19-0253; Rev 1; 8/94 NUAL KIT MA ATION U EET L H A S V A E T WS DA FOLLO +12V, 30mA Flash Memory Programming Supply ________________________Applications ____________________________Features ♦ Regulated +12V ±5% Output Voltage ♦ 4.5V to 5.5V Supply Voltage Range ♦ Fits in 0.1in2 ♦ Guaranteed 30mA Output ♦ No Inductor—Uses Only 4 Capacitors ♦ 185µA Quiescent Current ♦ Logic-Controlled 0.5µA Shutdown ♦ 8-Pin Narrow SO and DIP Packages ______________Ordering Information PART TEMP. RANGE MAX662ACPA 0°C to +70°C PIN-PACKAGE 8 Plastic DIP MAX662ACSA MAX662AC/D MAX662AEPA MAX662AESA MAX662AMJA 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -55°C to +125°C 8 SO Dice* 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 CERDIP** * Dice are tested at TA = +25°C. ** Contact factory for availability and processing to MIL-STD-883. +12V Flash Memory Programming Supplies Compact +12V Op-Amp Supplies Switching MOSFETs in Low-Voltage Systems Dual-Output +12V and +20V Supplies __________Typical Operating Circuit INPUT 4.75V TO 5.5V TOP VIEW 4.7µF OUTPUT 12V ±5% 30mA VCC SHDN Vpp VOUT FLASH MEMORY MAX662A 0.22µF C1+ C1- __________________Pin Configuration C2- GND 0.22µF 4.7µF C1- 1 8 SHDN C1+ 2 7 GND 6 VOUT 5 VCC C2- 3 MAX662A C2+ 4 C2+ DIP/SO ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products Call toll free 1-800-998-8800 for free samples or literature. 1 MAX662A _______________General Description The MAX662A is a regulated +12V, 30mA-output, chargepump DC-DC converter. It provides the necessary +12V ±5% output to program byte-wide flash memories, and requires no inductors to deliver a guaranteed 30mA output from inputs as low as 4.75V. It fits into less than 0.1in2 of board space. The MAX662A is a pin-compatible upgrade to the MAX662, and is recommended for new designs. The MAX662A offers lower quiescent and shutdown currents, and guarantees the output current over all temperature ranges. The MAX662A is the first charge-pump boost converter to provide a regulated +12V output. It requires only a few inexpensive capacitors, and the entire circuit is completely surface-mountable. A logic-controlled shutdown pin that interfaces directly with microprocessors reduces the supply current to only 0.5µA. The MAX662A comes in 8-pin narrow SO and DIP packages. For higher-current flash memory programming solutions, refer to the data sheets for the MAX734 (120mA output current, guaranteed) and MAX732 (200mA output current, guaranteed) PWM, switch-mode DC-DC converters. Or, refer to the MAX761 data sheet for a 150mA, PFM switch-mode DC-DC converter that operates from inputs as low as 2V. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND ................................................................-0.3V to 6V SHDN..........................................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) IOUT Continuous..................................................................50mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) ............727mW SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C) .........................471mW CERDIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) .................640mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX662AC_A .....................................................0°C to +70°C MAX662AE_A ..................................................-40°C to +85°C MAX662AMJA................................................-55°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Circuit of Figure 3a, VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MAX662AC/E Output Voltage VOUT MAX662AM Supply Current Shutdown Current Oscillator Frequency Power Efficiency ICC RSW Shutdown Input Threshold VIH VIL MIN TYP MAX 0mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 30mA, VCC = 4.75V to 5.5V 11.4 12 12.6 0mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 20mA 11.4 12 12.6 0mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 24mA, VCC = 4.75V to 5.5V 11.4 12 12.6 0mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 16mA 11.4 12 12.6 185 0.5 500 76 1 1 500 10 UNITS V No load, VSHDN = 0V No load, VSHDN = VCC VCC = 5V, IOUT = 30mA VCC = 5V, IOUT = 30mA MAX662AC/E VCC = VSHDN = 5V, IOUT = 30mA MAX662AM fOSC VCC-to-VOUT Switch Impedance µA µA kHz % 2 2.5 2.4 VCC = 5V, VSHDN = 0V VCC = VSHDN = 5V SHDN Pin Current -50 -15 0 0.4 -5 kΩ V µA __________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (Circuit of Figure 3a, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 12.2 240 220 200 TA = 0°C 180 TA = +25°C 160 TA = +125°C 140 120 12.0 11.8 VCC = 4.5V 11.6 VCC = 4.75V 11.4 VCC = 5.0V 11.2 VCC = 5.5V 11.0 4.75 5.00 5.25 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.50 VCC = 5.5V 80 70 VCC = 4.5V VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.0V 60 50 CONTINUOUS OUTPUT CURRENT MUST NOT EXCEED 50mA ABS MAX LIMIT. INTERMITTENT PEAK CURRENTS MAY BE HIGHER. 30 10.6 4.50 90 40 10.8 100 2 12.4 EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT 100 MAX662A-03 TA = -55°C CONTINUOUS OUTPUT CURRENT MUST NOT EXCEED 50mA ABS MAX LIMIT. INTERMITTENT PEAK CURRENTS MAY BE HIGHER. EFFICIENCY (%) MAX662A-01 280 260 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT CURRENT 12.6 MAX662A-02 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 300 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) MAX662A +12V, 30mA Flash Memory Programming Supply 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) _______________________________________________________________________________________ +12V, 30mA Flash Memory Programming Supply LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE A A 0mA 0V B B 0V 1ms/div 1ms/div A: OUTPUT CURRENT, 20mA/div, IOUT = 0mA to 30mA B: OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE, 100mV/div, VCC = 5.0V _____________________Pin Description A: SUPPLY VOLTAGE, 2V/div, VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V, IOUT = 30mA B: OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE, 200mV/div VCC C4 4.7µF PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 C1- Negative terminal for the first chargepump capacitor C1+ Positive terminal for the first chargepump capacitor 2 3 C2- Negative terminal for the second charge-pump capacitor 4 C2+ Positive terminal for the second charge-pump capacitor 5 VCC Supply Voltage 6 VOUT +12V Output Voltage. VOUT = VCC when in shutdown mode. 7 GND Ground SHDN Active-high CMOS-logic level Shutdown Input. SHDN is internally pulled up to VCC. Connect to GND for normal operation. In shutdown mode, the charge pumps are turned off and VOUT = VCC. 8 VCC C2+ S1 C3* 0.1µF S2 0.22µF VOUT C2- R2 S1 ERROR AMP +12V C5 4.7µF R1 S2 C1+ VREF S1 0.22µF SHDN S2 C1- MAX662A S1 OSCILLATOR GND SWITCH CLOSURES SHOWN FOR CHARGE PUMP IN THE TRANSFER MODE * C3 NOT REQUIRED. FOR MAX662 ONLY. Figure 1. Block Diagram _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX662A _____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 3a, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) MAX662A +12V, 30mA Flash Memory Programming Supply _______________Detailed Description Operating Principle The MAX662A provides a regulated 12V output voltage at 30mA from a 5V ±5% power supply, making it ideal for flash EEPROM programming applications. It uses internal charge pumps and external capacitors to generate +12V, eliminating inductors. Regulation is provided by a pulse-skipping scheme that monitors the output voltage level and turns on the charge pumps when the output voltage begins to droop. Figure 1 shows a simplified block diagram of the MAX662A. When the S1 switches are closed and the S2 switches are open, capacitors C1 and C2 are charged up to VCC. The S1 switches are then opened and the S2 switches are closed so that capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in series between V CC and VOUT. This performs a voltage tripling function. A pulseskipping feedback scheme adjusts the output voltage to 12V ±5%. The efficiency of the MAX662A with VCC = 5V and I OUT = 30mA is typically 76%. See the Efficiency vs. Load Current graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics. During one oscillator cycle, energy is transferred from the charge-pump capacitors to the output filter capacitor and the load. The number of cycles within a given time frame increases as the load current increases or as the input supply voltage decreases. In the limiting case, the charge pumps operate continuously, and the oscillator frequency is nominally 500kHz. 5V SHDN 0V 12V VOUT 5V 200µs/div CIRCUIT OF FIGURE 3, VCC = 5V, IOUT = 200µA Figure 2. MAX662A Exiting Shutdown 4 Shutdown Mode The MAX662A enters shutdown mode when SHDN is a logic high. SHDN is a TTL/CMOS-compatible input signal that is internally pulled up to V CC. In shutdown mode, the charge-pump switching action is halted and VIN is connected to VOUT through a 1kΩ switch. When entering shutdown, VOUT declines to VCC in typically 13ms. Connect SHDN to ground for normal operation. When VCC = 5V, it takes typically 400µs for the output to reach 12V after SHDN goes low (Figure 2). __________Applications Information Compatibility with MAX662 The MAX662A is a 100%-compatible upgrade of the MAX662. The MAX662A does not require capacitor C3, although its presence does not affect performance. Capacitor Selection Charge-Pump Capacitors, C1 and C2 The capacitance values of the charge-pump capacitors C1 and C2 are critical. Use ceramic or tantalum capacitors in the 0.22µF to 1.0µF range. For applications requiring operation over extended and/or military temperature ranges, use 1.0µF tantalum capacitors for C1 and C2 (Figure 3b). Input and Output Capacitors, C4 and C5 The type of input bypass capacitor (C4) and output filter capacitor (C5) affects performance. Tantalums, ceramics or aluminum electrolytics are suggested. For smallest size, use Sprague 595D475X9016A7 surface-mount capacitors, which are 3.51mm x 1.81mm. For lowest ripple, use lowESR through-hole ceramic or tantalum capacitors. For lowest cost, use aluminum electrolytic or tantalum capacitors. Figure 3a shows the component values for proper operation over the commercial temperature range using minimum board space. The input bypass capacitor (C4) and output filter capacitor (C5) should both be at least 4.7µF when using Sprague’s miniature 595D series of tantalum chip capacitors. Figure 3b shows the suggested component values for applications over extended and/or military temperature ranges. The values of C4 and C5 can be reduced to 2µF and 1µF, respectively, when using ceramic capacitors. If using aluminum electrolytics, choose capacitance values of 10µF or larger for C4 and C5. Note that as V CC increases above 5V and the output current decreases, the amount of ripple at VOUT increases due to the slower oscillator frequency combined with the higher input voltage. Increase the input and output bypass capacitance to reduce output ripple. Table 1 lists various capacitor suppliers. _______________________________________________________________________________________ +12V, 30mA Flash Memory Programming Supply Supplier Murata Erie Phone Number Fax Number (814) 237-1431 (814) 238-0490 (603) 224-1961 (207) 324-4140 Sprague Electric (603) 224-1430 (207) 324-7223 Capacitor MAX662A Table 1. Capacitor Suppliers Capacitor Type* GRM42-6Z5U224M50 0.22µF Ceramic (SM) RPE123Z5U105M50V 1.0µF Ceramic (TH) 595D475X9016A7 4.7µF Tantalum (SM) 595D105X9016A7 1.0µF Tantalum (SM) *Note: (SM) denotes surface-mount component, (TH) denotes through-hole component. Layout Considerations 3 C2 0.22µF VIN 4.75V TO 5.5V VOUT +12V ±5% AT 30mA 4 5 C4 4.7µF 6 C5 4.7µF C2- C1+ MAX662A C2+ C1- VCC SHDN VOUT GND 2 1 C1 0.22µF Flash EEPROM Applications 8 7 PROGRAMMING CONTROL DIRECT FROM µP Figure 3a. Flash EEPROM Programming Power Supply for Commercial Temperature Range Applications 3 *C2 1.0µF VIN 4.75V TO 5.5V VOUT +12V ±5% AT 30mA 4 C2+ 5 *C4 22µF *C5 22µF C2- 6 C1+ MAX662A C1- VCC SHDN VOUT GND Layout is critical, due to the MAX662A’s high oscillator frequency. Good layout ensures stability and helps maintain the output voltage under heavy loads. For best performance, use very short connections to the capacitors. The order of importance is: C4, C5, C1, C2. 2 1 8 7 *C1 1.0µF PROGRAMMING CONTROL DIRECT FROM µP The circuit of Figure 3a is a +12V ±5% 30mA flash EEPROM programming power supply. A microprocessor controls the programming voltage via the SHDN pin. When SHDN is low, the output voltage (which is connected to the flash memory VPP supply-voltage pin) rises to +12V to facilitate programming the flash memory. When SHDN is high, the output voltage is connected to VIN through an internal 1kΩ resistor. Paralleling Devices Two MAX662As can be placed in parallel to increase output drive capability. The VCC, VOUT, and GND pins can be paralleled, reducing pin count. Use a single bypass capacitor and a single output filter capacitor with twice the capacitance value if the two devices can be placed close to each other. If the MAX662As cannot be placed close together, use separate bypass and output capacitors. The amount of output ripple observed will determine whether single input bypass and output filter capacitors can be used. Under certain conditions, one device may supply the total output current. Therefore, regardless of the number of devices in parallel, the maximum continuous current must not exceed 50mA. 12V and 20V Dual-Output Power Supply *SPRAGUE 595D SERIES OR EQUIVALENT Figure 3b. Flash EEPROM Programming Power Supply for Extended and/or Military Temperature Range Applications Using the charge-pump voltage-doubler circuit of Figure 4, the MAX662A can produce a +20V supply from a single +5V supply. Figure 5 shows the current capability of the +20V supply. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 20.0 C2- 0.22µF 4 C1+ C2+ 1µF 20V OUTPUT 1µF 1N5818 0.22µF MAX662A C1SHDN 12V OUTPUT GND 6 VOUT VCC CIRCUIT OF FIGURE 4 VCC = 4.75V TA = +25°C 2 20V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3 1 8 7 5 VIN = 5V ±5% MAX662AFIG 5 MAX662A +12V, 30mA Flash Memory Programming Supply 19.2 WITH +12V OUTPUT UNLOADED 18.4 WITH 34mA LOAD ON +12V OUTPUT 17.6 16.8 1N5818 1µF 2µF 16.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 20V OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Figure 4. +12V and +20V Dual Supply from a +5V Input Figure 5. +20V Supply Output Current Capability ___________________Chip Topography C2+ C2- C1+ 0.086" (2.184mm) C1V CC SHDN V OUT 0.086" (2.184mm) GND TRANSISTOR COUNT: 225 SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO VOUT 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________