Freescale MC44BC373CDTBR2 Pll tuned uhf and vhf audio/video high integration modulator Datasheet

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Technical Data
MC44BC373C/D
Rev. 3.1 7/2002
MC44BC373C/374C
MC44BC373C/374C
PLL Tuned UHF and
VHF Audio/Video High
Integration Modulator
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
SO16NB Package TSSOP16 Package
Ordering Information
Device
Temp Range
Package
MC44BC373CD,R2
MC44BC374CD,R2
MC44BC373CDTB,R2
MC44BC374CDTB,R2
-20°C to +85°C
-20°C to +85°C
-20°C to +85°C
-20°C to +85°C
SO16NB
SO16NB
TSSOP16
TSSOP16
NOTE: For tape and reel, add R2 suffix.
Contents List
The modulators are for use in VCRs, set-top boxes, and similar devices.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Figure 1 shows the pin connections.
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Device Overview . . . . . . 3
Maximum Ratings . . . . . 4
Thermal Rating . . . . . . . 4
Electrostatic Discharge 4
Electrical
Characteristics
5
7 I2C Bit Mapping . . . . . . . 6
8 I2C Programming . . . . . 7
9 Modulator High
Frequency
Characteristics
9
10 Video Characteristics . 10
11 Audio Characteristics . 11
12 Characterization
Measurement
Conditions
12
13 Modulator Description 17
14 High Speed I2C
Compatible Bus
21
15 Pin Circuit
Schematics
24
16 Application and Case
Diagrams
25
SCL
1
16
GNDD
SDA
2
15
VCCD
LOP
XTAL
3
14
PLLFLT
4
13
TVOVCC
GND
5
12
TVOUT
PREEM
6
11
GND
AUDIO
7
10
VCCA
SPLFLT
8
9
VIDEO
Figure 1. MC44BC373C/4C Pin Connections
This document contains information on a product under developmentFreescale. Freescale. reserves the right to change or
discontinue this product without notice. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2002. All rights reserved.
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Features
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
1 Features
MC44BC373C: Multi-Standard PAL/SECAM/NTSC Modulator
MC44BC374C: PAL/NTSC only Modulator
The channel is set by an on-chip high-speed I2C compatible bus receiver. A Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)
tunes the modulator over the full UHF range.
The modulator incorporates a sound subcarrier oscillator and uses a second PLL to derive 4.5, 5.5, 6.0,
and 6.5MHz subcarrier frequencies. These frequencies are selectable using the bus.
The modulation standard can be chosen using a control bit that selects between System L or System B/G
(MC44BC373C only).
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The picture-to-sound ratio may be adjusted using the bus. In addition, an on-chip video test pattern
generator can be switched ON with a 1KHz audio test signal.
The MC44BC373C/4C also has the following features:
•
No external varicaps diodes/inductor or tuned components
•
Channel 21-69 UHF operation
•
VHF range possible by internal dividers (30MHz–450MHz)
•
Integrated on-chip programmable UHF oscillator
•
Extremely low external components count
•
High speed read and write I2C-bus compatible (800kHz)
•
Fixed video modulation depth (80% in PAL and 90% in SECAM)
•
Peak White Clip disabled via the bus
•
Programmable picture/sound carrier ratio (12dB and 16dB)
•
Integrated on-chip programmable sound subcarrier oscillator
(4.5MHz to 6.5MHz)—No external varicaps
•
On-chip video test pattern generator with sound test signal (1kHz)
•
Low-power programmable modulator standby mode
•
Transient output inhibit during PLL Lock-up at power-ON
•
Logical Output Port controlled by bus
•
Custom masked versions with unique start-up settings possible
(no I2C bus programming required)
•
Extremely robust ESD protection, minimum 4kV, typical 6kV
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Device Overview
2 Device Overview
Figure 2 shows a simplified block diagram of the MC44BC373C/4C device.
The MC44BC373C/4C device has three main sections:
1. A high speed I2C-compatible bus section
2. A PLL section to synthesize the UHF/VHF output channel frequency (from an integrated
UHF oscillator, divided for VHF output)
3. A modulator section, which accepts audio and video inputs, then uses them to modulate the
UHF/VHF carrier
An on-chip video test pattern generator with an audio test signal is included.
High frequency BiCMOS technology allows integration of the UHF tank circuit and certain filtering
functions.
LOP
3
VIDEO
9
Peak
White
Clip
I2C BUS
L /BG
TVOUT 12
I2C BUS
LPF
Sound
Modulator
1
SDA
2
High Speed
I2C Bus
Receiver
Prog
Divider
LPF
7
AUDIO
6
PREEM
ALC
11 GND
AM
UHF OSC
Prescaler/8
Audio
Amplifier
L/BG
AM Modulator
Prog
Divider
5
VCO and PLL SECTION
VHF Dividers
I2C BUS
SCL
Sound
PFD
Sound
Oscillator
and FM
Modulator
10 VCCA
FM
BUS SECTION
MODULATOR
SECTION
Clamp
L/BG
TVOVCC 13
LPF
75Ω
SPLLFLT
8
31.25
kHz
Video
Modulator
I2C BUS
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The MC44BC373C operates as a multi-standard modulator and can handle the following systems using the
same external circuit components: B/G, I, D/K, L, M/N.
PLL
Phase
Comp
I2C BUS
Ref Divider
/128
4MHz
XCO
31.25KHz
15
16
14
VCCD
GNDD
PLLFLT
Figure 2. MC44BC373C/4C Simplified Block Diagram
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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4
XTAL
GND
Maximum Ratings
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3 Maximum Ratings
Sym
Vcc
Parameter
Value Unit
Supply voltage
V
against damage due to high static voltage or electric
oC
fields. However, precautions must be taken to avoid
Tamin
Minimum operating ambient temperature
–20
Tamax
Maximum operating ambient temperature
85
o
Tstgmin Minimum storage temperature
–65
o
Tstgmax Maximum storage temperature
150
o
150
°C
Tj
Junction Temperature
This device contains protection circuitry to guard
6
C
C
C
applications of any voltage higher than maximum rated
voltages to this high impedance circuit. For proper
operation, input and output voltages should be
constrained to the ranges indicated in the
Recommended Operating Conditions.
Maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. For functional
operation, values should be restricted to the Recommended Operating Condition.
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Meets Moisture Sensitivity Level 1, no dry pack required
4 Thermal Rating
Sym
Rthja
Parameter
Value
Unit
140
°C/W
Min
Typ
Unit
Thermal resistance from Junction to Ambient
5 Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) tests are done on all pins.
Sym
Parameter
ESD
MM (Machine Model) - MIL STD 883C method 3015-7
200
500
V
ESD
HBM (Human Body Model) - MIL STD 883C method 3015-7
4000
6000
V
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Electrical Characteristics
6 Electrical Characteristics
•
A = 100% tested
•
B = 100% Correlation tested
•
C = Characterized on samples
•
D = Design parameter
See Characterization conditions section for each “C” type parameter
6.1 Specification Conditions
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Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF output into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Notes
Type
Operating supply voltage range
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
Total supply current
44
52
60
mA
All sections active
A
Total standby mode supply current
3
6
9
mA
OSC, SO, ATT=1
Bus Section active
A
Test pattern sync pulse width
3
4.7
6.5
µS
B
Sound comparator charge pump current
During locking
When locked
7
0.7
10
1
12
1.5
µA
µA
A
A
RF comparator charge pump current
60
100
150
µA
A
Crystal oscillator stability—negative resistance
1
—
—
KΩ
D
Logic Output Port
Saturation voltage at I=2mA
Leakage current
—
—
160
—
300
1
mV
µA
A
A
B
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I2C Bit Mapping
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7 I2C Bit Mapping
WRITE MODE
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ACK
CA—CHIP ADDRESS
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
ACK
C1—High Order Bits
1
0
SO
LOP
PS
X3
X2
SYSL
ACK
C0—Low Order Bits
PWC
OSC
ATT
SFD1
SFD0
TB1
X5
X4
ACK
FM—High Order Bits
0
TPEN
N11
N10
N9
N8
N7
N6
ACK
FL—Low Order Bits
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
N0
X1
X0
ACK
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ACK
CHIP ADDRESS
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
ACK
R—Status Byte
—
—
—
—
—
Y2
Y1
OOR
-
READ MODE
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Bit Name
Description
PWC
Peak White Clip enable/disable
OSC
UHF oscillator ON/OFF
ATT
SFD0, 1
Modulator output attenuated—sound and video modulators ON/OFF
Sound subcarrier frequency control bits
TB1
Test mode bit—bus format compatible with MC44353
SO
Sound Oscillator ON/OFF
LOP
Logic Output Port
PS
Picture-to-sound carrier ratio
SYSL
System L enable—selects AM sound and positive video modulation (MC44BC373C only)
TPEN
Test pattern enable—picture and sound
X5…X0
N0…N11
OOR
Y1, Y2
Test mode bits—All bits are 0 for normal operation (see Test Mode tables, page 6 & page 7)
UHF frequency programming bits, in steps of 250kHz
RF oscillator out-of-frequency range information
RF oscillator operating range information
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I2C Programming
8 I2C Programming
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Sound
UHF
SFD1
SFD0
Sound Subcarrier Freq (MHz)
OSC
0
0
4.5
0
Normal operation
0
1
5.5
1
1
0
6.0
UHF oscillator disabled (oscillator and PLL
sections bias turned OFF)
1
1
6.5
PS
Picture-to-Sound Ratio (dB)
0
12
1
16
SO
Sound Oscillator
0
Sound oscillator ON (Normal mode)
1
Sound oscillation disabled (oscillator and PLL
section bias turned OFF)
UHF Oscillator
ATT
Modulator Output Attenuation
0
Normal operation
1
Modulator output attenuation (sound and
video modulators sections bias turned OFF.
Standby Mode
OSC
SO
ATT
1
1
1
Combination of 3-bits
Modulator standby mode
MC44353/4/5 Compatibility
Video
SYSL
System L/BG Selection
(MC44BC373C only)
0
System B/G enabled, System L disabled (FM
sound and negative video modulation)
1
System L enabled, System B/G disabled (AM
sound and positive video modulation)
PWC
Peak White Clip
TB1
Description
0
Normal mode (Full programmability)
1
Limited programmability and compatibility with
MC44353
Logic Output Port
LOP
Description
0
Peak White Clip ON (System B/G)
0
Pin 3 is low voltage
1
Peak White Clip OFF (System L)
1
Pin 3 is high impedance
TPEN
0
Test Pattern Signal
Test pattern signal OFF (normal operation)
WRITE MODE: Test Mode 1 and VHF Range
X2
X1
X0
State
Description
0
0
0
1.a
Normal operation
0
0
1
1.b
RF frequency divided for low frequency testing or VHF range: RF/2
0
1
0
1.c
RF/4
0
1
1
1.d
RF/8
1
0
0
1.e
RF/16
1
0
1
1.f
DC drive applied to modulators: Non-inverted video at TVOUT
1
1
0
1.g
DC drive applied to modulators: Inverted video at TVOUT
1
1
1
1.h
Transient output inhibit disabled (ie speed up mode)
During this speed-up test mode, ATT=0 forces sound current source to 1µA, and
ATT=1 forces it to 10µA.
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I2C Programming
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WRITE MODE: Test Mode 2
X5
X4
X3
State
Description
0
0
0
2.a
Normal operation
0
0
1
2.b
Test pattern generator DC verification (Test pattern DC test mode available)
0
1
0
2.c
Program divider test (UHF program divider on PLLFILT pin and sound program
divider on SPLLFIL pin)
0
1
1
2.d
Reference divider test (UHF reference divider on PLLFILT pin)
1
0
0
2.e
UHF phase comparison, upper source on PLLFILT pin
Sound phase comparison 10µA upper source on SPLLFIL
(Only valid during transient output inhibit.)
1
0
1
2.f
UHF phase comparison, lower source on PLLFILT pin
Sound phase comparison 10µA lower source on SPLLFIL
(Only valid during transient output inhibit.)
1
1
0
2.g
Sound phase comparison 1µA upper source on SPLLFIL
(Not valid during transient output inhibit.)
1
1
1
2.h
Sound phase comparison 1µA lower source on SPLLFIL
(Not valid during transient output inhibit.)
NOTE:
Test modes 1 and 2 are intended for manufacturing test purposes only and
cannot be used for normal applications, except for VHF range (states 1.b
to 1.e)
READ MODE
OOR
Description
0
Normal operation, VCO in range
1
VCO out of range
Y1
Description
0
VCO out of range, frequency too low, only valid if OOR=1
1
VCO out of range, frequency too high, only valid if OOR=1
Y2
Description
0
High VCO is active
1
Low VCO is active
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
9 Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE
DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Test Conditions
Output signal from modulator section
See Figure 3. See Note 2
TVOUT output level
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
73
74.5
77
dBµV
B
460
—
880
MHz
A
VHF range
From UHF oscillator internally divided
45
—
460
MHz
B
TVOUT output attenuation
During transient output inhibit, or when
ATT bit is set to 1. See Figure 3.
See Note 2
50
60
—
dBc
B
Sound subcarrier harmonics (Fp+n∗Fs) Reference picture carrier. See Note 2
—
63
58
dBc
C
Second harmonic of chroma subcarrier
Using red EBU bar. See Note 2
—
—
65
dBc
C
Chroma/Sound intermodulation:
Fp+ (Fsnd – Fchr)
Using red EBU bar.See Note 2
—
—
65
dBc
C
Fo (picture carrier) harmonics
2nd harmonic: CH21
3rd harmonic: CH21
Other channels: See Figure 3.
See NOTE 1. See Note 2
—
—
35
26
30
22
dBc
C
Out band (picture carrier) spurious
1/2∗Fo–1/4∗Fo–3/2∗Fo–3/4∗Fo
From 40MHz to 1GHz. See Note 2
—
0
10
dBµV
C
In band spurious (Fo ± 5MHz)
No video sound modulation.See Note 2
—
—
60
dBc
C
Note:
1: Picture carrier harmonics are highly dependant on PCB layout and decoupling capacitors.
Note:
2: See “Characterization Measurement Conditions” on page 12.
3Fo Har m o n ics
40
45
35
40
Typical
35
30
Typical
25
dBc
dBc
2Fo Har m o n ics
30
25
20
20
Maximum specification
15
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e q u e n cy ( M h z )
Maximum specification
15
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr eque ncy ( M hz )
T V Ou t p u t A tt e n u atio n
T V Ou tp u t L e v e l
75
78
70
77
Maximum specification
65
dBc
76
dBuV
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UHF oscillator frequency
Min
75
74
Typical
60
55
Typical
73
50
72
Minimum specification
47 1 52 1 5 71 621 67 1 72 1 7 71 821 871
Fr e q u e n c y (M h z )
Maximum specification
45
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e q u e n cy ( M h z )
Figure 3. Typical Performance
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Video Characteristics
10 Video Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF output into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
–1.5
–0.8
—
dB
C
—
—
1.5
Vcvbs
D
—
0.2
1
µA
A
500
—
—
KΩ
A
110
114
118
%
A
Using CCIR Rec.567 weighting filter
See Figure 4. See Note 2
50
53
—
dB
C
Unweighted. See Note 2
45
—
—
Differential Phase
CCIR Test Line 330, worst case from the
first 4 steps out of 5. See Note 2
–5
—
5
deg
C
Differential Gain
CCIR Test Line 330, worst case from the
first 4 steps out of 5. See Note 2
–5
—
5
%
C
Luma/Sync ratio
Input ratio 7.0:3.0
6.8/
3.2
—
7.2/
2.8
—
B
PAL video modulation depth
See Figure 4. See Note 2
75
81
88
%
B
SECAM video modulation depth
MC44BC373C only - See Figure 4. See
Note 2
88
93
99
%
B
Video bandwidth
Reference 0dB at 100kHz,
measured at 5MHz. See Note 2
Video input level
75Ohm load
Video input current
Video input impedance
PWC bit set to 1, see PWC section.
See Note 2
Peak White Clip
Video S/N
C
V id e o Sig n al to No is e
( w i t h C C I R W e i ght i ng f i l t e r )
58
56
dB
54
52
Typical
50
Minimum specification
48
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
PA L V id e o M o d u latio n De p th
SEC A M V id e o M o d u latio n De p th
90
100
88
98
86
84
Maximum specification
94
82
80
78
76
Maximum specification
96
%
%
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No sound modulation,100% white video
92
90
Typical
Minimum specification
74
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
Typical
88
Minimum specification
86
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
Figure 4. Typical Performances
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Audio Characteristics
11 Audio Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE
DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Picture-to-Sound ratio
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
13
9
16
12
19
15
dB
B
PS bit set to 0
PS bit set to 1
Using specific pre-emphasis circuit,
audio input level=205mVrms–audio frequency=1kHz
AM modulation: SECAM Fs=6.5MHz
—
80
—
%
B
FM modulation: Fs=5.5, 6 or 6.5MHz
100% modulation=±50kHz FM deviation
—
80
—
%
B
FM modulation: NTSC Fs=4.5MHz
100% modulation=±25kHz FM deviation
—
80
—
%
B
45
53
61
KΩ
A
–2.5
—
+2
dB
C
Audio input resistance
Audio Frequency response
Reference 0dB at 1kHz,
using specified pre-emphasis circuit,
measure from 50Hz to 15kHz
Audio Distortion FM (THD only)
at 1kHz, 100% modulation (±50kHz)
No video
—
0.4
2
%
C
Audio Distortion AM (THD only)
at 1kHz, 100% modulation
No video
—
1.5
2.5
%
D
Audio S/N with Sync Buzz FM
Ref 1Khz, 50% modulation (+/-25Khz)
EBU color bars Video signal,
using CCIR 468.2 weighting filter
48
53
—
dB
C
Audio S/N with Sync Buzz AM
Reference 1kHz, 85% modulation
Video input EBU color bar 75%
Audio BW 40Hz—15kHz
Weighting filter CCIR 468-2
45
50
—
dB
D
Audio Signal to Nois e
58
56
54
dB
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Audio modulation depth
Typical
52
50
48
Minimum specification
46
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e que ncy (M hz )
Figure 5. Typical Performances
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Characterization Measurement Conditions
12 Characterization Measurement Conditions
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Device default configuration unless otherwise specified:
•
Peak White Clip enable
•
UHF oscillator ON
•
Sound and video modulators ON
•
Sound subcarrier frequency = 5.5Mhz
•
TB1 bit set to ‘0’ (bus format not compatible with MC44353)
•
Sound Oscillator ON
•
Logic Output Port LOW
•
Picture-to-sound carrier ratio = 12dB
•
System L disabled
•
Test pattern disabled
•
All test mode bits are ‘0’
•
Frequency from channel 21 to 69
RF Inputs / Output into 75ohm Load using a 75 to 50 ohm transformation. Video Input 1V pk-pk.
Audio pre-emphasis circuit engaged.
Device and Signals Set-up
Measurement Set-up
TVOUT output level
Video: 10 steps grey scale
No audio
Measured picture carrier in dBuV with the HP8596E Spectrum Analyzer
using a 75 to 50 ohm transformation, all cables losses and
transformation pads having been calibrated.
Measurement used as a reference for other tests: TVout_Ref
TVOUT output attenuation
“ATT” bit = 1
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Measure in dBc picture carrier at “ATT”=”1” with reference to picture
carrier at “ATT”=”0”.
Sound Subcarrier Harmonics
Video: 10 steps grey scale
No Audio signal
Measure in dBc second and third sound harmonics levels in reference to
picture carrier (TVout_Ref).
Picture carrier
Sound carrier
Sound
2nd harm
Sound
3rd harm
Fo
+5.5Mhz
+11Mhz +16.5Mhz
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Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up
Measurement Set-up
Second Harmonics of Chroma subcarrier
No audio
Video: a 700mVpk-pk 100Khz sinusoidal
signal is inserted on the black level of
active video area.
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), second
harmonic of chroma at channel frequency plus 2 times chroma
frequency, resulting in the following spectrum
Picture carrier
Frequency
Frequency
100kHz
100Khz
Sound
carrier
Chroma
carrier
700mVpkpk
700mV pk-pk
Chroma 2nd
Harmonic
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Fo
+4.43Mhz +5.5Mhz
+8.86Mhz
Chroma/Sound intermodulation
No audio signal
Video: 700mVpk-pk 100Khz sinusoidal
signal inserted on the black level of active
video area.This is generated using a
Rohde & Schwarz Video Generator SAF
and inserting the required frequency from
a RF Signal generator.
Frequency
Frequency
100kHz
4.43Mhz
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref),
intermodulation product at channel frequency plus the sound carrier
frequency (+5,5Mhz) minus the chroma frequency (-4,43Mhz), resulting
in the following spectrum.
Intermodulation product is at the channel frequency +1,07Mhz.
Picture carrier
Sound
carrier
Chroma
carrier
700mVpkpk
Chroma/Sound
Intermod.
700mV pk-pk
Fo
+4.43Mhz +5.5Mhz
+1.07Mhz
Picture Carrier Harmonics
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), second and
third harmonic of channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum.
Picture carrier
2nd harmonic
Fo
3rd harmonic
2Fo
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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3Fo
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up
Measurement Set-up
Out of Band Spurious
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Measure in dBuV spurious levels at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.5 times
channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum
Measure from 40Mhz to 1Ghz.
Picture carrier
Spurious
Fo/4
Fo/2 Fo*3/4
Fo
Fo*3/2
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
In Band Spurious
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), spurious
levels falling into video bandwidth Fo+/-5Mhz.
Video Bandwidth
No audio
Video: 600mVpk-pk sinusoidal signal
inserted on the black level of active video
area.
The Video signal is demodulated on the spectrum analyzer, and the
peak level of the 100Khz signal is measured as a reference. The
frequency is then swept from 100Khz to 5Mhz, and then the difference in
dBc from the 100Khz reference level is measured.
Peak White Clip
No Audio signal.
Video: 10 step grey scale
The video modulation depth is measured for 1.0VCVBS input level,
giving modulation depth MDA. Then the same measurement is carried
out for an input level of 1.4VCVBC, giving modulation depth MDB.
The Peak White Clip is defined as 100*MDB/MDA.
Weighted Video Signal to Noise
Video: 100% White video signal - 1Vpk-pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting
network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with sound
trap and envelope detection, and a Rohde
& Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer.
The Video Analyzer measures the ratio between the amplitude of the
active area of the video signal (700mV) and the noise level in Vrms on a
video black level which is show below.
VideoS/N is calculated as 20 x log(700 /N) in dB
N
noise level in Vrms
Unweighted Video Signal to Noise
Same as above with CCIR filter disabled.
Same as above.
Video Differential Phase
Video: 5 step Grey Scale- 1Vpk-pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting
network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with sound
trap, and envelope detection, and a Rohde
& Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer.
On line CCIR 330, the video analyzer DP measure consists of
calculating the difference of the Chroma phase at the black level and the
different chroma subcarrier phase angles at each step of the greyscale.
The largest positive or negative difference indicates the distortion.
the largest positive or negative difference
DIFF PHASE =
the phase at position 0
* 100%
The video analyzer method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps.
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Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up
Measurement Set-up
Video Differential Gain
Video: 5 step Grey Scale- 1Vpk-pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting
network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with sound
trap and envelope detection, and a Rohde
& Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer.
On line CCIR 330 shown below, the video analyzer DG measure
consists of calculating the difference of the Chroma amplitude at the
black level and the different amplitudes at each step of the greyscale.
The largest positive or negative difference indicates the distortion.
0
1
2
3
4
5
5-step Greyscale with Chroma subcarrier superimposed
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
(not to scale), line CCIR 330.
the largest positive or negative difference
DIFF GAIN =
the amplitude at position 0
* 100%
The video analyzer method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps.
Video Modulation Depth
No Audio signal
Video: 10 step grey scale
This is measured using a HP8596E Spectrum Analyzer with a TV
Trigger option, allowing demodulation and triggering on any specified TV
Line. The analyzer is centred on the maximum peak of the Video signal
and reduced to zero Hertz span in Linear mode to demodulate the Video
carrier.
A(mV)
A ( 6-10mV)
B(mV)
B (0.6 - 3mV)
TV Line Demodulated by Spectrum Analyzer-BG standard
The Modulation Depth is calculated as (A-B)/A x 100 in%
Same measurement method for L standard, with inverted video.
Picture to Sound ratio
No Video signal
No Audio Signal
“PS” bit set to 0 and 1
Measure in dBc sound carrier in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref)
for “PS” bit=0 (PS=12dB typical) and for “PS” bit=1 (PS=16dB),
Picture carrier
Sound carrier
Fo
+5.5Mhz
Audio Modulation Depth - FM Modulation
Video Black Level
Audio signal: 1Khz, 205mVrms.
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a
HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz
The audio signal 205mV at 1kHz is supplied by the Audio Analyzer, and
the FM demodulated signal deviation is indicated on the Demodulator in
Khz peak.
This value is then converted in% of FM deviation, based on specified
standards.
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Characterization Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up
Measurement Set-up
Audio Frequency response
The audio signal 1KHz 100mVrms is supplied by the Audio Analyzer,
demodulated by the Demodulator and the audio analyzer measures the
Video Black Level
AC amplitude of this demodulated audio signal: this value is taken as a
Audio signal: 50Hz to 15KHz, 100mVrms
reference (0dB).
This is measured using a Rohde &
The audio signal is then swept from 50Hz to 15KHz, and demodulated
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a
AC amplitude is measured in dB relative to the 1KHz reference.
HP8903A.
Audio pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits are engaged, all audio
analyzer filters are switched OFF.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Audio Distortion FM
Audio: 1Khz, adjustable level
Video Black Level
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
and a HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz.
The output level of the Audio analyzer is
varied to obtain a deviation of 50kHz
indicated on the Demodulator.
The input arms detector of the Audio Analyzer converts the ac level of
the combined signal + noise + distortion to dc. It then removes the
fundamental signal (1kHz) after having measured the frequency. The
output rms detector converts the residual noise + distortion to dc. The dc
voltmeter measures both dc signals and calculates the ratio in% of the
two signals.
ADist = ( Distorsion + Noise ) ⁄ ( Distorsion + Noise + Signal )
Audio Signal to Noise
The Audio Analyzer alternately turns ON and OFF it's internal audio
source to make a measure of the Audio signal plus noise and then
another measure of only the noise.
Audio: 1Khz, adjustable level
The measurement is made using the internal CCIR468-2 Filter of the
Video: EBU Color Bars
Audio Analyzer together with the internal 30+/-2kHz (60dB/decade)
This is measured using a Rohde &
Lowpass filters.
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and a
The AMFS demodulator uses a quasi-parallel demodulation as is the
HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz. The
case in a normal TV set. In this mode the Nyquist filter is bypassed and
output level of the Audio analyzer is varied the video carrier is used without added delay to effectuate intercarrier
to obtain a Modulation Deviation of 25kHz
conversion. In this mode the phase noise information fully cancels out
indicated on the AMFS Demodulator.
and the true S/N can be measured
ASN ( dB ) = 20 × log ( Signal + Noise ) ⁄ ( Noise )
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Modulator Description
13 Modulator Description
13.1 Power ON Settings
At power-ON, the MC44BC373C/4C configuration is as follows:
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
WRITE MODE
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ACK
C1—High Order Bits
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ACK
C0—Low Order Bits
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
ACK
FM—High Order Bits
0
0
N11
N10
N9
N8
N7
N6
ACK
FL—Low Order Bits
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
N0
0
0
ACK
Note:
N0 to N11 are set to have UHF oscillator on channel 36 (591.25MHz).
Note:
Peak White Clip is ON.
Note:
Sound frequency is 5.5MHz.
Note:
Logic Output Port is low voltage.
Note:
Picture to sound ratio is 12dB.
These settings can be customized in special masked version.
13.2 Power Supply
The three device Vccs (pins 10, 13, 15) must be applied at the same time to ensure all internal blocks are
correctly biased. All other pins must not be biased before Vcc is applied to device.
13.3 Standby modes
During standby mode, the modulator is switched to low power consumption: the sound oscillator, UHF
oscillator, video and sound modulator sections bias are internally turned OFF.
The IIC bus section remains active.
Modulator can be programmed in standby mode with combination of 3 bits:OSC=1, SO=1 and ATT=1
13.4 System L or B / G Selection
SYSL bit internally switches the following functions:
•
SYSL = 0 enables B/G system
— Video modulation polarityNegative
— Video modulation depth80% Typical (See “Video Characteristics” on page 10.)
— Sound modulation typeFM
•
SYSL = 1 enables L system
— Video modulation polarityPositive
— Video modulation depth90% Typical (See “Video Characteristics” on page 10.)
— Sound modulation typeAM
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Modulator Description
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13.5 Test Bit TB1
This test bit allows a different bus format.
•
TB1=0 — All MC44BC373C/4C Functions Available—Normal Mode.
•
TB1=1 — Limited Software Compatibility with MC443533. MC44BC373C/4C Functions Not
Available. TB1=1, allows a first evaluation of MC44BC373C/4C using software developed for
MC44353 devices.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
WRITE MODE †
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ACK
CA—CHIP ADDRESS
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
ACK
C1—High Order Bits
1
*
*
*
PS
*
*
SYSL
ACK
C0—Low Order Bits
*
*
*
SFD1
SFD0
1
0
0
ACK
FM—High Order Bits
0
TPEN
N11
N10
N9
N8
N7
N6
ACK
FL—Low Order Bits
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
N0
*
*
ACK
† Case TB1=1 compatible with MC44353
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
All “∗” are don’t care bits.
PS bit replaces PSD2 bit in MC44353 bus format:
PS = 0 is for Picture-to-Sound ratio = 12dB
PS = 1 is for Picture-to-Sound ratio = 16dB
SFD1 and SFD0 bits have the same definition for both bus formats (MC44353 and MC44BC373C/4C) and
allows a select sound frequency between 4.5MHz, 5MHz, 5.5MHz, and 6.5MHz.
SYSL bit is the same definition for both bus formats (MC44353 and MC44BC373C/4C) and allows a select
system L or BG.
All MC44BC373C/4C functions are set to their default values.
13.6 Transient Output Inhibit
To minimize the risk of interference to other channels while the UHF PLL is acquiring a lock on the
desired frequency, the Sound and Video modulators are turned OFF during a time out period for each of
the following two cases:
•
Power-ON from zero (i.e., all Vcc is switched from 0V to 5V).
•
UHF oscillator power-ON from OFF state (i.e., OSC bit is switched from 1 to 0)
There is a time-out of 263ms until the output is enabled. This lets the UHF PLL settle to its programmed
frequency. During the 263ms time-out, the sound PLL current source is set to 10µA typical to speed up the
locking time. After the 263ms time-out, the current source is switched to 1µA. Use care when selecting
loop filter components, to ensure the loop transient does not exceed this delay.
For test purposes, it is possible to disable the 263ms delay using Test Mode1–State1.h (this is called speed
up mode).
13.7 UHF Oscillator—VHF range
The UHF oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components.
For low frequency testing or VHF range operation (test mode 1, states 1.b to 1.c), the UHF oscillator can
be internally divided by: 2, 4, 8, or 16.
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Modulator Description
13.8 PLL Section
The reference divider is a fixed divide-by-128, resulting in a reference frequency of 31.25KHz with a
4.0MHz crystal. The 31.25KHz reference frequency is used for both UHF and Sound PLLs.
The prescaler is a fixed divide-by-8 and is permanently engaged.
The programmable divider division-ratio is controlled by the state of control bits N0 to N11.
The divider-ratio N for a desired frequency F (in MHz) is given by:
F 128
N = --- × --------8
4
with:
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
N = 2048 × N11 + 1024 × N10 + …… + 4 × N2 + 2 × N1 + N0
Programming a division-ratio N=0 is not allowed.
13.9 Logic Output Port
The LOP pin is used to control any logic function. The primary applications are to control an external
attenuator or an external switch, between the antenna input and TV output.
A typical attenuator application with PIN diode is shown. The LOP pin is used to switch the PIN
attenuator depending on the signal strength of the Antenna Input, thereby reducing the risks of
Intermodulation in certain areas. The LOP may also be used as an OFF position bypass switch or for other
logic functions in the application.
Vcc
Antenna
Input
TV Out
LOP pin
Figure 6. Attenuator Application with PIN Diode
13.10 Video Section - Peak White Clip
The modulator requires the following:
•
A composite video input with negative going sync pulses
•
A nominal level of 1Vp-p
This signal is AC-coupled to the video input where the sync tip level is clamped.
The video signal is then passed to a Peak White Clip circuit. The PWC circuit function is to soft-clip the
top of the video waveform if the “sync tip amplitude” to “peak white clip” goes too high. This method
avoids carrier over-modulation by the video. Clipping can be disabled by software.
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Modulator Description
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13.11 Sound Section
The multivibrator oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components. An internal
low-pass filter and matched structure give a very low harmonics level.
The sound modulator system consists of the following two types:
•
An FM modulator incorporating the sound subcarrier oscillator
•
An AM modulator (MC44BC373C only)
The audio input signal is AC-coupled into the amplifier, which then drives both types of modulator.
The audio pre-emphasis circuit is a high-pass filter with an external capacitor and an internal resistor
(100kOhms). The recommended capacitor value (470pF) is for BG standard; time constant is 50µS.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
13.12 Test Pattern Generator
The IIC generates a simple test pattern, which can be switched under bus control to permit a TV receiver to
easily tune to the modulator output. The pattern consists of two white vertical bars on a black background
and a 976Hz audio test signal.
TE2
7/10
3/10
TE1
0
10
20 24 2830
40 44
50
60 64
TIME IN µS.
Table 1. Test Pattern Generator
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Inc.
High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
14 High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
14.1 Specification Conditions
Unless otherwise specified, Vcc1=5.0V, TA=25 oC.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Electrical Characteristics
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
SDA / SCL output current at 0V
—
—
10
µA
A
SDA / SCL low input level
—
—
1.5
V
B
SDA / SCL high input level
3.0
—
—
V
B
SDA/SCL input current for input level from 0.4V to 0.3Vcc
–5
—
5
µA
C
SDA/SCL input level
0
—
Vcc+0,3
V
D
SDA/SCL capacitance
—
—
10
pF
C
ACK low output level (sinking 3mA)
—
0,3
1
V
A
ACK low output level (sinking 15mA)
—
—
1.5
V
C
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
0
—
800
kHz
C
Bus free time between stop and start
200
—
—
ns
C
Setup time for start condition
500
—
—
ns
C
Hold time for start condition
Timing Characteristics
Bus clock frequency
500
—
—
ns
C
Data setup time
0
—
—
ns
C
Data hold time
0
—
—
ns
C
Setup time for stop condition
500
—
—
ns
C
Hold time for stop condition
500
—
—
ns
C
Acknowledge propagation delay
—
—
300
ns
C
SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 130pF load
—
—
50
ns
C
SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 400pF load
—
—
80
ns
C
SDA rise time
SCL fall/rise time
—
—
—
—
300
300
ns
ns
C
C
Pulse width of spikes suppressed by the input filter
—
—
50
ns
C
14.2 Timings Definition
Tbuf
Stop
ACK
Start
Chip Address
SSDA
SSCL
Tsu;sto Thd;sta
...
...
Tsu;dat
Thd;dat
Tack:low
Start
Stop
SDA
SDA
SCL
SCL
Tsu;sta
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Thd;sto
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High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
14.3 Levels Definition
SDA
...
Vcc
Vih
dead band
Vil
0V
14.4 High Speed I2C Compatible Bus Format
SCL
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
1
STA
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Chip Address ($CA)
First Data Byte (C1 or FM)
ACK
44 45
Stop
Data
ACK
ACK
SDA
14.5 I2C Write Mode Format and Bus Receiver
The bus receiver operates the I2C compatible data format. The chip address (I2C bus) is:
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 (ACK) = $CA (hex) in write mode
In write mode, each ninth data bit (bits 9, 18, 27, 36, and 45) is an acknowledge bit (ACK) during which
the MCU sends a logic 1 and the Modulator circuit answers on the data line by pulling it low. Besides the
chip address, the circuit needs two or four data bytes for operation. The following sequences of data bytes
are the permitted incoming information:
Example 1
STA
CA
C1
C0
STO
Example 2
STA
CA
Example 3
STA
CA
FM
FL
STO
C1
C0
FM
FL
STO
Example 4
STA
CA
FM
FL
C1
C0
STO
With:
STA = Start condition
CA = Chip Address
FM = Frequency information, high order bits
FL = Frequency information, low order bits
C1 = Control information, high order bits
CO = Control information, low order bits
STO = Stop condition
After the chip address, two or four data bytes may be received.
•
If three data bytes are received, the third one is ignored.
•
If five or more data bytes are received, the fifth and following ones are ignored, and the last ACK
pulse is sent at the end of the fourth data byte.
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High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
The first and third data bytes contain a function bit, which lets the IC distinguish between frequency
information and control information. If the function bit is a logic 1, the two following bytes contain control
information. The first data byte after the chip address, may be byte CO or byte FM. The two bytes of
frequency information are preceded by a logic 0.
14.6 I2C Read Mode Format
The chip address (I2C) is:
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 (ACK) = $CB (hex) in read mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The incoming information consists of the read mode chip address byte. The device then answers with an
ACK followed by one byte containing three bits of status information. No acknowledge is answered by the
modulator after this byte.
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Pin Circuit Schematics
15 Pin Circuit Schematics
VCCD
VCCD
VCC
VCC
25K
50
SDA
1/2 VCCD
SCL
25K
1/2 VCCD
ACK
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
VCC
VCC
5K
LOP
XTAL
1.5K
VCC
VCC
50k
PREM
10k
11.8k
VCC
audio
AUDIO IN
VCC
TV OUT
VCC
5K
VCC
SPLLFLT
75
TVOVCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
100
PLLFLT
2K
500
10K
10K
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VIDEO
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Inc. and Case Diagrams
16 Application and Case Diagrams
16.1 Proposed BiCMOS Modulator Application
This document contains information on a new product under development.
Freescale reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice.
Vcc
SDA SCL
O
O
O
Note 2
1
SCL
2
O
4MHz
3
Cx
Note 1
LOP
4
XTAL
5
GND
Pre-em
6
470pF
PREEM
7
AUDIO
8
SPLLFLT
220nF
100nF
22nF
O
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
SDA
LOP
Audio
15K
16
2.2k
22nF
GNDD
15
VCCD
14
47nF
PLLFLT
13
TVOVCC
12
10nF
O TVOUT
1nF
TVOUT
11
GND
10
VCCA
10nF
9
VIDEO
10nF
100nF
75
O
Video
O
Vcc
Note 1: Cx value depends on crystal characteristics; Cx = 27pF on Freescale application board.
Note 2: Loop Filter components must be as close as possible to pins 14 and 15.
Figure 7. Proposed MC44BC373C/4C Application Schematic
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Application and Case Diagrams
16.2 Packaging Instructions
Tape and reel packaging per 12MRH00360A with the following conditions applicable for Dual In-Line
SOP (SOIC) package.
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Component Orientation: Arrange parts with the pin 1
side closest to the tape's round sprocket holes on the
tape's trailing edge.
16.3 Marking Instructions
SO16NB Package:
Bar marked part way accross Pin 1 end of package.
Bar width 10 to 20 mils, length to be at least four
times Bar width. Bar placement may extend across
chamfer and dimple areas.
44BC37xCD
Pin 1 Dot or Dimple
•
•
1st line:
44BC373CD for MC44BC373CD device
44BC374CD for MC44BC374CD device
(Part number coded on 10 digits)
2nd line:
Assembly site code AW (2 digits) followed by the
wafer lot code L (1 digit),
year Y (1 digit) and
work week WW (2 digits)
TSSOP16 package
44BC
37xC
•
1st line: 44BC
(Part number coded on 4 digits)
•
2nd line: 373C for MC44BC373CDTB device
374C for MC44BC374CDTB device
(Part number coded on 4 digits)
•
3rd line: Assembly site code A (1 digit) followed by the
wafer lot code L (1 digit),
year Y (1 digit) and
work week W (1 digit)
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Inc. and Case Diagrams
Millimeters
Inches
Dim
Note:
1994.
1. Dimensions and Tolerances per ASME Y14.5M,
2. Controlling dimension: Millimeters.
Min
Max
Min
Max
Note:
A
1.35
1.75
0.054
0.068
A1
0.1
0.25
0.004
0.009
Note: 3. Dimension D and E1 do not include mold
protrusion.
D
9.8
10
0.385
0.393
E
5.8
6.2
0.229
0.244
E1
3.8
4
0.150
0.157
b
0.35
0.49
0.014
0.019
c
0.19
0.25
0.008
0.009
e
1.27 BSC
Note:
4. Maximum mold protrusion 0.15 (0.006) per side.
Note: 5. Dimension b does not include Dambar protrusion.
Allowable Dambar protrusion shall be 0.127 (0.005)
total in excess of the b dimension at maximum material
condition.
0.050 BSC
L
0.4
1.25
0.016
0.049
h
0.25
0.5
0.010
0.019
Q
0o
7o
0o
7o
Figure 8. SO16NB Package
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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Figure 9. TSSOP16 Package
MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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MC44BC373C/374C Technical Data
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