Hitachi HA17432VUP Regarding the change of names mentioned in the document, such as hitachi electric and hitachi xx, to renesas technology corp. Datasheet

To all our customers
Regarding the change of names mentioned in the document, such as Hitachi
Electric and Hitachi XX, to Renesas Technology Corp.
The semiconductor operations of Mitsubishi Electric and Hitachi were transferred to Renesas
Technology Corporation on April 1st 2003. These operations include microcomputer, logic, analog
and discrete devices, and memory chips other than DRAMs (flash memory, SRAMs etc.)
Accordingly, although Hitachi, Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi Semiconductors, and other Hitachi brand
names are mentioned in the document, these names have in fact all been changed to Renesas
Technology Corp. Thank you for your understanding. Except for our corporate trademark, logo and
corporate statement, no changes whatsoever have been made to the contents of the document, and
these changes do not constitute any alteration to the contents of the document itself.
Renesas Technology Home Page: http://www.renesas.com
Renesas Technology Corp.
Customer Support Dept.
April 1, 2003
Cautions
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and more reliable, but there is always the possibility that trouble may occur with them. Trouble with
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Remember to give due consideration to safety when making your circuit designs, with appropriate
measures such as (i) placement of substitutive, auxiliary circuits, (ii) use of nonflammable material or
(iii) prevention against any malfunction or mishap.
Notes regarding these materials
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Technology Corporation product best suited to the customer's application; they do not convey any
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contained therein.
HA17431 Series
Shunt Regulator
ADE-204-049A (Z)
Rev.1
Sep. 2002
Description
The HA17431 series is temperature-compensated variable shunt regulators. The main application of these
products is in voltage regulators that provide a variable output voltage. The on-chip high-precision
reference voltage source can provide ±1% accuracy in the V versions, which have a VKA max of 16 volts.
The HA17431VLP, which is provided in the MPAK-5 package, is designed for use in switching mode
power supplies. It provides a built-in photocoupler bypass resistor for the PS pin, and an error amplifier
can be easily constructed on the supply side.
Features
• The V versions provide 2.500 V ±1% at Ta = 25°C
• The HA17431VLP includes a photocoupler bypass resistor (2 kΩ)
• The reference voltage has a low temperature coefficient
• The MPAK-5(5-pin), MPAK(3-pin) and UPAK miniature packages are optimal for use on high
mounting density circuit boards
• Car use is provided
Block Diagram
K
PS*
2kΩ
REF
+
−
2.500V
A
Note: * The PS pin is only provided by the HA17431VLP.
HA17431 Series
Application Circuit Example
Switching power supply secondary-side error amplification circuit
Vout
R
R1
+
K
–
PS
2kΩ
REF
A
R2
GND
HA17431VLP
Ordering Information
Version
V Version
A Version
Normal
Version
Accuracy
±1%
±2.2%
±4%
Max
2.525 V
2.550 V
2.595 V
Typ
2.500 V
2.495 V
2.495 V
Min
2.475 V
2.440 V
2.395 V
Cathode voltage
16 V max
40 V max
40 V max
Cathode current
50 mA max
150 mA max
150 mA max
Car use
HA17431VPJ
Item
Reference
voltage
(at 25°C)
Package
Operating
Temperature
Range
TO-92
–40 to +85°C
HA17431PNAJ
HA17431PAJ
TO-92MOD
HA17431PJ
FP-8D
HA17431FPAJ
HA17431FPJ
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 2 of 24
HA17431 Series
Ordering Information (cont.)
Version
Item
V Version
Industrial use
HA17431VLTP
Normal
Version
A Version
Package
Operating
Temperature
Range
MPAK
–20 to +85°C
HA17432VLTP
HA17431VLP
MPAK-5
HA17431VP
TO-92
HA17431PNA
HA17431VUP
UPAK
HA17431UPA
HA17432VUP
HA17432UPA
HA17431PA
TO-92MOD
HA17431P
HA17431FPA
FP-8D
HA17431FP
Commercial use
HA17431UA
UPAK
HA17432UA
Pin Arrangement
MPAK-5
NC
5
MPAK
(HA17431VLTP)
MPAK
(HA17432VLTP)
UPAK
(HA17431UA/UPA/VUP)
UPAK
(HA17432UA/UPA/VUP)
A
A
A
A
PS
4
3
1
2
3
REF A K
1
REF
3
2
K
1
K
2
REF
FP-8D
REF
8
NC
7
A
6
1
REF
TO-92
2
A
3
K
1
K
2
A
3
REF
TO-92MOD
NC
5
Mark side
Mark side
1
1
K
2
3
4
NC NC NC
2
3
REF A
K
1
2
3
REF A
K
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 3 of 24
HA17431 Series
Absolute Maximum Ratings
(Ta = 25°C)
Item
Symbol
HA17431VLP
HA17431VP
HA17431VPJ
Unit
Notes
Cathode voltage
VKA
16
16
16
V
1
PS term. voltage
VPS
VKA to 16
—
—
V
1,2,3
Continuous
cathode current
IK
–50 to +50
–50 to +50
–50 to +50
mA
Reference input
current
Iref
–0.05 to +10
–0.05 to +10
–0.05 to +10
mA
Power dissipation
PT
150 *4
500 *5
500 *5
mW
Operating
temperature
range
Topr
–20 to +85
–20 to +85
–40 to +85
°C
Storage
temperature
Tstg
–55 to +150
–55 to +150
–55 to +150
Item
Symbol
HA17431VUP/HA17432VUP
HA17431VLTP/HA17432VLTP
Unit
Notes
Cathode voltage
VKA
16
16
V
1
PS term. voltage
VPS
—
—
V
1,2,3
Continuous
cathode current
IK
–50 to +50
–50 to +50
mA
Reference input
current
Iref
–0.05 to +10
–0.05 to +10
mA
Power dissipation
PT
800 *8
150 *4
mW
Operating
temperature
range
Topr
–20 to +85
–20 to +85
°C
Storage
temperature
Tstg
–55 to +150
–55 to +150
°C
Item
Symbol
HA17431PNA
HA17431P/PA
HA17431FP/FPA
HA17431UA/UPA/
HA17432UA/UPA
Unit
Notes
Cathode voltage
VKA
40
40
40
40
V
1
Continuous
cathode current
IK
–100 to +150
–100 to +150
–100 to +150
–100 to +150
mA
Reference input
current
Iref
–0.05 to +10
–0.05 to +10
–0.05 to +10
–0.05 to +10
mA
Power dissipation
PT
500 *5
800 *6
500 *7
800 *8
mW
Operating
temperature
range
Topr
–20 to +85
–20 to +85
–20 to +85
–20 to +85
°C
Storage
temperature
Tstg
–55 to +150
–55 to +150
–55 to +125
–55 to +150
°C
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 4 of 24
4, 5
°C
4, 8
5,6,7,8
HA17431 Series
Absolute Maximum Ratings (cont.)
(Ta = 25°C)
Item
Symbol
HA17431PNAJ
HA17431PJ/PAJ
HA17431FPJ/FPAJ
Unit
Notes
Cathode voltage
VKA
40
40
Continuous
cathode current
IK
–100 to +150
–100 to +150
40
V
1
–100 to +150
mA
Reference input
current
Iref
–0.05 to +10
–0.05 to +10
–0.05 to +10
mA
Power dissipation
PT
500 *5
800 *6
500 *7
mW
Operating
temperature
range
Topr
–40 to +85
–40 to +85
–40 to +85
°C
Storage
temperature
Tstg
–55 to +150
–55 to +150
–55 to +125
°C
5,6,7
Notes: 1. Voltages are referenced to anode.
2. The PS pin is only provided by the HA17431VLP.
3. The PS pin voltage must not fall below the cathode voltage. If the PS pin is not used, the PS pin
is recommended to be connected with the cathode.
4. Ta ≤ 25°C. If Ta > 25°C, derate by 1.2 mW/°C.
5. Ta ≤ 25°C. If Ta > 25°C, derate by 4.0 mW/°C.
6. Ta ≤ 25°C. If Ta > 25°C, derate by 6.4 mW/°C.
7. 50 mm × 50 mm × 1.5mmt glass epoxy board(5% wiring density), Ta ≤ 25°C. If Ta > 25°C,
derate by 5 mW/°C.
8. 15 mm × 25 mm × 0.7mmt alumina ceramic board,Ta ≤ 25°C. If Ta > 25°C, derate by 6.4
mW/°C.
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 5 of 24
HA17431 Series
Electrical Characteristics
HA17431VLP/VP/VPJ/VUP/VLTP, HA17432VUP/VLTP
(Ta = 25°C, IK = 10 mA)
Item
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Conditions
Reference voltage
Vref
2.475
2.500
2.525
V
VKA = Vref
Reference voltage
temperature
deviation
Vref(dev)
—
10
—
mV
VKA = Vref,
Ta = –20°C to +85°C
Reference voltage
temperature
coefficient
∆Vref/∆Ta
—
±30
—
ppm/°C
VKA = Vref,
0°C to 50°C gradient
Reference voltage
regulation
∆Vref/∆VKA
—
2.0
3.7
mV/V
VKA = Vref to 16 V
Reference input
current
Iref
—
2
6
µA
R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞
Reference current
temperature
deviation
Iref(dev)
—
0.5
—
µA
R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞,
Ta = –20°C to +85°C
Minimum cathode
current
Imin
—
0.4
1.0
mA
VKA = Vref
Off state cathode
current
Ioff
—
0.001
1.0
µA
VKA = 16 V, Vref = 0 V
Dynamic
impedance
ZKA
—
0.2
0.5
Ω
VKA = Vref,
IK = 1 mA to 50 mA
Bypass resistance
RPS
1.6
2.0
2.4
kΩ
IPS = 1 mA
3
Bypass resistance
temperature
coefficient
∆RPS/∆Ta
—
+2000
—
ppm/°C
IPS = 1 mA,
0°C to 50°C gradient
3
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 6 of 24
Notes
1
2
HA17431 Series
Electrical Characteristics (cont.)
HA17431PJ/PAJ/FPJ/FPAJ/P/PA/UA/UPA/FP/FPA/PNA/PNAJ, HA17432UA/UPA
(Ta = 25°C, IK = 10 mA)
Item
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Conditions
Notes
Reference voltage
Vref
2.440
2.495
2.550
V
VKA = Vref
A
2.395
2.495
2.595
—
11
(30)
—
5
(17)
Reference voltage
temperature
deviation
Vref(dev)
Reference voltage
regulation
∆Vref/∆VKA
Reference input
current
Normal
mV
mV/V
VKA = Vref
Ta =
–20°C to
+85°C
1, 4
Ta = 0°C
to +70°C
1, 4
—
1.4
3.7
—
1
2.2
VKA = Vref to 10 V
Iref
—
3.8
6
µA
R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞
Reference current
temperature
deviation
Iref(dev)
—
0.5
(2.5)
µA
R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞,
Ta = 0°C to +70°C
4
Minimum cathode
current
Imin
—
0.4
1.0
mA
VKA = Vref
2
Off state cathode
current
Ioff
—
0.001
1.0
µA
VKA = 40 V, Vref = 0 V
Dynamic
impedance
ZKA
—
0.2
0.5
Ω
VKA = Vref,
IK = 1 mA to 100 mA
VKA = 10 V to 40 V
Notes: 1. Vref(dev) = Vref(max) – Vref(min)
Vref(max)
Vref(dev)
Vref(min)
Ta Min
Ta Max
2. Imin is given by the cathode current at Vref = Vref(IK=10mA) – 15 mV.
3. RPS is only provided in HA17431VLP.
4. The maximum value is a design value (not measured).
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 7 of 24
HA17431 Series
MPAK-5(5-pin), MPAK(3-pin) and UPAK Marking Patterns
The marking patterns shown below are used on MPAK-5, MPAK and UPAK products. Note that the
product code and mark pattern are different. The pattern is laser-printed.
HA17431VLP
NC
HA17431VLTP
HA17432VLTP
A
A
PS
HA17431UA
REF
(1)
(2)
4
P
(a)
(b)
REF
(4)
(1)
(c)
A
K
(2)
3
A
(a)
(b)
(4)
(1)
(c)
REF
K
(2)
3
B
(a)
(b)
(4)
A
(1)
(2)
REF
A
(c)
K
4
HA17431UPA
A
K
(3)
K
4
C
(1)
(2)
HA17432UPA
K
A
A
(1)
(2)
Band mark
REF
(4)
(5)
REF
K
4
R
(1)
(2)
A
(4)
4
S
(1)
(2)
A
A
Band mark
(3)
(4)
(5)
HA17432VUP
A
Band mark
K
(5)
(3)
HA17431VUP
A
Band mark
(4)
F
A
REF
(3)
4
A
Band mark
K
HA17432UA
B
(2)
A
Band mark
REF
4
(1)
REF
(3)
(5)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Notes: 1. Boxes (1) to (5) in the figures show the position of the letters or numerals, and are not actually
marked on the package.
2. The letters (1) and (2) show the product specific mark pattern.
Product
HA17431VLP
HA17431VUP
HA17432VUP
HA17431VLTP
HA17432VLTP
HA17431UA
HA17431UPA
HA17432UA
HA17432UPA
(1)
4
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
(2)
P
R
S
A
B
A
B
C
F
3. The letter (3) shows the production year code (the last digit of the year) for UPAK products.
4. The bars (a), (b) and (c) show a production year code for MPAK-5 and MPAK products as shown
below. After 2010 the code is repeated every 8 years.
Year
(a)
(b)
(c)
2002
None
None
Bar
2003
None
Bar
None
2004
None
Bar
Bar
2005
Bar
None
None
2006
Bar
None
Bar
2007
Bar
Bar
None
2008
Bar
Bar
Bar
2009
None
None
None
5. The letter (4) shows the production month code (see table below).
Production month
Marked code
Jan.
A
Feb.
B
Mar.
C
Apr.
D
May.
E
Jun.
F
Jul.
G
6. The letter (5) shows manufacturing code. For UPAK products.
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 8 of 24
Aug.
H
Sep.
J
Oct.
K
Nov.
L
Dec.
M
HA17431 Series
Characteristics Curves
HA17431VLP/VP/VPJ/VUP/VLTP, HA17432VUP/VLTP
VK=Vref
IK=10mA
2.550
2.525
K
2.500
REF
IK
V Vref
A
2.475
2.450
2.425
–20
0
20
40
60
80 85
Ambient temperature Ta (˚C)
Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Characteristics 1
1.0
VK=Vref
VK=Vref
0.5
0
Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Characteristics 2
50
Cathode current IK (mA)
Cathode current IK (mA)
Reference voltage Vref (V)
Reference Voltage Temperature Characteristics
2.575
0
1
2
3
4
Cathode voltage VK (V)
5
1V/DIV
0
–50
–5
0
Cathode voltage VK (V)
5
1V/DIV
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 9 of 24
HA17431 Series
Dynamic impedance ZKA (Ω)
Dynamic Impedance vs. Frequency Characteristics
100
10
K
1
IK
REF
io
V VK
A
0.1
iO = 2 mAP-P
0.01
100
ZKA=
1k
10k
100k
VK
(Ω)
iO
1M
Frequency f (Hz)
0
∅
50
GVOL
–180
0
Phase delay ∅ (degrees)
Open loop voltage gain GVOL (dB)
Open Loop Voltage Gain, Phase vs. Frequency Characteristics
220Ω
Vo
IK=10mA
15kΩ
10µF
– +
K
REF
Vi
A
8.2kΩ
–360
G = 20log
100
1k
10k
100k
Frequency f (Hz)
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 10 of 24
1M
10M
Vo
(dB)
Vi
HA17431 Series
HA17431PJ/PAJ/FPJ/FPAJ/P/PA/UA/UPA/FP/FPA/PNA/PNAJ, HA17432UA/UPA
100
Oscillation
region
Stable
region
VCC
50
CL
0
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1.0 2.0
Load capacitance CL (µF)
40
φ
30
90
20
220 Ω
15 kΩ
10 µF
10
Vin
0
10
Phase φ (degrees)
Open loop voltage gain GVOL (dB)
Open Loop Voltage Gain, Phase vs. Frequency Characteristics (1)
(With no feedback capacitance)
60
GV
IK = 10 mA
50
0
180
Vout
GND
8.2 kΩ
100
1k
10 k
100 k
Frequency f (Hz)
Open Loop Voltage Gain, Phase vs. Frequency Characteristics (2)
(When a feedback capacitance (Cf) is provided)
IK = 5 mA
10
Gυ
Gυ
180
Cf = 0.022 µF
5
φ
Cf = 0.22 µF
0
200 µF
Cf
2.4 kΩ
Vin
–4
10
50 Ω
270
2k
+ Vout
–
20 V
Phase φ (degrees)
8
7.5 kΩ
Open loop voltage gain GVOL (dB)
Cathode current IK (mA)
Oscillation Stability vs. Load Capacitance between Anode and Cathode
1.5
150
360
GND
100
1k
10 k
Frequency f (Hz)
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 11 of 24
HA17431 Series
Reference voltage pin Input current
Iref (µA)
Reference Voltage Pin Input Current vs. Cathode Voltage Characteristics
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
IK = 10 mA
0.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Cathode voltage VK (V)
Reference Voltage Temperature Characteristics
2.50
VKA = Vref
IK = 10 mA
2.49
Pulse Response
Input/Output voltage VI (V)
5
Reference voltage Vref (V)
INPUT
(P.G)
4
3
OUTPUT
(Vout)
2
50 Ω
220 Ω
Vout
1
GND
2.48
2.47
2.46
2.45
P.G
f = 100 kHz
0
1
2
3
4
Time t (µs)
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 12 of 24
5
6
2.44
–20
0
20
40
60
Ambient temperature Ta (˚C)
80 85
Reference Voltage Pin Input Current
Temperature Characteristics
3
Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Characteristics (1)
150
R1 = 10 kΩ
R2 = ∞
IK = 10 mA
2.5
120
100
Cathode current IK (mA)
Reference voltage pin input current Iref (µA)
HA17431 Series
2
1.5
1
80
60
40
20
0
–20
VK = Vref
Ta = 25˚C
–40
0.5
–60
–80
0
–20
0
20
40
60
–100
80 85
–2
Ambient temperature Ta (˚C)
0.8
0.6
Imin
0.2
0
1
2
Cathode voltage VK (V)
1
2
3
Cathode Current Temperature Characteristics
when Off State
2
Cathode current when off state Ioff (nA)
Cathode current IK (mA)
VKA = Vref
Ta = 25˚C
0.4
0
Cathode voltage VK (V)
Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Characteristics (2)
1.2
1.0
–1
3
VKA = 40 V
Vref = 0
1.5
1
0.5
–20
0
20
40
60
80 85
Ambient temperature Ta (˚C)
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 13 of 24
HA17431 Series
Application Examples
As shown in the figure on the right, this IC operates as an inverting amplifier, with the REF pin as input
pin. The open-loop voltage gain is given by the reciprocal of “reference voltage deviation by cathode
voltage change” in the electrical specifications, and is approximately 50 to 60 dB. The REF pin has a high
input impedance, with an input current Iref of 3.8 µA Typ (V version: Iref = 2 µA Typ). The output
impedance of the output pin K (cathode) is defined as dynamic impedance ZKA, and ZKA is low (0.2 Ω) over
a wide cathode current range. A (anode) is used at the minimum potential, such as ground.
K
REF
–
+
VCC
OUT
VEE
VZ ≅ 2.5V
A
Figure 1 Operation Diagram
Application Hints
No.
Application Example
Description
1
Reference voltage generation circuit
This is the simplest reference voltage circuit. The value
of the resistance R is set so that cathode current IK ≥ 1
mA.
Vin
Vout
R
K
Output is fixed at Vout ≅ 2.5 V.
CL
REF
A
GND
2
GND
Variable output shunt regulator circuit
Vin
Vout
R
Iref
R1
K
REF
CL
A
R2
GND
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 14 of 24
GND
The external capacitor CL (CL ≥ 3.3 µF) is used to
prevent oscillation in normal applications.
This is circuit 1 above with variable output provided.
Here, Vout ≅ 2.5 V ×
(R1 + R2)
R2
Since the reference input current Iref = 3.8 µA Typ (V
version: Iref = 2 µA Typ) flows through R1, resistance
values are chosen to allow the resultant voltage drop to
be ignored.
HA17431 Series
Application Hints (cont.)
No.
Application Example
Description
3
Single power supply inverting
comparator circuit
This is an inverting type comparator with an input
threshold voltage of approximately 2.5 V. Rin is the
REF pin protection resistance, with a value of several
kΩ to several tens of kΩ.
VCC
RL
Rin
RL is the load resistance, selected so that the cathode
current IK • 1 mA when Vout is low.
Vout
K
Vin
Condition Vin
C1
Less then 2.5 V
C2
2.5 V or more
REF A
GND
GND
4
AC amplifier circuit
This is an AC amplifier with voltage gain G = –R1 /
(R2//R3). The input is cut by capacitance Cin, so that
the REF pin is driven by the AC input signal, centered
on 2.5 VDC.
VCC
Cf
RL
R1
R2 also functions as a resistance that determines the
DC cathode potential when there is no input, but if the
input level is low and there is no risk of Vout clipping to
VCC, this can be omitted.
Vout
Vin
K
Cin R3
REF
Vout
IC
VCC (VOH)
OFF
Approx. 2 V (VOL) ON
A
To change the frequency characteristic, Cf should be
connected as indicated by the dotted line.
R2
GND
R1
Gain G =
(DC gain)
R2 // R3
1
Cutoff frequency fc =
5
2π Cf (R1 // R2 // R3)
This circuit performs control on the secondary side of a
transformer, and is often used with a switching power
supply that employs a photocoupler for offlining.
Switching power supply error
amplification circuit
+
V
R4
+
LED
R3
–
R1
(Note)
Secondary
side GND
The output voltage (between V+ and V–) is given by the
following formula:
Vout ≅ 2.5 V ×
(R1 + R2)
R2
In this circuit, the gain with respect to the Vout error is
as follows:
Cf
R2
–
V
Note: LED : Light emitting diode in photocoupler
R3 : Bypass resistor to feed IK(>Imin)
when LED current vanishes
R4 : LED protection resistance
G=
R2
× HA17431 open × photocoupler
loop gain
total gain
(R1 + R2)
As stated earlier, the HA17431 open-loop gain is 50 to
60 dB.
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 15 of 24
HA17431 Series
Application Hints (cont.)
No.
Application Example
Description
6
Constant voltage regulator circuit
This is a 3-pin regulator with a discrete configuration, in
which the output voltage
VCC
R1
Vout = 2.5 V ×
Q
Vout
R2
Cf
GND
Discharge type constant current circuit
This circuit supplies a constant current of
VCC
IL ≅
R
Q
2.5 V
[A] into the load. Caution is required
The requirement in this circuit is that the cathode
current must be greater than Imin = 1 mA. The IL
setting therefore must be on the order of several mA or
more.
RS
Load
GND
2.5 V
RS
since the HA17431 cathode current is also
superimposed on IL.
+
8
R1 is a bias resistance for supplying the HA17431
cathode current and the output transistor Q base
current.
R3
GND
7
(R2 + R3)
R3
IL
–
Induction type constant current circuit
+
R
Load
VCC
IL
–
In this circuit, the load is connected on the collector
side of transistor Q in circuit 7 above. In this case, the
load floats from GND, but the HA17431 cathode current
is not superimposed on IL, so that IL can be kept small
(1 mA or less is possible). The constant current value
is the same as for circuit 7 above:
Q
IL ≅
2.5 V
GND
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 16 of 24
RS
2.5 V
RS
[A]
HA17431 Series
Design Guide for AC-DC SMPS (Switching Mode Power Supply)
Use of Shunt Regulator in Transformer Secondary Side Control
This example is applicable to both forward transformers and flyback transformers. A shunt regulator is
used on the secondary side as an error amplifier, and feedback to the primary side is provided via a
photocoupler.
Transformer
R1
SBD
PWM IC
HA17384
HA17385
IF
IB
VF
Phototransistor
Photocoupler
C1
K
HA17431
(+)
Output
V0
(–)
Vref
VK
Light
emitting diode
R3
R2
R5
R4
REF
A
GND
Figure 2 Typical Shunt Regulator/Error Amplifier
Determination of External Constants for the Shunt Regulator
DC characteristic determination: In figure 2, R1 and R2 are protection resistor for the light emitting diode
in the photocoupler, and R2 is a bypass resistor to feed IK minimum, and these are determined as shown
below. The photocoupler specification should be obtained separately from the manufacturer. Using the
parameters in figure 2, the following formulas are obtained:
R1 =
V0 – VF – VK
V
, R2 = F
IF + IB
IB
VK is the HA17431 operating voltage, and is set at around 3 V, taking into account a margin for fluctuation.
R2 is the current shunt resistance for the light emitting diode, in which a bias current IB of around 1/5 IF
flows.
Next, the output voltage can be determined by R3 and R4, and the following formula is obtained:
V0 =
R3 + R4
× Vref, Vref = 2.5 V Typ
R4
The absolute values of R3 and R4 are determined by the HA17431 reference input current Iref and the AC
characteristics described in the next section. The Iref value is around 3.8 µA Typ. (V version: 2 µA Typ)
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 17 of 24
HA17431 Series
AC characteristic determination: This refers to the determination of the gain frequency characteristic of
the shunt regulator as an error amplifier. Taking the configuration in figure 2, the error amplifier
characteristic is as shown in figure 3.
Gain G (dB)
G1
G2
f1
fAC
f2
When R5 ≠ 0
When R5 = 0
fOSC Frequency f (Hz)
* fOSC : PWM switching frequency
Figure 3 HA17431 Error Amplification Characteristic
In Figure 3, the following formulas are obtained:
Gain
G1 = G0 ≈ 50 dB to 60 dB (determined by shunt regulator)
G2 =
R5
R3
Corner frequencies
f1 = 1/(2π C1 G0 R3)
f2 = 1/(2π C1 R5)
G0 is the shunt regulator open-loop gain; this is given by the reciprocal of the reference voltage fluctuation
∆Vref/∆VKA, and is approximately 50 dB.
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 18 of 24
HA17431 Series
Practical Example
Consider the example of a photocoupler, with an internal light emitting diode VF = 1.05 V and IF = 2.5 mA,
power supply output voltage V2 = 5 V, and bias resistance R2 current of approximately 1/5 IF at 0.5 mA. If
the shunt regulator VK = 3 V, the following values are found.
R1 =
5V – 1.05V – 3V
= 316(Ω) (330Ω from E24 series)
2.5mA + 0.5mA
R2 =
1.05V
= 2.1(kΩ) (2.2kΩ from E24 series)
0.5mA
Next, assume that R3 = R4 = 10 kΩ. This gives a 5 V output. If R5 = 3.3 kΩ and C1 = 0.022 µF, the
following values are found.
G2 = 3.3 kΩ / 10 kΩ = 0.33 times (–10 dB)
f1 = 1 / (2 × π × 0.022 µF × 316 × 10 kΩ) = 2.3 (Hz)
f2 = 1 / (2 × π × 0.022 µF × 3.3 kΩ) = 2.2 (kHz)
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 19 of 24
HA17431 Series
Package Dimensions
As of January, 2002
0.65
Unit: mm
+ 0.10
0.16 – 0.06
2.8
0 – 0.1
0.65
0.95
0.95
+ 0.2
– 0.6
1.5 ± 0.15
0.10
0.4 +– 0.05
1.9 ± 0.2
+ 0.2
1.1 – 0.1
0.3
2.95 ± 0.2
Hitachi Code
JEDEC
JEITA
Mass (reference value)
MPAK
—
Conforms
0.011 g
As of January, 2002
Unit: mm
1.9 ± 0.2
0.95
0.16
+ 0.1
– 0.05
0.2
2.8 +– 0.3
+ 0.2
0.6 1.6 – 0.1
0.6
0.95
0 – 0.1
+ 0.1
5 – 0.4 – 0.05
+ 0.2
1.1 – 0.1
0.3
2.9 ± 0.2
Hitachi Code
JEDEC
JEITA
Mass (reference value)
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 20 of 24
MPAK-5
—
—
0.015 g
HA17431 Series
As of January, 2002
Unit: mm
4.5 ± 0.1
1.5 ± 0.1
0.44 Max
1.5 1.5
3.0
(0.2)
(2.5)
0.44 Max
0.8 Min
0.53 Max
0.48 Max
(1.5)
(0.4)
φ1
2.5 ± 0.1
4.25 Max
0.4
1.8 Max
Hitachi Code
JEDEC
JEITA
Mass (reference value)
UPAK
—
Conforms
0.050 g
As of January, 2002
Unit: mm
4.85
4.4
5.25 Max
5
8
1
0.75 Max
*0.22 ± 0.05
0.20 ± 0.04
2.03 Max
4
0.25
6.50 +– 0.15
1.05
*0.42 ± 0.08
0.40 ± 0.06
0.10 ± 0.10
0˚ – 8˚
1.27
0.25
0.60 +– 0.18
0.15
0.12 M
*Dimension including the plating thickness
Base material dimension
Hitachi Code
JEDEC
JEITA
Mass (reference value)
FP-8D
—
Conforms
0.10 g
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 21 of 24
HA17431 Series
As of January, 2002
Unit: mm
4.8 ± 0.3
2.3 Max
0.7
0.60 Max
0.55 Max
12.7 Min
5.0 ± 0.2
3.8 ± 0.3
0.5 Max
1.27
2.54
Hitachi Code
JEDEC
JEITA
Mass (reference value)
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 22 of 24
TO-92 (1)
Conforms
Conforms
0.25 g
HA17431 Series
As of January, 2002
Unit: mm
4.8 ± 0.4
0.65 ± 0.1
0.75 Max
0.7
0.60 Max
0.55 Max
10.1 Min
2.3 Max
8.0 ± 0.5
3.8 ± 0.4
0.5 Max
1.27
2.54
Hitachi Code
JEDEC
JEITA
Mass (reference value)
TO-92 Mod
—
Conforms
0.35 g
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 23 of 24
HA17431 Series
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4. Design your application so that the product is used within the ranges guaranteed by Hitachi particularly
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Copyright © Hitachi, Ltd., 2002. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.
Colophon 6.0
Rev.1, Sep. 2002, page 24 of 24