Fairchild FAN5602MU33X Universal (step-up/step-down) charge pump regulated dc/dc converter Datasheet

www.fairchildsemi.com
FAN5602
Universal (Step-Up/Step-Down) Charge Pump
Regulated DC/DC Converter
Features
Description
• Low Noise Constant Frequency Operation at Heavy Load
• High Efficiency Pulse-Skip (PFM) Operation at Light
Load
• Adaptive Seven Switch Configurations (1:3, 1:2, 2:3, 1:1,
3:2, 2:1, 3:1)
• 92% Peak Efficiency
• Input Voltage Range: 2.7V to 5.5V
• Output Current:3.3V, 200mA at VIN = 3.6V
• ±3% Output Voltage Accuracy
• ICC < 1µA in Shutdown Mode
• 1MHz Operating Frequency
• Shutdown Isolates Output from Input
• Soft-Start Limits Inrush Current at Start-up
• Short Circuit and Over Temperature Protection
• Minimum External Component Count
• No Inductors
The FAN5602 is a universal switched capacitor DC/DC converter capable of step-up or step-down operation. Due to its
unique adaptive fractional switching topology, the device
achieves high efficiency over a wider input/output voltage
range than any of its predecessors. The FAN5602 utilizes
resistance modulated loop control, which produces lower
switching noise than other topologies. Depending upon
actual load conditions, the device automatically switches
between constant frequency and pulse skipping (PFM)
modes of operation in order to extend battery life. The
FAN5602 produces a fixed regulated output within the range
of 2.7V to 5.5V from any type of voltage source. High efficiency is achieved under any input/output voltage conditions
because an internal logic circuitry automatically reconfigures
the system to the best possible topology. Only two 1µF
bucket capacitors and one 10µF output capacitor are needed.
During power on soft start circuitry prevents excessive current drawn from the supply. The device is protected against
short circuit and over temperature conditions.
Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cell Phones
Handheld Computers
Portable RF Communication Equipment
Core Supply to Low Power Processors
Low Voltage DC Bus
DSP Supplies
The FAN5602 is available with 3.3V, 4.5V, and 5.0V output
voltage. Any other output voltage option within the 1.5V to
5V range is available upon request. The FAN5602 is available in 8-lead MSOP and 3x3mm 8-lead MLP packages
Typical Application
Input 2.7V to 5.5V
VIN
ENABLE
1
C2+
CIN
CB
C2-
GND
2
FAN5602
8
6
3
7
4
5
C1+
VOUT
COUT
C1-
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Pin Assignment
TOP VIEW
VIN
1
8
ENABLE
C2+
2
7
C1+
C2-
3
6
VOUT
GND
4
5
C1-
VIN
ENABLE
C2+
C1+
C2-
VOUT
GND
C1-
8-Lead MSOP
3x3mm 8-Lead MLP
FAN5602
Pin Description
2
Pin No.
Pin Name
Pin Description
1
VIN
Supply Voltage Input
2
C2+
Bucket Capacitor2 Positive Connection
3
C2-
4
GND
Bucket Capacitor2 Negative Connection
5
C1-
6
VOUT
Regulated Output Voltage. Bypass this pin with 10µF ceramic low ESR capacitor.
7
C1+
Bucket Capacitor1 Positive Connection
8
ENABLE
Ground
Bucket Capacitor1 Negative Connection
Enable Input. Logic high enables the chip and logic low disables the chip, reducing
the supply current to less than 1µA. Do not float this pin.
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Parameter
Min
VIN,VOUT, ENABLE Voltage to GND
Voltage at C1+, C1-, C2+, and C2- to GND
Typ
Max
Unit
-0.3
6.0
V
-0.3
VIN + 0.3
V
Power Dissipation
Internally
Limited
Lead Soldering Temperature (10 seconds)
300
°C
Junction Temperature
150
°C
150
°C
Storage Temperature
-55
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection (Note 2)
HBM
2
CDM
2
kV
Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Conditions
Max
Unit
5.5
V
30
mA
3.3V, VIN = 3.6V
200
mA
4.5 & 5.0V, VIN = 3.6V
100
mA
85
°C
Input Voltage
Load Current (Note 3)
Ambient Temperature
Min
1.8
Typ
VIN < 2V
-40
Notes:
1. Operation beyond the absolute maximum rating may cause permanent damage to device.
2. Using Mil Std. 883E, method 3015.7(Human Body Model) and EIA/JESD22C101-A (Charge Device Model).
3. Refer to “load Current Capability vs Input Voltage” in “Typical Performance Characteristics”.
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
3
FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
DC Electrical Characteristics
VIN = 2.7V to 5.5V, C1 = C2 = 1µF, CIN = COUT = 10µF, ENABLE = VIN, TA = -40 °C to +85 °C unless otherwise
noted. Typical values are at TA = 25°C.
Parameter
Conditions
Input Undervoltage Lockout
Output Voltage, VOUT
VIN ≥ 0.75 x VNOM,
0mA < ILOAD < 100mA
Quiescent Current
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
1.5
1.7
2.2
V
0.97 x VNOM VNOM 1.03 x VNOM
V
VIN ≥ 1.1 x VNOM,
ILOAD = 0mA
100
300
µA
Off Mode Supply Current
ENABLE = GND
0.1
1
µA
Output Short-circuit Current
VOUT < 150mV
200
mA
Efficiency
VIN = 0.85 x VNOM,
ILOAD = 30mA
3.3V
4.5V, 5.0V
80
VIN = 1.1 x VNOM,
ILOAD = 30mA
3.3V
90
4.5V, 5.0V
92
Oscillator Frequency
TA = 25°C
75
0.7
1.0
%
1.3
MHz
Thermal Shutdown Threshold
145
°C
Thermal Shutdown Threshold
Hysteresis
15
°C
ENABLE Logic Input High
Voltage, VIH
1.5
V
ENABLE Logic Input Low
Voltage, VIL
4
%
-1
0.5
V
1
µA
ENABLE Input Bias Current
ENABLE = VIN or GND
VOUT Turn On Time
VIN = 0.9 x VNOM,
ILOAD =0mA,
10% to 90%
0.5
mS
VOUT Ripple
VIN = 2.5V
ILOAD = 200mA
10
mVpp
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Typical Performance Characteristics
TA = 25°C, VOUT = 4.5V unless otherwise noted.
Shutdown Current vs Input Voltage
80
160
70
Shutdown Current (nA)
Quiescent Current (mA)
Quiescent Current vs Input Voltage
180
140
120
100
80
60
40
60
50
40
30
20
10
20
0
0
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
1
5.5
2
3
Input Voltage (V)
4
5
6
Input Voltage (V)
Line Regulation
Efficiency vs Input Voltage
100
4.55
90
80
ILOAD = 100mA
Vout = 4.5V
4.45
Efficiency
Output Voltage (V)
4.50
4.40
70
60
50
Load Current = 10mA
Load Current = 50mA
Load Current = 100mA
Load Current = 150mA
40
4.35
30
4.30
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
20
2.500
6.0
3.000
3.500
Input Voltage (V)
Load Regulation
4.500
5.000
5.500
Output Current Capability vs Input Voltage
4.6
700.0
600.0
4.5
Vin = 3.6V
Load Current (mA)
Output Voltage (V)
4.000
Input Voltage
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.1
∆VOUT < 10%
∆VOUT < 3%
500.0
400.0
300.0
200.0
100.0
0.0
4.0
1
50
100
150
200
250
Load Currrent (mA)
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
300
350
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Input Voltage (V)
5
FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont)
TA = 25°C, VOUT = 4.5V unless otherwise noted.
Output Voltage vs Ambient Temperture
Output Voltage vs Input Voltage
5
4.5
Load Current = 10mA
Output Voltage (V)
Output Voltage (V)
4.5
4
3.5
3
Load Current = 10mA
Load Current = 50mA
Load Current = 100mA
Load Current = 150mA
Load Current = 200mA
2.5
4.45
4.4
4.35
4.3
2
2
3
4
5
6
-60
-40
-20
0
Input Voltage (V)
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Ambient Temperature (C)
Peak Efficiency vs Load Current
Enable Threshold vs Input Voltage
80
1.4
1.3
Vin = 3.6V
Enable (V)
Efficiency (%)
75
70
1.2
1.1
1
65
0.9
60
0.8
0
50
100
150
200
250
2
300
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
Input Voltage (V)
Load Current (mA)
Mode Change Threshold and Hysteresis
Mode Change Threshold (V)
5.5
Mode 1
5
4.5
Mode 2
4
3.5
3
Mode 3
2.5
Mode 4
2
0
50
100
150
200
Load Current (mA)
6
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont)
TA = 25°C, VOUT = 3.3V unless otherwise noted.
(50mV/div)
TA = 25°C
Output Voltage
COUT = 5µF
VIN = 3.0V
(100mA/div)
(50mV/div)
(100mA/div)
VIN = 3.7V
Load Transient Response (2:3 Mode)
Load Current
Output Voltage
Load Current
Load Transient Response (LDO Mode)
Time (10µs/div)
Time (10µs/div)
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
Output Voltage
(2.00 V/d)
(2.00 V/d)
Enable Delay
Enable
Output Voltage
(50mV/div)
(100mA/div)
Load Current
COUT = 5µF
TA = 25°C
Time (10µs/div)
Load Transient Response (1:2 Mode)
VIN = 2.5V, TA = 25°C
COUT = 5µF
Time (400µs/div)
7
FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont)
TA = 25°C, CIN = COUT =10µF, CB = 1µF, VOUT = 4.5V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 200 mA
Iout = 200 mA
Vin = 2.5 V
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Vin = 3.0
Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 200 mA
Vin = 3.6 V
Vin = 4.2 V
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Iout = 200 mA
Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
Output Ripple
Iout = 250 mA
Vin = 2.5 V
Vin = 3.0 V
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Iout = 250 mA
Time (100 us/div)
8
Output Ripple
Time (100 us/div)
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont)
TA = 25°C, CIN = COUT =10µF, CB = 1µF, VOUT = 4.5V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 250 mA
Vin = 3.6 V
Vin = 4.2 V
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Iout = 250 mA
Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 300 mA
Vin = 2.5 V
Vin = 3.0 V
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Iout = 300 mA
Time (100 us/div)
Time (100 us/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
Iout = 300 mA
Vin = 3.6 V
Vin = 4.2 V
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Output Ripple
(20 mV/div)
Iout = 300 mA
Time (100 us/div)
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
Time (100 us/div)
9
FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Block Diagram
VIN
ENABLE
C1-
C1+
BAND GAP
VOUT
FB
ERROR
AMP
SOFT START
BG
Light load
FB
S
W
I
T
C
H
Heavy Load
CURRENT
SENSE
EN
EN
C2+
PFM
BG
VIN
CONTROL LOGIC
REF
MODE
150mV
VOUT
SC
DRIVER
A
R
R
A
Y
C2-
1.6V
VIN
UVLO
OSCILLATOR
GND
VIN
VOUT
Functional Description
Linear Regulation Loop
FAN5602 is a high efficiency and low noise switched-capacitor DC/DC converter and is capable of both step-up and
step-down operations. It has seven built-in switch configurations. Based on the ratio of the input voltage to the output
voltage the FAN5602 automatically reconfigures the
switches to achieve the highest efficiency. The regulation of
the output is achieved by a linear regulation loop, which
modulates the on-resistance of the power transistors so that
the amount of charge transferred from the input to the flying
capacitor at each clock cycle is controlled and is equal to the
charge needed by the load. The current spike is reduced to
minimum. At light load the FAN5602 automatically switches
to PFM mode to save power. The regulation at PFM mode is
achieved by skipping pulses.
The FAN5602 operates at constant frequency at load higher
than 10mA. The linear regulation loop consisting of power
transistors, feedback (resistor divider) and error amplifier is
used to realize the regulation of the output voltage and to
reduce the current spike. The error amplifier takes feedback
and reference as inputs and generates the error voltage signal. The error voltage signal is then used as the gate voltage
of the power transistor and modulates the on-resistance of
the power transistor and therefore the charge transferred
from the input to the output is controlled and the regulation
of the output is realized. Since the charge transfer is controlled, the FAN5602 has small ESR spike.
10
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Switch Array
TOP
TOP
S1A
MID
S2A
C1
S2A
S1A
S1A
C1+
C1+
MID
C1
S3A
C1-
GND
C2
S3B
S5
C1-
Figure. 1a
Mode1(1:1)
C1+
S4B
C1-
GND
Figure. 1b
Mode2 (2:3 or 3:2):
All Switches set for phase 1
and reverse state for phase 2
TOP
TOP
S1A
C1+
S1B
S2A
C2+
S2B
C1-
S3A
S3B
S4A
S4B
C2
C2+
S1A
S2A
MID
C1
C1+
C1
MID
S2B
C2
S3B
C2-
C1-
S4A
S5
S4B
C2-
GND
Figure. 1c
Mode3 (1:2 or 2:1):
All Switches set for phase 1
and reverse state for phase 2
Switch Configurations
The FAN5602 has seven built-in switch configurations
including 1:1, 3:2, 2:1 and 3:1 for step-down and 2:3, 1:2
and 1:3 for step-up.
When 1.5 x VOUT > VIN > VOUT, 1:1 mode shown in Fig.
1(a) is used. In this mode the internal oscillator is turned off.
The power transistors connecting the input and the output
become pass transistors and their gate voltages are controlled
by the linear regulation loop, the rest of power transistors are
turned off. In this mode the FAN5602 operates exactly like a
low dropout (LDO) regulator and the ripple of the output is
in the micro-volt range.
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
Figure. 1d
Mode4 (1:3 or 3:1):
All Switches set for phase 1
and reverse state for phase 2
When 1.5 x VOUT > VIN > VOUT, 2:3 mode (step-up) shown
in Fig. 1(b) is used. In the charging phase two flying capacitors are placed in series and each capacitor is charged to a
half of the input voltage. In pumping phase the flying capacitors are placed in parallel. The input is connected to the bottom the capacitors so that the top of the capacitors is boosted
to a voltage equals VIN/2 + VIN, i.e., 3/2 x VIN. By connecting the top of the capacitors to the output, one can ideally
charge the output to 3/2 x VIN. If 3/2 x VIN is higher than the
needed VOUT, the linear regulation loop will adjust the onresistance to drop some voltage. Boosting the voltage of the
top of the capacitors to 3/2 x VIN by connecting VIN the bottom of the capacitors boosts the power efficiency 3/2 times.
In 2:3 mode the ideal power efficiency is VOUT/1.5 x VIN
(For example, if VIN = 2V, VOUT = 2 x VIN = 4V, the ideal
power efficiency is 100%).
11
FAN5602
When 2 x VIN > VOUT > 1.5 x VIN, 1:2 mode (step-up)
shown in Fig. 1(c) is used. Both in the charging phase and in
pumping phase two flying capacitors are placed in parallel.
In charging phase the capacitors are charged to the input
voltage. In the pumping phase the input voltage is placed to
the bottom the capacitors. The top of the capacitors is
boosted to 2 x VIN. By connecting the top of the capacitors to
the output, one can ideally charge the output to 2 x VIN.
Boosting the voltage on the top of the capacitors to 2Vin
boosts the power efficiency 2 times. In 1:2 mode the ideal
power efficiency is VOUT/2 x VIN (For example, VIN = 2V,
VOUT = 2 x VIN = 4V, the ideal power efficiency is 100%).
When 3 x VIN > VOUT > 2 x VIN, 1:3 mode (step-up) shown
in Fig. 1(d) is used. In charging phase two flying capacitors
are placed in parallel and each is charged to VIN. In the
pumping phase the two flying capacitors are placed in series
and the input is connected to the bottom of the series connected capacitors. The top of the series connected capacitors
is boosted to 3 x VIN. The ideal power efficiency is boosted 3
times and is equal to VOUT/3VIN (For example, VIN = 1V,
VOUT = 3 x VIN = 3V, the ideal power efficiency is 100%).
By connecting the output to the top of the series connected
capacitors, one can charge the output to 3 x VIN.
The internal logic in the FAN5602 monitors the input and the
output and compares them and automatically selects the
switch configuration to achieve the highest efficiency.
The step-down modes 3:2, 2:1 and 3:1 can be understood by
reversing the function of VIN and VOUT in the above discussion.
The reason for built-in so many modes is to improve power
efficiency and to extend the battery life. For example, if
VOUT = 5V, mode 1:2 needs a minimum VIN = 2.5V. By
built-in 1:3 mode, the minimum battery voltage is extended
to 1.7V.
Light Load Operation
The power transistors used in the charge pump are very large
in size. The dynamic loss from the switching the power transistors is not small and increases its proportion of the total
power consumption as the load gets light. To save power, the
FAN5602 switches, when the load is less than 10mA, from
12
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
constant frequency to pulse-skipping mode (PFM) for modes
2:3(3:2), 1:2(2:1) and 1:3(3:1) except mode 1:1. In PFM
mode the linear loop is disabled and the error amplifier is
turned off. A PFM comparator is used to setup an upper
threshold and a lower threshold for the output. When the output is lower than the lower threshold, the oscillator is turned
on and the charge pump starts working and keeps delivering
charges from the input to the output until the output is higher
than the upper threshold. Then shut off the oscillator, shut off
power transistors and deliver the charge to the output from
the output capacitor. PFM operation is not used for Mode 1:1
even if at light load. Mode 1:1 in the FAN5602 is designed as
a LDO with the oscillator off. The power transistors at LDO
mode are not switching and therefore do not have the
dynamic loss.
Switching from linear operation to PFM mode
(ILOAD<10mA) and from PFM to linear mode
(ILOAD>10mA) is automatic based on the load current,
which is monitored all the time.
Short Circuit
When the output voltage is lower than 150mV, the FAN5602
enters short circuit condition. In this condition all power
transistors are turned off. A small transistor shorting the
input and the output turns on and charges the output. This
transistor keeps on as long as the VOUT < 150mV. Since this
transistor is very small, the current from the input to the output is limited. Once the short at the output is eliminated, this
transistor is large enough to charge the output higher than
150mV and then the FAN5607 enters soft start period.
Soft Start
The FAN5602 uses a constant current charging a low pass
filter to generate a ramp. The ramp is used as reference voltage during the startup. Since the ramp starts at zero and goes
up slowly, the output follows the ramp and therefore inrush
current is restricted. When the ramp is higher than bandgap
voltage, the bandgap voltage supersedes ramp as reference
and the soft start is over. The soft start takes about 500µs.
Thermal Shutdown
The FAN5602 will go to thermal shutdown if the junction
temperature is over 150˚C with 15˚C hysteresis.
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Application Information
Using the FAN5602 to drive LCD backlighting
problem. The backlight and flash LEDs will still be able to
produce optimal brightness at the reduced regulation. When
building this circuit be sure to use ceramic capacitors with
low ESR. Also all capacitors should be placed as close as
possible to the FAN5602 in the PCB layout. Below is an
example circuit for a backlighting / Flash application.
The FAN5602 4.5 volt option is ideal for driving the backlighting and flash LEDs for any portable device. One
FAN5602 device can supply the roughly 150 mA that are
needed to power both the backlight and the flash LEDs.
Even thought drawing this much current from the FAN5602
will drive the part out of the 3% output regulation, it is not a
Vin
BATTERY
3.2 to 4.2V
10µF
FOL216CIW
Vout
FAN5602
10µF
50
1µF
FOL625CIW
50
50
50
20
1µF
BACKLIGHT
FLASH
Figure 2.
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
13
FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Mechanical Dimensions
8-Lead MSOP Package
0.118 ±0.004
[3 ±0.1]
SYMM
_ C_
8
0.193±0.004
0.118±0.004
[3±0.1]
[4.9±0.1]
(0.040)
TYP
[0.41]
1
(0.016)
[0.41] TYP
(0.0256) TYP
[0.65]
(0.0256)
TYP
[0.65]
PCB LAND PATTERN
GAGE PLANE(0.010)
[0.25]
0.007±0.002
TYP
[0.18±0.05]
0.030 - 0.037
[0.76 - 0.94]
0 -6
0.002 - 0.006 TYP
-
SEATING PLANE
0.012±0.002 TYP
D
_ C_
0.002[0.05] C
0.002[0.05] M
AS
ES
msop8 package.EPS
14
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5602
Mechanical Dimensions
3x3mm 8-Lead MLP Package
2.37
A
3.0
0.15 C
4
2X
1
B
1.99
1.42
3.30
3.0
(0.65)
5
0.15 C
0.65 TYP
8
0.47 TYP
2X
TOP VIEW
PCB LAND PATTERN
1.0 MAX
0.10 C
(0.20)
0.08 C
0.05
0.00
C
SIDE VIEW
SEATING
PLANE
PIN #1 IDENT
1
2.25
MAX.
4
0.45
0.20
1.30 MAX.
8
5
0.65
1.95
0.25~0.35
Ø0.10 M C A B
Ø0.05 M C
BOTTOM VIEW
NOTES:
A. CONFORMS TO JEDEC REGISTRATION MO-229,
VARIATION VEEC, DATED 11/2001
B. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
C. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER
ASME Y14.5M, 1994
REV. 1.1 10/7/04
15
FAN5602
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Ordering Information
Product Number
FAN5602
Package Type
Output Voltage, VNOM
Order Code
8-Lead MSOP
3.3V
FAN5602MU33X
3x3mm 8-Lead MLP
3.3V
FAN5602MP33X
3x3mm 8-Lead MLP
4.5V
FAN5602MP45X
3x3mm 8-Lead MLP
5.0V
FAN5602MP5X
DISCLAIMER
FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO
ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME
ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN;
NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS.
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
FAIRCHILD’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES
OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR
CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems
which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body,
or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to
perform when properly used in accordance with
instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be
reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the
user.
2. A critical component in any component of a life support
device or system whose failure to perform can be
reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support
device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
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2004 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
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