Keysight Technologies M9081A Bluetooth® X-Series Measurement Application for PXIe Vector Signal Analyzers Technical Overview –– Measure Bluetooth RF transmitter performance, compliant to Bluetooth RF test specifications 2.1+EDR and Low Energy (RF-PHY.TS/4.0.0) –– Perform one-button tests with pass/fail limits per Bluetooth RF test specifications –– PC-based SCPI remote interface and manual user interface –– Leverage built-in context sensitive help with SCPI command reference –– Transportable license supports up to four PXI VSA channels in one mainframe Bluetooth measurement application Expand the capabilities of your M9391A and M9393A PXIe vector signal analyzers (PXI VSAs) with Keysight's library of measurement applications - the same applications used to increase the capability and functionality of its X-Series signal analyzers. Eleven of the most popular applications are now available for use with Keysight's new M9393A PXIe performance VSA and the M9391A PXI VSA. When you combine the raw hardware speeds of the PXI VSAs and the X-Series measurement applications for modular instruments, you can test more products in less time, while ensuring measurement continuity from design to manufacturing. hardware drivers for the fastest power and spectrum-based measurements, while simultaneously using the X-Series applications for fast modulation quality measurements and the 89600 VSA software for fast spectrum measurements. The M9081A Bluetooth measurement application transforms the PXI VSAs into standard-based Bluetooth RF transmitter testers by adding fast, one-button RF conformance measurements to help you design, evaluate, and manufacture your Bluetooth devices. The measurement application is standard-compliant to the Bluetooth Core Specification to verify your Bluetooth design with confidence and support manufacturing with a single application covering basic rate, EDR and low energy technologies for production. Proven algorithms and a common user interface across the X-Series analyzers and modular PXI VSAs create a consistent measurement framework for signal analysis that ensures repeatable results and measurement integrity so you can leverage your test system software through all phases of product development. The Bluetooth measurement application is just one in a common library of several measurement applications. You can further extend your test assets by utilizing up to four PXI VSAs with one software license. Keysight's X-Series applications for modular instruments also include a unique "Resource Manager" that provides direct access to PXI VSA Figure 2. Resource Manager is included with all X-Series measurement applications for modular instruments. 2 Bluetooth technology overview Bluetooth is an open wireless technology standard for exchanging voice and data over short distances between fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks (PANs) with high levels of security. Bluetooth wireless technology eliminates the need for interconnection cables between information appliances. Bluetooth low energy and Classic Bluetooth technology; single-mode chips support only Bluetooth low energy. The low energy wireless technology is part of the Core Specification v4.0. The Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), chartered to advance and promote Bluetooth wireless technology, has defined a test specification for conformance testing on the RF layer. Table 1. Key Bluetooth parameters Bluetooth uses a radio technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS), and the design emphasis is on very low power, extremely low cost, and robust operation in the globally unlicensed, interference-dominated RF environment of the Industry, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band at 2.4 GHz. In Classic Bluetooth, which is also referred to as basic rate (BR) mode, the modulation is Gaussian frequency-shift keying (GFSK). It can achieve a gross data rate of 1 Mbit/s. Additionally, the Bluetooth new Core Specification version 2.1 + EDR, has been published by the SIG with security improvements, simplified pairing and power consumption. These will offer more advances in short range wireless technology and make it easier for consumers to connect. Bluetooth (Basic rate) Bluetooth (Enhanced data rate) Bluetooth (Low energy) Frequency range1 2400 to 2483.5 MHz 2400 to 2483.5 MHz 2400 to 2483.5 MHz 2 Modulation GFSK Header: GFSK Data: π/4-DQPSK, 8DPSK GFSK Frequency hopping FHSS with 1600 hops/s (in normal operation)3 FHSS with 1600 hops/s (in normal operation)3 FHSS with 1600 hops/s (in normal operation)3 Duplex method TDD TDD TDD Channel spacing 1 MHz 1 MHz 2 MHz Data rate 1 Mbps 2 to 3 Mbps 1 Mbps 1. The Bluetooth specification includes a special frequency hopping pattern to provide provisions for compliance with national limitations such as those in France. The frequency range for France is 2445.4 to 2483.5 MHz and the corresponding RF channels are f = 2454 + k MHz, K = 0, …,22. 2. The Bluetooth low energy system uses center frequencies 2402 + k x 2 MHz (k = 0…39). 3. Hop speed may vary, depending on packet length Enhanced data rate (EDR) is an enhancement to the Bluetooth Core Specification version 1.2 (v1.2) and is described in the Bluetooth version 2.0 specification. It uses π/4-DQPSK and 8DPSK modulation giving 2 and 3 Mbit/s data transfer rates, respectively. Bluetooth low energy (LE) technology was finalized in December 2009 by the Bluetooth SIG. This ultra low power Bluetooth technology is intended to discover new use case scenarios for tiny low power devices that were not served by existing local connectivity solutions. Two modes have been designed: single-mode and dual mode. The Bluetooth low energy dual-mode chips support both 3 RF transmitter tests With the PXI VSAs and the Bluetooth measurement application, you can perform the RF layer test procedure and specification (TSS/TP 4). Standard-based RF transmitter tests The Bluetooth specifications are developed and licensed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG). The Bluetooth Test Specification document contains the Test Suite Structure (TSS) and Test Purpose (TP) to test the Bluetooth RF layer including Enhanced Data Rate. This specifica- tion is a basis for conformance tests of Bluetooth devices, giving a high probability of air interface inter-operability between different manufacturer’s Bluetooth devices. For the Bluetooth low energy, it is integrated into an existing Classic Bluetooth controller, so its architecture shares much of Classic Bluetooth’s existing radio and functionality resulting in a minimal cost increase compared to Classic Bluetooth. The Keysight X-Series Bluetooth measurement application refers to the following Bluetooth RF test specifications: –– Bluetooth Test Specification 1.2/2.0/2.0+EDR/2.1/2.1+DER –– Bluetooth Low Energy RF Test Specifications: RF-PHY.TS/4.0.0 Table 2 provides a list of tests with their test purpose identifiers and corresponding measurement applications for transmitter tests only. Table 2. Bluetooth RF transmitter measurements and the corresponding measurements in M9081A Bluetooth transmitter tests Identifier 2 N/W9081A X-Series measurement application Output power TRM/CA/01/C Transmit analysis Tx output spectrum –20 dB bandwidth TRM/CA/05/C Output spectrum bandwidth Tx output spectrum – adjacent channel power TRM/CA/06/C Adjacent channel power Modulation characteristics TRM/CA/07/C Transmit analysis Initial carrier frequency tolerance TRM/CA/08/C Transmit analysis Carrier frequency drift TRM/CA/09/C Transmit analysis EDR relative transmit power TRM/CA/10/C Transmit analysis EDR carrier frequency stability and modulation accuracy TRM/CA/11/C Transmit analysis EDR differential phase encoding TRM/CA/12/C Transmit analysis EDR in-band spurious emissions TRM/CA/13/C EDR in-band spurious emissions Output power at NOC TRM-LE/CA/01/C Transmit analysis Output power at EOC TRM-LE/CA/02/C Transmit analysis In-band emission at NOC TRM-LE/CA/03/C LE in-band emission In-band emission at EOC TRM-LE/CA/04/C LE in-band emission Modulation characteristics TRM-LE/CA/05/C Transmit analysis Carrier frequency offset and drift at NOC TRM-LE/CA/06/C Transmit analysis Carrier frequency offset and drift at EOC TRM-LE/CA/07/C Transmit analysis Basic rate Enhanced data rate (EDR) Low Energy (LE) or Ultra Low Power (ULP) 1. Radio frequency Test Suite Structure (TSS) and Test Purposes (TP) system specifications 2. Identifier format is: (Test)/CA/NN/C, in which TRM = Transmitter test CA = Capability test (defines the type of testing) NN = Test purpose number C = Conformance test performed on dedicated Bluetooth test system 4 Measurement details All of the Bluetooth RF transmitter measurements as defined for basic, EDR and low energy in the test specifications, as well as a wide range of additional measurements and analysis tools, are available with a press of a button (Table 3). These measurements are fully remote controllable via the IEC/IEEE bus or LAN, using SCPI commands. Figure 1. Transmit analysis for EDR signal Figure 3. EDR in-band emission Figure 2. Adjacent channel power for basic rate Bluetooth signal Figure 4. Transmit analysis for low energy (LE) signal 5 Table 3. One-button measurements provided by the M9081A measurement application Bluetooth Technology Basic data rate Enhanced data rate Low energy Transmit analysis Output power (in time domain) Peak power ● ● Average power ● ● ∆F1 avg (11110000) ● ● ∆F2 avg (10101010) ● ● Min ∆f1/ ∆f2 max, ● ● Max ∆F1/ ∆F2 max, ● ● ∆F2 > 115 kHz ● ● ● ● Frequency drift ● ● Max drift rate ● ● Adjacent channel power ● Output power – 20 dB bandwidth ● Modulation characteristics ∆F2/∆F1 ratio Initial carrier frequency tolerance (ICFT) Carrier frequency drift EDR transmit analysis Relative transmit power GFSK average power ● DPSK average power ● Relative power ● Frequency stability and modulation accuracy Freq offset ωi/ω0, ωi+ω0 ● RMS DEVM (differential DVM) ● Peak DEVM ● Differential phase decoding BER ● Bit error ● 99% DEVM ● EDR in-band spurious emissions ● ● LE in-band emissions 6 Supported devices and standard version Device type Bluetooth devices Standard version Bluetooth radio frequency system specification 1.2/2.0/2.0+EDR/2.1/2.1+EDR revision 2.1.E.0 - basic rate - enhanced data rate Bluetooth Low Energy RF PHY test specification (LE RF-PHY.TS/4.0.0) Power classes Class 1, class 2 and class 3 Radio band Bluetooth basic rate and EDR system: 2.400 to 2.4835 GHz ( f = 2402 +k MHz, k = 0, …,78) Bluetooth low energy system: 2.400 to 2.4835 GHz ( f = 2402 +kx2 MHz, k = 0, …,39) Supported standards Bluetooth basic rate Revision 2.1.E.0 Bluetooth Enhanced Data Rate Revision 2.1.E.0 Bluetooth Low Energy LE. RF-PHY.TS/4.0.0 You can upgrade! Options can be added after your initial purchase. All of our X-Series application options are license-key upgradeable. Measurement consistency you can trust Did you know that X-Series measurement applications for modular instruments use the same measurement algorithms and programming commands as the bench top applications? This means you will get consistent measurement results if you use Keysight bench top and modular equipment across the product development cycle. Learn how this consistency and programming compatibility will increase the efficiency of your product development cycle. www.keysight.com/find/measurementconsistency 7 Ordering information Software licensing and configuration –– Transportable, perpetual license:This allows you to run the application using an embedded PXI PC controller or external PC, plus it may be transferred from one controller or PC to another. One software license supports up to four modular PXI VSA channels in one PXI mainframe. Try before you buy! Free 30-day trials of X-Series measurement applications provide unrestricted use of each application’s features and functionality on your modular PXI VSA. See www.keysight.com/find/M90XA for more information. One button transmit analysis provides multiple results The measurement sequence performed by the analyzer can accommodate any mix of transmitter power measurements and modulation quality measurements performed on the data collected within the capture period. The table below contains information on our transportable, perpetual licenses. For more information, please visit the product web pages. M9081A Bluetooth X-Series measurement application Description Model-Option Bluetooth M9081A-2TP 8 Recommended hardware configuration M9391A PXIe vector signal analyzer configuration Model number Description Notes M9391A-F03, -F06 3 GHz or 6 GHz frequency range One required M9391A-B04, -B10, or -B16 40 MHz, 100 MHz or 160 MHz analysis bandwidth One required. -B16 recommended for fastest spectrum measurements with 89600 VSA software Option SSA. M9391A-300 PXIe frequency reference Recommended. M9391A-UNZ Fast tuning Recommended. Highly recommended for fastest spectrum measurements with 89600 VSA software Option SSA. M9391A-M01, -M05, or -M10 Memory options (512 MB, 2 GB, or 4 GB) Recommend 1 Gsa/4 GB memory M9393A PXIe performance vector signal analyzer configuration Model number Description M9393A-F08, -F14, -F18, or -F27 8 GHz, 14 GHz, 18 GHz, or 27 GHz frequency One required range Notes M9393A-B04, -B10, or -B16 40 MHz, 100 MHz or 160 MHz analysis bandwidth One required. -B16 recommended for fastest spectrum measurements with 89600 VSA software Option SSA. M9393A-300 PXIe frequency reference Recommended. M9393A-UNZ Fast tuning Recommended. Highly recommended for fastest spectrum measurements with 89600 VSA software Option SSA. M9393A-M01, -M05, or -M10 Memory options (512 MB, 2 GB, or 4 GB) Recommend 1 Gsa/4 GB memory 9 Related literature –– N9081A & W9081A Bluetooth, Self-Guide Demonstration, Literature Number 5990-6161EN –– Bluetooth Measurement Fundamentals, Application Note, Literature Number 5988-3760EN –– Verifying Bluetooth Baseband Signals using Mixed Signal Oscilloscopes, Application Note AN 1333-3, Literature Number 59882181EN –– Keysight E4438C Signal Studio for Bluetooth, Application Note 1421, Literature Number 5988-5417EN –– Keysight Innovative Solution for Testing Bluetooth Enhanced Data Rate Products, Product Overview, Literature Number 5989-3055EN –– User's and Programmer's Reference Fuide is available in the library section of the N9083A and W9083A product pages. –– M9391A PXIe Vector Signal Analyzer Datasheet, literature number 5991-2603EN –– M9391A & M9381A PXIe Vector Signal Analyzer & Generator Configuration Guide, literature number 5991-0897EN –– X-Series Measurement Applications for Modular Instruments Brochure, literature number 5991-2604EN Web –– Product page: www.keysight.com/find/M9081A –– X-Series measurement applications: www.keysight.com/find/M90XA –– X-Series signal analyzers: www.keysight.com/find/X-Series –– Application pages: www.keysight.com/find/bluetooth –– M9391A PXIe vector signal analyzer www.keysight.com/find/M9391A –– M9393A PXIe performance vector signal analyzer www.keysight.com/find/M9393A 10 11 | Keysight | M9081A Bluetooth® X-Series Measurement Application for PXIe Vector Signal Analyzers - Technical Overview myKeysight www.keysight.com/find/mykeysight A personalized view into the information most relevant to you. www.axiestandard.org AdvancedTCA® Extensions for Instrumentation and Test (AXIe) is an open standard that extends the AdvancedTCA for general purpose and semiconductor test. Keysight is a founding member of the AXIe consortium. ATCA®, AdvancedTCA®, and the ATCA logo are registered US trademarks of the PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group. www.pxisa.org PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation (PXI) modular instrumentation delivers a rugged, PC-based high-performance measurement and automation system. Three-Year Warranty www.keysight.com/find/ThreeYearWarranty Keysight’s commitment to superior product quality and lower total cost of ownership. The only test and measurement company with three-year warranty standard on all instruments, worldwide. Keysight Assurance Plans www.keysight.com/quality Keysight Technologies, Inc. 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