MIC94161/2/3/4/5 3A High-Side Load Switch with Reverse Blocking General Description Features The MIC94161/2/3/4/5 is a family of high-side load switches designed to operate from 1.7V to 5.5V input voltage. The load switch pass element is an internal 14.5mΩ RDSON N-Channel MOSFET which enables the device to support up to 3A of continuous current. Additionally, the load switch supports 1.5V logic level control and shutdown features in a tiny 1.5mm × 1mm 6-ball WLCSP package. • • • • • • • • • • • • The MIC9416x provides reverse current protection when the device is disabled. The device will not allow the flow of current from the output to the input when the device is turned OFF. Additionally, the MIC94161 features overvoltage protection to protect the load when the input voltage is above 4.55V, as well as a precise enable threshold which keeps the MIC94161 in the default OFF state until the EN pin rises above 1.15V. The MIC94161/2/3/4/5 operating voltage range makes them ideal for Lithium-ion and NiMH/NiCad/Alkaline battery-powered systems, as well as non-battery-powered applications. The devices provide low quiescent current and low shutdown current to maximize battery life. Datasheets and support documentation are available on Micrel’s web site at: www.micrel.com. 1.5mm × 1mm 6-ball WLCSP package 14.5mΩ RDSON 1.7V to 5.5V input voltage range 3A continuous operating current Reverse current flow blocking (no “body diode”) Internal level shift for CMOS/TTL control logic Ultra-low quiescent current Micropower shutdown current Soft-start: MIC94161/4/5 (2.7ms) Load discharge circuit: MIC94162/4 Ultra-fast turn-off time Junction operating temperature from −40°C to +125°C Applications • • • • • • • Solid state drives (SSD) Smart phones and tablets Personal media players (PMP) Ultra mobile PCs Portable instrumentation GPS modules Datacom equipment Typical Application MIC94161 (2.7ms Soft Start with OVP) MIC94163 (Ultra-Fast Turn On) MIC94165 (2.7ms Soft Start) MIC94162 (Ultra-Fast Turn On with Auto Discharge) MIC94164 (2.7ms Soft Start with Auto Discharge) Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com March 14, 2014 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Ordering Information Part Number Marking OVP Turn-On Time Active Discharge Package MIC94161YCS 1Q Yes 2.7ms No 1.5mm × 1mm 6-Ball WLCSP MIC94162YCS 2Q No 60µs Yes 1.5mm × 1mm 6-Ball WLCSP MIC94163YCS 3Q No 60µs No 1.5mm × 1mm 6-Ball WLCSP MIC94164YCS 4Q No 2.7ms Yes 1.5mm × 1mm 6-Ball WLCSP MIC94165YCS ZQ No 2.7ms No 1.5mm × 1mm 6-Ball WLCSP Pin Configuration 6-Ball 1.5mm × 1mm WLCSP (CS) (Top View) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name A1, B1 VOUT Source of N-channel MOSFET. C1 GND Ground. A2, B2 VIN Input Supply: Drain of N-channel MOSFET. C2 EN Enable (Input): Active-high control input for switch. Internal 2MΩ pull-down resistor. Output will be off if this pin is left floating. March 14, 2014 Pin Function 2 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Input Voltage (VIN) ........................................... −0.3V to +6V Enable Voltage (VEN) ...................................... −0.3V to +6V (3) Continuous Drain Current (ID) ..................................... ±3A Storage Temperature (Ts) ......................... –55°C to +150°C (4) ESD Rating .................................................................. 2kV Input Voltage (VIN) ...........................................+1.7 to +5.5V Junction Temperature (TJ) ........................ –40°C to +125°C Package Thermal Resistance 1.5mm × 1mm 6-Ball WLCSP (θJA) ................. 108°C/W Electrical Characteristics TA = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C , unless noted. Parameter Symbol Condition Min. Typ. Max. Units 1.7 5.5 V 1.15 1.5 V General Operating Input Voltage Range Enable Threshold Voltage (MIC94161) Enable Threshold Voltage (MIC94162/3/4/5) VIN VENTH VENTH VIN = 1.7V to 5.5V , IOUT = 250μA Logic Low, OFF; VIN = 1.8V to 5.5V; IOUT = 250μA; −40˚C ≥ TJ ≤ 85˚C Logic High, ON; VIN = 1.7V to 5.5V; IOUT = 250μA; −40˚C ≥ TJ ≤ 125˚C 0.375 V 1.2 Enable Input Current IEN VIN = VEN = 3.6V ; IOUT = 0 2 4 µA Quiescent Current (MIC94161) IQ VIN = VEN = 3.6V ; IOUT = 0 40 80 µA Quiescent Current (MIC94162/3) IQ VIN = VEN = 3.6V ; IOUT = 0 25 55 µA Quiescent Current (MIC94164/5) IQ VIN = VEN = 3.6V ; IOUT = 0 15 35 µA Shutdown Current ISD VIN = 5.5V ; VEN = 0V ; IOUT = Open 0.1 1 µA OFF State Leakage Current ILEAK VIN = 5.5V ; VEN = 0V ; IOUT = Short 0.1 1 µA Reverse Leakage Current (MIC94161,3,5) ILEAKR VIN = 0V ; VOUT = 5.5V ; VEN = 0V 0.1 1 µA VIN = 5.5V ; VEN = 1.5V ; IOUT = 3A 14.5 VIN = 4.5V ; VEN = 1.5V ; IOUT = 3A 15.5 VIN = 3.6V ; VEN = 1.5V ; IOUT = 3A 17.5 VIN = 2.7V ; VEN = 1.5V ; IOUT = 3A 21 VIN = 1.8V ; VEN = 1.5V ; IOUT = 3A 34 VIN = 1.7V ; VEN = 1.5V ; IOUT = 3A 40 N-Channel ON-Resistance RDS(ON) Overvoltage Protection Threshold (MIC94161) VOVP VIN = VEN ; IOUT = 0; VIN rising Active Discharge Resistance (MIC94162/4) RAD VIN = 3.6V ; ITEST = 1mA ; VEN = 0V 4.5 mΩ 4.75 5 V 200 400 Ω Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating ratings. 3. With thermal contact to PCB (see Application Information). 4. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions are recommended. Human body model, 1.5kΩ in series with 100pF. March 14, 2014 3 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) TA = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C , unless noted. Parameter Symbol Condition Min. Typ. Max. Units Timing Characteristics Turn-On Delay Time (MIC94162/3) tON VIN = 3.6V ; RLOAD = 1.2Ω ; COUT = 200μF ; VEN = 1.5V 10 µs Turn-On Rise Time (MIC94162/3) tr VIN = 3.6V ; RLOAD = 1.2Ω ; COUT = 200μF ; VEN = 1.5V 60 µs Turn-On Delay Time (MIC94161/4/5) tON VIN = 3.6V ; RLOAD = 1.2Ω ; COUT = 200μF ; VEN = 1.5V 0.4 ms Turn-On Rise Time (MIC94161/4/5) tr VIN = 3.6V ; RLOAD = 1.2Ω ; COUT = 200μF ; VEN = 1.5V 2.7 ms Turn-Off Delay Time tOFF VIN = 3.6V ; RLOAD = 1.2Ω ; COUT = 200μF ; VEN = 1.5V 25 µs tf VIN = 3.6V ; RLOAD = 1.2Ω ; COUT = 200μF ; VEN = 1.5V 500 µs Turn-Off Fall Time March 14, 2014 4 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Timing Diagrams Figure 1. Output Voltage Rise and Fall time Measurements Figure 2. Output Voltage Turn On and Turn Off Measurements March 14, 2014 5 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Typical Characteristics On Resistance vs. Temperature 35 80 VOLTAGE DROP (mV) VIN = 2.7V 25 VIN = 3.6V 20 VIN = 5.5V 15 10 5 35 70 30 60 50 40 VIN = 1.7V 30 20 0 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 1 10 1000 10000 1.5 750 550 700 650 600 500 550 500 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 1.32 1.31 1.3 1.29 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 TEMPERATURE (°C) INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage (MIC94161) Quiescent vs. Input Voltage (MIC94162/3) Quiescent vs. Input Voltage (MIC94164/5) 80 45 70 40 30 50 IQ (µA) IQ (µA) 30 40 30 20 VEN = 1.5V 5 VEN = 1.5V 0 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) March 14, 2014 5 5.5 20 10 10 0 25 15 20 10 5 35 60 40 5.5 1.33 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 50 2 5.0 1.27 -40 60 1.5 4.5 1.28 VIN = 3.6V T = 25°C 400 4.0 1.34 ENABLE THRESHOLD (V) ENABLE (mV) 600 3.5 1.35 750 650 3.0 Enable Threshold vs. Input Voltage (MIC94161) 700 2.5 2.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 800 2.0 2.0 Enable Threshold vs. Temperature (MIC94162/3/4/5) 800 ENABLE THRESHOLD (mV) 100 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Enable Threshold vs. Input Voltage (MIC94162/3/4/5) 1.5 T = 25°C 5 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 450 20 10 VIN = 5.5V 0 -40 25 15 VIN = 3.6V 10 IOUT = 3A RDSON (mΩ) 30 ON RESISTANCE (mΩ) 40 90 VIN = 1.7V INPUT VOLTAGE (V) RDSON vs. Input Voltage Voltage Drop vs. Output Current VEN = 1.5V 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6 5 5.5 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Typical Characteristics (Continued) Quiescent Current vs. Temperature (MIC94161) Quiescent Current vs. Temperature (MIC94162/3) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 40 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 60 80 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 50 40 30 20 10 VIN = 3.6V 0 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 25 20 15 10 5 120 0 -40 -20 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -40 -20 TEMPERATURE (°C) 20 40 60 80 100 120 Rise Time vs. Input Voltage (MIC94162/3) 45 4.7 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) TON Delay vs. Input Voltage (MIC94162/3) OVP Threshold vs. Temperature (MIC94161) 250 40 4.69 200 35 4.68 TON DELAY (µs) OVP THRESHOLD (V) 30 VIN = 3.6V 0 -40 35 VIN = 3.6V 4.67 4.66 4.65 RISE TIME (µs) QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 90 Quiescent Current vs. Temperature (MIC94164/5) 30 25 20 IOUT = 100mA 15 COUT = 10µF 10 4.64 0 20 40 60 80 100 IOUT = 100mA COUT = 10µF 50 0 -20 100 5 IOUT = 100mA 4.63 -40 150 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5 5.5 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TON Delay vs. Input Voltage (MIC94161/4/5) 2000 1800 TON DELAY (µs) 1600 1400 1200 1000 IOUT = 100mA 800 COUT = 10µF 600 400 200 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) March 14, 2014 7 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Functional Characteristics March 14, 2014 8 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Application Information The MIC94161/2/3/4/5 is a family of high-side load switches designed to operate from 1.7V to 5.5V input voltage. The load switch pass element is an internal 14.5mΩ RDSON N-Channel MOSFET which enables the device to support up to 3A of continuous current. Additionally, the load switch supports 1.5V logic level control and shutdown features in a tiny 1.5mm × 1mm 6-ball WLCSP package. MAXIMUM SWITCH CURRENT (A) 3.5 The MIC9416x provides reverse current protection when the device is disabled. The device will not allow the flow of current from the output to the input when the device is turned OFF. Additionally, the MIC94161 features overvoltage protection to protect the load when the input voltage is above 4.55V, as well as a precise enable threshold which keeps the MIC94161 in the default OFF state until the EN pin rises above 1.15V. Maximum Current vs. Ambient Temperature (1" Square Copper) 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 VIN = 5v VIN = 4v5 VIN = 3v6 VIN=2v5 0.5 0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 3. Safe Operating Area (SOA) Graph Power Dissipation Considerations As with all power switches, the current rating of the switch is limited mostly by the thermal properties of the package and the PCB it is mounted on. There is a simple ohms law type relationship between thermal resistance, power dissipation and temperature, which are analogous to an electrical circuit: The MIC94162/3 features rapid turn on for applications that require quick startup time. The MIC94161/4/5 provides a slew rate controlled soft-start turn-on of 2.7ms. The soft-start feature is provided to prevent an in-rush current event from pulling down the input supply voltage. The MIC94162/4 feature an active load discharge circuit which switches in a 200Ω load when the switch is disabled to automatically discharge a capacitive load. An active pull-down on the enable input keeps the MIC94161/2/3/4/5 in a default OFF state until the enable pin is pulled above 1.2V. Internal level shift circuitry allows low voltage logic signals to switch higher supply voltages. The enable voltage can be as high as 5.5V and is not limited by the input voltage. Power Switch SOA The safe operating area (SOA) curve represents the boundary of maximum safe operating current and maximum safe operating junction temperature. Figure 4. Simple Electrical Circuit From this simple circuit we can calculate VX if we know ISOURCE, VZ and the resistor values, RXY and RYZ using Equation 1: Figure 3 illustrates the SOA for various input voltages, with the package mounted on a typical 1 layer, 1 square inch copper board. VX = ISOURCE (RXY + RYZ) + VZ Eq. 1 Thermal circuits can be considered using these same rules and can be drawn similarly by replacing current sources with power dissipation (in watts), resistance with thermal resistance (in °C/W) and voltage sources with temperature (in °C). March 14, 2014 9 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 junction temperature of 125°C, in this case can be 30% higher (see the “On Resistance vs. Temperature” graph in the Typical Characteristics section): RSW(MAX) = 27mΩ Eq. 3 Therefore: Figure 5. Simple Thermal Circuit Now replacing the variables in the equation for VX, one can find the junction temperature (TJ) from power dissipation, ambient temperature and the known thermal resistance of the PCB (RθCA) and the package (RθJC). TRISE = (3A × 27mΩ) × 108°C/W = 26.2°C 2 TJ = TRISE + TA = 26.2°C + 80°C = 106.2°C 2 PDISS is calculated as ISW × RSW(MAX). RθJC is found in the operating ratings section of the datasheet and RθCA (the PCB thermal resistance) values for various PCB copper areas is discussed in the document Designing with Low Dropout Voltage Regulators available from the Micrel website. This is below the maximum 125°C. Example: A switch is intended to drive a 3A load and is placed on a printed circuit board which has a ground plane area of at 2 least 25mm × 25mm (625mm ). The voltage source is a Li-ion battery with a lower operating threshold of 3V and the ambient temperature of the assembly can be up to 80°C. Summary of variables: • ISW = 3A • VIN = 3V to 4.2V • TA = 80°C • RθJA = 108°C/W • PDISS = ISW x RSW 2 The worst case switch resistance (RSW) at the lowest VIN of 3V is not available in the datasheet, so the next lower value of VIN is used, as shown in Equation 2 RSW @ 2.7V = 21mΩ Eq. 2 If this were a figure for worst case RSW for 25°C, an additional consideration is to allow for the maximum March 14, 2014 10 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 Package Information(5) and Recommended Landing Pattern 1.5mm × 1mm 6-Ball WLCSP Note: 5. Package information is correct as of the publication date. For updates and most current information, go to www.micrel.com. March 14, 2014 11 Revision 1.1 Micrel, Inc. MIC94161/2/3/4/5 MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com Micrel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information furnished in this data sheet. This information is not intended as a warranty and Micrel does not assume responsibility for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry, specifications and descriptions at any time without notice. No license, whether express, implied, arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Micrel’s terms and conditions of sale for such products, Micrel assumes no liability whatsoever, and Micrel disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or use of Micrel products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2013 Micrel, Incorporated. March 14, 2014 12 Revision 1.1