AKM AK4432 108db 192khz 32bit 2-channel audio dac Datasheet

[AK4432]
AK4432
108dB 192kHz 32bit 2-Channel Audio DAC
1. General Description
The AK4432 is a 32-bit Stereo DAC which corresponds to digital audio systems. An internal circuit
includes newly developed 32-bit Digital Filter achieving short group delay and high quality sound. The
AK4432 has single end SCF outputs, increasing performance for systems with excessive clock jitter. The
AK4432 is ideal for a wide range of applications that demands high sound quality including Home Theater
and Car audio surround systems. It is housed in a 16-pin TSSOP package, saving more board space.
2. Features
1. 2ch 32bit DAC
- 128 times Oversampling
- 32-bit High Quality Sound Low Group Delay Digital Filter
- Single Ended Output, Smoothing Filter
- THD+N: 91dB
- DR, S/N: 108dB
- Channel Isolation Digital Volume (12dB～-115dB, 0.5dB Step, Mute)
- Soft Mute
- De-emphasis Filter (32kHz, 44.1kHz, 48kHz)
- I/F Format: MSB justified, LSB justified, I2S, TDM
- Zero Detection
2. Sampling Frequency
- Normal Speed Mode: 8kHz to 48kHz
- Double Speed Mode: 64kHz to 96kHz
- Quad Speed Mode: 128kHz to 192kHz
3. Master Clock
256fs, 384fs, 512fs or 768fs (Normal Speed Mode: fs=8kHz  48kHz)
256fs or 384fs
(Double Speed Mode: fs=48kHz  96kHz)
128fs or 192fs
(Quad Speed Mode: fs=96kHz  192kHz)
4. P Interface: 3-wire Serial (7MHz max)/ I2C bus (400kHz Mode, 1MHz Mode)
5. Power Supply
- Analog: AVDD = 3.0  3.6V
- Input/Output Buffer: LVDD = 3.0  3.6V
- Integrated LDO for Digital Power Supply
6. Power Consumptions: 7.8mA (fs=48kHz)
7. Operational Temperature: Ta = - 40  105°C
8. Package: 16-pin TSSOP (0.65mm pitch)
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[AK4432]
3. Table of Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
General Description .................................................................................................................. 1
Features ................................................................................................................................... 1
Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................... 2
Block Diagram .......................................................................................................................... 3
■ Block Diagram .................................................................................................................................... 3
■Compatibility with AK4438, AK4452 and AK4458 .............................................................................. 4
5. Pin Configurations and Functions ............................................................................................. 5
■ Ordering Guide................................................................................................................................... 5
■ Pin Layout .......................................................................................................................................... 5
■ Pin Functions...................................................................................................................................... 6
■ Handling of Unused Pin ..................................................................................................................... 6
6. Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................................................................................... 7
7. Recommended Operation Conditions ....................................................................................... 7
8. Analog Characteristics .............................................................................................................. 8
9. Filter Characteristics (fs=48kHz) ............................................................................................... 9
■ Sharp Roll-Off Filter (DASD bit = “0”, DASL bit = “0”) ....................................................................... 9
■ Slow Roll-Off Filter (DASD bit = “0”, DASL bit = “1”) ....................................................................... 10
■ Short Delay Sharp Roll-Off Filter (DASD bit = “1”, DASL bit = “0”) ................................................. 11
■ Short Delay Slow Roll-Off Filter (DASD bit = “1”, DASL bit = “1”) ................................................... 12
10. DC Characteristics .............................................................................................................. 13
11. Switching Characteristics .................................................................................................... 14
■ Timing Diagram ................................................................................................................................ 17
12. Functional Descriptions ....................................................................................................... 21
■ System Clock ................................................................................................................................... 21
■ Audio Interface Format..................................................................................................................... 23
■ Digital Volume Function ................................................................................................................... 30
■ Soft Mute Operation ......................................................................................................................... 31
■ Error Detection ................................................................................................................................. 32
■ System Reset ................................................................................................................................... 32
■ Power Down Function ...................................................................................................................... 33
■ Power Off and Reset Functions ....................................................................................................... 34
■ Clock Synchronization ..................................................................................................................... 35
■ Parallel Mode ................................................................................................................................... 36
■ Audio Interface ................................................................................................................................. 36
■ Soft Mute .......................................................................................................................................... 36
■ System Clock ................................................................................................................................... 36
■ Serial Control Interface .................................................................................................................... 37
■ Register Map .................................................................................................................................... 43
■ Register Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 44
13. Recommended External Circuits ......................................................................................... 46
14. Package .............................................................................................................................. 48
■ Outline Dimensions .......................................................................................................................... 48
■ Material & Lead Finish ..................................................................................................................... 48
■ Marking............................................................................................................................................. 49
15. Revision History .................................................................................................................. 49
IMPORTANT NOTICE ................................................................................................................ 50
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[AK4432]
4. Block Diagram
■ Block Diagram
Audio
I/F
AOUTL
AOUTR
SMF
SMF
SCF
SCF
PDN
DAC
MCLK
MCLK
DAC
LRCK
BICK
LRCK
BICK
SDIN
SDTI
VSS
AVDD
uP I/F
(I2C/SPI)
SMUTE/CSN/I2CFIL
ACKS/CCLK/SCL
VCOM
DIF/CDTI/SDA
LDO
LVDD
P/S
LDOO
Figure 1. Block Diagram
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[AK4432]
■Compatibility with AK4438, AK4452 and AK4458
Channel
fs
S/(N+D)
DR
AVDD (Analog Supply)
TVDD or LVDD (I/O Buffer)
Digital
Filter
SA(Sharp)
GD(Sharp)
GD (SD Slow)
Super Slow Roll-off
OSR Doubler
(Over Sampling)
Zero Detection
Digital Volume
ATT Speed (*Default)
LR Ch Output Select
Reset Function
(MCLK detect)
Clock Synchronization
Package
AK4432
2ch
8k to 192kHz
91dB
108dB
3.0 to 3.6V
3.0 to 3.6V
69.9dB
26.4/fs
5.2/fs
No
No
(128x)
No
+12 to -115.0dB
1020/fs (*)
4080
No
AK4436 / 38
6ch / 8ch
8k to 768kHz
91dB
108dB
3.0 to 3.6V
1.7 to 3.6V
80dB
26.8/fs
4.8/fs
Yes
Yes
(256x)
Yes
+0 to -127.0dB
4080/fs (*)
2040、510、255
Yes
AK4452 / 54 / 56 / 58
2ch / 4ch / 6ch / 8ch
8k to 768kHz
107dB
115dB
3.0 to 5.5V
1.7 to 3.6V
80dB
26.8/fs
4.8/fs
Yes
Yes
(256x)
Yes
+0 to -127.0dB
4080/fs (*)
2040、510、255
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes (Note)
Yes
16-pin TSSOP
32-pin QFN
Yes
AK4452/54: 32-pin QFN
AK4456/58: 48-pin QFN
Note. MSB justified and 32-bit I2S compatible formats are available for audio interface but LSB justified
format is not available.
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[AK4432]
5. Pin Configurations and Functions
■ Ordering Guide
AK4432VT
AKD4432
-40  +105C
16-pin TSSOP (0.65mm pitch)
Evaluation Board for the AK4432
■ Pin Layout
MCLK
1
16
LDOO
BICK
2
15
LVDD
SDTI
3
14
AVDD
LRCK
4
13
VSS
PDN
5
12
VCOM
SMUTE/CSN/I2CFIL
6
11
AOUTL
ACKS/CCLK/SCL
7
10
AOUTR
DIF/CDTI/SDA
8
9
P/S
AK4432
Top
View
Figure 2. Pin Layout
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[AK4432]
■ Pin Functions
No.
Pin Name
MCLK
BICK
SDTI
LRCK
I/O
I
I
I
I
PD state
-
Function
1
External Master Clock Input Pin
2
Audio Serial Data Clock Pin
3
Audio Serial Data Input
4
Input Channel Clock Pin
Power-Down & Reset Pin
5
PDN
I
When “L”, the AK4432 is powered-down and the control registers
are reset to default state.
Soft Mute Pin in Parallel control mode.
SMUTE
I
When this pin is changed to “H”, soft mute cycle is initiated.
When returning “L”, the output mute releases.
6
CSN
I
Chip Select Pin in 3-wire serial control mode
I2C Interface Mode Select Pin
I2CFIL
I
“L”: Fast Mode (400kHz), “H”: Fast Mode Plus (1MHz).
Do not change this pin during PDN pin = “H”.
Auto Setting Mode in Parallel control mode
ACKS
I
“L”: Manual Setting Mode, “H”: Auto Setting Mode
7
CCLK
I
Control Data Clock Pin in 3-wire serial control mode
SCL
I
Control Data Clock Pin in I2C Bus serial control mode
Audio Data Format Select in Parallel control mode.
DIF
I
“L”: 32bit MSB, “H”: 32bit I2S
8
CDTI
I
Control Data Input Pin in 3-wire serial control mode
SDA
I/O
Control Data Input Pin in I2C Bus serial control mode
Parallel/Serial Mode Select Pin
9
P/S
I
“L”: Serial Mode, “H”: Parallel Mode
Do not change this pin during PDN pin = “H”.
10 AOUTR
O
Hi-z
Rch Analog Output Pin
11 AOUTL
O
Hi-z
Lch Analog Output Pin
Common Voltage Output Pin, AVDDx1/2
500ohm
12 VCOM
O
Large external capacitor around 2.2µF is used to reduce
Pull-down
power-supply noise.
13 VSS
Ground Pin
14 AVDD
Analog Power Supply Pin, 3.0V3.6V
15 LVDD
LDO Power Supply / Digital I/F Power Supply Pin, 3.0V3.6V
580ohm
LDO Output Pin
16 LDOO
O
Pull-down
This pin should be connected to ground with 1.0uF.
Note 1. All digital input pins must not be allowed to float.
■ Handling of Unused Pin
Unused I/O pins must be connected appropriately.
Classification
Analog
015002029-E-00
Pin Name
AOUTL, AOUTR
Setting
Open
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2015/02
[AK4432]
6. Absolute Maximum Ratings
(VSS =0V; Note 2)
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Max.
Unit
Power Supply
AVDD
-0.3
4.3
V
Power Supply
LVDD
-0.3
4.3
V
Input Current (any pins except for supplies)
IIN
mA
10
Input Voltage
(Note 3)
VIN
-0.3
(LVDD+0.3) or 4.3
V
Ambient Temperature (power applied)
Ta
-40
105
C
Storage Temperature
Tstg
-65
150
C
Note 2. All voltages with respect to ground. VSS must be connected to the same analog ground plane.
Note 3. The maximum Digital input voltage is smaller value between (LVDD+0.3)V and 4.3V.
WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
7. Recommended Operation Conditions
(VSS=0V; Note 2)
Parameter
Power Supplies Analog
Symbol
AVDD
Min.
3.0
Typ.
3.3
Max.
3.6
Unit
V
LDO, Digital (I/F)
LVDD
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
Note 4. Do not turn off the power supply of the AK4432 with the power supply of the peripheral device
turned on. When using the I2C interface, pull-up resistors of SDA and SCL pins should be
connected to LVDD or less voltage.
* AKM assumes no responsibility for the usage beyond the conditions in this data sheet.
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8. Analog Characteristics
(Ta=25C; AVDD = LVDD=3.3V; VSS =0V; fs=48kHz, 96kHz, 192kHz; BICK=64fs; Signal
Frequency=1kHz; 32bit Data; Measurement Frequency=20Hz20kHz at fs=48kHz, 20Hz~40kHz at
fs=96kHz, 20Hz~40kHz at fs=192kHz, unless otherwise specified.)
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
DAC Analog Output Characteristics
Resolution
32
bit
Output Voltage
(Note 5)
2.55
2.83
3.11
Vpp
S/(N+D)
fs=48kHz
80
91
dB
(0dBFS)
fs=96kHz
89
dB
fs=192kHz
89
dB
Dynamic Range
fs=48kHz (A-weighted)
108
dB
(-60dBFS)
fs=96kHz
101
fs=192kHz
101
S/N
fs=48kHz (A-weighted)
108
dB
fs=96kHz
101
fs=192kHz
101
Interchannel Isolation
90
110
dB
Interchannel Gain Mismatch
0
0.7
dB
Load Resistance
(Note 6)
10
k
Load Capacitance
30
pF
Note 5. Full-scale output voltage. The output voltage is always proportional to AVDD (AVDD x 0.86).
Note 6. AC Load
Parameter
Power Supplies
Power Supply Current
Normal Operation (PDN pin = “H”)
AVDD
fs=48kHz, 96kHz, 192kHz
LVDD
fs=48kHz
fs=96kHz
fs=192kHz
Typ.
Max.
Unit
6.5
1.3
1.6
2.1
9.0
2
2.5
3.0
mA
mA
mA
mA
Power-down mode (PDN pin = “L”) (Note 7)
10
200
Note 7. Quiescent Current. All digital input pins including clock pins are fixed to VSS.
µA
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[AK4432]
9. Filter Characteristics (fs=48kHz)
(Ta= -40  +105C; AVDD =3.0 3.6V, LVDD=3.0 3.6V; DEM=OFF)
■ Sharp Roll-Off Filter (DASD bit = “0”, DASL bit = “0”)
fs=48kHz
Parameter
-0.08dB~+0.08dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-6.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  20kHz
fs=96kHz
Parameter
-0.08dB~+0.08dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-6.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  40kHz
fs=192kHz
Parameter
-0.08dB~+0.08dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-6.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  80kHz
015002029-E-00
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.08
26.2
69.9
-
FR
-0.20
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.08
52.5
69.8
-
FR
-0.50
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.08
104.9
69.8
-
FR
-2.00
-9-
Typ.
23.99
Max.
22.2
+0.08
26.4
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-0.10
dB
Typ.
48.00
Max.
44.4
+0.08
26.4
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-0.10
dB
Typ.
96.00
Max.
88.8
+0.08
26.4
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
0.00
dB
2015/02
[AK4432]
■ Slow Roll-Off Filter (DASD bit = “0”, DASL bit = “1”)
fs=48kHz
Parameter
-0.07dB~+0.021dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-3.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  20kHz
fs=96kHz
Parameter
-0.07dB~+0.023dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-3.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  40kHz
fs=192kHz
Parameter
-0.07dB~+0.023dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-3.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  80kHz
015002029-E-00
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.07
42.6
72.6
-
FR
-3.75
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.07
85.1
72.6
-
FR
-4.25
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.07
170.3
72.6
-
FR
-5.00
- 10 -
Typ.
19.75
Max.
9.0
+0.021
26.4
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-2.75
dB
Typ.
39.6
Max.
18.1
+0.023
26.4
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-2.75
dB
Typ.
79.3
Max.
36.1
+0.023
26.4
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-3.00
dB
2015/02
[AK4432]
■ Short Delay Sharp Roll-Off Filter (DASD bit = “1”, DASL bit = “0”)
fs=48kHz
Parameter
-0.07dB~+0.07dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-6.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  20kHz
fs=96kHz
Parameter
-0.08dB~+0.08dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-6.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  40kHz
fs=192kHz
Parameter
-0.08dB~+0.08dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-6.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  80kHz
015002029-E-00
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.07
26.2
56.6
-
FR
-0.20
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.08
52.5
56.4
-
FR
-0.50
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.08
104.9
56.4
-
FR
-2.00
- 11 -
Typ.
24.11
Max.
22.0
+0.07
5.9
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-0.10
dB
Typ.
48.25
Max.
44.3
+0.08
5.9
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-0.10
dB
Typ.
96.50
Max.
88.6
+0.08
5.9
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
0.00
dB
2015/02
[AK4432]
■ Short Delay Slow Roll-Off Filter (DASD bit = “1”, DASL bit = “1”)
fs=48kHz
Parameter
-0.07dB~+0.05dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-3.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  20kHz
fs=96kHz
Parameter
-0.07dB~+0.05dB
Passband
(Note 8)
-3.0dB
Passband Ripple
Stopband
(Note 8)
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 9)
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
Frequency Response: 0Hz  40kHz
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.07
43.0
74.9
-
FR
-3.50
Symbol
PB
PB
PR
SB
SA
GD
Min.
0
-0.07
86.0
74.9
-
FR
-4.00
Typ.
20.24
Max.
10.1
+0.05
5.2
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-2.50
dB
Typ.
40.50
Max.
20.3
+0.05
5.2
-
Unit
kHz
kHz
dB
kHz
dB
1/fs
-2.50
dB
fs=192kH
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
-0.07dB~+0.05dB
PB
0
40.6
kHz
Passband
(Note 8)
-3.0dB
PB
81.00
kHz
Passband Ripple
PR
-0.07
+0.05
dB
Stopband
(Note 8)
SB
172.0
kHz
Stopband Attenuation
SA
74.9
dB
Group Delay
(Note 9)
GD
5.2
1/fs
Digital Filter + SCF + SMF
FR
-4.75
-2.75
dB
Frequency Response: 0Hz  80kHz
Note 8. The passband and stopband frequencies are proportional to “fs” (system sampling rate). Each
frequency response refers to that of 1kHz.
Note 9. The calculated delay time caused by digital filtering. The digital filter’s delay is calculated as the
time from setting 16/24/32bit impulse data into the input register until an analog peak signal is
output.
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[AK4432]
10. DC Characteristics
(Ta= -40  +105C; AVDD =3.0 3.6V, LVDD =3.0 3.6V, VSS=0V)
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
All digital input pins except SCL and SDA pins
High-Level Input Voltage
VIH1
80%LVDD
Low-Level Input Voltage
VIL1
SCL, SDA Pin
High-Level Input Voltage
VIH2
70%LVDD
Low-Level Input Voltage
VIL2
SDA Pin
Low-Level Output Voltage
Fast Mode
(Iout= 3mA)
VOL1
Fast Mode Plus
(Iout= 20mA)
VOL2
Input Leakage Current
Iin
-
015002029-E-00
- 13 -
Typ.
Max.
Unit
-
20%LVDD
V
V
-
30%LVDD
V
V
-
0.4
0.4
10
V
V
A
2015/02
[AK4432]
11. Switching Characteristics
(Ta=-40  105C; AVDD=LVDD=3.0  3.6V; CL=20pF, unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Master Clock Timing
External Clock
256fsn:
fCLK
2.048
12.288
Pulse Width Low
tCLKL
32
Pulse Width High
tCLKH
32
384fsn:
fCLK
3.072
18.432
Pulse Width Low
tCLKL
22
Pulse Width High
tCLKH
22
512fsn, 256fsd, 128fsq:
fCLK
4.096
24.576
Pulse Width Low
tCLKL
16
Pulse Width High
tCLKH
16
768fsn, 384fsd, 192fsq:
fCLK
16.384
36.864
Pulse Width Low
tCLKL
11
Pulse Width High
tCLKH
11
LRCK Timing (Slave Mode)
Stereo mode
(TDM1-0 bits = “00”)
Normal Speed Mode
fsn
8
48
Double Speed Mode
fsd
48
96
Quad Speed Mode
fsq
96
192
Duty Cycle
Duty
50
TDM128 mode
(TDM1-0 bits = “01”)
LRCK frequency
fsn
8
48
fsd
48
96
fsq
96
192
I2S compatible: Pulse Width Low
tLRL
1/(128fsq)
127/(128fsq)
MSB or LSB justified: Pulse Width High
tLRH
1/(128fsq)
127/(128fsq)
TDM256 mode
(TDM1-0 bits = “10”)
LRCK frequency
fsn
8
48
fsd
48
96
I2S compatible: Pulse Width Low
tLRL
1/(256fsd)
255/(256fsd)
MSB or LSB justified: Pulse Width High
tLRH
1/(256fsd)
255/(256fsd)
015002029-E-00
- 14 -
Unit
MHz
ns
ns
MHz
ns
ns
MHz
ns
ns
MHz
ns
ns
kHz
kHz
kHz
%
kHz
kHz
kHz
s
s
kHz
kHz
s
s
2015/02
[AK4432]
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Audio Interface Timing
Normal Mode (TDM1-0 bits = “00”)
BICK Period
Normal Speed Mode
tBCK
1/256fsn
Double Speed Mode
tBCK
1/256fsd
Quad Speed Mode
tBCK
1/128fsq
BICK Pulse Width Low
tBCKL
18
BICK Pulse Width High
tBCKH
18
BICK “” to LRCK Edge
(Note 10)
tBLR
5
tLRB
5
LRCK Edge to BICK “”
(Note 10)
tSDH
5
SDTI Hold Time
tSDS
5
SDTI Setup Time
TDM128 mode (TDM1-0 bits = “01”)
BICK Period
Normal Speed Mode
tBCK
1/128fsn
Double Speed Mode
tBCK
1/128fsd
Quad Speed Mode
tBCK
1/128fsq
BICK Pulse Width Low
tBCKL
18
BICK Pulse Width High
tBCKH
18
BICK “” to LRCK Edge
(Note 10)
tBLR
5
tLRB
5
LRCK Edge to BICK “”
(Note 10)
tSDH
5
SDTI Hold Time
tSDS
5
SDTI Setup Time
TDM256 mode (TDM1-0 bits = “10”)
BICK Period
Normal Speed Mode
tBCK
1/256fsn
Double Speed Mode
tBCK
1/256fsd
BICK Pulse Width Low
tBCKL
18
BICK Pulse Width High
tBCKH
18
BICK “” to LRCK Edge
(Note 10)
tBLR
5
tLRB
5
LRCK Edge to BICK “”
(Note 10)
tSDH
5
SDTI Hold Time
tSDS
5
SDTI Setup Time
Note 10. BICK rising edge must not occur at the same time as LRCK edge.
015002029-E-00
- 15 -
Typ.
Max.
Unit
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
2015/02
[AK4432]
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max. Unit
Control Interface Timing (3-wire Serial mode):
CCLK frequency
fCCK
7
MHz
CCLK Pulse Width Low
tCCKL
60
ns
Pulse Width High
tCCKH
60
ns
CDTI Setup Time
tCDS
60
ns
CDTI Hold Time
tCDH
60
ns
CSN “H” Time
tCSW
150
ns
tCSS
150
ns
CSN “” to CCLK “”
tCSH
240
ns
CCLK “” to CSN “”
Control Interface Timing (I2C Fast mode):
kHz
SCL Clock Frequency
fSCL
400
s
Bus Free Time Between Transmissions
tBUF
1.3
s
Start Condition Hold Time (prior to first clock pulse)
tHD:STA
0.6
s
Clock Low Time
tLOW
1.3
s
Clock High Time
tHIGH
0.6
Setup Time for Repeated Start Condition
tSU:STA
0.6
s
SDA Hold Time from SCL Falling
(Note 11)
tHD:DAT
0
s
SDA Setup Time from SCL Rising
tSU:DAT
0.1
s
Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Lines
tR
1.0
s
Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Lines
tF
0.3
s
Setup Time for Stop Condition
tSU:STO
0.6
s
Pulse Width of Spike Noise Suppressed by Input Filter
tSP
0
50
ns
pF
Capacitive load on bus
Cb
400
Control Interface Timing (I2C Fast mode Plus):
MHz
SCL Clock Frequency
fSCL
1
s
Bus Free Time Between Transmissions
tBUF
0.5
s
Start Condition Hold Time (prior to first clock pulse)
tHD:STA
0.26
s
Clock Low Time
tLOW
0.5
s
Clock High Time
tHIGH
0.26
Setup Time for Repeated Start Condition
tSU:STA
0.26
s
SDA Hold Time from SCL Falling
(Note 12)
tHD:DAT
0
s
SDA Setup Time from SCL Rising
tSU:DAT
0.05
s
Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Lines
tR
0.12
s
Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Lines
tF
0.12
s
Setup Time for Stop Condition
tSU:STO
0.26
s
Pulse Width of Spike Noise Suppressed by Input Filter
tSP
0
50
ns
pF
Capacitive load on bus
Cb
550
Power-down & Reset Timing
PDN Pulse Width
(Note 13)
tPD
800
ns
Note 11. Data must be held for sufficient time to bridge the 300 ns transition time of SCL.
Note 12. Data must be held for sufficient time to bridge the 120ns transition time of SCL.
Note 13. The AK4432 can be reset by setting the PDN pin to “L” upon power-up. The PDN pin must held
“L” for more than 800ns for a certain reset. The AK4432 is not reset by the “L” pulse less than
50ns.
Note 14. I2C is a trademark of NXP B.V.
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2015/02
[AK4432]
■ Timing Diagram
1/fCLK
VIH
MCLK
VIL
tCLKH
tCLKL
1/fsn, 1/fsd, 1/fsq
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tdLRKH
tdLRKL
Duty
= tdLRKH (or tdLRKL) x fs x 100
tBCK
VIH
BICK
VIL
tBCKH
tBCKL
Figure 3. Clock Timing (TDM1-0 bits = “00”)
1/fCLK
VIH
MCLK
VIL
tCLKH
tCLKL
1/fs
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tLRH
tLRL
tBCK
VIH
BICK
VIL
tBCKH
tBCKL
Figure 4. Clock Timing (Except TDM1-0 bits = “00”)
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2015/02
[AK4432]
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tBLR
tLRB
VIH
BICK
VIL
tSDS
tSDH
VIH
SDTI
VIL
Figure 5. Audio Interface Timing (TDM1-0 bits = “00”)
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tBLR
tLRB
VIH
BICK
VIL
tSDS
tSDH
VIH
SDTI
VIL
Figure 6. Audio Interface Timing (Except TDM1-0 bits = “00”)
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2015/02
[AK4432]
VIH
VIL
CCLK
tCCKL
tCCKH
1/fCCK
1/fCCK
Figure 7. 3-wire Serial Mode Interface Timing
VIH
VIL
tCSW
CSN
VIH
CDTI
VIL
tCDS
tCDH
VIH
VIL
CCLK
tCSS
tCSH
tCSS
tCSH
Figure 8. WRITE Data Input Timing (3-wire Serial mode)
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2015/02
[AK4432]
VIH
SDA
VIL
tLOW
tBUF
tR
tHIGH
tF
tSP
VIH
SCL
VIL
tHD:STA
Stop
tHD:DAT
Start
tSU:DAT
tSU:STA
tSU:STO
Start
Stop
Figure 9. I2C Bus Mode Timing
tPD
VIH
PDN
VIL
Figure 10. Power-down & Reset Timing
015002029-E-00
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2015/02
[AK4432]
12. Functional Descriptions
■ System Clock
The external clocks which are required to operate the AK4432 are MCLK, LRCK and BICK. MCLK should
be synchronized with LRCK and BICK but the phase is not critical. There are two methods to set MCLK
frequency. In Manual Setting Mode (ACKS bit= “0”: Default), the sampling speed is set by DFS0, DFS1
(Table 1). The frequency of MCLK at each sampling speed is set automatically (Table 2, Table 3, Table
4). In Auto Setting Mode (ACKS bit= “1”), as MCLK frequency is detected automatically (Table 5) and the
internal master clock attains the appropriate frequency (Table 6), so it is not necessary to set DFS bits.
The AK4432 exits system reset (power-down mode) by inputting MCLK and LRCK after the PDN pin=“H”.
If the clock is stopped, a click noise occurs when restarting the clock. Mute the digital output externally if
the click noise affects system applications.
DFS1
0
0
1
1
LRCK
fs
8.0kHz
44.1kHz
48.0kHz
DFS0
0
1
0
1
Sampling Speed Mode (fs)
Normal Speed Mode
8kHz~48kHz
(default)
Double Speed Mode
48kHz~96kHz
Quad Speed Mode
96kHz~192kHz
N/A
(N/A: Not available)
Table 1. Sampling Speed (Manual Setting Mode)
256fs
2.0480
11.2896
12.2880
MCLK (MHz)
384fs
512fs
3.0720
4.0960
16.9344
22.5792
18.4320
24.5760
768fs
6.1440
33.8688
36.8640
BICK (MHz)
64fs
0.512
2.8224
3.0720
Table 2. System Clock Example (Normal Speed Mode @Manual Setting Mode)
LRCK
fs
88.2kHz
96.0kHz
MCLK (MHz)
256fs
384fs
22.5792
33.8688
24.5760
36.8640
BICK (MHz)
64fs
5.6448
6.1440
Table 3. System Clock Example (Double Speed Mode @Manual Setting Mode)
LRCK
fs
176.4kHz
192.0kHz
MCLK (MHz)
128fs
192fs
22.5792
24.5760
33.8688
36.8640
BICK (MHz)
64fs
11.2896
12.2880
Table 4. System Clock Example (Quad Speed Mode @Manual Setting Mode)
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2015/02
[AK4432]
512fs
256fs
128fs
MCLK
768fs
384fs
192fs
Sampling Speed Mode
Normal Speed Mode
Double Speed Mode
Quad Speed Mode
Table 5. Sampling Speed (Auto Setting Mode)
LRCK
fs
8.0kHz
44.1kHz
48.0kHz
88.2kHz
96.0kHz
176.4kHz
192.0kHz
128fs
22.5792
24.5760
192fs
33.8688
36.8640
MCLK (MHz)
256fs
384fs
22.5792 33.8688
24.5760 36.8640
-
512fs
4.0960
22.5792
24.5760
-
768fs
6.1440
33.8688
36.8640
-
Sampling
Speed Mode
Normal Speed
Mode
Double Speed
Mode
Quad Speed
Mode
Table 6. System Clock Example (Auto Setting Mode)
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2015/02
[AK4432]
■ Audio Interface Format
TDM1-0 bits, DIF2-0 bits, SDS2-0 bits, TDM1-0 pins and DIF pin settings should not be changed during
operation. MSB justified and I2S formats are available but LSB justified format is not available when
SYNCE bit = “1” (default).
Normal Mode (TDM1-0 bit=“00”)
Two channels audio data is shifted in via the SDTI pin using BICK and LRCK inputs. Eight data formats
are supported and selected by the DIF2-0 bits as shown in Table 7. In all formats the serial data is MSB
first, 2's complement format and is latched on the rising edge of BICK. Input “0” data to unused bits if the
data does not use maximum bits when MSB justified, I2S format is selected. (e.g. Mode2 can be used in
16-bit MSB justified by zeroing the unused 8bits LSB).
TDM128 Mode (TDM1-0 bit=“01”)
Four channels audio data is shifted in via the SDTI pin using BICK and LRCK inputs. Data is selected by
SDS1-0 bits. BICK is fixed to 128fs. Six data formats are supported and selected by the DIF2-0 bits as
shown in Table 7. In all formats the serial data is MSB first, 2's complement format and is latched on the
rising edge of BICK.
TDM256 Mode (TDM1-0 bit=“1X”)
Eight channels audio data is shifted in via the SDTI pin using BICK and LRCK inputs. Data is selected by
SDS1-0 bits. BICK is fixed to 256fs. Six data formats are supported and selected by the DIF2-0 bits as
shown in Table 7. In all formats the serial data is MSB first, 2's complement format and is latched on the
rising edge of BICK.
015002029-E-00
- 23 -
2015/02
[AK4432]
Mode
TDM1 TDM0
DIF2
0
0
0
DIF1
0
0
1
DIF0
0
1
0
SDTI Format
LRCK BICK
0
16-bit LSB justified
H/L
32fs
1
20-bit LSB justified
H/L
40fs
2
24-bit MSB justified
H/L
48fs
16-bit I2S compatible
L/H
32fs
3
0
1
1
Normal
2
24-bit I S compatible
L/H
0
0
48fs
(Note 15)
4
1
0
0
24-bit LSB justified
H/L
48fs
5
1
0
1
32-bit LSB justified
H/L
64fs
6
1
1
0
32-bit MSB justified
H/L
64fs
7
1
1
1
32-bit I2S compatible
L/H
64fs
0
0
0
N/A
128fs

0
0
1
N/A
128fs

8
0
1
0
24-bit MSB justified
128fs

9
0
1
1
24-bit I2S compatible
128fs

TDM128
0
1
10
1
0
0
24-bit LSB justified
128fs

11
1
0
1
32-bit LSB justified
128fs

12
1
1
0
32-bit MSB justified
128fs

13
1
1
1
32-bit I2S compatible
128fs

0
0
0
N/A
256fs

0
0
1
N/A
256fs

14
0
1
0
24-bit MSB justified
256fs

15
0
1
1
24-bit I2S compatible
256fs

TDM256
1
0
16
1
0
0
24-bit LSB justified
256fs

17
1
0
1
32-bit LSB justified
256fs

18
1
1
0
32-bit MSB justified
256fs

19
1
1
1
32-bit I2S compatible
256fs

Note 15. BICK that is input to each channel must be longer than the bit length of setting format.
Table 7. Audio Data Format (N/A: Not available)
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2015/02
[AK4432]
LRCK
0
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
0
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
0
1
BICK
(32fs)
SDTI
Mode 0
15
14
6
1
0
5
14
4
15
3
16
2
1
17
0
31
15
0
14
6
5
14
1
4
15
3
16
2
1
17
0
31
15
14
0
1
0
1
0
1
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
Mode 0
Don’t care
15
14
Don’t care
0
15
14
0
15:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 11. Mode 0 Timing
LRCK
0
1
8
9
10
11
12
31
0
1
8
9
10
11
12
31
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
Mode 1
Don’t care
19
0
Don’t care
19
0
Don’t care
19
0
19
0
19:MSB, 0:LSB
SDTI
Mode 4
Don’t care
23
22
21
20
23
22
20
21
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 12. Mode 1/4 Timing
LRCK
0
1
2
22
23
24
30
31
0
1
2
22
23
24
30
31
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
23
22
1
0
Don’t care
23
22
1
0
Don’t care
23
22
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 13. Mode 2 Timing
015002029-E-00
- 25 -
2015/02
[AK4432]
LRCK
0
1
2
3
23
24
25
31
0
1
2
3
23
24
25
31
0
1
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
23
0
1
22
Don’t care
23
22
0
1
23
Don’t care
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 14. Mode 3 Timing
LRCK
0
1
2
22
23
24
30
31
0
1
2
22
23
24
30
31
0
1
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
Mode 5,6
31
30
1
0
31
30
0
1
31
30
32:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 15. Mode 5/6 Timing
LRCK
0
1
2
3
23
24
25
31
0
1
0
31
2
3
23
24
25
31
0
1
0
31
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
31
30
1
30
1
30
32:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 16. Mode 7 Timing
015002029-E-00
- 26 -
2015/02
[AK4432]
128 BICK
LRCK
BICK(128fs)
SDTI
Mode8
23 22
SDTI
Mode11,12
31 30
0
23 22
0
0 31 30
23 22
23 22
0
0 31 30
0
0 31 30
23 22
0 31 30
2
L1
R1
L2
R2
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
Figure 17. Mode 8/11/12 Timing
128 BICK
LRCK
BICK(128fs)
SDTI
Mode9
23 22
SDTI
Mode13
31 30
0
0
23 22
0
23 22
0 31 30
23 22
0 31 30
L1
R1
32 BICK
32 BICK
23
0
0 31 30
2
0 31 30
L2
R2
32 BICK
32 BICK
Figure 18. Mode 9/13 Timing
128 BICK
LRCK
BICK(128fs)
SDTI
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
0
23 22
L1
R1
L2
R2
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
23
Figure 19. Mode 10 Timing
015002029-E-00
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2015/02
[AK4432]
256 BICK
LRCK
BICK (256fs)
SDTI
Mode14
SDTI
Mode17,18
23 22
0
31 30
23 22
0
0 31 30
23 22
0
0 31 30
23 22
0
0 31 30
23 22
0
0 31 30
23 22
0
0 31 30
23 22
0
0 31 30
23 22
0
0 31 30
23 22
0 31 30
L1
R1
L2
R2
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
23
23
Figure 20. Mode 14/17/18 Timing
256 BICK
LRCK
BICK (256fs)
SDTI
Mode15
SDTI
Mode19
23
0
23
31 30
0
23
0 31 30
0
23
0 31 30
0
23
0 31 30
0
23
0 31 30
0
0 31 30
0
0 31 30
0
0 31 30
23
0 31
L1
R1
L2
R2
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
Figure 21. Mode 15/19 Timing
256 BICK
LRCK
BICK(256fs)
SDTI
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
L1
R1
L2
R2
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
0
23
Figure 22. Mode 16 Timing
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2015/02
[AK4432]
[2] Data Select
SDS1-0 bits control the playback channel of each DAC.
LRCK
L1
SDTI
R1
Figure 23. Data Slot in Normal Mode
128 BICK
LRCK
L1
SDTI
R1
L2
R2
Figure 24. Data Slot in TDM128 Mode
256 BICK
LRCK
SDTI
L1
R1
L2
R2
L3
R3
L4
R4
Figure 25. Data Slot in TDM256 Mode
Normal
TDM128
SDS1
SDS0
x
x
DAC1
Lch Rch
L1
R1
x
0
L1
R1
x
1
L2
R2
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
L1
R1
L2
R2
TDM256
L3
R3
L4
R4
(x: don’t care)
Table 8. Data Select
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[AK4432]
■ Digital Volume Function
The AK4432 has a channel-independent digital attenuator (256 levels, 0.5dB steps). Attenuation level of
each channel of the DAC can be set by ATT7-0 bits (register 04-05H), respectively (Table 9).
DAC Lch
ATTL7-0bits
00h
01h
02h
:
17h
18h
19h
:
FDh
FEh
FFh
DAC Rch
ATTR7-0bits
00h
01h
02h
:
17h
18h
19h
:
FDh
FEh
FFh
Attenuation Level
+12.0dB
+11.5dB
+11.0dB
:
+0.5dB
0.0dB
-0.5dB
:
-114.5dB
-115.0dB
MUTE (-∞)
(default)
Table 9. Attenuation level of Digital Attenuator
Transition time between set values of ATT7-0 bits can be selected by the ATS bit (Table 10). When
changing output levels, transitions are executed via soft changes (0.125dB steps by every 1/4 ATT
speed); thus not switching noise occurs during these transitions.
Mode
ATS
0
1
0
1
ATT speed(Transition Time)
1 step(0.5dB)
Soft Transition(0.125dB)
4/fs
1/fs
16/fs
4/fs
(default)
Table 10. Digital Volume Transition Time
In Mode0, it takes 255step*4/fs+1/fs(mute)=1020/fs (21.3ms @fs=48kHz) from FFH to 00H and in
Mode1, it takes 255step*16/fs+4/fs(mute)=4084/fs (85.1ms @fs=48kHz).
Mode
ATS
0
1
0
1
00h ⇔ FFh Transition Time
Transition Time(fs)
fs=48kHz
fs=44.1kHz
1021/fs
21.3ms
23.2ms
4084/fs
85.1ms
92.6ms
Table 11. Digital Volume Transition Time 00h ⇔ FFh
fs=8kHz
127.6ms
510.5ms
(default)
Just after power up the DAC, the digital volume level is at MUTE. Then, the volume changes to the value
set by registers in soft transition after releasing the power-down state.
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[AK4432]
■ Soft Mute Operation
The soft mute operation is performed at digital domain. When the SMUTE pin goes to “H” or set SMUTE
bit to “1”, the output signal is attenuated by  during ATT_DATA  ATT transition time from the current
ATT level. When the SMUTE pin is returned to “L” or the SMUTE bit is returned to “0”, the mute is
cancelled and the output attenuation gradually changes to the ATT level during ATT_DATA  ATT
transition time. If the soft mute is cancelled before attenuating , the attenuation is discontinued and
returned to ATT level by the same cycle. The soft mute is effective for changing the signal source without
stopping the signal transmission.
SMUTE pin or
SMUTE bit
(1)
(1)
ATT_Level
(3)
Attenuation
-
GD
(2)
GD
(2)
AOUT
Note:
(1) ATT_DATA  ATT transition time. For example, this time is 1020LRCK cycles (1020/fs) at
ATT_DATA=255 in Normal Speed Mode.
(2) The analog output corresponding to the digital input has group delay (GD).
(3) If the soft mute is cancelled before attenuating  after starting the operation, the attenuation is
discontinued and returned to ATT level by the same cycle.
Figure 26. Soft Mute Function and Zero Detection
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[AK4432]
■ Error Detection
Three types of error can be detected by the AK4432 (Table 12). The internal LDO will be powered down
and register access will be disabled when an error is detected. Once an error is detected, the AK4432 will
not return to normal operation automatically even if all error conditions are removed. Reset the AK4432
once by bringing the PDN pin = “L” and start up again. In I2C mode, errors can be detected by monitoring
Acknowledge. If an error occurs, the AK4432 stops sending Acknowledge.
No
Error
Error Condition
1
Internal Reference Voltage Error
Internal reference voltage is not powered up.
2
LDO Over Voltage Detection
LDO voltage > 1.6V (Typ)
3
LDO Over Current Detection
LDO current < 100mA (Typ)
Table 12. ERROR Detection
■ System Reset
The AK4432 should be reset once by bringing the PDN pin = “L” upon power-up. Power-down state of the
reference voltage such as LDO and VCOM will be released by the PDN pin = “H”, and then after 1ms
register writing becomes available. The internal DAC will be powered up after MCLK and LRCK are input.
The AK4432 is in power-down state until MCLK and LRCK are input.
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[AK4432]
■ Power Down Function
The AK4432 is placed in power-down mode by bringing the PDN pin “L” and the analog outputs become
floating (Hi-Z) state. Power-up and power-down timings are shown in Figure 27.
Power
(1)
PDN pin
LDOO pin
(2)
Internal PDN
Internal
State
Normal Operation (Register Write and DAC input are available)
DAC In
(Digital)
“0”data
“0”data
GD
(4)
DAC Out
(Analog)
Reset
(3)
(5)
GD
(5)
(4)
(6)
Clock In
Don’t care
Don’t care
MCLK,LRCK,BICK
External
Mute
(7)
Mute ON
Mute ON
Note:
(1) After AVDD and LVDD are powered-up, the PDN pin should be “L” for 800ns.
(2) After PDN pin = “H”, the LDO circuit (internal digital block driving power supply) and REF
generating circuit (analog reference voltage source) are powered up, and control registers are
initialized. Control register settings should be made after 1ms from the PDN pin = “H”.
(3) The analog output corresponding to digital input has group delay (GD).
(4) Analog outputs are floating (Hi-Z) in power down mode.
(5) Click noise occurs at an edge of PDN signal. This noise is output even if “0” data is input.
(6) MCLK, BICK and LRCK clocks can be stopped in power-down mode (PDN pin= “L”).
(7) Mute the analog output externally if click noise (5) adversely affect system performance.
The timing example is shown in this figure.
Figure 27. Pin Power Down/Up Sequence Example
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[AK4432]
■ Power Off and Reset Functions
PMDA
DAC
0
1
OFF
ON
Register
Digital
Analog Output
Keep
OFF
Hi-Z
Keep
ON
normal
Table 13. Power OFF and Reset Function
(default)
(1) Power OFF Function (PMDA bit)
All DACs will be powered down immediately by setting PMDA bit to “0”. In this time, all internal circuits
except register are powered down and the analog output goes to floating state (Hi-z). Figure 28 shows a
timing example of power-on and power-down.
PMDA bit
Internal
State
Normal Operation
Power-off
D/A In
(Digital)
Normal Operation
“0” data
GD
D/A Out
(Analog)
(1)
GD
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(4)
Clock In
Don’t care
MCLK, BICK, LRCK
External
MUTE
(5)
Mute ON
Note:
(1) The analog output corresponding to digital input has group delay (GD).
(2) Analog outputs are floating (Hi-Z) in power down mode.
(3) Click noise occurs at the edges (“ ”) of the internal timing of PMDA bit. This noise is output
even if “0” data is input.
(4) Each clock input (MCLK, BICK, LRCK) can be stopped in power down mode (PMDA bit = “0”).
(5) Mute the analog output externally if the click noise (3) adversely affects system performance.
Figure 28. Power-off/on Sequence Example 1
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[AK4432]
■ Clock Synchronization
The AK4432 has a reset function of internal counter that keeps the phase difference of the DAC outputs
between the AK7738 less than 13/256fs. Clock synchronization function is enabled by SYNCE bit = “1”
(default = “1”). SYNCE bit setting must be changed when data is all “0” (no data input). When SYNCE bit
= “1” (default) MSB justified and 32-bit I2S compatible formats are available but LSB justified format is not
available.
(1) Synchronization with AK7738
In the use cases shown below (Figure 29), the phase difference of DAC output between the AK7738
and the AK4432 can be kept less than 13/256fs by clock synchronization function.
Use Case1
Use Case2
Figure 29. Available Use Cases for Synchronization with the AK7738
Note: When synchronizing with the AK7738, both the AK7738 and the AK4432 should be set as BICK
=64fs, 32-bit MSB justified (DIF2-0 bits = “110”).
LRCK[kHz]
Normal
Double
Quad
BICK[fs]
MCLK[fs]
MCLK[MHz]
Phase Diff. [1/MCLK]
Phase Diff. [µs]
Phase Diff. [deg] *1
48
64
256
12.288
7 ~ 13
0.57 ~ 1.06
4.1 ~ 7.6
96
64
256
24.576
9 ~ 12
0.37 ~ 0.49
2.6 ~ 3.5
192
64
128
24.576
7 ~ 10
0.29 ~ 0.41
2.1 ~ 2.9
Table 14. Phase Difference Relationship between the AK7738 and the AK4432
Note 16. Phase difference to a 20 kHz signal.
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[AK4432]
■ Parallel Mode
The AK4432 will be in parallel control mode (pin control mode) by bringing the PS pin= “H”. In parallel
mode, functions that need to set by registers are not available except three followings that can be used by
pin settings.
Functions that cannot be controlled by pin settings are operated in their default register settings.
■ Audio Interface
The DIF pin controls audio interface mode (Table 15). Available modes are 32-bit MSB justified (DIF pin =
“L”) and 32-bit I2C compatible (DIF pin = “H”).
DIF pin
Mode
L
Mode6 (Table 7)
H
Mode7 (Table 7)
Table 15. Audio Interface Forma (Parallel Mode)
■ Soft Mute
Soft mute function can be used by controlling SUMTE signal by the SMUTE pin. (Figure 26)
■ System Clock
Auto setting mode becomes available by setting the ACKS pin to “H”. The AK4432 is in Manual setting
mode when the ACKS pin is “L”. In this case, the sampling speed is fixed to Normal speed mode (Table
16). Input MCKI frequency shown in Table 16.
ACKS pin
L
H
H
H
015002029-E-00
MCKI
Sampling Speed Mode
768fs, 512fs, 384fs, 256fs
Normal Speed Mode
512fs, 768fs
Normal Speed Mode
256fs, 384fs
Double Speed Mode
128fs, 192fs
Quad Speed Mode
Table 16. System Clock (Parallel Mode)
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[AK4432]
■ Serial Control Interface
The AK4432 corresponds to both 3-wire serial and I2C bus interfaces. After releasing power-down mode,
the AK4432 is in I2C interface mode. 3-wire serial mode will be enabled by writing a dummy command
four times continuously following power-up when the CSN pin = “H”. (Figure 30)
Input “0cDE → 0xADDA → 0x7A” to the CDTI pin during the CSN pin = “L” is defined as a dummy
command. The data format is MSB first. (Figure 30)
CSN
CCLK
CDTI
Dummy Command
Dummy Command
Dummy Command
Dummy Command
CSN
CCLK
CDTI
don’tcare
(L/H)
0xDE (8bit)
0x7A(8bit)
0xADDA (16bit)
don’tcare
(L/H)
Figure 30. Dummy Comand Format
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[AK4432]
(1) 3-wire Serial Control Mode (I2C pin = “L”)
The internal registers may be written through the 3-wire µP interface pins (CSN, CCLK and CDTI). The
data on this interface consists of a Command code (8bits, the most significant bit is R/W flag and fixed to
“1” (write only) and other 7bits are fixed to “1000000”), Register address (MSB first, 16bits) and Control
data (MSB first, 8bits) (Figure 31). Address and data are clocked in on the rising edge of CCLK and data
is clocked out on the falling edge. For write operations, data is latched on the 8th rising edge of CCLK.
The clock speed of CCLK is 7MHz (max).
The AK4432 can perform more than one byte write operation per sequence (Figure 35). The master can
transmit more than one byte instead of terminating the write cycle after the first data byte is transferred.
After receiving each data packet the internal 16-bit address counter is incremented by one, and the next
data is automatically taken into the next address. If the address exceeds 05H prior to generating a stop
condition, the address counter will “roll over” to 00H and the previous data will be overwritten.
Internal registers are initialized by setting the PDN pin = “L”.
CSN
CCLK
don’tcare
CDTI (L/H)
Command Code (8bit)
don’tcare
(L/H)
Control Data (8bit)
Register Address (16bit)
Figure 31. Control I/F Timing
R/W
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W: READ/WRITE (Fixed to “1”, Write only)
Figure 32. Command Code
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A2
A1
A0
Figure 33. Register Address
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Figure 34. Control Data
* The AK4432 does not support data read in 3-wire serial mode.
* Control register write is not possible when the PDN pin = “L”.
* Data will not be written if there are 17times or more CCLK rising edges, or 15times or less CCLK rising
edges while the CSN pin is “L”.
CSN
CCLK
CDTI
don’t care
(L/H)
Command
Address
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
don’t care
(L/H)
Figure 35. Continuous Write of Control Data
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[AK4432]
(2) I2C-bus Control Mode
The I2C-bus in the AK4432 can run in fast-mode (max: 400kHz) and fast-mode plus (max: 1MHz) (Table
17). I2C-bus mode should be fixed to either mode during operation. The PDN pin must be “L” when
changing the I2C-bus mode.
SMUTE/CSN/I2CFIL pin
Bus Mode
L
Fast Mode
H
Fast Mode Plus
Table 17. I2C-Bus Mode Setting
(1) WRITE Operation
Figure 36 shows the data transfer sequence of the I2C-bus mode. All commands are preceded by a
START condition. A High to Low transition on the SDA line while SCL is HIGH indicates a START
condition (Figure 44). After a START condition, a slave address is sent. This address is 7 bits long
followed by the eighth bit that is a data direction bit (R/W). The most significant seven bits of the slave
address are fixed as “0011001” (Figure 37). If the slave address matches that of the AK4432, the AK4432
generates an acknowledge and the operation is executed. The master must generate the
acknowledge-related clock pulse and release the SDA line (HIGH) during the acknowledge clock pulse
(Figure 45). R/W bit = “1” indicates that the read operation is to be executed. “0” indicates that the write
operation is to be executed.
The second byte is an 8-bit command code. The format is MSB first, and it is fixed to “11000000” (Figure
38).
The third byte and fourth byte consist of the control register address of the AK4432. The format is MSB
first, the third byte is fixed to zeros and the most significant 5bits of the fourth byte are fixed to zeros
(Figure 39, Figure 40). The data after the fifth byte contains control data. The format is MSB first, 8bits
(Figure 41). The AK4432 generates an acknowledge after each byte is received. Data transfer is always
terminated by a STOP condition generated by the master. A LOW to HIGH transition on the SDA line
while SCL is HIGH defines STOP condition (Figure 44).
The AK4432 can perform more than one byte write operation per sequence. The master can transmit
more than one byte instead of terminating the write cycle after the first data byte is transferred. After
receiving each data packet the internal 16-bit address counter is incremented by one, and the next data is
automatically taken into the next address. If the address exceeds “05H” prior to generating a stop
condition, the address counter will “roll over” to “00H” and the previous data will be overwritten.
The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the HIGH period of the clock. The HIGH or LOW state
of the data line can only be changed when the clock signal on the SCL line is LOW (Figure 46) except for
the START and STOP conditions.
S
T
A
R
T
S
T
O
P
R/W=”0”
Slave
SDA S Address
Command
Code
A
C
K
Address(1)
Address(0)
A
C
K
A
C
K
Data(0)
A
C
K
A
C
K
P
Data(n)
Data(1)
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
Figure 36. Data Transfer Sequence in I2C-bus Mode
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[AK4432]
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
A2
A1
A0
D1
D0
R/W: READ/WRITE (“0”: Write, “1”: Read)
Figure 37. The First Byte
1
1
0
0
0
0
Figure 38. The Second Byte
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 39. The Third Byte
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 40. The Fourth Byte
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
Figure 41. Byte Structure of The Fifth and Succeeding Bytes
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[AK4432]
(2) READ Operation
In the AK4432, when a “write- slave-address assignment” (R/W bit = “0”) is received at the first
byte(Figure 37), the command code “01000000”(Figure 44) at the second byte and the address at the
third and fourth bytes are received (Figure 39, Figure 40). When the fourth byte is received and an
acknowledgement is transmitted, the read command waits for the next restart condition. After receiving
the restart condition, if a “read slave-address assignment” is received at the first byte, data is transferred
at the second and succeeding bytes. When the master does not generate an acknowledge but generates
a stop condition instead, the AK4432 ceases transmission.
S
T
A
R
T
R
E
S
T
A
R
T
R/W=”0”
Slave
SDA S Address
Command
Code
A
C
K
Address(0)
A
C
K
A
C
K
Slave
S Address
Address(1)
S
T
O
P
R/W=”1”
Data(0)
A
C
K
A
C
K
MA
AC
SK
T
E
R
MA
AC
SK
T
E
R
P
Data(n)
Data(1)
MA
AC
SK
T
E
R
MN
A A
S C
T K
E
R
Figure 42. Random Address Read
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 43. The Second Byte (READ)
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[AK4432]
SDA
SCL
S
P
start condition
stop condition
Figure 44. START and STOP Conditions
DATA
OUTPUT BY
TRANSMITTER
not acknowledge
DATA
OUTPUT BY
RECEIVER
acknowledge
SCL FROM
MASTER
2
1
8
9
S
clock pulse for
acknowledgement
START
CONDITION
Figure 45. Acknowledge on the I2C-Bus
SDA
SCL
data line
stable;
data valid
change
of data
allowed
Figure 46. Bit Transfer on the I2C-Bus
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[AK4432]
■ Register Map
Addr
00H
01H
02H
03H
04H
05H
Register Name
Power Management
Control 1
Data interface
Control 2
AOUTL Volume Control
AOUTR Volume Control
D7
0
0
0
0
ATTL7
ATTR7
D6
0
0
SDS1
0
ATTL6
ATTR6
D5
0
0
SDS0
0
ATTL5
ATTR5
D4
0
0
TDM1
DASL
ATTL4
ATTR4
D3
0
0
TDM0
DASD
ATTL3
ATTR3
D2
0
DFS1
DIF2
ATS
ATTL2
ATTR2
D1
D0
PMDA
0
DFS0
ACKS
DIF1
DIF0
SMUTE SYNCE
ATTL1 ATTL0
ATTR1 ATTR0
Note 17. Data must not be written into addresses from 06H to FFH.
Note 18. The bit defined as 0 must contain a “0” value.
Note 19. When the PDN pin goes to “L”, the registers are initialized to their default values.
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[AK4432]
■ Register Definitions
Addr
00H
Register Name
Power Management
R/W
Default
D7
0
R/W
0
D6
0
R/W
0
D5
0
R/W
0
D4
0
R/W
0
D3
0
R/W
0
D2
0
R/W
0
D1
PMDA
R/W
1
D0
0
R/W
0
D1
DFS0
R/W
0
D0
ACKS
R/W
0
RMDA: DAC Power Management
0: Power Down
1: Normal Operation
Addr
01H
Register Name
Control 1
R/W
Default
D7
0
R/W
0
D6
0
R/W
0
D5
0
R/W
0
D4
0
R/W
0
D3
0
R/W
0
D2
DFS1
R/W
0
ACKS: Master Clock Frequency Auto Setting Mode Enable
0: Disable, Manual Setting Mode
1: Enable, Auto Setting Mode
When ACKS bit = “1”, the MCLK frequency is detected automatically. In this case, the
setting of DFS bits is ignored. When this bit is “0”, DFS1-0 bits set the sampling speed
mode and MCLK frequency for each mode is detected automatically.
DFS1-0: Sampling Speed Mode (Table 1)
The setting of DFS bits is ignored at ACKS bit =“1”.
Addr
02H
Register Name
Data interface
R/W
Default
D7
0
R/W
0
D6
SDS1
R/W
0
D5
SDS0
R/W
0
D4
TDM1
R/W
0
D3
TDM0
R/W
0
D2
DIF2
R/W
1
D1
DIF1
R/W
1
D0
DIF0
R/W
0
DIF2-0: Audio Interface Mode Select (Table 7)
Default: “110” (32-bit MSB justified)
TDM1-0: TDM Format Select
Default: “00” (Stereo Mode)
Mode TDM1 TDM0
Sampling Speed Mode
0
0
0
Stereo mode (Normal, Double, Quad Speed Mode)
1
0
1
TDM128 mode (Normal, Double, Quad Speed Mode)
2
1
0
TDM256 mode (Double, Quad Speed Mode)
3
1
1
TDM256 mode (Double, Quad Speed Mode)
SDS1-0: DAC Data Select
Default: “00” (Stereo Mode)
0: Normal Operation
1: Output Other Slot Data (Table 8)
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[AK4432]
Addr
03H
Register Name
Control 2
R/W
Default
D7
0
R/W
0
D6
0
R/W
0
D5
0
R/W
0
D4
DASL
R/W
0
D3
DASD
R/W
0
D2
ATS
R/W
0
D1
D0
SMUTE SYNCE
R/W
R/W
0
1
SYNCE: SYNC Mode Enable
0: OFF
1: ON (default)
SMUTE: Soft Mute Enable
0: Normal Operation
1: All DAC outputs are soft muted
ATS: Transition Time Setting of Digital Attenuator (Table 10)
Default: “00”
DASD: Digital Filter Setting for DAC Block
0: Sharp roll off filter or Slow roll off filter (default)
1: Short delay Sharp roll off filter or Short delay Slow roll off filter
DASL: Slow Roll-off Filter Enable for DAC Block
0: Sharp Roll-off Filter (default)
1: Slow Roll-off Filter
DASD bit
0
0
1
1
Addr
04H
05H
DASL bit
Mode
0
Sharp roll-off filter
1
Slow roll-off filter
0
Short delay Sharp roll-off filter
1
Short delay Slow roll-off filter
Table 18 Digital Filter setting for DAC Block
Register Name
AOUTL Volume Control
AOUTR Volume Control
R/W
Default
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
(default)
D2
D1
D0
ATTL7
ATTR7
ATTL6
ATTR6
ATTL5
ATTR5
ATTL4
ATTR4
ATTL3
ATTR3
ATTL2
ATTR2
ATTL1
ATTR1
ATTL0
ATTR0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
1
R/W
1
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
ATTL7-0: DAC Lch Attenuation Level
Default:18(0dB)
ATTR7-0: DAC Rch Attenuation Level
Default:18(0dB)
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[AK4432]
13. Recommended External Circuits
1
MCLK
LDOO
16
2
BICK
LVDD
15
1.0u
Audio
Controller
3
SDTI
4
LRCK
5
PDN
6
0.1u
AVDD
14
VSS
13
VCOM
12
SMUTE/CSN/I2CFIL
AOUTL
11
7
ACKS/CCLK/SCL
AOUTR
10
8
DIF/CDTI/SDA
PS
9
0.1u
μP
AK4432
+
+
10u
10u
LDO Supply
3.0 to 3.6V
Analog Supply
3.0 to 3.6V
2.2u
1.0u
Lch Out
MUTE
Rch Out
1.0u
Connect to AVDD or VSS
Digital Ground
Analog Ground
Figure 47. System Connection Diagram (P/S pin = “H”)
1
MCLK
LDOO
16
2
BICK
LVDD
15
3
SDTI
AVDD
14
4
LRCK
VSS
13
1.0u
Audio
Controller
0.1u
0.1u
AK4432
+
+
10u
10u
LDO Supply
3.0 to 3.6V
Analog Supply
3.0 to 3.6V
2.2u
5
PDN
VCOM
12
6
SMUTE/CSN/I2CFIL
AOUTL
11
7
ACKS/CCLK/SCL
AOUTR
10
8
DIF/CDTI/SDA
PS
9
1.0u
μP
Lch Out
MUTE
Rch Out
1.0u
Digital Ground
Analog Ground
Figure 48. System Connection Diagram (P/S pin = “L”)
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[AK4432]
1. Grounding and Power Supply Decoupling
The AK4432 requires careful attention to power supply and grounding arrangements. VSS must be
connected to the same analog ground plane. Decoupling capacitors should be as near to the
AK4432 as possible.
2. Voltage Reference
VCOM is a signal ground of this chip and output the voltage AVDDx1/2. A 2.2F (±50% includes
temperature characteristics) ceramic capacitor attached between the VCOM pin and VSS eliminates the
effects of high frequency noise. This capacitor should be as close to the pin as possible. No load current
may be drawn from the VCOM pin. All signals, especially clocks, should be kept away from the VCOM pin
in order to avoid unwanted coupling into the AK4432.
The LDOO pin is a power supply for internal digital circuit and outputs 1.2V. A 1F (±50% includes
temperature characteristics) ceramic capacitor attached between the LDOO pin and VSS eliminates the
effects of high frequency noise. This capacitor should be connected as close as possible to the pin. No
load current may be drawn from the LDOO pin.
3. Analog Output
The output signal range is nominally 0.86 x AVDD Vpp (typ.) centered around the VCOM voltage. The
DAC input data format is 2’s complement. The output voltage is a positive full scale for
7FFFFFFFH(@32bit) and a negative full scale for 80000000H(@32bit). The ideal output is VCOM
voltage for 00000000H(@32bit). The internal analog filters remove most of the noise generated by the
delta-sigma modulator of DAC beyond the audio passband, in single-ended input mode.
DC offsets on analog outputs are eliminated by AC coupling since DAC outputs have DC offsets of a few
mV.
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14. Package
■ Outline Dimensions
16-pin TSSOP
(Unit: mm)
■ Material & Lead Finish
Package molding compound: Epoxy, Halogen (Br and Cl) free
Lead frame material:
Cu
Lead frame surface treatment: Solder (Pb free) plate
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[AK4432]
■ Marking
AKM
4432
XXYYY
1) Pin #1 indication
2) Date Code: XXXX (4 digits)
3) Marking Code: 4432
15. Revision History
Date (Y/M/D)
15/02/18
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Revision
00
Reason
Page
First Edition
Contents
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[AK4432]
IMPORTANT NOTICE
0. Asahi Kasei Microdevices Corporation (“AKM”) reserves the right to make changes to the
information contained in this document without notice. When you consider any use or application
of AKM product stipulated in this document (“Product”), please make inquiries the sales office of
AKM or authorized distributors as to current status of the Products.
1. All information included in this document are provided only to illustrate the operation and
application examples of AKM Products. AKM neither makes warranties or representations with
respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this document nor
grants any license to any intellectual property rights or any other rights of AKM or any third party
with respect to the information in this document. You are fully responsible for use of such
information contained in this document in your product design or applications. AKM ASSUMES
NO LIABILITY FOR ANY LOSSES INCURRED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES ARISING FROM
THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION IN YOUR PRODUCT DESIGN OR APPLICATIONS.
2. The Product is neither intended nor warranted for use in equipment or systems that require
extraordinarily high levels of quality and/or reliability and/or a malfunction or failure of which may
cause loss of human life, bodily injury, serious property damage or serious public impact,
including but not limited to, equipment used in nuclear facilities, equipment used in the
aerospace industry, medical equipment, equipment used for automobiles, trains, ships and
other transportation, traffic signaling equipment, equipment used to control combustions or
explosions, safety devices, elevators and escalators, devices related to electric power, and
equipment used in finance-related fields. Do not use Product for the above use unless
specifically agreed by AKM in writing.
3. Though AKM works continually to improve the Product’s quality and reliability, you are
responsible for complying with safety standards and for providing adequate designs and
safeguards for your hardware, software and systems which minimize risk and avoid situations in
which a malfunction or failure of the Product could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or
damage to property, including data loss or corruption.
4. Do not use or otherwise make available the Product or related technology or any information
contained in this document for any military purposes, including without limitation, for the design,
development, use, stockpiling or manufacturing of nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons or
missile technology products (mass destruction weapons). When exporting the Products or
related technology or any information contained in this document, you should comply with the
applicable export control laws and regulations and follow the procedures required by such laws
and regulations. The Products and related technology may not be used for or incorporated into
any products or systems whose manufacture, use, or sale is prohibited under any applicable
domestic or foreign laws or regulations.
5. Please contact AKM sales representative for details as to environmental matters such as the
RoHS compatibility of the Product. Please use the Product in compliance with all applicable laws
and regulations that regulate the inclusion or use of controlled substances, including without
limitation, the EU RoHS Directive. AKM assumes no liability for damages or losses occurring as
a result of noncompliance with applicable laws and regulations.
6. Resale of the Product with provisions different from the statement and/or technical features set
forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by AKM for the Product and
shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any liability of AKM.
7. This document may not be reproduced or duplicated, in any form, in whole or in part, without
prior written consent of AKM.
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