www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 FEATURES DESCRIPTION D Qualification in Accordance With AEC-Q100(1) The INA139 and INA169 are high-side, unipolar, current shunt monitors. Wide input common-mode voltage range, high-speed, low quiescent current, and tiny TSSOP−8 and SOT23 packaging enable use in a variety of applications. D Qualified for Automotive Applications D Customer-Specific Configuration Control Can Be Supported Along With Major-Change Approval D ESD Protection Exceeds 2000 V Per MIL-STD-883, Method 3015; Exceeds 200 V Using Machine Model (C = 200 pF, R = 0) D Complete Unipolar High−Side Current Measurement Circuit D Wide Supply And Common−Mode Range − INA139: 2.7 V to 40 V − INA169: 2.7 V to 60 V D Independent Supply and Input Common-Mode Voltages D Single Resistor Gain Set Input common-mode and power-supply voltages are independent and can range from 2.7 V to 40 V for the INA139 and 2.7 V to 60 V for the INA169. Quiescent current is only 60 µA, which permits connecting the power supply to either side of the current measurement shunt with minimal error. The device converts a differential input voltage to a current output. This current is converted back to a voltage with an external load resistor that sets any gain from 1 to over 100. Although designed for current shunt measurement, the circuit invites creative applications in measurement and level shifting. Both the INA139 and INA169 are available in TSSOP−8 and SOT23−5 and are specified for the −40°C to +125°C temperature range. PW PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) D Low Quiescent Current (60 mA Typ) D Wide Temperature Range: −405C to +1255C D TSSOP−8 and SOT23−5 Packages APPLICATIONS VIN− VIN+ NC GND 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 V+ NC OUT NC NC − No internal connection D Current Shunt Measurement: − Automotive, Telephone, Computers D Portable And Battery-Backup Systems D Battery Chargers D Power Management D Cell Phones D Precision Current Source DBV PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) VIN+ GND 3 OUT 2 4 VIN− 1 5 V+ (1) Contact Texas Instruments for details. Q100 qualification data available on request. Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. !"# $"%&! '#( '"! ! $#!! $# )# # #* "# '' +,( '"! $!#- '# #!#&, !&"'# #- && $##( Copyright 2003 − 2004, Texas Instruments Incorporated www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. IS RS VIN+ Up to 60V 2 1 VIN+ VIN− 1kΩ Load 1kΩ V+ 8 OUT GND 4 VO = ISR SRL/1kΩ 6 RL ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE DESIGNATOR(1) SPECIFIED TEMPERATURE RANGE PACKAGE MARKING TRANSPORT MEDIA, QUANTITY TSSOP−8 PW −40°C to +125°C INA139 Tape and Reel, 2000 SOT23−5 DBV −40°C to +125°C 39Q Tape and Reel, 3000 TSSOP−8 PW −40°C to +125°C INA169 Tape and Reel, 2000 69Q Tape and Reel, 3000 PRODUCT PACKAGE−LEAD INA139QPWRQ1 INA139NA/3KQ1 INA169QPWRQ1 INA169NA/3KQ1 SOT23−5 DBV −40°C to +125°C (1) For the most current specification and package information, see our web site at www.ti.com. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range unless otherwise noted(1) Supply voltage, V+ Analog inputs, VIN+, VIN− , Common mode INA139-Q1 −0.3 V to 60 V INA169-Q1 −0.3 V to 75 V INA139-Q1 −0.3 V to 60 V INA169-Q1 −0.3 V to 75 V Analog inputs, (VIN+) − (VIN−), Differential −40 V to 2 V Analog output, out −0.3 V to 40 V Operating temperature −55°C to 125°C Storage temperature −65°C to 150°C Junction temperature Thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient, RΘJA JA Lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) 150°C PW package 150°C/W DBV package 200°C/W 260°C (1) Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2 www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA = −40°C to 125°C, VS = 5 V, VIN+ = 12 V, and ROUT = 25 kΩ unless otherwise noted PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 100 500 mV INPUT Full-scale sense voltage VSENSE = VIN+ − VIN− Common-mode input range (VIN+) Common-mode rejection VIN+ = 2.7 V to 40 V, VSENSE = 50 mV VIN+ = 2.7 V to 60 V, VSENSE = 50 mV INA139 2.7 40 INA169 2.7 60 INA139 100 115 INA169 100 120 dB Offset voltage(1) RTI "0.2 Offset voltage vs temperature Offset voltage vs power supply, V+ "2 mV µV/°C 1 V+ = 2.7 V to 40 V, VSENSE = 50 mV V+ = 2.7 V to 60 V, VSENSE = 50 mV V INA139 0.5 10 INA169 0.1 10 µV/V Input bias current µA 10 OUTPUT Transconductance Transconductance vs temperature VSENSE =10 mV − 150 mV VSENSE =100 mV Nonlinearity error VSENSE =10 mV to 150 mV Total output error VSENSE =100 mV 980 Voltage output swing to power supply, V+ Voltage output swing to common mode, VCM FREQUENCY RESPONSE Settling time (0.1%) 5 V step 1020 10 Output impedance Bandwidth 1000 µA/V nA/°C "0.01 % "0.2% "0.5% "2% 1 GΩ 5 pF (V+) − 0.9 (V+) − 1.2 V VCM − 0.6 VCM − 1 V ROUT = 10 kΩ ROUT = 20 kΩ 440 ROUT = 10 kΩ ROUT = 20 kΩ 2.5 kHz 220 µs 5 NOISE Output-current noise density Total output-current noise BW = 100 kHz 20 pA/√Hz 7 nA RMS POWER SUPPLY Operating range, V+ INA139 2.7 40 INA169 2.7 60 Quiescent current VSENSE = 0, IO = 0 (1) Defined as the amount of input voltage, VSENSE, to drive the output to zero. 60 125 V µA 3 www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Typical characteristics are at TA = +25°C, V+ = 5 V, VIN+ = 12 V, and RL = 125 kΩ, unless otherwise noted. COMMON−MODE REJECTION vs FREQUENCY GAIN vs FREQUENCY 40 120 Common−Mode Rejection (dB) R L = 100kΩ 30 RL = 10kΩ Gain (dB) 20 10 RL = 1kΩ 0 −10 −20 100 G = 100 100 80 G = 10 60 G=1 40 20 0 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 0.1 10 1 Frequency (Hz) 100 10k 1k 100k Frequency (Hz) TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR vs VIN POWER−SUPPLY REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 5 140 + − V− ) VIN = (VIN IN − 55° C G = 100 PSR (dB) 100 G = 10 80 G=1 60 Total Output Error (%) 120 0 +150° C −5 +25° C −10 40 −15 20 1 100 10 1k 10k 0 100k 75 125 100 Frequency (Hz) TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR vs POWER−SUPPLY VOLTAGE QUIESCENT CURRENT vs POWER−SUPPLY VOLTAGE 150 200 100 Output error is essentially independent of both V+ supply voltage and input common−mode voltage. 1 Quiescent Current (∝A) Total Output Error (%) 50 VIN (mV) 2 G=1 0 G = 10 G = 25 −1 −2 +150° 80 +125° +25° 60 − 55° 40 20 Use the INA169 with (V+) > 40V 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Power−Supply Voltage (V) 4 25 60 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 Power−Supply Voltage (V) 60 70 www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Typical characteristics are at TA = +25°C, V+ = 5 V, VIN+ = 12 V, and RL = 125 kΩ, unless otherwise noted. STEP RESPONSE STEP RESPONSE 1.5V 1V G = 100 G = 50 0.5V 0V 1V 2V G = 100 G = 10 0V 0V 20µs/div 10µs/div APPLICATION INFORMATION Figure 1 illustrates the basic circuit diagram for both the INA139 and INA169. Load current IS is drawn from supply VS through shunt resistor RS . The voltage drop in shunt resistor VS is forced across RG1 by the internal op amp, causing current to flow into the collector of Q1. External resistor RL converts the output current to a voltage, VOUT, at the OUT pin. The transfer function for the INA139 is: IO = gm (VIN+ − VIN−) where gm = 1000 µA/V. In the circuit of Figure 1, the input voltage (VIN+ − VIN−) is equal to IS x RS and the output voltage (VOUT) is equal to IO x RL. The transconductance (gm) of the INA139 is 1000 µA/V. The complete transfer function for the current measurement amplifier in this application is: VOUT = (IS) (RS) (1000 µA/V) (RL) The maximum differential input voltage for accurate measurements is 0.5 V, which produces a 500-µA output current. A differential input voltage of up to 2 V will not cause damage. Differential measurements (pins 3 and 4) must be unipolar with a more-positive voltage applied to pin 3. If a more-negative voltage is applied to pin 3, the output current, IO, will be zero, but it will not cause damage. 5 www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 1 2 8 VOLTAGE GAIN EXACT RL (Ω) 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k 50k 100k NEAREST 1% RL (Ω) 1k 2k 4.99k 10k 20k 49k 100k 4 6 Figure 1. Basic Circuit Connections BASIC CONNECTION Figure 1 shows the basic connection of the INA139. The input pins, VIN+ and VIN−, should be connected as closely as possible to the shunt resistor to minimize any resistance in series with the shunt resistance. The output resistor, RL, is shown connected between pin 1 and ground. Best accuracy is achieved with the output voltage measured directly across RL. This is especially important in high-current systems where load current could flow in the ground connections, affecting the measurement accuracy. No power-supply bypass capacitors are required for stability of the INA139. However, applications with noisy or high-impedance power supplies may require decoupling capacitors to reject power-supply noise; connect bypass capacitors close to the device pins. POWER SUPPLIES The input circuitry of the INA139 can accurately measure beyond its power-supply voltage, V+. For example, the V+ power supply can be 5 V, whereas the load power supply voltage is up to +36 V (or +60 V with the INA169). However, the output voltage range of the OUT terminal is limited by the lesser of the two voltages (see the Output Voltage Range section). SELECTING RS AND RL The value chosen for the shunt resistor, RS , depends on the application and is a compromise between small-signal accuracy and maximum permissible voltage loss in the measurement line. High values of RS provide better accuracy at lower currents by minimizing the effects of offset, while low values of RS minimize voltage loss in the supply line. For most applications, best performance is attained with an RS value that provides a full-scale shunt voltage range of 50 mV to 100 mV. Maximum input voltage for accurate measurements is 500 mV. RL is chosen to provide the desired full-scale output voltage. The output impedance of the INA139 OUT terminal is very high which permits using values of RL up to 100 kΩ with excellent accuracy. The input impedance of any additional circuitry at the output should be much higher than the value of RL to avoid degrading accuracy. Some Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converters have input impedances that will significantly affect measurement gain. The input impedance of the A/D converter can be included as part of the effective RL if its input can be modeled as a resistor to ground. Alternatively, an op amp can be used to buffer the A/D converter input as shown in Figure 2. See Figure 1 for recommended values of RL. 6 www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE The output of the INA139 is a current, which is converted to a voltage by the load resistor, RL. The output current remains accurate within the compliance voltage range of the output circuitry. The shunt voltage and the input common-mode and power-supply voltages limit the maximum possible output swing. The maximum output voltage compliance is limited by the lower of the two equations below: VOUT MAX = (V+) − 0.7 V − (VIN+ − VIN−) or VOUT MAX = VIN− − 0.5 V (whichever is lower) BANDWIDTH Measurement bandwidth is affected by the value of the load resistor, RL. High gain produced by high values of RL yields a narrower measurement bandwidth (see the Typical Characteristics section). For widest possible bandwidth, keep the capacitive load on the output to a minimum. If bandwidth limiting (filtering) is desired, a capacitor can be added to the output (as shown in Figure 3) which will not cause instability. IS 2 1 2 1 f − 3dB INA139 ZIN OPA340 1 f − 3dB = 2πRLC L INA139 VO RL Figure 2. Buffering Output to Drive the A/D Converter CL RL Buffer of amp drives the A/D converter without affecting gain. Figure 3. Output Filter APPLICATIONS The INA139 is designed for current shunt measurement circuits, as shown in Figure 1, but its basic function is useful in a wide range of circuitry. A few ideas are illustrated in Figure 4 through Figure 7. 2 1 2 VR INA139 VO Gain Set by R1 R2 (VR )R 2 R1 + R 2 REF200 100µA VO 1 R2 Output Offset = V+ INA139 R1 1 1 RL Gain Set by RL Output Offset = (100µA)(RL) (independent of V+) a) Using resistor divider. b) Using current source. Figure 4. Offsetting the Output Voltage 7 www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 ±1A Charger 1Ω 1 2 1 2 + 48V +5V 1kΩ 1kΩ 1kΩ +5V 1kΩ 8 Load 8 INA169 4 6 INA169 4 6 1N4148 Comparator 1N4148 SIGN 10k Ω 10k Ω 0V to 1V VO 100k Ω Figure 5. Bipolar Current Measurement 8 www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 RS V+ 1 2 1 2 +5V +5V +5V REFOUT BUFIN 8 8 Digital I/O INA139 4 6 RL 25kΩ REF BUFOUT BUF INA139 4 6 MUX RL 25kΩ Clock Divider Oscillator 12−Bit A/D Converter PGIA Serial I/O ADS7870 The A/D converter is programmed for differential input. Depending on the polarity of the current, one INA139 provides an output voltage whereas the other’s out put is zero. Figure 6. Bipolar Current Measurement Using Differential Input of A/D Converter 9 www.ti.com SGLS185B − SEPTEMBER 2003 − REVISED OCTOBER 2004 Other INA169s Digital I/O on the ADS7870 provides power to select the desired INA169. Diodes prevent output current of an ” on” INA169 from flowing into an ” off” INA169. INA169 V+ +5V − REFOUT BUFIN Digital I/O REF BUFOUT BUF INA169 V+ − MUX 12−Bit A/D Converter PGIA 1N4148 RL Clock Divider Oscillator Serial I/O ADS7870 Figure 7. Multiplexed Measurement Using Logic Signal for Power 10 MECHANICAL DATA MTSS001C – JANUARY 1995 – REVISED FEBRUARY 1999 PW (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE 14 PINS SHOWN 0,30 0,19 0,65 14 0,10 M 8 0,15 NOM 4,50 4,30 6,60 6,20 Gage Plane 0,25 1 7 0°– 8° A 0,75 0,50 Seating Plane 0,15 0,05 1,20 MAX PINS ** 0,10 8 14 16 20 24 28 A MAX 3,10 5,10 5,10 6,60 7,90 9,80 A MIN 2,90 4,90 4,90 6,40 7,70 9,60 DIM 4040064/F 01/97 NOTES: A. B. C. D. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. 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