Sanyo LV8772 Pwm constant-current control stepping motor driver Datasheet

Ordering number : ENA1975
Bi-CMOS LSI
LV8772
PWM Constant-Current Control
Stepping Motor Driver
Overview
The LV8772 is a stepping motor driver, which is capable of micro-step drive and supports 4W 1-2 phase excitation. It is
stepping motors used in office equipment and amusement applications.
Features
• Low on resistance (upper side : 0.3Ω ; lower side : 0.25Ω ; total of upper and lower : 0.55Ω ; Ta = 25°C, IO = 2.5A)
• Excitation mode can be set to 2-phase, 1-2 phase, W1-2 phase , or 4W1-2 phase
• BiCDMOS process IC
• Excitation step proceeds only by step signal input
• Output short-circuit protection circuit incorporated
• Motor current selectable in four steps
• Unusual condition warning output pins
• No control power supply required
Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C
Parameter
Symbol
Supply voltage
VM max
Output peak current
IO peak
Output current
IO max
Logic input voltage
VIN
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
36
tw ≤ 10ms, duty 20%
V
3.0
A
2.5
A
-0.3 to +6
V
MONI/EMO input voltage
Vmoni/Vemo
-0.3 to +6
V
Allowable power dissipation
Pd max1
1 unit
3.0
W
Pd max2
*
5.4
W
Operating temperature
Topr
-20 to +85
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55 to +150
°C
* Specified circuit board : 90.0mm×90.0mm×1.6mm, glass epoxy 2-layer board, with backside mounting.
Caution 1) Absolute maximum ratings represent the value which cannot be exceeded for any length of time.
Caution 2) Even when the device is used within the range of absolute maximum ratings, as a result of continuous usage under high temperature, high current, high
voltage, or drastic temperature change, the reliability of the IC may be degraded. Please contact us for the further details.
Any and all SANYO Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. products described or contained herein are, with regard to
"standard application", intended for the use as general electronics equipment. The products mentioned herein
shall not be intended for use for any "special application" (medical equipment whose purpose is to sustain life,
aerospace instrument, nuclear control device, burning appliances, transportation machine, traffic signal system,
safety equipment etc.) that shall require extremely high level of reliability and can directly threaten human lives
in case of failure or malfunction of the product or may cause harm to human bodies, nor shall they grant any
guarantee thereof. If you should intend to use our products for new introduction or other application different
from current conditions on the usage of automotive device, communication device, office equipment, industrial
equipment etc. , please consult with us about usage condition (temperature, operation time etc.) prior to the
intended use. If there is no consultation or inquiry before the intended use, our customer shall be solely
responsible for the use.
Specifications of any and all SANYO Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. products described or contained herein stipulate
the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products in the independent state, and are not
guarantees of the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products as mounted in the
customer's products or equipment. To verify symptoms and states that cannot be evaluated in an independent
device, the customer should always evaluate and test devices mounted in the customer ' s products or
equipment.
90711 SY 20110902-S00001 No.A1975-1/17
LV8772
Allowable Operating Ratings at Ta = 25°C
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
Supply voltage range
VM
9 to 32
V
Logic input voltage
VIN
0 to 5.5
V
VREF input voltage range
VREF
0 to 3
V
Electrical Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VM = 24V, VREF = 1.5V
Parameter
Standby mode current drain
Symbol
IMst
Conditions
Ratings
min
typ
ST = “L”
Unit
max
100
400
μA
mA
Current drain
IM
ST = “H”, with no load
3.2
5
VREG5 output voltage
Vreg5
IO = -1mA
4.5
5
5.5
V
Thermal shutdown temperature
TSD
Design guarantee
150
180
200
°C
Thermal hysteresis width
ΔTSD
Design guarantee
Ronu
IO = 2.5A, Upper-side on resistance
0.3
0.4
Ω
Rond
IO = 2.5A, Lower-side on resistance
0.25
0.33
Ω
50
μA
1.2
1.4
V
4
8
12
μA
30
50
70
μA
0.8
V
°C
40
Motor driver
Output on resistance
Output leakage current
IOleak
Diode forward voltage
VD
ID = -2.5A
Logic pin input current
IINL
VIN = 0.8V
IINH
VIN = 5V
Logic high-level input voltage
VINH
Logic low-level input voltage
VINL
Current setting
4W1-2-phase
Vtdac0_4W
comparator
drive
2.0
Step 0 (When initialized : channel 1
V
0.291
0.3
0.309
V
comparator level)
threshold
Vtdac1_4W
Step 1 (Initial state+1)
0.291
0.3
0.309
V
voltage
Vtdac2_4W
Step 2 (Initial state+2)
0.285
0.294
0.303
V
Vtdac3_4W
Step 3 (Initial state+3)
0.279
0.288
0.297
V
Vtdac4_4W
Step 4 (Initial state+4)
0.267
0.276
0.285
V
Vtdac5_4W
Step 5 (Initial state+5)
0.255
0.264
0.273
V
Vtdac6_4W
Step 6 (Initial state+6)
0.240
0.249
0.258
V
Vtdac7_4W
Step 7 (Initial state+7)
0.222
0.231
0.240
V
Vtdac8_4W
Step 8 (Initial state+8)
0.201
0.210
0.219
V
(current step
switching)
W1-2-phase
Vtdac9_4W
Step 9 (Initial state+9)
0.180
0.189
0.198
V
Vtdac10_4W
Step 10 (Initial state+10)
0.157
0.165
0.173
V
Vtdac11_4W
Step 11 (Initial state+11)
0.134
0.141
0.148
V
Vtdac12_4W
Step 12 (Initial state+12)
0.107
0.114
0.121
V
Vtdac13_4W
Step 13 (Initial state+13)
0.080
0.087
0.094
V
Vtdac14_4W
Step 14 (Initial state+14)
0.053
0.060
0.067
V
Vtdac15_4W
Step 15 (Initial state+15)
0.023
0.030
0.037
V
Vtdac0_W
Step 0 (When initialized : channel 1
0.291
0.3
0.309
V
V
drive
1-2 phase drive
comparator level)
Vtdac4_W
Step 4 (Initial state+1)
0.267
0.276
0.285
Vtdac8_W
Step 8 (Initial state+2)
0.201
0.21
0.219
V
Vtdac12_W
Step 12 (Initial state+3)
0.107
0.114
0.121
V
Vtdac0_H
Step 0 (When initialized : channel 1
0.291
0.3
0.309
V
comparator level)
Vtdac8_H
Step 8 (Initial state+1)
0.201
0.21
0.219
V
Vtdac8_F
Step 8' (When initialized : channel 1
0.291
0.3
0.309
V
Current setting comparator
Vtatt00
ATT1 = L, ATT2 = L
0.291
0.3
0.309
V
threshold voltage
Vtatt01
ATT1 = H, ATT2 = L
0.232
0.24
0.248
V
Vtatt10
ATT1 = L, ATT2 = H
0.143
0.15
0.157
V
Vtatt11
ATT1 = H, ATT2 = H
0.053
0.06
0.067
Chopping frequency
Fchop
Cchop = 180pF
45
55
65
kHz
CHOP pin charge/discharge current
Ichop
7
10
13
μA
2 phase drive
comparator level)
(current attenuation rate switching)
V
Continued on next page.
No.A1975-2/17
LV8772
Continued from preceding page.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
min
typ
max
Unit
Chopping oscillation circuit
Vtup
0.8
1
1.2
V
threshold voltage
Vtdown
0.4
0.5
0.6
V
VREF pin input current
Iref
VREF = 1.5V
MONI pin saturation voltage
Vsatmon
Imoni = 1mA
μA
-0.5
400
mV
28.7
29.8
V
200
500
μS
125
150
kHz
400
mV
Charge pump
VG output voltage
VG
28
Rise time
tONG
VG = 0.1μF, CP1-CP2 = 0.1μF,
ST = “H” →VG = VM+4V
Oscillator frequency
Fosc
90
Output short-circuit protection
EMO pin saturation voltage
Vsatemo
Iemo = 1mA
Package Dimensions
unit : mm (typ)
3147C
15
12.7
11.2
8.4
28
0.4
R1.7
1
14
20.0
4.0
4.0
26.75
(1.81)
0.6
1.78
1.0
SANYO : DIP28H(500mil)
Pd max - Ta
Allowable power dissipation, Pd max - W
7.0
6.0
5.4
5.0
With substrate
2.20
3.0
1 unit
2.8
2.0
1.5
1.0
0
—20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Ambient temperature, Ta - C
No.A1975-3/17
+
-
SGND
VREF
VREG5
MONI
PGND
VM
LVS
TSD
+
-
CHOP
Oscillation
circuit
Regulator
ATT2
Attenuator
(4 levels
selectable)
ST ATT1
Charge pump
Output preamplifier stage
RF1
Current
selection
(4W1-2/
W1-2/1-2/2)
+
OUT A
OUT B VM
VM2 OUT2A
RF2
+
Current
selection
(4W1-2/
W1-2/1-2/2)
OUT2B
MD1 MD2 FR STEP RST
Output control logic
Output preamplifier stage
VG
Output preamplifier stage
CP1
Output preamplifier stage
CP2
EMO
LV8772
Block Diagram
No.A1975-4/17
LV8772
Pin Assignment
VM
1
28
CP2
VG
2
27
CP1
OUT1A
3
26
VREG5
PGND
4
25
ATT2
VM1
5
24
ATT1
RF1
6
23
EMO
OUT1B
7
22
CHOP
21
MONI
LV8772
OUT2A
8
RF2
9
20 RST
VM2
10
19 STEP
PGND
11
18 FR
OUT2B
12
17
GND
13
16 MD1
VREF
14
15
MD2
ST
Top view
Pin Functions
Pin No.
Pin Name
Pin Functtion
25
ATT2
Motor holding current switching pin.
24
ATT1
Motor holding current switching pin.
20
RST
RESET input pin
19
STEP
STEP signal input pin
18
FR
CW / CCW signal input pin
17
MD2
Excitation mode switching pin 2
16
MD1
Excitation mode switching pin 1
Equivalent Circuit
VREG5
GND
15
ST
Chip enable pin.
VREG5
GND
Continued on next page.
No.A1975-5/17
LV8772
Continued from preceding page.
Pin No.
Pin Name
Pin Functtion
12
OUT2B
Channel 2 OUTB output pin.
4/11
PGND
Power system ground.
10
VM2
Channel 2 motor power supply
9
RF2
8
OUT2A
Channel 2 OUTA output pin.
7
OUT1B
Channel 1 OUTB output pin.
6
RF1
Channel 1 current-sense resistor
5
VM1
Channel 1 motor power supply pin.
3
OUT1A
Channel 1 OUTA output pin
Equivalent Circuit
5
10
connection pin.
Channel 2 current-sense resistor
connection pin.
3 8
7 12
connection pin.
4 11
6
9
GND
2
VG
Charge pump capacitor connection pin.
1
VM
Motor power supply connection pin.
28
CP2
Charge pump capacitor connection pin.
27
CP1
Charge pump capacitor connection pin
27
1
28
2
VREG5
GND
14
VREF
Constant current control reference
voltage input pin
VREG5
GND
26
VREG5
Internal power supply capacitor
connection pin
VM
GND
Continued on next page.
No.A1975-6/17
LV8772
Continued from preceding page.
Pin No.
23
Pin Name
EMO
Pin Functtion
Equivalent Circuit
Output short-circuit state warning output
VREG5
pin.
21
MONI
Position detection monitor pin.
GND
22
CHOP
Chopping frequency setting capacitor
connection pin
VREG5
GND
No.A1975-7/17
LV8772
Description of operation
Input Pin Function
(1) Chip enable function
This IC is switched between standby and operating mode by setting the ST pin. In standby mode, the IC is set to
power-save mode and all logic is reset. In addition, the internal regulator circuit and charge pump circuit do not
operate in standby mode.
ST
Mode
Internal regulator
Low or Open
Standby mode
Standby
Charge pump
Standby
High
Operating mode
Operating
Operating
Stepping mode drive method
(1) STEP pin function
Input
Operating mode
ST
STP
Low
*
Standby mode
High
Excitation step proceeds
High
Excitation step is kept
(2) Excitation mode setting function
MD1
MD2
Excitation mode
Initial position
Channel 1
Channel 2
Low
Low
2 phase excitation
100%
-100%
High
Low
1-2 phase excitation
100%
0%
Low
High
W1-2 phase excitation
100%
0%
High
High
4W1-2 phase excitation
100%
0%
This is the initial position of each excitation mode in the initial state after power-on and when the counter is reset.
(3) Position detection monitoring function
The MONI position detection monitoring pin is of an open drian type.
When the excitation position is in the initial position, the MONI output is placed in the ON state.
(Refer to "Examples of current waveforms in each of the excitation modes.")
(4) Setting constant-current control reference current
This IC is designed to automatically exercise PWM constant-current chopping control for the motor current by setting
the output current. Based on the voltage input to the VREF pin and the resistance connected between RF and GND,
the output current that is subject to the constant-current control is set using the calculation formula below :
IOUT = (VREF/5)/RF resistance
* The above setting is the output current at 100% of each excitation mode.
The voltage input to the VREF pin can be switched to four-step settings depending on the statuses of the two inputs,
ATT1 and ATT2. This is effective for reducing power consumption when motor holding current is supplied.
Attenuation function for VREF input voltage
ATT1
ATT2
Current setting reference voltage attenuation ratio
Low
Low
100%
High
Low
80%
Low
High
50%
High
High
20%
The formula used to calculate the output current when using the function for attenuating the VREF input voltage is
given below.
IOUT = (VREF/5) × (attenuation ratio)/RF resistance
No.A1975-8/17
LV8772
Example : At VREF of 1.5V, a reference voltage setting of 100% [(ATT1, ATT2) = (L, L)] and an RF resistance of
0.22Ω, the output current is set as shown below.
IOUT = 1.5V/5 × 100%/0.22Ω = 1.36A
If, in this state, (ATT1, ATT2) is set to (H, H), IOUT will be as follows :
IOUT = 1.36A × 20% = 272mA
In this way, the output current is attenuated when the motor holding current is supplied so that power can
be conserved.
(5) Blanking period
If, when exercising PWM constant-current chopping control over the motor current, the mode is switched from decay
to charge, the recovery current of the parasitic diode may flow to the current sensing resistance, causing noise to be
carried on the current sensing resistance pin, and this may result in erroneous detection. To prevent this erroneous
detection, a blanking period is provided to prevent the noise occurring during mode switching from being received.
During this period, the mode is not switched from charge to decay even if noise is carried on the current sensing
resistance pin.
This IC is the blanking time is fixed at approximately 1μs.
(6) Reset function
RST
Operating mode
Low
Normal operation
High
Reset state
RST
RESET
STEP
MONI
1ch output
0%
2ch output
Initial state
When the RST pin is set to High, the excitation position of the output is forcibly set to the initial state, and the MONI
output is placed in the ON state. When RST is then set to Low, the excitation position is advanced by the next STEP
input.
No.A1975-9/17
LV8772
(7) Forward/reverse switching function
FR
Operating mode
Low
Clockwise (CW)
High
Counter-clockwise (CCW)
FR
CW mode
CCW mode
CW mode
STEP
Excitation position
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(5)
1ch output
2ch output
The internal D/A converter proceeds by one bit at the rising edge of the input STEP pulse.
In addition, CW and CCW mode are switched by setting the FR pin.
In CW mode, the channel 2 current phase is delayed by 90° relative to the channel 1 current.
In CCW mode, the channel 2 current phase is advanced by 90° relative to the channel 1 current.
(8) Chopping frequency setting
For constant-current control, this IC performs chopping operations at the frequency determined by the capacitor
(Cchop) connected between the CHOP pin and GND.
The chopping frequency is set as shown below by the capacitor (Cchop) connected between the CHOP pin and GND.
Fchop = Ichop/ (Cchop × Vtchop × 2) (Hz)
Ichop : Capacitor charge/discharge current, typ 10μA
Vtchop : Charge/discharge hysteresis voltage (Vtup-Vtdown), typ 0.5V
For instance, when Cchop is 180pF, the chopping frequency will be as follows :
Fchop = 10μA/ (180pF × 0.5V × 2) = 55kHz
No.A1975-10/17
LV8772
(9) Output current vector locus (one step is normalized to 90 degrees)
Channeel 1 Phase vurrent ratio(%)
100.0
66.7
33.3
0.0
0.0
33.3
66.7
100.0
Channeel 2 Phase vurrent ratio(%)
Setting current ration in each excitation mode
STEP
4W1-2 phase (%)
Channel 1
W1-2 phase (%)
Channel 2
Channel 1
θ0
100
0
θ1
100
10
θ2
98
20
θ3
96
29
θ4
92
38
θ5
88
47
θ6
83
55
θ7
77
63
θ8
70
70
θ9
63
77
θ10
55
83
θ11
47
88
θ12
38
92
θ13
29
96
θ14
20
98
θ15
10
100
θ16
0
100
1-2 phase (%)
Channel 2
Channel 1
100
0
92
38
70
70
38
92
0
100
2-phase (%)
Channel 2
Channel 1
100
0
70
70
0
100
100
Channel 2
100
No.A1975-11/17
LV8772
(10) Typical current waveform in each excitation mode
2-phase excitation (CW mode)
STEP
MONI
(%)
100
l1
0
-100
(%)
100
I2
0
-100
1-2 phase excitation (CW mode)
STEP
MONI
(%)
100
I1
0
-100
(%)
100
I2
0
-100
No.A1975-12/17
LV8772
W1-2 phase excitation (CW mode)
STEP
MONI
(%)
100
I1
0
-100
(%)
100
I2
0
-100
4W1-2 phase excitation (CW mode)
STEP
MONI
[%]
100
50
I1
0
-50
-100
[%]
100
50
I2
0
-50
-100
No.A1975-13/17
LV8772
(11) Current control operation specification
(Sine wave increasing direction)
STEP
Set current
Set current
Coil current
Forced CHARGE
section
fchop
Current mode CHARGE
SLOW
FAST
CHARGE
SLOW
FAST
(Sine wave decreasing direction)
STEP
Set current
Coil current
Forced CHARGE
section
Set current
fchop
Current mode CHARGE
SLOW
FAST
Forced CHARGE
section
FAST
CHARGE
SLOW
In each current mode, the operation sequence is as described below :
• At rise of chopping frequency, the CHARGE mode begins. (In the time defined as the “blanking time,” the CHARGE
mode is forced regardless of the magnitude of the coil current (ICOIL) and set current (IREF).)
• The coil current (ICOIL) and set current (IREF) are compared in this blanking time.
When (ICOIL < IREF) state exists ;
The CHARGE mode up to ICOIL ≥ IREF, then followed by changeover to the SLOW DECAY mode, and
finally by the FAST DECAY mode for approximately 1μs.
When (ICOIL < IREF) state does not exist ;
The FAST DECAY mode begins. The coil current is attenuated in the FAST DECAY mode till one cycle of
chopping is over.
Above operations are repeated. Normally, the SLOW (+FAST) DECAY mode continues in the sine wave increasing
direction, then entering the FAST DECAY mode till the current is attenuated to the set level and followed by the SLOW
DECAY mode.
No.A1975-14/17
LV8772
Output short-circuit protection function
This IC incorporates an output short-circuit protection circuit that, when the output has been shorted by an event such
as shorting to power or shorting to ground, sets the output to the standby mode and turns on the warning output in
order to prevent the IC from being damaged.
This function sets the output to the standby mode for both channels by detecting the short-circuiting in one of the
channels.
(1) Output short-circuit protection method
The output short-circuit protection method of LV8772 is a latch method to turn off the output when the output current
exceeds the detection current, and to maintain the state.
The detection of the output short-circuited state by the IC causes the output short-circuit protection circuit to be
activated.
All the outputs of correspondence ch side where the short-circuit was first detected are switched to the standby mode
when the short-circuit is the consecutive between internal timers (approximately 4μs), and the state is maintained.
This state is released by setting ST to low.
H-bridge
output state
Short-circuit
detection state
Output ON
Short- Release
circuit
Standby state
Short-circuit
Internal counter
1st counter
start
1st counter 1st counter
stop
start
1st counter
end
(2) Unusual condition warning output pins (EMO)
The LV8772 is provided with the EMO pin which notifies the CPU of an unusual condition if the protection circuit
operates by detecting an unusual condition of the IC. This pin is of the open-drain output type and when an unusual
condition is detected, the EMO output is placed in the ON (EMO = Low) state.
Furthermore, the EMO pin is placed in the ON state when one of the following conditions occurs.
1. Shorting-to-power, shorting-to-ground, or shorting-to-load occurs at the output pin and the output short-circuit
protection circuit is activated.
2. The IC junction temperature rises and the thermal protection circuit is activated.
No.A1975-15/17
LV8772
Charge Pump Circuit
When the ST pin is set High, the charge pump circuit operates and the VG pin voltage is boosted from the VM voltage
to the VM + VREG5 voltage. If the VG pin voltage is not boosted sufficiently, the output cannot be controlled, so be
sure to provide a wait time of tONG or more after setting the ST pin High before starting to drive the motor.
ST
VG pin voltage
VM+VREG5
VM+4V
VM
tONG
VG Pin Voltage Schematic View
No.A1975-16/17
LV8772
Application Circuit Example
• Stepping motor driver circuit
24V
- +
1 VM
CP2 28
2
VG
CP1 27
3
OUT1A
4
PGND
ATT2 25
5
VM1
ATT1 24
6
RF1
EMO 23
M
8
OUT2A
9
RF2
10 VM2
11 PGND
- +
LV8772
7 OUT1B
VREG5 26
CHOP 22
MONI 21
180pF
Position detection
monitor
RST 20
STEP 19
Clock input
FR 18
12 OUT2B
MD2 17
13 GND
MD1 16
14 VREF
Short-circuit state
detection monitor
Logic input
ST 15
1.5V
The formulae for setting the constants in the examples of the application circuits above are as follows :
Constant current (100%) setting
When VREF = 1.5V
IOUT = VREF/5/RF resistance
= 1.5V/5/0.22Ω = 1.36A
Chopping frequency setting
Fchop = Ichop/ (Cchop × Vtchop × 2)
= 10μA/ (180pF × 0.5V × 2) = 55kHz
SANYO Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using
products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition
ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all SANYO Semiconductor Co.,Ltd.
products described or contained herein.
SANYO Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. strives to supply high-quality high-reliability products, however, any and all
semiconductor products fail or malfunction with some probability. It is possible that these probabilistic failures or
malfunction could give rise to accidents or events that could endanger human lives, trouble that could give rise
to smoke or fire, or accidents that could cause damage to other property. When designing equipment, adopt
safety measures so that these kinds of accidents or events cannot occur. Such measures include but are not
limited to protective circuits and error prevention circuits for safe design, redundant design, and structural
design.
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This catalog provides information as of September, 2011. Specifications and information herein are subject
to change without notice.
PS No.A1975-17/17