February 1997 ML6599* Hot-Insertable Active SCSI Terminator GENERAL DESCRIPTION FEATURES The ML6599 BiCMOS 9 line SCSI terminator provides active termination in SCSI systems using single ended drivers and receivers. Active SCSI termination helps to effectively control analog transmission line effects such as ringing, noise, crosstalk, and ground bounce. In addition, the ML6599 provides support for hot-insertability on the SCSI bus. ■ ■ ■ ■ The ML6599 provides a V-I characteristic optimized to minimize transmission line effects during both signal negation and assertion using a MOSFET-based architecture. The desired V-I characteristic is achieved by trimming one resistor in the control block. Internal clamping controls signal assertion transients and provides current sink capability to handle active negation driver overshoots above 2.85V. It provides a 2.85V reference through an internal low dropout (1V) linear regulator. ■ ■ ■ ■ The ML6599 also provides a disconnect function which effectively removes the terminator from the SCSI bus. The disconnect mode capacitance is typically less than 5pF per line. Current limiting and thermal shutdown protection are also included. ■ Fully monolithic IC solution providing active termination for 9 lines of the SCSI bus Provides on board support for hot-insertability on the SCSI bus Low dropout voltage (1V) linear regulator, trimmed for accurate termination current Output capacitance typically < 5pF Disconnect mode — logic pin to disconnect terminator from the SCSI bus, <100µA Current sinking — can sink current in excess of 10mA per line to handle active negation driver overshoots above 2.85V Negative clamping on all lines to handle signal assertion transients Regulator can source 200mA and sink 100mA while maintaining regulation Current limit & thermal shutdown protection *Some Packages Are Obsolete BLOCK DIAGRAM TERMPWR VREF DISCNKT 2.85V LINEAR REGULATOR 1V DROPOUT 2.85V GND RTRIM VREF CONTROL BLOCK MOSFETs WITH IMAX = 24mA ... ... ... ... NCLAMP NCLAMP NCLAMP L1 L2 ... L9 9 TERMINATION LINES NCLAMP = Negative Clamp 1 ML6599 PIN CONFIGURATION 16-Pin SOIC 20-Pin TSSOP TERMPWR 1 16 L9 TERMPWR 1 20 L9 NC 2 15 L8 HS 2 19 L8 NC 3 14 L7 NC 3 18 HS GND 4 13 VREF GND 4 17 L7 DISCNKT 5 12 L6 NC 5 16 VREF NC 6 11 L5 DISCNKT 6 15 L6 L1 7 10 L4 NC 7 14 L5 L2 8 9 L3 HS 8 13 L4 L1 9 12 HS L2 10 11 L3 PIN DESCRIPTION NAME TERMPWR NOTE : 2 DESCRIPTION Termination Power. Should be connected to the SCSI TERMPWR line. A 10µF tantalum local bypass capacitor is recommended per system, as shown in the application diagram NAME VREF 2.85VREF Output. External decoupling with a 10µF tantalum in parallel with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor is recommended, as shown in the application diagram. DISCNKT Disconnect Terminator. Logic input to disconnect the terminator from the bus when the SCSI device no longer needs termination due to not being the last device on the bus or otherwise. Active low input. L1 Signal Termination 1. SCSI Bus line 1 L2 Signal Termination 2. SCSI Bus line 2 L3 Signal Termination 3. SCSI Bus line 3 L4 Signal Termination 4. SCSI Bus line 4 L5 Signal Termination 5. SCSI Bus line 5 GND L6 Signal Termination 6. SCSI Bus line 6 HS L7 Signal Termination 7. SCSI Bus line 7 L8 Signal Termination 8. SCSI Bus line 8 L9 Signal Termination 9. SCSI Bus line 9 The DISCNKT line has a 200kΩ internal pullup resistor connected to the supply. This pin should be left floating for normal operation and should be connected to ground to enable the function. DESCRIPTION Ground. Signal ground (0V) Heat Sink Ground. Should be connected to GND. ML6599 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS OPERATING CONDITIONS Signal Line Voltage .................. –0.3 to TERMPWR + 0.3V Regulator Output Current ......................... –100 to 300mA TERMPWR Voltage ........................................... –0.3 to 7V Storage Temperature ................................. –65°C to 150°C Soldering Temperature ................................ 260°C for 10s Thermal Impedance (θJA) SOIC ................................................................ 95°C/W TSSOP ............................................................ 110°C/W TERMPWR Voltage ........................................ 4V to 5.25V Operating Temperature ................................. 0°C to 70°C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Unless otherwise stated, these specifications apply for 4V ≤ TERMPWR ≤ 5.25V, and TA = 0°C to 70°C (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS L1–L9 = open, DISCNKT = open 4.5 5.5 mA L1–L9 = 0.2 V, DISCNKT = open 225 250 mA DISCNKT = 0 (active) 75 100 µA 1.0 V Supply TERMPWR Supply Current Disconnect Mode Current DISCNKT Input Low Voltage Input High Voltage TERMPWR – 1.0 V Output Output High Voltage Measuring each signal line while other eight are high 2.8 2.85 2.9 V Output Current (Normal Mode) VOUT = 0.2V, Measuring each signal line while the other eight are high 20 24 mA Hot Insertion Peak Current TERMPWR = 0V, VREF = 0V Any signal line (L1–L9) at 2.85V 1 2 µA Output Clamp Level IOUT = –30mA (Note 2) –0.15 0 0.15 V Sinking Current (per line) VOUT = 3.3V (per line) 10 12 Output Capacitance (Micro Linear Method) L1 thru L9, DISCNKT = 0 2VP-P 100kHz square wave applied biased at 1V D.C. 4 5 pF Output Capacitance (X3T9.2/855D method) L1 thru L9, DISCNKT = 0 0.4VP-P, 1MHz square wave applied biased at 0.5V D.C. 6 7 pF mA Regulator Output Voltage Sourcing 0-200mA 2.8 2.85 2.9 V Sinking 0-100mA 2.8 2.85 2.9 V Sinking Current V = 3.5V 125 150 mA Short Circuit Current VREF = 0V 150 mA VREF = 5V 300 mA L1–L9 = 0.2V 1.0 Dropout Voltage Thermal Shutdown Note 1: 170 1.2 V °C Limits are guaranteed by 100% testing, sampling, or correlation with worst case test conditions. 3 ML6599 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION SCSI terminators are used to decrease the transmission line effects of SCSI cable. Termination must be provided at the beginning and end of the SCSI bus to ensure that data errors due to reflections on the bus are eliminated. With the increasing use of higher data rates and cable lengths in SCSI subsystems, active termination has become necessary. Active termination also minimizes power dissipation and can be activated or deactivated under software control, thus eliminating the need for end user intervention. The V-I characteristics of popular SCSI termination schemes are shown in Figure 1. Theoretically, the desired V-I characteristics are the Boulay type for signal assertion (high to low) and the ideal type for signal negation (low to high). The ML6599 with its MOSFETbased nonlinear termination element provides the most optimum V-I characteristics for both signal assertion and negation. V 2.85V 2.7V IDEAL ML6599 BOULAY HOT-INSERTABILITY 220/330 0.2V 20mA 40mA 24mA 48mA Figure 1. V-1 Characteristics of Various SCSI Termination Schemes 4 The ML6599 SCSI terminator provides an active low control signal (DISCNKT) which has an internal 200kΩ pull-up resistor. The DISCNKT input isolates the ML6599 from the signal lines and effectively removes the terminator from the SCSI bus with a disconnect mode current of less than 100µA when pulled low. In addition, the ML6599 provides for negative clamping of signal transients and also supports current sink capability in excess of 10mA per signal line to handle active negation driver overshoot above 2.85V, a common occurrence with SCSI transceivers. Disconnect mode capacitance is a very critical parameter in SCSI systems. The ML6599 provides a capacitance contribution of only 5pF. 2.5V TERMINATOR (SOURCE) DRIVER (SINK) The ML6599 provides active termination for 9 signal lines, thus accommodating basic SCSI which requires 9 lines to be terminated. When used with the ML6599, wide SCSI, which requires 27, 36 or 45 lines to be terminated, can also be accommodated. The ML6599 integrates an accurate voltage reference (1V dropout voltage) and 9 MOSFET-based termination lines. A single internal resistor is trimmed to tune the V-I characteristic of the MOSFETs. The voltage reference circuit produces a precise 2.85V level and is capable of sourcing 24mA into each of the nine terminating lines when low (active). When the signal line is negated (driver turns off), the terminator pulls the signal line back to 2.85V. The regulator will source 200mA and sink 100mA while maintaining regulation of 2.85V. I “Hot” insertion of a SCSI device refers to the act of plugging a SCSI device which is initially unpowered into a powered SCSI bus. The SCSI device subsequently draws power from the TERMPWR line during its startup routine and thereafter. “Hot” removal refers to the act of removing a powered SCSI device from a powered SCSI bus. A device which performs both tasks with no physical damage to itself or other devices on the bus, nor which alters the existing state of the bus by drawing excessive currents, is termed “hot-swappable.” The ML6599 hot-insertable SCSI terminator typically draws 1µA from any given output line (L1–L9) during a hot-insertion/removal procedure, thereby protecting itself and preserving the state of the bus. The low insertion current is achieved by effectively shorting the gate to drain of the output PMOS device until the 2.85V reference (VREF) has powered up. A second PMOS in series with a Schottky diode is used as the shorting bypass device. After VREF reaches a sufficient level, the bypass device is turned off and the part operates normally. Figure 2 gives an application diagram showing a typical SCSI bus configuration. To ensure proper operation, the TERMPWR pin must be connected to the SCSI TERMPOWER line. As outlined in Annex G of the ANSI SCSI-3 Parallel Interface Specification (X3T9.2/855D), “The SCSI bus termination shall be external to the device being inserted or removed.” In other words, any terminator connected to a device ML6599 being hot-inserted/removed should be inactive (accomplished by grounding the DISCNKT pin in the case of the ML6599). If the terminator being inserted/removed were in the active state, at some point in time the bus would be terminated by either 1 or 3 terminators. In either case, data integrity on the bus will be compromised. Figure 2 gives an application diagram showing a typical SCSI bus configuration. To ensure proper operation, the TERMPWR pin must be connected to the SCSI TERMPOWER line. Each ML6599 requires parallel 0.1µF and 10µF capacitors connected between the VREF and GND pins and the TERMPOWER line needs a 10µF bypass capacitor at each node in the system. In an 8-bit wide SCSI bus arrangement (“A” Cable), two ML6599s would be needed at each end of the SCSI cable in order to terminate the 9 active signal lines. 16-bit wide SCSI would use three ML6599s, while 32-bit wide SCSI bus would require five ML6599s. In a typical SCSI subsystem, the open collector driver in the SCSI transceiver pulls low when asserted. The termination resistance serves as the pull-up when negated. Figure 2 also shows a typical cable response to a pulse. The receiving end of the cable will exhibit a single time delay. When negated, the initial step will reach an intermediate level (VSTEP). With higher SCSI data rates, sampling could occur during this step portion. In order to get the most noise margin, the step needs to be as high as possible to prevent false triggering. For this reason the regulator voltage and the resistor defining the MOSFET characteristic are trimmed to ensure that the IO is as close as possible to the SCSI maximum current specification. VSTEP is defined as: V STEP = VOL + (IO × ZO) where VOL is the driver output low voltage, IO is the current from the receiving terminator, and ZO is the characteristic impedance of the cable. This is a very important characteristic that the terminator helps to overcome by increasing the noise margin and boosting the step as high as possible. TERMPWR LINE ML6599 ML6599 TERMPWR TERMPWR VREF VREF SCSI CABLE 0.1µF 10µF GND L9 DISCNKT DISCNKT ... L1 L2 L2 L1 SCSI XCVR GND ... L9 ... SCSI XCVR ... SCSI XCVR 0.1µF 10µF VREG VREG VSTEP VOL tD tD LINE ASSERTED LINE NEGATED Figure 2. Application Diagram Showing Typical SCSI Bus Configuration with the ML6599 5 ML6599 TRANSIENT RESPONSE (ACTUAL) (Approximately 110Ω, 10 feet long, ribbon cable stock) 2.0V 0.8V 2 V1(2) = 796.9mV 6 V2(2) = 2.0V ∆V(2) = 1.203V ML6599 PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS inches (millimeters) Package: T20 20-Pin TSSOP 0.251 - 0.262 (6.38 - 6.65) 20 0.169 - 0.177 (4.29 - 4.50) 0.246 - 0.258 (6.25 - 6.55) PIN 1 ID 1 0.026 BSC (0.65 BSC) 0.043 MAX (1.10 MAX) 0º - 8º 0.008 - 0.012 (0.20 - 0.30) 0.033 - 0.037 (0.84 - 0.94) SEATING PLANE 0.020 - 0.028 (0.51 - 0.71) 0.002 - 0.006 (0.05 - 0.15) 0.004 - 0.008 (0.10 - 0.20) Package: S16W 16-Pin Wide SOIC 0.400 - 0.414 (10.16 - 10.52) 16 0.291 - 0.301 0.398 - 0.412 (7.39 - 7.65) (10.11 - 10.47) PIN 1 ID 1 0.024 - 0.034 (0.61 - 0.86) (4 PLACES) 0.050 BSC (1.27 BSC) 0.095 - 0.107 (2.41 - 2.72) 0º - 8º 0.090 - 0.094 (2.28 - 2.39) 0.012 - 0.020 (0.30 - 0.51) SEATING PLANE 0.005 - 0.013 (0.13 - 0.33) 0.022 - 0.042 (0.56 - 1.07) 0.009 - 0.013 (0.22 - 0.33) 7 ML6599 ORDERING INFORMATION PART NUMBER ML6599CS ML6599CT TEMPERATURE RANGE 0°C to 70°C 0°C to 70°C PACKAGE 16-pin SOIC (S16W) (Obsolete) 20-pin TSSOP (T20) © Micro Linear 1997 is a registered trademark of Micro Linear Corporation Products described herein may be covered by one or more of the following patents: 4,897,611; 4,964,026; 5,027,116; 5,281,862; 5,283,483; 5,418,502; 5,508,570; 5,510,727; 5,523,940; 5,546,017; 5,559,470; 5,565,761; 5,594,376. Other patents are pending. Micro Linear reserves the right to make changes to any product herein to improve reliability, function or design. Micro Linear does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product described herein, neither does it convey any license under its patent right nor the rights of others. The circuits contained in this data sheet are offered as possible applications only. Micro Linear makes no warranties or representations as to whether the illustrated circuits infringe any intellectual property rights of others, and will accept no responsibility or liability for use of any application herein. The customer is urged to consult with appropriate legal counsel before deciding on a particular application. 8 2092 Concourse Drive San Jose, CA 95131 Tel: 408/433-5200 Fax: 408/432-0295 DS6599-01