Microchip MCP4812-E/SN 8/10/12-bit dual voltage output digital-to-analog converter with internal vref and spi interface Datasheet

MCP4802/4812/4822
8/10/12-Bit Dual Voltage Output Digital-to-Analog Converter
with Internal VREF and SPI Interface
Features
Description
•
•
•
•
•
•
The MCP4802/4812/4822 devices are dual 8-bit, 10-bit
and 12-bit buffered voltage output Digital-to-Analog
Converters (DACs), respectively. The devices operate
from a single 2.7V to 5.5V supply with SPI compatible
Serial Peripheral Interface.
The devices have a high precision internal voltage
reference (VREF = 2.048V). The user can configure the
full-scale range of the device to be 2.048V or 4.096V by
setting the Gain Selection Option bit (gain of 1 of 2).
Each DAC channel can be operated in Active or
Shutdown mode individually by setting the Configuration
register bits. In Shutdown mode, most of the internal
circuits in the shutdown channel are turned off for power
savings and the output amplifier is configured to present
a known high resistance output load (500 k typical.
The devices include double-buffered registers,
allowing synchronous updates of two DAC outputs
using the LDAC pin. These devices also incorporate a
Power-on Reset (POR) circuit to ensure reliable powerup.
The devices utilize a resistive string architecture, with
its inherent advantages of low DNL error, low ratio
metric temperature coefficient and fast settling time.
These devices are specified over the extended
temperature range (+125°C).
The devices provide high accuracy and low noise
performance for consumer and industrial applications
where calibration or compensation of signals (such as
temperature, pressure and humidity) are required.
The MCP4802/4812/4822 devices are available in the
PDIP, SOIC and MSOP packages.
Applications
•
•
•
•
•
Set Point or Offset Trimming
Sensor Calibration
Precision Selectable Voltage Reference
Portable Instrumentation (Battery-Powered)
Calibration of Optical Communication Devices
Related Products(1)
P/N
DAC
Resolution
No. of
Channels
MCP4801
8
1
Voltage
Reference
(VREF)
MCP4811
10
1
MCP4821
12
1
MCP4802
8
2
MCP4812
10
2
MCP4822
12
2
MCP4901
8
1
CS 2
MCP4911
10
1
SCK 3
MCP4921
12
1
MCP4902
8
2
MCP4912
10
2
MCP4922
12
2
Internal
(2.048V)
Package Types
8-Pin PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
VDD 1
External
SDI 4
MCP48X2
•
•
•
•
•
•
MCP4802: Dual 8-Bit Voltage Output DAC
MCP4812: Dual 10-Bit Voltage Output DAC
MCP4822: Dual 12-Bit Voltage Output DAC
Rail-to-Rail Output
SPI Interface with 20 MHz Clock Support
Simultaneous Latching of the Dual DACs
with LDAC pin
Fast Settling Time of 4.5 µs
Selectable Unity or 2x Gain Output
2.048V Internal Voltage Reference
50 ppm/°C VREF Temperature Coefficient
2.7V to 5.5V Single-Supply Operation
Extended Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
8 VOUTA
7 VSS
6 VOUTB
5 LDAC
MCP4802: 8-bit dual DAC
MCP4812: 10-bit dual DAC
MCP4822: 12-bit dual DAC
Note 1: The products listed here have similar
AC/DC performances.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 1
MCP4802/4812/4822
Block Diagram
CS
SDI
SCK
LDAC
Power-on
Reset
Interface Logic
VDD
VSS
Input
Input
Register A Register B
DACA
Register
DACB
Register
String
DACA
String
DACB
Gain
Logic
2.048V
VREF
Gain
Logic
Output
Op Amps
Output
Logic
VOUTA
DS22249A-page 2
VOUTB
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
1.0
ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
† Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum
Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device.
This is a stress rating only and functional operation of
the device at those or any other conditions above those
indicated in the operational listings of this specification
is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions
for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Absolute Maximum Ratings †
VDD....................................................................... 6.5V
All inputs and outputs .......... VSS – 0.3V to VDD + 0.3V
Current at Input Pins ......................................... ±2 mA
Current at Supply Pins .................................... ±50 mA
Current at Output Pins .................................... ±25 mA
Storage temperature .......................... -65°C to +150°C
Ambient temp. with power applied ..... -55°C to +125°C
ESD protection on all pins 4 kV (HBM), 400V (MM)
Maximum Junction Temperature (TJ)................+150°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V,
Output Buffer Gain (G) = 2x, RL = 5 k to GND, CL = 100 pF, TA = -40 to +85°C. Typical values are at +25°C.
Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Input Voltage
VDD
2.7
—
5.5
V
Input Current
IDD
—
415
750
µA
Software Shutdown Current
ISHDN_SW
—
3.3
6
µA
Power-on Reset Threshold
VPOR
—
2.0
—
V
Conditions
Power Requirements
All digital inputs are grounded,
all analog outputs (VOUT) are
unloaded. Code = 0x000h
DC Accuracy
MCP4802
Resolution
n
8
—
—
Bits
INL Error
INL
-1
±0.125
1
LSb
DNL
DNL
-0.5
±0.1
+0.5
LSb
Note 1
MCP4812
Resolution
n
10
—
—
Bits
INL Error
INL
-3.5
±0.5
3.5
LSb
DNL
DNL
-0.5
±0.1
+0.5
LSb
Note 1
MCP4822
Resolution
n
12
—
—
Bits
INL Error
INL
-12
±2
12
LSb
DNL
DNL
-0.75
±0.2
+0.75
VOS
-1
±0.02
1
Offset Error
Offset Error Temperature
Coefficient
Gain Error
Gain Error Temperature
Coefficient
Note 1:
2:
VOS/°C
LSb
Note 1
% of FSR Code = 0x000h
—
0.16
—
ppm/°C
-45°C to +25°C
—
-0.44
—
ppm/°C
+25°C to +85°C
gE
-2
-0.10
2
G/°C
—
-3
—
% of FSR Code = 0xFFFh,
not including offset error
ppm/°C
Guaranteed monotonic by design over all codes.
This parameter is ensured by design, and not 100% tested.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 3
MCP4802/4812/4822
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V,
Output Buffer Gain (G) = 2x, RL = 5 k to GND, CL = 100 pF, TA = -40 to +85°C. Typical values are at +25°C.
Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Conditions
VREF
2.008
2.048
2.088
V
VREF/°C
—
125
325
ppm/°C
-40°C to 0°C
—
0.25
0.65
LSb/°C
-40°C to 0°C
—
45
160
ppm/°C
0°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
Internal Voltage Reference (VREF)
Internal Reference Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
(Note 2)
VOUTA when G = 1x and
Code = 0xFFFh
—
0.09
0.32
LSb/°C
Output Noise (VREF Noise)
ENREF
(0.110 Hz)
—
290
—
µVp-p
Code = 0xFFFh, G = 1x
Output Noise Density
eNREF
(1 kHz)
—
1.2
—
µV/Hz
Code = 0xFFFh, G = 1x
eNREF
(10 kHz)
—
1.0
—
µV/Hz
Code = 0xFFFh, G = 1x
fCORNER
—
400
—
Hz
Output Swing
VOUT
—
0.01 to
VDD – 0.04
—
V
Phase Margin
PM
—
66
—
Degree
(°)
Slew Rate
SR
—
0.55
—
V/µs
ISC
—
15
24
mA
tSETTLING
—
4.5
—
µs
DAC-to-DAC Crosstalk
—
<10
—
nV-s
Major Code Transition Glitch
—
45
—
nV-s
1/f Corner Frequency
Output Amplifier
Short Circuit Current
Settling Time
Accuracy is better than 1 LSb for
VOUT = 10 mV to (VDD–40 mV)
CL= 400 pF, RL = 
Within 1/2 LSb of final value from
1/4 to 3/4 full-scale range
Dynamic Performance (Note 2)
Digital Feedthrough
—
<10
—
nV-s
Analog Crosstalk
—
<10
—
nV-s
Note 1:
2:
1 LSb change around major carry
(0111...1111 to
1000...0000)
Guaranteed monotonic by design over all codes.
This parameter is ensured by design, and not 100% tested.
DS22249A-page 4
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC WITH EXTENDED TEMPERATURE
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V, Output Buffer Gain (G) = 2x,
RL = 5 k to GND, CL = 100 pF. Typical values are at +125°C by characterization or simulation.
Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
VDD
Units
2.7
—
5.5
V
IDD
—
440
—
µA
Software Shutdown Current
ISHDN_SW
—
5
—
µA
Power-On Reset threshold
VPOR
—
1.85
—
V
Conditions
Power Requirements
Input Voltage
Input Current
Input Curren
All digital inputs are grounded,
all analog outputs (VOUT) are
unloaded. Code = 0x000h.
DC Accuracy
MCP4802
Resolution
n
8
—
—
Bits
INL Error
INL
—
±0.25
—
LSb
DNL
DNL
—
±0.2
—
LSb
Note 1
MCP4812
Resolution
n
10
—
—
Bits
INL Error
INL
—
±1
—
LSb
DNL
DNL
—
±0.2
—
LSb
n
12
—
—
Bits
INL Error
INL
—
±4
—
LSb
DNL
DNL
—
±0.25
—
LSb
VOS
—
±0.02
—
% of FSR
VOS/°C
—
-5
—
ppm/°C
gE
—
-0.10
—
% of FSR
G/°C
—
-3
—
ppm/°C
VREF
—
2.048
—
V
VREF/°C
—
125
—
ppm/°C
—
0.25
—
LSb/°C
-40°C to 0°C
—
45
—
ppm/°C
0°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
Note 1
MCP4822
Resolution
Offset Error
Offset Error Temperature
Coefficient
Gain Error
Gain Error Temperature
Coefficient
Note 1
Code = 0x000h
+25°C to +125°C
Code = 0xFFFh,
not including offset error
Internal Voltage Reference (VREF)
Internal Reference Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
(Note 2)
Output Noise (VREF Noise)
-40°C to 0°C
—
0.09
—
LSb/°C
ENREF
(0.1 – 10 Hz)
—
290
—
µVp-p
Code = 0xFFFh, G = 1x
eNREF
(1 kHz)
—
1.2
—
µV/Hz
Code = 0xFFFh, G = 1x
eNREF
(10 kHz)
—
1.0
—
µV/Hz
Code = 0xFFFh, G = 1x
fCORNER
—
400
—
Hz
Output Noise Density
1/f Corner Frequency
Note 1:
2:
VOUTA when G = 1x and
Code = 0xFFFh
Guaranteed monotonic by design over all codes.
This parameter is ensured by design, and not 100% tested.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 5
MCP4802/4812/4822
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC WITH EXTENDED TEMPERATURE (CONTINUED)
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V, Output Buffer Gain (G) = 2x,
RL = 5 k to GND, CL = 100 pF. Typical values are at +125°C by characterization or simulation.
Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Conditions
Output Swing
VOUT
—
0.01 to
VDD – 0.04
—
V
Accuracy is better than 1 LSb
for
VOUT = 10 mV to (VDD –
40 mV)
Phase Margin
PM
—
66
—
Slew Rate
SR
—
0.55
—
V/µs
ISC
—
17
—
mA
tSETTLING
—
4.5
—
µs
DAC-to-DAC Crosstalk
—
<10
—
nV-s
Major Code Transition
Glitch
—
45
—
nV-s
Digital Feedthrough
—
<10
—
nV-s
Analog Crosstalk
—
<10
—
nV-s
Output Amplifier
Short Circuit Current
Settling Time
Degree (°) CL= 400 pF, RL = 
Within 1/2 LSb of final value
from 1/4 to 3/4 full-scale range
Dynamic Performance (Note 2)
Note 1:
2:
1 LSb change around major
carry (0111...1111 to
1000...0000)
Guaranteed monotonic by design over all codes.
This parameter is ensured by design, and not 100% tested.
AC CHARACTERISTICS (SPI TIMING SPECIFICATIONS)
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD= 2.7V – 5.5V, TA= -40 to +125°C.
Typical values are at +25°C.
Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Schmitt Trigger High-Level
Input Voltage
(All digital input pins)
VIH
0.7 VDD
—
—
V
Schmitt Trigger Low-Level
Input Voltage
(All digital input pins)
VIL
—
—
0.2 VDD
V
VHYS
—
0.05 VDD
—
V
Input Leakage Current
ILEAKAGE
-1
—
1
A
LDAC = CS = SDI = SCK =
VDD or VSS
Digital Pin Capacitance
(All inputs/outputs)
CIN,
COUT
—
10
—
pF
VDD = 5.0V, TA = +25°C,
fCLK = 1 MHz (Note 1)
Clock Frequency
FCLK
—
—
20
MHz
Clock High Time
tHI
15
—
—
ns
Hysteresis of Schmitt Trigger
Inputs
Clock Low Time
Conditions
TA = +25°C (Note 1)
Note 1
tLO
15
—
—
ns
Note 1
tCSSR
40
—
—
ns
Applies only when CS falls with
CLK high. (Note 1)
Data Input Setup Time
tSU
15
—
—
ns
Note 1
Data Input Hold Time
tHD
10
—
—
ns
Note 1
SCK Rise to CS Rise Hold
Time
tCHS
15
—
—
ns
Note 1
CS Fall to First Rising CLK
Edge
Note 1:
This parameter is ensured by design and not 100% tested.
DS22249A-page 6
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
AC CHARACTERISTICS (SPI TIMING SPECIFICATIONS)
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD= 2.7V – 5.5V, TA= -40 to +125°C.
Typical values are at +25°C.
Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
tCSH
15
—
—
ns
Note 1
LDAC Pulse Width
tLD
100
—
—
ns
Note 1
LDAC Setup Time
tLS
40
—
—
ns
Note 1
tIDLE
40
—
—
ns
Note 1
CS High Time
SCK Idle Time before CS Fall
Note 1:
Conditions
This parameter is ensured by design and not 100% tested.
tCSH
CS
tCSSR
Mode 1,1
tHI
tIDLE
tLO
tCHS
SCK Mode 0,0
tSU
SDI
tHD
MSb in
LSb in
LDAC
tLS
FIGURE 1-1:
tLD
SPI Input Timing Data.
TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, VSS = GND.
Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Specified Temperature Range
TA
-40
—
+125
°C
Operating Temperature Range
TA
-40
—
+125
°C
Storage Temperature Range
TA
-65
—
+150
°C
Thermal Resistance, 8L-MSOP
JA
—
211
—
°C/W
Thermal Resistance, 8L-PDIP
JA
—
90
—
°C/W
Thermal Resistance, 8L-SOIC
JA
—
150
—
°C/W
Conditions
Temperature Ranges
Note 1
Thermal Package Resistances
Note 1:
The MCP4802/4812/4822 devices operate over this extended temperature range, but with reduced
performance. Operation in this range must not cause TJ to exceed the maximum junction temperature
of +150°C.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 7
MCP4802/4812/4822
NOTES:
DS22249A-page 8
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
2.0
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
Note:
The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of
samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein
are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified
operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range.
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V, Gain = 2x, RL = 5 k, CL = 100 pF.
0.3
0.2
INL (LSB)
DNL (LSB)
0.1
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
0
1024
2048
3072
4096
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
Ambient Temperature
125C
0
1024
DNL vs. Code (MCP4822).
2.5
Absolute INL (LSB)
0.1
DNL (LSB)
4096
FIGURE 2-4:
INL vs. Code and
Temperature (MCP4822).
0.2
0
-0.1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.2
0
1024
2048
3072
Code (Decimal)
-40
4096
125C
85C
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
25C
FIGURE 2-2:
DNL vs. Code and
Temperature (MCP4822).
FIGURE 2-5:
Absolute INL vs.
Temperature (MCP4822).
0.0766
2
0.0764
0.0762
0
0.076
INL (LSB)
Absolute DNL (LSB)
3072
25
Code (Decimal)
Code (Decimal)
FIGURE 2-1:
2048
85
0.0758
0.0756
0.0754
-2
-4
0.0752
0.075
-6
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
0
100 120
1024
FIGURE 2-6:
Note:
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
3072
4096
Code (Decimal)
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
FIGURE 2-3:
Absolute DNL vs.
Temperature (MCP4822).
2048
INL vs. Code (MCP4822).
Single device graph for illustration of 64
code effect.
DS22249A-page 9
MCP4802/4812/4822
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V, Gain = 2x, RL = 5 k, CL = 100 pF.
0.3
0.6
o
- 40 C
INL (LSB)
DNL (LSB)
0.4
0.1
0
-0.1
o
85 C
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
125oC
-0.1
-0.2
0
128
256
384
512
Code
640
768
-0.3
0
896 1024
FIGURE 2-7:
DNL vs. Code and
Temperature (MCP4812).
85oC
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
25oC
-2
o
-2.5
- 40 C
o
256
384
512
Code
640
768
o
160
192
224
256
0
20
40
60
80
100 120
Ambient Temperature (°C)
FIGURE 2-11:
Full-Scale VOUTA vs.
Ambient Temperature and VDD. Gain = 1x.
4.100
o
0.05
0
34
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
Full Scale VOUT (V)
Temperature: - 40 C to +125 C
0.1
DNL (LSB)
-20
896 1024
FIGURE 2-8:
INL vs. Code and
Temperature (MCP4812).
0.15
128
VDD: 4V
VDD: 3V
VDD: 2.7V
-40
-3
128
96
2.050
2.049
2.048
2.047
2.046
2.045
2.044
2.043
2.042
2.041
2.040
125 C
0
64
FIGURE 2-10:
INL vs. Code and
Temperature (MCP4802).
Full Scale VOUT (V)
1
32
Code
1.5
0.5
25oC
-0.2
+25oC to +125oC
-0.3
INL (LSB)
- 40oC
0.5
0.2
4.096
4.092
VDD: 5.5V
4.088
VDD: 5V
4.084
4.080
4.076
0
32
64
96 128 160 192 224 256
Code
FIGURE 2-9:
DNL vs. Code and
Temperature (MCP4802).
DS22249A-page 10
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100 120
Ambient Temperature (°C)
FIGURE 2-12:
Full-Scale VOUTA vs.
Ambient Temperature and VDD. Gain = 2x.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V, Gain = 2x, RL = 5 k, CL = 100 pF.
25
Output Noise Voltage Density
(µV/Hz)
100
1.E-04
Occurrence
20
1.E-05
10
1
1.E-06
15
10
5
FIGURE 2-16:
FIGURE 2-14:
Output Noise Voltage
(VREF Noise Voltage) vs. Bandwidth. Gain = 1x.
340
440
435
430
425
420
435
430
IDD (µA)
FIGURE 2-17:
IDD Histogram (VDD = 5.0V).
5.5V
5.0V
4.0V
3.0V
2.7V
VDD
320
300
IDD (µA)
425
1M
1E+6
420
10k
100k
1E+4
1E+5
Bandwidth (Hz)
415
1k
1E+3
410
Maximum Measurement Time = 10s
405
Eni (in VRMS)
400
0.10
1.E-04
395
Eni (in VP-P)
IDD Histogram (VDD = 2.7V).
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
385
Occurrence
Output Noise Voltage (mV)
1.E-02
10.0
390
FIGURE 2-13:
Output Noise Voltage
Density (VREF Noise Density) vs. Frequency.
Gain = 1x.
0.01
1.E-05
100
1E+2
415
IDD (µA)
Frequency (Hz)
1.E-03
1.00
410
100k
1E+5
405
10k
1E+4
400
1k
1E+3
395
100
1E+2
390
10
1E+1
385
0
1
1E+0
380
0.1
1.E-07
0.1
1E-1
280
260
240
220
200
180
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ambient Temperature (°C)
FIGURE 2-15:
IDD vs. Temperature and VDD.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 11
MCP4802/4812/4822
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V, Gain = 2x, RL = 5 k, CL = 100 pF.
5.5V
4
5.0V
3.5
ISHDN_SW (µA)
3.5
3
4.0V
2.5
3.0V
2.7V
2
V DD
1.5
VIN Hi Threshold (V)
4
VDD
5.5V
5.0V
3
4.0V
2.5
2
3.0V
2.7V
1.5
1
1
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-40
120
-20
FIGURE 2-18:
Software Shutdown Current
vs. Temperature and VDD.
20
40
60
80
100
120
FIGURE 2-21:
VIN High Threshold vs.
Temperature and VDD.
1.6
0.09
0.07
0.05
5.5V
0.03
VDD
0.01
5.0V
4.0V
3.0V
2.7V
-0.01
-0.03
-40 -20
0
20
40
60
80
100 120
VDD
1.5
5.5V
1.4
5.0V
1.3
1.2
4.0V
1.1
1
3.0V
2.7V
0.9
0.8
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
FIGURE 2-19:
and VDD.
VIN Low Threshold (V)
0.11
Offset Error (%)
0
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
Offset Error vs. Temperature
FIGURE 2-22:
VIN Low Threshold vs.
Temperature and VDD.
-0.05
-0.1
VDD
Gain Error (%)
-0.15
5.5V
5.0V
4.0V
3.0V
2.7V
-0.2
-0.25
-0.3
-0.35
-0.4
-0.45
-0.5
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
FIGURE 2-20:
and VDD.
DS22249A-page 12
Gain Error vs. Temperature
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V, Gain = 2x, RL = 5 k, CL = 100 pF.
2.5
5.5V
2
5.0V
1.75
1.5
4.0V
1.25
1
3.0V
2.7V
0.75
0.5
5.5V
5.0V
4.0V
3.0V
2.7V
15
IOUT_HI_SHORTED (mA)
VIN_SPI Hysteresis (V)
16
VDD
2.25
14
VDD
13
12
11
0.25
10
0
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
-40
100 120
-20
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
FIGURE 2-23:
Input Hysteresis vs.
Temperature and VDD.
0.035
40
60
80
100
120
6.0
0.031
5.0
0.029
4.0
0.027
0.025
3.0V
0.023
2.7V
0.021
VDD
0.019
VOUT (V)
VOUT_HI Limit (VDD-Y)(V)
20
FIGURE 2-26:
IOUT High Short vs.
Temperature and VDD.
4.0V
0.033
VREF = 4.096V
Output Shorted to VDD
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.017
Output Shorted to VSS
0.0
0.015
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
0
100 120
2
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
FIGURE 2-24:
VOUT High Limit
vs.Temperature and VDD.
0.0028
VOUT_LOW Limit (Y-AVSS)(V)
0
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
FIGURE 2-27:
4
6
8
10
IOUT (mA)
12
14
16
IOUT vs. VOUT. Gain = 2x.
VDD
0.0026
0.0024
5.5V
0.0022
5.0V
0.0020
4.0V
3.0V
2.7V
0.0018
0.0016
0.0014
0.0012
0.0010
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100 120
Ambient Temperature (ºC)
FIGURE 2-25:
VOUT Low Limit vs.
Temperature and VDD.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 13
MCP4802/4812/4822
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, TA = +25°C, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, VREF = 2.048V, Gain = 2x, RL = 5 k, CL = 100 pF.
VOUT
VOUT
SCK
LDAC
LDAC
Time (1 µs/div)
FIGURE 2-28:
VOUT Rise Time.
Time (1 µs/div)
FIGURE 2-31:
VOUT Rise Time.
VOUT
VOUT
SCK
SCK
LDAC
LDAC
Time (1 µs/div)
VOUT Fall Time.
FIGURE 2-32:
Shutdown.
VOUT
SCK
LDAC
Time (1 µs/div)
FIGURE 2-30:
DS22249A-page 14
VOUT Rise Time Exit
Ripple Rejection (dB)
FIGURE 2-29:
Time (1 µs/div)
VOUT Rise Time.
Frequency (Hz)
FIGURE 2-33:
PSRR vs. Frequency.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
3.0
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1.
TABLE 3-1:
PIN FUNCTION TABLE FOR MCP4802/4812/4822
MCP4802/4812/4822
MSOP, PDIP, SOIC
3.1
Symbol
Description
1
VDD
Supply Voltage Input (2.7V to 5.5V)
2
CS
Chip Select Input
3
SCK
Serial Clock Input
4
SDI
Serial Data Input
5
LDAC
Synchronization Input. This pin is used to transfer DAC settings
(Input Registers) to the output registers (VOUT)
6
VOUTB
DACB Output
7
VSS
8
VOUTA
Ground reference point for all circuitry on the device
DACA Output
Supply Voltage Pins (VDD, VSS)
VDD is the positive supply voltage input pin. The input
supply voltage is relative to VSS and can range from
2.7V to 5.5V. The power supply at the VDD pin should
be as clean as possible for a good DAC performance.
It is recommended to use an appropriate bypass
capacitor of about 0.1 µF (ceramic) to ground. An
additional 10 µF capacitor (tantalum) in parallel is also
recommended to further attenuate high-frequency
noise present in application boards.
VSS is the analog ground pin and the current return path
of the device. The user must connect the VSS pin to a
ground plane through a low-impedance connection. If
an analog ground path is available in the application
Printed Circuit Board (PCB), it is highly recommended
that the VSS pin be tied to the analog ground path or
isolated within an analog ground plane of the circuit
board.
3.2
Chip Select (CS)
CS is the Chip Select input pin, which requires an
active-low to enable serial clock and data functions.
3.3
3.4
Serial Data Input (SDI)
SDI is the SPI compatible serial data input pin.
3.5
Latch DAC Input (LDAC)
LDAC (latch DAC synchronization input) pin is used to
transfer the input latch registers to their corresponding
DAC registers (output latches, VOUT). When this pin is
low, both VOUTA and VOUTB are updated at the same
time with their input register contents. This pin can be
tied to low (VSS) if the VOUT update is desired at the
rising edge of the CS pin. This pin can be driven by an
external control device such as an MCU I/O pin.
3.6
Analog Outputs (VOUTA, VOUTB)
VOUTA is the DAC A output pin, and VOUTB is the DAC
B output pin. Each output has its own output amplifier.
The full-scale range of the DAC output is from
VSS to G* VREF, where G is the gain selection option
(1x or 2x). The DAC analog output cannot go higher
than the supply voltage (VDD).
Serial Clock Input (SCK)
SCK is the SPI compatible serial clock input pin.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 15
MCP4802/4812/4822
NOTES:
DS22249A-page 16
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
4.0
GENERAL OVERVIEW
The MCP4802, MCP4812 and MCP4822 are dual
voltage output 8-bit, 10-bit and 12-bit DAC devices,
respectively. These devices include rail-to-rail output
amplifiers, internal voltage reference, shutdown and
reset-management circuitry. The devices use an SPI
serial communication interface and operate with a single supply voltage from 2.7V to 5.5V.
The DAC input coding of these devices is straight
binary. Equation 4-1 shows the DAC analog output
voltage calculation.
EQUATION 4-1:
V OUT
ANALOG OUTPUT
VOLTAGE (VOUT)
 2.048V  Dn 
= ----------------------------------G
n
2
Where:
2.048V
=
Internal voltage reference
Dn
=
DAC input code
G
n
=
Gain selection
=
2 for <GA> bit = 0
=
1 for <GA> bit = 1
=
DAC Resolution
=
8 for MCP4802
=
10 for MCP4812
=
12 for MCP4822
1 LSb is the ideal voltage difference between two
successive codes. Table 4-1 illustrates the LSb
calculation of each device.
TABLE 4-1:
MCP4802
(n = 8)
MCP4812
(n = 10)
MCP4822
(n = 12)
(a) 0.0V to 255/256 * 2.048V when gain setting = 1x.
(b) 0.0V to 255/256 * 4.096V when gain setting = 2x.
A positive INL error represents transition(s) later than
ideal. A negative INL error represents transition(s)
earlier than ideal.
INL < 0
111
110
Actual
Transfer
Function
101
Digital
Input
Code
100
011
010
(a) 0.0V to 1023/1024 * 2.048V when gain setting = 1x.
001
• MCP4822 (n = 12)
2.048V/256 = 8 mV
4.096V/256 = 16 mV
2.048V/1024 = 2 mV
4.096V/1024 = 4 mV
2.048V/4096 = 0.5 mV
4.096V/4096 = 1 mV
INL ACCURACY
• MCP4812 (n = 10)
(b) 0.0V to 1023/1024 * 4.096V when gain setting = 2x.
1x
2x
1x
2x
1x
2x
LSb Size
Integral Non-Linearity (INL) error for these devices is
the maximum deviation between an actual code transition point and its corresponding ideal transition point
once offset and gain errors have been removed. The
two end points method (from 0x000 to 0xFFF) is used
for the calculation. Figure 4-1 shows the details.
The ideal output range of each device is:
• MCP4802 (n = 8)
Gain
Selection
Device
4.0.1
LSb OF EACH DEVICE
Ideal Transfer
Function
000
INL < 0
(a) 0.0V to 4095/4096 * 2.048V when gain setting = 1x.
DAC Output
(b) 0.0V to 4095/4096 * 4.096V when gain setting = 2x.
Note:
See the output swing voltage specification in
Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics”.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
FIGURE 4-1:
Example for INL Error.
DS22249A-page 17
MCP4802/4812/4822
4.0.2
4.1
DNL ACCURACY
A Differential Non-Linearity (DNL) error is the measure
of variations in code widths from the ideal code width.
A DNL error of zero indicates that every code is exactly
1 LSb wide.
111
110
Actual
Transfer
Function
101
Digital
Input
Code
100
Ideal Transfer
Function
011
001
Wide Code, >1 LSb
000
Narrow Code, <1 LSb
DAC Output
4.0.3
Example for DNL Error.
OFFSET ERROR
An offset error is the deviation from zero voltage output
when the digital input code is zero.
4.0.4
OUTPUT AMPLIFIERS
The DAC’s outputs are buffered with a low-power,
precision CMOS amplifier. This amplifier provides low
offset voltage and low noise. The output stage enables
the device to operate with output voltages close to the
power supply rails. Refer to Section 1.0 “Electrical
Characteristics” for the analog output voltage range
and load conditions.
In addition to resistive load-driving capability, the
amplifier will also drive high capacitive loads without
oscillation. The amplifier’s strong outputs allow VOUT to
be used as a programmable voltage reference in a
system.
4.1.1.1
010
FIGURE 4-2:
4.1.1
Circuit Descriptions
Programmable Gain Block
The rail-to-rail output amplifier has two configurable
gain options: a gain of 1x (<GA> = 1) or a gain of 2x
(<GA> = 0). The default value for this bit is a gain
of 2 (<GA> = 0). This results in an ideal full-scale
output of 0.000V to 4.096V due to the internal
reference (VREF = 2.048V).
4.1.2
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
The MCP4802/4812/4822 devices utilize internal
2.048V voltage reference. The voltage reference has a
low temperature coefficient and low noise
characteristics. Refer to Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for the voltage reference specifications.
GAIN ERROR
A gain error is the deviation from the ideal output,
VREF – 1 LSb, excluding the effects of offset error.
DS22249A-page 18
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
4.1.3
POWER-ON RESET CIRCUIT
The internal Power-on Reset (POR) circuit monitors the
power supply voltage (VDD) during the device
operation. The circuit also ensures that the DAC
powers up with high output impedance (<SHDN> = 0,
typically 500 k. The devices will continue to have a
high-impedance output until a valid write command is
received and the LDAC pin meets the input low
threshold.
If the power supply voltage is less than the POR
threshold (VPOR = 2.0V, typical), the DACs will be held
in their Reset state. The DACs will remain in that state
until VDD > VPOR and a subsequent write command is
received.
Figure 4-3 shows a typical power supply transient
pulse and the duration required to cause a reset to
occur, as well as the relationship between the duration
and trip voltage. A 0.1 µF decoupling capacitor,
mounted as close as possible to the VDD pin, can
provide additional transient immunity.
4.1.4
SHUTDOWN MODE
The user can shut down each DAC channel selectively
using a software command (<SHDN> = 0). During
Shutdown mode, most of the internal circuits in the
channel that was shut down are turned off for power
savings. The internal reference is not affected by the
shutdown command. The serial interface also remains
active, thus allowing a write command to bring the
device out of the Shutdown mode. There will be no
analog output at the channel that was shut down and
the VOUT pin is internally switched to a known resistive
load (500 k typical. Figure 4-4 shows the analog
output stage during the Shutdown mode.
The device will remain in Shutdown mode until the
<SHDN> bit = 1 is latched into the device. When a
DAC channel is changed from Shutdown to Active
mode, the output settling time takes < 10 µs, but
greater than the standard active mode settling time
(4.5 µs).
VOUT
Supply Voltages
Op
Amp
5V
VPOR
VDD - VPOR
Power-Down
Control Circuit
Transient Duration
Resistive String DAC
Resistive
Load
500 k
Transient Duration (µs)
Time
10
FIGURE 4-4:
Mode.
TA = +25°C
8
Output Stage for Shutdown
6
4
Transients above the curve
will cause a reset
2
0
FIGURE 4-3:
Transients below the curve
will NOT cause a reset
1
2
3
4
VDD - VPOR (V)
5
Typical Transient Response.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 19
MCP4802/4812/4822
NOTES:
DS22249A-page 20
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
5.0
SERIAL INTERFACE
5.1
Overview
The MCP4802/4812/4822 devices are designed to
interface directly with the Serial Peripheral Interface
(SPI) port, available on many microcontrollers, and
supports Mode 0,0 and Mode 1,1. Commands and data
are sent to the device via the SDI pin, with data being
clocked-in on the rising edge of SCK. The
communications are unidirectional and, thus, data
cannot be read out of the MCP4802/4812/4822
devices. The CS pin must be held low for the duration
of a write command. The write command consists of
16 bits and is used to configure the DAC’s control and
data latches. Register 5-1 to Register 5-3 detail the
input register that is used to configure and load the
DACA and DACB registers for each device. Figure 5-1
to Figure 5-3 show the write command for each device.
Refer to Figure 1-1 and SPI Timing Specifications
Table for detailed input and output timing specifications
for both Mode 0,0 and Mode 1,1 operation.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
5.2
Write Command
The write command is initiated by driving the CS pin
low, followed by clocking the four Configuration bits and
the 12 data bits into the SDI pin on the rising edge of
SCK. The CS pin is then raised, causing the data to be
latched into the selected DAC’s input registers.
The MCP4802/4812/4822 devices utilize a doublebuffered latch structure to allow both DACA’s and
DACB’s outputs to be synchronized with the LDAC pin,
if desired.
By bringing down the LDAC pin to a low state, the contents stored in the DAC’s input registers are transferred
into the DAC’s output registers (VOUT), and both VOUTA
and VOUTB are updated at the same time.
All writes to the MCP4802/4812/4822 devices are
16-bit words. Any clocks after the first 16th clock will be
ignored. The Most Significant four bits are
Configuration bits. The remaining 12 bits are data bits.
No data can be transferred into the device with CS
high. The data transfer will only occur if 16 clocks have
been transferred into the device. If the rising edge of
CS occurs prior, shifting of data into the input registers
will be aborted.
DS22249A-page 21
MCP4802/4812/4822
REGISTER 5-1:
WRITE COMMAND REGISTER FOR MCP4822 (12-BIT DAC)
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-0
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
A/B
—
GA
SHDN
D11
D10
D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
bit 15
bit 0
REGISTER 5-2:
WRITE COMMAND REGISTER FOR MCP4812 (10-BIT DAC)
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-0
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
A/B
—
GA
SHDN
D9
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
x
bit 15
W-x
x
bit 0
REGISTER 5-3:
WRITE COMMAND REGISTER FOR MCP4802 (8-BIT DAC)
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-0
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
W-x
A/B
—
GA
SHDN
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
x
x
x
x
bit 15
bit 0
Where:
bit 15
bit 14
bit 13
bit 12
A/B: DACA or DACB Selection bit
1 = Write to DACB
0 = Write to DACA
—
Don’t Care
GA: Output Gain Selection bit
1 = 1x (VOUT = VREF * D/4096)
0 = 2x (VOUT = 2 * VREF * D/4096), where internal VREF = 2.048V.
SHDN: Output Shutdown Control bit
Active mode operation. VOUT is available. 
Shutdown the selected DAC channel. Analog output is not available at the channel that was shut down.
VOUT pin is connected to 500 ktypical)
1=
0=
bit 11-0
D11:D0: DAC Input Data bits. Bit x is ignored.
Legend
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
1 = bit is set
0 = bit is cleared
DS22249A-page 22
x = bit is unknown
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
CS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
12
(Mode 1,1)
13 14 15
SCK
(Mode 0,0)
config bits
A/B
SDI
12 data bits
— GA SHDN D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
LDAC
VOUT
FIGURE 5-1:
Write Command for MCP4822 (12-bit DAC).
CS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
12
(Mode 1,1)
13 14 15
SCK
(Mode 0,0)
config bits
A/B
SDI
12 data bits
— GA SHDN D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
X
X
LDAC
VOUT
Note:
X = “don’t care” bits.
FIGURE 5-2:
Write Command for MCP4812 (10-bit DAC).
CS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
12
(Mode 1,1)
13 14 15
SCK
(Mode 0,0)
config bits
A/B
SDI
12 data bits
— GA SHDN D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
X
X
X
X
LDAC
VOUT
Note:
FIGURE 5-3:
X = “don’t care” bits.
Write Command for MCP4802 (8-bit DAC).
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 23
MCP4802/4812/4822
NOTES:
DS22249A-page 24
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
6.0
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
6.3
Output Noise Considerations
The MCP4802/4812/4822 family of devices are
general purpose DACs for various applications where
a precision operation with low-power and internal
voltage reference is required.
The voltage noise density (in µV/Hz) is illustrated in
Figure 2-13. This noise appears at VOUTX, and is
primarily a result of the internal reference voltage.
Its 1/f corner (fCORNER) is approximately 400 Hz.
Applications generally suited for the devices are:
Figure 2-14 illustrates the voltage noise (in mVRMS or
mVP-P). A small bypass capacitor on VOUTX is an
effective method to produce a single-pole Low-Pass
Filter (LPF) that will reduce this noise. For instance, a
bypass capacitor sized to produce a 1 kHz LPF would
result in an ENREF of about 100 µVRMS. This would be
necessary when trying to achieve the low DNL error
performance (at G = 1) that the MCP4802/4812/4822
devices are capable of. The tested range for stability is
.001µF through 4.7 µF.
Digital Interface
The MCP4802/4812/4822 devices utilize a 3-wire
synchronous serial protocol to transfer the DAC’s setup
and input codes from the digital devices. The serial
protocol can be interfaced to SPI or Microwire
peripherals that is common on many microcontroller
units (MCUs), including Microchip’s PIC® MCUs and
dsPIC® DSCs.
In addition to the three serial connections (CS, SCK
and SDI), the LDAC signal synchronizes the two DAC
outputs. By bringing down the LDAC pin to “low”, all
DAC input codes and settings in the two DAC input registers are latched into their DAC output registers at the
same time. Therefore, both DACA and DACB outputs
are updated at the same time. Figure 6-1 shows an
example of the pin connections. Note that the LDAC pin
can be tied low (VSS) to reduce the required
connections from 4 to 3 I/O pins. In this case, the DAC
output can be immediately updated when a valid
16 clock transmission has been received and the CS
pin has been raised.
VDD
C1 = 10 µF
C2 = 0.1 µF
VDD
1 µF
SDI
CS1
SDI
AVSS
SDO
SCK
LDAC
VOUTB
C2
C1
VOUTA
VOUTB
VOUTA
C2
C1
1 µF
C2
C1
VDD
PIC® Microcontroller
6.1
MCP48x2
Set Point or Offset Trimming
Sensor Calibration
Precision Selectable Voltage Reference
Portable Instrumentation (Battery-Powered)
Calibration of Optical Communication Devices
MCP48x2
•
•
•
•
•
CS0
6.2
Power Supply Considerations
The typical application will require a bypass capacitor
in order to filter out the noise in the power supply
traces. The noise can be induced onto the power
supply's traces from various events such as digital
switching or as a result of changes on the DAC's
output. The bypass capacitor helps to minimize the
effect of these noise sources. Figure 6-1 illustrates an
appropriate bypass strategy. In this example, two
bypass capacitors are used in parallel: (a) 0.1 µF
(ceramic) and (b)10 µF (tantalum). These capacitors
should be placed as close to the device power pin
(VDD) as possible (within 4 mm).
The power source supplying these devices should be
as clean as possible. If the application circuit has
separate digital and analog power supplies, VDD and
VSS of the device should reside on the analog plane.
AVSS
FIGURE 6-1:
Diagram.
6.4
VSS
Typical Connection
Layout Considerations
Inductively-coupled AC transients and digital switching
noises can degrade the output signal integrity, and
potentially reduce the device performance. Careful
board layout will minimize these effects and increase
the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Bench testing has
shown that a multi-layer board utilizing a
low-inductance ground plane, isolated inputs and
isolated outputs with proper decoupling, is critical for
the best performance. Particularly harsh environments
may require shielding of critical signals.
Breadboards and wire-wrapped boards are not
recommended if low noise is desired.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 25
MCP4802/4812/4822
6.5
Single-Supply Operation
6.5.1.1
Decreasing Output Step Size
The MCP4802/4812/4822 family of devices are rail-torail voltage output DAC devices designed to operate
with a VDD range of 2.7V to 5.5V. Its output amplifier is
robust enough to drive small-signal loads directly.
Therefore, it does not require any external output buffer
for most applications.
If the application is calibrating the bias voltage of a
diode or transistor, a bias voltage range of 0.8V may be
desired with about 200 µV resolution per step. Two
common methods to achieve a 0.8V range are to either
reduce VREF to 0.82V (using the MCP49XX family
device that uses external reference) or use a voltage
divider on the DAC’s output.
6.5.1
Using a VREF is an option if the VREF is available with
the desired output voltage range. However,
occasionally, when using a low-voltage VREF, the noise
floor causes SNR error that is intolerable. Using a
voltage divider method is another option and provides
some advantages when VREF needs to be very low or
when the desired output voltage is not available. In this
case, a larger value VREF is used while two resistors
scale the output range down to the precise desired
level.
DC SET POINT OR CALIBRATION
A common application for the devices is a digitallycontrolled set point and/or calibration of variable
parameters, such as sensor offset or slope. For
example, the MCP4822 provides 4096 output steps. If
G = 1 is selected, the internal 2.048V VREF would
produce 500 µV of resolution. If G = 2 is selected, the
internal 2.048 VREF would produce 1 mV of resolution.
Example 6-1 illustrates this concept. Note that the
bypass capacitor on the output of the voltage divider
plays a critical function in attenuating the output noise
of the DAC and the induced noise from the environment.
EXAMPLE 6-1:
EXAMPLE CIRCUIT OF SET POINT OR THRESHOLD CALIBRATION
VDD
(a) Single Output DAC:
MCP4801
MCP4811
MCP4821
(b) Dual Output DAC:
MCP4802
VCC+
RSENSE
VDD
MCP4812
MCP4822
DAC
R1
VOUT
VTRIP
R2
0.1 µF
Comparator
VCC–
SPI
3-wire
Dn
VOUT = 2.048  G  -----N
2
 R2 
V trip = VOUT  --------------------
 R 1 + R 2
DS22249A-page 26
G
=
Dn
=
Digital value of DAC (0-255) for MCP4801/MCP4802
=
Digital value of DAC (0-1023) for MCP4811/MCP4812
N
Gain selection (1x or 2x)
=
Digital value of DAC (0-4095) for MCP4821/MCP4822
=
DAC bit resolution
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
6.5.1.2
Building a “Window” DAC
If the threshold is not near VREF, 2VREF or VSS, then
creating a “window” around the threshold has several
advantages. One simple method to create this
“window” is to use a voltage divider network with a pullup and pull-down resistor. Example 6-2 shows this
concept.
When calibrating a set point or threshold of a sensor,
typically only a small portion of the DAC output range is
utilized. If the LSb size is adequate enough to meet the
application’s accuracy needs, the unused range is
sacrificed without consequences. If greater accuracy is
needed, then the output range will need to be reduced
to increase the resolution around the desired threshold.
EXAMPLE 6-2:
SINGLE-SUPPLY “WINDOW” DAC
(a) Single Output DAC:
MCP4801
MCP4811
MCP4821
(b) Dual Output DAC:
MCP4802
MCP4812
VCC+
MCP4822
VDD
DAC
VCC+
RSENSE
R3
VOUT
Comparator
R1
VTRIP
0.1 µF
R2
SPI
3-wire
VCC-
VCC-
Dn
VOUT = 2.048  G  -----N
2
G
=
Gain selection (1x or 2x)
Dn
=
Digital value of DAC (0-255) for MCP4801/MCP4802
=
Digital value of DAC (0-1023) for MCP4811/MCP4812
N
=
Digital value of DAC (0-4095) for MCP4821/MCP4822
=
DAC bit resolution
Thevenin
Equivalent
R2 R3
R 23 = ------------------R2 + R3
VOUT
R1
VO
 V CC+ R 2  +  V CC- R 3 
V 23 = -----------------------------------------------------R2 + R3
V OUT R23 + V 23 R1
V trip = --------------------------------------------R 1 + R23
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
R23
V23
DS22249A-page 27
MCP4802/4812/4822
6.6
Bipolar Operation
Example 6-3 illustrates a simple bipolar voltage source
configuration. R1 and R2 allow the gain to be selected,
while R3 and R4 shift the DAC's output to a selected
offset. Note that R4 can be tied to VDD, instead of VSS,
if a higher offset is desired. Also note that a pull-up to
VDD could be used instead of R4, or in addition to R4, if
a higher offset is desired.
Bipolar operation is achievable using the
MCP4802/4812/4822 family of devices by utilizing an
external operational amplifier (op amp). This
configuration is desirable due to the wide variety and
availability of op amps. This allows a general purpose
DAC, with its cost and availability advantages, to meet
almost any desired output voltage range, power and
noise performance.
EXAMPLE 6-3:
DIGITALLY-CONTROLLED BIPOLAR VOLTAGE SOURCE
R2
(a) Single Output DAC:
VDD
MCP4801
VDD
MCP4811
R1
MCP4821
(b) Dual Output DAC:
DAC
VOUT
VO
R3
VIN+
MCP4802
MCP4812
MCP4822
R4
SPI
VCC+
0.1 µF
VCC–
3-wire
Dn
VOUT = 2.048  G  -----N
2
VOUT R 4
VIN+ = -------------------R 3 + R4
R2
R2
V O = V IN+  1 + ------ – V DD  ------



R1
R 1
6.6.1
G
=
Gain selection (1x or 2x)
Dn
=
Digital value of DAC (0-255) for MCP4801/MCP4802
=
Digital value of DAC (0-1023) for MCP4811/MCP4812
=
Digital value of DAC (0-4095) for MCP4821/MCP4822
=
DAC bit resolution
N
DESIGN EXAMPLE: DESIGN A
BIPOLAR DAC USING EXAMPLE 6-3
WITH 12-BIT MCP4822 OR
MCP4821
An output step magnitude of 1 mV, with an output range
of ±2.05V, is desired for a particular application.
Step 1: Calculate the range: +2.05V – (-2.05V) = 4.1V.
Step 2: Calculate the resolution needed:
4.1V/1 mV = 4100
Since 212 = 4096, 12-bit resolution is
desired.
Step 3:The amplifier gain (R2/R1), multiplied by fullscale VOUT (4.096V), must be equal to the
desired minimum output to achieve bipolar
operation. Since any gain can be realized by
choosing resistor values (R1+R2), the VREF
value must be selected first. If a VREF of 4.096V
is used (G=2), solve for the amplifier’s gain by
setting the DAC to 0, knowing that the output
needs to be -2.05V.
DS22249A-page 28
The equation can be simplified to:
– R2
– 2.05
--------- = ----------------R1
4.096V
R2
1
------ = --R1
2
If R1 = 20 k and R2 = 10 k, the gain will be 0.5.
Step 4: Next, solve for R3 and R4 by setting the DAC to
4096, knowing that the output needs to be
+2.05V.
R4
2
2.05V +  0.5  4.096V 
------------------------ = ------------------------------------------------------- = -- R3 + R4 
1.5  4.096V
3
If R4 = 20 k, then R3 = 10 k
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
6.7
Selectable Gain and
Offset Bipolar Voltage Output
Using a Dual Output DAC
This circuit is typically used for linearizing a sensor
whose slope and offset varies.
The equation to design a bipolar “window” DAC would
be utilized if R3, R4 and R5 are populated.
In some applications, precision digital control of the
output range is desirable. Example 6-4 illustrates how
to use the MCP4802/4812/4822 family of devices to
achieve this in a bipolar or single-supply application.
EXAMPLE 6-4:
BIPOLAR VOLTAGE SOURCE WITH SELECTABLE GAIN AND OFFSET
R2
VDD
VCC+
VOUTA
DACA
Dual Output DAC:
(DACA for Gain Adjust)
VDD
MCP4802
R1
VCC+
MCP4812
MCP4822
VOUTB
DACB
R5
R3
VIN+
(DACB for Offset Adjust)
SPI
R4
3
0.1 µF
VCC–
VCC–
Dn
V OUTA = 2.048  G A  -----N
2
Dn
VOUTB = 2.048  G B  -----N
2
VIN+
VO
VOUTB R 4 + V CC- R 3
= ------------------------------------------------R 3 + R4
G
=
Gain selection (1x or 2x)
N
=
DAC bit resolution
DA , DB
=
Digital value of DAC (0-255) for MCP4802
=
Digital value of DAC (0-1023) for MCP4812
=
Digital value of DAC (0-4095) for MCP4822
R2
R2
V O = V IN+  1 + ------ – V OUTA  ------
R1
R1
Offset Adjust Gain Adjust
Bipolar “Window” DAC using R4 and R5
Thevenin
Equivalent
VCC+ R4 + V CC- R 5
V45 = --------------------------------------------R4 + R 5
V OUTB R 45 + V45 R 3
V IN+ = -----------------------------------------------R 3 + R 45
R4R5
R45 = ------------------R4 + R5
R2
R2
V O = V IN+  1 + ------ – V OUTA  ------

 R 1
R 1
Offset Adjust Gain Adjust
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 29
MCP4802/4812/4822
6.8
Designing a Double-Precision
DAC Using a Dual DAC
Step 1: Calculate the resolution needed:
Example 6-5 illustrates how to design a single-supply
voltage output capable of up to 24-bit resolution from a
dual 12-bit DAC (MCP4822). This design is simply a
voltage divider with a buffered output.
As an example, if an application similar to the one
developed in Section 6.6.1 “Design Example:
Design a Bipolar DAC Using Example 6-3 with 12bit MCP4822 or MCP4821” required a resolution of
1 µV instead of 1 mV, and a range of 0V to 4.1V, then
12-bit resolution would not be adequate.
EXAMPLE 6-5:
4.1V/1 µV = 4.1 x 106. Since 222 = 4.2 x 106,
22-bit
resolution
is
desired.
Since
DNL = ±0.75 LSb, this design can be done
with the 12-bit MCP4822 DAC.
Step 2: Since DACB’s VOUTB has a resolution of 1 mV,
its output only needs to be “pulled” 1/1000 to
meet the 1 µV target. Dividing VOUTA by 1000
would allow the application to compensate for
DACB’s DNL error.
Step 3: If R2 is 100, then R1 needs to be 100 k.
Step 4: The resulting transfer function is shown in the
equation of Example 6-5.
SIMPLE, DOUBLE-PRECISION DAC WITH MCP4822
VDD
MCP4822
VCC+
VOUTA
(DACA for Fine Adjustment)
VO
R1
R1 >> R2
VDD
MCP4822
VOUTB
R2
0.1 µF
VCC–
(DACB for Course Adjustment)
SPI
3-wire
DA
VOUTA = 2.048  G A  ------12
2
DB
V OUTB = 2.048  GB  ------12
2
Gx
=
Gain selection (1x or 2x)
Dn
=
Digital value of DAC (0-4096)
V OUTA R 2 + VOUTB R 1
VO = -----------------------------------------------------R 1 + R2
DS22249A-page 30
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
6.9
Building Programmable Current
Source
However, this also reduces the resolution that the
current can be controlled with. The voltage divider, or
“window”, DAC configuration would allow the range to
be reduced, thus increasing resolution around the
range of interest. When working with very small sensor
voltages, plan on eliminating the amplifier’s offset error
by storing the DAC’s setting under known sensor
conditions.
Example 6-6 shows an example of building a
programmable current source using a voltage follower.
The current sensor (sensor resistor) is used to convert
the DAC voltage output into a digitally-selectable
current source.
Adding the resistor network from Example 6-2 would
be advantageous in this application. The smaller
RSENSE is, the less power dissipated across it.
EXAMPLE 6-6:
DIGITALLY-CONTROLLED CURRENT SOURCE
VDD or VREF
VDD
(a) Single Output DAC:
MCP4801
MCP4811
VOUT
DAC
MCP4821
(b) Dual Output DAC:
MCP4802
IL
Ib
SPI
MCP4812
Load
VCC+
VCC–
3-wire
MCP4822
RSENSE
IL
I b = ----

G
=
Gain selection (1x or 2x)
Dn
=
Digital value of DAC (0-255) for MCP4801/MCP4802
=
Digital value of DAC (0-1023) for MCP4811/MCP4812
V OUT

I L = ---------------  ------------R sense  + 1
where Common-Emitter Current Gain
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
N
=
Digital value of DAC (0-4095) for MCP4821/MCP4822
=
DAC bit resolution
DS22249A-page 31
MCP4802/4812/4822
NOTES:
DS22249A-page 32
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
7.0
DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT
7.1
Evaluation and Demonstration
Boards
The Mixed Signal PICtail™ Demo Board supports the
MCP4802/4812/4822 family of devices. Refer to
www.microchip.com for further information on this
product’s capabilities and availability.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 33
MCP4802/4812/4822
NOTES:
DS22249A-page 34
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
8.0
PACKAGING INFORMATION
8.1
Package Marking Information
Example:
8-Lead MSOP
XXXXXX
YWWNNN
8-Lead PDIP (300 mil)
XXXXXXXX
XXXXXNNN
YYWW
Legend: XX...X
Y
YY
WW
NNN
e3
*
Note:
Example:
MCP4802
E/P e^3 256
1009
8-Lead SOIC (150 mil)
XXXXXXXX
XXXXYYWW
NNN
4822E
009256
Example:
MCP4812E
e3 1009
SN^^
256
Customer-specific information
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)
Alphanumeric traceability code
Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn)
This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 )
can be found on the outer packaging for this package.
In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available
characters for customer-specific information.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 35
MCP4802/4812/4822
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DS22249A-page 36
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 37
MCP4802/4812/4822
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 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
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 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 39
MCP4802/4812/4822
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DS22249A-page 40
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
APPENDIX A:
REVISION HISTORY
Revision A (April 2010)
• Original Release of this Document.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 41
MCP4802/4812/4822
NOTES:
DS22249A-page 42
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802/4812/4822
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.
PART NO.
X
/XX
Device
Temperature
Range
Package
Device:
MCP4802:
MCP4802T:
Dual 8-Bit Voltage Output DAC
Dual 8-Bit Voltage Output DAC
(Tape and Reel, MSOP and SOIC only)
Dual 10-Bit Voltage Output DAC
Dual 10-Bit Voltage Output DAC
(Tape and Reel, MSOP and SOIC only)
Dual 12-Bit Voltage Output DAC
Dual 12-Bit Voltage Output DAC
(Tape and Reel, MSOP and SOIC only)
MCP4822:
MCP4822T:
E
a)
b)
MCP4812:
MCP4812T:
Temperature
Range:
Examples:
= -40C to +125C
(Extended)
c)
d)
e)
a)
b)
c)
Package:
MS
P
SN
=
=
=
8-Lead Plastic Micro Small Outline (MSOP)
8-Lead Plastic Dual In-Line (PDIP)
8-Lead Plastic Small Outline - Narrow, 150 mil
(SOIC)
d)
e)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP4802-E/MS:
Extended temperature,
MSOP package.
MCP4802T-E/MS: Extended temperature,
MSOP package,
Tape and Reel.
MCP4802-E/P:
Extended temperature,
PDIP package.
MCP4802-E/SN:
Extended temperature,
SOIC package.
MCP4802T-E/SN: Extended temperature,
SOIC package,
Tape and Reel.
MCP4812-E/MS:
Extended temperature,
MSOP package.
MCP4812T-E/MS: Extended temperature,
MSOP package,
Tape and Reel.
MCP4812-E/P:
Extended temperature,
PDIP package.
MCP4812-E/SN:
Extended temperature,
SOIC package.
MCP4812T-E/SN: Extended temperature,
SOIC package,
Tape and Reel.
MCP4822-E/MS:
Extended temperature,
MSOP package.
MCP4822T-E/MS: Extended temperature,
MSOP package,
Tape and Reel.
MCP4822-E/P:
Extended temperature,
PDIP package.
MCP4822-E/SN:
Extended temperature,
SOIC package.
MCP4822T-E/SN: Extended temperature,
SOIC package,
Tape and Reel.
DS22249A-page 43
MCP4802/4812/4822
NOTES:
DS22249A-page 44
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
•
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
•
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
•
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
•
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
•
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR
OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,
QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability
arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip
devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at
the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and
hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,
suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are
conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip
intellectual property rights.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,
KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,
PIC32 logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of
Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other
countries.
FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor,
MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard,
dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN,
ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial
Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified
logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Octopus, Omniscient Code
Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit,
PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance,
TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are
trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the
U.S.A. and other countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2010, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
ISBN: 978-1-60932-128-4
Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide
headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and
Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California
and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures
are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design
and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS22249A-page 45
WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE
AMERICAS
ASIA/PACIFIC
ASIA/PACIFIC
EUROPE
Corporate Office
2355 West Chandler Blvd.
Chandler, AZ 85224-6199
Tel: 480-792-7200
Fax: 480-792-7277
Technical Support:
http://support.microchip.com
Web Address:
www.microchip.com
Asia Pacific Office
Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor
Tower 6, The Gateway
Harbour City, Kowloon
Hong Kong
Tel: 852-2401-1200
Fax: 852-2401-3431
India - Bangalore
Tel: 91-80-3090-4444
Fax: 91-80-3090-4123
India - New Delhi
Tel: 91-11-4160-8631
Fax: 91-11-4160-8632
Austria - Wels
Tel: 43-7242-2244-39
Fax: 43-7242-2244-393
Denmark - Copenhagen
Tel: 45-4450-2828
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Tel: 91-20-2566-1512
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Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20
Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
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Tel: 82-2-554-7200
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Thailand - Bangkok
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Fax: 39-0331-466781
Netherlands - Drunen
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Fax: 31-416-690340
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Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
UK - Wokingham
Tel: 44-118-921-5869
Fax: 44-118-921-5820
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Tel: 86-592-2388138
Fax: 86-592-2388130
China - Zhuhai
Tel: 86-756-3210040
Fax: 86-756-3210049
01/05/10
DS22249A-page 46
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
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