Gamma GM665001.8TB3R 5a ultra low - dropout regulator Datasheet

Power Management
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GM66500 SERIES
A
MICROELECTRONICS
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
Features
Description
5.0A minimum guaranteed output current
The GM66500 series is 5.0A low-dropout linear voltage regulators that provide a low-voltage, high-current output with
a minimum of external components.
400mV dropout voltage
Designed for 3.0V to 2.5V conversion
The GM66500 series offers extremely low dropout
(typically 400mV at 5.0A) and low ground current (typically
70mA at 5.0A).
Designed for 2.5V to 1.8V conversion
1% initial accuracy
Low ground current
The GM66500 series is ideal for PC add-in cards that need
Current limiting and Thermal shutdown
to convert from standard 3.0V to 2.5V and 2.5V to 1.8V,
down to new, lower core voltages. A guaranteed maximum
Reversed-battery and reversed-lead insertion
dropout voltage of 500mV over all operating conditions
protection
allows the GM66500 series to provide 2.5V from a supply
Reversed-leakage protection
as low as 3V. The GM66500 series also has fast
transient response, for heavy switching applications. The
Fast transient response
device requires only 47µF of output capacitance to
TO-220 and TO-263 packages
maintain stability and achieve fast transient response.
TTL/CMOS compatible enable pin (GM66501 only)
The GM66500 series is fully protected with overcurrent
limiting, thermal shutdown, reversed-battery protection,
reversed-lead insertion protection, and reversed-leakage
protection.
Error flag output (GM66501 only)
Ceramic capacitor stable (See Application
Information)
Application
The GM66501 series offers a TTL-logic-compatible enable
pin and an error flag that indicates undervoltage and
overcurrent conditions. Offered in a fixed voltages, 1.8V
and 2.5V, the GM66500 series comes in the TO-220 and
TO-263 packages and is an ideal upgrade to older, NPNbased linear voltage regulators.
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS
100kW
VIN
3.3V
VOUT
2.5V
VOUT
VIN
GM66501 - 2.5
ENABLE
SHUTDOWN
VEN
ERROR FLAG
OUTPUT
FLG
GM66500 - 2.5
+
1.0µF
+
47µF
VOUT
VIN
VIN
3.3V
GND
VOUT
2.5V
GND
+
1.0µF
+
47µF
GM 431
www.gammamicro.com
GM66500 SERIES V0.2
Low Voltage Digital ICs
LDO linear regulator for PC add-in cards
High-efficiency linear power supplies
SMPS post regulator
Multimedia and PC processor supplies
Low-voltage microcontrollers
Strong ARMTM processor supply
1
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5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS (TOP VIEW)
2
GM66500
GM66500
VVAYWW
VVAYWW
VIN
VIN
GND
TO-263-5(D PAK)
GM66501
GM66501
VVAYWW
VVAYWW
VOUT
GND
2
TO-220- 5
TO-220
TO-263-2 (D PAK)
VOUT
EN
VIN
FLG
GND
EN
VIN
VOUT
FLG
GND
VOUT
Pinout On all devices, the Tab is grounded.
VV
A
Y
WW
= Output Voltage (18=1.8V , 25=2.5V)
= Assembly Location
= Year
= Weekly
GM66500/ Three Terminal
Pin 1 = Input, 2 = Ground, 3 = Output
GM66501/ Five Terminal (Fixed Voltage Devices)
Pin 1 = Enable, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground,
4 = Output, 5 = Flag
ORDERING INFORMATION
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
PACKAGE
SHIPPING
GM66500-1.8TA3T
1.8V
TO-263-2
50 Units/ Tube
GM66500-1.8TA3R
1.8V
TO-263-2
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
GM66500-1.8TB3T
1.8V
TO-220
GM66500-2.5TA3T
2.5V
TO-263-2
50 Units/ Tube
GM66500-2.5TA3R
2.5V
TO-263-2
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
GM66500-2.5TB3T
2.5V
TO-220
50 Units/ Tube
GM66500-3.3TA3T
3.3V
TO-263-2
50 Units/ Tube
GM66500-3.3TA3R
3.3V
TO-263-2
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
GM66500-3.3TB3T
3.3V
TO-220
GM66500-5.0TA3T
ORDERING NUMBER
GM66500 SERIES
GM66500
2
50 Units/ Tube
50 Units/ Tube
5.0V
TO-263-2
50 Units/ Tube
GM66500-5.0TA3R
5.0V
TO-263-2
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
GM66500-5.0TB3T
5.0V
TO-220
50 Units/ Tube
GM66501-1.8TA5T
1.8V
TO-263-5
50 Units/ Tube
GM66501-1.8TA5R
1.8V
TO-263-5
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
GM66501-1.8TB5T
1.8V
TO-220-5
50 Units/ Tube
GM66501-2.5TA5T
2.5V
TO-263-5
50 Units/ Tube
GM66501-2.5TA5R
2.5V
TO-263-5
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
GM66501-2.5TB5T
2.5V
TO-220-5
50 Units/ Tube
GM66501
* For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page.
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PIN DESCRIPTION
PIN number
GM66500
PIN Number
GM66501
PIN Name
1
VEN
Enable (Input): TTL/CMOS compatible input.
Logic high=enable; logic low or open=shutdown.
1
2
VIN
Unregulated Input: +16V maximum supply.
2, TAB
3, TAB
GND
Ground: Ground pin and TAB are internally
connected.
3
4
VOUT
Regulator Output.
5
FLG
Error Flag (Output): Open collector output.
Active low indicates an output fault condition.
PIN Function
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
Value
Unit
Power Dissipation
PD
Internally limited
W
Input Supply Voltage (Note 1)
VIN
-20 to +20
V
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 5 sec )
TLEAD
260
°C
Storage Temperature Range
TSTG
-65 to +150
°C
Symbol
Value
Unit
Parameter
EDS, Note 3
OPERATING RATINGS
Parameter
Supply Voltage
VIN
+ 2.25 to +16
V
Enable Voltage
VEN
+16
V
Operating junction Temperature Range
TJ
-40 to +125
°C
Thermal Resistance (TO-263-2 ,TO-220)
qJC
2.0
°C/W
BLOCK DIAGRAM
IN
OUT
O.V.
ILimit
18V
+
FLAG*
-
1.18V
Ref.
1.24V
+
-
EN*
Thermal
Shut-down
GND
* GM66501 ONLY
GM66500 SERIES
Maximum Power Dissipation, Note 4
3
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5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate -40°C
Parameter
Conditions
Min
IO = 10 mA
-1
Output Voltage
10mA
TJ +125°C; unless noted
IOUT
5A, VOUT
+ 1.0V
16V
Typ
Max
Unit
1
%
2
%
Line Regulation
IOUT = 10mA,VOUT + 1.0V VIN 16V
0.06
0.5
%
Load Regulation
VIN = VOUT + 1.0V, 10mA IOUT 5A
0.20
1.0
%
DVOUT / DT
20
100
ppm/°C
125
320
400
250
mV
Output Voltage change with
Temperature Coef. Note 5
Dropout Voltage Note 6
Ground Current Note 7
V IN
-2
DVOUT = -2% (Note 3)
IOUT = 250mA
IOUT = 2.5A
IOUT = 5A
IOUT = 2.5A, VIN = VOUT + 0.8V
IOUT = 5A, VIN = VOUT + 0.8V Charactize
575
15
70
mA
mA
Ground Pin Current at
Dropout IGNDDO
VIN
VOUT(nominal) -0.5V, IOUT=10mA
2.1
Current Limit
VOUT= 0V, VIN = VOUT + 1.0V (Note 4)
7.5
A
260
µV
(rms)
Output Noise Voltage
COUT = 47µF, lOUT = 100mA, 10Hz to 100kHz
Enable Input (GM66501)
Logic Low (off)
0.8
V
Enable Input Voltage
Logic high (on)
Enable Input Current
2.25
V
30
VEN = VIN
VEN = 0.8V
Shutdown Output Current
(Note 8)
35
75
µA
2
4
µA
µA
10
Flag Output (GM66501)
VOH = 16V
0.01
Output Low Voltage
VIN = 2.25V, IOL= 250µA (Note 9)
220
Low Threshold
1% of VOUT
High Threshold
1% of VOUT
Output Leakage Current
GM66500 SERIES
Hysteresis
4
Note
Note
Note
Note
1
2
300
400
µA
mV
%
93
99.2
%
%
1
1. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device.
2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.
3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handing precautions recommended.
4. P D(max) =(T J(max) -T A ) ÷ q JA , where q JA depends upon the printed circuit layout. See "Applications Information".
Note 5. Output voltage temperature coefficient is DV OUT(worst case) ÷ (TJ(max) - TJ(min) ) where T J(max) is +125°C and T J(min) is -40°C.
Note 6. V DO =V IN -V OUT when VOUT decreases to 98% of its nominal output voltage with V IN =V OUT +1V. For voltages below 2.25V,
dropout voltage is the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage being 2.25V. Minimum input
operating voltage is 2.25V.
Note 7. I GND is the quiescent current. IIN = IGND + IOUT
Note 8. V EN 0.8V, V IN 8V, and VOUT = 0V
Note 9. For a 2.5V device, VIN = 2.25V(device is in dropout).
Note 10.Design with proper heat sink to dissapate heat to keep chip from thermal protection when V IN -V OUT
0.6V
Power Management
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GM66500 SERIES
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MICROELECTRONICS
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VOUT = 1.8V
VOUT = 1.8V
250
VOUT = 2.5V
150
400
VOUT = 2.5V
300
200
100
100
50
2.4
ILOAD = 2.5A
2.2
ILOAD = 5A
2
1.8
1.6
9
VOUT = 1.8V
3
0
-40 -20
0
20 40
60
0
-40 -20
80 100 120 140
ILOAD = 5A
VIN = VOUT = 1V
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature (°C)
Figure 7. Ground Current
vs. Temperature
Typical 1.8V Device
6
5
4
3.6
3.4
3.2
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.4
2
4
3
2
3
2
1
1
VIN = VOUT + 1V
0
-40 -20
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature (°C)
Figure 8. Short Circuit Current
vs. Temperature
Flag Low (Fault)
0
Resistance (k )
Figure 9. Error Flag Pull-up
Resistor
100000
20
7
Flag High (OK)
5
10000
30
Typical 2.5V Device
8
Flag Voltage(V)
Short Circuit Current (A)
40
0
-40 -20
2.2
6
9
VOUT = 1.8V
60 80 100 120 140
Figure 6. Ground Current
vs. Temperature
10
60
20 40
Temperature (°C)
Figure 5. Ground Current
vs. Temperature
80
VOUT = 2.5V
0
Temperature (°C)
Figure 4. Ground Current
vs. Supply Voltage
10
ILOAD = 2.5A
VIN = VOUT + 1V
10
10
Supply Voltage (V)
50
1.8
5
1
8
1.6
10
0.1
6
VOUT = 1.8V
15
0.01
4
4
20
0.001
2
5
VOUT = 2.5V
1
0
0
6
2
ILOAD = 2.0A
20
VOUT = 2.5V
7
1000
ILOAD = 2.5A
40
25
8
100
ILOAD = 5A
60
30
ILOAD = 10mA
VIN = VOUT + 1V
Ground Current (mA)
Ground Current (mA)
80
Input Voltage(V)
Figure 3. Dropout Characteristics
GM66500 SERIES
10
160
100
1.4
60 80 100 120 140
Figure 2. Dropout Voltage vs.
Temperature
180
120
40
Temperature (°C)
Output Current (mA)
140
0 20
1.4
5000
4000
4500
3000
3500
2000
2500
1000
1500
0
0
-40 -20
Figure 1. Dropout Voltage vs. Output
Current
70
ILOAD = 100mA
ILOAD = 5A
500
0
Ground Current (mA)
Output Voltage (V)
300
200
2.6
500
350
Dropout Voltage (mV)
Dropout Voltage (mV)
400
Ground Current (mA)
2.8
600
450
5
Power Management
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GM66500 SERIES
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MICROELECTRONICS
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
APPLICATION INFORMATION
The GM66500 series is a high-performance lowdropout voltage regulator, suitable for moderate to
high-current voltage regulator applications. Its 400mV
dropout voltage at full load makes it especially valuable
in battery-powered systems and as a high-efficiency
noise filter in post-regulator applications.
Unlike older NPN-pass transistor designs, where the
minimum dropout voltage is limited by the base-toemitter voltage drop and collector-to-emitter saturation
voltage, dropout performance of the PNP output of
these devices is limited only by the low VCE saturation
Voltage.
The GM66500 series regulator is fully protected from
damage due to fault conditions. Current limiting is
provided. This limiting is linear, output current during
overload conditions is constant. Thermal shutdown
disables the device when the die temperature exceeds
the maximum safe operating temperature. Transient
protection allows device (and load) survival even when
the input voltage spikes above and below nominal. The
output structure of these regulators allows voltages in
excess of the desired output voltage to be applied
without reverse current flow.
Calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from
these numbers and the device parameters from this
datasheet, where the ground current is taken from
data sheet
PD = (VIN - VOUT)IOUT + VIN
IGND
The heat sink thermal resistance is determined by:
TJ(MAX) - TA
qSA =
- (qJC + qCS )
PD
where TJ(max)
125°C and qCS is between 0°C and
2°C/W.
The heat sink may be significantly reduced in
applications where the minimum input voltage is
known and is large compared with the dropout
voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop
excessive voltage, and distribute the heat between
this resistor and the regulator. The low dropout
properties of Super beta PNP regulators allow
significant reductions in regulator power dissipation
and the associated heat sink without compromising
performance. When this technique is employed, a
capacitor of at least 1.0µF is needed directly
between the input and regulator ground.
Output Capacitor
GM66500 - X.X
VIN
VOUT
VOUT
VIN
GND
+
CIN
+
COUT
Figure 10. Capacitor Requirements
GM66500 SERIES
Thermal Design
6
Linear regulators are simple to use. The most
complicated design parameters to consider are thermal
characteristics.
Thermal design requires four application-specific
parameters:
Maximum ambient temperature (TA)
Output Current (IOUT)
Output Voltage (VOUT)
Input Voltage (VIN)
Ground Current (IGND)
The GM66500 series requires an output capacitor to
maintain stability and improve transient response.
Proper capacitor selection is important to ensure
proper operation. The GM66500 series output
capacitor selection is dependent upon the ESR
(equivalent series resistance) of the output capacitor
to maintain stability. When the output capacitor is
47µF or greater, the output capacitor should have
less than 1W of ESR. This will improve transient
response as well as promote stability. Ultra-low-ESR
capacitors, such as ceramic chip capacitors may
promote instability. These very low ESR levels may
cause an oscillation and/or underdamped transient
response. When larger capacitors are used, the
ESR requirement approaches zero. A 100µF
ceramic capacitor can be used on the output while
maintaining stability. A low-ESR 47µF solid tantalum
capacitor works extremely well and provides good
transient response and stability over temperature.
Aluminum electrolytics can also be used, as long as
the ESR of the capacitor is 1W .
The value of the output capacitor can be increased
without limit. Higher capacitance values help to
improve transient response, ripple rejection, and
reduce output noise.
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5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
Input Capacitor
Error Flag
An input capacitor of 1µF or greater is recommended
when the device is more than 4 inches away from the
bulk as supply capacitance, or when the supply is a
battery. Small surface mount ceramic chip capacitors
can be used for the bypassing. Larger values will help
to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the
regulator, further improving the integrity of the output
voltage.
The GM66500 series version features an error flag
circuit which monitors the output voltage and signals
an error condition when the voltage 5% below the
nominal output voltage.
Transient Response and 3.3V to 2.5V and 2.5V to
1.8V Conversions
The GM66500 series has excellent transient response
to variations in input voltage and load current. The
device has been designed to respond quickly to load
current variations and input voltage variations. Large
output capacitors are not required to obtain this
performance. A standard 47µF output capacitor,
preferably tantalum, is all that is required. Larger
values improve performance even further.
By virtue of its low-dropout voltage, this device does
not saturate into dropout as readily as similar NPNbased designs. When converting from 3.3V to 2.5V or
2.5V to 1.8V, the NPN-based regulators are already
operating in dropout, with typical dropout requirements
of 1.2V or greater. To convert down to 2.5V without
operating in dropout, NPN-based regulators require an
input voltage of 3.7V at the very least.
The error flag is an open-collector output that can
sink 10mA during a fault condition. Low output
voltage can be caused by a number of problems,
including an overcurrent fault (device in current limit)
or low input voltage. The flag is inoperative during
overtemperature shutdown. When the error flag is
not used, it is best to leave it open. The flag pin can
be tied directly to pin 4, the output pin.
Enable Input
The GM66500 series version features an enable
input for on/off control of the device. Its shutdown
state draws "zero" current. The enable input is
TTL/CMOS compatible for simple logic interface, but
can be connected to up to 20V. When enabled, it
draws approximately 15µA.
The GM66500 series regulator will provides excellent
performance with an input as low as 3.0V or 2.5V
respectively. This gives the PNP-based regulators a
distinct advantage over older, NPN-based linear
regulators. A typical NPN regulator does not have the
headroom to do this conversion.
Minimum Load Current
GM66500 SERIES
The GM66500 series regulator is specified between
finite loads. If the output current is too small, leakage
currents dominate and the output voltage rises. A
10mA minimum load current is necessary for proper
regulation.
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GM66500 SERIES
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5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
TO-220 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
4.50 ± 0.20
9.90 ± 0.20
3.60 ± 0.20
8.0
8.70
2.80 ± 0.10
7.0
+0.1
1.30 -0.05
3.70 ± 0.20
4.60
45°
18.95 MAX
8.40
1.46
1.00
3°
0.9
7.0
3°
1.27 ± 0.10
2.54 TYP
(2.54 ± 0.20)
3°
3°
3.00
10.08 ± 0.30
13.08 ± 0.20
15.90 ± 0.20
1.50 DP0.20
9.20 ± 0.20
1.30 ± 0.10
1.70
3-R0.2
+0.1
0.80 ± 0.10
1.52 ± 0.10
0.50 -0.05
2.40 ± 0.20
3°
2 - R 0.3
Unit: mm
10.00 ± 0.20
TO-220-5 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.97 ± 0.20
4.50 ± 0.20
9.90 ± 0.20
3.60 ± 0.20
8.0 ± 0.20
8.70
2.80 ± 0.10
7.0
+0.1
1.30 -0.05
8
9.20 ± 0.20
4.60
8.40
15.90 ± 0.20
3.70 ± 0.20
1.2
3°
7.0 ± 0.20
28.78 MAX
1.50 DP0.20
9.20 ± 0.20
3°
3°
3-R0.2
13.08 ± 0.20
GM66500 SERIES
1.30 ± 0.10
1.70
5-0.8 ± 0.10
+0.1
0.50 -0.05
2.40 ± 0.20
1.7(TYP)
3°
3°
2 - R 0.3
Unit: mm
10.00 ± 0.20
Power Management
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GM66500 SERIES
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5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
TO-263-2 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.90 ± 0.20
4.50 ± 0.20
+0.1
1.30 -0.05
15°
0.40
1.20
Pad Layout
3°
1.50 DP0.20
0.63
17.02
0.33
8.38
9.20 ± 0.20
15.3 ± 0.20
1.4 ± 0.20
0.10 ± 0.01
3°
3°
R0.30
2.40 ± 0.20
2.00 ± 0.10
4.90 ± 0.20
1.27 ± 0.10
2.54 TYP
(2.54 ± 0.20)
0.42
10.66
0.24
6.096
2.54 ± 0.10
0.75
R0.30
0.90 ± 0.10
0.12
3.05
+0.1
0.50 -0.05
0.04
1.016
10.0 ± 0.20
7.0
4.0
0.40
3°
(
Inches
)
mm
0.90
3°
R 0.3
R 0.45
7.2
9.20 ± 0.20
10.00 ± 0.20
4.90 ± 0.20
Unit: mm
TO-263-5 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.90
4.50
1.30
15'
0.40
1.20
3°
4.60
9.20
Pad Layout
0.10
15.3
3°
2.00
4.90
17.5
9
2.40
R0.30
0.75
R0.30
1.7
2.54
0.50
1.70 TYP
(1.70 ± 0.20)
0.80
0.40
3.8
11.5
1.20
10.0
8.0
7.0
4.40
1.07
1.75
3°
3°
R 0.3
0.90
R 0.45
7.2
Units: mm
9.20
15.30
10.00
GM66500 SERIES
1.50 DP0.20
9
4.90
Unit: mm
Power Management
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GM66500 SERIES
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
ORDERING NUMBER
GM 66500/ 66501 1.8 TA3 T
Gamma Micro.
Shipping
R: Tape & Reel
T: Tube
Circuit Type
GM66500 SERIES
Output Voltage
1.8: 1.8V
2.5: 2.5V
3.3: 3.3V
5.0: 5.0V
10
Package
TA3: TO-263
TB3: TO-220
Power Management
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GM66500 SERIES
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
GM66500 SERIES
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