LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 D D D D D D Output Voltage Range Adjustable From 1.2 V to 37 V Output Current Greater Than 1.5 A Internal Short-Circuit Current Limiting Thermal Overload Protection Output Safe-Area Compensation Package Options Include Plastic Small-Outline Transistor SOT-223 (DCY), Flange Mounted (KTE) and Heat-Sink Mounted (KC) Packages KC PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) INPUT OUTPUT ADJUST The OUTPUT terminal is in electrical contact with the mounting base. TO-220AB IO A description The LM317 is an adjustable three-terminal positive-voltage regulator capable of supplying more than 1.5 A over an output-voltage range of 1.2 V to 37 V. It is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Furthermore, both line and load regulation are better than standard fixed regulators. The LM317 is packaged in the KC (TO-220AB) and KTE packages, which are easy to handle and use. In addition to having higher performance than fixed regulators, this device includes on-chip current limiting, thermal overload protection, and safe-operating-area protection. All overload protection remains fully functional, even if the ADJUST terminal is disconnected. KTE PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) INPUT OUTPUT ADJUST The OUTPUT terminal is in electrical contact with the mounting base. I The LM317 is versatile in its applications, including uses in programmable output regulation and local on-card regulation. Or, by connecting a fixed resistor between the ADJUST and OUTPUT terminals, the LM317 can function as a precision current regulator. An optional output capacitor can be added to improve transient response. The ADJUST terminal can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple-rejection ratios, which are difficult to achieve with standard three-terminal regulators. O A DCY PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) INPUT OUTPUT The LM317 is characterized for operation over the virtual junction temperature range of 0°C to 125°C. ADJUST Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGED DEVICES TJ HEAT-SINK (DCY)† HEAT-SINK MOUNTED, TO-220 (KC) PLASTIC FLANGE MOUNTED, POWER FLEX (KTE)‡ 0°C to 125°C LM317DCY LM317KC LM317KTER † The DCY package also is available taped and reeled, e.g., LM317DCYR. ‡ The KTE package has the same footprint as TO-263 and can be mounted on a TO-263 land pattern. The KTE package is only available taped and reeled. schematic diagram INPUT OUTPUT ADJUST absolute maximum ratings over virtual junction temperature range (unless otherwise noted)§ Input-to-output differential voltage, VI – VO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 V Package thermal impedance, θJA (see Notes 1 and 2): DCY package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49°C/W (see Notes 1 and 3): KC package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25°C/W (see Notes 1 and 2): KTE package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23°C/W Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C § Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/θJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can affect reliability. 2. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51-5. 3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51-7. recommended operating conditions 2 VI – VO IO Input-to-output voltage differential TJ Operating virtual junction temperature MIN MAX 3 37 1.5 A 0 125 °C Output current POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 UNIT V LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 electrical characteristics over recommended ranges of operating virtual junction temperature (unless otherwise noted) TEST CONDITIONS† PARAMETER Input voltage (line) regulation‡ Output voltage g (load) regulation Thermal regulation VI – VO = 3 V to 40 V IO = 10 mA to 1500 mA 20-ms pulse, MIN TJ = 25°C TJ = 0°C to 125°C TYP MAX 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.07 25 mV 0.5 %VO mV VO ≤ 5 V VO ≥ 5 V 0.1 TJ = 0°C to 125°C VO ≤ 5 V VO ≥ 5 V 20 70 0.3 1.5 0.03 0.07 %VO %VO/W 50 100 µA 0.2 5 µA 1.25 1.3 V TJ = 25°C Change in ADJUST terminal current VI – VO = 2.5 V to 40 V, PD ≤ 20 W, IO = 10 mA to 1500 mA Reference voltage (Vref) (OUTPUT to ADJUST) VI – VO = 3 V to 40 V, PD ≤ 20 W, IO = 10 mA to 1500 mA Output-voltage temperature stability TJ = 0°C to 125°C 0.7 Minimum load current to maintain regulation VI – VO = 40 V 3.5 Peak output current VI – VO ≤ 15 V, PD < PMAX (see Note 1) VI – VO ≤ 40 V, PD < PMAX (see Note 1), TJ = 25°C Output noise voltage (RMS) f = 10 HZ to 10 kHZ, VO = 10 V, V %/V CADJ = 10 µF µ §, TJ = 25°C ADJUST terminal current Ripple rejection UNIT 1.2 1.5 2.2 0.15 0.4 TJ = 25°C f = 120 HZ 0.003 CADJ = 0 µF§ CADJ = 10 µF§ 57 62 64 %VO 10 mA A %VO dB Long-term stability TJ = 25°C 0.3 1 %/1k Hrs † Unless otherwise noted, the following test conditions apply: |VI – VO| = 5 V and IOMAX = 1.5 A, TJ = 0°C to 125°C. Pulse testing techniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. ‡ Input regulation is expressed here as the percentage change in output voltage per 1-V change at the input. § CADJ is connected between the ADJUST terminal and GND. NOTE 4: Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/θJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can affect reliability. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION LM317 VI VO OUTPUT INPUT ADJUST R1 240 Ω Cin (Note A) 0.1 µF Vref = 1.25 V IAdj CO (Note B) 1.0 µF R2 NOTES: A. Cin is not required if the regulator is close enough to the power-supply filter. B. CO improves transient response, but is not needed for stability. Vout is calculated as: V out +V ref ǒ ) Ǔ) 1 R2 R1 (I Adj R2) Since IAdj is typically 50 µA, it is negligible in most applications. Figure 1. Adjustable Voltage Regulator LM317 +35 V VO OUTPUT INPUT ADJUST R1 120 Ω –10 V C1 0.1 µF ǒ) Vout is calculated as: V out +V ref 1 R2 Ǔ ) R3 ) I R1 Adj(R2 R3 680 Ω R2 3 kΩ ) R3) – 10 V Since IAdj is typically 50 µA, it is negligible in most applications. Figure 2. 0-V to 30-V Regulator Circuit 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION LM317 VI INPUT VO OUTPUT ADJUST R1 240 Ω D1 1N4002 (see Note A) C1 0.1 µF C3 1 µF R2 5 kΩ C2 10 µF NOTE A: D1 discharges C2 if the output is shorted to ground. Figure 3. Adjustable Regulator Circuit With Improved Ripple Rejection LM317 VI INPUT I limit OUTPUT R1 ADJUST + 1.2 R1 Figure 4. Precision Current-Limiter Circuit R2 720 Ω ADJUST VI INPUT R1 240 Ω OUTPUT LM317 LM317 OUTPUT INPUT R3 120 Ω ADJUST C1 0.1 µF VO C2 1 µF Output Adjust R4 1 kΩ Figure 5. Tracking Preregulator Circuit POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION LM317 OUTPUT INPUT VI ADJUST VO R1 1.2 kΩ R2 20 kΩ Figure 6. 1.2-V to 20-V Regulator Circuit With Minimum Program Current LM317 VI INPUT LM317 VO† OUTPUT INPUT VI R1 120 Ω ADJUST OUTPUT LM317 VO† VI ADJUST INPUT OUTPUT ADJUST R2 1 kΩ † Minimum load current from each output is 10 mA. All output voltages are within 200 mV of each other. Figure 7. Adjusting Multiple On-Card Regulators With a Single Control LM317 VI INPUT RS 0.2 Ω (see Note A) OUTPUT R1 240 Ω ADJUST R2 2.4 kΩ ǒ) Ǔ NOTE A: RS controls the output impedance of the charger. Z OUT R S 1 R2 R1 The use of RS allows for low charging rates with a fully charged battery. + Figure 8. Battery-Charger Circuit 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 VO† LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION LM317 VI INPUT 24 Ω OUTPUT ADJUST Figure 9. 50-mA Constant-Current Battery-Charger Circuit LM317 VI INPUT OUTPUT VO = 15 V R1 240 Ω ADJUST D1 1N4002 R3 50 kΩ R2 2.7 kΩ 2N2905 C1 25 µF Figure 10. Slow Turn-On 15-V Regulator Circuit LM317 VI INPUT OUTPUT ADJUST 480 Ω 12 VI(PP) ADJUST VI INPUT 120 Ω 120 Ω 480 Ω 6 VO(PP) 2 W (TYP) OUTPUT LM317 Figure 11. AC Voltage-Regulator Circuit POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION LM317 VI+ INPUT OUTPUT ADJUST R1 240 Ω R2 1.1 kΩ R3 (see Note A) VI– NOTE A: R3 sets the peak current (0.6 A for a 1-Ω resistor). Figure 12. Current-Limited 6-V Charger Circuit LM317 VI INPUT 0.2 Ω OUTPUT ADJUST LM317 INPUT 0.2 Ω OUTPUT ADJUST 4.5 V to 25 V LM317 INPUT 0.2 Ω OUTPUT ADJUST 5 kΩ 100 Ω 5 kΩ _ TL080 + 2N2905 150 Ω 200 pF 1.5 kΩ Figure 13. Adjustable 4-A Regulator Circuit 8 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 LM317 3-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR SLVS044H – SEPTEMBER 1997 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION TIP73 2N2905 VI 500 Ω 5 kΩ 22 Ω LM317 INPUT VO OUTPUT ADJUST 120 Ω 1N4002 10 µF 10 µF (see Note B) See Note A 47 µF NOTES: A. The minimum load current is 30 mA. B. This optional capacitor improves ripple rejection. Figure 14. High-Current Adjustable Regulator Circuit POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. 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