Product Folder Sample & Buy Support & Community Tools & Software Technical Documents INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 INA219 Zerø-Drift, Bidirectional Current/Power Monitor With I2C Interface 1 Features 3 Description • • • • The INA219 is a current shunt and power monitor with an I2C- or SMBUS-compatible interface. The device monitors both shunt voltage drop and bus supply voltage, with programmable conversion times and filtering. A programmable calibration value, combined with an internal multiplier, enables direct readouts of current in amperes. An additional multiplying register calculates power in watts. The I2C- or SMBUS-compatible interface features 16 programmable addresses. 1 • • • Senses Bus Voltages from 0 to 26 V Reports Current, Voltage, and Power 16 Programmable Addresses High Accuracy: 0.5% (Maximum) Over Temperature (INA219B) Filtering Options Calibration Registers SOT23-8 and SOIC-8 Packages The INA219 is available in two grades: A and B. The B grade version has higher accuracy and higher precision specifications. 2 Applications • • • • • • • • Servers Telecom Equipment Notebook Computers Power Management Battery Chargers Welding Equipment Power Supplies Test Equipment The INA219 senses across shunts on buses that can vary from 0 to 26 V. The device uses a single 3- to 5.5-V supply, drawing a maximum of 1 mA of supply current. The INA219 operates from –40°C to 125°C. Device Information(1) PART NUMBER INA219 PACKAGE BODY SIZE (NOM) SOIC (8) 3.91 mm × 4.90 mm SOT-23 (8) 1.63 mm × 2.90 mm (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet. Simplified Schematic VS (Supply Voltage) VIN+ VIN- INA219 ´ Power Register Data 2 Current Register PGA I C-/SMBUSCompatible Interface CLK A0 ADC Voltage Register A1 GND 1 An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications, intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA. INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Features .................................................................. Applications ........................................................... Description ............................................................. Revision History..................................................... Related Products ................................................... Pin Configuration and Functions ......................... Specifications......................................................... 1 1 1 2 3 3 4 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... ESD Ratings.............................................................. Recommended Operating Conditions....................... Thermal Information .................................................. Electrical Characteristics:.......................................... Bus Timing Diagram Definitions................................ Typical Characteristics .............................................. Detailed Description .............................................. 9 8.1 Overview ................................................................... 9 8.2 Functional Block Diagram ......................................... 9 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 9 Feature Description................................................... 9 Device Functional Modes........................................ 11 Programming........................................................... 12 Register Maps ........................................................ 18 Application and Implementation ........................ 25 9.1 Application Information............................................ 25 9.2 Typical Application ................................................. 25 10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 27 11 Layout................................................................... 27 11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 27 11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 27 12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 28 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 Community Resources.......................................... Trademarks ........................................................... Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................ Glossary ................................................................ 28 28 28 28 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information ........................................................... 28 4 Revision History NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version. Changes from Revision F (September 2011) to Revision G Page • Added ESD Ratings table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section ................................................................................................. 1 • Updated Bus Timing Diagram Definitions table. I2C timing table values were previously based on simulation and not characterized .......................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Changes from Revision E (September 2010) to Revision F • Changed step 5 and step 6 values in Table 8...................................................................................................................... 26 Changes from Revision D (September 2010) to Revision E • 2 Page Page Updated Packaging Information table .................................................................................................................................... 3 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 5 Related Products DEVICE DESCRIPTION INA209 Current/power monitor with watchdog, peak-hold, and fast comparator functions INA210, INA211, INA212, INA213, INA214 Zerø-drift, low-cost, analog current shunt monitor series in small package 6 Pin Configuration and Functions DCN Package 8-Pin SOT-23 Top View D Package 8-Pin SOIC Top View IN+ 1 8 A1 IN– 2 7 A0 GND 3 6 SDA VS 4 5 SCL A1 1 8 IN+ A0 2 7 IN– SDA 3 6 GND SCL 4 5 VS Pin Functions PIN NAME I/O DESCRIPTION SOT-23 SOIC IN+ 1 8 Analog Input Positive differential shunt voltage. Connect to positive side of shunt resistor. IN– 2 7 Analog Input Negative differential shunt voltage. Connect to negative side of shunt resistor. Bus voltage is measured from this pin to ground. GND 3 6 Analog Ground VS 4 5 Analog Power supply, 3 to 5.5 V Serial bus clock line SCL 5 4 Digital Input SDA 6 3 Digital I/O Serial bus data line A0 7 2 Digital Input Address pin. Table 1 shows pin settings and corresponding addresses. A1 8 1 Digital Input Address pin. Table 1 shows pin settings and corresponding addresses. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 3 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 7 Specifications 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) MIN VS Supply voltage UNIT 6 V –26 26 V -0.3 26 V SDA GND – 0.3 6 V SCL GND – 0.3 Analog Inputs IN+, IN– Differential (VIN+ – VIN–) (2) MAX Common-mode(VIN+ + VIN–) / 2 VS + 0.3 V Input current into any pin 5 mA Open-drain digital output current 10 mA 125 °C 150 °C 150 °C Operating temperature –40 TJ Junction temperature Tstg Storage temperature (1) (2) –65 Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. VIN+ and VIN– may have a differential voltage of –26 to 26 V; however, the voltage at these pins must not exceed the range –0.3 to 26 V. 7.2 ESD Ratings VALUE Electrostatic discharge V(ESD) (1) (2) Human body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001, all pins (1) ±4000 Charged device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101, all pins (2) ±750 Machine Model (MM) ±200 UNIT V JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. 7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) MIN NOM VCM MAX 12 VS V 3.3 TA UNIT V –25 85 ºC 7.4 Thermal Information INA219 THERMAL METRIC (1) D (SOIC) DCN (SOT) UNIT 8 PINS 8 PINS RθJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 111.3 135.4 °C/W RθJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 55.9 68.1 °C/W RθJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 52 48.9 °C/W ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 10.7 9.9 °C/W ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 51.5 48.4 °C/W RθJC(bot) Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance N/A N/A °C/W (1) 4 For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 7.5 Electrical Characteristics: At TA = 25°C, VS = 3.3 V, VIN+ = 12V, VSHUNT = (VIN+ – VIN–) = 32 mV, PGA = /1, and BRNG (1) = 1, unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS INA219A MIN INA219B TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX UNIT INPUT VSHUNT Full-scale current sense (input) voltage range Bus voltage (input voltage) range (2) CMRR Common-mode rejection PGA = /1 0 ±40 0 ±40 mV PGA = /2 0 ±80 0 ±80 mV PGA = /4 0 ±160 0 ±160 mV PGA = /8 0 ±320 0 ±320 mV BRNG = 1 0 32 0 32 BRNG = 0 0 16 0 16 VIN+ = 0 to 26 V 100 PGA = /1 Offset voltage, RTI (3) VOS vs Temperature PSRR vs Power Supply ±10 IN– pin input bias current || VIN– pin input impedance ±100 120 ±10 ±50 (4) μV (4) μV μV ±20 ±125 ±20 ±75 ±30 ±150 ±30 ±75 (4) PGA = /8 ±40 ±200 ±40 ±100 (4) TA = –25°C to 85°C 0.1 TA = –25°C to 85°C Active mode Active mode μV 0.1 μV/°C μV/V 10 10 ±40 ±40 1 1 20 20 20 || 320 V dB PGA = /4 VS = 3 to 5.5 V IN+ pin input bias current 100 PGA = /2 Current sense gain error vs Temperature 120 V m% m%/°C μA μA || kΩ 20 || 320 (5) Power-down mode 0.1 ±0.5 0.1 ±0.5 μA IN– pin input leakage (5) Power-down mode 0.1 ±0.5 0.1 ±0.5 μA IN+ pin input leakage DC ACCURACY ADC basic resolution 12 12 Shunt voltage, 1 LSB step size 10 10 μV 4 4 mV Bus voltage, 1 LSB step size Current measurement error over Temperature ±0.2% TA = –25°C to 85°C ±0.2% ±0.2% TA = –25°C to 85°C 4) 4) ±0.5% ±0.2% ±1% Differential nonlinearity ±0.3% ( ±0.5% ( ±1% Bus voltage measurement error over Temperature ±0.5% bits ±0.5% ±1% ±0.1 ±0.1 LSB ADC TIMING ADC conversion time 12 bit 532 586 532 586 μs 11 bit 276 304 276 304 μs 10 bit 148 163 148 163 μs 9 bit 84 93 84 93 μs Minimum convert input low time 4 μs 4 SMBus SMBus timeout (6) 28 35 28 1 0.1 35 ms 1 μA 6 V 0.3 (VS) V DIGITAL INPUTS (SDA as Input, SCL, A0, A1) Input capacitance Leakage input current (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 3 0 ≤ VIN ≤ VS 0.1 VIH input logic level 0.7 (VS) VIL input logic level –0.3 3 6 0.7 (VS) 0.3 (VS) –0.3 pF BRNG is bit 13 of the Configuration register 00h in Figure 19. This parameter only expresses the full-scale range of the ADC scaling. In no event should more than 26 V be applied to this device. Referred-to-input (RTI) Indicates improved specifications of the INA219B. Input leakage is positive (current flowing into the pin) for the conditions shown at the top of the table. Negative leakage currents can occur under different input conditions. SMBus timeout in the INA219 resets the interface any time SCL or SDA is low for over 28 ms. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 5 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Electrical Characteristics: (continued) At TA = 25°C, VS = 3.3 V, VIN+ = 12V, VSHUNT = (VIN+ – VIN–) = 32 mV, PGA = /1, and BRNG(1) = 1, unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER INA219A TEST CONDITIONS MIN INA219B TYP Hysteresis MAX MIN 500 TYP UNIT MAX 500 mV OPEN-DRAIN DIGITAL OUTPUTS (SDA) Logic 0 output level ISINK = 3 mA High-level output leakage current VOUT = VS 0.15 0.4 0.15 0.4 V 0.1 1 0.1 1 μA POWER SUPPLY Operating supply range 3 5.5 Quiescent current 3 5.5 V 0.7 1 0.7 1 mA Quiescent current, power-down mode 6 15 6 15 μA Power-on reset threshold 2 2 V 7.6 Bus Timing Diagram Definitions (1) FAST MODE HIGH-SPEED MODE MIN MAX MIN MAX 0.4 0.001 2.56 UNIT ƒ(SCL) SCL operating frequency 0.001 t(BUF) Bus free time between STOP and START condition 1300 160 ns t(HDSTA) Hold time after repeated START condition. After this period, the first clock is generated. 600 160 ns t(SUSTA) Repeated START condition setup time 600 160 ns t(SUSTO) STOP condition setup time 600 t(HDDAT) Data hold time t(SUDAT) Data setup time t(LOW) t(HIGH) tF DA Data fall time 300 150 ns tFCL Clock fall time 300 40 ns tRCL Clock rise time 300 40 ns tRCL Clock rise time for SCLK ≤ 100kHz (1) MHz 160 0 900 0 ns 90 ns 100 10 ns SCL clock LOW period 1300 250 ns SCL clock HIGH period 600 60 ns 1000 ns Values based on a statistical analysis of a one-time sample of devices. Minimum and maximum values are not ensured and not production tested. t(LOW) tF tR t(HDSTA) SCL t(HDSTA) t(HIGH) t(HDDAT) t(SUSTO) t(SUSTA) t(SUDAT) SDA t(BUF) P S S P Figure 1. Bus Timing Diagram 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 7.7 Typical Characteristics 0 100 -10 80 -20 60 -30 40 Offset (mV) Gain (dB) At TA = 25°C, VS = 3.3 V, VIN+ = 12 V, VSHUNT = (VIN+ – VIN–) = 32 mV, PGA = /1, and BRNG = 1, unless otherwise noted. -40 -50 -60 0 -20 -40 -80 -60 -90 -80 -100 -100 100 1k 10k 100k 160mV Range 20 -70 10 320mV Range 1M 80mV Range -40 -25 0 Input Frequency (Hz) 80 45 60 40 40 35 160mV Range 0 -20 -40 75 100 125 30 25 20 16V Range 32V Range 15 80mV Range 40mV Range -60 10 -80 5 0 -100 -40 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -40 -25 125 0 Temperature (°C) 25 50 75 100 125 Temperature (°C) Figure 4. ADC Shunt Gain Error vs Temperature Figure 5. ADC Bus Voltage Offset vs Temperature 100 20 80 15 60 10 40 16V 20 INL (mV) Gain Error (m%) 50 Figure 3. ADC Shunt Offset vs Temperature 50 Offset (mV) Gain Error (m%) Figure 2. Frequency Response 320mV Range 25 Temperature (°C) 100 20 40mV Range 0 -20 0 -5 32V -40 5 -10 -60 -15 -80 -100 -40 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -20 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Input Voltage (V) Temperature (°C) Figure 6. ADC Bus Gain Error vs Temperature Figure 7. Integral Nonlinearity vs Input Voltage Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 7 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Typical Characteristics (continued) At TA = 25°C, VS = 3.3 V, VIN+ = 12 V, VSHUNT = (VIN+ – VIN–) = 32 mV, PGA = /1, and BRNG = 1, unless otherwise noted. 2.0 1.2 VS+ = 5V 1.0 1.0 VS = 5V 0.8 0.5 IQ (mA) Input Currents (mA) 1.5 VS+ = 3V 0 VS+ = 3V 0.6 VS = 3V 0.4 -0.5 0.2 -1.0 VS+ = 5V 0 -1.5 10 5 0 15 20 25 30 0 -40 -25 25 VIN- Voltage (V) Figure 8. Input Currents With Large Differential Voltages(VIN+ at 12 V, Sweep Of VIN–) 75 100 125 Figure 9. Active IQ vs Temperature 16 1.0 14 0.9 VS = 5V 0.8 12 0.7 IQ (mA) 10 IQ (mA) 50 Temperature (°C) VS = 5V 8 6 VS = 3V 4 0.6 VS = 3V 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 2 0.1 0 0 -40 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 100k 10k 1k 1M Temperature (°C) SCL Frequency (Hz) Figure 10. Shutdown IQ vs Temperature Figure 11. Active IQ vs I2C Clock Frequency 10M 300 250 VS = 5V IQ (mA) 200 150 100 50 VS = 3V 0 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M SCL Frequency (Hz) Figure 12. Shutdown IQ vs I2C Clock Frequency 8 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 8 Detailed Description 8.1 Overview The INA219 is a digital current sense amplifier with an I2C- and SMBus-compatible interface. It provides digital current, voltage, and power readings necessary for accurate decision-making in precisely-controlled systems. Programmable registers allow flexible configuration for measurement resolution as well as continuous-versustriggered operation. Detailed register information appears at the end of this data sheet, beginning with Table 2. See the Functional Block Diagram section for a block diagram of the INA219 device. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram Power (1) Bus Voltage (1) ´ Shunt Voltage Channel Current (1) ADC Bus Voltage Channel Full-Scale Calibration (2) ´ Shunt Voltage (1) PGA (In Configuration Register) NOTES: (1) Read-only (2) Read/write Data Registers 8.3 Feature Description 8.3.1 Basic ADC Functions The two analog inputs to the INA219, IN+ and IN–, connect to a shunt resistor in the bus of interest. The INA219 is typically powered by a separate supply from 3 to 5.5 V. The bus being sensed can vary from 0 to 26 V. There are no special considerations for power-supply sequencing (for example, a bus voltage can be present with the supply voltage off, and vice-versa). The INA219 senses the small drop across the shunt for shunt voltage, and senses the voltage with respect to ground from IN– for the bus voltage. Figure 13 shows this operation. When the INA219 is in the normal operating mode (that is, MODE bits of the Configuration register are set to 111), it continuously converts the shunt voltage up to the number set in the shunt voltage averaging function (Configuration register, SADC bits). The device then converts the bus voltage up to the number set in the bus voltage averaging (Configuration register, BADC bits). The Mode control in the Configuration register also permits selecting modes to convert only voltage or current, either continuously or in response to an event (triggered). All current and power calculations are performed in the background and do not contribute to conversion time; conversion times shown in the Electrical Characteristics: can be used to determine the actual conversion time. Power-Down mode reduces the quiescent current and turns off current into the INA219 inputs, avoiding any supply drain. Full recovery from Power-Down requires 40 μs. ADC Off mode (set by the Configuration register, MODE bits) stops all conversions. Writing any of the triggered convert modes into the Configuration register (even if the desired mode is already programmed into the register) triggers a single-shot conversion. Table 6 lists the triggered convert mode settings. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 9 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Feature Description (continued) VSHUNT = VIN+ - VINTypically < 50mV + - RSHUNT Supply Load INA219 Power-Supply Voltage 3V to 5.5V 3.3V Supply VIN+ VS VIN- INA219 ´ Power Register Data (SDA) Clock (SCL) 2 VBUS = VIN- - GND Current Register Range of 0V to 26V Typical Application 12V PGA ADC Voltage Register I C-/SMBUSCompatible Interface A0 A1 GND Figure 13. INA219 Configured for Shunt and Bus Voltage Measurement Although the INA219 can be read at any time, and the data from the last conversion remain available, the conversion ready bit (Status register, CNVR bit) is provided to help coordinate one-shot or triggered conversions. The conversion ready bit is set after all conversions, averaging, and multiplication operations are complete. The conversion ready bit clears under any of these conditions: • Writing to the Configuration register, except when configuring the MODE bits for power down or ADC off (disable) modes • Reading the Status register • Triggering a single-shot conversion with the convert pin 8.3.1.1 Power Measurement Current and bus voltage are converted at different points in time, depending on the resolution and averaging mode settings. For instance, when configured for 12-bit and 128 sample averaging, up to 68 ms in time between sampling these two values is possible. Again, these calculations are performed in the background and do not add to the overall conversion time. 8.3.1.2 PGA Function If larger full-scale shunt voltages are desired, the INA219 provides a PGA function that increases the full-scale range up to 2, 4, or 8 times (320 mV). Additionally, the bus voltage measurement has two full-scale ranges: 16 or 32 V. 8.3.1.3 Compatibility With TI Hot Swap Controllers The INA219 is designed for compatibility with hot swap controllers such the TI TPS2490. The TPS2490 uses a high-side shunt with a limit at 50 mV; the INA219 full-scale range of 40 mV enables the use of the same shunt for current sensing below this limit. When sensing is required at (or through) the 50-mV sense point of the TPS2490, the PGA of the INA219 can be set to /2 to provide an 80-mV full-scale range. 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 8.4 Device Functional Modes 8.4.1 Filtering and Input Considerations Measuring current is often noisy, and such noise can be difficult to define. The INA219 offers several options for filtering by choosing resolution and averaging in the Configuration register. These filtering options can be set independently for either voltage or current measurement. The internal ADC is based on a delta-sigma (ΔΣ) front-end with a 500-kHz (±30%) typical sampling rate. This architecture has good inherent noise rejection; however, transients that occur at or very close to the sampling rate harmonics can cause problems. Because these signals are at 1 MHz and higher, they can be dealt with by incorporating filtering at the input of the INA219. The high frequency enables the use of low-value series resistors on the filter for negligible effects on measurement accuracy. In general, filtering the INA219 input is only necessary if there are transients at exact harmonics of the 500-kHz (±30%) sampling rate (>1 MHz). Filter using the lowest possible series resistance and ceramic capacitor. Recommended values are 0.1 to 1 μF. Figure 14 shows the INA219 with an additional filter added at the input. RSHUNT Load Supply RFILTER 10W RFILTER 10W Supply Voltage 3.3V Supply 0.1mF to 1mF Ceramic Capacitor VIN+ VIN- VS INA219 ´ Power Register Data (SDA) Clock (SCL) 2 Current Register PGA I C-/SMBUSCompatible Interface A0 ADC Voltage Register A1 GND Figure 14. INA219 With Input Filtering Overload conditions are another consideration for the INA219 inputs. The INA219 inputs are specified to tolerate 26 V across the inputs. A large differential scenario might be a short to ground on the load side of the shunt. This type of event can result in full power-supply voltage across the shunt (as long the power supply or energy storage capacitors support it). It must be remembered that removing a short to ground can result in inductive kickbacks that could exceed the 26-V differential and common-mode rating of the INA219. Inductive kickback voltages are best dealt with by zener-type transient-absorbing devices combined with sufficient energy storage capacitance. In applications that do not have large energy storage electrolytics on one or both sides of the shunt, an input overstress condition may result from an excessive dV/dt of the voltage applied to the input. A hard physical short is the most likely cause of this event, particularly in applications with no large electrolytics present. This problem occurs because an excessive dV/dt can activate the ESD protection in the INA219 in systems where large currents are available. Testing has demonstrated that the addition of 10-Ω resistors in series with each input of the INA219 sufficiently protects the inputs against dV/dt failure up to the 26-V rating of the INA219. These resistors have no significant effect on accuracy. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 11 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 8.5 Programming An important aspect of the INA219 device is that it measure current or power if it is programmed based on the system. The device measures both the differential voltage applied between the IN+ and IN- input pins and the voltage at IN- pin. In order for the device to report both current and power values, the user must program the resolution of the Current Register (04h) and the value of the shunt resistor (RSHUNT) present in the application to develop the differential voltage applied between the input pins. Both the Current_LSB and shunt resistor value are used in the calculation of the Calibration Register value that the device uses to calculate the corresponding current and power values based on the measured shunt and bus voltages. After programming the Calibration Register, the Current Register (04h) and Power Register (03h) update accordingly based on the corresponding shunt voltage and bus voltage measurements. Until the Calibration Register is programmed, the Current Register (04h) and Power Register (03h) remain at zero. 8.5.1 Programming the Calibration Register The Calibration Register is calculated based on Equation 1. This equation includes the term Current_LSB, which is the programmed value for the LSB for the Current Register (04h). The user uses this value to convert the value in the Current Register (04h) to the actual current in amperes. The highest resolution for the Current Register (04h) can be obtained by using the smallest allowable Current_LSB based on the maximum expected current as shown in Equation 2. While this value yields the highest resolution, it is common to select a value for the Current_LSB to the nearest round number above this value to simplify the conversion of the Current Register (04h) and Power Register (03h) to amperes and watts respectively. The RSHUNT term is the value of the external shunt used to develop the differential voltage across the input pins. The Power Register (03h) is internally set to be 20 times the programmed Current_LSB see Equation 3. 0.04096 Cal = trunc Current_LSB ´ R SHUNT where • 0.04096 is an internal fixed value used to ensure scaling is maintained properly Maximum Expected Current 215 Power_LSB = 20 Current_LSB Current_LSB = (1) (2) (3) Shunt voltage is calculated by multiplying the Shunt Voltage Register contents with the Shunt Voltage LSB of 10 µV. The Bus Voltage register bits are not right-aligned. In order to compute the value of the Bus Voltage, Bus Voltage Register contents must be shifted right by three bits. This shift puts the BD0 bit in the LSB position so that the contents can be multiplied by the Bus Voltage LSB of 4-mV to compute the bus voltage measured by the device. After programming the Calibration Register, the value expected in the Current Register (04h) can be calculated by multiplying the Shunt Voltage register contents by the Calibration Register and then dividing by 4096 as shown in Equation 4. To obtain a value in amperes the Current register value is multiplied by the programmed Current_LSB. Current Register = Shunt Voltage Re gister ´ Calibration Re gister 4096 (4) The value expected in the Power register (03h) can be calculated by multiplying the Current register value by the Bus Voltage register value and then dividing by 5000 as shown in Equation 5. Power Register content is multiplied by Power LSB which is 20 times the Current_LSB for a power value in watts. Current Re gister ´ Bus Voltage Re gister Power Register = 5000 (5) 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 Programming (continued) 8.5.2 Programming the Power Measurement Engine 8.5.2.1 Calibration Register and Scaling The Calibration Register enables the user to scale the Current Register (04h) and Power Register (03h) to the most useful value for a given application. For example, set the Calibration Register such that the largest possible number is generated in the Current Register (04h) or Power Register (03h) at the expected full-scale point. This approach yields the highest resolution using the previously calculated minimum Current_LSB in the equation for the Calibration Register. The Calibration Register can also be selected to provide values in the Current Register (04h) and Power Register (03h) that either provide direct decimal equivalents of the values being measured, or yield a round LSB value for each corresponding register. After these choices have been made, the Calibration Register also offers possibilities for end user system-level calibration. After determining the exact current by using an external ammeter, the value of the Calibration Register can then be adjusted based on the measured current result of the INA219 to cancel the total system error as shown in Equation 6. Corrected_Full_Scale_Cal = trunc Cal ´ MeasShuntCurrent INA219_Current (6) 8.5.3 Simple Current Shunt Monitor Usage (No Programming Necessary) The INA219 can be used without any programming if it is only necessary to read a shunt voltage drop and bus voltage with the default 12-bit resolution, 320-mV shunt full-scale range (PGA = /8), 32-V bus full-scale range, and continuous conversion of shunt and bus voltage. Without programming, current is measured by reading the shunt voltage. The Current register and Power register are only available if the Calibration register contains a programmed value. 8.5.4 Default Settings The default power-up states of the registers are shown in the Register Details section of this data sheet. These registers are volatile, and if programmed to other than default values, must be re-programmed at every device power-up. Detailed information on programming the Calibration register specifically is given in the section, Programming the Calibration Register. 8.5.5 Bus Overview The INA219 offers compatibility with both I2C and SMBus interfaces. The I2C and SMBus protocols are essentially compatible with one another. The I2C interface is used throughout this data sheet as the primary example, with SMBus protocol specified only when a difference between the two systems is being addressed. Two bidirectional lines, SCL and SDA, connect the INA219 to the bus. Both SCL and SDA are open-drain connections. The device that initiates the transfer is called a master, and the devices controlled by the master are slaves. The bus must be controlled by a master device that generates the serial clock (SCL), controls the bus access, and generates START and STOP conditions. To address a specific device, the master initiates a START condition by pulling the data signal line (SDA) from a HIGH to a LOW logic level while SCL is HIGH. All slaves on the bus shift in the slave address byte on the rising edge of SCL, with the last bit indicating whether a read or write operation is intended. During the ninth clock pulse, the slave being addressed responds to the master by generating an Acknowledge and pulling SDA LOW. Data transfer is then initiated and eight bits of data are sent, followed by an Acknowledge bit. During data transfer, SDA must remain stable while SCL is HIGH. Any change in SDA while SCL is HIGH is interpreted as a START or STOP condition. Once all data have been transferred, the master generates a STOP condition, indicated by pulling SDA from LOW to HIGH while SCL is HIGH. The INA219 includes a 28-ms timeout on its interface to prevent locking up an SMBus. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 13 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Programming (continued) 8.5.5.1 Serial Bus Address To communicate with the INA219, the master must first address slave devices through a slave address byte. The slave address byte consists of seven address bits, and a direction bit indicating the intent of executing a read or write operation. The INA219 has two address pins, A0 and A1. Table 1 describes the pin logic levels for each of the 16 possible addresses. The state of pins A0 and A1 is sampled on every bus communication and should be set before any activity on the interface occurs. The address pins are read at the start of each communication event. Table 1. INA219 Address Pins and Slave Addresses A1 A0 SLAVE ADDRESS GND GND 1000000 GND VS+ 1000001 GND SDA 1000010 GND SCL 1000011 VS+ GND 1000100 VS+ VS+ 1000101 VS+ SDA 1000110 VS+ SCL 1000111 SDA GND 1001000 SDA VS+ 1001001 SDA SDA 1001010 SDA SCL 1001011 SCL GND 1001100 SCL VS+ 1001101 SCL SDA 1001110 SCL SCL 1001111 8.5.5.2 Serial Interface The INA219 operates only as a slave device on the I2C bus and SMBus. Connections to the bus are made through the open-drain I/O lines SDA and SCL. The SDA and SCL pins feature integrated spike suppression filters and Schmitt triggers to minimize the effects of input spikes and bus noise. The INA219 supports the transmission protocol for fast (1- to 400-kHz) and high-speed (1-kHz to 2.56-MHz) modes. All data bytes are transmitted most significant byte first. 8.5.6 Writing to and Reading from the INA219 Accessing a particular register on the INA219 is accomplished by writing the appropriate value to the register pointer. Refer to Table 2 for a complete list of registers and corresponding addresses. The value for the register pointer as shown in Figure 18 is the first byte transferred after the slave address byte with the R/W bit LOW. Every write operation to the INA219 requires a value for the register pointer. Writing to a register begins with the first byte transmitted by the master. This byte is the slave address, with the R/W bit LOW. The INA219 then acknowledges receipt of a valid address. The next byte transmitted by the master is the address of the register to which data will be written. This register address value updates the register pointer to the desired register. The next two bytes are written to the register addressed by the register pointer. The INA219 acknowledges receipt of each data byte. The master may terminate data transfer by generating a START or STOP condition. When reading from the INA219, the last value stored in the register pointer by a write operation determines which register is read during a read operation. To change the register pointer for a read operation, a new value must be written to the register pointer. This write is accomplished by issuing a slave address byte with the R/W bit LOW, followed by the register pointer byte. No additional data are required. The master then generates a START condition and sends the slave address byte with the R/W bit HIGH to initiate the read command. The next byte is transmitted by the slave and is the most significant byte of the register indicated by the register 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 pointer. This byte is followed by an Acknowledge from the master; then the slave transmits the least significant byte. The master acknowledges receipt of the data byte. The master may terminate data transfer by generating a Not-Acknowledge after receiving any data byte, or generating a START or STOP condition. If repeated reads from the same register are desired, it is not necessary to continually send the register pointer bytes; the INA219 retains the register pointer value until it is changed by the next write operation. Figure 15 and Figure 16 show write and read operation timing diagrams, respectively. Note that register bytes are sent most-significant byte first, followed by the least significant byte. Figure 17 shows the timing diagram for the SMBus Alert response operation. Figure 18 shows a typical register pointer configuration. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 15 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 1 9 1 9 1 9 1 9 SCL SDA 1 0 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W Start By Master P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 ACK By INA219 Frame 1 Two-Wire Slave Address Byte P0 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 (1) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK By INA219 ACK By INA219 Frame 2 Register Pointer Byte ACK By INA219 Frame 3 Data MSByte Stop By Master Frame 4 Data LSByte NOTE (1): The value of the Slave Address Byte is determined by the settings of the A0 and A1 pins. Refer to Table 1. Figure 15. Timing Diagram for Write Word Format 1 9 1 9 1 9 SCL SDA 1 0 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W Start By Master D15 D14 ACK By INA219 Frame 1 Two-Wire Slave Address Byte (1) D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 From INA219 Frame 2 Data MSByte D7 D8 D6 ACK By Master (2) D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 From INA219 Frame 3 Data LSByte D0 NoACK By Master (3) Stop (2) NOTES: (1) The value of the Slave Address Byte is determined by the settings of the A0 and A1 pins. Refer to Table 1. (2) Read data is from the last register pointer location. If a new register is desired, the register pointer must be updated. See Figure 19. (3) ACK by Master can also be sent. Figure 16. Timing Diagram for Read Word Format 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 ALERT 1 9 1 9 SCL SDA 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 R/W Start By Master 0 0 A3 A2 ACK By INA219 A1 A0 0 From INA219 Frame 1 SMBus ALERT Response Address Byte Frame 2 Slave Address Byte NACK By Master Stop By Master (1) NOTE (1): The value of the Slave Address Byte is determined by the settings of the A0 and A1 pins. Refer to Table 1. Figure 17. Timing Diagram for SMBus Alert 1 9 1 9 SCL ¼ SDA 1 0 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W Start By Master P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 ACK By INA219 Frame 1 Two-Wire Slave Address Byte (1) P0 Stop ACK By INA219 Frame 2 Register Pointer Byte NOTE (1): The value of the Slave Address Byte is determined by the settings of the A0 and A1 pins. Refer to Table 1. Figure 18. Typical Register Pointer Set 8.5.6.1 High-Speed I2C Mode When the bus is idle, both the SDA and SCL lines are pulled high by the pull-up devices. The master generates a start condition followed by a valid serial byte containing high-speed (HS) master code 00001XXX. This transmission is made in fast (400 kbps) or standard (100 kbps) (F/S) mode at no more than 400 kbps. The INA219 does not acknowledge the HS master code, but does recognize it and switches its internal filters to support 2.56 Mbps operation. The master then generates a repeated start condition (a repeated start condition has the same timing as the start condition). After this repeated start condition, the protocol is the same as F/S mode, except that transmission speeds up to 2.56 Mbps are allowed. Instead of using a stop condition, repeated start conditions should be used to secure the bus in HS-mode. A stop condition ends the HS-mode and switches all the internal filters of the INA219 to support the F/S mode. For bus timing, see Bus Timing Diagram Definitions (1) and Figure 1. 8.5.6.2 Power-Up Conditions Power-up conditions apply to a software reset through the RST bit (bit 15) in the Configuration register, or the I2C bus General Call Reset. (1) Values based on a statistical analysis of a one-time sample of devices. Minimum and maximum values are not ensured and not production tested. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 17 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 8.6 Register Maps 8.6.1 Register Information The INA219 uses a bank of registers for holding configuration settings, measurement results, maximum/minimum limits, and status information. Table 2 summarizes the INA219 registers; Functional Block Diagram shows registers. Register contents are updated 4 μs after completion of the write command. Therefore, a 4-μs delay is required between completion of a write to a given register and a subsequent read of that register (without changing the pointer) when using SCL frequencies in excess of 1 MHz. Table 2. Summary of Register Set POINTER ADDRESS REGISTER NAME FUNCTION HEX (1) (2) 18 POWER-ON RESET TYPE (1) BINARY HEX 00 Configuration All-register reset, settings for bus voltage range, PGA Gain, ADC resolution/averaging. 00111001 10011111 399F R/W 01 Shunt voltage Shunt voltage measurement data. Shunt voltage — R 02 Bus voltage 03 Power (2) Bus voltage measurement data. Bus voltage — R Power measurement data. 00000000 00000000 0000 R 04 Current (2) Contains the value of the current flowing through the shunt resistor. 00000000 00000000 0000 R 05 Calibration Sets full-scale range and LSB of current and power measurements. Overall system calibration. 00000000 00000000 0000 R/W Type: R = Read only, R/W = Read/Write. The Power register and Current register default to 0 because the Calibration register defaults to 0, yielding a zero current value until the Calibration register is programmed. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 8.6.2 Register Details All INA219 16-bit registers are actually two 8-bit bytes through the I2C interface. 8.6.2.1 Configuration Register (address = 00h) [reset = 399Fh] Figure 19. Configuration Register 15 14 13 12 11 RST — BRNG PG1 PG0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 10 BADC 4 R/W-0 9 BADC 3 R/W-0 8 BADC 2 R/W-1 7 BADC 1 R/W-1 6 SADC 4 R/W-0 5 SADC 3 R/W-0 4 SADC 2 R/W-1 3 SADC 1 R/W-1 2 1 0 MODE MODE MODE 3 2 1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset Table 3. Bit Descriptions RST: Reset Bit Bit 15 Setting this bit to '1' generates a system reset that is the same as power-on reset. Resets all registers to default values; this bit self-clears. BRNG: Bus Voltage Range Bit 13 0 = 16V FSR 1 = 32V FSR (default value) PG: PGA (Shunt Voltage Only) Bits 11, 12 Sets PGA gain and range. Note that the PGA defaults to ÷8 (320mV range). Table 4 shows the gain and range for the various product gain settings. Table 4. PG Bit Settings (1) (1) PG1 PG0 GAIN Range 0 0 0 1 ±40 mV 1 /2 ±80 mV 1 0 /4 ±160 mV 1 1 /8 ±320 mV Shaded values are default. BADC: BADC Bus ADC Resolution/Averaging Bits 7–10 These bits adjust the Bus ADC resolution (9-, 10-, 11-, or 12-bit) or set the number of samples used when averaging results for the Bus Voltage Register (02h). Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 19 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com SADC: SADC Shunt ADC Resolution/Averaging Bits 3–6 These bits adjust the Shunt ADC resolution (9-, 10-, 11-, or 12-bit) or set the number of samples used when averaging results for the Shunt Voltage Register (01h). BADC (Bus) and SADC (Shunt) ADC resolution/averaging and conversion time settings are shown in Table 5. Table 5. ADC Settings (1) (1) (2) ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 Mode/Samples Conversion Time 0 X (2) 0 0 9 bit 84 μs 0 X (2) 0 1 10 bit 148 μs 0 X (2) 1 0 11 bit 276 μs 0 X (2) 1 1 12 bit 532 μs 1 0 0 0 12 bit 532 μs 1 0 0 1 2 1.06 ms 1 0 1 0 4 2.13 ms 1 0 1 1 8 4.26 ms 1 1 0 0 16 8.51 ms 1 1 0 1 32 17.02 ms 1 1 1 0 64 34.05 ms 1 1 1 1 128 68.10 ms Shaded values are default. X = Don't care MODE: Operating Mode Bits 0–2 Selects continuous, triggered, or power-down mode of operation. These bits default to continuous shunt and bus measurement mode. The mode settings are shown in Table 6. Table 6. Mode Settings (1) (1) MODE3 MODE2 MODE1 MODE 0 0 0 Power-down 0 0 1 Shunt voltage, triggered 0 1 0 Bus voltage, triggered 0 1 1 Shunt and bus, triggered 1 0 0 ADC off (disabled) 1 0 1 Shunt voltage, continuous 1 1 0 Bus voltage, continuous 1 1 1 Shunt and bus, continuous Shaded values are default. 8.6.3 Data Output Registers 8.6.3.1 Shunt Voltage Register (address = 01h) The Shunt Voltage register stores the current shunt voltage reading, VSHUNT. Shunt Voltage register bits are shifted according to the PGA setting selected in the Configuration register (00h). When multiple sign bits are present, they will all be the same value. Negative numbers are represented in 2's complement format. Generate the 2's complement of a negative number by complementing the absolute value binary number and adding 1. Extend the sign, denoting a negative number by setting the MSB = 1. Extend the sign to any additional sign bits to form the 16-bit word. Example: For a value of VSHUNT = –320 mV: 1. Take the absolute value (include accuracy to 0.01 mV) → 320.00 2. Translate this number to a whole decimal number → 32000 3. Convert it to binary → 111 1101 0000 0000 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 4. Complement the binary result : 000 0010 1111 1111 5. Add 1 to the Complement to create the Two’s Complement formatted result → 000 0011 0000 0000 6. Extend the sign and create the 16-bit word: 1000 0011 0000 0000 = 8300h (Remember to extend the sign to all sign-bits, as necessary based on the PGA setting.) At PGA = /8, full-scale range = ±320 mV (decimal = 32000). For VSHUNT = +320 mV, Value = 7D00h; For VSHUNT = –320 mV, Value = 8300h; and LSB = 10µV. Figure 20. Shunt Voltage Register at PGA = /8 15 SIGN 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SD14_ SD13_ SD12_ SD11_ SD10_ SD9_8 SD8_8 SD7_8 SD6_8 SD5_8 SD4_8 SD3_8 SD2_8 SD1_8 SD0_8 8 8 8 8 8 At PGA = /4, full-scale range = ±160 mV (decimal = 16000). For VSHUNT = +160 mV, Value = 3E80h; For VSHUNT = –160 mV, Value = C180h; and LSB = 10µV. Figure 21. Shunt Voltage Register at PGA = /4 15 14 SIGN SIGN 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SD13_ SD12_ SD11_ SD10_ SD9_4 SD8_4 SD7_4 SD6_4 SD5_4 SD4_4 SD3_4 SD2_4 SD1_4 SD0_4 4 4 4 4 At PGA = /2, full-scale range = ±80 mV (decimal = 8000). For VSHUNT = +80 mV, Value = 1F40h; For VSHUNT = –80 mV; Value = E0C0h; and LSB = 10µV. Figure 22. Shunt Voltage Register at PGA = /2 15 14 13 SIGN SIGN SIGN 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SD12_ SD11_ SD10_ SD9_2 SD8_2 SD7_2 SD6_2 SD5_2 SD4_2 SD3_2 SD2_2 SD1_2 SD0_2 2 2 2 At PGA = /1, full-scale range = ±40 mV (decimal = 4000). For VSHUNT = +40 mV, Value = 0FA0h; For VSHUNT = –40 mV, Value = F060h; and LSB = 10µV. Figure 23. Shunt Voltage Register at PGA = /1 15 14 13 12 SIGN SIGN SIGN SIGN 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SD11_ SD10_ SD9_1 SD8_1 SD7_1 SD6_1 SD5_1 SD4_1 SD3_1 SD2_1 SD1_1 SD0_1 1 1 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 21 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Table 7. Shunt Voltage Register Format (1) VSHUNT Reading (mV) Decimal Value PGA = /8 (D15:D0) PGA = /4 (D15:D0) PGA = /2 (D15:D0) PGA = /1 (D15:D0) 320.02 32002 0111 1101 0000 0000 0011 1110 1000 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 320.01 32001 0111 1101 0000 0000 0011 1110 1000 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 320.00 32000 0111 1101 0000 0000 0011 1110 1000 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 319.99 31999 0111 1100 1111 1111 0011 1110 1000 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 319.98 31998 0111 1100 1111 1110 0011 1110 1000 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 160.02 16002 0011 1110 1000 0010 0011 1110 1000 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 160.01 16001 0011 1110 1000 0001 0011 1110 1000 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 160.00 16000 0011 1110 1000 0000 0011 1110 1000 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 159.99 15999 0011 1110 0111 1111 0011 1110 0111 1111 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 159.98 15998 0011 1110 0111 1110 0011 1110 0111 1110 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 80.02 8002 0001 1111 0100 0010 0001 1111 0100 0010 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 80.01 8001 0001 1111 0100 0001 0001 1111 0100 0001 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 80.00 8000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0001 1111 0100 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 79.99 7999 0001 1111 0011 1111 0001 1111 0011 1111 0001 1111 0011 1111 0000 1111 1010 0000 79.98 7998 0001 1111 0011 1110 0001 1111 0011 1110 0001 1111 0011 1110 0000 1111 1010 0000 40.02 4002 0000 1111 1010 0010 0000 1111 1010 0010 0000 1111 1010 0010 0000 1111 1010 0000 40.01 4001 0000 1111 1010 0001 0000 1111 1010 0001 0000 1111 1010 0001 0000 1111 1010 0000 40.00 4000 0000 1111 1010 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 0000 1111 1010 0000 39.99 3999 0000 1111 1001 1111 0000 1111 1001 1111 0000 1111 1001 1111 0000 1111 1001 1111 39.98 3998 0000 1111 1001 1110 0000 1111 1001 1110 0000 1111 1001 1110 0000 1111 1001 1110 0.02 2 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 0000 0010 0.01 1 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0001 0 0 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 –0.01 –1 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 –0.02 –2 1111 1111 1111 1110 1111 1111 1111 1110 1111 1111 1111 1110 1111 1111 1111 1110 –39.98 –3998 1111 0000 0110 0010 1111 0000 0110 0010 1111 0000 0110 0010 1111 0000 0110 0010 –39.99 –3999 1111 0000 0110 0001 1111 0000 0110 0001 1111 0000 0110 0001 1111 0000 0110 0001 –40.00 –4000 1111 0000 0110 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –40.01 –4001 1111 0000 0101 1111 1111 0000 0101 1111 1111 0000 0101 1111 1111 0000 0110 0000 –40.02 –4002 1111 0000 0101 1110 1111 0000 0101 1110 1111 0000 0101 1110 1111 0000 0110 0000 –79.98 –7998 1110 0000 1100 0010 1110 0000 1100 0010 1110 0000 1100 0010 1111 0000 0110 0000 –79.99 –7999 1110 0000 1100 0001 1110 0000 1100 0001 1110 0000 1100 0001 1111 0000 0110 0000 –80.00 –8000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –80.01 –8001 1110 0000 1011 1111 1110 0000 1011 1111 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –80.02 –8002 1110 0000 1011 1110 1110 0000 1011 1110 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –159.98 –15998 1100 0001 1000 0010 1100 0001 1000 0010 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –159.99 –15999 1100 0001 1000 0001 1100 0001 1000 0001 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –160.00 –16000 1100 0001 1000 0000 1100 0001 1000 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –160.01 –16001 1100 0001 0111 1111 1100 0001 1000 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –160.02 –16002 1100 0001 0111 1110 1100 0001 1000 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –319.98 –31998 1000 0011 0000 0010 1100 0001 1000 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –319.99 –31999 1000 0011 0000 0001 1100 0001 1000 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –320.00 –32000 1000 0011 0000 0000 1100 0001 1000 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –320.01 –32001 1000 0011 0000 0000 1100 0001 1000 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 –320.02 –32002 1000 0011 0000 0000 1100 0001 1000 0000 1110 0000 1100 0000 1111 0000 0110 0000 (1) 22 Out-of-range values are shown in gray shading. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 8.6.3.2 Bus Voltage Register (address = 02h) The Bus Voltage register stores the most recent bus voltage reading, VBUS. At full-scale range = 32 V (decimal = 8000, hex = 1F40), and LSB = 4 mV. Figure 24. Bus Voltage Register 15 BD12 14 BD11 13 BD10 12 BD9 11 BD8 10 BD7 9 BD6 8 BD5 7 BD4 6 BD3 5 BD2 4 BD1 3 BD0 2 — 1 CNVR 0 OVF At full-scale range = 16 V (decimal = 4000, hex = 0FA0), and LSB = 4 mV. CNVR: Conversion Ready Bit 1 Although the data from the last conversion can be read at any time, the INA219 Conversion Ready bit (CNVR) indicates when data from a conversion is available in the data output registers. The CNVR bit is set after all conversions, averaging, and multiplications are complete. CNVR will clear under the following conditions: 1.) Writing a new mode into the Operating Mode bits in the Configuration Register (except for Power-Down or Disable) 2.) Reading the Power Register OVF: Math Overflow Flag Bit 0 The Math Overflow Flag (OVF) is set when the Power or Current calculations are out of range. It indicates that current and power data may be meaningless. 8.6.3.3 Power Register (address = 03h) [reset = 00h] Full-scale range and LSB are set by the Calibration register. See the Programming the Calibration Register. Figure 25. Power Register 15 PD15 R-0 14 PD14 R-0 13 PD13 R-0 12 PD12 R-0 11 PD11 R-0 10 PD10 R-0 9 PD9 R-0 8 PD8 R-0 7 PD7 R-0 6 PD6 R-0 5 PD5 R-0 4 PD4 R-0 3 PD3 R-0 2 PD2 R-0 1 PD1 R-0 0 PD0 R-0 LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset The Power register records power in watts by multiplying the values of the current with the value of the bus voltage according to the equation Equation 5: 8.6.3.4 Current Register (address = 04h) [reset = 00h] Full-scale range and LSB depend on the value entered in the Calibration register. See Programming the Calibration Register for more information. Negative values are stored in 2's complement format. Figure 26. Current Register 15 CSIGN R-0 14 CD14 R-0 13 CD13 R-0 12 CD12 R-0 11 CD11 R-0 10 CD10 R-0 9 CD9 R-0 8 CD8 R-0 7 CD7 R-0 6 CD6 R-0 5 CD5 R-0 4 CD4 R-0 3 CD3 R-0 2 CD2 R-0 1 CD1 R-0 0 CD0 R-0 LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset The value of the Current register is calculated by multiplying the value in the Shunt Voltage register with the value in the Calibration register according to the Equation 4: 8.6.4 Calibration Register 8.6.4.1 Calibration Register (address = 05h) [reset = 00h] Current and power calibration are set by bits FS15 to FS1 of the Calibration register. Note that bit FS0 is not used in the calculation. This register sets the current that corresponds to a full-scale drop across the shunt. Fullscale range and the LSB of the current and power measurement depend on the value entered in this register. See the Programming the Calibration Register. This register is suitable for use in overall system calibration. Note that the 0 POR values are all default. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 23 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Figure 27. Calibration Register (1) 15 FS15 R/W-0 14 FS14 R/W-0 13 FS13 R/W-0 12 FS12 R/W-0 11 FS11 R/W-0 10 FS10 R/W-0 9 FS9 R/W-0 8 FS8 R/W-0 7 FS7 R/W-0 6 FS6 R/W-0 5 FS5 R/W-0 4 FS4 R/W-0 3 FS3 R/W-0 2 FS2 R/W-0 1 FS1 R/W-0 0 FS0 R-0 LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset (1) 24 FS0 is a void bit and will always be 0. It is not possible to write a 1 to FS0. CALIBRATION is the value stored in FS15:FS1. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 9 Application and Implementation NOTE Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality. 9.1 Application Information The INA219 is a current shunt and power monitor with an I2C- and SMBus-compatible interface. The device monitors both a shunt voltage drop and bus supply voltage. Programmable calibration value, combined with an internal multiplier, enable readouts of current and power. 9.2 Typical Application Figure 28 shows a typical application circuit for the INA219. Use a 0.1-μF ceramic capacitor for power-supply bypassing, placed as closely as possible to the supply and ground pins. The input filter circuit consisting of RF1, RF2, and CF is not necessary in most applications. If the need for filtering is unknown, reserve board space for the components and install 0-Ω resistors for RF1 and RF2 and leave CF unpopulated, unless a filter is needed (see Filtering and Input Considerations). The pull-up resistors shown on the SDA and SCL lines are not needed if there are pullup resistors on these same lines elsewhere in the system. Resistor values shown are typical: consult either the I2C or SMBus specification to determine the acceptable minimum or maximum values and also refer to the Specifications for Output Current Limitations. Supply Voltage (INA219 Power Supply Range is 3V to 5.5V) RSHUNT Power Bus (0V to 26V) Load RF1 RF2 CBYPASS 0.1mF (typical) CF VIN+ RPULLUP 3.3kW (typical) VIN- INA219 ´ RPULLUP 3.3kW (typical) SDA Power Register SCL 2 Current Register PGA IC Interface ADC Data (SDA) Clock (SCL) A0 A1 Voltage Register GND Figure 28. Typical Application Circuit 9.2.1 Design Requirements The INA219 measures the voltage across a current-sensing resistor (RSHUNT) when current passes through the resistor. The device also measures the bus supply voltage, and calculates power when calibrated. This section goes through the steps to program the device for power measurements, and shows the register results Table 8. The Conditions for the example circuit is: Maximum expected load current = 15 A, Nominal load current = 10 A, VCM = 12 V, RSHUNT = 2 mΩ, VSHUNT FSR = 40 mV (PGA = /1), and BRNG = 0 (VBUS range = 16 V). 9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure Figure 29 shows a nominal 10-A load that creates a differential voltage of 20 mV across a 2-mΩ shunt resistor. The common mode is at 12 volts and the voltage present at the IN– pin is equal to the common-mode voltage minus the differential drop across the resistor. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 25 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Typical Application (continued) For this example, the minimum-current LSB is calculated to be 457.78 µA/bit, assuming a maximum expected current of 15 A using Equation 2. This value is rounded up to 1 mA/bit and is chosen for the current LSB. Setting the current LSB to this value allows for sufficient precision while serving to simplify the math as well. Using Equation 1 results in a calibration value of 20480 (5000h). This value is then programmed into the Calibration register. +3.3V to +5V +12V VCM RSHUNT 2mW 10µF 10A Load 0.1µF VS (Supply Voltage) ´ Power Register V VIN+ Current Register VIN- Voltage Register I2C-/ SMBUSCompatible Interface SDA SCL A0 I A1 GND Figure 29. Example Circuit Configuration The bus voltage is internally measured at the IN– pin to calculate the voltage level delivered to the load. The Bus Voltage register bits are not right-aligned; therefore, they must be shifted right by three bits. Multiply the shifted contents by the 4-mV LSB to compute the bus voltage measured by the device in volts. The shifted value of the Bus Voltage register contents is equal to BB3h, the decimal equivalent of 2995. This value of 2995 is multiplied by the 4-mV LSB, and results in a value of 11.98 V. As shown, the voltage at the IN– pin is 11.98 V. For a 40mV, full-scale range, this small difference is not a significant deviation from the 12-V common-mode voltage. However, at larger full-scale ranges, this deviation can be much larger. The Current register content is internally calculated using Equation 4, and the result of 10000 (2710h) is automatically loaded into the register. Current in amperes is equal to 1 mA/bit times 10000, and results in a 10-A load current. The Power register content is internally calculated using Equation 5 and the result of 5990 (1766h) is automatically loaded into the register. Multiplying this result by the Power register LSB 20 × 10–3(20 times 1 × 10–3 current LSB using Equation 3), results in a power calculation of 5990 × 20 mW/bit, and equals 119.8 W. This result matches what is expected for this register. A calculation for the power delivered to the load uses 11.98 V (12 VCM – 20-mV shunt drop) multiplied by the load current of 10 A to give a 119.8-W result. 9.2.2.1 Register Results for the Example Circuit Table 8 shows the register readings for the Calibration example. Table 8. Register Results (1) (1) 26 REGISTER NAME ADDRESS CONTENTS ADJ Configuration 00h 019Fh Shunt 01h 07D0h Bus 02h 5D98h Calibration 05h 5000h 20480 Current 04h 2710h 10000 1 mA 10.0 A Power 03h 1766h 5990 20 mW 119.8 W 0BB3 DEC LSB VALUE 2000 10 µV 20 mV 2995 4 mV 11.98 V Conditions: load = 10 A, VCM = 12 V, RSHUNT = 2 mΩ, VSHUNT FSR = 40 mV, and VBUS = VIN-, BRNG = 0 (VBUS range = 16 V). Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 INA219 www.ti.com SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 10 Power Supply Recommendations The input circuitry of the device can accurately measure signals on common-mode voltages beyond its power supply voltage, VS. For example, the voltage applied to the VS power supply terminal can be 5 V, whereas the load power-supply voltage being monitored (the common-mode voltage) can be as high as 26 V. Note also that the device can withstand the full 0-V to 26-V range at the input terminals, regardless of whether the device has power applied or not. Place the required power-supply bypass capacitors as close as possible to the supply and ground terminals of the device to ensure stability. A typical value for this supply bypass capacitor is 0.1 μF. Applications with noisy or high-impedance power supplies may require additional decoupling capacitors to reject power-supply noise. 11 Layout 11.1 Layout Guidelines Connect the input pins (IN+ and IN–) to the sensing resistor using a Kelvin connection or a 4-wire connection. These connection techniques ensure that only the current-sensing resistor impedance is detected between the input pins. Poor routing of the current-sensing resistor commonly results in additional resistance present between the input pins. Given the very low ohmic value of the current-sensing resistor, any additional high-current carrying impedance causes significant measurement errors. Place the power-supply bypass capacitor as close as possible to the supply and ground pins. 11.2 Layout Example A1 A0 IN+ Sense/Shunt Resistor IN± SDA GND SCL VS 2 I C-/ SMBUS compatible interface Supply bypass capacitor Via to Ground Plane Via to Power Plane Figure 30. Recommended Layout Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 27 INA219 SBOS448G – AUGUST 2008 – REVISED DECEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 12 Device and Documentation Support 12.1 Community Resources The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of Use. TI E2E™ Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help solve problems with fellow engineers. Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and contact information for technical support. 12.2 Trademarks E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 12.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. 12.4 Glossary SLYZ022 — TI Glossary. This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions. 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation. 28 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: INA219 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 15-Apr-2017 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (2) (6) (3) Op Temp (°C) Device Marking (4/5) HPA00900AIDCNR ACTIVE SOT-23 DCN 8 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -25 to 85 A219 INA219AID ACTIVE SOIC D 8 75 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 I219A INA219AIDCNR ACTIVE SOT-23 DCN 8 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 A219 INA219AIDCNRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DCN 8 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 A219 INA219AIDCNT ACTIVE SOT-23 DCN 8 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 A219 INA219AIDCNTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DCN 8 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 A219 INA219AIDR ACTIVE SOIC D 8 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 I219A INA219BID ACTIVE SOIC D 8 75 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 I219B INA219BIDCNR ACTIVE SOT-23 DCN 8 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 B219 INA219BIDCNT ACTIVE SOT-23 DCN 8 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 B219 INA219BIDR ACTIVE SOIC D 8 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 I219B (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Addendum-Page 1 Samples PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 15-Apr-2017 Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device. (6) Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. 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Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 18-Oct-2016 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) INA219AIDCNR SOT-23 DCN 8 3000 179.0 INA219AIDCNT SOT-23 DCN 8 250 INA219AIDR SOIC D 8 2500 INA219BIDCNR SOT-23 DCN 8 INA219BIDCNT SOT-23 DCN INA219BIDR SOIC D B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) 8.4 3.2 3.2 1.4 4.0 179.0 8.4 3.2 3.2 1.4 330.0 12.5 6.4 5.2 2.1 3000 179.0 8.4 3.2 3.2 8 250 179.0 8.4 3.2 8 2500 330.0 12.5 6.4 Pack Materials-Page 1 W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 8.0 Q3 4.0 8.0 Q3 8.0 12.0 Q1 1.4 4.0 8.0 Q3 3.2 1.4 4.0 8.0 Q3 5.2 2.1 8.0 12.0 Q1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 18-Oct-2016 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) INA219AIDCNR SOT-23 DCN 8 3000 195.0 200.0 45.0 INA219AIDCNT SOT-23 DCN 8 250 195.0 200.0 45.0 INA219AIDR SOIC D 8 2500 340.5 338.1 20.6 INA219BIDCNR SOT-23 DCN 8 3000 195.0 200.0 45.0 INA219BIDCNT SOT-23 DCN 8 250 195.0 200.0 45.0 INA219BIDR SOIC D 8 2500 340.5 338.1 20.6 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) reserves the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. 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