www.fairchildsemi.com FAN7544 Simple Ballast Controller Features Descriptions • • • • • • • The FAN7544 provides simple and high performance electronic ballast control functions. The FAN7544 is optimized for electronic ballast requiring a minimum board area, by reducing component counts and lowering power dissipation. The features include programmable preheating time and frequency and programmable run frequency. The initial preheating time and frequency can be adjusted according to the types of lamps using the CPH, CT and RPH. Output gate driver circuit clamps power MOSFET gate voltage to the supply voltage. Low Start-up and Operating Current : 140µA, 6.5mA Under Voltage Lock Out With 1.9V of Hysteresis 600mA of Totem Pole Output with High State Clamp Trimmed 1.5% Internal Bandgap Reference Programmable Preheat Time & Frequency Programmable Run Frequency High Accuracy Oscillator 8-DIP 8-SOP 1 1 Internal Block Diagram 5V 9V Vsup Bias Current CPH 4 1.6µA 10µA 1 2.1 2.9V Vz 5V CT 2 Ict Oscillator Current Source Irt=Vref/Rt RPH 1 Current Source Iph=Vref/Rph − Shutdown signal VCPH 7 OUT1 6 OUT2 5 GND Vcc Frequency Divider Vcc Latch 3 2V S Q R Q Irt S 1.5V + Vcc R Q 5.2V 6.25Ict RT 8 11.6V Iph - Irt 2.9V UVLO 1.9V + − 5V TSD Rev. 1.0.0 ©2004 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN7544 Pin Assignments CT 2 Y W W RT 3 CPH 4 FAN7544 RPH 1 8 VCC 7 OUT1 6 OUT2 5 GND YWW : Work Week Code Pin Definitions 2 Pin Number Pin Name 1 RPH 2 CT Pin Function Description Preheat frequency set resistor Oscillator frequency set capacitor 3 RT 4 CPH Preheat time set capacitor Oscillator frequency set resistor 5 GND Ground 6 OUT2 Gate drive output 2 7 OUT1 Gate drive output 1 8 VCC Supply voltage FAN7544 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Value Unit VCC 30 V IOH, IOL ±600 mA Iclamp ±10 mA CPH, CT, RT, and RPH Pins Input Voltage VIN -0.3 to 6 V Operating Temperature Range Topr -25 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Range Tstg -65 to 150 °C Supply Voltage Peak Drive Output Current Output Drive Clamping Diode Current Power Dissipation Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Air) 8-DIP 8-SOP 8-DIP 8-SOP Pd Rθja 0.8 0.5 100 165 W °C/W Temperature Characteristics (-25°C ≤ Ta ≤ 125°C) Parameter Symbol Value Unit Temperature Stability for Operating Frequency (fos) ∆fos(Typ) 3 % 3 FAN7544 Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, for typical values Vcc=15V, Ta=25°C, For Min/Max values Ta is the operating ambient temperature range with -25°C ≤ Ta ≤ 125°C and 12.7V ≤ VCC ≤ 30V Parameter Symbol Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit UNDER VOLTAGE LOCK OUT SECTION Start Threshold Voltage VTH(st) VCC Increasing 10.5 11.6 12.7 V UVLO Hysteresis HY(st) - 1.4 1.9 2.4 V - 0.14 0.2 mA SUPPLY CURRENT SECTION Start Up Supply Current IST VCC < VTH(st) ICC Output not switching - 6.5 10 mA IDCC 50kHz, CL =1nF - 8 12 mA CPH Pin Charging Current 1 ICPHL VCPH=2V 1.3 1.6 1.9 µA CPH Pin Charging Current 2 ICPHH VCPH=4V 7 10 13 µA - 4.8 5.6 6.4 V 70 81.5 93 kHz Operating Supply Current Dynamic Operating Supply Current OSCILLATOR SECTION CPH Pin Clamp Voltage VCLAMP Preheating Frequency fPH VCPH=0V, RPH=47kΩ, CT=470pF Preheating Dead Time tpd VCPH=0V, RPH=47kΩ, CT=470pF 0.8 1.3 1.8 µs Operating Frequency fOS VCPH=Open, RT=80kΩ, CT=470pF 45.5 50 54.5 kHz Operating Dead Time tOD VCPH=Open, RT=80kΩ, CT=470pF 1.6 2.0 2.4 µs CT Threshold Voltage(note1) ∆VCT Ta=25°C 3.2 3.7 4.2 V CT Charging Current ICHG - 170 220 270 µA CT Discharging Current IDIS - Temperature Stability (Note1) ∆f/∆T -25°C ≤ Ta ≤ 125°C, VCC = 25V Voltage Stability ∆f/∆V 12.7V ≤ VCC ≤ 30V, Ta=25°C 0.9 1.15 1.4 mA - 1 3 % - - 3 % OUTPUT SECTION Gate Driver Source Current(note1) Gate Driver Sink Current(note1) IOSOURCE VOUT=0V IOSINK - 500 - mA VOUT=14.6V - 500 - mA Rising Time (Note1) tr CL=1nF, Vcc=15V, Ta=25°C - 130 170 ns (Note1) tf CL=1nF, Vcc=15V, Ta=25°C - 50 100 ns 13 15 17 V Falling Time Maximum Output Voltage Vomax VCC = 25V Output Voltage With UVLO Activated Vomin VCC = 5V, IO = 100µA - - 1 V ISD RPH=47kΩ - 0.6 - mA ILATCH VCC = 15V - 0.36 0.57 mA - 150 - °C PROTECTION SECTION Shutdown Sink Current(note1) Latch Mode Quiescent Current Thermal Shutdown Junction Temperature (Note1) TSD - Note: 1. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 4 FAN7544 Typical Characteristics 0.008 10 0.007 0.006 idcc @VCC=30V idcc @VCC=15V idcc @VCC=12.5V 9 0.005 Current [mA] 8 Idcc[A] 0.004 0.003 0.002 7 6 0.001 5 0.000 -0.001 0 5 10 15 20 25 4 30 -60 -40 -20 0 Vcc[V] 20 40 60 Figure 1. UVLO 100 120 140 Figure 2. Dynamic Operating Current 9 14.0 UV+ UV- 13.5 13.0 icc @VCC=30V icc @VCC=15V iccl @VCC=12.5V 8 12.5 12.0 11.5 Current [mA] Voltage [V] 80 Temperature [°C] 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.5 7 6 5 9.0 8.5 4 8.0 7.5 3 7.0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Figure 4. Operating Current Figure 3. UVLO Hysteresis 53 -60 Temperature [°C] Temperature [°C] Rt=80kΩ, Ct=470p 52 fosc [kHz] 51 50 49 48 47 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature [°C] Figure 5. Switching Frequency 5 FAN7544 Typical Characteristics(Con’t) 80 CT=470pF Vcc=15V Ta=25°C 120 110 CT=470pF Vcc=15V Ta=25°C 75 Fosc [kHz] Fosc[kHz] 70 100 90 65 60 55 80 50 70 45 30 35 40 45 50 55 50 60 70 Rph [kΩ] 80 90 Rt [kΩ] Figure 6. Preheating Frequency, CT=470pF Figure 7. Switching Frequency, CT=470pF 100 130 CT=1nF Vcc=15V Ta=25°C 120 80 Fosc[kHz] Fosc[kHz] 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 70 40 60 10 15 20 25 Rph [kΩ] Figure 8. Preheating Frequency, CT=1nF 6 CT=1nF Vcc=15V Ta=25°C 90 30 20 25 30 35 40 45 Rt [kΩ] Figure 9. Switching Frequency, CT=1nF 50 FAN7544 Application Information Start-up Circuit The start-up current is supplied to the IC through the start up resistor (Rst). In order to reduce the power dissipation in Rst, the Rst is connected to the full wave rectified output voltage. The following equations can be used to calculate the size of Rst Vin ( ac ) × 2 – Vth ( st ) ,max Rst < --------------------------------------------------------------------------Ist ,max 85 × 2 – 12.5- = 539k Ω = ------------------------------------–3 0.2 × 10 2 ( Vin ( ac_max ) ⋅ 2 – Vcc ) P RSt = ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ≤ 0.5W R St R St ≥ 2 × ( Vin ( ac_max ) ⋅ 2 – Vcc ) ∴260K ≤ R St ≤ 539K 2 R St ≥ 260K The size of supply capacitor (Cs) is normally decided in terms of the start up time and operating current built up by auxiliary operating current source. The turn off snubber capacitor (CQ) and two diodes (D1, D2) constitute the auxiliary operating current source for the IC. The charging current through the CQ flows into the IC and also charges the supply capacitor. If the size of CQ is increased, the VCC voltage on the Cs is also increased. DC 400V Rectifier Output M1 Rst D2 CQ Vcc Cs ZD1 Under Voltage Lock Out(UVLO) UVLO mode of the FAN7544 is designed to maintain an ultra low supply current of less than 140uA, and to guarantee that the IC is fully functional before two output drivers are activated. G1 D1 G2 M2 Figure 10. Start-up Circuit Oscillator The gate drive output frequency is as half as that of the triangular waveform on timing capacitor (CT) at pin #2. In normal operating mode, the timing capacitor charging current is 4×Irt(=Vref/RT). The discharging current is 5.25 times of the charging current (5.25×4×Ιrt). The charging period of the timing capacitor is the on time of the MOSFET. During the discharging period, both of the MOSFETs are off. Charging Period(∆TCH) Discharging Period(∆TDIS) ICH IDIS=6.25*ICH Vref ICH VCT 3.7V CT IDIS OUT1 OUT2 Dead Time Figure 11. CT & Output Waveforms 7 FAN7544 Operating Mode Vcc 0V < VCPH < 2.9V Vth(st) iCT = I RT + t VCPH ICPHH=10µA ICPHL=1.6µA 2.9V ≤ VCPH < 5V 5V iCT = I RT + 2.9V t VCPH ≥ 5V f fpre fpre ;Preheating Frequency I PH − I RT ( 5V − 2.9V ) ( 5V − 2.9V ) = I PH ; Frequency Sweep I PH − I RT ( 5V − VCPH ) ( 5V − 2.9V ) ; Run Frequency iCT = I RT fign frun frun t preheating tph ignition tsw run Figure 12. Timing Diagram The FAN7544 has three operating mode as was shown in the figure 12. 1) Preheating Mode The preheating mode is defined as the IC’s internal status is in when the lamp filaments are being heated to correct emission temperature. This is necessary for maximizing lamp life and reducing the required ignition voltage. As soon as the Vcc exceeds the UVLO high threshold , the preheating time set-up capacitor, CPH starts to be charged by the internal 1.6µA current source until the VCPH reaches 2.9V. From 0V to 2.9V of the VCPH after the VCPH start to be charged, the switching frequency throughout the preheating mode is determined by CT and RPH and the preheating time is decided by the CPH and the 1.6µA current source. (∆TPRE=CPH×2.9V/1.6µA) 2) Ignition mode The ignition mode is defined as the IC’s internal status is in when a high voltage is established across the lamp necessary for igniting the lamp. When the VCPH exceeds 2.9V, the FAN7544 enters the ignition mode, and moves to the run mode when the VCPH exceeds 5V. In this period, the internal 10µA current source charges the external preheating timing capacitor(CPH) in order to increase noise immunity with sharp slop of the VCPH. The ignition time is decided CPH and internal 10µA current source(∆TIGN=CPH×∆VCPH2/ICPHH). In this mode, the switching frequency is determined by CT, RPH and RT because the ICT is decided by the following equation. ICT = I RT + I RPH − I RT ( 5V − VCPH ) 2.1 3) Run Mode After the lamp has successfully ignited, the FAN7544 enters run mode. The run mode is defined as the IC’s internal status is in when the lamp is being driven with a normal power level after the lamp is discharged. The run mode switching frequency is determined by the timing resistor RT and timing capacitor CT. As soon as the VCPH exceeds 5V, the protection masking mode is disable and the IC can enter the protection mode. Protection Mode If the voltage at the RPH pin decreases below 2V during the run mode, the FAN7544 enters the protection mode and all gate drive outputs(OUT1 & OUT2) are latched off in the low state and the VCPH is decreased to 0V. To exit the protection mode, the Vcc must go down below the UVLO low threshold. 8 FAN7544 Application Circuit <32W×2 Lamps Ballast> D4 L1 1 DC_400V 5 D1 4 D12 D13 D10 D11 3 1 C1 R1 R13 R8 R4 1 R2 D3 R5 M1 NTC R12 1 8 7 OUT CX2 6 5 C2 Idet C4 C3 R6 GND CY2 Vcc CY1 R9 D2 R11 CX1 R3 1 2 3 R7 4 1 1 TNR R10 CS INV C5 MULT EA_OUT FAN7527B LF1 VR1 C6 1 1 F1 R14 1 1 2 2 AC INPUT DC_400V C100//C101 M50 R53 C53 1 5 R104, R105 L100 R106 ZD51 6 R50 T1 R54 8 1 C102 2 M51 C54 1 R51 C52 R55 DC_400V R200, R201 D200 2 GND OUT2 5 2 CT CPH RT 3 RT ZD52 4 C203 2 CPH 2 C57 R58 R59 C56 R60 R202 R100, R101 D100 C55 RPH 2 Q50 R57 1 CT C51 C50 ZD50 RPH FAN7544 ZD53 2 R203 OUT1 Vcc 6 C58 D201 C202 7 C200//C201 2 D50 R206 5 D51 R56 2 R204, R205 2 L200 R52 8 D101 3 2 Ignition Fail Detection Circuit R102 C103 Open Lamp Detection Circuit Q51 R103 2 9 FAN7544 Components List (for Wide-Range 32W× 2Lamps Application) Part number INPUT PART Value Note Manufacturer 250V, 3A Fuse - CX1 47nF, 275Vac Box-Cap - CX2 150nF, 275Vac Box-Cap - CY1, CY2 2200pF, 3000V Y-Cap - TNR NTC 470V 10Ω 471 10D09 - D10, D11, D12, D13 400V, 1A 1N4004 Fairchild R1, R2, R8 910kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 - R3 R4 22kΩ 25.5kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 Ceriamic, 1206 - R5 10Ω Ceriamic, 1206 - R6 R7 22kΩ 0.47Ω Ceriamic, 1206 1W - R9 R10 100kΩ 2.2kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 Ceriamic, 1206 - R11 R12 220kΩ 150kΩ 1W 1W - R13 R14 4.7Ω 0Ω Ceriamic, 1206 Ceriamic, 1206 VR1 C1 10kΩ 0.22µF, 630V Variable Resistor Miller-Cap - C2 C3 47µF, 450V 10µF, 50V Electrolytic Electrolytic - C4 C5 105 102 Ceramic, 0805 Ceramic, 0805 - C6 L1 105 0.9mH(80T:6T) Ceramic, 0805 EI2820 - D1, D4 D2 600V, 1A, Ultrafast Schottky Diode UF4005 MBR0540 Fairchild Fairchild D3 M1 Small Signal Diode 500V, 5A, Power Mosfet FDLL4148 FQP5N50C, FQPF5N50C Fairchild Fairchild R50 R51, R53 390kΩ 39Ω 1W Ceriamic, 1206 - R52, R57, R60 R54, R55 0Ω 47kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 Ceriamic, 1206 - R56 R58, R59 5.6Ω 62kΩ 1W Ceriamic, 0805 - RPH RT 51kΩ 82kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 Ceriamic, 1206 - R100, R104, R200, R204 R101, R105, R201, R205 820kΩ 300kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 Ceriamic, 1206 - F1 PFC PART Ballast PART 10 FAN7544 Part number Value Note Manufacturer R102, R202 5.1kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 - R103, R203 50kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 - R106, R206 30kΩ Ceriamic, 1206 C50 4.7µF, 50V Electrolytic - C51 C52, C53 105 104 Ceriamic, 0805 Ceramic, 1206 - C54 1nF, 630V Miller-Cap - C55, C56, C57, C58 104 Ceramic, 0805 - CT 471 Ceramic, 0805 - CPH 474 Ceramic, 0805 - C100, C101, C200, C201 C102, C202 6.8nF, 630V 4.7nF, 1000V Miller-Cap Miller-Cap - L100, L200 3.2mH(120T) 4mH(50T:50T) EE2820 - T1 Q50 M50, M51 4mH(50T:100T) EE1614 C53: 0Ω, ZD51 : Open NPN transistor 500V, 5A, Power Mosfet KST2222A FQP5N500C, FQPF5N50C Fairchild Fairchild D50, D51, D100, D101, D200, D201 ZD50, ZD51 Small Signal Diode FDLL4148 Fairchild 15V, 1W Zener Diode 1N4744A Fairchild ZD52, ZD53 15V, Zener Diode MMSZ5245B Fairchild 11 FAN7544 Mechanical Dimensions Package Dimensions in millimeters/inches 8-SOP-225 12 FAN7544 Mechanical Dimensions (Continued) Package Dimensions in millimeters/inches 8-DIP-300 13 FAN7544 Ordering Information Product Number Package FAN7544N 8DIP FAN7544M 8SOP FAN7544MX 8SOP Operating Temperature -25°C ~ +125°C Packing Tube Tape & Reel DISCLAIMER FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user. 2. A critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. www.fairchildsemi.com 9/21/04 0.0m 001 Stock#DSxxxxxxxx 2004 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation