reset (Note 13)
VPWR ≤ 0.2 V
Falling Edge of CS to Rising Edge of SCLK
t lead
Required Setup Time
Falling Edge of SCLK to Rising Edge of CS
ns
t SI(su)
Required Setup Time
Falling Edge of SCLK to SI
ns
t lag
Required Setup Time
SI to Falling Edge of SCLK
µs
t RESET
ns
16
–
–
20
–
–
t SI(hold)
Required Hold Time
ns
SI, CS, SCLK Signal Rise Time (Note 14)
t r (SI)
–
5.0
–
ns
SI, CS, SCLK Signal Fall Time (Note 14)
t f (SI)
–
5.0
–
ns
Time from Falling Edge of CS to SO Low Impedance (Note 15)
t SO(en)
–
–
55
ns
Time from Rising Edge of CS to SO High Impedance (Note 16)
t SO(dis)
–
–
55
ns
t valid
–
25
55
ns
Time from Rising Edge of SCLK to SO Data Valid (Note 17)
Notes
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
These parameters are guaranteed by design. Production test equipment uses 4.16 MHz, 5.0 V SPI interface.
This parameter is guaranteed by design but not production tested.
Rise and Fall time of incoming SI, CS, and SCLK signals suggested for design consideration to prevent the occurrence of double pulsing.
Time required for valid output status data to be available on SO pin.
Time required for output states data to be terminated at SO pin.
Time required to obtain valid data out from SO following the rise of SCLK with 200 pF load.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
33993/D
7
Timing Diagrams
CS
0.2 VDD
tlead
tlag
0.7 VDD
SCLK
0.2 VDD
tSI(su)
0.7 VDD
0.2 VDD
SI
tSI(hold)
MSB in
tSO(en)
tvalid
0.7 VDD
0.2 VDD
SO
tSO(dis)
MSB out
LSB out
Figure 2. SPI Timing Characteristics
VPWR
VDD
WAKE
Wake-Up From Interrupt
Timer Expire
INT
CS
Wake-Up From
Closed Switch
SGn
Power-Up
Normal Mode
Sleep
Command
Tri-State
Command
Sleep Mode
Normal
Mode
Sleep Command
Sleep Mode
Normal
Mode
Sleep Command
(Disable Tri-State)
Figure 3. Sleep Mode to Normal Mode Operation
INT
CS
Switch state change with
Switch state change with
CS low generates INT
CS low generates INT
Latch switch status
on falling edge of CS
Rising edge of CS does not
clear INT because state change
occurred while CS was low
SGn
Switch open “0”
Switch closed “1”
SGn Bit in SPI Word
1
Switch
Status
Command
0
Switch
Status
Command
0
Switch
Status
Command
1
Switch
Status
Command
1
Switch
Status
Command
0
Switch
Status
Command
Figure 4. Normal Mode Interrupt Operation
33993/D
8
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
SYSTEM/APPLICATION INFORMATION
INTRODUCTION
The 33993 device is an integrated circuit designed to provide
systems with ultra-low quiescent sleep/wake-up modes and a
robust interface between switch contacts and a
microprocessor. The 33993 replaces many of the discrete
components required when interfacing to microprocessorbased systems while providing switch ground offset protection,
contact wetting current, and system wake-up.
The 33993 features 8-programmable switch-to-ground or
switch-to-battery inputs and 14 switch-to-ground inputs. All
switch inputs may be read as analog inputs through the analog
multiplexer (AMUX). Other features include a programmable
wake-up timer, programmable interrupt timer, programmable
wake-up/interrupt bits, and programmable wetting current
settings.
This device is designed primarily for automotive applications
but may be used in a variety of other applications such as
computer, telecommunications, and industrial controls.
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
CS
SI
The system MCU selects the 33993 to receive
communication using the chip select (CS) pin. With the CS in a
logic low state, command words may be sent to the 33993 via
the serial input (SI) pin, and switch status information can be
received by the MCU via the serial output (SO) pin. The falling
edge of CS enables the SO output, latches the state of the INT
pin, and the state of the external switch inputs.
The SI pin is used for serial instruction data input. SI
information is latched into the input register on the falling edge
of SCLK. A logic high state present on SI will program a one in
the command word on the rising edge of the CS signal. To
program a complete word, 24 bits of information must be
entered into the device.
Rising edge of the CS initiates the following operation:
SO
1. Disables the SO driver (high impedance)
The SO pin is the output from the shift register. The SO pin
remains tri-stated until the CS pin transitions to a logic low state.
All open switches are reported as zero, all closed switches are
reported as one. The negative transition of CS enables the SO
driver.
2. INT pin is reset to logic [1], except when additional switch
changes occur during CS low. (See Figure 4 on page 8.)
3. Activates the received command word, allowing the
33993 to act upon new data from switch inputs.
To avoid any spurious data, it is essential the high-to-low and
low-to-high transitions of the CS signal occur only when SCLK
is in a logic low state. Internal to the 33993 device is an active
pull-up to VDD on CS.
In Sleep mode the negative edge of CS (VDD applied) will
wake up the 33993 device. Data received from the device
during CS wake-up may not be accurate.
SCLK
The system clock (SCLK) pin clocks the internal shift register
of the 33993. The SI data is latched into the input shift register
on the falling edge of SCLK signal. The SO pin shifts the switch
status bits out on the rising edge of SCLK. The SO data is
available for the MCU to read on the falling edge of SCLK. False
clocking of the shift register must be avoided to ensure validity
of data. It is essential the SCLK pin be in a logic low state
whenever CS makes any transition. For this reason, it is
recommended, though not necessary, that the SCLK pin is
commanded to a low logic state as long as the device is not
accessed and CS is in a logic high state. When the CS is in a
logic high state, any signal on the SCLK and SI pins will be
ignored and the SO pin is tri-state.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
The first positive transition of SCLK will make the status data
bit 24 available on the SO pin. Each successive positive clock
will make the next status data bit available for the MCU to read
on the falling edge of SCLK. The SI/SO shifting of the data
follows a first-in-first-out protocol, with both input and output
words transferring the most significant bit (MSB) first.
INT
The INT pin is an interrupt output from the 33993 device. The
INT pin is an open-drain output with an internal pull-up to VDD.
In Normal mode, a switch state change will trigger the INT pin
(when enabled). The INT pin and INT bit in the SPI register are
latched on the falling edge of CS. This permits the MCU to
determine the origin of the interrupt. When two 33993 devices
are used, only the device initiating the interrupt will have the
INT bit set. The INT pin is cleared on the rising edge of CS. The
INT pin will not clear with rising edge of CS if a switch contact
change has occurred while CS was low.
In a multiple 33993 device system with WAKE high and VDD
on (Sleep mode), the falling edge of INT will place all 33993s in
Normal mode.
33993/D
9
WAKE
GND
The WAKE pin is an open-drain output and a wake-up input.
The pin is designed to control a power supply Enable pin. In the
Normal mode, the WAKE pin is low. In the Sleep mode, the
WAKE pin is high. The WAKE pin has a pull-up to the internal
+5.0 V supply.
The GND pin provides ground for the IC as well as ground for
inputs programmed as switch-to-battery inputs.
In Sleep mode with the WAKE pin high, falling edge of WAKE
will place the 33993 in Normal mode. In Sleep mode with VDD
applied, the INT pin must be high for negative edge of WAKE to
wake up the device. If VDD is not applied to the device in Sleep
mode, INT does not affect WAKE operation.
VPWR
The VPWR pin is battery input and Power-ON Reset to the
33993 IC. The VPWR pin requires external reverse battery and
transient protection. Maximum input voltage on VPWR is 50 V.
All wetting, sustain, and internal logic current is provided from
the VPWR pin.
SP0–SP7
The 33993 device has 8 switch inputs capable of being
programmed to read switch-to-ground or switch-to-battery
contacts. The input is compared with a 4.0 V reference. When
programmed to be switch-to-battery, voltages greater than
4.0 V are considered closed. Voltages less than 4.0 V are
considered open. The opposite holds true when inputs are
programmed as switch-to-ground. Programming features are
defined in Table 1 through Table 6 in the Device Operation
section of this datasheet beginning on page 12. Voltages
greater than the VPWR supply voltage will source current
through the SP inputs to the VPWR pin. Transient battery
voltages greater than 40 V must be clamped by an external
device.
SG0–SG13
VDD
The VDD input pin is used to determine logic levels on the
microprocessor interface (SPI) pins. Current from VDD is used
to drive SO output and the pull-up current for CS and INT pins.
VDD must be applied for wake-up from negative edge of CS or
INT.
33993/D
10
The SGn pins are switch-to-ground inputs only. The input is
compared with a 4.0 V reference. Voltages greater than 4.0 V
are considered open. Voltages less than 4.0 V are considered
closed. Programming features are defined in Table 1 through
Table 6 in the Device Operation section of this datasheet
beginning on page 12. Voltages greater than the VPWR supply
voltage will source current through the SG inputs to the VPWR
pin. Transient battery voltages greater than 40 V must be
clamped by an external device.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
MCU INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
The 33993 device directly interfaces to a 3.3 V or 5.0 V
microcontroller unit (MCU). SPI serial clock frequencies up to
6.0 MHz may be used for programming and reading switch
input status (production tested at 4.16 MHz). Figure 5 illustrates
the configuration between an MCU and one 33993.
Serial peripheral interface (SPI) data is sent to the 33993
device through the SI input pin. As data is being clocked into the
SI pin, status information is being clocked out of the device by
the SO output pin. The response to a SPI command will always
return the switch status, interrupt flag, and thermal flag. Input
switch states are latched into the SO register on the falling edge
of the chip select (CS) pin. Twenty-four bits are required to
complete a transfer of information between the 33993 and the
MCU.
MC68HCXX
Microcontroller
33993
MOSI
SI
Shift Register
MISO
SCLK
Parallel
Ports
SO
SCLK
CS
INT
INT
33993
SI
SO
MC68HCXX
Microcontroller
Shift Register
33993
MOSI
SI
MISO
SO
SCLK
CS
INT
24-Bit Shift Register
Figure 6. SPI Parallel Interface with Microprocessor
SCLK
Receive
Buffer
To Logic
CS
Parallel
Ports
INT
MC68HCXX
Microcontroller
33993
MOSI
INT
SI
Shift Register
MISO
SCLK
Figure 5. SPI Interface with Microprocessor
Two or more 33993 devices may be used in a module
system. Multiple ICs may be SPI-configured in parallel or serial.
Figures 6 and 7 show the configurations. When using the serial
configuration, 48-clock cycles are required to transfer data in/
out of the ICs.
Parallel
Ports
INT
SO
SCLK
CS
INT
33993
SI
SO
SCLK
CS
INT
Figure 7. SPI Serial Interface with Microprocessor
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
33993/D
11
DEVICE OPERATION
Power Supply
Normal Mode
Normal mode may be entered by the following events:
The 33993 is designed to operate from 5.5 V to 40 V on the
VPWR pin. Characteristics are provided from 8.0 V to 16 V for
the device. Switch contact currents and the internal logic supply
are generated from the VPWR pin. The VDD supply pin is used to
set the SPI communication voltage levels, current source for the
SO driver, and pull-up current on INT and CS.
Application of VPWR to the IC
Change-of-Switch State (when enabled)
Falling Edge of WAKE
Falling Edge of INT (with VDD = 5.0 V and WAKE at
Logic [1])
• Falling Edge of CS (with VDD = 5.0 V)
• Interrupt Timer Expires
•
•
•
•
VDD supply may be removed from the device to reduce
quiescent current. If VDD is removed while the device is in
Normal mode, the device will remain in Normal mode. If VDD is
removed in Sleep mode, the device will remain in Sleep mode
until wake-up input is received (WAKE high to low, switch input
or interrupt timer expires).
Only in Normal mode with VDD applied can the registers of the
33993 be programmed through the SPI.
The registers that may be programmed in Normal mode are
listed below. Further explanation of each register is provided in
subsequent paragraphs.
Removing VDD from the device disables SPI communication
and will not allow the device to wake up from INT and CS pins.
• Programmable Switch Register (Settings Command)
• Wake-Up/Interrupt Register (Wake-Up/Interrupt
Command)
• Wetting Current Register (Metallic Command)
• Wetting Current Timer Register (Wetting Current Timer
Enable Command)
• Tri-State Register (Tri-State Command)
• Analog Select Register (Analog Command)
• Calibration of Timers (Calibration Command)
• Reset (Reset Command)
Power-ON Reset (POR)
Applying VPWR to the device will cause a Power-ON Reset
and place the device in Normal mode.
Default settings from Power-ON Reset via VPWR or Reset
Command are as follows:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Programmable Switch – Set to Switch to Battery
All Inputs Set as Wake-Up
Wetting Current On (16 mA)
Wetting Current Timer On (20 ms)
All Inputs Tri-State
Analog Select 00000 (No Input Channel Selected)
Figure 4, page 8, is a graphical description of the device
operation in Normal mode. Switch states are latched into the
input register on the falling edge of CS. The INT to the MCU is
cleared on the rising edge of CS. However, INT will not clear on
rising edge of CS if a switch has closed during SPI
communication (CS low). This prevents switch states from
being missed by the MCU.
Modes of Operation
The 33993 has two operating modes, Normal mode and
Sleep mode. A discussion on Normal mode begins below.
A discussion on Sleep mode begins on page 18.
Programmable Switch Register
Inputs SP0 to SP7 may be programmable for switch-tobattery or switch-to-ground. These inputs types are defined
using the settings command (refer to Table 1). To set an SPn
input for switch-to-battery, a logic [1] for the appropriate bit must
be set. To set an SPn input for switch-to-ground, a logic [0] for
the appropriate bit must be set. The MCU may change or
update the Programmable Switch Register via software at any
time in Normal mode. Regardless of the setting, when the SPn
input switch is closed a logic [1] will be placed in the Serial
Output Response Register (refer to Table 12, page 17).
Table 1. Settings Command
Settings Command
Not used
Battery/Ground Select
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
sp7
sp6
sp5
sp4
sp3
sp2
sp1
sp0
33993/D
12
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
Wake-Up/Interrupt Register
interrupt bit to logic [1] will enable the specific input to generate
an interrupt with switch change of state and will enable the
specific input as wake-up. The MCU may change or update the
Wake-Up/Interrupt Register via software at any time in Normal
mode.
The Wake-Up/Interrupt Register defines the inputs that are
allowed to wake the 33993 from Sleep mode or set the INT pin
low in Normal mode. Programming the wake-up/interrupt bit to
logic [0] will disable the specific input from generating an
interrupt and will disable the specific input from waking the IC in
Sleep mode (refer to Table 2). Programming the wake-up/
Table 2. Wake-Up /Interrupt Command
Wake-Up/Interrupt Command
Command Bits
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
sp7
sp6
sp5
sp4
sp3
sp2
sp1
sp0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
X
X
sg8
sg7
sg6
sg5
sg4
sg3
sg2
sg1
sg0
sg13 sg12 sg11 sg10 sg9
Wetting Current Register
The 33993 has two levels of switch contact current, 16 mA
and 2.0 mA (see Figure 8). The metallic command is used to set
the switch contact current level (refer to Table 3). Programming
the metallic bit to logic [0] will set the switch wetting current to
2.0 mA. Programming the metallic bit to logic [1] will set the
switch contact wetting current to 16 mA. The MCU may change
or update the Wetting Current Register via software at any time
in Normal mode.
Switch Contact Voltage
Wetting current is designed to provide higher levels of current
during switch closure. The higher level of current is designed to
keep switch contacts from building up oxides that form on the
switch contact surface.
16 mA Switch Wetting Current
2.0 mA Switch Sustain Current
20 ms Wetting Current Timer
Figure 8. Contact Wetting and Sustain Current
Table 3. Metallic Command
Metallic Command
Command Bits
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
sp7
sp6
sp5
sp4
sp3
sp2
sp1
sp0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
X
X
sg8
sg7
sg6
sg5
sg4
sg3
sg2
sg1
sg0
sg13 sg12 sg11 sg10 sg9
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
33993/D
13
Wetting Current Timer Register
The MCU may change or update the Wetting Current Timer
Register via software at any time in Normal mode. This allows
the MCU to control the amount of time wetting current is applied
to the switch contact. Programming the wetting current timer bit
to logic [0] will disable the wetting current timer. Programming
the wetting current timer bit to logic [1] will enable the wetting
current timer (refer to Table 4).
Each switch input has a designated 20 ms timer. The timer
starts when the specific switch input crosses the comparator
threshold (4.0 V). When the 20 ms timer expires, the contact
current is reduced from 16 mA to 2.0 mA. The wetting current
timer may be disabled for a specific input. When the timer is
disabled, 16 mA of current will continue to flow through the
closed switch contact. With multiple wetting current timers
disabled, power dissipation for the IC must be considered.
Table 4. Wetting Current Timer Enable Command
Wetting Current Timer Commands
Command Bits
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
sp7
sp6
sp5
sp4
sp3
sp2
sp1
sp0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
X
X
sg8
sg7
sg6
sg5
sg4
sg3
sg2
sg1
sg0
sg13 sg12 sg11 sg10 sg9
Tri-State Register
comparator on each input remains active. This command allows
the use of each input as a comparator with a 4.0 V threshold.
The MCU may change or update the Tri-State Register via
software at any time in Normal mode.
The tri-state command is use to set the SPn or SGn input
node as high impedance (refer to Table 5). By setting the
Tri-State Register bit to logic [1], the input will be high
impedance regardless of the metallic command setting. The
Table 5. Tri-State Command
Tri-State Commands
Command Bits
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
sp7
sp6
sp5
sp4
sp3
sp2
sp1
sp0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
X
X
sg8
sg7
sg6
sg5
sg4
sg3
sg2
sg1
sg0
33993/D
14
sg13 sg12 sg11 sg10 sg9
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
Analog Select Register
and 1,0 selects 16 mA. Setting bit 6 and bit 5 to 1,1 in the
Analog Select Register is not allowed and will place the input as
an analog input with high impedance.
The analog voltage on switch inputs may be read by the
MCU using the analog command (refer to Table 6). Internal to
the IC is a 22-to-1 analog multiplexer. The voltage present on
the selected input pin is buffered and made available on the
AMUX output pin. The AMUX output pin is clamped to a
maximum of VDD volts regardless of the higher voltages present
on the input pin. After an input has been selected as the analog,
the corresponding bit in the next SO data stream will be
logic [0]. When selecting a channel to be read as analog, the
user must also set the desired current (16 mA, 2.0 mA, or high
impedance). Setting bit 6 and bit 5 to 0,0 selects the input as
high impedance. Setting bit 6 and bit 5 to 0,1 selects 2.0 mA,
Analog currents set by the analog command are pull-up
currents for all SGn and SPn inputs (refer to Table 6). The
analog command does not allow pull-down currents on the SPn
inputs. Setting the current to 16 mA or 2.0 mA may be useful for
reading sensor inputs. Further information is provided in the
Applications section of this datasheet beginning on page 20.
The MCU may change or update the Analog Select Register via
software at any time in Normal mode.
Table 6. Analog Command
Analog Command
Not used
Current Select
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
6
5
16 mA 2.0 mA
Analog Channel Select
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table 7. Analog Channel
Bits 43210
Analog Channel Select
00000
No Input Selected
00001
SG0
00010
SG1
00011
SG2
00100
SG3
00101
SG4
00110
SG5
00111
SG6
01000
SG7
01001
SG8
01010
SG9
01011
SG10
01100
SG11
01101
SG12
01110
SG13
01111
SP0
10000
SP1
10001
SP2
10010
SP3
10011
SP4
10100
SP5
10101
SP6
10110
SP7
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
33993/D
15
Calibration of Timers
changes with temperature, calibration is required for an
accurate time base. Calibrating the timers has no affect on the
quiescent current measurement. The calibration command
simply makes the time base more accurate. The calibration
command may be used to update the device on a periodic
basis.
In cases where an accurate time base is required, the user
may calibrate the internal timers using the calibration command
(refer to Table 8). After the 33993 device receives the
calibration command, the device expects 512 µs logic [0]
calibration pulse on the CS pin. The pulse is used to calibrate
the internal clock. No other SPI pins should transition during this
512 µs calibration pulse. Because the oscillator frequency
Table 8. Calibration Command
Calibration Command
Command Bits
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Reset
The reset command resets all registers to Power-ON Reset
(POR) state. Refer to Table 10, page 17, for POR states or the
paragraph entitled Power-ON Reset (POR) on page 12 of this
datasheet.
Table 9. Reset Command
Reset Command
Command Bits
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
33993/D
16
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
SPI Command Summary
Table 10 below provides a comprehensive list of SPI
commands recognized by the 33993 and the reset state of each
register. Table 11 and Table 12 contain the Serial Output (SO)
data for input voltages greater or less than the threshold level.
Open switches are always indicated with a logic [0], closed
switches are indicated with logic [1].
Table 10. SPI Command Summary
MSB
Command Bits
Setting Bits
LSBI
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Switch Status
Command
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Settings Command
Bat=1, Gnd=0
(Default state = 1)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
SP0
Wake-Up/Interrupt Bit
Wake-Up=1
Nonwake-Up=0
(Default state = 1)
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
SP0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
X
X
SG8
SG7
SG6
SG5
SG4
SG3
SG2
SG1
SG0
Metallic Command
Metallic = 1
Non-metallic = 0
(Default state = 1)
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
X
X
X
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
SP0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
X
X
SG8
SG7
SG6
SG5
SG4
SG3
SG2
SG1
SG0
Analog Command
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
0
0
0
Wetting Current Timer
Enable Command
Timer ON = 1
Timer OFF = 0
(Default state = 1)
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
SP0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
X
X
SG8
SG7
SG6
SG5
SG4
SG3
SG2
SG1
SG0
Tri-State Command
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
X
X
X
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
SP0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
X
X
SG8
SG7
SG6
SG5
SG4
SG3
SG2
SG1
SG0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Sleep Command
(See Sleep Mode on
page 18)
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Reset Command
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Test Mode
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
them
flg
int
flg
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
SG8
SG7
SG6
SG5
SG4
SG3
SG2
SG1
SG0
SG6
SG5
SG4
SG3
SG2
SG1
SG0
Input Tri-State=1
Input Active = 0
(Default state = 1)
Calibration Command
(Default state uncalibrated)
SO Response Will
Always Send
SG13 SG12 SG11 SG10 SG9
X
X
X
X
X
SG13 SG12 SG11 SG10 SG9
SG13 SG12 SG11 SG10 SG9
X
X
X
X
X
SG13 SG12 SG11 SG10 SG9
SP0 SG13 SG12 SG11 SG10 SG9
16mA 2.0mA
0
0
int
int
int
scan scan scan
timer timer timer timer timer timer
Table 11. Serial Output (SO) Bit Data
Input
Programmed
Voltage on
Input Pin
SO SPI Bit
Switch to Ground
SPn < 4.0 V
1
Switch to Ground
SPn > 4.0 V
0
Switch to Battery
SPn < 4.0 V
0
Switch to Battery
SPn > 4.0 V
1
N/A
SGn < 4.0 V
1
N/A
SGn > 4.0 V
0
Type of Input
SP
SG
Table 12. Serial Output (SO) Response Register
SO Response Will
Always Send
them
flg
int
flg
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
SP0 SG13 SG12 SG11 SG10 SG9
SG8
SG7
33993/D
17
Example of Normal Mode Operation
Sleep Mode
The operation of the device in Normal Mode is defined by the
states of the programmable internal control registers. A typical
application may have the following settings:
Sleep mode is used to reduce system quiescent currents.
Sleep mode may be entered only by sending the sleep
command. All register settings programmed in Normal mode
will be maintained in Sleep mode.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Programmable Switch – Set to Switch-to-Ground
All Inputs Set as Wake-Up
Wetting Current On (16 mA)
Wetting Current Timer On (20 ms)
All inputs Tri-State-Disabled (comparator is active)
Analog select 00000 (no input channel selected)
The 33993 will exit Sleep mode and enter Normal mode
when any of the following events occur:
•
•
•
•
Input Switch Change of State (when enabled)
Interrupt Timer Expire
Falling Edge of WAKE
Falling Edge of INT (with VDD = 5.0 V and WAKE at
Logic [1])
• Falling Edge of CS (with VDD = 5.0 V)
• Power-ON Reset (POR)
With the device programmed as above, an interrupt will be
generated with each switch contact change of state (open-toclose or close-to-open) and 16 mA of contact wetting current
will be source for 20 ms. The INT pin will remain low until switch
status is acknowledged by the microprocessor. It is critical to
understand INT will not be cleared on the rising edge of CS if a
switch closure occurs while CS is low. The maximum duration a
switch state change can exist without acknowledgement
depends on the software response time to the interrupt.
Figure 4, page 8, shows the interaction between changing input
states and the INT and CS pins.
The VDD supply may be removed from the device during
Sleep mode. However removing VDD from the device in Sleep
mode will disable a wake-up from falling edge of INT and CS.
Note In cases where CS is used to wake the device, the first
SO data message is not valid.
If desired the user may disable interrupts (wake up/interrupt
command) from the 33993 device and read the switch states on
a periodic basis. Switch activation and deactivation faster than
the MCU read rate will not be acknowledged.
The sleep command contains settings for two programmable
timers for Sleep mode, the interrupt timer and the scan timer, as
shown in Table 13.
The 33993 device will exit the Normal mode and enter the
Sleep mode only with a valid sleep command.
The interrupt timer is used as a periodic wake-up timer.
When the timer expires, an interrupt is generated and the
device enters Normal mode. Table 14 shows the
programmable settings of the Interrupt timer.
Table 13. Sleep Command
Sleep Command
Command Bits
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
5
4
3
2
1
0
scan timer
18
scan timer
19
scan timer
20
int timer
21
int timer
22
int timer
23
Table 14. Interrupt Timer
33993/D
18
Bits 543
Interrupt Period
000
32 ms
001
64 ms
010
128 ms
011
256 ms
100
512 ms
101
1.024 s
110
2.048 s
111
4.096 s
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
The scan timer sets the polling period between input switch
reads in Sleep mode. The period is set in the sleep command
and may be set to 000 (no period) to 111 (64 ms). In Sleep
mode when the scan timer expires, inputs will behave as
programmed prior to sleep command. The 33993 will wake up
for approximately 125 µs and read the switch inputs. At the end
of the 125 µs, the input switch states are compared with the
switch state prior to sleep command. When switch state
changes are detected, an interrupt (when enabled; refer to
wake-up/interrupt command description on page 13) is
generated and the device enters Normal mode. Without switch
state changes, the 33993 will reset the scan timer, inputs
become tri-state, and the Sleep mode continues until the scan
timer expires again.
Table 15 shows the programmable settings of the Scan
timer.
quiescent current is calculated by integrating the normal
running current over scan period plus approximately 60 µA.
I=V/R oror0.270V/100ohm
2.7mA mA
I=V/R
0.270 V/100 =Ω=2.7
Inputs active for
Inputs active for 125 us
125
out of 32 ms
out
of µs
32 ms
I=V/R or
I=V/R
or6mV/100ohm = 60 uA
6.0 mV/100 Ω=60 µA
Table 15. Scan Timer
Bits 210
Scan Period
000
No Scan
001
1.0 ms
Temperature Monitor
010
2.0 ms
011
4.0 ms
100
8.0 ms
101
16 ms
110
32 ms
111
64 ms
With multiple switch inputs closed and the device
programmed with the wetting current timers disabled,
considerable power will be dissipated by the IC. For this reason
temperature monitoring has been implemented. The
temperature monitor is active in the Normal mode only. When
the IC temperature is above the thermal limit, the temperature
monitor will do all of the following:
Note The interrupt and scan timers are disabled in the
Normal mode.
Figure 3, page 8, is a graphical description of how the 33993
device exits Sleep mode and enters Normal mode. Notice that
the device will exit Sleep mode when the interrupt timer expires
or when a switch change of state occurs. The falling edge of INT
triggers the MCU to wake from Sleep state. Figure 9 illustrates
the current consumed during Sleep mode. During the 125 µs,
the device is fully active and switch states are read. The
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
Figure 9. Sleep Current Waveform
• Generate an interrupt.
• Force all 16 mA pull-up and pull-down current sources to
revert to 2.0 mA current sources.
• Maintain the 2.0 mA current source and all other
functionality.
• Set the thermal flag bit in the SPI output register.
The thermal flag bit in the SPI word will be cleared on rising
edge of CS provided the die temperature has cooled below the
thermal limit. When die temperature has cooled below thermal
limit, the device will resume previously programmed settings.
33993/D
19
APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Metallic/Elastomeric Switch
The 33993’s primary function is the detection of open or
closed switch contacts. However, there are many features that
allow the device to be used in a variety of applications. The
following is a list of applications to consider for the IC:
Metallic switch contacts often develop higher contact
resistance over time owing to contact corrosion. The corrosion
is induced by humidity, salt, and other elements that exist in the
environment. For this reason the 33993 provides two settings
for contacts. When programmed for metallic switches, the
device provides higher wetting current to keep switch contacts
free of oxides. The higher current occurs for the first 20 ms of
switch closure. Where longer duration of wetting current is
desired, the user may send the wetting current timer command
and disable the timer. Wetting current will be continuous to the
closed switch. After the time period set by the MCU, the wetting
current timer command may be sent again to enable the timer.
The user must consider power dissipation on the device when
disabling the timer. (Refer to the paragraph entitled
Temperature Monitor, page 19.)
•
•
•
•
•
Sensor Power Supply
Switch Monitor for Metallic or Elastomeric Switches
Analog Sensor Inputs (Ratiometric)
Power MOSFET/LED Driver and Monitor
Multiple 33993 Devices in a Module System
The following paragraphs describe the applications in detail.
Sensor Power Supply
Each input may be used to supply current to sensors external
to a module. Many sensors such as Hall effect, pressure
sensors, and temperature sensors require a supply voltage to
power the sensor and provide an open collector or analog
output. Figure 10 shows how the 33993 may be used to supply
power and interface to these types of sensors. In an application
where the input makes continuous transitions, consider using
the wake-up/interrupt command to disable the interrupt for the
particular input.
33993
VBAT
SP0
SP1
VPWR
VDD
MCU
VDD
VBAT
SP7
WAKE
SG0
SG1
VPWR VPWR
16
mA
16 mA
2.0
mA
SI
MOSI
SCLK
CS
SCLK
SO
MISO
INT
INT
CS
SG12
VPWR VPWR
Hall-Effect
Sensor
Reg
16
mA
2.0
mA
SG13
X
2.5 kΩ
IOC[7:0]
2.5 kΩ
Input Capture
Timer Port
To increase the amount of wetting current for a switch
contact, the user has two options. Higher wetting current to a
switch may be achieved by paralleling SGn or SPn inputs. This
will increase wetting current by 16 mA for each input added to
the switch contact. The second option is to simply add an
external resistor pull-up to the VPWR supply for switch-to-ground
inputs or a resistor to ground for a switch-to-battery input.
Adding an external resistor has no effect on the operation of the
device.
Elastomeric switch contacts are made of carbon and have a
high contact resistance. Resistance of 1.0 kΩ is common. In
applications with elastomeric switches, the pull-up and pulldown currents must be reduced to prevent excessive power
dissipation at the contact. Programming for a lower current
settings is provided in the Device Operation Section beginning
on page 12 under Table 3, Metallic Command.
Analog Sensor Inputs (Ratiometric)
The 33993 features a 22-to-1 analog multiplexer. Setting the
binary code for a specific input in the analog command allows
the microcontroller to perform analog to digital conversion on
any of the 22 inputs. On rising edge of CS the multiplexer
connects a requested input to the AMUX pin. The AMUX pin is
clamped to max of VDD volts regardless of the higher voltages
present on the input pin. After an input has been selected as the
analog, the corresponding bit in the next SO data stream will be
logic [0].
The input pin, when selected as analog, may be configured
as analog with high impedance, analog with 2.0 mA pull-up, or
analog with 16 mA pull-up. Figure 11, page 21, shows how the
33993 may be used to provide a ratiometric reading of variable
resistive input.
Figure 10. Sensor Power Supply
33993/D
20
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
conversion may be obtained. Using the equation yields the
following:
33993
VBAT
SP0
SP1
VPWR
ADC =
VDD
MCU
VDD
VBAT
ADC =
SP7
WAKE
SG0
SG1
VPWR VPWR
16
mA
I1
2.0 mA
2.0
mA
SG12
SI
MOSI
SCLK
SCLK
CS
MISO
INT
INT
AMUX
16
Analog Sensor
or Analog Switch mA
SG13
I2
2.0 mA
2.0
mA
R2
2.0 mA x 2.39 kΩ
x 225
ADC = 213 counts
AN0
Analog
Ports
The ADC value of 213 counts is the value with 0% error
(neglecting the resistor tolerance and AMUX input offset
voltage). Now we can calculate the count value induced by the
mismatch in current sources. From a sample device the
maximum current source was measured at 2.05 mA and
minimum current source was measured at 1.99 mA. This yields
3% error in A/D conversion. The A/D measurement will be as
follows:
ADC =
4.54 V to 5.02 V
2.39 kΩ
0.1%
2.0 mA x 2.0 kΩ
CS
SO
VPWR VPWR
R1
I1 x R1
x 225
I2 x R2
VREF(H)
VREF(L)
Figure 11. Analog Ratiometric Conversion
To read a potentiometer sensor, the wiper should be
grounded and brought back to the module ground, as illustrated
in Figure 11. With the wiper changing the impedance of the sensor, the analog voltage on the input will represent the
position of the sensor.
Using the Analog feature to provide 2.0 mA of pull-up current
to an analog sensor may induce error due to the accuracy of the
current source. For this reason, a ratiometric conversion must
be considered. Using two current sources (one for the sensor
and one to set the reference voltage to the A/D converter) will
yield a maximum error (owing to the 33993) of 4%.
Higher accuracy may be achieved through module level
calibration. In this example, we use the resistor values from
Figure 11 and assume the current sources are 4% from each
other. The user may use the module end-of-line tester to
calculate the error in the A/D conversion. By placing a 2.0 kΩ,
0.1% resistor in the end-of-line test equipment and assuming a
perfect 2.0 mA current source from the 33993, a calculated A/D
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
1.99 mA x 2.0 kΩ
2.05 mA x 2.39 kΩ
x 225
ADC = 207 counts
This A/D conversion is 3% low in value. The error correction
factor of 1.03 may be used to correct the value:
ADC = 207 counts x 1.03
ADC = 213 counts
An error correction factor may then be stored in E2 memory
and used in the A/D calculation for the specific input. Each input
used as analog measurement will have a dedicated calibrated
error correction factor.
Power MOSFET/LED Driver and Monitor
Because of the flexible programming of the 33993 device, it
may be used to drive small loads like LEDs or MOSFET gates.
It was specifically designed to power up in the Normal mode
with the inputs tri-state. This was done to ensure the LEDs or
MOSFETs connected to the 33993 power up in the off-state.
The Switch Programmable (SP0–SP7) inputs have a sourceand-sink capability, providing effective MOSFET gate control.
To complete the circuit, a pull-down resistor should be used to
keep the gate from floating during the Sleep modes. Figure 12,
page 22, shows an application where the SG0 input is used to
monitor the drain-to-source voltage of the external MOSFET.
The 1.5 kΩ resistor is used to set the drain-to-source trip
voltage. With the 2.0 mA current source enabled, an interrupt
will be generated when the drain-to-source voltage is
approximately 1.0 V.
33993/D
21
down to ground through an external resistor. The open load is
indicated by a logic [1] in the SO data bit.
VBAT
LOAD
VPWR VPWR
16
mA
1.5 kΩ
The analog command may be used to monitor the drain
voltage in the MOSFET ON state. By sourcing 2.0 mA of current
to the 1.5 kΩ resistor, the analog voltage on the SGn pin will be
approximately:
SG0
2.0
mA
SG0
AMUX
100 kΩ
4.0 V Ref
+
-
To SPI
Comparator
VPWR VPWR
16
mA
SG0
2.0
mA
SP0
16
mA
To SPI
4.0 V +Ref
Comparator
2.0 mA
VPWR VPWR
16
mA
SG13
2.0
mA
SG13
4.0 V Ref
+
-
To SPI
Comparator
Figure 12. MOSFET or LED Driver Output
The sequence of commands (from Normal mode with inputs
tri-state) required to set up the device to drive a MOSFET are
as follows:
• wetting current timer enable command –Disable SPn
wetting current timer (refer to Table 4, page 14).
• metallic command –Set SPn to 16 mA or 2.0 mA gate
drive current (refer to Table 3, page 13).
• settings command –Set SPn as switch-to-battery (refer to
Table 1, page 12).
• tri-state command –Disable tri-state for SPn (refer to
Table 5, page 14).
After the tri-state command has been sent (tri-state disable),
the MOSFET gate will be pulled to ground. From this point
forward the MOSFET may be turned on and off by sending the
settings command:
• settings command –SPn as switch-to-ground (MOSFET
ON).
• settings command –SPn as switch-to-battery (MOSFET
OFF).
Monitoring of the MOSFET drain in the OFF state provides
open load detection. This is done by using an SGn input
comparator. With the SGn input in tri-state, the load will pull up
the SGn input to battery. With open load the SGn pin is pulled
33993/D
22
VSGn = ISGn x 1.5 kΩ + VDS
As the voltage on the drain of the MOSFET increases, so
does the voltage on the SGn pin. With the SGn pin selected as
analog, the MCU may perform the A/D conversion.
Using this method for controlling unclamped inductive loads
is not recommended. Inductive flyback voltages greater than
VPWR may damage the IC.
The SP0–SP7 pins of this device may also be used to send
signals from one module to another. Operation is similar to the
gate control of a MOSFET.
For LED applications a resistor in series with the LED is
recommended but not required. The switch-to-ground inputs
are recommended for LED application. To drive the LED use
the following commands:
• wetting current timer enable command –Disable SGn
wetting current timer.
• metallic command –Set SGn to 16 mA.
From this point forward the LED may be turned on and off using
the tri-state command:
• tri-state command –Disable tri-state for SGn (LED ON).
• tri-state command –Enable tri-state for SGn (LED OFF).
These parameters are easily programmed via SPI commands
in Normal mode.
Multiple 33993 Devices in a Module System
Connecting power to the 33993 and the MCU for Sleep mode
operation may be done in several ways. Table 16 shows
several system configurations for power between the MCU and
the 33993 and their specific requirements for functionality.
Table 16. Sleep Mode Power Supply
MCU
VDD
33993
VDD
5.0 V
5.0 V
5.0 V
0V
0V
5.0 V
0V
0V
Comments
All wake-up conditions apply. (Refer to Sleep
Mode, page 18.)
SPI wake-up is not possible.
Sleep mode not possible. Current from CS pull
up will flow through MCU to VDD that has been
switched off. Negative edge of CS will put 33993
in Normal mode.
SPI wake-up is not possible.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
Multiple 33993 devices may be used in a module system.
SPI control may be done in parallel or serial. However when
parallel mode is used, each device is addressed independently
(refer to MCU Interface Description on page 11). Therefore
when sending the sleep command, one device will enter sleep
before the other. For multiple devices in a system, it is
recommended that the devices are controlled in serial (S0 from
first device is connected to SI of second device). With two
devices, 48 clock pulses are required to shift data in. When the
WAKE feature is used to enable the power supply, both WAKE
pins should be connected to the enable pin on the power
supply. The INT pins may be connected to one interrupt pin on
the MCU or may have their own dedicated interrupt to the MCU.
The transition from Normal to Sleep mode is done by
sending the sleep command. With the devices connected in
serial and the sleep command sent, both will enter Sleep mode
on the rising edge of CS. When Sleep mode is entered, the
WAKE pin will be logic [1]. If either device wakes up, the WAKE
pin will transition low, waking the other device.
A condition exists where the MCU is sending the sleep
command (CS logic [0]) and a switch input changes state. With
this event the device that detects this input will not transition to
Sleep mode, while the second device will enter Sleep mode. In
this case two switch status commands must be sent to receive
accurate switch status data. The first switch status command
will wake the device in Sleep mode. Switch status data may not
be valid from the first switch status command because of the
time required for the input voltage to rise above the 4.0 V input
comparator threshold. This time is dependant on the
impedance of SGn or SPn node. The second switch status
command will provide accurate switch status information. It is
recommended that software wait 10 ms to 20 ms between the
two switch status commands, allowing time for switch input
voltages to stabilize. With all switch states acknowledged by the
MCU, the sleep sequence may be initiated. All parameters for
Sleep mode should be updated prior to sending the sleep
command.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
The 33993 IC has an internal 5.0 V supply from VPWR pin. A
POR circuit monitors the internal 5.0 V supply. In the event of
transients on the VPWR pin, an internal reset may occur. Upon
reset the 33993 will enter Normal mode with the internal
registers as defined in Table 10, page 17. Therefore it is
recommended that the MCU periodically update all registers
internal to the IC.
Using the WAKE Feature
The 33993 provides a WAKE output and wake-up input
designed to control an enable pin on system power supply.
While in the Normal mode, the WAKE output is low, enabling the
power supply. In the Sleep mode, the WAKE pin is high,
disabling the power supply. The WAKE pin has a passive pullup to the internal 5.0 V supply but may be pulled up through a
resistor to VPWR supply (see Figure 14, page 24)
When the WAKE output is not used the pin should be pulled
up to the VDD supply through a resistor as shown in Figure 13,
page 24.
During the Sleep mode, a switch closure will set the WAKE
pin low, causing the 33993 to enter the Normal mode. The
power supply will then be activated, supplying power to the VDD
pin and the microprocessor and the 33993. The microprocessor
can determine the source of the wake-up by reading the
interrupt flag.
Cost and Flexibility
Systems requiring a significant number of switch interfaces
have many discrete components. Discrete components on
standard PWB consume board space and must be checked for
solder joint integrity. An integrated approach reduces solder
joints, consumes less board space, and offers wider operating
voltage, analog interface capability, and greater interfacing
flexibility.
33993/D
23
VDD
VPWR
VBAT
VDD
Power
Supply
33993
VBAT
VPWR
VPWR
SP0
SP1
VDD
VDD
VBAT
MC68HCXX
Microprocessor
SP7
WAKE
SG0
SG1
SG12
CS
CS
INT
INT
SI
MOSI
SO
MISO
SCLK
SCLK
AN0
AMUX
SG13
Figure 13. Power Supply Active in Sleep Mode
VPWR
VDD
VBAT
Power
Supply
33993
VBAT
SP0
VPWR
VDD
Enable
VPWR
SP1
WAKE
VBAT
VDD
VDD
MC68HCXX
Microprocessor
SP7
SG0
SG1
SG12
CS
CS
INT
INT
SI
MOSI
SO
MISO
SCLK
SCLK
AN0
AMUX
SG13
Figure 14. Power Supply Shutdown in Sleep Mode
33993/D
24
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
DWB SUFFIX
32-LEAD SOIC WIDE BODY
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 1324-02
ISSUE A
10.3
7.6
7.4
C
5
1
B
2.65
2.35
9
30X
32
0.65
PIN 1 ID
4
B
11.1
9 10.9
B
16
CL
17
A
5.15
SEATING
PLANE
32X
2X 16 TIPS
0.10 A
0.3 A B C
A
(0.29)
0.25
0.19
BASE METAL
(0.203)
R0.08 MIN
0.25
A
6
0.13
0.38
0.22
M
C A
PLATING
M
B
SECTION A-A
ROTATED 90 ° CLOCKWISE
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
NOTES:
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
2. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME
Y14.5M, 1994.
3. DATUMS B AND C TO BE DETERMINED AT THE PLANE
WHERE THE BOTTOM OF THE LEADS EXIT THE
PLASTIC BODY.
4. THIS DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH,
PROTRUSION OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH,
PROTRUSION OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED
0.15 MM PER SIDE. THIS DIMENSION IS DETERMINED
AT THE PLANE WHERE THE BOTTOM OF THE LEADS
EXIT THE PLASTIC BODY.
5. THIS DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD
FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. INTERLEAD FLASH AND
PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.25 MM PER
SIDE. THIS DIMENSION IS DETERMINED AT THE
PLANE WHERE THE BOTTOM OF THE LEADS EXIT THE
PLASTIC BODY.
6. THIS DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION
SHALL NOT CAUSE THE LEAD WIDTH TO EXCEED 0.4
MM PER SIDE. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON
THE LOWER RADIUS OR THE FOOT. MINIMUM SPACE
BETWEEN PROTRUSION AND ADJACENT LEAD
SHALL NOT LESS THAN 0.07 MM.
7. EXACT SHAPE OF EACH CORNER IS OPTIONAL.
8. THESE DIMENSIONS APPLY TO THE FLAT SECTION
OF THE LEAD BETWEEN 0.10 MM AND 0.3 MM FROM
THE LEAD TIP.
9. THE PACKAGE TOP MAY BE SMALLER THAN THE
PACKAGE BOTTOM. THIS DIMENSION IS
DETERMINED AT THE OUTERMOST EXTREMES OF
THE PLASTIC BODY EXCLUSIVE OF MOLD FLASH, TIE
BAR BURRS, GATE BURRS AND INTER-LEAD FLASH,
BUT INCLUDING ANY MISMATCH BETWEEN THE TOP
AND BOTTOM OF THE PLASTIC BODY.
GAUGE PLANE
0°
MIN
0.29
0.13
8
8°
0°
0.9
0.5
SECTION B-B
33993/D
25
NOTES
33993/D
26
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
NOTES
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
33993/D
27
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MC33993/D