ML13135 FM Communications Receiver; Dual Conversion Narrowband FM Receiver Legacy Device: Motorola MC13135 The ML13135 is the second generation of single chip, dual conversion FM communications receivers developed by Motorola. Major improvements in signal handling, RSSI and first oscillator operation have been made. In addition, recovered audio distortion and audio drive have improved. These receivers offer low noise, high gain and stability over a wide operating voltage range, and Lansdale is pleased to continue to offer them. The ML13135 includes a Colpitts oscillator, VCO tuning diode, low noise first and second mixer and LO, high gain limiting IF, and RSSI. The ML13135 is designed for use with an LC quadrature detector and has an uncommitted op amp that can be used either for an RSSI buffer or as a data comparator. This device can be used as a stand–alone VHF receiver or as the lower IF of a triple conversion system. Applications include cordless telephones, short range data links, walkie–talkies, low cost land mobile, amateur radio receivers, baby monitors and scanners. 24 1 SO 24 = -6P 24 CASE 751E (SO–24L) 1 CROSS REFERENCE/ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE MOTOROLA LANSDALE P DIP 24 MC13135P ML13135LP SO 24 MC13135DW ML13135-6P Note: Lansdale lead free (Pb) product, as it becomes available, will be identified by a part number prefix change from ML to MLE. OPERATING FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • P DIP 24 = LP PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 724 Complete Dual Conversion FM Receiver – Antenna to Audio Output Input Frequency Range – 200 MHz Voltage Buffered RSSI with 70 dB of Usable Range Low Voltage Operation – 2.0 to 6.0 Vdc (2 Cell NiCad Supply) Low Current Drain – 3.5 mA Typ Low Impedance Audio Output < 25 Ω VHF Colpitts First LO for Crystal or VCO Operation Isolated Tuning Diode Buffered First LO Output to Drive CMOS PLL Synthesizer Operating Temperature Range TA = –40° to +85°C PIN CONNECTIONS 1st LO 1st LO Base 1 Varicap 24 Varicap C 23 Varicap A 22 1st Mixer In 1 21 1st Mixer In 2 20 1st Mixer Out 19 VCC2 18 2nd Mixer In 17 Audio Out 16 Op Amp Out 15 Op Amp In – Decouple 2 11 14 Op Amp In + RSSI 12 13 Quad Coil 1st LO Emitter 2 1st LO Out 3 VCC1 4 2nd LO Emitter 5 2nd LO Base 6 2nd Mixer Out 7 VEE 8 Limiter In 9 VCC1 2nd LO VCC2 AF Demod Decouple 1 10 Limiter The device contains 142 active transistors. Page 1 of 11 www.lansdale.com Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Pin Symbol Value Unit 4, 19 VCC (max) 6.5 Vdc RF Input Voltage 22 RFin 1.0 Vrms Junction Temperature – TJ +150 °C Storage Temperature Range – Tstg – 65 to +150 °C Power Supply Voltage RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Rating Pin Symbol Value Unit 4, 19 VCC 2.0 to 6.0 Vdc Maximum 1st IF – fIF1 21 MHz Maximum 2nd IF – fIF2 3.0 MHz Ambient Temperature Range – TA – 40 to + 85 °C Power Supply Voltage ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C, VCC = 4.0 Vdc, fo = 49.7 MHz, fMOD = 1.0 kHz, Deviation = ±3.0 kHz, f1stLO = 39 MHz, f2nd LO = 10.245 MHz, IF1 = 10.7 MHz, IF2 = 455 kHz, unless otherwise noted. All measurements performed in the test circuit of Figure 1.) Characteristic Condition Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Total Drain Current No Input Signal ICC – 4.0 6.0 mAdc Sensitivity (Input for 12 dB SINAD) Matched Input VSIN – 1.0 – µVrms VRF = 1.0 mV VRF = – 40 dBm AFO MXgain1 170 220 300 mVrms 1st Mixer Conversion Gain – 12 – dB 2nd Mixer Conversion Gain VRF = – 40 dBm MXgain2 – 13 – dB First LO Buffered Output – VLO – 100 – mVrms Total Harmonic Distortion VRF = – 30 dBm THD – 1.2 3.0 % Demodulator Bandwidth – BW – 50 – kHz RSSI Dynamic Range – RSSI – 70 – Recovered Audio First Mixer 3rd Order Intercept (Input) Second Mixer 3rd Order Intercept (RF Input) TOIMix1 Matched Unmatched dB dBm – – –17 –11 – – – – 27 – Matched Input TOIMix2 First LO Buffer Output Resistance – RLO – – – Ω First Mixer Parallel Input Resistance – R – 722 – Ω First Mixer Parallel Input Capacitance – C – 3.3 – pF First Mixer Output Impedance – ZO – 330 – Ω Second Mixer Input Impedance – ZI – 4.0 – kΩ Second Mixer Output Impedance – ZO – 1.8 – kΩ Detector Output Impedance – ZO – 25 – Ω Page 2 of 11 www.lansdale.com dBm Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. TEST CIRCUIT INFORMATION The recovered audio measurements for the ML13135 are made with an LC quadrature detector. The typical recovered audio will depend on the external circuit; either the Q of the quad coil, or the RC matching network for the ceramic discriminator. See Figures 10 and 11 for additional information. Since adding a matching circuit to the RF input increases the signal level to the mixer, the third order intercept (TOI) point is better with an unmatched input (50 Ω from Pin 21 to Pin 22). Typical values for both have been included in the Electrical Characterization Table. TOI measurements were taken at the pins with a high impedance probe/spectrum analyzer system. The first mixer input impedance was measured at the pin with a network analyzer. Figure 1a. ML13135 Test Circuit VCC 0.84 µH 1st LO 0.01 24 Varicap 1 0.1 Figure 1. 23 39.0 MHz Xtal 1.0 k 20 p 2 22 5.0 p 0.001 62 pF 3 21 VCC1 5.0 k 0.2 µH 0.01 4 0.1 20 5 120 p 50 p 10.245 MHz Xtal 2nd LO Ceramic Filter 10.7 MHz VCC2 6 19 0.1 7 9 AF Demod 10 0.1 0.1 360 18 8 Ceramic Filter 455 kHz 180 p RF Input 17 8.2 k 0.1 Limiter 16 11 39 k 15 0.1 14 12 0.1 13 39 k 455 kHz Quad Coil Page 3 of 11 www.lansdale.com Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. 1200 RSSI OUTPUT (mVdc, Pin 12) 5.0 4.0 3.0 RFin = 49.7 MHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz fDEV = ± 3.0 kHz 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 600 400 –120 –100 – 80 – 60 Figure 4. Varactor Capacitance, Resistance versus Bias Voltage Figure 5. Oscillator Frequency versus Varactor Bias 10 CP, f = 150 MHz 8.0 RP, f = 50 MHz 6.0 4.0 10 CP, f = 50 MHz 2.0 5.0 RP, f = 150 MHz 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 4.0 3.5 47.5 47.0 0.61 µH 46.5 46.0 500 p 1 1st LO 24 23 45.5 27 p 2 45.0 1.0 0.2 µF 1.0 MΩ VB Varicap 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 VB, VARACTOR BIAS VOLTAGE, VPin24 to VPin 23 (Vdc) VB, VARACTOR BIAS VOLTAGE (Vdc) Figure 6. Signal Levels versus RF Input Figure 7. Signal + Noise, Noise, and AM Rejection versus Input Power 6.0 10 S+N, N, AND AMR (dB) 10 Second Mixer Output POWER (dBm) 500 p 5.0 p S+N 0 –10 –30 First Mixer Output First Mixer Input –50 – 90 – 80 – 70 – 60 – 50 –10 – 20 – 30 – 40 – 30 – 20 S + N 30% AM – 40 – 50 – 60 Second Mixer Input – 70 –130 RFin, RF INPUT (dBm) Page 4 of 11 – 20 48.0 30 – 70 –100 – 40 RF INPUT (dBm) 15 0 0.5 800 VCC = 4.0 V RFin = 49.67 MHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz fDEV = ± 3.0 kHz VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 25 20 1000 200 –140 8.0 f, FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 0 C P , EQUIVALENT PARALLEL CAPACITANCE (pF) Figure 3. RSSI Output versus RF Input 1400 R P , EQUIVALENT PARALLEL RESISTANCE (k Ω) I CC , SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) Figure 2. Supply Current versus Supply Voltage 6.0 VCC = 4.0 Vdc RFin = 49.67 MHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz fDEV = ± 3.0 kHz –110 N – 90 – 70 – 50 – 30 RFin, RF INPUT (dBm) www.lansdale.com Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. Figure 8. Op Amp Gain and Phase versus Frequency Figure 9. First Mixer Third Order Intermodulation (Unmatched Input) 50 160 –10 200 – 30 240 – 50 10 k 100 k 1.0 M –100 –100 – 80 – 60 – 40 – 20 Figure 11. Distortion versus Deviation for ML13135 R R = 68 kΩ 455 kHz Quad Coil Toko 7MC–8128Z R = 47 kΩ R = 39 kΩ 500 ± 3.0 ± 5.0 ± 7.0 ± 9.0 8.0 7.0 VCC 13 6.0 5.0 0 R = 68 kΩ R 455 kHz Quad Coil Toko 7MC–8128Z R = 47 kΩ 4.0 3.0 2.0 R = 39 kΩ 1.0 ±1.0 ± 3.0 ± 5.0 ± 7.0 ± 9.0 fDEV, DEVIATION (kHz) fDEV, DEVIATION (kHz) Page 5 of 11 3rd Order Intermod Products Figure 10. Recovered Audio versus Deviation for ML13135 1000 0 ±1.0 Desired Products – 60 RF INPUT (dBm) VCC 13 – 40 f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 2000 1500 280 10 M – 20 – 80 THD, TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (%) AV , GAIN (dB) Gain 10 0 0 MIXER OUTPUT (dB) 120 Phase φ, EXCESS PHASE (DEGREES) 30 RA, RECOVERED AUDIO (mVpp) 20 80 www.lansdale.com Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The ML13135 is a complete dual conversion receiver. This includes two local oscillators, two mixers, a limiting IF amplifier and detector, and an op amp. It will provide a voltage buffered RSSI with 70 dB of usable range, isolated tuning diode and buffered LO output for PLL operation, and a separate VCC pin for the first mixer and LO. Improvements have been made in the temperature performance of both the recovered audio and the RSSI. VCC Two separate VCC lines enable the first LO and mixer to continue running while the rest of the circuit is powered down. They also isolate the RF from the rest of the internal circuit. Local Oscillators The local oscillators are grounded collector Colpitts, which can be easily crystal–controlled or VCO controlled with the on–board varactor and external PLL. The first LO transistor is internally biased, but the emitter is pinned–out and IQ can be increased for high frequency or VCO operation. The collector is not pinned out, so for crystal operation, the LO is generally limited to 3rd overtone crystal frequencies; typically around 60 MHz. For higher frequency operation, the LO can be provided externally as shown in Figure 16. Buffer An amplifier on the 1st LO output converts the single–ended LO output to a differential signal to drive the mixer. Capacitive coupling between the LO and the amplifier minimizes the effects of the change in oscillator current on the mixer. Buffered LO output is pinned–out at Pin 3 for use with a PLL, with a typical output voltage of 320 mVpp at VCC= 4.0 V and with a 5.1 k resistor from Pin 3 to ground. As seen in Figure 14, the buffered LO output varies with the supply voltage and a smaller external resistor may be needed for low voltage operation. The LO buffer operates up to 60 MHz, typically. Above 60 MHz, the output at Pin 3 rolls off at approximately 6.0 dB per octave. Since most PLLs require about 200 mVpp drive, an external amplifier may be required. Mixers The first and second mixer are of similar design. Both are double balanced to suppress the LO and input frequencies to give only the sum and difference frequencies out. This configuration typically provides 40 to 60 dB of LO suppression. New design techniques provide improved mixer linearity and third order intercept without increased noise. The gain on the output of the 1st mixer starts to roll off at about 20 MHz, so this receiver could be used with a 21 MHz first IF. It is designed for use with a ceramic filter, with an output impedance of 330 Ω. A series resistor can be used to raise the impedance for use with a crystal filter, which typically has an input impedance of 4.0 kΩ. The second mixer input impedance is approximately 4.0 kΩ; it requires an external 360 Ω parallel resistor for use with a standard ceramic filter. Limiting IF Amplifier and Detector The limiter has approximately 110 dB of gain, which starts rolling off at 2.0 MHz. Although not designed for wideband operation, the bandwidth of the audio frequency amplifier has been widened to 50 kHz, which gives less phase shift and enables the receiver to run at higher data rates. However, care should be taken not to exceed the bandwidth allowed by local regulations. The ML13135 is designed for use with an LC quadrature detector, and does not have sufficient drive to be used with a ceramic discriminator. The discriminators and the external matching circuit will affect the distortion and recovered audio. RSSI/Op Amp The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) on the ML13135 has about 70 dB of range. The resistor needed to translate the RSSI current to a voltage output has been included on the internal circuit, which gives it a tighter tolerance. A temperature compensated reference current also improves the RSSI accuracy over temperature. On the ML13135, the op amp is not connected internally and can be used for the RSSI or as a data slicer (see Figure 17c). Figure 14. Buffered LO Output Voltage versus Supply Voltage 600 RPin3 = 3.0 kΩ OUTPUT (mVpp ) 500 400 RPin3 = 5.1 kΩ 300 200 100 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (Vdc) Page 6 of 11 www.lansdale.com Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. Figure 15. PLL Controlled Narrowband FM Receiver at 46/49 MHz ML13135 VCC 0.1 2.7 k 1st LO 500 p 500 p 100 k 24 Varicap 1 23 47 k 27 p 0.68 µH 1.0 2 0.01 0.1 VCC1 150 pF RF Input 0.01 20 Ceramic Filter 10.7 MHz 5 120 p VDD Fin1 D0 PD1 D1 PD2 D2 LD D3 VSS Fin2 ML145168 0.2 µH 21 4 0.1 3.0 p 62 pF 3 5.1 k OSC OSC Out In 0.001 22 5.0 p 50 p 10.245 MHz Xtal 2nd LO VCC2 6 19 7 0.1 8 Ceramic Filter 455 kHz 9 AF Demod 10 0.1 0.1 360 18 Recovered Audio 1.0 k 17 0.15 Limiter 10 k 16 11 RSSI Output 15 14 12 0.1 68 k 13 455 kHz Quad Coil Figure 16. 144 MHz Single Channel Application Circuit Preamp for ML13135 at 144.455 MHz 1st LO External Oscillator Circuit VCC 15 k L1 100 p 0.82 µ 1.0 k Page 7 of 11 15 p 1.0 µ fosc = 133.755 MHz 5.6 k X1 43 p 470 L3 Q1 – MPS5179 X1 – 44.585 MHz 3rd Overtone Series Resonant Crystal L1 – 0.078 µH Inductor (Coilcraft Part # 146–02J08) To Mixer www.lansdale.com 39 p Q1 L2 12 p 1.0 µF 12 p 470 p RF Input 68 p + 5.1 k 3300 p Q1 1000p VCC 15 k + 1.0 µF 3300 p 470 Q1 – MPS5179 L2 – 0.05 µH L3 – 0.07 µH Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. Legacy Applications Information Figure 17a. Single Channel Narrowband FM Receiver at 49.7 MHz ML13135 VCC 1.0 µH 1.0 k 1st LO 2200 p 1 27 p 39 MHz Xtal 5.0 p 2 + 1.0 Figure 17. 24 Varicap 23 22 3 Buffered LO Output 0.01 21 VCC1 5.1 k 20 5 120 p 50 p 2nd LO Ceramic Filter 10.7 MHz VCC2 6 19 7 10.245 MHz Xtal Ceramic Filter 455 kHz 0.1 9 AF Demod 10 0.1 360 18 8 0.1 62 pF RF Input 150 p 50 Ω Source 0.2 µH 0.01 4 0.1 0.001 17 1.0 k Recovered Audio 0.15 Limiter 10 k 16 11 RSSI Output 15 14 12 0.1 13 39 k 455 kHz Quad Coil Figure 17b. PC Board Component View 39 MHz XT 3 NOTES: 1. 0.2 µH tunable (unshielded) inductor 2. 39 MHz Series mode resonant 3rd Overtone Crystal 3. 1.5 µH tunable (shielded) inductor 4. 10.245 MHz Fundamental mode crystal, 32 pF load 5. 455 kHz ceramic filter, muRata CFU 455B or equivalent 6. Quadrature coil, Toko 7MC–8128Z (7mm) or Toko RMC–2A6597HM (10mm) 7. 10.7 MHz ceramic filter, muRata SFE10.7MJ–A or equivalent 2 1 1.0 k 0.1 CF 5 0.01 0.1 10.7 MHz CF MC13135 4 50p 120p 10.245 MHz XT 62p 0.01 150p .001 27p 5p 1.0 + 0.1 5.1k 2200p 360 1.0k 7 10k 455 KHz 0.15 0.1 0.22 10 + +4.7 10k 0.1 51K 39K MC34119 Figure 17c. Optional Data Slicer Circuit (Using Internal Op Amp) +10 0.1 VCC 6 20 k Vin (Pin 17) 20 k 15 16 14 10 k FSK Data Output 0.001 10 k 1.0 M Page 8 of 11 www.lansdale.com Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. Legacy Applications Information Figure 18. PC Board Solder Side View L.O. 3.25 ″ AUDIO VCC GROUND RF IN SPEAKER VCC2 RSSI MC13135 MC13136 3.375″ (Circuit Side View) Figure 19. PC Board Component View 39 MHz XT 3 NOTES: 1. 0.2 µH tunable (unshielded) inductor 2. 39 MHz Series mode resonant 3rd Overtone Crystal 3. 1.5 µH tunable (shielded) inductor 4. 10.245 MHz Fundamental mode crystal, 32 pF load 5. 455 kHz ceramic filter, muRata CFU 455B or equivalent 6. Ceramic discriminator, muRata CDB455C34 or equivalent 7. 10.7 MHz ceramic filter, muRata SFE10.7MJ–A or equivalent 2 1 1.0 k 0.1 0.1 10.7 MHz CF 1.0 + 360 1.0k 7 CF 5 0.01 MC13136 4 50p 120p 10.245 MHz XT 62p 0.01 150p .001 27p 5p 0.1 5.1k 2200p 10k 455 KHz 0.15 0.1 0.22 10 + 51K 2.7k 6 +4.7 10k 270p 0.1 MC34119 +10 0.1 Page 9 of 11 www.lansdale.com Issue 0 Page 10 of 11 www.lansdale.com VEE 5.0 p 15 k 2.0 k Figure 21. 10 11 9 VCC 2 VEE 2 1 VCC 1 52 k 50 k First LO 8.0 k Limiting IF Amplifier 1.0 k 22 3 First Mixer 5.0 p 13 100 k 20 100 5 6 12 k This device contains 142 active transistors. 21 1.0 k 6.0 k VEE 12 Bias 4.0 k 18 14 Detector and Audio Amplifier VCC 2 Second LO Figure 21. ML 13135 Internal Schematic 4.0 k 15 Op Amp Second Mixer 7 VEE 17 VCC 2 VEE 16 VCC 2 VEE 1. 6 k VCC 2 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. Issue 0 ML13135 LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc. OUTLINE DIMENSIONS P DIP 24 = LP PLASTIC PACKAGE (ML13135LP) CASE 724–03 ISSUE D –A– 24 13 1 12 NOTES: 1. CHAMFERED CONTOUR OPTIONAL. 2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 4. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. –B– L C –T– NOTE 1 K SEATING PLANE E G M N F J 24 PL 0.25 (0.010) D 24 PL 0.25 (0.010) T A M M T M B M DIM A B C D E F G J K L M N INCHES MIN MAX 1.230 1.265 0.250 0.270 0.145 0.175 0.015 0.020 0.050 BSC 0.040 0.060 0.100 BSC 0.007 0.012 0.110 0.140 0.300 BSC 0° 15° 0.020 0.040 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 31.25 32.13 6.35 6.85 3.69 4.44 0.38 0.51 1.27 BSC 1.02 1.52 2.54 BSC 0.18 0.30 2.80 3.55 7.62 BSC 0° 15° 0.51 1.01 SO 24 = -6P (ML13135-6P) PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751E–04 ISSUE E –A– 24 13 –B– P 12 PL 0.010 (0.25) 1 M B M 12 D 24 PL J 0.010 (0.25) M T A S B S F R X 45° C –T– SEATING PLANE G 22 PL K M NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DIM A B C D F G J K M P R MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 15.25 15.54 7.60 7.40 2.65 2.35 0.49 0.35 0.90 0.41 1.27 BSC 0.32 0.23 0.29 0.13 8° 0° 10.05 10.55 0.25 0.75 INCHES MIN MAX 0.601 0.612 0.292 0.299 0.093 0.104 0.014 0.019 0.016 0.035 0.050 BSC 0.009 0.013 0.005 0.011 0° 8° 0.395 0.415 0.010 0.029 Lansdale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Lansdale does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Lansdale data sheets and/or specifications can vary in different applications, and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by the customer’s technical experts. Lansdale Semiconductor is a registered trademark of Lansdale Semiconductor, Inc. Page 11 of 11 www.lansdale.com Issue 0