IK Semicon IL2595-5Q Switching voltage regulator Datasheet

TECHNICAL DATA
Switching Voltage Regulators
IL2595-xx
Features
TO-220-5L
• 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and adjustable output versions
• Adjustable version output voltage range, 1.2V to 37V
± 3% max over line and load conditions
• Guaranteed 1A output load current
• Input voltage range up to 40V
• Requires only 4 external components
• Excellent line and load regulation specifications
• 150kHz fixed frequency internal oscillator
• TTL shutdown capability
• Low power standby mode,
IQ typically 100µA
• Thermal shutdown and current limit protection
Functions
• Simple high-efficiency step-down regulator
• On-card switching regulators
• Positive to negative converter
TO-220-5L
TO-263-5L
ORDERING INFORMATION
IL2595Q
IL2595S
IL2595D2
TO-220-5L
TO-220-5L
TO-263-5L
TA = -40° to 125° C for all packages
Pin Discription
Bent and Staggered Leads,
Through Hole Package
5–Lead TO-220
Surface Mount Package
5-Lead TO-263
Description
The IL2595 series of regulators are monolithic integrated circuits that provide all the active functions for a
step-down switching regulator, capable of driving a 3A load with excellent line and load regulation. These
devices are available in fixed output voltages of 3.3V, 5V, 12V and an adjustable output version.
Requiring a minimum number of external components, these regulators are simple to use.
The IL2595 series operates at a switching frequency of 150kHz. Available in standard 5-lead TO-220 and
TO-263 package.
Other features include a guaranteed ± 4% tolerance on output voltage under specified input voltage and
output load conditions, and ± 15% on the oscillator frequency. External shutdown is included, featuring
typically 100µA standby current. Self protection features include a two stage frequency reducing current limit
for output switch and an over temperature shutdown for complete protection under fault conditions. The over
temperature shutdown level is about 145oC with 5oC hysteresis.
Rev. 00 1
IL2595-xx
Absolute Maximum Rating
(TA = 25oC)
Characteristic
Maximum Input Supply Voltage
ON/OFF Pin Input Voltage
Symbol
Value
Unit
VI
VIN
45
V
V
Feedback Pin Voltage
Output Voltage to Ground
Power Dissipation
Storage Temperature Range
Operating Temperature Range
VO
PD
Tstg
TJ
Operating Supply Voltage
VIN
Typical Aplication
-0.3 ≤ V ≤ +25
-0.3 ≤ V ≤ +25
-1
Internally limited
-65 to +150
40 ≤ TJ ≤ +125
4.5 to 40
V
V
W
o
C
o
C
V
(Fixed Output Voltage Versions)
Rev. 00 2
IL2595-xx
Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, TJ = 25 oC VIN = 12V for the 3.3V, 5V, and Adjustable version and VIN = 25V for
the 12V version.
Characteristic
Output Voltage
Symbol
VOUT
Efficiency
η
Feedback Voltage
VFB
Feedback Bias
Current
ID
Oscillator
Frequency
fO
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
IL2595–3
4.75V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V,
0.1A ≤ ILOAD ≤ 1A
3.168
3.3
3.432
IL2595–5
7V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V,
0.1A ≤ ILOAD ≤ 1A
4.8
5.0
5.2
IL2595–12
15V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V,
0.1A ≤ ILOAD ≤ 1A
11.52
12.0
12.48
IL2595–3
IL2595–5
ILOAD = 1A
ILOAD = 1A
78
82
%
IL2595–12
IL2595–A
VIN = 25V, ILOAD = 1A
VOUT = 3V, ILOAD = 1A
90
78
%
4.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V,
0.1A ≤ ILOAD ≤ 1A
VOUT programmed for
3V
IL2595-A; VFB = 1.3V
IL2595–A
1.193
127
1.267
V
10
50
nA
150
173
kHz
1.2
V
VSAT
IOUT = 1A
1
Max Duty Cycle
(ON)
Max Duty Cycle
(OFF)
Current Limit
DC
(Note 1,2)
(Note 2)
100
(Note 3)
Peak Current
V
1.230
Saturation Voltage
ICL
Unit
%
0
1.2
1.5
2.4
A
50
µA
(Note 1,2)
Output Leakage
Current
IL
Output = 0V
(Note 1,3)
Output = -1V, VIN = 40V
2
15
mA
(Note 3)
5
10
mA
ON/OFF pin = 5V (OFF), VIN = 40V
85
200
µA
1.3
0.6
V
µA
Quiescent Current
IQ
Standby Quiescent
Current
ISTBY
ON/OFF Pin Logic
Input
Threshold Voltage
VIH
Low (Regulator ON)
VIL
High (Regulator OFF)
ON/OFF Pin Input
IH
VLOGIC = 2.5V (regulator OFF)
5
15
Current
IL
VLOGIC = 0.5V (regulator ON)
0.02
5
2.0
Rev. 00 3
IL2595-xx
Electrical Characteristics (continue)
Characteristic
Thermal Resistance
Symbol
θJC
θJA
θJA
θJA
θJA
Test Condition
TO-220 or TO-263 Package
Junction to Case
TO-220 Package Junction to
Ambient (Note 4)
TO-263 Package Junction to
Ambient (Note 5)
TO-263 Package Junction to
Ambient (Note 6)
TO-263 Package Junction to
Ambient (Note 7)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
2
°C/W
50
°C/W
50
°C/W
30
°C/W
20
°C/W
Note 1: No elements connected to output pin.
Note 2: Feedback pin removed from output and connected to 0V to force the output transistor switch ON.
Note 3: Feedback pin removed from output and connected to 12V for the 3.3V, 5V, and the A version, and 15V for the
12V version. To force the output transistor switch OFF.
Note 4: Junction to ambient thermal resistance (no external heat sink) for the TO-220 package mounted vertically, with
the leads soldered to a printed circuit board with (1 oz.) copper area of approximately 1 in2.
Note 5: Junction to ambient thermal resistance with the TO-263 package tab soldered to a single printed circuit board
with 0.5 in2 of (1 oz.) copper area.
Note 6: Junction to ambient thermal resistance with the TO-263 package tab soldered to a single sided printed circuit
board with 2.5 in2 of (1 oz.) copper area.
Note 7: Junction to ambient thermal resistance with the TO-263 package tab soldered to a double sided printed circuit
board with 3 in2 of (1 oz.) copper area on the IL2595S side of the board, and approximately 16 in2 of copper on
the other side of the p-c board.
Typical Performance Characteristics (circuit of Figure 1)
Rev. 00 4
IL2595-xx
Typical Performance Characteristics (circuit of Figure 1) (continue)
Rev. 00 5
IL2595-xx
Test Circuit and Layout Guidelines
CIN —120 µF, 50V, Aluminum Electrolytic Nichicon “PL Series”
COUT —120 µF, 25V Aluminum Electrolytic, Nichicon “PL Series”
D1 —3A, 40V Schottky Rectifier, 1N5822
L1 —100 µH, L29
Figure1. Standard Test Circuits and Layout Guides
As in any switching regulator, layout is very important. Rapidly switching currents associated with wiring inductance can
generate voltage transients which can cause problems. For minimal inductance and ground loops, the wires indicated by
heavy lines should be wide printed circuit traces and should be kept as short as possible. For best results,
external components should be located as close to the switcher lC as possible using ground plane construction or single
point grounding.
If open core inductors are used, special care must be taken as to the location and positioning of this type of inductor.
Allowing the inductor flux to intersect sensitive feedback, lC groundpath and COUT wiring can cause problems.
When using the adjustable version, special care must be taken as to the location of the feedback resistors and the
associated wiring. Physically locate both resistors near the IC, and route the wiring away from the inductor, especially an
open core type of inductor.
Rev. 00 6
IL2595-xx
Application Information
FIGURE 2. Delayed Startup
FIGURE 3. Undervoltage Lockout
for Buck Regulator
DELAYED STARTUP
The circuit in Figure 2 uses the the ON /OFF pin to provide a time delay between the time the input voltage is applied and
the time the output voltage comes up (only the circuitry pertaining to the delayed start up is shown). As the input voltage
rises, the charging of capacitor C1 pulls the ON /OFF pin high, keeping the regulator off. Once the input voltage reaches
its final value and the capacitor stops charging, and resistor R2 pulls the ON /OFF pin low, thus allowing the circuit to
start switching. Resistor R1 is included to limit the maximum voltage applied to the ON /OFF pin (maximum of 25V),
reduces power supply noise sensitivity, and also limits the capacitor, C1, discharge current. When high input ripple
voltage exists, avoid long delay time, because this ripple can be coupled into the ON /OFF pin and cause problems.
This delayed startup feature is useful in situations where the input power source is limited in the amount of current it can
deliver. It allows the input voltage to rise to a higher voltage before the regulator starts operating. Buck regulators require
less input current at higher input voltages.
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
Some applications require the regulator to remain off until the input voltage reaches a predetermined voltage. An
undervoltage lockout feature applied to a buck regulator is shown in Figure 3, while Figure 4 and Figure 5 applies the
same feature to an inverting circuit. The circuit in Figure 4 features a constant threshold voltage for turn on and turn off
(zener voltage plus approximately one volt). If hysteresis is needed, the circuit in Figure 5 has a turn ON voltage which is
different than the turn OFF voltage. The amount of hysteresis is approximately equal to the value of the output voltage. If
zener voltages greater than 25V are used, an additional 47 kW resistor is needed from the ON /OFF pin to the ground pin
to stay within the 25V maximum limit of the ON /OFF pin.
This circuit has an ON/OFF threshold of approximately 13V.
FIGURE 4. Undervoltage Lockout for Inverting Regulator
INVERTING REGULATOR
The circuit in Figure 6 converts a positive input voltage to a negative output voltage with a common ground. The circuit
operates by bootstrapping the regulator’s ground pin to the negative output voltage, then grounding the feedback pin, the
regulator senses the inverted output voltage and regulates it.
This example uses the IL2595-5.0 to generate a −5V output, but other output voltages are possible by selecting other
output voltage versions, including the adjustable version.
Since this regulator topology can produce an output voltage that is either greater than or less than the input voltage, the
maximum output current greatly depends on both the input and output voltage. The curve shown in Figure 7provides a
guide as to the amount of output load current possible for the different input and output voltage conditions.
The maximum voltage appearing across the regulator is the absolute sum of the input and output voltage, and this must
be limited to a maximum of 40V. For example, when converting +20V to −12V, the regulator would see 32V between the
input pin and ground pin. The IL2595 has a maximum input voltage spec of 40V.
Rev. 00 7
IL2595-xx
Additional diodes are required in this regulator configuration. Diode D1 is used to isolate input voltage ripple or noise from
coupling through the CIN capacitor to the output, under light or no load conditions. Also, this diode isolation changes the
topology to closley resemble a buck configuration thus providing good closed loop stability. A Schottky diode is
recommended for low input voltages, (because of its lower voltage drop) but for higher input voltages, a fast recovery
diode could be used.
Without diode D3, when the input voltage is first applied, the charging current of CIN can pull the output positive by
several volts for a short period of time. Adding D3 prevents the output from going positive by more than a diode voltage.
This circuit has hysteresis
Regulator starts switching at VIN = 13V
Regulator stops switching at VIN = 8V
FIGURE 5. Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis for Inverting Regulator
FIGURE 6. Inverting −5V Regulator with Delayed Startup
FIGURE 7. Inverting Regulator Typical Load Current
Because of differences in the operation of the inverting regulator, the standard design procedure is not used to select the
inductor value. In the majority of designs, a 68 µH, 1.5A inductor is the best choice. Capacitor selection can also be
narrowed down to just a few values. Using the values shown in Figure 6 will provide good results in the majority of
inverting designs.
This type of inverting regulator can require relatively large amounts of input current when starting up, even with light loads.
Input currents as high as the IL2595 current limit (approx 1.5A) are needed for at least 2 ms or more, until the output
reaches its nominal output voltage. The actual time depends on the output voltage and the size of the output capacitor.
Rev. 00 8
IL2595-xx
Input power sources that are current limited or sources that can not deliver these currents without getting loaded down,
may not work correctly. Because of the relatively high startup currents required by the inverting topology, the delayed
startup feature (C1, R1 and R2) shown in Figure 6 is recommended. By delaying the regulator startup, the input capacitor
is allowed to charge up to a higher voltage before the switcher begins operating. A portion of the high input current
needed for startup is now supplied by the input capacitor (CIN). For severe start up conditions, the input capacitor can be
made much larger than normal.
INVERTING REGULATOR SHUTDOWN METHODS
To use the ON /OFF pin in a standard buck configuration is simple, pull it below 1.3V (@25°C, referenced to ground) to
turn regulator ON, pull it above 1.3V to shut the regulator OFF. With the inverting configuration, some level shifting is
required, because the ground pin of the regulator is no longer at ground, but is now setting at the negative output voltage
level. Two different shutdown methods for inverting regulators are shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
FIGURE 8. Inverting Regulator Ground Referenced Shutdown
FIGURE 9. Inverting Regulator Ground Referenced Shutdown using Opto Device
Rev. 00 9
IL2595-xx
TO-220-5L
Rev. 00 10
IL2595-xx
TO-220-5L (Bent Staggered)
Rev. 00 11
IL2595-xx
TO-263-5L
Rev. 00 12
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