Intel LXT972A 3.3v dual-speed fast ethernet transceiver datasheet Datasheet

LXT972A
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Datasheet
The LXT972A is an IEEE compliant Fast Ethernet PHY Transceiver that directly supports both
100BASE-TX and 10BASE-T applications. It provides a Media Independent Interface (MII) for
easy attachment to 10/100 Media Access Controllers (MACs).
This document also supports the LXT972.
The LXT972A supports full-duplex operation at 10Mbps and 100Mbps. Its operating condition
can be set using auto-negotiation, parallel detection, or manual control.
The LXT972A is fabricated with an advanced CMOS process and requires only a single 3.3V
power supply.
Applications
■
Combination 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX
Network Interface Cards (NICs)
■
■
10/100 PCMCIA Cards
Cable Modems and Set-Top Boxes
Product Features
■
■
■
■
■
■
3.3V Operation.
Low power consumption (300 mW
typical).
10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX using a
single RJ-45 connection.
Supports auto-negotiation and parallel
detection.
MII interface with extended register
capability.
Robust baseline wander correction
performance.
■
■
■
■
Standard CSMA/CD or full-duplex
operation.
Configurable via MDIO serial port or
hardware control pins.
Integrated, programmable LED drivers.
64-pin Low-profile Quad Flat Package
(LQFP).
— LXT972ALC - Commercial (0° to 70°C
ambient).
As of January 15, 2001, this document replaces the Level One document
LXT972A 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet.
Order Number: 249186-002
January 2001
Information in this document is provided in connection with Intel® products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual
property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Intel’s Terms and Conditions of Sale for such products, Intel assumes no liability
whatsoever, and Intel disclaims any express or implied warranty, relating to sale and/or use of Intel products including liability or warranties relating to
fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. Intel products are not
intended for use in medical, life saving, or life sustaining applications.
Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice.
Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked "reserved" or "undefined." Intel reserves these for
future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them.
The LXT972A may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current
characterized errata are available on request.
Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.
Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature may be obtained by calling
1-800-548-4725 or by visiting Intel’s website at http://www.intel.com.
Copyright © Intel Corporation, 2001
*Third-party brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Contents
1.0
Pin Assignments ............................................................................................................10
2.0
Signal Descriptions........................................................................................................13
3.0
Functional Description ..................................................................................................16
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Datasheet
Introduction..........................................................................................................16
3.1.1 Comprehensive Functionality .................................................................16
3.1.2 OSP™ Architecture ................................................................................16
Network Media / Protocol Support.......................................................................17
3.2.1 10/100 Network Interface .......................................................................17
3.2.1.1 Twisted-Pair Interface ...............................................................17
3.2.1.2 Fault Detection and Reporting...................................................17
3.2.2 MII Data Interface...................................................................................18
3.2.3 Configuration Management Interface .....................................................18
3.2.3.1 MDIO Management Interface ....................................................18
3.2.3.2 MII Interrupts .............................................................................19
3.2.3.3 Hardware Control Interface .......................................................19
Operating Requirements .....................................................................................20
3.3.1 Power Requirements..............................................................................20
3.3.2 Clock Requirements ...............................................................................20
3.3.2.1 External Crystal/Oscillator .........................................................20
3.3.2.2 MDIO Clock ...............................................................................20
Initialization..........................................................................................................21
3.4.1 MDIO Control Mode ...............................................................................21
3.4.2 Hardware Control Mode .........................................................................21
3.4.3 Reduced Power Modes ..........................................................................22
3.4.3.1 Hardware Power Down .............................................................22
3.4.3.2 Software Power Down ...............................................................22
3.4.4 Reset ......................................................................................................23
3.4.5 Hardware Configuration Settings ...........................................................23
Establishing Link .................................................................................................24
3.5.1 Auto-Negotiation.....................................................................................24
3.5.1.1 Base Page Exchange................................................................24
3.5.1.2 Next Page Exchange.................................................................24
3.5.1.3 Controlling Auto-Negotiation .....................................................25
3.5.2 Parallel Detection ...................................................................................25
MII Operation.......................................................................................................25
3.6.1 MII Clocks...............................................................................................26
3.6.2 Transmit Enable .....................................................................................26
3.6.3 Receive Data Valid.................................................................................26
3.6.4 Carrier Sense .........................................................................................26
3.6.5 Error Signals...........................................................................................26
3.6.6 Collision..................................................................................................26
3.6.7 Loopback................................................................................................28
3.6.7.1 Operational Loopback ...............................................................28
3.6.7.2 Test Loopback ...........................................................................28
100Mbps Operation.............................................................................................29
3
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
3.7.1
3.7.2
3.7.3
3.8
3.9
3.10
4.0
Application Information................................................................................................. 40
4.1
4.2
5.0
100BASE-X Network Operations ........................................................... 29
Collision Indication ................................................................................. 31
100BASE-X Protocol Sublayer Operations ............................................ 31
3.7.3.1 PCS Sublayer............................................................................ 31
3.7.3.2 PMA Sublayer ........................................................................... 34
3.7.3.3 Twisted-Pair PMD Sublayer ...................................................... 34
10Mbps Operation............................................................................................... 35
3.8.1 10T Preamble Handling ......................................................................... 35
3.8.2 10T Carrier Sense.................................................................................. 36
3.8.3 10T Dribble Bits...................................................................................... 36
3.8.4 10T Link Integrity Test............................................................................ 36
3.8.4.1 Link Failure................................................................................ 36
3.8.5 10T SQE (Heartbeat) ............................................................................. 36
3.8.6 10T Jabber ............................................................................................. 36
3.8.7 10T Polarity Correction .......................................................................... 37
Monitoring Operations......................................................................................... 37
3.9.1 Monitoring Auto-Negotiation................................................................... 37
3.9.1.1 Monitoring Next Page Exchange............................................... 37
3.9.2 LED Functions........................................................................................ 37
3.9.2.1 LED Pulse Stretching ................................................................ 38
Boundary Scan (JTAG1149.1) Functions ........................................................... 38
3.10.1 Boundary Scan Interface........................................................................ 38
3.10.2 State Machine ....................................................................................... 39
3.10.3 Instruction Register ................................................................................ 39
3.10.4 Boundary Scan Register (BSR).............................................................. 39
Magnetics Information......................................................................................... 40
Typical Twisted-Pair Interface............................................................................. 40
Test Specifications ........................................................................................................ 44
5.1
5.2
Electrical Parameters .......................................................................................... 44
Timing Diagrams ................................................................................................. 47
6.0
Register Definitions ....................................................................................................... 55
7.0
Package Specification ................................................................................................... 70
4
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Figures
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
LXT972A Block Diagram ....................................................................................... 9
LXT972A 64-Pin LQFP Assignments ..................................................................10
Management Interface Read Frame Structure ...................................................19
Management Interface Write Frame Structure ...................................................19
Interrupt Logic ....................................................................................................20
Initialization Sequence .......................................................................................22
Hardware Configuration Settings .......................................................................23
Link Establishment Overview .............................................................................25
10BASE-T Clocking ............................................................................................27
100BASE-X Clocking .........................................................................................27
Link Down Clock Transition ................................................................................27
Loopback Paths ..................................................................................................28
100BASE-X Frame Format ................................................................................29
100BASE-TX Data Path .....................................................................................29
100BASE-TX Reception with no Errors ..............................................................30
100BASE-TX Reception with Invalid Symbol .....................................................30
100BASE-TX Transmission with no Errors .......................................................31
100BASE-TX Transmission with Collision .........................................................31
Protocol Sublayers .............................................................................................32
LED Pulse Stretching .........................................................................................38
Typical Twisted-Pair Interface - Switch ...............................................................41
Typical Twisted-Pair Interface - NIC ...................................................................42
Typical MII Interface ...........................................................................................43
100BASE-TX Receive Timing - 4B Mode ...........................................................47
100BASE-TX Transmit Timing - 4B Mode ..........................................................48
10BASE-T Receive Timing .................................................................................49
10BASE-T Transmit Timing ................................................................................50
10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing ............................................................51
10BASE-T SQE (Heartbeat) Timing ...................................................................51
Auto Negotiation and Fast Link Pulse Timing ....................................................52
Fast Link Pulse Timing .......................................................................................52
MDIO Input Timing .............................................................................................53
MDIO Output Timing ..........................................................................................53
Power-Up Timing ................................................................................................54
RESET Pulse Width and Recovery Timing ........................................................54
PHY Identifier Bit Mapping .................................................................................60
LXT972A LQFP Package Specifications ............................................................70
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
LQFP Numeric Pin List.......................................................................................11
LXT972A MII Signal Descriptions........................................................................13
LXT972A Network Interface Signal Descriptions ................................................14
LXT972A Miscellaneous Signal Descriptions......................................................14
LXT972A Power Supply Signal Descriptions ......................................................15
LXT972A JTAG Test Signal Descriptions ...........................................................15
LXT972A LED Signal Descriptions......................................................................15
Hardware Configuration Settings ........................................................................24
Tables
Datasheet
5
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
6
Carrier Sense, Loopback, and Collision Conditions............................................ 28
4B/5B Coding ...................................................................................................... 33
BSR Mode of Operation ...................................................................................... 39
Supported JTAG Instructions .............................................................................. 39
Device ID Register .............................................................................................. 39
Magnetics Requirements .................................................................................... 40
RJ-45 Pin Comparison of NIC and Switch Twisted-Pair Interfaces .................... 40
Absolute Maximum Ratings ................................................................................ 44
Operating Conditions .......................................................................................... 44
Digital I/O Characteristics 1................................................................................. 45
Digital I/O Characteristics - MII Pins ................................................................... 45
I/O Characteristics - REFCLK/XI and XO Pins.................................................... 45
I/O Characteristics - LED/CFG Pins.................................................................... 45
100BASE-TX Transceiver Characteristics .......................................................... 46
10BASE-T Transceiver Characteristics............................................................... 46
10BASE-T Link Integrity Timing Characteristics ................................................. 46
100BASE-TX Receive Timing Parameters - 4B Mode........................................ 47
100BASE-TX Transmit Timing Parameters - 4B Mode ....................................... 48
10BASE-T Receive Timing Parameters.............................................................. 49
10BASE-T Transmit Timing Parameters............................................................. 50
10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing Parameters ......................................... 51
10BASE-T SQE Timing Parameters ................................................................... 51
Auto Negotiation and Fast Link Pulse Timing Parameters.................................. 52
MDIO Timing Parameters ................................................................................... 53
Power-Up Timing Parameters............................................................................ 54
RESET Pulse Width and Recovery Timing Parameters .................................... 54
Register Set ........................................................................................................ 55
Register Bit Map.................................................................................................. 56
Control Register (Address 0)............................................................................... 58
MII Status Register #1 (Address 1) ..................................................................... 58
PHY Identification Register 1 (Address 2)........................................................... 59
PHY Identification Register 2 (Address 3)........................................................... 60
Auto Negotiation Advertisement Register (Address 4)........................................ 61
Auto Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register (Address 5) .............. 62
Auto Negotiation Expansion (Address 6) ............................................................ 63
Auto Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register (Address 7) ............................... 63
Auto Negotiation Link Partner Next Page Receive Register (Address 8) ........... 64
Configuration Register (Address 16, Hex 10) ..................................................... 64
Status Register #2 (Address 17) ......................................................................... 65
Interrupt Enable Register (Address 18)............................................................... 66
Interrupt Status Register (Address 19, Hex 13) .................................................. 66
LED Configuration Register (Address 20, Hex 14) ............................................. 68
Transmit Control Register #2 (Address 30)......................................................... 69
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Revision History
Revision
Date
Description
002
January 2001
Clock Requirements: Modified language under Clock Requirements heading.
I/O Characteristics REFCLK (table): Changed values for Input Clock Duty
Cycle under Min from 40 to 35 and under Max from 60 to 65.
Datasheet
7
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Figure 1. LXT972A Block Diagram
RESET
Pwr Supply
Management /
Mode Select
Logic
ADDR0
MDIO
MDC
MDINT
MDDIS
Register Set
Manchester
10
Encoder
TX_CLK
Parallel/Serial
Converter
TX PCS
TX_ER
OSP™
Scrambler 100
& Encoder
Pulse
Shaper
TxSLEW<1:0>
TP
Driver
+
TPOP
-
Register
Set
Collision
Detect
Clock
Generator
Media
Select
OSP™
Adaptive EQ with
Baseline Wander
Cancellation
RX PCS
RX_ER
JTAG
TDI,
TDO,
TMS,
TCK,
TRST
100TX
-
RXD<3:0>
CRS
TPON
+
RX_CLK
RXDV
TP Out
Auto
Negotiation
LED/CFG<3:1>
COL
REFCLK
Clock
Generator
TX_EN
TXD<3:0>
VCC
GND
PWRDWN
Carrier Sense
Data Valid
Error Detect
Serial-toParallel
Converter
10
Manchester
Decoder
100
Decoder &
Descrambler
TPIP
TP In
OSP™
TPIN
Slicer
+
10BT
-
Datasheet
9
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
1.0
Pin Assignments
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
MDINT
CRS
COL
GND
TXD3
TXD2
TXD1
TXD0
TX_EN
TX_CLK
TX_ER
RX_ER
RX_CLK
VCCD
GND
RX_DV
Figure 2. LXT972A 64-Pin LQFP Assignments
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Part #
LOT #
FPO #
LXT972A XX
XXXXXX
XXXXXXXX
Rev #
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
RXD0
RXD1
RXD2
RXD3
N/C
MDC
MDIO
GND
VCCIO
PWRDWN
LED/CFG1
LED/CFG2
LED/CFG3
TEST1
TEST0
PAUSE
RBIAS
GND
TPOP
TPON
VCCA
VCCA
TPIP
TPIN
GND
GND
TDI
TDO
TMS
TCK
TRST
GND
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
REFCLK/XI
XO
MDDIS
RESET
TXSLEW0
TXSLEW1
GND
VCCIO
N/C
N/C
GND
ADDR0
GND
GND
GND
GND
Package Topside Markings
Marking
Definition
Part #
LXT972A is the unique identifier for this product family.
Rev #
Identifies the particular silicon “stepping” (Refer to Specification Update for additional stepping
information.)
Lot #
Identifies the batch.
FPO #
Identifies the Finish Process Order.
10
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 1.
LQFP Numeric Pin List
Symbol
Type
Reference for
Full Description
1
REFCLK/XI
Input
Table 4 on page 14
2
XO
Output
Table 4 on page 14
3
MDDIS
Input
Table 2 on page 13
4
RESET
Input
Table 4 on page 14
5
TxSLEW0
Input
Table 4 on page 14
6
TxSLEW1
Input
Table 4 on page 14
7
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
8
VCCIO
–
Table 5 on page 15
9
N/C
–
Table 4 on page 14
10
N/C
–
Table 4 on page 14
11
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
12
ADDR0
Input
Table 4 on page 14
13
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
14
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
15
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
16
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
17
RBIAS
Analog Input
Table 4 on page 14
18
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
19
TPOP
Output
Table 3 on page 14
20
TPON
Output
Table 3 on page 14
21
VCCA
–
Table 5 on page 15
Pin
Datasheet
22
VCCA
–
Table 5 on page 15
23
TPIP
Input
Table 3 on page 14
24
TPIN
Input
Table 3 on page 14
25
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
26
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
27
TDI
Input
Table 6 on page 15
28
TDO
Output
Table 6 on page 15
29
TMS
Input
Table 6 on page 15
30
TCK
Input
Table 6 on page 15
31
TRST
Input
Table 6 on page 15
32
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
33
PAUSE
Input
Table 4 on page 14
34
TEST0
Input
Table 4 on page 14
35
TEST1
Input
Table 4 on page 14
36
LED/CFG3
I/O
Table 7 on page 15
11
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 1.
12
LQFP Numeric Pin List (Continued)
Pin
Symbol
37
LED/CFG2
Type
Reference for
Full Description
I/O
Table 7 on page 15
38
LED/CFG1
I/O
Table 7 on page 15
39
PWRDWN
Input
Table 4 on page 14
40
VCCIO
–
Table 5 on page 15
41
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
42
MDIO
I/O
Table 2 on page 13
43
MDC
Input
Table 2 on page 13
44
N/C
–
Table 4 on page 14
45
RXD3
Output
Table 2 on page 13
46
RXD2
Output
Table 2 on page 13
47
RXD1
Output
Table 2 on page 13
48
RXD0
Output
Table 2 on page 13
49
RX_DV
Output
Table 2 on page 13
50
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
51
VCCD
–
Table 5 on page 15
52
RX_CLK
Output
Table 2 on page 13
53
RX_ER
Output
Table 2 on page 13
54
TX_ER
Input
Table 2 on page 13
55
TX_CLK
Output
Table 2 on page 13
56
TX_EN
Input
Table 2 on page 13
57
TXD0
Input
Table 2 on page 13
58
TXD1
Input
Table 2 on page 13
59
TXD2
Input
Table 2 on page 13
60
TXD3
Input
Table 2 on page 13
61
GND
–
Table 5 on page 15
62
COL
Output
Table 2 on page 13
63
CRS
Output
Table 2 on page 13
64
MDINT
Open Drain
Table 2 on page 13
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
2.0
Signal Descriptions
Table 2.
LQFP
Pin#
LXT972A MII Signal Descriptions
Symbol
Type1
Signal Description
Data Interface Pins
60
TXD3
59
TXD2
58
TXD1
57
TXD0
56
I
Transmit Data. TXD is a bundle of parallel data signals that are driven by the MAC.
TXD<3:0> shall transition synchronously with respect to the TX_CLK. TXD<0> is the least
significant bit.
TX_EN
I
Transmit Enable. The MAC asserts this signal when it drives valid data on TXD. This
signal must be synchronized to TX_CLK.
55
TX_CLK
O
Transmit Clock. TX_CLK is sourced by the PHY in both 10 and 100Mbps operations. 2.5
MHz for 10Mbps operation, 25 MHz for 100Mbps operation.
45
RXD3
46
RXD2
47
RXD1
O
Receive Data. RXD is a bundle of parallel signals that transition synchronously with
respect to the RX_CLK. RXD<0> is the least significant bit.
48
RXD0
49
RX_DV
O
Receive Data Valid. The LXT972A asserts this signal when it drives valid data on RXD.
This output is synchronous to RX_CLK.
53
RX_ER
O
Receive Error. Signals a receive error condition has occurred. This output is synchronous
to RX_CLK.
54
TX_ER
I
Transmit Error. Signals a transmit error condition. This signal must be synchronized to
TX_CLK.
52
RX_CLK
O
Receive Clock. 25 MHz for 100Mbps operation, 2.5 MHz for 10Mbps operation. Refer to
“Clock Requirements” on page 20 in the Functional Description section.
62
COL
O
Collision Detected. The LXT972A asserts this output when a collision is detected. This
output remains High for the duration of the collision. This signal is asynchronous and is
inactive during full-duplex operation.
O
Carrier Sense. During half-duplex operation (bit 0.8 = 0), the LXT972A asserts this output
when either transmitting or receiving data packets. During full-duplex operation (bit 0.8 = 1),
CRS is asserted during receive. CRS assertion is asynchronous with respect to RX_CLK.
CRS is de-asserted on loss of carrier, synchronous to RX_CLK.
63
CRS
MII Control Interface Pins
3
MDDIS
I
Management Disable. When MDDIS is High, the MDIO is disabled from read and write
operations.
When MDDIS is Low at power up or reset, the Hardware Control Interface pins control only
the initial or “default” values of their respective register bits. After the power-up/reset cycle
is complete, bit control reverts to the MDIO serial channel.
43
MDC
I
Management Data Clock. Clock for the MDIO serial data channel. Maximum frequency is
8 MHz.
42
MDIO
I/O
Management Data Input/Output. Bidirectional serial data channel for PHY/STA
communication.
64
MDINT
OD
Management Data Interrupt. When bit 18.1 = 1, an active Low output on this pin indicates
status change. Interrupt is cleared by reading Register 19.
1. Type Column Coding: I = Input, O = Output, A = Analog, OD = Open Drain.
Datasheet
13
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 3.
LQFP
Pin#
LXT972A Network Interface Signal Descriptions
Symbol
19
TPOP
20
TPON
23
TPIP
24
TPIN
Type1
Signal Description
Twisted-Pair Outputs, Positive & Negative.
O
During 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T operation, TPOP/N pins drive 802.3 compliant
pulses onto the line.
Twisted-Pair Inputs, Positive & Negative.
I
During 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T operation, TPIP/N pins receive differential
100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T signals from the line.
1. Type Column Coding: I = Input, O = Output, A = Analog, OD = Open Drain
Table 4.
LQFP
Pin#
LXT972A Miscellaneous Signal Descriptions
Symbol
Type1
Signal Description
Tx Output Slew Controls 0 and 1. These pins select the TX output slew rate (rise
and fall time) as follows:
5
TxSLEW0
6
TxSLEW1
I
TxSLEW1
TxSLEW0
Slew Rate (Rise and Fall Time)
0
0
2.5 ns
0
1
3.1 ns
1
0
3.7 ns
1
1
4.3 ns
4
RESET
I
Reset. This active Low input is OR’ed with the control register Reset bit (0.15). The
LXT972A reset cycle is extended to 258 µs (nominal) after reset is deasserted.
12
ADDR0
I
Address0. Sets device address.
17
RBIAS
AI
33
PAUSE
I
Bias. This pin provides bias current for the internal circuitry. Must be tied to ground
through a 22.1 kΩ, 1% resistor.
Pause. When set High, the LXT972A advertises Pause capabilities during auto
negotiation.
34
TEST0
I
Test. Tie Low.
35
TEST1
I
Test. Tie Low.
39
PWRDWN
I
Power Down. When set High, this pin puts the LXT972A in a power-down mode.
1
REFCLK/XI
I
2
XO
O
Crystal Input and Output. A 25 MHz crystal oscillator circuit can be connected
across XI and XO. A clock can also be used at XI. Refer to Functional Description for
detailed clock requirements.
N/C
-
No Connection. These pins are not used and should not be terminated.
9, 10,
44
1. Type Column Coding: I = Input, O = Output, A = Analog, OD = Open Drain
14
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 5.
LXT972A Power Supply Signal Descriptions
LQFP
Pin#
51
Symbol
Type
Signal Description
VCCD
-
Digital Power. Requires a 3.3V power supply.
GND
-
Ground.
8, 40
VCCIO
-
MII Power. Requires either a 3.3V or a 2.5V supply. Must be supplied from the same
source used to power the MAC on the other side of the MII.
21, 22
VCCA
-
Analog Power. Requires a 3.3V power supply.
7, 11, 13,
14, 15,
16, 18,
25, 26,
32, 41,
50, 61
Table 6.
LQFP
Pin#
27
LXT972A JTAG Test Signal Descriptions
Symbol
TDI2
2
28
TDO
29
TMS2
30
2
31
TCK
TRST
2
Type1
Signal Description
I
Test Data Input. Test data sampled with respect to the rising edge of TCK.
O
Test Data Output. Test data driven with respect to the falling edge of TCK.
I
Test Mode Select.
I
Test Clock. Test clock input sourced by ATE.
I
Test Reset. Test reset input sourced by ATE.
1. Type Column Coding: I = Input, O = Output, A = Analog, OD = Open Drain.
2. If JTAG port is not used, these pins do not need to be terminated.
Table 7.
LQFP
Pin#
LXT972A LED Signal Descriptions
Symbol
38
LED/CFG1
37
LED/CFG2
36
LED/CFG3
Type1
I/O
Signal Description
LED Drivers 1 -3. These pins drive LED indicators. Each LED can display one of
several available status conditions as selected by the LED Configuration Register
(refer to Table 50 on page 68 for details).
Configuration Inputs 1-3. These pins also provide initial configuration settings (refer
to Table 8 on page 24 for details).
1. Type Column Coding: I = Input, O = Output, A = Analog, OD = Open Drain
Datasheet
15
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
3.0
Functional Description
3.1
Introduction
The LXT972A is a single-port Fast Ethernet 10/100 Transceiver that supports 10Mbps and
100Mbps networks. It complies with all applicable requirements of IEEE 802.3. The LXT972A
can directly drive either a 100BASE-TX line (up to 140 meters) or a 10BASE-T line (up to 185
meters).
3.1.1
Comprehensive Functionality
The LXT972A provides a standard Media Independent Interface (MII) for 10/100 MACs. The
LXT972A performs all functions of the Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) and Physical Media
Attachment (PMA) sublayer as defined in the IEEE 802.3 100BASE-X standard. This device also
performs all functions of the Physical Media Dependent (PMD) sublayer for 100BASE-TX
connections.
On power-up, the LXT972A reads its configuration pins to check for forced operation settings. If
not configured for forced operation, it uses auto-negotiation/parallel detection to automatically
determine line operating conditions. If the PHY device on the other side of the link supports autonegotiation, the LXT972A auto-negotiates with it using Fast Link Pulse (FLP) Bursts. If the PHY
partner does not support auto-negotiation, the LXT972A automatically detects the presence of
either link pulses (10Mbps PHY) or Idle symbols (100Mbps PHY) and set its operating conditions
accordingly.
The LXT972A provides half-duplex and full-duplex operation at 100Mbps and 10Mbps.
3.1.2
OSP™ Architecture
Intel’s LXT972A incorporates high-efficiency Optimal Signal Processing™ design techniques,
combining the best properties of digital and analog signal processing to produce a truly optimal
device.
The receiver utilizes decision feedback equalization to increase noise and cross-talk immunity by
as much as 3 dB over an ideal all-analog equalizer. Using OSP mixed-signal processing techniques
in the receive equalizer avoids the quantization noise and calculation truncation errors found in
traditional DSP-based receivers (typically complex DSP engines with A/D converters). This
results in improved receiver noise and cross-talk performance.
The OSP signal processing scheme also requires substantially less computational logic than
traditional DSP-based designs. This lowers power consumption and also reduces the logic
switching noise generated by DSP engines. This logic switching noise can be a considerable
source of EMI generated on the device’s power supplies.
The OSP-based LXT972A provides improved data recovery, EMI performance and low power
consumption.
16
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
3.2
Network Media / Protocol Support
The LXT972A supports both 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX Ethernet over twisted-pair.
3.2.1
10/100 Network Interface
The network interface port consists of two differential signal pairs. Refer to Table 3 for specific pin
assignments.
The LXT972A output drivers generate either 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T. When not transmitting
data, the LXT972A generates 802.3-compliant link pulses or idle code. Input signals are decoded
either as a 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T input, depending on the mode selected. Auto-negotiation/
parallel detection or manual control is used to determine the speed of this interface.
3.2.1.1
Twisted-Pair Interface
The LXT972A supports either 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T connections over 100Ω, Category 5,
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable. When operating at 100Mbps, the LXT972A continuously
transmits and receives MLT3 symbols. When not transmitting data, the LXT972A generates
“IDLE” symbols.
During 10Mbps operation, Manchester-encoded data is exchanged. When no data is being
exchanged, the line is left in an idle state. Link pulses are transmitted periodically to keep the link
up.
Only a transformer, RJ-45 connector, load resistor, and bypass capacitors are required to complete
this interface. On the transmit side, the LXT972A has an active internal termination and does not
require external termination resistors. Intel's patented waveshaping technology shapes the outgoing
signal to help reduce the need for external EMI filters. Four slew rate settings (refer to Table 4 on
page 14) allow the designer to match the output waveform to the magnetic characteristics. On the
receive side, the internal impedance is high enough that it has no practical effect on the external
termination circuit.
3.2.1.2
Fault Detection and Reporting
The LXT972A supports one fault detection and reporting mechanism. “Remote Fault” refers to a
MAC-to-MAC communication function that is essentially transparent to PHY layer devices. It is
used only during Auto-Negotiation, and therefore is applicable only to twisted-pair links. “Far-End
Fault”, on the other hand, is an optional PMA-layer function that may be embedded within PHY
devices. The LXT972A supports only the Remote Fault Function, explained in the paragraph that
follows.
Remote Fault
Bit 4.13 in the Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register is reserved for Remote Fault indications.
It is typically used when re-starting the auto-negotiation sequence to indicate to the link partner
that the link is down because the advertising device detected a fault.
Datasheet
17
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
When the LXT972A receives a Remote Fault indication from its partner during auto-negotiation it:
• sets bit 5.13 in the Link Partner Base Page Ability Register, and
• sets the Remote Fault bit 1.4 in the MII Status Register to pass this information to the local
controller.
3.2.2
MII Data Interface
The LXT972A supports a standard Media Independent Interface (MII). The MII consists of a data
interface and a management interface. The MII Data Interface passes data between the LXT972A
and a Media Access Controller (MAC). Separate parallel buses are provided for transmit and
receive. This interface operates at either 10Mbps or 100Mbps. The speed is set automatically, once
the operating conditions of the network link have been determined. Refer to “MII Operation” on
page 25 for additional details.
3.2.3
Configuration Management Interface
The LXT972A provides both an MDIO interface and a Hardware Control Interface for device
configuration and management.
3.2.3.1
MDIO Management Interface
The LXT972A supports the IEEE 802.3 MII Management Interface also known as the
Management Data Input/Output (MDIO) Interface. This interface allows upper-layer devices to
monitor and control the state of the LXT972A. The MDIO interface consists of a physical
connection, a specific protocol that runs across the connection, and an internal set of addressable
registers.
Some registers are required and their functions are defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard. The
LXT972A also supports additional registers for expanded functionality. The LXT972A supports
multiple internal registers, each of which is 16 bits wide. Specific register bits are referenced using
an “X.Y” notation, where X is the register number (0-31) and Y is the bit number (0-15).
The physical interface consists of a data line (MDIO) and clock line (MDC). Operation of this
interface is controlled by the MDDIS input pin. When MDDIS is High, the MDIO read and write
operations are disabled and the Hardware Control Interface provides primary configuration control.
When MDDIS is Low, the MDIO port is enabled for both read and write operations and the
Hardware Control Interface is not used.
MDIO Addressing
The protocol allows one controller to communicate between two LXT972A chips. Pin ADDR0 is
set high or low to determine the chip address.
18
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
MDIO Frame Structure
The physical interface consists of a data line (MDIO) and clock line (MDC). The frame structure is
shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 (read and write). MDIO Interface timing is shown in Table 32 on
page 53.
Figure 3. Management Interface Read Frame Structure
MDC
MDIO
(Read)
High Z
0
32 "1"s
Preamble
1
1
ST
A4
0
Op Code
A3
A0
R4
R3
R0
Z
D15 D15D14 D14 D1
0
Turn
Around
Register Address
PHY Address
D1 D0
Data
Write
Idle
Read
Figure 4. Management Interface Write Frame Structure
MDC
MDIO
(Write)
32 "1"s
Idle
0
Preamble
1
ST
0
1
A4
Op Code
A3
A0
R4
PHY Address
R3
R0
Register Address
1
0
Turn
Around
D15
D14
D1
Data
D0
Idle
Write
3.2.3.2
MII Interrupts
The LXT972A provides a single interrupt pin (MDINT). Interrupt logic is shown in Figure 5. The
LXT972A also provides two dedicated interrupt registers. Register 18 provides interrupt enable
and mask functions and Register 19 provides interrupt status. Setting bit 18.1 = 1, enables the
device to request interrupt via the MDINT pin. An active Low on this pin indicates a status change
on the LXT972A. Interrupts may be caused by four conditions:
•
•
•
•
3.2.3.3
Auto-negotiation complete
Speed status change
Duplex status change
Link status change
Hardware Control Interface
The LXT972A provides a Hardware Control Interface for applications where the MDIO is not
desired. The Hardware Control Interface uses the three LED driver pins to set device configuration.
Refer to Section 3.4.5, “Hardware Configuration Settings” on page 23 for additional details.
Datasheet
19
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Figure 5. Interrupt Logic
Event X Mask Reg
AND
Event X Status Reg
..
.
OR
NAND
Interrupt Pin (MDINT)
Per Event
Force Interrupt
Interrupt Enable
1. Interrupt (Event) Status Register is cleared on read.
3.3
Operating Requirements
3.3.1
Power Requirements
The LXT972A requires three power supply inputs (VCCD, VCCA, and VCCIO). The digital and
analog circuits require 3.3V supplies (VCCD and VCCA). These inputs may be supplied from a
single source. Each supply input must be decoupled to ground.
An additional supply may be used for the MII (VCCIO). The supply may be either +2.5V or
+3.3V. Also, the inputs on the MII interface are tolerant to 5V signals from the controller on the
other side of the MII interface. Refer to Table 19 on page 45 for MII I/O characteristics.
As a matter of good practice, these supplies should be as clean as possible.
3.3.2
Clock Requirements
3.3.2.1
External Crystal/Oscillator
The LXT972A requires a reference clock input that is used to generate transmit signals and recover
receive signals. It may be provided by either of two methods: by connecting a crystal across the
oscillator pins (XI and XO), or by connecting an external clock source to pin XI. The connection of
a clock source to the XI pin requires the XO pin to be left open. A crystal-based clock is
recommended over a derived clock (i.e., PLL-based) to minimize transmit jitter. Refer to the
LXT971A/972A Design and Layout Guide for a list of recommended clock sources.
A crystal is typically used in NIC applications. An external 25 MHz clock source, rather than a
crystal, is frequently used in switch applications. Refer to Table 20 on page 45 for clock timing
requirements
3.3.2.2
MDIO Clock
The MII management channel (MDIO) also requires an external clock. The managed data clock
(MDC) speed is a maximum of 8 MHz. Refer to Table 32 on page 53 for details.
20
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
3.4
Initialization
When the LXT972A is first powered on, reset, or encounters a link failure state, it checks the
MDIO register configuration bits to determine the line speed and operating conditions to use for
the network link. The configuration bits may be set by the Hardware Control or MDIO interface as
shown in Figure 6.
3.4.1
MDIO Control Mode
In the MDIO Control mode, the LXT972A reads the Hardware Control Interface pins to set the
initial (default) values of the MDIO registers. Once the initial values are set, bit control reverts to
the MDIO interface.
3.4.2
Hardware Control Mode
In the Hardware Control Mode, LXT972A disables direct write operations to the MDIO registers
via the MDIO Interface. On power-up or hardware reset the LXT972A reads the Hardware Control
Interface pins and sets the MDIO registers accordingly.
The following modes are available using either Hardware Control or MDIO Control:
• Force network link operation to:
100TX, Full-Duplex.
100TX, Half-Duplex.
10BASE-T, Full-Duplex.
10BASE-T, Half-Duplex.
• Allow auto-negotiation / parallel-detection.
When the network link is forced to a specific configuration, the LXT972A immediately begins
operating the network interface as commanded. When auto-negotiation is enabled, the LXT972A
begins the auto-negotiation / parallel-detection operation.
Datasheet
21
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Figure 6. Initialization Sequence
Power-up or Reset
Read H/W Control
Interface
Initialize MDIO Registers
MDIO Control
Mode
Low
MDDIS Voltage
Level?
MDIO Controlled Operation
(MDIO Writes Enabled)
Software
Reset?
Hardware Control
Mode
High
Disable MDIO Read and
Write Operations
No
Yes
Reset MDIO Registers to
values read at H/W
Control Interface at last
Hardware Reset
3.4.3
Reduced Power Modes
The LXT972A offers two power-down modes.
3.4.3.1
Hardware Power Down
The hardware power-down mode is controlled by the PWRDWN pin. When PWRDWN is High,
the following conditions are true:
•
•
•
•
3.4.3.2
The LXT972A network port and clock are shut down.
All outputs are tri-stated.
All weak pad pull-up and pull-down resistors are disabled.
The MDIO registers are not accessible.
Software Power Down
Software power-down control is provided by bit 0.11 in the Control Register (refer to Table 37 on
page 58). During soft power-down, the following conditions are true:
• The network port is shut down.
• The MDIO registers remain accessible.
22
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
3.4.4
Reset
The LXT972A provides both hardware and software resets. Configuration control of AutoNegotiation, speed and duplex mode selection is handled differently for each. During a hardware
reset, Auto-Negotiation and Speed are read in from pins (refer to Table 8 on page 24 for pin
settings and to Table 37 on page 58 for register bit definitions).
During a software reset (0.15 = 1), these bit settings are not re-read from the pins. They revert back
to the values that were read in during the last hardware reset. Therefore, any changes to pin values
made since the last hardware reset are not detected during a software reset.
During a hardware reset, register information is unavailable for 1 ms after de-assertion of the reset.
During a software reset (0.15 = 1) the registers are available for reading. The reset bit should be
polled to see when the part has completed reset (0.15 = 0).
3.4.5
Hardware Configuration Settings
The LXT972A provides a hardware option to set the initial device configuration. The hardware
option uses the three LED driver pins. This provides three control bits, as listed in Table 8. The
LED drivers can operate as either open-drain or open-source circuits as shown in Figure 7.
.
Figure 7. Hardware Configuration Settings
3.3V
Configuration Bit = 1
LED/CFG Pin
LED/CFG Pin
Configuration Bit = 0
1. The LED/CFG pins automatically
adjust their polarity upon powerup or reset.
Datasheet
23
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 8.
Hardware Configuration Settings
Auto-Neg
Speed
(Mbps)
Resulting Register Bit Values
LED/CFGn
Pin Settings1
Desired Mode
Duplex
1
2
3
Half
Low
Low
Low
Control Register
AutoNeg
0.12
Speed
0.13
Auto-Neg Advertisement
FD
0.8
100FD
4.8
100TX
4.7
10FD
4.6
10T
4.5
0
10
0
Full
Low
Low
High
Disabled
1
N/A
0
Auto-Negotiation Advertisement
0
Half
Low
High
Low
100
1
Full
Low
High
High
1
Half
High
Low
Low
0
0
1
0
0
Full
High
Low
High
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
100 Only
Enabled
10/100
Half Only
High
High
Low
Full or
Half
High
High
High
1
1
1. Refer to Table 7 on page 15 for LED/CFG pin assignments.
3.5
Establishing Link
See Figure 8 for an overview of link establishment.
3.5.1
Auto-Negotiation
If not configured for forced operation, the LXT972A attempts to auto-negotiate with its link
partner by sending Fast Link Pulse (FLP) bursts. Each burst consists of up to 33 link pulses spaced
62.5 µs apart. Odd link pulses (clock pulses) are always present. Even link pulses (data pulses) may
be present or absent to indicate a “1” or a “0”. Each FLP burst exchanges 16 bits of data, which are
referred to as a “link code word”. All devices that support auto-negotiation must implement the
“Base Page” defined by IEEE 802.3 (registers 4 and 5). LXT972A also supports the optional “Next
Page” function as described in Table 44 and Table 45 (registers 7 and 8).
3.5.1.1
Base Page Exchange
By exchanging Base Pages, the LXT972A and its link partner communicate their capabilities to
each other. Both sides must receive at least three identical base pages for negotiation to continue.
Each side identifies the highest common capabilities that both sides support and configures itself
accordingly.
3.5.1.2
Next Page Exchange
Additional information, above that required by base page exchange, is also sent via “Next Pages’.
The LXT972A fully supports the IEEE 802.3ab method of negotiation via Next Page exchange.
24
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
3.5.1.3
Controlling Auto-Negotiation
When auto-negotiation is controlled by software, the following steps are recommended:
• After power-up, power-down, or reset, the power-down recovery time, as specified in Table 34
on page 54, must be exhausted before proceeding.
• Set the auto-negotiation advertisement register bits.
• Enable auto-negotiation (set MDIO bit 0.12 = 1).
3.5.2
Parallel Detection
For the parallel detection feature of auto-negotiation, the LXT972A also monitors for 10BASE-T
Normal Link Pulses (NLP) and 100BASE-TX Idle symbols. If either is detected, the device
automatically reverts to the corresponding operating mode. Parallel detection allows the LXT972A
to communicate with devices that do not support auto-negotiation.
Figure 8. Link Establishment Overview
Power-Up, Reset,
or Link Failure
Start
Disable
Auto-Negotiation
0.12 = 0
Go To Forced
Settings
Done
3.6
0.12 = 1
Check Value
0.12
Attempt AutoNegotiation
YES
Enable
Auto-Neg/Parallel Detection
Listen for 100TX
Idle Symbols
Link Up?
Listen for 10T
Link Pulses
NO
MII Operation
The LXT972A device implements the Media Independent Interface (MII) as defined in the IEEE
802.3 standard. Separate channels are provided for transmitting data from the MAC to the
LXT972A (TXD), and for passing data received from the line (RXD) to the MAC. Each channel
has its own clock, data bus, and control signals. Nine signals are used to pass received data to the
MAC: RXD<3:0>, RX_CLK, RX_DV, RX_ER, COL, and CRS. Seven signals are used to transmit
data from the MAC: TXD<3:0>, TX_CLK, TX_EN, and TX_ER.
Datasheet
25
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
The LXT972A supplies both clock signals as well as separate outputs for carrier sense and
collision. Data transmission across the MII is normally implemented in 4-bit-wide nibbles.
3.6.1
MII Clocks
The LXT972A is the master clock source for data transmission and supplies both MII clocks
(RX_CLK and TX_CLK). It automatically sets the clock speeds to match link conditions. When
the link is operating at 100Mbps, the clocks are set to 25 MHz. When the link is operating at
10Mbps, the clocks are set to 2.5 MHz. Figure 9 through Figure 11 show the clock cycles for each
mode. The transmit data and control signals must always be synchronized to TX_CLK by the
MAC. The LXT972A samples these signals on the rising edge of TX_CLK.
3.6.2
Transmit Enable
The MAC must assert TX_EN the same time as the first nibble of preamble, and de-assert TX_EN
after the last bit of the packet.
3.6.3
Receive Data Valid
The LXT972A asserts RX_DV when it receives a valid packet. Timing changes depend on line
operating speed:
• For 100TX links, RX_DV is asserted from the first nibble of preamble to the last nibble of the
data packet.
• For 10BT links, the entire preamble is truncated. RX_DV is asserted with the first nibble of the
Start of Frame Delimiter (SFD) “5D” and remains asserted until the end of the packet.
3.6.4
Carrier Sense
Carrier sense (CRS) is an asynchronous output. It is always generated when a packet is received
from the line and in half-duplex when a packet is transmitted.
Carrier sense is not generated when a packet is transmitted and in full-duplex mode. Table 9
summarizes the conditions for assertion of carrier sense, collision, and data loopback signals.
3.6.5
Error Signals
When LXT972A is in 100Mbps mode and receives an invalid symbol from the network, it asserts
RX_ER and drives “1110” on the RXD pins.
When the MAC asserts TX_ER, the LXT972A drives “H” symbols out on the TPOP/N pins.
3.6.6
Collision
The LXT972A asserts its collision signal, asynchronously to any clock, whenever the line state is
half-duplex and the transmitter and receiver are active at the same time. Table 9 summarizes the
conditions for assertion of carrier sense, collision, and data loopback signals.
26
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Figure 9. 10BASE-T Clocking
2.5 MHz during Auto-Negotiation and 10BASE-T Data & Idle
TX_CLK
(Sourced by LXT972)
2.5 MHz during Auto-Negotiation and 10BASE-T Data & Idle
RX_CLK
(Sourced by LXT972)
Constant 25 MHz
XI
Figure 10. 100BASE-X Clocking
2.5 MHz during Auto-Negotiation
25 MHz once 100BASE-X
Link Established
2.5 MHz during Auto-Negotiation
25 MHz once 100BASE-X
Link Established
TX_CLK
(Sourced by LXT972)
RX_CLK
(Sourced by LXT972)
Constant 25 MHz
XI
Figure 11. Link Down Clock Transition
Link Down condition/Auto Negotiate Enabled
RX_CLK
TX_CLK
Any Clock
2.5MHz Clock
Clock transition time will not exceed 2X the
nominal clock period: (10Mbps = 2.5 MHz; 100Mbps = 25 MHz)
Datasheet
27
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
3.6.7
Loopback
The LXT972A provides two loopback functions, operational and test (see Table 9). Loopback
paths are shown in Figure 12.
3.6.7.1
Operational Loopback
Operational loopback is provided for 10Mbps half-duplex links when bit 16.8 = 0. Data transmitted
by the MAC (TXData) is looped back on the receive side of the MII (RXData). Operational
loopback is not provided for 100Mbps links, full-duplex links, or when 16.8 = 1.
3.6.7.2
Test Loopback
A test loopback function is provided for diagnostic testing of the LXT972A. During test loopback,
the twisted-pair interface is disabled. Data transmitted by the MAC is internally looped back by the
LXT972A and returned to the MAC.
Test loopback is available for both 100TX and 10T operation. Test loopback is enabled by setting
bits as follows:
• 0.14 = 1
• 0.8 = 1 (full-duplex)
• 0.12 = 0 (disable auto-negotiation).
Figure 12. Loopback Paths
LXT972A
MII
Table 9.
Speed
10T
Loopback
Digital
Block
100X
Loopback
Analog
Block
TX Driver
Carrier Sense, Loopback, and Collision Conditions
Carrier Sense
Test1
Loopback
Operational
Loopback
Collision
Full-Duplex
Receive Only
Yes
No
None
Half-Duplex
Transmit or Receive
No
No
Transmit and Receive
Full-Duplex
Receive Only
Yes
No
None
Half-Duplex, 16.8 = 0
Transmit or Receive
Yes
Yes
Transmit and Receive
Half-Duplex, 16.8 = 1
Transmit or Receive
No
No
Transmit and Receive
Duplex Condition
100Mbps
10Mbps
1. Test Loopback is enabled when 0.14 = 1
28
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
3.7
100Mbps Operation
3.7.1
100BASE-X Network Operations
During 100BASE-X operation, the LXT972A transmits and receives 5-bit symbols across the
network link. Figure 13 shows the structure of a standard frame packet. When the MAC is not
actively transmitting data, the LXT972A sends out Idle symbols on the line.
In 100TX mode, the LXT972A scrambles and transmits the data to the network using MLT-3 line
code (Figure 14 on page 29). MLT-3 signals received from the network are descrambled, decoded,
and sent across the MII to the MAC.
Figure 13. 100BASE-X Frame Format
64-Bit Preamble
(8 Octets)
P0
P1
P6
Replaced by
/J/K/ code-groups
Start-of-Stream
Delimiter (SSD)
Destination and Source
Address (6 Octets each)
SFD
DA
DA
SA
Packet Length
(2 Octets)
SA
L1
L2
Data Field
Frame Check Field InterFrame Gap / Idle Code
(Pad to minimum packet size)
(4 Octets)
(> 12 Octets)
D0
D1
Dn
CRC
IFG
I0
Replaced by
/T/R/ code-groups
End-of-Stream Delimiter (ESD)
Start-of-Frame
Delimiter (SFD)
.
Figure 14. 100BASE-TX Data Path
Standard Data Flow
D0
D1
+1
Parallel
to
Serial
D0 D1 D2 D3
D2
D3
0
Scramble
4B/5B
S0 S1 S2 S3 S4
Serial
to
Parallel
DeScramble
0
0
-1
MLT3
Transition = 1.
No Transition = 0.
All transitions must follow
pattern: 0, +1, 0, -1, 0, +1...
Scrambler Bypass Data Flow
S0
S1
S2
S3
S4
Datasheet
+1
Parallel
to
Serial
0
S0 S1 S2 S3 S4
Serial
to
Parallel
MLT3
0
0
-1
Transition = 1.
No Transition = 0.
All transitions must follow
pattern: 0, +1, 0, -1, 0, +1...
29
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
As shown in Figure 13 on page 29, the MAC starts each transmission with a preamble pattern. As
soon as the LXT972A detects the start of preamble, it transmits a Start-of-Stream Delimiter (SSD,
symbols J and K) to the network. It then encodes and transmits the rest of the packet, including the
balance of the preamble, the SFD, packet data, and CRC.
Once the packet ends, the LXT972A transmits the End-of Stream-Delimiter (ESD, symbols T and
R) and then returns to transmitting Idle symbols. 4B/5B coding is shown in Table 10 on page 33.
Figure 15 shows normal reception with no errors. When the LXT972A receives invalid symbols
from the line, it asserts RX_ER as shown in Figure 16.
Figure 15. 100BASE-TX Reception with no Errors
RX_CLK
RX_DV
RXD<3:0>
preamble SFD SFD
DA
DA
DA
DA
CRC
CRC
CRC
CRC
RX_ER
Figure 16. 100BASE-TX Reception with Invalid Symbol
RX_CLK
RX_DV
RXD<3:0>
preamble SFD SFD
DA
DA
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
XX
RX_ER
30
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
3.7.2
Collision Indication
Figure 17 shows normal transmission. Upon detection of a collision, the COL output is asserted
and remains asserted for the duration of the collision as shown in Figure 18.
Figure 17. 100BASE-TX Transmission with no Errors
TX_CLK
TX_EN
TXD<3:0>
P
R
E
A
M
B
L
E
DA
DA DA DA DA
DA DA DA
DA
CRS
COL
Figure 18. 100BASE-TX Transmission with Collision
TX_CLK
TX_EN
TXD<3:0>
P
R
E
A
M
B
L
E
JAM
JAM
JAM
JAM
CRS
COL
3.7.3
100BASE-X Protocol Sublayer Operations
With respect to the 7-layer communications model, the LXT972A is a Physical Layer 1 (PHY)
device. The LXT972A implements the Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS), Physical Medium
Attachment (PMA), and Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayers of the reference model
defined by the IEEE 802.3u standard. The following paragraphs discuss LXT972A operation from
the reference model point of view.
3.7.3.1
PCS Sublayer
The Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) provides the MII interface, as well as the 4B/5B encoding/
decoding function.
For 100TX operation, the PCS layer provides IDLE symbols to the PMD-layer line driver as long
as TX_EN is de-asserted.
Datasheet
31
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Preamble Handling
When the MAC asserts TX_EN, the PCS substitutes a /J/K symbol pair, also known as the Start-ofStream Delimiter (SSD), for the first two nibbles received across the MII. The PCS layer continues
to encode the remaining MII data, following the coding in Table 10 on page 33, until TX_EN is deasserted. It then returns to supplying IDLE symbols to the line driver.
In the receive direction, the PCS layer performs the opposite function, substituting two preamble
nibbles for the SSD.
Dribble Bits
The LXT972A handles dribbles bits in all modes. If between one through four dribble bits are
received, the nibble is passed across the MII, padded with 1s if necessary. If between five through
seven dribble bits are received, the second nibble is not sent onto the MII bus.
Figure 19. Protocol Sublayers
MII Interface
PCS
Sublayer
LXT972A
Encoder/Decoder
Serializer/De-serializer
PMA
Sublayer
Link/Carrier Detect
PMD
Sublayer
Scrambler/
De-scrambler
100BASE-TX
32
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 10. 4B/5B Coding
Code Type
DATA
IDLE
CONTROL
4B Code
3210
Name
5B Code
43210
0000
0
11110
Data 0
0001
1
01001
Data 1
0010
2
10100
Data 2
0011
3
10101
Data 3
0100
4
01010
Data 4
0101
5
01011
Data 5
0110
6
01110
Data 6
0111
7
01111
Data 7
1000
8
10010
Data 8
1001
9
10011
Data 9
1010
A
10110
Data A
1011
B
10111
Data B
1100
C
11010
Data C
1101
D
11011
Data D
1110
E
11100
Data E
1111
F
11101
Data F
I
1
1 1 1 11
Idle. Used as inter-stream fill code
0101
J
2
11000
Start-of-Stream Delimiter (SSD), part 1 of 2
0101
K2
10001
Start-of-Stream Delimiter (SSD), part 2 of 2
T
3
01101
End-of-Stream Delimiter (ESD), part 1 of 2
R
3
00111
End-of-Stream Delimiter (ESD), part 2 of 2
H
4
undefined
undefined
undefined
00100
Transmit Error. Used to force signaling errors
undefined
Invalid
00000
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
00001
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
00010
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
00011
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
00101
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
00110
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
01000
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
01100
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
10000
Invalid
undefined
Invalid
11001
Invalid
undefined
INVALID
1.
2.
3.
4.
Interpretation
The /I/ (Idle) code group is sent continuously between frames.
The /J/ and /K/ (SSD) code groups are always sent in pairs; /K/ follows /J/.
The /T/ and /R/ (ESD) code groups are always sent in pairs; /R/ follows /T/.
An /H/ (Error) code group is used to signal an error condition.
Datasheet
33
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
3.7.3.2
PMA Sublayer
Link
In 100Mbps mode, the LXT972A establishes a link whenever the scrambler becomes locked and
remains locked for approximately 50ms. Whenever the scrambler loses lock (receiving less than 12
consecutive idle symbols during a 2ms window), the link are taken down. This provides a very
robust link, essentially filtering out any small noise hits that may otherwise disrupt the link.
Furthermore, 100M idle patterns will not bring up a 10M link.
The LXT972A reports link failure via the MII status bits (1.2 and 17.10) and interrupt functions. If
auto-negotiation is enabled, link failure causes the LXT972A to re-negotiate.
Link Failure Override
The LXT972A normally transmits data packets only if it detects the link is up. Setting bit 16.14 = 1
overrides this function, allowing the LXT972A to transmit data packets even when the link is
down. This feature is provided as a diagnostic tool. Note that auto-negotiation must be disabled to
transmit data packets in the absence of link. If auto-negotiation is enabled, the LXT972A
automatically transmits FLP bursts if the link is down.
Carrier Sense
For 100TX links, a start-of-stream delimiter (SSD) or /J/K symbol pair causes assertion of carrier
sense (CRS). An end-of-stream delimiter (ESD) or /T/R symbol pair causes de-assertion of CRS.
The PMA layer also de-asserts CRS if IDLE symbols are received without /T/R; however, in this
case RX_ER is asserted for one clock cycle when CRS is de-asserted.
Usage of CRS for Interframe Gap (IFG) timing is not recommended for the following reasons:
• De-assertion time for CRS is slightly longer than assertion time. This causes IFG intervals to
appear somewhat shorter to the MAC than it actually is on the wire.
• CRS de-assertion is not aligned with TX_EN de-assertion on transmit loopbacks in halfduplex mode.
Receive Data Valid
The LXT972A asserts RX_DV to indicate that the received data maps to valid symbols. However,
RXD outputs zeros until the received data is decoded and available for transfer to the controller.
3.7.3.3
Twisted-Pair PMD Sublayer
The twisted-pair Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) layer provides the signal scrambling and
descrambling, line coding and decoding (MLT-3 for 100TX, Manchester for 10T), as well as
receiving, polarity correction, and baseline wander correction functions.
Scrambler/Descrambler
The purpose of the scrambler is to spread the signal power spectrum and further reduce EMI using
an 11-bit, data-independent polynomial. The receiver automatically decodes the polynomial
whenever IDLE symbols are received.
34
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Scrambler Seeding. Once the transmit data (or Idle symbols) are properly encoded, they are
scrambled to further reduce EMI and to spread the power spectrum using an 11-bit scrambler seed.
Five seed bits are determined by the PHY address, and the remaining bits are hard coded in the
design.
Scrambler Bypass. The scrambler/descrambler can be bypassed by setting bit 16.12 = 1.
Scrambler bypass is provided for diagnostic and test support.
Baseline Wander Correction
The LXT972A provides a baseline wander correction function which makes the device robust
under all network operating conditions. The MLT3 coding scheme used in 100BASE-TX is by
definition “unbalanced”. This means that the average value of the signal voltage can “wander”
significantly over short time intervals (tenths of seconds). This wander can cause receiver errors at
long-line lengths (100 meters) in less robust designs. Exact characteristics of the wander are
completely data dependent.
The LXT972A baseline wander correction characteristics allow the device to recover error-free
data while receiving worst-case “killer” packets over all cable lengths.
Polarity Correction
The 100BASE-TX descrambler automatically detects and corrects for the condition where the
receive signal at TPIP and TPIN is inverted.
Programmable Slew Rate Control
The LXT972A device supports a slew rate mechanism whereby one of four pre-selected slew rates
can be used. This allows the designer to optimize the output waveform to match the characteristics
of the magnetics. The slew rate is determined by the TxSLEW pins as shown in Table 4 on page 14.
3.8
10Mbps Operation
The LXT972A operates as a standard 10BASE-T transceiver. The LXT972A supports all the
standard 10Mbps functions. During 10BASE-T (10T) operation, the LXT972A transmits and
receives Manchester-encoded data across the network link. When the MAC is not actively
transmitting data, the LXT972A drives link pulses onto the line.
In 10T mode, the polynomial scrambler/descrambler is inactive. Manchester-encoded signals
received from the network are decoded by the LXT972A and sent across the MII to the MAC.
3.8.1
10T Preamble Handling
The LXT972A offers two options for preamble handling, selected by bit 16.5. In 10T Mode when
16.5 = 0, the LXT972A strips the entire preamble off of received packets. CRS is asserted
coincident with SFD. RX_DV is held Low for the duration of the preamble. When RX_DV is
asserted, the very first two nibbles driven by the LXT972A are the SFD “5D” hex followed by the
body of the packet.
Datasheet
35
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
In 10T mode with 16.5 = 1, the LXT972A passes the preamble through the MII and asserts
RX_DV and CRS simultaneously. In 10T loopback, the LXT972A loops back whatever the MAC
transmits to it, including the preamble.
3.8.2
10T Carrier Sense
For 10T links, CRS assertion is based on reception of valid preamble, and de-assertion on reception
of an end-of-frame (EOF) marker. Bit 16.7 allows CRS de-assertion to be synchronized with
RX_DV de-assertion. Refer to Table 46 on page 64.
3.8.3
10T Dribble Bits
The LXT972A device handles dribbles bits in all modes. If between one through four dribble bits
are received, the nibble is passed across the MII, padded with 1s if necessary. If between five
through seven dribble bits are received, the second nibble is not sent onto the MII bus.
3.8.4
10T Link Integrity Test
In 10T mode, the LXT972A always transmits link pulses. When the Link Integrity Test function is
enabled (the normal configuration), it monitors the connection for link pulses. Once link pulses are
detected, data transmission is enabled and remains enabled as long as either the link pulses or data
transmission continue. If the link pulses stop, the data transmission is disabled.
If the Link Integrity Test function is disabled, the LXT972A transmits to the connection regardless
of detected link pulses. The Link Integrity Test function can be disabled by setting bit 16.14 = 1.
3.8.4.1
Link Failure
Link failure occurs if Link Integrity Test is enabled and link pulses or packets stop being received.
If this condition occurs, the LXT972A returns to the auto-negotiation phase if auto-negotiation is
enabled. If the Link Integrity Test function is disabled by setting 16.14 = 1 in the Configuration
Register, the LXT972A transmits packets, regardless of link status.
3.8.5
10T SQE (Heartbeat)
By default, the Signal Quality Error (SQE) or heartbeat function is disabled on the LXT972A. To
enable this function, set bit 16.9 = 1. When this function is enabled, the LXT972A asserts its COL
output for 5-15 BT after each packet. See Figure 29 on page 51 for SQE timing parameters.
3.8.6
10T Jabber
If a transmission exceeds the jabber timer, the LXT972A disables the transmit and loopback
functions. See Figure 28 on page 51 for jabber timing parameters.
The LXT972A automatically exits jabber mode after the unjabber time has expired. This function
can be disabled by setting bit 16.10 = 1.
36
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
3.8.7
10T Polarity Correction
The LXT972A automatically detects and corrects for the condition where the receive signal (TPIP/
N) is inverted. Reversed polarity is detected if eight inverted link pulses, or four inverted end-offrame (EOF) markers, are received consecutively. If link pulses or data are not received by the
maximum receive time-out period (96-128 ms), the polarity state is reset to a non-inverted state.
3.9
Monitoring Operations
3.9.1
Monitoring Auto-Negotiation
Auto-negotiation can be monitored as follows:
• Bit 17.7 is set to 1 once the Auto-Negotiation process is completed.
• Bits 1.2 and 17.10 are set to 1 once the link is established.
• Bits 17.14 and 17.9 can be used to determine the link operating conditions (speed and duplex).
3.9.1.1
Monitoring Next Page Exchange
The LXT972A offers an Alternate Next Page mode to simplify the next page exchange process.
Normally, bit 6.1 (Page Received) remains set until read. When Alternate Next Page mode is
enabled (16.1 = 1), bit 6.1 is automatically cleared whenever a new negotiation process takes place.
This prevents the user from reading an old value in 6.1 and assuming that Registers 5 and 8
(Partner Ability) contain valid information. Additionally, the LXT972A uses bit 6.5 to indicate
when the current received page is the base page. This information is useful for recognizing when
next pages must be resent due to a new negotiation process starting. Bits 6.1 and 6.5 are cleared
when read.
3.9.2
LED Functions
The LXT972A incorporates three direct LED drivers. On power up all the drivers are asserted for
approximately 1 second after reset de-asserts. Each LED driver can be programmed using the LED
Configuration Register (refer to Table 50 on page 68) to indicate one the following conditions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Operating Speed
Transmit Activity
Receive Activity
Collision Condition
Link Status
Duplex Mode
The LED drivers can also be programmed to display various combined status conditions. For
example, setting bits 20.15:12 = 1101 produces the following combination of Link and Activity
indications:
• If Link is down LED is off.
• If Link is up LED is on.
Datasheet
37
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
• If Link is up and activity is detected, the LED blinks at the stretch interval selected by bits
20.3:2 and continues to blink as long as activity is present.
The LED driver pins also provide initial configuration settings. The LED pins are sensitive to
polarity and automatically pulls up or pulls down to configure for either open drain or open source
circuits (10 mA Max current rating) as required by the hardware configuration. Refer to the
discussion of “Hardware Configuration Settings” on page 23 for details.
3.9.2.1
LED Pulse Stretching
The LED Configuration Register also provides optional LED pulse stretching to 30, 60, or 100 ms.
If during this pulse stretch period the event occurs again, the pulse stretch time is further extended.
When an event such as receiving a packet occurs, it is edge detected and starts the stretch timer.
The LED driver remains asserted until the stretch timer expires. If another event occurs before the
stretch timer expires, the stretch timer is reset and the stretch time is extended.
When a long event (such as duplex status) occurs, it is edge detected and starts the stretch timer.
When the stretch timer expires the edge detector is reset so that a long event causes another pulse to
be generated from the edge detector, which resets the stretch timer and causes the LED driver to
remain asserted. Figure 20 shows how the stretch operation functions.
Figure 20. LED Pulse Stretching
Event
LED
stretch
stretch
stretch
Note: The direct drive LED outputs in this diagram are shown as active Low.
3.10
Boundary Scan (JTAG1149.1) Functions
LXT972A includes a IEEE 1149.1 boundary scan test port for board level testing. All digital input,
output, and input/output pins are accessible. The BSDL file is available by contacting your local
sales office (see the back page) or by accessing the Intel web site (developer.intel.com/design/
network/).
3.10.1
Boundary Scan Interface
This interface consists of five pins (TMS, TDI, TDO, TRST, and TCK). It includes a state machine,
data register array, and instruction register. The TMS and TDI pins are internally pulled up. TCK is
internally pulled down. TDO does not have an internal pull-up or pull-down.
38
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
3.10.2
State Machine
The TAP controller is a 16 state machine driven by the TCK and TMS pins. Upon reset the
TEST_LOGIC_RESET state is entered. The state machine is also reset when TMS and TDI are
high for five TCK periods.
3.10.3
Instruction Register
After the state machine resets, the IDCODE instruction is always invoked. The decode logic
ensures the correct data flow to the Data registers according to the current instruction. Valid
instructions are listed in Table 12.
3.10.4
Boundary Scan Register (BSR)
Each Boundary Scan Register (BSR) cell has two stages. A flip-flop and a latch are used for the
serial shift stage and the parallel output stage. There are four modes of operation as listed in Table
11.
Table 11. BSR Mode of Operation
Mode
Description
1
Capture
2
Shift
3
Update
4
System Function
Table 12. Supported JTAG Instructions
Name
Code
Description
Mode
Data Register
EXTEST
0000
External Test
Test
BSR
IDCODE
0001
ID Code Inspection
Normal
ID REG
SAMPLE
0010
Sample Boundary
Normal
BSR
TRIBYP
0011
Force Float
Normal
Bypass
SETBYP
0100
Control Boundary to 1/0
Test
Bypass
BYPASS
1111
Bypass Scan
Normal
Bypass
Table 13. Device ID Register
31:28
27:12
11:8
7:1
0
Version
Part ID (hex)
Jedec Continuation Characters
JEDEC ID1
Reserved
0001
03CB
1110
111 1110
1
1. The JEDEC IS is an 8-bit identifier. The MSB is for parity and is ignored. Intel’s JEDEC ID is FE (1111 1110) which becomes
111 1110
Datasheet
39
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
4.0
Application Information
4.1
Magnetics Information
The LXT972A requires a 1:1 ratio for both the receive and transmit transformers. The transformer
isolation voltage should be rated at 2kV to protect the circuitry from static voltages across the
connectors and cables. Refer to Table 14 for transformer requirements.
A cross-reference list of magnetic manufacturers and part numbers is available in Application Note
073, Magnetic Manufacturers, which can be found on the Intel web site (developer.intel.com/
design/network/). Before committing to a specific component, designers should contact the
manufacturer for current product specifications, and validate the magnetics for the specific
application.
Table 14. Magnetics Requirements
Parameter
Min
Nom
Max
Units
Test Condition
Rx turns ratio
–
1:1
–
–
Tx turns ratio
–
1:1
–
–
Insertion loss
0.0
0.6
1.1
dB
Primary inductance
350
–
–
µH
Transformer isolation
–
1.5
–
kV
Differential to common mode rejection
40
–
–
dB
.1 to 60 MHz
35
–
–
dB
60 to 100 MHz
-16
–
–
dB
30 MHz
-10
–
–
dB
80 MHz
Return Loss
4.2
Typical Twisted-Pair Interface
Table 15 provides a comparison of the RJ-45 connections for NIC and switch applications in a
typical twisted-pair interface setting.
Table 15. RJ-45 Pin Comparison of NIC and Switch Twisted-Pair Interfaces
RJ-45
Symbol
Switch
NIC
TPIP
1
3
TPIN
2
6
TPOP
3
1
TPON
6
2
Figure 21 on page 41 shows a typical twisted-pair interface with the RJ-45 connections crossed
over for a switch configuration. Figure 22 on page 42 provides a typical twisted-pair interface with
the RJ-45 connections configured for a NIC application.
40
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Figure 21. Typical Twisted-Pair Interface - Switch
270 pF 5%
TPIP
50Ω 1%
1:1
1
0.01 µF
3
2
50Ω 1%
3
50 Ω
TPIN
TPOP
50 Ω
4
270 pF 5%
50 Ω
1:1
5
LXT972A
6
2
50 Ω
To Twisted-Pair Network
RJ-45
7
0.1µF
50 Ω
50 Ω
8
TPON
1
*
*
* = 0.001 µF / 2.0 kV
4
VCCA
0.1µF
.01µF
GND
1. Center tap current may be supplied from 3.3V VCCA as shown. Additional power savings may be realized by supplying
the center tap from a 2.5V current source. A separate ferrite bead (rated at 50 mA) should be used to supply center tap
current.
2. The 100Ω transmit load termination resistor typically required is integrated in the LXT972A.
3. Magnetics without a receive pair center tap do not require a 2 kV termination.
4. RJ-45 connections shown are for a standard switch application. For a standard NIC RJ-45 setup, see Figure 22.
Datasheet
41
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Figure 22. Typical Twisted-Pair Interface - NIC
RJ-45
50 Ω
270 pF 5%
50 Ω
7
50Ω 1%
1:1
6
0.01 µF
50 Ω
3
50 Ω
50Ω 1%
50 Ω
5
4
TPIP
TPON
3
270 pF 5%
1:1
2
LXT972A
To Twisted-Pair Network
8
50 Ω
TPIN
1
2
0.1µF
4
TPOP
1
*
*
* = 0.001 µF / 2.0 kV
VCCA
0.1µF
.01µF
GND
1. Center tap current may be supplied from 3.3V VCCA as shown. Additional power savings may be realized by supplying the
center tap from a 2.5V current source. A separate ferrite bead (rated at 50 mA) should be used to supply center tap current.
2. The 100Ω transmit load termination resistor typically required is integrated in the LXT972A.
3. Magnetics without a receive pair center tap do not require a 2kV termination.
4. RJ-45 connections shown are for a standard NIC. Tx/Rx crossover may be required for repeater & switch applications.
42
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Figure 23. Typical MII Interface
TX_EN
TX_ER
TXD<3:0>
TX_CLK
RX_CLK
MAC
RX_DV
RX_ER
RXD<3:0>
LXT972A
X
F
M
R
RJ-45
CRS
COL
Datasheet
43
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
5.0
Test Specifications
Note:
5.1
Table 16 through Table 34 and Figure 24 through Figure 35 represent the target specifications of
the LXT972A. These specifications are guaranteed by test except where noted “by design.”
Minimum and maximum values listed in Table 18 through Table 34 apply over the recommended
operating conditions specified in Table 17.
Electrical Parameters
Table 16. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Sym
Min
Supply voltage
VCC
-0.3
4.0
V
Operating temperature
TOPA
0
+70
ºC
TST
-65
+150
ºC
Storage temperature
Max
Units
Caution: Exceeding these values may cause permanent damage.
Functional operation under these conditions is not implied.
Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Table 17. Operating Conditions
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
TOPA
0
–
70
ºC
Vcca, Vccd
3.14
3.3
3.45
V
Vccio
2.35
–
3.45
V
ICC
–
–
110
mA
10BASE-T
ICC
–
–
82
mA
Power Down
ICC
–
–
1
mA
Auto-Negotiation
ICC
–
–
110
mA
Parameter
Recommended operating temperature
Recommended supply voltage2
LXT972A_C
(Commercial)
Analog & Digital
I/O
100BASE-TX
VCC current
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. Voltages with respect to ground unless otherwise specified.
44
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 18. Digital I/O Characteristics 1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ2
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Input Low voltage
VIL
–
–
0.8
V
–
Input High voltage
VIH
2.0
–
–
V
–
II
-10
–
10
µA
Output Low voltage
VOL
–
–
0.4
V
IOL = 4 mA
Output High voltage
VOH
2.4
–
–
V
IOH = -4 mA
Input current
0.0 < VI < VCC
1. Applies to all pins except MII, LED and XI/XO pins. Refer to Table 19 for MII I/O Characteristics, Table 20 for XI/XO and Table
21 for LED Characteristics.
2. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
Table 19. Digital I/O Characteristics - MII Pins
Symbol
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Input Low voltage
VIL
–
–
0.8
V
–
Input High voltage
VIH
2.0
–
–
V
II
-10
–
10
µA
0.0 < VI < VCCIO
VOL
–
–
0.4
V
IOL = 4 mA
VOH
2.2
–
–
V
IOH = -4 mA, VCCIO = 3.3V
VOH
2.0
–
–
V
IOH = -4 mA, VCCIO = 2.5V
RO 2
–
100
–
Ω
VCCIO = 2.5V
RO 2
–
100
–
Ω
VCCIO = 3.3V
Parameter
Input current
Output Low voltage
–
Output High voltage
Driver output resistance
(Line driver output enabled)
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. Parameter is guaranteed by design; not subject to production testing.
Table 20. I/O Characteristics - REFCLK/XI and XO Pins
Parameter
Input Low Voltage
Input High Voltage
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
VIL
–
–
0.8
V
VIH
2.0
–
–
V
∆f
–
–
±100
ppm
Input Clock Duty Cycle2
Tdc
35
–
65
%
Input Capacitance
CIN
–
3.0
–
pF
Input Clock Frequency Tolerance
2
Test Conditions
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. Parameter is guaranteed by design; not subject to production testing.
Table 21. I/O Characteristics - LED/CFG Pins
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Output Low Voltage
Vol
–
–
0.4
V
IOL = 10 mA
Output High Voltage
Voh
2.4
–
–
V
IOH = -10 mA
II
-10
–
10
µA
Input Current
Datasheet
Test Conditions
0 < VI < VCCIO
45
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 22. 100BASE-TX Transceiver Characteristics
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Peak differential output voltage
VP
0.95
–
1.05
V
Note 2
Signal amplitude symmetry
Vss
98
–
102
%
Note 2
Signal rise/fall time
TRF
3.0
–
5.0
ns
Note 2
Rise/fall time symmetry
TRFS
–
–
0.5
ns
Note 2
Duty cycle distortion
DCD
35
50
65
%
Overshoot/Undershoot
VOS
–
–
5
%
–
–
–
–
1.4
ns
–
Jitter (measured differentially)
Offset from 16ns pulse width at
50% of pulse peak
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. Measured at the line side of the transformer, line replaced by 100Ω(+/-1%) resistor.
Table 23. 10BASE-T Transceiver Characteristics
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Transmitter
VOP
2.2
2.5
2.8
V
With transformer, line
replaced by 100 Ω
resistor
-
0
2
11
ns
After line model
specified by IEEE 802.3
for 10BASE-T MAU
Receive Input Impedance
ZIN
-
-
22
kΩ
Differential Squelch Threshold
VDS
300
420
585
mV
Peak differential output voltage
Transition timing jitter added by the
MAU and PLS sections
Receiver
Table 24. 10BASE-T Link Integrity Timing Characteristics
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Time Link Loss Receive
TLL
50
–
150
ms
–
Link Pulse
TLP
2
–
7
Link Pulses
–
Link Min Receive Timer
TLR MIN
2
–
7
ms
–
Link Max Receive Timer
TLR MAX
50
–
150
ms
–
Tlt
8
–
24
ms
–
Tlpw
60
–
150
ns
–
Link Transmit Period
Link Pulse Width
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
46
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
5.2
Timing Diagrams
Figure 24. 100BASE-TX Receive Timing - 4B Mode
0ns
250ns
TPI
t4
t5
CRS
t3
RX_DV
t1
t2
RXD<3:0>
RX_CLK
t6
t7
COL
Table 25. 100BASE-TX Receive Timing Parameters - 4B Mode
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units2
Test Conditions
RXD<3:0>, RX_DV, RX_ER setup
to RX_CLK High
t1
10
–
–
ns
–
RXD<3:0>, RX_DV, RX_ER hold
from RX_CLK High
t2
10
–
–
ns
–
CRS asserted to RXD<3:0>, RX_DV
t3
3
–
5
BT
–
Receive start of “J” to CRS asserted
t4
12
–
16
BT
–
Receive start of “T” to CRS de-asserted
t5
10
–
17
BT
–
Receive start of “J” to COL asserted
t6
16
–
22
BT
–
Receive start of “T” to COL de-asserted
t7
17
–
20
BT
–
Parameter
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. BT is the duration of one bit as transferred to and from the MAC and is the reciprocal of the bit rate. 100BASE-T bit time = 108
s or 10 ns.
Datasheet
47
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Figure 25. 100BASE-TX Transmit Timing - 4B Mode
0ns
250ns
t1
TXCLK
TX_EN
t2
TXD<3:0>
t5
TPO
t4
t3
CRS
Table 26. 100BASE-TX Transmit Timing Parameters - 4B Mode
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units2
Test Conditions
TXD<3:0>, TX_EN, TX_ER setup to TX_CLK High
t1
12
–
–
ns
–
TXD<3:0>, TX_EN, TX_ER hold from TX_CLK High
t2
0
–
–
ns
–
TX_EN sampled to CRS asserted
t3
20
–
24
BT
–
TX_EN sampled to CRS de-asserted
t4
24
–
28
BT
–
TX_EN sampled to TPO out (Tx latency)
t5
5.3
–
5.7
BT
–
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. BT is the duration of one bit as transferred to and from the MAC and is the reciprocal of the bit rate. 100BASE-T bit time = 108
s or 10 ns.
48
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Figure 26. 10BASE-T Receive Timing
RX_CLK
t1
t3
RXD,
RX_DV,
RX_ER
t2
t5
t4
CRS
t6
t7
TPI
t9
t8
COL
Table 27. 10BASE-T Receive Timing Parameters
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units2
Test Conditions
RXD, RX_DV, RX_ER Setup to RX_CLK High
t1
10
–
–
ns
–
RXD, RX_DV, RX_ER Hold from RX_CLK High
t2
10
–
–
ns
–
TPIP/N in to RXD out (Rx latency)
t3
5.8
–
6.0
BT
–
CRS asserted to RXD, RX_DV, RX_ER
asserted
t4
5
–
32
BT
–
RXD, RX_DV, RX_ER de-asserted to CRS deasserted
t5
0.3
–
0.5
BT
–
TPI in to CRS asserted
t6
2
–
28
BT
–
TPI quiet to CRS de-asserted
t7
6
–
10
BT
–
TPI in to COL asserted
t8
1
–
31
BT
–
TPI quiet to COL de-asserted
t9
5
–
10
BT
–
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. BT is the duration of one bit as transferred to and from the MAC and is the reciprocal of the bit rate. 10BASE-T bit time = 107
s or 100 ns.
Datasheet
49
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Figure 27. 10BASE-T Transmit Timing
TX_CLK
t1
TXD,
TX_EN,
TX_ER
t2
t3
t4
CRS
t5
TPO
Table 28. 10BASE-T Transmit Timing Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units2
Test Conditions
TXD, TX_EN, TX_ER setup to TX_CLK High
t1
10
–
–
ns
–
TXD, TX_EN, TX_ER hold from TX_CLK High
t2
0
–
–
ns
–
TX_EN sampled to CRS asserted
t3
–
2
–
BT
–
TX_EN sampled to CRS de-asserted
t4
–
1
–
BT
–
TX_EN sampled to TPO out (Tx latency)
t5
–
72.5
–
BT
–
Parameter
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. BT is the duration of one bit as transferred to and from the MAC and is the reciprocal of the bit rate. 10BASE-T bit time = 107
s or 100 ns.
50
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Figure 28. 10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing
TX_EN
t1
TXD
t2
COL
Table 29. 10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing Parameters
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Maximum transmit time
t1
20
–
150
ms
–
Unjab time
t2
250
–
750
ms
–
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
Figure 29. 10BASE-T SQE (Heartbeat) Timing
TX_CLK
TX_EN
t1
t2
COL
Table 30. 10BASE-T SQE Timing Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Test Conditions
COL (SQE) Delay after TX_EN off
t1
0.65
–
1.6
us
–
COL (SQE) Pulse duration
t2
0.5
–
1.5
us
–
Parameter
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
Datasheet
51
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Figure 30. Auto Negotiation and Fast Link Pulse Timing
Clock Pulse
Data Pulse
t1
t1
Clock Pulse
TPO
t2
t3
Figure 31. Fast Link Pulse Timing
FLP Burst
FLP Burst
TPO
t4
t5
Table 31. Auto Negotiation and Fast Link Pulse Timing Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Clock/Data pulse width
t1
–
100
–
ns
–
Clock pulse to Data pulse
t2
55.5
–
63.8
µs
–
Clock pulse to Clock pulse
t3
123
–
127
µs
–
Parameter
FLP burst width
t4
–
2
–
ms
–
FLP burst to FLP burst
t5
8
12
24
ms
–
Clock/Data pulses per burst
–
17
–
33
ea
–
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
52
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Figure 32. MDIO Input Timing
MDC
t2
t1
MDIO
Figure 33. MDIO Output Timing
t4
MDC
t3
MDIO
Table 32. MDIO Timing Parameters
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Test Conditions
MDIO setup before MDC, sourced
by STA
t1
10
–
–
ns
–
MDIO hold after MDC, sourced by
STA
t2
5
–
–
ns
–
MDC to MDIO output delay, source
by PHY
t3
–
–
150
ns
–
MDC period
t4
125
–
–
ns
MDC = 8 MHz
1. Typical values are at 25° C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
Datasheet
53
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Figure 34. Power-Up Timing
v1
t1
VCC
MDIO,etc
Table 33. Power-Up Timing Parameters
Parameter
Voltage threshold
Power Up delay
2
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Test Conditions
v1
–
2.9
–
V
–
t1
–
–
300
µs
–
1. Typical values are at 25° C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. Power Up Delay is specified as a maximum value because it refers to the PHY's guaranteed performance - the PHY comes
out of reset after a delay of No MORE Than 300 µs. System designers should consider this as a minimum value - After
threshold v1 is reached, the MAC should delay No LESS Than 300 µs before accessing the MDIO port.
Figure 35. RESET Pulse Width and Recovery Timing
t1
RESET
t2
MDIO,etc
Table 34. RESET Pulse Width and Recovery Timing Parameters
Sym
Min
Typ1
RESET pulse width
t1
10
RESET recovery delay2
t2
–
Parameter
Max
Units
Test Conditions
–
–
ns
–
–
300
µs
–
1. Typical values are at 25° C and are for design aid only; not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
2. Reset Recovery Delay is specified as a maximum value because it refers to the PHY's guaranteed performance - the PHY
comes out of reset after a delay of No MORE Than 300 µs. System designers should consider this as a minimum value After de-asserting RESET*, the MAC should delay No LESS Than 300 µs before accessing the MDIO port.
54
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
6.0
Register Definitions
The LXT972A register set includes multiple 16-bit registers. Refer to Table 35 for a complete
register listing.
• Base registers (0 through 8) are defined in accordance with the “Reconciliation Sublayer and
Media Independent Interface” and “Physical Layer Link Signaling for 10/100Mbps AutoNegotiation” sections of the IEEE 802.3 standard.
• Additional registers are defined in accordance with the IEEE 802.3 standard for adding unique
chip functions.
Table 35. Register Set
Address
Register Name
Bit Assignments
0
Control Register
Refer to Table 37 on page 58
1
Status Register #1
Refer to Table 38 on page 58
2
PHY Identification Register 1
Refer to Table 39 on page 59
3
PHY Identification Register 2
Refer to Table 40 on page 60
4
Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register
Refer to Table 41 on page 61
5
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register
Refer to Table 42 on page 62
6
Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register
Refer to Table 43 on page 63
7
Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register
Refer to Table 44 on page 63
8
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Received Next Page Register
Refer to Table 45 on page 64
9
1000BASE-T/100BASE-T2 Control Register
Not Implemented
10
1000BASE-T/100BASE-T2 Status Register
Not Implemented
15
Extended Status Register
Not Implemented
16
Port Configuration Register
Refer to Table 46 on page 64
17
Status Register #2
Refer to Table 47 on page 65
18
Interrupt Enable Register
Refer to Table 48 on page 66
19
Interrupt Status Register
Refer to Table 49 on page 66
20
LED Configuration Register
Refer to Table 50 on page 68
21- 29
30
Datasheet
Reserved
Transmit Control Register
Refer to Table 51 on page 69
55
Bit Fields
Reg Title
Addr
B15
B14
B13
B12
B11
B10
B9
B8
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
Control Register
Control
Reset
Loopback
Speed
Select
A/N
Enable
Power
Down
Isolate
Re-start
A/N
Duplex
Mode
COL Test
Speed
Select
Reserved
0
Status Register
Status
100BaseT4
100Base- 100Base- 10Mbps
X Full
X Half
Full
Duplex
Duplex
Duplex
MF
10Mbps 100Base- 100BaseA/N
Remote A/N Ability
Half
T2 Full
T2 Half Extended Reserved Preamble
Complete
Fault
Status
Suppress
Duplex
Duplex
Duplex
Link
Status
Jabber
Detect
Extended
Capability
1
2
1
0
2
PHY ID Registers
PHY ID 1
15
14
PHY ID2
13
12
11
10
9
8
PHY ID No
7
6
5
4
3
MFR Model No
MFR Rev No
3
Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register
A/N
Advertise
Next
Page
Reserved
Remote
Reserved
Fault
Asymm
Pause
Pause
100BaseT4
10Base-T
100Base100BaseFull
10Base-T
TX Full
TX
Duplex
Duplex
IEEE Selector Field
4
IEEE Selector Field
5
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register
A/N Link
Ability
Next
Page
Ack
Remote
Reserved
Fault
Asymm
Pause
Pause
100Base- 100Base- 100Base- 10Base-T
Full
10Base-T
TX Full
TX
T4
Duplex
Duplex
Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register
A/N
Expansion
Base
Page
Reserved
Parallel
Detect
Fault
Link
Link
Partner
Next
Page
Partner
Next
Page Able Received A/N Able
Page Able
6
Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register
A/N Next
Page Txmit
Next
Page
Reserved Message
Page
Ack 2
Toggle
Message / Unformatted Code Field
7
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Next Page Receive Register
A/N Link Next
Page
Next
Page
Ack
Message
Page
Ack 2
Toggle
Message / Unformatted Code Field
8
Datasheet
Configuration Register
Port Config Reserved
Force
Link Pass
Bypass
Txmit Scrambler Reserved
Disable
)
(100TX)
Jabber
(10T)
SQE
(10T)
TP
Loopback
(10T)
CRS
Select
(10T)
Reserved PRE_EN
Reserved
Reserved
Alternate
Next
Reserved
Page
16
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
56
Table 36. Register Bit Map
Datasheet
Table 36. Register Bit Map (Continued)
Bit Fields
Reg Title
Addr
B15
B14
B13
B12
B11
B10
B9
B8
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
Polarity
Pause
Error
Reserved
B1
B0
Status Register #2
Status
Register #2
Reserved
10/100
Mode
Transmit
Status
Receive
Status
Collision
Status
Link
Duplex
Mode
Auto-Neg
Auto-Neg
Reserved
Complete
Reserved
17
Interrupt Enable Register
Interrupt
Enable
Reserved
Reserved
Auto-Neg
Mask
Duplex
Mask
Speed
Change
Duplex
Change
Test
Interrupt
18
MD
Link
Reserved Reserved
Reserved
Interrupt
Change
19
Link Mask Reserved Reserved
Interrupt
Enable
Interrupt Status Register
Interrupt
Status
Reserved
Reserved
Auto-Neg
Done
LED Configuration Register
LED Config
LED1
LED2
LED3
LED Freq
Pulse
Stretch
Reserved
20
Transmit Control Register
Trans.
Control
Reserved
Transmit
Low Pwr
Port Rise Time
Control
Reserved
30
57
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Speed
Mask
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 37. Control Register (Address 0)
Bit
Name
0.15
Reset
0.14
Loopback
Description
Type 1
Default
1 = PHY reset
R/W
0 = Normal operation
SC
1 = Enable loopback mode
0 = Disable loopback mode
R/W
0
R/W
Note 2
0.6
0.13
Speed Selected
Reserved
1000Mbps (not supported)
100Mbps
10Mbps
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0.13
Speed Selection
0.12
Auto-Negotiation
Enable
1 = Enable Auto-Negotiation Process
0 = Disable Auto-Negotiation Process
R/W
Note 2
0.11
Power-Down
1 = Power-down
0 = Normal operation
R/W
0
0.10
Isolate
1 = Electrically isolate PHY from MII
0 = Normal operation
R/W
0
Restart
0.9
Auto-Negotiation
1 = Restart Auto-Negotiation Process
0 = Normal operation
R/W
SC
0
0.8
Duplex Mode
1 = Full Duplex
0 = Half Duplex
R/W
Note 2
0.7
Collision Test
1 = Enable COL signal test
0 = Disable COL signal test
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
00000
0.6
0.13
1
0
1
0
Speed Selected
Reserved
1000Mbps (not supported)
100Mbps
10Mbps
0.6
Speed Selection
1
1
0
0
0.5:0
Reserved
Write as 0, ignore on Read
1. R/W = Read/Write
RO = Read Only
SC = Self Clearing
2. Default value of bits 0.12, 0.13 and 0.8 are determined by the LED/CFG pins (refer to Table 8 on page 24).
Table 38. MII Status Register #1 (Address 1)
Bit
Name
100BASE-T4
Description
Type 1
Default
Not Supported
1 = PHY able to perform 100BASE-T4
0 = PHY not able to perform 100BASE-T4
RO
0
1.14
100BASE-X FullDuplex
1 = PHY able to perform full-duplex 100BASE-X
0 = PHY not able to perform full-duplex 100BASE-X
RO
1
1.13
100BASE-X HalfDuplex
1 = PHY able to perform half-duplex 100BASE-X
0 = PHY not able to perform half-duplex 100BASE-X
RO
1
1.15
1. RO = Read Only
LL = Latching Low
LH = Latching High
58
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 38. MII Status Register #1 (Address 1)
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
1.12
10Mbps Full-Duplex
1 = PHY able to operate at 10Mbps in full-duplex mode
0 = PHY not able to operate at 10Mbps full-duplex mode
RO
1
1.11
10Mbps Half-Duplex
1 = PHY able to operate at 10Mbps in half-duplex mode
0 = PHY not able to operate at 10Mbps in half-duplex
RO
1
1.10
100BASE-T2 FullDuplex
1 = PHY able to perform full-duplex 100BASE-T2
0 = PHY not able to perform full-duplex 100BASE-T2
RO
0
1 = PHY able to perform half duplex 100BASE-T2
0 = PHY not able to perform half-duplex 100BASE-T2
RO
0
1 = Extended status information in register 15
0 = No extended status information in register 15
RO
0
Not Supported
100BASE-T2 HalfDuplex
1.9
Not Supported
1.8
Extended Status
1.7
Reserved
1 = ignore when read
RO
0
1.6
MF Preamble
Suppression
1 = PHY accepts management frames with preamble suppressed
0 = PHY will not accept management frames with preamble
suppressed
RO
0
1.5
Auto-Negotiation
Complete
1 = Auto-negotiation complete
0 = Auto-negotiation not complete
RO
0
1.4
Remote Fault
1 = Remote fault condition detected
0 = No remote fault condition detected
RO/LH
0
1.3
Auto-Negotiation
Ability
1 = PHY is able to perform Auto-Negotiation
0 = PHY is not able to perform Auto-Negotiation
RO
1
1.2
Link Status
1 = Link is up
0 = Link is down
RO/LL
0
1.1
Jabber Detect
1 = Jabber condition detected
0 = Jabber condition not detected
RO/LH
0
1.0
Extended Capability
1 = Extended register capabilities
0 = Basic register capabilities
RO
1
1. RO = Read Only
LL = Latching Low
LH = Latching High
Table 39. PHY Identification Register 1 (Address 2)
Bit
2.15:0
Name
PHY ID
Number
Description
The PHY identifier composed of bits 3 through 18 of the OUI.
Type 1
Default
RO
0013 hex
1. RO = Read Only
Datasheet
59
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 40. PHY Identification Register 2 (Address 3)
Bit
Type 1
Name
Description
Default
3.15:10
PHY ID number
The PHY identifier composed of bits 19 through 24 of the
OUI.
RO
011110
3.9:4
Manufacturer’s
model number
6 bits containing manufacturer’s part number.
RO
001110
3.3:0
Manufacturer’s
revision number
4 bits containing manufacturer’s revision number.
RO
(See LXT971A/972A
Specification Update)
xxxx
1. RO = Read Only
Figure 36. PHY Identifier Bit Mapping
a
b c
Organizationally Unique Identifier
r s
x
PHY ID Register #2 (Address 3)
PHY ID Register #1 (address 2) = 0013
15
0 15
10 9
4
3
0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
00
20
7B
5
0
3
0
The Intel OUI is 00207B hex
Manufacturer’s
Model Number
60
Revision
Number
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 41. Auto Negotiation Advertisement Register (Address 4)
Bit
Type 1
Default
1 = Port has ability to send multiple pages.
0 = Port has no ability to send multiple pages.
R/W
0
Name
Description
4.15
Next Page
4.14
Reserved
Ignore.
RO
0
4.13
Remote Fault
1 = Remote fault.
0 = No remote fault.
R/W
0
4.12
Reserved
Ignore.
R/W
0
4.11
Asymmetric
Pause
Pause operation defined in Clause 40 and 27.
R/W
0
4.10
Pause
1 = Pause operation enabled for full-duplex links.
0 = Pause operation disabled.
R/W
Note 2
R/W
0
1 = 100BASE-T4 capability is available.
0 = 100BASE-T4 capability is not available.
4.9
100BASE-T4
(The LXT972A does not support 100BASE-T4 but allows this bit to be set to
advertise in the Auto-Negotiation sequence for 100BASE-T4 operation. An
external 100BASE-T4 transceiver could be switched in if this capability is
desired.)
4.8
100BASE-TX
full-duplex
1 = Port is 100BASE-TX full-duplex capable.
0 = Port is not 100BASE-TX full-duplex capable.
R/W
Note 3
4.7
100BASE-TX
1 = Port is 100BASE-TX capable.
0 = Port is not 100BASE-TX capable.
R/W
Note 3
4.6
10BASE-T
full-duplex
R/W
Note 3
4.5
10BASE-T
R/W
Note 3
R/W
00001
4.4:0
Selector Field,
S<4:0>
1 = Port is 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
0 = Port is not 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
1 = Port is 10BASE-T capable.
0 = Port is not 10BASE-T capable.
<00001> = IEEE 802.3.
<00010> = IEEE 802.9 ISLAN-16T.
<00000> = Reserved for future Auto-Negotiation development.
<11111> = Reserved for future Auto-Negotiation development.
Unspecified or reserved combinations should not be transmitted.
1. R/W = Read/Write
RO = Read Only
2. Default value of bit 4.10 is determined by pin 33/H8.
3. Default values of bits 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, and 4.8 are determined by LED/CFGn pins at reset. Refer to Table 8 for details.
Datasheet
61
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 42. Auto Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register (Address 5)
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
5.15
Next Page
1 = Link Partner has ability to send multiple pages.
0 = Link Partner has no ability to send multiple pages.
RO
N/A
5.14
Acknowledge
1 = Link Partner has received Link Code Word from LXT972A.
0 = Link Partner has not received Link Code Word from the
LXT972A.
RO
N/A
5.13
Remote Fault
1 = Remote fault.
0 = No remote fault.
RO
N/A
5.12
Reserved
Ignore.
RO
N/A
5.11
Asymmetric
Pause
RO
N/A
5.10
Pause
1 = Link Partner is Pause capable.
0 = Link Partner is not Pause capable.
RO
N/A
5.9
100BASE-T4
1 = Link Partner is 100BASE-T4 capable.
0 = Link Partner is not 100BASE-T4 capable.
RO
N/A
5.8
100BASE-TX
full-duplex
1 = Link Partner is 100BASE-TX full-duplex capable.
0 = Link Partner is not 100BASE-TX full-duplex capable.
RO
N/A
5.7
100BASE-TX
1 = Link Partner is 100BASE-TX capable.
0 = Link Partner is not 100BASE-TX capable.
RO
N/A
1 = Link Partner is 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
0 = Link Partner is not 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
RO
N/A
10BASE-T
1 = Link Partner is 10BASE-T capable.
0 = Link Partner is not 10BASE-T capable.
RO
N/A
Selector Field
S<4:0>
<00001> = IEEE 802.3.
<00010> = IEEE 802.9 ISLAN-16T.
<00000> = Reserved for future Auto-Negotiation development.
<11111> = Reserved for future Auto-Negotiation development.
Unspecified or reserved combinations shall not be transmitted.
RO
N/A
5.6
5.5
5.4:0
10BASE-T
full-duplex
Pause operation defined in Clause 40 and 27.
1 = Link Partner is Pause capable.
0 = Link Partner is not Pause capable.
1. RO = Read Only
62
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 43. Auto Negotiation Expansion (Address 6)
Bit
6.15:6
6.5
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
Reserved
Ignore on read.
RO
0
Base Page
This bit indicates the status of the Auto-Negotiation variable, base page. It
flags synchronization with the Auto-Negotiation state diagram allowing
detection of interrupted links. This bit is only used if bit 16.1 (Alternate NP
feature) is set.
RO/
LH
0
1 = basepage = true
0 = basepage = false
RO/
6.4
Parallel
Detection Fault
1 = Parallel detection fault has occurred.
0 = Parallel detection fault has not occurred.
6.3
Link Partner
Next Page Able
1 = Link partner is next page able.
0 = Link partner is not next page able.
RO
0
6.2
Next Page Able
1 = Local device is next page able.
0 = Local device is not next page able.
RO
1
6.1
Page Received
1 = Indicates that a new page has been received and the received code
word has been loaded into register 5 (base pages) or register 8 (next
pages) as specified in clause 28 of 802.3. This bit is cleared on read. If bit
16.1 is set, the Page Received bit is also cleared when mr_page_rx = false
or transmit_disable = true.
RO
LH
0
6.0
Link Partner A/
N Able
1 = Link partner is auto-negotiation able.
0 = Link partner is not auto-negotiation able.
RO
0
LH
0
1. RO = Read Only LH = Latching High
Table 44. Auto Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register (Address 7)
Bit
7.15
7.14
7.13
7.12
7.11
7.10:0
Name
Description
Next Page
1 = Additional next pages follow
(NP)
0 = Last page
Reserved
Write as 0, ignore on read
Message Page
1 = Message page
(MP)
0 = Unformatted page
Acknowledge 2
1 = Complies with message
(ACK2)
0 = Can not comply with message
Toggle
(T)
1 = Previous value of the transmitted Link Code Word equalled logic
zero
0 = Previous value of the transmitted Link Code Word equalled logic
one
Message/
Unformatted Code
Field
Type 1
Default
R/W
0
RO
0
R/W
1
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
00000000
001
1. RO = Read Only. R/W = Read/Write
Datasheet
63
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 45. Auto Negotiation Link Partner Next Page Receive Register (Address 8)
Bit
8.15
8.14
8.13
8.12
8.11
8.10:0
Type 1
Default
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
1 = Previous value of the transmitted Link Code Word equalled logic
zero
0 = Previous value of the transmitted Link Code Word equalled logic
one
RO
0
User definable
RO
0
Name
Description
Next Page
1 = Link Partner has additional next pages to send
(NP)
0 = Link Partner has no additional next pages to send
Acknowledge
1 = Link Partner has received Link Code Word from LXT972A
(ACK)
0 = Link Partner has not received Link Code Word from LXT972A
Message Page
1 = Page sent by the Link Partner is a Message Page
(MP)
0 = Page sent by the Link Partner is an Unformatted Page
Acknowledge 2
1 = Link Partner complies with the message
(ACK2)
0 = Link Partner can not comply with the message
Toggle
(T)
Message/
Unformatted Code
Field
1. RO = Read Only.
Table 46. Configuration Register (Address 16, Hex 10)
Bit
16.15
16.14
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
Reserved
Write as zero, ignore on read.
R/W
0
Force Link Pass
1 = Force Link pass
0 = Normal operation
R/W
0
16.13
Transmit Disable
1 = Disable Twisted Pair transmitter
0 = Normal Operation
R/W
0
16.12
Bypass Scrambler
(100BASE-TX)
1 = Bypass Scrambler and Descrambler
0 = Normal Operation
R/W
0
16.11
Reserved
Ignore
R/W
0
16.10
Jabber
(10BASE-T)
1 = Disable Jabber Correction
0 = Normal operation
R/W
0
16.9
SQE
(10BASE-T)
1 = Enable Heart Beat
0 = Disable Heart Beat
R/W
0
16.8
TP Loopback
(10BASE-T)
1 = Disable TP loopback during half-duplex operation
0 = Normal Operation
R/W
0
16.7
CRS Select
(10BASE-T)
1 = CRS deassert extends to RX_DV deassert
0 = Normal Operation
R/W
1
16.6
Reserved
Write as zero, ignore on read.
R/W
0
16.5
PRE_EN
0 = Set RX_DV high coincident with SFD.
1 = Set RX_DV high and RXD = preamble when CRS is asserted.
R/W
0
16.4:3
Reserved
Write as zero, ignore on read.
R/W
00
Preamble Enable.
1. R/W = Read /Write, LHR = Latches High on Reset
64
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 46. Configuration Register (Address 16, Hex 10) (Continued)
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
16.2
Reserved
Write as zero, ignore on read.
R/W
0
16.1
Alternate NP
feature
1 = Enable alternate auto negotiate next page feature.
0 = Disable alternate auto negotiate next page feature
R/W
0
16.0
Reserved
Write as zero, ignore on read.
R/W
0
1. R/W = Read /Write, LHR = Latches High on Reset
Table 47. Status Register #2 (Address 17)
Bit
17.15
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
Reserved
Always 0.
RO
0
17.14
10/100 Mode
1 = LXT972A is operating in 100BASE-TX mode.
0 = LXT972A is not operating 100BASE-TX mode.
RO
0
17.13
Transmit Status
1 = LXT972A is transmitting a packet.
0 = LXT972A is not transmitting a packet.
RO
0
17.12
Receive Status
1 = LXT972A is receiving a packet.
0 = LXT972A is not receiving a packet.
RO
0
17.11
Collision Status
1 = Collision is occurring.
0 = No collision.
RO
0
17.10
Link
1 = Link is up.
0 = Link is down.
RO
0
17.9
Duplex Mode
1 = Full-duplex.
0 = Half-duplex.
RO
0
17.8
Auto-Negotiation
1 = LXT972A is in Auto-Negotiation Mode.
0 = LXT972A is in manual mode.
RO
0
17.7
Auto-Negotiation
Complete
RO
0
17.6
Reserved
Reserved.
RO
0
17.5
Polarity
1 = Polarity is reversed.
0 = Polarity is not reversed.
RO
0
17.4
Pause
1 = Device Pause capable.
0 = Device Not Pause capable.
RO
0
17:3
Error
1 = Error Occurred (Remote Fault, X,Y,Z).
0 = No error occurred.
RO
0
17:2
Reserved
Always 0.
RO
0
17:1
Reserved
Always 0.
RO
0
17.0
Reserved
Always 0.
RO
0
1 = Auto-negotiation process completed.
0 = Auto-negotiation process not completed.
This bit is only valid when auto negotiate is enabled, and is equivalent
to bit 1.5.
1. RO = Read Only. R/W = Read/Write
Datasheet
65
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 48. Interrupt Enable Register (Address 18)
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
18.15:9
Reserved
Write as 0; ignore on read.
R/W
N/A
18.8
Reserved
Write as 0; ignore on read.
R/W
0
18.7
ANMSK
R/W
0
18.6
SPEEDMSK
R/W
0
18.5
DUPLEXMSK
R/W
0
18.4
LINKMSK
1 = Enable event to cause interrupt.
0 = Do not allow event to cause interrupt.
R/W
0
18.3
Reserved
Write as 0, ignore on read.
R/W
0
18.2
Reserved
Write as 0, ignore on read.
R/W
0
18.1
INTEN
1 = Enable interrupts.
0 = Disable interrupts.
R/W
0
18.0
TINT
1 = Force interrupt on MDINT.
0 = Normal operation.
R/W
0
Type 1
Default
N/A
Mask for Auto Negotiate Complete
1 = Enable event to cause interrupt.
0 = Do not allow event to cause interrupt.
Mask for Speed Interrupt
1 = Enable event to cause interrupt.
0 = Do not allow event to cause interrupt.
Mask for Duplex Interrupt
1 = Enable event to cause interrupt.
0 = Do not allow event to cause interrupt.
Mask for Link Status Interrupt
1. R/W = Read /Write
Table 49. Interrupt Status Register (Address 19, Hex 13)
Bit
Name
Description
19.15:9
Reserved
Ignore
RO
19.8
Reserved
Ignore
RO
19.7
ANDONE
19.6
SPEEDCHG
0
Auto Negotiation Status
1 = Auto Negotiation has completed.
0 = Auto Negotiation has not completed.
RO/SC
N/A
RO/SC
0
RO/SC
0
RO/SC
0
RO
0
Speed Change Status
1 = A Speed Change has occurred since last reading this register.
0 = A Speed Change has not occurred since last reading this register.
Duplex Change Status
19.5
DUPLEXCHG
1 = A Duplex Change has occurred since last reading this register.
0 = A Duplex Change has not occurred since last reading this register.
Link Status Change Status
19.4
LINKCHG
1 = A Link Change has occurred since last reading this register.
0 = A Link Change has not occurred since last reading this register.
19.3
Reserved
Ignore
1. R/W = Read/Write, SC = Self Clearing.
66
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 49. Interrupt Status Register (Address 19, Hex 13) (Continued)
Bit
Name
Description
1 = MII interrupt pending.
Type 1
Default
19.2
MDINT
19.1
Reserved
Ignore.
RO
N/A
19.0
Reserved
Ignore
RO
0
0 = No MII interrupt pending.
RO
1. R/W = Read/Write, SC = Self Clearing.
Datasheet
67
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
Table 50. LED Configuration Register (Address 20, Hex 14)
Bit
Name
LED1
20.15:12
Programming
bits
LED2
20.11:8
Programming
bits
LED3
20.7:4
Programming
bits
Type 1
Default
0000 = Display Speed Status (Continuous, Default)
0001 = Display Transmit Status (Stretched)
0010 = Display Receive Status (Stretched)
0011 = Display Collision Status (Stretched)
0100 = Display Link Status (Continuous)
0101 = Display Duplex Status (Continuous)
0110 = Unused
0111 = Display Receive or Transmit Activity (Stretched)
1000 = Test mode- turn LED on (Continuous)
1001 = Test mode- turn LED off (Continuous)
1010 = Test mode- blink LED fast (Continuous)
1011 = Test mode- blink LED slow (Continuous)
1100 = Display Link and Receive Status combined 2 (Stretched)3
1101 = Display Link and Activity Status combined 2 (Stretched)3
1110 = Display Duplex and Collision Status combined 4 (Stretched)3
1111 = Unused
R/W
0000
0000 = Display Speed Status
0001 = Display Transmit Status
0010 = Display Receive Status
0011 = Display Collision Status
0100 = Display Link Status (Default)
0101 = Display Duplex Status
0110 = Unused
0111 = Display Receive or Transmit Activity
1000 = Test mode- turn LED on
1001 = Test mode- turn LED off
1010 = Test mode- blink LED fast
1011 = Test mode- blink LED slow
1100 = Display Link and Receive Status combined 2 (Stretched)3
1101 = Display Link and Activity Status combined 2 (Stretched)3
1110 = Display Duplex and Collision Status combined 4 (Stretched)3
1111 = Unused
R/W
0100
Description
0000 = Display Speed Status
0001 = Display Transmit Status
0010 = Display Receive Status (Default)
0011 = Display Collision Status
0100 = Display Link Status
0101 = Display Duplex Status
0110 = Unused
0111 = Display Receive or Transmit Activity
1000 = Test mode- turn LED on
1001 = Test mode- turn LED off
1010 = Test mode- blink LED fast
1011 = Test mode- blink LED slow
1100 = Display Link and Receive Status combined 2 (Stretched)3
1101 = Display Link and Activity Status combined 2 (Stretched)3
1110 = Display Duplex and Collision Status combined 4 (Stretched)3
1111 = Unused
R/W
0010
1. R/W = Read /Write
RO = Read Only
LH = Latching High
2. Link status is the primary LED driver. The LED is asserted (solid ON) when the link is up.
The secondary LED driver (Receive or Activity) causes the LED to change state (blink).
3. Combined event LED settings are not affected by Pulse Stretch bit 20.1. These display settings are stretched regardless of
the value of 20.1.
4. Duplex status is the primary LED driver. The LED is asserted (solid ON) when the link is full duplex.
Collision status is the secondary LED driver. The LED changes state (blinks) when a collision occurs.
5. Values are relative approximations. Not guaranteed or production tested.
68
Datasheet
3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet — LXT972A
Table 50. LED Configuration Register (Address 20, Hex 14) (Continued)
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
20.3:2
LEDFREQ5
00 = Stretch LED events to 30 ms.
01 = Stretch LED events to 60 ms.
10 = Stretch LED events to 100 ms.
11 = Reserved.
R/W
00
20.1
PULSESTRETCH
0 = Disable pulse stretching of all LEDs.
1 = Enable pulse stretching of all LEDs.
R/W
1
20.0
Reserved
Ignore.
R/W
N/A
1. R/W = Read /Write
RO = Read Only
LH = Latching High
2. Link status is the primary LED driver. The LED is asserted (solid ON) when the link is up.
The secondary LED driver (Receive or Activity) causes the LED to change state (blink).
3. Combined event LED settings are not affected by Pulse Stretch bit 20.1. These display settings are stretched regardless of
the value of 20.1.
4. Duplex status is the primary LED driver. The LED is asserted (solid ON) when the link is full duplex.
Collision status is the secondary LED driver. The LED changes state (blinks) when a collision occurs.
5. Values are relative approximations. Not guaranteed or production tested.
Table 51. Transmit Control Register #2 (Address 30)
Bit
30.15:11
Name
Reserved
Description
Ignore
Type2
Default
R/W
0
R/W
0
1 = Forces the transmitter into low power mode. Also
30.12
Transmit Low Power
forces a zero-differential transmission.
0 = Normal transmission.
30.11:10
Port Rise Time Control1
00 = 2.7 ns (default is pins TXSLEW<1:0>)
01 = 3.5 ns
10 = 2.3 ns
11 = 2.0 ns
R/W
N/A
30.9:0
Reserved
Ignore
R/W
0
1. Values are relative approximations. Not guaranteed or production tested.
2. R/W = Read/Write
Datasheet
69
LXT972A — 3.3V Dual-Speed Fast Ethernet Transceiver Datasheet
7.0
Package Specification
Figure 37. LXT972A LQFP Package Specifications
64-Pin Low Profile Quad Flat Pack
• Part Number - LXT972ALC Commercial Temperature Range (0ºC to +70ºC)
D
D1
Millimeters
Dim
Min
Max
A
–
1.60
A1
0.05
0.15
A2
1.35
1.45
B
0.17
0.27
D
11.85
12.15
D1
9.9
10.1
E
11.85
12.15
E1
9.9
10.1
E
0.50 BSC1
e
L
E1
0.45
0.75
1.00 REF
L1
θ3
11
θ
0o
o
13o
e e/
2
7o
1. Basic Spacing between Centers
θ3
L1
A2
A
A1
L
70
B
θ
θ3
Datasheet