Renesas HD404828RH As microcomputer incorporating a lcd controller/driver circuit Datasheet

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mishap.
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HD404829R Series
AS Microcomputer Incorporating a LCD controller/Driver Circuit
ADE-202-057C
Rev.4
Sept. 1999
Description
The HD404829R series incorporates an 8-bit A/D converter (four channels), a Liquid Crystal Display
(LCD) and a serial interface, and has large-current Input/Output (I/O) pins. The series is a 4-bit single-chip
microcomputer best used in the AV equipment such as CD radio cassette tape recorders which require the
LCD display control.
The HD404829R Series, with a 32.768kHz sub-oscillator for clocks, counts up the system clock and a
variety of power modes can reduce power consumption.
The HD4074829 is a ZTAT TM microcomputer which incorporates a PROM. System development period
has been dramatically reduced so that the process from debugging to mass production is smooth. (The
PROM programming specifications are the same as those for Type 27256.)
ZTAT TM: Zero Turn Around Time ZTAT is a trademark of Hitachi Ltd.
Features
• 1,876-digit × 4-bit RAM
• 44 I/O pins, including 10 high-current pins (15 mA, max.) and 20 pins multiplexed with LCD segment
pins
• Four timer/counters
• 8-bit input capture circuit
• Three timer outputs (including two PWM out-puts)
• Two event counter inputs (including one double-edge function)
• Clock-synchronous 8-bit serial interface
• A/D converter (4 channels × 8 bits)
• LCD controller/driver (52 segments × 4 commons)
• Built-in oscillators
 Main clock: 4.2-MHz ceramic (an external clock is also possible)
 Subclock: 32.768-kHz crystal
• Eleven interrupt sources
 Five by external sources, including three double-edge functions
HD404829R Series
•
•
•
•
•
•
2
 Six by internal sources
Subroutine stack up to 16 levels, including interrupts
Four low-power dissipation modes
 Subactive mode
 Standby mode
 Watch mode
 Stop mode
One external input for transition from stop mode to active mode
Instruction cycle time (min.): 0.95 µs (fOSC = 4.2 MHz)
Operation voltage
VCC = 2.7 V to 6.0 V (HD404829R)
VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V (HD4074829)
Two operating modes
 MCU mode
 MCU/PROM mode (HD4074829 only)
HD404829R Series
Ordering Information
Type
Product Name
Model Name
ROM (Words)
Package
Mask ROM
HD404828R
HD404828RH
8,192
100-pin plastic QFP
(FP-100B)
HD4048212R
HD404829R
TM
ZTAT
HD4074829
HD404828RFS
100-pin plastic QFP
(FP-100A)
HD404828RTF
100-pin plastic TQFP
(TFP-100B)
HD4048212RH
12,288
100-pin plastic QFP
(FP-100B)
HD4048212RFS
100-pin plastic QFP
(FP-100A)
HD4048212RTF
100-pin plastic TQFP
(TFP-100B)
HD404829RH
16,384
100-pin plastic QFP
(FP-100B)
HD404829RFS
100-pin plastic QFP
(FP-100A)
HD404829RTF
100-pin plastic TQFP
(TFP-100B)
HD4074829H
16,384
100-pin plastic QFP
(FP-100B)
HD4074829FS
100-pin plastic QFP
(FP-100A)
HD4074829TF
100-pin plastic TQFP
(TFP-100B)
Caution about operation!
It has been confirmed that the HD404829R Series, same as the ZTAT TM version HD4074829 and the
conventional HD404829 Series, satisfies the electrical properties given on the data sheets, etc. However,
effective values of the electrical properties, the operating margin, and the noise margin may differ with the
manufacturing processes, on-chip ROM, and layout patterns. Therefore, conduct an evaluation test of your
system using the ZTATTM version and the mask ROM version. Also conduct a similar evaluation test for
checkup before replacing your conventional product with the HD404829R Series.
3
HD404829R Series
List of Functions
Product name
HD404828R
HD4048212R
HD404829R
HD4074829
ROM (Words)
8,192
12,288
16,384
16,384PROM
RAM (Digits)
1,876
I/O
44 (max)
Large-current I/O pins
LCD segment multiplexed pins
Timer / Counter
10 (Sink 15 mA max)
20
4
Input capture
8 bit × 1
Timer output
3 (PWM output possible for 2)
Event input
2 (edge selection possible for 1)
Serial interface
1 (8-bit syncronous)
A/D converter
8 bit × 4 channels
LCD controller / driver circuit
Interrupts
Max. 52 seg × 4 com
External
5 (edge selection possible for 3)
Internal
6
Low-Power Dissipation Mode
4
Stop mode
O
Watch mode
O
Standby mode
O
Subactive mode
O
Main Oscillator
Sub oscillator
Ceramic oscillation
O (0.4–4.2MHz)
Crystal oscillation
O (0.4–4.2MHz)
Crystal oscillation
O (32.768 kHz)
Minimum instruction execution time
Operating voltage (V)
Package
0.95 µs (f OSC = 4.2 MHz)
2.7 to 6.0
100-pin plastic QFP (FP-100B)
100-pin plastic QFP (FP-100A)
100-pin plastic TQFP (TFP-100B)
Guaranteed operation temperature
(˚C)
4
—
–20 to +75
2.7 to 5.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
AVCC
AN 0
AN 1
AN 2
AN 3
AV SS
TEST
OSC 1
OSC 2
RESET
X1
X2
GND
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10 /STOPC
D11 /INT0
R00 /INT1
R01 /INT2
R02 /INT3
R03 /INT4
R10 /TOB
R11 /TOC
R12 /TOD
R13 /EVNB
R20 /EVND
R21 /SCK
R22 /SI
R23 /SO
R30 /SEG1
R31 /SEG2
R32 /SEG3
R33 /SEG4
R40 /SEG5
R41 /SEG6
R42 /SEG7
R43 /SEG8
R50 /SEG9
R51 /SEG10
R52 /SEG11
R53 /SEG12
R60 /SEG13
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
NUMG
NUMO
NUMO
VCC
V3
V2
V1
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
SEG52
SEG51
SEG50
SEG49
SEG48
SEG47
SEG46
SEG45
SEG44
SEG43
SEG42
SEG41
SEG40
SEG39
HD404829R Series
Pin Arrangement
FP-100B
TFP-100B
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
SEG38
SEG37
SEG36
SEG35
SEG34
SEG33
SEG32
SEG31
SEG30
SEG29
SEG28
SEG27
SEG26
SEG25
SEG24
SEG23
SEG22
SEG21
R73 /SEG20
R72 /SEG19
R71 /SEG18
R70 /SEG17
R63 /SEG16
R62 /SEG15
R61 /SEG14
Top view
5
HD404829R Series
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
NUMO
V CC
V3
V2
V1
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
SEG52
SEG51
SEG50
SEG49
SEG48
SEG47
SEG46
SEG45
SEG44
SEG43
SEG42
Pin Arrangement
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
FP-100A
R03 /INT 4
R10 /TOB
R11 /TOC
R12 /TOD
R13 /EVNB
R2 0 /EVND
R21 /SCK
R22 /SI
R23 /SO
R3 0 /SEG1
R3 1 /SEG2
R3 2 /SEG3
R3 3 /SEG4
R4 0 /SEG5
R4 1 /SEG6
R4 2 /SEG7
R4 3 /SEG8
R5 0 /SEG9
R5 1 /SEG10
R5 2 /SEG11
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
NUMO
NUMG
AV CC
AN 0
AN 1
AN 2
AN 3
AV SS
TEST
OSC 1
OSC 2
RESET
X1
X2
GND
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10 /STOPC
D11 /INT 0
R00 /INT 1
R01 /INT 2
R02 /INT 3
Top view
6
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
SEG41
SEG40
SEG39
SEG38
SEG37
SEG36
SEG35
SEG34
SEG33
SEG32
SEG31
SEG30
SEG29
SEG28
SEG27
SEG26
SEG25
SEG24
SEG23
SEG22
SEG21
R7 3 /SEG20
R7 2 /SEG19
R7 1 /SEG18
R7 0 /SEG17
R6 3 /SEG16
R6 2 /SEG15
R6 1 /SEG14
R6 0 /SEG13
R5 3 /SEG12
HD404829R Series
Pin Description
Pin Number
Item
Symbol
FP-100B
TFP-100B
FP-100A
Power
supply
VCC
97
99
Applies power voltage
GND
13
15
Connected to ground
Test
TEST
7
9
I
Used for factory testing only: Connect this pin to V CC
Reset
RESET
10
12
I
Resets the MCU
Oscillator
OSC1
8
10
I
Input/output pins for the internal oscillator circuit:
OSC2
9
11
O
Connect them to a ceramic oscillator ,crystal
oscillator or connect OSC 1 to an external oscillator
curcuit
X1
11
13
I
Used for a 32.768-kHz crystal for clock purposes.
X2
12
14
O
If not to be used, fix the X1 pin to V CC and leave
the X2 pin open.
D0–D9
14–23
16–25
I/O
Input/output pins addressed by individual bits; pins
D0–D9 are high-current pins that can each supply up
to 15 mA
D10 , D11
24, 25
26, 27
I
Input pins addressable by individual bits
R00–R7 3
26–57
28–59
I/O
Input/output pins addressable in 4-bit units
Interrupt
INT0, INT1,
INT2–INT4
25–29
27–31
I
Input pins for external interrupts
Stop clear
STOPC
24
26
I
Input pin for transition from stop mode to active
mode
Serial
SCK
35
37
I/O
Serial interface clock input/output pin
interface
SI
36
38
I
Serial interface receive data input pin
SO
37
39
O
Serial interface transmit data output pin
TOB, TOC,
TOD
30–32
32–34
O
Timer output pins
EVNB, EVND
33, 34
35, 36
I
Event count input pins
V1, V2, V3
94–96
96–98
COM1–COM4
90–93
92–95
O
Common signal pins for LCD
SEG1–SEG52
38–89
40–91
O
Segment signal pins for LCD
Port
Timer
LCD
I/O
Function
Power pins for LCD controller/driver; may be left
open during operation since they are connected by
internal voltage division resistors.
Voltage conditions are: VCC ≥ V1 ≥ V2 ≥ V3 ≥ GND
7
HD404829R Series
Pin Number
Item
Symbol
FP-100B
TFP-100B
FP-100A
A/D
converter
AV CC
1
3
Power pin for A/D converter: Connect it to the same
potential as V CC, as physically close to the V CC pin as
possible
AV SS
6
8
Ground for AVCC: Connect it to the same potential
as GND, as physically close to the GND pin as
possible
AN0–AN 3
2–5
4–7
NUMG
NUMG
100
2
These are not pins for user applications. Connect
NUMO
NUMO
98,99
100,1
NUMG to the same potential as GND. Leave NUMO
open.
8
I/O
I
Function
Analog input pins for A/D converter
HD404829R Series
VCC
GND
RESET
TEST
STOPC
OSC1
OSC2
X1
X2
Block Diagram
D Port
R0 Port
R00
R01
R02
R03
R1 Port
R10
R11
R12
R13
R2 Port
R20
R21
R22
R23
R3 Port
R30
R31
R32
R33
R4 Port
R40
R41
R42
R43
R5 Port
INT0
INT1
INT2
INT3
INT4
RAM
R50
R51
R52
R53
R6 Port
ROM
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
D11
R60
R61
R62
R63
R7 Port
HMCS400 CPU
R70
R71
R72
R73
External interrupt
control circuit
Timer A
8-bit free-running timer
Timer B
8-bit free-running / reload timer
EVNB
TOB
TOC
Timer C
8-bit free-running / reload timer
EVND
TOD
Timer D
8-bit free-running / reload timer
SCK
SI
SO
Clock-synchronous
8-bit serial interface
AVcc
AVss
AN0
AN1
AN2
AN3
A/D converter
4 channels x 8 bits
V1
V2
V3
COM1
COM2
COM3
COM4
SEG1
SEG2
SEG3
LCD controller / driver
circuit
52 segments x 4 commons
~
~
SEG52
: High current pins
9
HD404829R Series
Memory Map
ROM Memory Map
The ROM memory map is shown in figure 1 and described below.
ROM address
ROM address
$0000
Vector address
$000F
$0010
Zero-page subroutine
(64 words)
$003F
$0040
Pattern
(4096 words)
$0FFF
$1000
$1FFF
$2000
$2FFF
$3000
$3FFF
HD404828R
Program
(8,192 words)
$0000
JMPL instruction
$0001 (jump to RESET, STOPC routine)
JMPL instruction
$0002
(jump to INT 0 routine)
$0003
JMPL instruction
$0004
(jump to INT1 routine)
$0005
JMPL instruction
$0006
(jump to timer A routine)
$0007
$0008
JMPL instruction
$0009 (jump to timer B, INT 2 routine)
$000A
JMPL instruction
$000B (jump to timer C, INT 3 routine)
$000C
JMPL instruction
$000D (jump to timer D, INT 4 routine)
$000E
JMPL instruction
(jump to A/D, serial routine)
$000F
HD4048212R
Program
(12,288 words)
HD404829R, HD4074829
Program
(16,384 words)
Figure 1 ROM Memory Map
Vector Address Area ($0000–$000F): Reserved for JMPL instructions that branch to the start addresses
of the reset and interrupt routines. After MCU reset or an interrupt, program execution continues from the
vector address.
Zero-Page Subroutine Area ($0000–$003F): Reserved for subroutines. The program branches to a
subroutine in this area in response to the CAL instruction.
Pattern Area ($0000–$0FFF): Contains ROM data that can be referenced with the P instruction.
Program Area ($0000–$1FFF: HD404828R; $0000–$2FFF: HD4048212R; $0000–$3FFF;
HD404829R, HD4074829): Used for program coding.
10
HD404829R Series
RAM Memory Map
The MCU contains a 1,876-digit × 4-bit RAM area consisting of a memory register area, an LCD data area,
a data area, and a stack area. In addition, an interrupt control bits area, special register area, and register
flag area are mapped onto the same RAM memory space as a RAM-mapped register area outside the above
areas. The RAM memory map is shown in figure 2 and described below.
RAM-Mapped Register Area ($000–$03F):
• Interrupt Control Bits Area ($000–$003)
This area is used for interrupt control bits (figure 3). These bits can be accessed only by RAM bit
manipulation instructions (SEM/SEMD, REM/REMD, and TM/TMD). However, note that not all the
instructions can be used for each bit. Limitations on using the instructions are shown in figure 4.
• Special Function Register Area ($004–$01F, $024–$03F)
This area is used as mode registers and data registers for external interrupts, serial interface,
timer/counters, LCD, A/D converter, and as data control registers for I/O ports. The structure is shown
in figures 2 and 5. These registers can be classified into three types: write-only (W), read-only (R), and
read/write (R/W). The SEM, SEMD, REM, and REMD instructions can be used for the LCD control
register (LCR: $01B), but RAM bit manipulation instructions cannot be used for other registers.
• Register Flag Area ($020–$023)
This area is used for the DTON, WDON, and other register flags and interrupt control bits (figure 3).
These bits can be accessed only by RAM bit manipulation instructions (SEM/SEMD, REM/REMD, and
TM/TMD). However, note that not all the instructions can be used for each bit. Limitations on using
the instructions are shown in figure 4.
11
HD404829R Series
RAM address
RAM address
$000
RAM-mapped registers
$040
Memory registers (16 digits)
$050
LCD display area (52 digits)
$084
$090
Not used
Data (464 digits × 3)
V = 0 (bank 0)
V = 1 (bank 1)
V = 2 (bank 2)
*1
$260
Data (352 digits)
$3C0
Stack (64 digits)
$3FF
$000
$003
$004
$005
$006
$007
$008
$009
$00A
$00B
$00C
$00D
$00E
$00F
$010
$011
$012
$013
$014
$015
$016
$017
$018
Interrupt control bits area
(TMB2)
(TMC2)
(TMD2)
(AMR)
(ADRL)
(ADRU)
W
W
R/W
R/W
W
W
R/W
R/W
W
W
R/W
R/W
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
W
R
R
(LCR)
(LMR)
(LOR1)
(LOR2)
(LOR3)
W
W
W
W
W
Port mode register A
(PMRA)
Serial mode register A (SMRA)
Serial data register lower (SRL)
Serial data register upper (SRU)
Timer mode register A
(TMA)
Timer mode register B1 (TMB1)
Timer B
(TRBL/TWBL)
(TRBU/TWBU)
Miscellaneous register
(MIS)
Timer mode register C1 (TMC1)
Timer C
(TRCL/TWCL)
(TRCU/TWCU)
Timer mode register D1 (TMD1)
Timer D
(TRDL/TWDL)
(TRDU/TWDU)
Timer mode register B2
Timer mode register C2
Timer mode register D2
A/D mode register
A/D data register lower
A/D data register upper
Not used
$090
Data
(464 digits)
V=0
(bank = 0)
Data
(464 digits)
V=1
(bank = 1)
Data
(464 digits)
V=2
(bank = 2)
$25F
Notes: 1. The data area has three banks:
bank 0 (V = 0) to bank 2 (V = 2).
2. Two registers are mapped
on the same area.
R:
Read only
W:
Write only
R/W: Read/write
$01B
$01C
$01D
$01E
$01F
$020
$023
$024
$025
$026
$027
$028
$029
$02A
$02B
$02C
$02D
$02E
$02F
$030
$031
$032
$033
$034
$035
$036
$037
$038
$03E
$03F
LCD control register
LCD mode register
LCD output register 1
LCD output register 2
LCD output register 3
Register flag area
Port mode register B
Port mode register C
Detection edge select register 1 (ESR1)
Detection edge select register 2 (ESR2)
Serial mode register B
(SMRB)
System clock select register (SSR)
W
W
W
W
W
W
Not used
Port D0–D3 DCR
Port D4–D7 DCR
Port D8 and D9 DCR
Not used
Port R0 DCR
Port R1 DCR
Port R2 DCR
Port R3 DCR
Port R4 DCR
Port R5 DCR
Port R6 DCR
Port R7 DCR
(DCD0)
(DCD1)
(DCD2)
W
W
W
(DCR0)
(DCR1)
(DCR2)
(DCR3)
(DCR4)
(DCR5)
(DCR6)
(DCR7)
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Not used
V register
(V)
R/W
11
Timer read register B lower (TRBL) R Timer write register B lower (TWBL) W $00A
Timer read register B upper (TRBU) R Timer write register B upper (TWBU) W $00B
14
15
Timer read register C lower (TRCL) R Timer write register C lower (TWCL) W $00E
Timer read register C upper (TRCU) R Timer write register C upper (TWCU) W $00F
17
18
Timer read register D lower (TRDL) R Timer write register D lower (TWDL) W $011
Timer read register D upper (TRDU) R Timer write register D upper (TWDU) W $012
10
Figure 2 RAM Memory Map
12
(PMRB)
(PMRC)
*2
HD404829R Series
RAM address
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
$000
IM0
(IM of INT0)
IF0
(IF of INT0)
RSP
(Reset SP bit)
IE
(Interrupt
enable flag)
$001
IMTA
(IM of timer A)
IFTA
(IF of timer A)
IM1
(IM of INT1)
IF1
(IF of INT1)
$002
IMTC
(IM of timer C)
IFTC
(IF of timer C)
IMTB
(IM of timer B)
IFTB
(IF of timer B)
$003
IMAD
(IM of A/D)
IFAD
(IF of A/D)
IMTD
(IM of timer D)
IFTD
(IF of timer D)
Interrupt control bits area
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
$020
DTON
(Direct transfer
on flag)
ADSF
(A/D start flag)
WDON
(Watchdog
on flag)
LSON
(Low speed
on flag)
$021
RAME
(RAM enable
flag)
Not used
ICEF
(Input capture
error flag)
ICSF
(Input capture
status flag)
$022
IM3
(IM of INT3)
IF3
(IF of INT3)
IM2
(IM of INT2)
IF2
(IF of INT2)
$023
IMS
(IM of serial
interface)
IFS
(IF of serial
interface)
IM4
(IM of INT4)
IF4
(IF of INT4)
IF:
IM:
IE:
SP:
Interrupt request flag
Interrupt mask
Interrupt enable flag
Stack pointer
Register flag area
Figure 3 Configuration of Interrupt Control Bits and Register Flag Areas
IE
IM
LSON
IF
ICSF
ICEF
RAME
RSP
WDON
ADSF
DTON
Not used
SEM/SEMD
REM/REMD
TM/TMD
Allowed
Allowed
Allowed
Not executed
Allowed
Allowed
Not executed
Allowed
Allowed
Not executed in active mode
Used in subactive mode
Not executed
Allowed
Not executed
Inhibited
Inhibited
Inhibited
Allowed
Allowed
Allowed
Not executed
Inhibited
Note: WDON is reset by MCU reset or by STOPC enable for stop mode cancellation.
The REM or REMD instuction must not be executed for ADSF during A/D conversion.
DTON is always reset in active mode.
If the TM or TMD instruction is executed for the inhibited bits or non-existing bits,
the value in ST becomes invalid.
Figure 4 Usage Limitations of RAM Bit Manipulation Instructions
13
HD404829R Series
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
$000
Interrupt control bits area
$003
PMRA $004
Not used
SMRA $005
R21/SCK
Not used
R22/SI
SRL $006
Serial data register (lower digit)
SRU $007
Serial data register (upper digit)
TMA $008
*1
TMB1 $009
*2
Clock source setting (timer A)
Clock source setting (timer B)
Timer B register (lower digit)
TRBL/TWBL $00A
Timer B register (upper digit)
TRBU/TWBU $00B
MIS $00C
TMC1 $00D
*3
*2
R23 /SO PMOS control Interrupt frame period selection
Clock source setting (timer C)
TRCL/TWCL $00E
Timer C register (lower digit)
TRCU/TWCU $00F
Timer C register (upper digit)
TMD1 $010
*2
Clock source setting (timer D)
Timer D register (lower digit)
TRDL/TWDL $011
Timer D register (upper digit)
TRDU/TWDU $012
TMB2 $013
TMC2 $014
TMD2 $015
AMR $016
R23/SO
Serial transmit clock speed selection
Not used
Not used
*4
Not used
Timer-B output mode selection
Timer-C output mode setting
Timer-D output mode setting
*5
Not used
Analog channel selection
ADRL $017
A/D data register (lower digit)
ADRU $018
A/D data register (upper digit)
Not used
*6
Not used
LCR $01B
LMR $01C LCD input clock source selection
R33/SEG4
R32/SEG3
LOR1 $01D
LOR2 $01E
R43/SEG8
LOR3 $01F
Not used
R42/SEG7
*7
*8
LCD duty cycle selection
R31/SEG2
R30/SEG1
R41/SEG6
R40/SEG5
R7/SEG17–20 R6/SEG13–16 R5/SEG9–12
$020
Register flag area
$023
PMRB $024
R03/INT4
R02/INT3
R01/INT2
R00/INT1
PMRC $025
D11/INT0
D10/STOPC
R20/EVND
R13/EVNB
ESR1 $026
INT3 detection edge selection INT2 detection edge selection
ESR2 $027 EVND detection edge selection INT4 detection edge selection
*9
* 10
SMRB $028
Not used
Not used
SSR $029
* 11
* 12
* 13
Not used
Not used
DCD0 $02C
Port D3 DCR Port D2 DCR
Port D1 DCR Port D0 DCR
DCD1 $02D
Port D7 DCR Port D6 DCR
Port D5 DCR Port D4 DCR
DCD2 $02E
Not used
Not used
Port D9 DCR Port D8 DCR
Not used
DCR0 $030
Port R03 DCR Port R02 DCR Port R01 DCR Port R00 DCR
DCR1 $031
Port R13 DCR Port R12 DCR Port R11 DCR Port R10 DCR
DCR2 $032
Port R23 DCR Port R22 DCR Port R21 DCR Port R20 DCR
DCR3 $033
Port R33 DCR Port R32 DCR Port R31 DCR Port R30 DCR
DCR4 $034
Port R43 DCR Port R42 DCR Port R41 DCR Port R40 DCR
DCR5 $035
Port R53 DCR Port R52 DCR Port R51 DCR Port R50 DCR
DCR6 $036
Port R63 DCR Port R62 DCR Port R61 DCR Port R60 DCR
DCR7 $037
Port R73 DCR Port R72 DCR Port R71 DCR Port R70 DCR
Not used
V $03F
Not used
Not used
Bank 0 to bank 2 selection
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Timer-A/time-base
Auto-reload on/off
Pull-up MOS control
Input capture selection
A/D conversion time
Display on/off in watch mode
LCD power switch
LCD display on/off
SO idle H/L setting
Transmit clock source selection
32-kHz oscillation stop setting
32-kHz oscillation division ratio
System clock selection
Figure 5 Special Function Register Area
14
HD404829R Series
Memory Register (MR) Area ($040–$04F): Consisting of 16 addresses, this area (MR0–MR15) can be
accessed by register-register instructions (LAMR and XMRA). The structure is shown in figure 6.
Memory registers
$040 MR(0)
$041 MR(1)
$042 MR(2)
$043 MR(3)
$044 MR(4)
$045 MR(5)
$046 MR(6)
$047 MR(7)
$048 MR(8)
$049 MR(9)
$04A MR(10)
$04B MR(11)
$04C MR(12)
$04D MR(13)
$04E MR(14)
$04F MR(15)
Stack area
Level 16
Level 15
Level 14
Level 13
Level 12
Level 11
Level 10
Level 9
Level 8
Level 7
Level 6
Level 5
Level 4
Level 3
Level 2
1023 Level 1
960
$3C0
$3FF
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
$3FC
ST
PC13
PC 12
PC11
$3FD
PC 10
PC9
PC 8
PC7
$3FE
CA
PC6
PC 5
PC4
$3FF
PC 3
PC2
PC 1
PC0
PC13 –PC0 : Program counter
ST: Status flag
CA: Carry flag
Figure 6 Configuration of Memory Registers and Stack Area, and Stack Position
15
HD404829R Series
LCD Data Area ($050–$083): Used for storing 52-digit LCD data which is automatically output to LCD
segments as display data. Data 1 lights the corresponding LCD segment; data 0 extinguishes it. Refer to
the LCD description for details.
Data Area ($090–$3BF): 464 digits from $090 to $25F have three banks, which can be selected by setting
the bank register (V: $03F). Before accessing this area, set the bank register to the required value (figure
7). The area from $260 to $3BF is accessed without setting the bank register.
Bank register (V: $03F)
Bit
3
2
Initial value
—
—
0
0
Read/Write
—
—
R/W
R/W
V1
V0
Bit name
Not used Not used
1
Bank area selection
V1
V0
0
0
Bank 0 is selected
1
Bank 1 is selected
0
Bank 2 is selected
1
Not used
1
0
Note: After reset, the value in the bank register is 0, and therefore bank 0 is
selected. If V1 = 1 and V0 = 1, no bank is selected, and the operation is not
guaranteed.
Figure 7 Bank Register (V)
Stack Area ($3C0–$3FF): Used for saving the contents of the program counter (PC), status flag (ST), and
carry flag (CA) at subroutine call (CAL or CALL instruction) and for interrupts. This area can be used as a
16-level nesting subroutine stack in which one level requires four digits. The data to be saved and the save
conditions are shown in figure 6.
The program counter is restored by either the RTN or RTNI instruction, but the status and carry flags can
only be restored by the RTNI instruction. Any unused space in this area is used for data storage.
16
HD404829R Series
Functional Description
Registers and Flags
The MCU has nine registers and two flags for CPU operations. They are shown in figure 8 and described
below.
3
Accumulator
Initial value: Undefined, R/W
B register
Initial value: Undefined, R/W
W register
Initial value: Undefined, R/W
0
(A)
3
0
(B)
1
0
(W)
3
X register
Initial value: Undefined, R/W
Y register
Initial value: Undefined, R/W
SPX register
Initial value: Undefined, R/W
SPY register
Initial value: Undefined, R/W
Carry
Initial value: Undefined, R/W
Status
Initial value: 1, R/W not possible
0
(X)
3
0
(Y)
3
0
(SPX)
3
0
(SPY)
0
(CA)
0
(ST)
13
Program counter
Initial value: $0000,
R/W not possible
0
(PC)
9
Stack pointer
Initial value: $3FF, R/W not possible
1
5
1
1
1
0
(SP)
Figure 8 Registers and Flags
Accumulator (A) and B Register (B)
A and B are 4-bit registers, and are used to hold the results of ALU(arithmetic and logical unit) operations
and to transfer data between memory, I/O ports, and other registers.
W Register (W), X Register (X), Y Register (Y)
W is a 2-bit register and X and Y are 4-bit registers. These registers are used in RAM register indirect
addressing. The Y register is also used in D port addressing.
17
HD404829R Series
SPX Register (SPX) and SPY Register (SPY)
The SPX and SPY registers are 4-bit registers used to supplement the X and Y registers.
Carry Flag (CA)
CA is a 1-bit flag that stores ALU overflow generated by an arithmetic operation. CA is set to 1 when an
overflow is generated, and is cleared to 0 after operations in which no overflow occurred. CA is also
affected by the carry set/carry clear instructions (SEC and REC), and by the rotate with carry instructions
(ROTL and ROTR.)
During interrupt handling, CA is saved on the stack, and is restored from the stack by the RTNI instruction.
Status Flag (ST)
ST is a 1-bit flag that stores the results of arithmetic instructions, compare instructions, and bit test
instructions, and is used as the branch condition for the BR, BRL, CAL, and CALL conditional branch
instructions.
The contents of the ST flag are held until the next arithmetic, compare, bit test, or conditional branch
instruction is executed. After the execution of a conditional branch instruction, the value of ST is set to 1
without regard to the condition.
During interrupt handling, ST is saved on the stack, and is restored from the stack by the RTNI instruction.
Program Counter (PC)
The PC is a 14-bit counter that indicates the ROM address of the next instruction the CPU will execute.
Stack Pointer (SP)
The SP is a 10-bit register that indicates the RAM address of the next stack frame in the stack area.
The SP is initialized to $3FF by a reset. The SP is decremented by 4 by a subroutine call or by interrupt
handling, and is incremented by 4 when the saved data has been restored by a return instruction.
The upper 4 bits of the SP are fixed at 1111; the maximum number of stack levels is thus 16.
In addition to the reset method described above, the SP can also be initialized to $3FF by clearing the reset
stack pointer (RSP) in the interrupt control bits area with a RAM bit manipulation instruction, i.e., REM or
REMD.
Reset
The MCU is reset by inputting a high-level voltage to the RESET pin. At power-on or when stop mode is
cancelled, RESET must be high for at least one t RC to enable the oscillator to stabilize. During operation,
RESET must be high for at least two instruction cycles.
Initial values after MCU reset are listed in table 1.
18
HD404829R Series
Table 1 Initial Values After MCU Reset
Item
Abbr.
Initial
Value
Contents
Program
counter
(PC)
$0000
Indicates program execution point from start
Status flag
(ST)
1
Enables conditional branching
Stack pointer
(SP)
$3FF
Stack level 0
address of ROM area
Interrupt
Interrupt enable flag
(IE)
0
Inhibits all interrupts
flags/mask
Interrupt request flag
(IF)
0
Indicates there is no interrupt request
Interrupt mask
(IM)
1
Prevents (masks) interrupt requests
Port data register
(PDR)
All bits 1
Enables output at level 1
Data control register
(DCD0,
DCD1)
All bits 0
Turns output buffer off (to high impedance)
(DCD2)
- - 00
(DCR0,
–DCR7)
All bits 0
Port mode register A
(PMRA)
- - 00
Refer to description of port mode register A
Port mode register B
(PMRB)
0000
Refer to description of port mode register B
Port mode register C
bits 3, 1, 0
(PMRC3,
PMRC1,
PMRC0)
000
Refer to description of port mode register C
Detection edge select
register 1
(ESR1)
0000
Disables edge detection
Detection edge select
register 2
(ESR2)
0000
Disables edge detection
Timer/
Timer mode register A
(TMA)
0000
Refer to description of timer mode register A
counters,
Timer mode register B1
(TMB1)
0000
Refer to description of timer mode register B1
serial
Timer mode register B2
(TMB2)
- - 00
Refer to description of timer mode register B2
interface
Timer mode register C1
(TMC1)
0000
Refer to description of timer mode register C1
Timer mode register C2
(TMC2)
- 000
Refer to description of timer mode register C2
Timer mode register D1
(TMD1)
0000
Refer to description of timer mode register D1
Timer mode register D2
(TMD2)
0000
Refer to description of timer mode register D2
Serial mode register A
(SMRA)
0000
Refer to description of serial mode register A
Serial mode register B
(SMRB)
- - x0
Refer to description of serial mode register B
Prescaler S
(PSS)
$000
—
Prescaler W
(PSW)
$00
—
Timer counter A
(TCA)
$00
—
Timer counter B
(TCB)
$00
—
Timer counter C
(TCC)
$00
—
Timer counter D
(TCD)
$00
—
I/O
19
HD404829R Series
Table 1 Initial Values After MCU Reset (cont)
Item
Abbr.
Initial
Value
Contents
Timer/
counters,
Timer write register B
(TWBU,
TWBL)
$X0
—
serial
interface
Timer write register C
(TWCU,
TWCL)
$X0
—
Timer write register D
(TWDU,
TWDL)
$X0
—
Octal counter
(OC)
000
—
A/D mode register
(AMR)
00 - 0
Refer to description of A/D mode register
A/D data register
(ADRL,
ADRU)
$80
Refer to description of A/D data register
LCD control register
(LCR)
- 000
Refer to description of LCD control register
LCD mode register
(LMR)
0000
Refer to description of LCD duty-cycle/clock
control register
LCD output register 1
(LOR1)
0000
Sets R-port/LCD segment pins to R port mode
LCD output register 2
(LOR2)
0000
LCD output register 3
(LOR3)
- 000
Low speed on flag
(LSON)
0
Refer to description of operating modes
Watchdog timer on flag
(WDON)
0
Refer to description of timer C
A/D start flag
(ADSF)
0
Refer to description of A/D converter
Direct transfer on flag
(DTON)
0
Refer to description of operating modes
Input capture status flag
(ICSF)
0
Refer to description of timer D
Input capture error flag
(ICEF)
0
Refer to description of timer D
Miscellaneous register
(MIS)
0000
Refer to description of operating modes, I/O, and
serial interface
System clock select
register bits 2,1
(SSR2,
SSR1)
000
Refer to description of operating modes and
oscillation circuits
Bank register
(V)
- - 00
Refer to description of RAM memory map
A/D
LCD
Bit registers
Others
Notes: 1. The statuses of other registers and flags after MCU reset are shown in the following table.
2. X indicates invalid value. – indicates that the bit does not exist.
20
HD404829R Series
Item
Abbr.
Status After Cancellation of Stop Mode by
STOPC Input
Carry flag
(CA)
Pre-stop-mode values are not guaranteed;
Pre-MCU-reset values
Accumulator
(A)
values must be initialized by program
are not guaranteed; val-
B register
(B)
ues must be initialized by
W register
(W)
program
X/SPX register
(X/SPX)
Y/SPY register
(Y/SPY)
Serial data register
(SRL, SRU)
RAM
Status After Cancellation of Stop Mode by
RESET Input
Status After all Other Types
of Reset
Pre-stop-mode values are retained
RAM enable flag
(RAME)
1
0
0
Port mode
register C bit 2
(PMRC2)
Pre-stop-mode
values are retained
0
0
System clock
select register bit 3
(SSR3)
Interrupts
The MCU has 11 interrupt sources: five external signals (INT0, INT1, INT 2–INT 4), four timer/ counters
(timers A, B, C, and D), serial interface, and A/D converter.
An interrupt request flag (IF), interrupt mask (IM), and vector address are provided for each interrupt
source, and an interrupt enable flag (IE) controls the entire interrupt process.
Some vector addresses are shared by two different interrupts. They are timer B and INT2, timer C and
INT 3, timer D and INT4, and A/D converter and serial interface interrupts. So the type of request that has
occurred must be checked at the beginning of interrupt processing.
Interrupt Control Bits and Interrupt Processing: Locations $000 to $003 and $022 to $023 in RAM are
reserved for the interrupt control bits which can be accessed by RAM bit manipulation instructions.
The interrupt request flag (IF) cannot be set by software. MCU reset initializes the interrupt enable flag
(IE) and the IF to 0 and the interrupt mask (IM) to 1.
A block diagram of the interrupt control circuit is shown in figure 9, interrupt priorities and vector
addresses are listed in table 2, and interrupt processing conditions for the 11 interrupt sources are listed in
table 3.
An interrupt request occurs when the IF is set to 1 and the IM is set to 0. If the IE is 1 at that point, the
interrupt is processed. A priority programmable logic array (PLA) generates the vector address assigned to
that interrupt source.
The interrupt processing sequence is shown in figure 10 and an interrupt processing flowchart is shown in
figure 11. After an interrupt is acknowledged, the previous instruction is completed in the first cycle. The
IE is reset in the second cycle, the carry, status, and program counter values are pushed onto the stack
21
HD404829R Series
during the second and third cycles, and the program jumps to the vector address to execute the instruction
in the third cycle.
Program the JMPL instruction at each vector address, to branch the program to the start address of the
interrupt program, and reset the IF by a software instruction within the interrupt program.
Table 2 Vector Addresses and Interrupt Priorities
Reset/Interrupt
Priority
Vector Address
RESET, STOPC*
—
$0000
INT0
1
$0002
INT1
2
$0004
Timer A
3
$0006
Timer B, INT2
4
$0008
Timer C, INT3
5
$000A
Timer D, INT4
6
$000C
A/D, Serial
7
$000E
Note: * The STOPC interrupt request is valid only in
stop mode.
22
HD404829R Series
$ 000,0
IE
INT0 interrupt
Interrupt
request
$ 000,2
IFO
$ 000,3
IMO
Vector
address
Priority controller
INT1 interrupt
$ 001,0
IF1
$ 001,1
IM1
Timer A interrupt
$ 001,2
IFTA
$ 001,3
IMTA
Timer B interrupt
Timer C interrupt
Timer D interrupt
$ 002,0
IFTB
$ 022,0
IF2
INT2 interrupt
$ 002,1
IMTB
$ 022,1
IM2
$ 002,2
IFTC
$ 022,2
IF3
INT3 interrupt
$ 002,3
IMTC
$ 022,3
IM3
$ 003,0
IFTD
$ 023,0
IF4
INT4 interrupt
$ 003,1
$ 023,1
IM4
IMTD
A/D interrupt
$ 003,2
IFAD
$ 023,2
Serial interrupt
IFS
$ 003,3
IMAD
$ 023,3
IMS
Note: $m,n is RAM address $m, bit number n.
Figure 9 Interrupt Control Circuit
23
HD404829R Series
Table 3 Interrupt Processing and Activation Conditions
Interrupt Source
Interrupt
Cuntrol Bit
INT0
INT1
Timer A
Timer B or
INT2
Timer C or
INT3
Timer D or
INT4
A/D or
Serial
IE
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IF0 . IM0
IF1 . IM1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
1
0
0
0
0
0
IFTA . IMTA
IFTB . IMTB
+ IF2 . IM2
*
*
1
0
0
0
0
*
*
*
1
0
0
0
IFTC .
+ IF3 .
IFTD .
+ IF4 .
IMTC
IM3
*
*
*
*
1
0
0
IMTD
IM4
*
*
*
*
*
1
0
IFAD . IMAD
+ IFS . IMS
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
Note: Bits marked * can be either 0 or 1. Their values have no effect on operation.
Instruction cycles
1
2
3
4
5
6
Instruction
execution*
Interrupt
acceptance
Stacking
IE reset
Vector address
generation
Execution of JMPL
instruction at vector address
Note: * The stack is accessed and the IE reset after the instruction
is executed, even if it is a 2-cycle instruction.
Figure 10 Interrupt Processing Sequence
24
Execution of
instruction at
start address
of interrupt
routine
HD404829R Series
Power on
RESET = 1?
Yes
No
Interrupt
request?
No
Yes
No
IE = 1?
Yes
Reset MCU
Accept the interrupt
Execute instruction
IE ← 0
Stack ← (PC)
Stack ← (CA)
Stack ← (ST)
PC ←(PC) + 1
PC← $0002
Yes
INT0
interrupt?
No
PC← $0004
Yes
INT1
interrupt?
No
PC← $0006
Yes
Timer-A
interrupt?
No
PC← $0008
Yes
Timer-B/INT2
interrupt?
No
PC ← $000A
Yes
Timer-C/INT3
interrupt?
No
PC ← $000C
Yes
Timer-D/INT4
interrupt?
No
PC ← $000E
(A/D, serial interrupt)
Figure 11 Interrupt Processing Flowchart
25
HD404829R Series
Interrupt Enable Flag (IE: $000, Bit 0): Controls the entire interrupt process. It is reset by the interrupt
processing and set by the RTNI instruction, as listed in table 4.
Table 4 Interrupt Enable Flag (IE: $000, Bit 0)
IE
Interrupt
Enabled/Disabled
0
Disabled
1
Enabled
External Interrupts (INT0, INT1, INT2–INT4): Five external interrupt signals.
External Interrupt Request Flags (IF0–IF4: $000, $001, $022, $023): IF0 and IF1 are set at the falling
edge of signals input to INT0 and INT1, and IF2–IF4 are set at the rising or falling edge of signals input to
INT 2–INT 4, as listed in table 5. The INT2–INT4 interrupt edges are selected by the detection edge select
registers (ESR1, ESR2: $026, $027) as shown in figures 12 and 13.
Table 5 External Interrupt Request Flags (IF0–IF4: $000, $001, $022, $023)
IF0–IF4
Interrupt Request
0
No
1
Yes
Detection edge selection register 1 (ESR1: $026)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
ESR13
ESR12
ESR11
ESR10
Bit name
INT3 detection edge
ESR13
ESR12
0
0
No detection
1
Falling-edge detection
0
Rising-edge detection
1
Double-edge detection *
1
INT2 detection edge
ESR11
ESR10
0
0
No detection
1
Falling-edge detection
0
Rising-edge detection
1
Double-edge detection
1
Note: * Both falling and rising edges are detected.
Figure 12 Detection Edge Selection Register 1 (ESR1)
26
*
HD404829R Series
Detection edge selection register 2 (ESR2: $027)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
ESR23
ESR22
ESR21
ESR20
Bit name
EVND detection edge
ESR23
ESR22
0
0
No detection
1
Falling-edge detection
0
Rising-edge detection
1
Double-edge detection *
1
INT4 detection edge
ESR21
ESR20
0
0
No detection
1
Falling-edge detection
0
Rising-edge detection
1
Double-edge detection*
1
Note: * Both falling and rising edges are detected.
Figure 13 Detection Edge Selection Register 2 (ESR2)
External Interrupt Masks (IM0–IM4: $000, $001, $022, $023): Prevent (mask) interrupt requests
caused by the corresponding external interrupt request flags, as listed in table 6.
Table 6 External Interrupt Masks (IM0–IM4: $000, $001, $022, $023)
IM0–IM4
Interrupt Request
0
Enabled
1
Disabled (masked)
Timer A Interrupt Request Flag (IFTA: $001, Bit 2): Set by overflow output from timer A, as listed in
table 7.
Table 7 Timer A Interrupt Request Flag (IFTA: $001, Bit 2)
IFTA–IFTD
Interrupt Request
0
No
1
Yes
27
HD404829R Series
Timer A Interrupt Mask (IMTA: $001, Bit 3): Prevents (masks) an interrupt request caused by the
timer A interrupt request flag, as listed in table 8.
Table 8 Timer A Interrupt Mask (IMTA: $001, Bit 3)
IMTA–IMTD
Interrupt Request
0
Enabled
1
Disabled (masked)
Timer B Interrupt Request Flag (IFTB: $002, Bit 0): Set by overflow output from timer B, as listed in
table 7.
Timer B Interrupt Mask (IMTB: $002, Bit 1): Prevents (masks) an interrupt request caused by the
timer B interrupt request flag, as listed in table 8.
Timer C Interrupt Request Flag (IFTC: $002, Bit 2): Set by overflow output from timer C, as listed in
table 7.
Timer C Interrupt Mask (IMTC: $002, Bit 3): Prevents (masks) an interrupt request caused by the
timer C interrupt request flag, as listed in table 8.
Timer D Interrupt Request Flag (IFTD: $003, Bit 0): Set by overflow output from timer D, or by the
rising or falling of signals input to EVND when the input capture function is used, as listed in table 7.
Timer D Interrupt Mask (IMTD: $003, Bit 1): Prevents (masks) an interrupt request caused by the
timer D interrupt request flag, as listed in table 8.
Serial Interrupt Request Flag (IFS: $023, Bit 2): Set when data transfer is completed or when data
transfer is suspended, as listed in table 9.
Table 9 Serial Interrupt Request Flag (IFS: $023, Bit 2)
IFS
Interrupt Request
0
No
1
Yes
28
HD404829R Series
Serial Interrupt Mask (IMS: $023, Bit 3): Prevents (masks) an interrupt request caused by the serial
interrupt request flag, as listed in table 10.
Table 10 Serial Interrupt Mask (IMS: $023, Bit 3)
IMS
Interrupt Request
0
Enabled
1
Disabled (masked)
A/D Interrupt Request Flag (IFAD: $003, Bit 2): Set at the completion of A/D conversion, as listed in
table 11.
Table 11 A/D Interrupt Request Flag (IFAD: $003, Bit 2)
IFAD
Interrupt Request
0
No
1
Yes
A/D Interrupt Mask (IMAD: $003, Bit 3): Prevents (masks) an interrupt request caused by the A/D
interrupt request flag, as listed in table 12.
Table 12 A/D Interrupt Mask (IMAD: $003, Bit 3)
IMAD
Interrupt Request
0
Enabled
1
Disabled (masked)
29
HD404829R Series
Operating Modes
The MCU has five operating modes as shown in table 13. The operations in each mode are listed in tables
14 and 15. Transitions between operating modes are shown in figure 14.
Active Mode: All MCU functions operate according to the clock generated by the system oscillator OSC1
and OSC2.
Table 13 Operating Modes and Clock Status
Mode Name
Active
Standby
Stop
Watch
Subactive*2
RESET
cancellation,
interrupt
request,
STOPC
cancellation
in stop mode,
STOP/SBY
instruction in
subactive mode
(when direct
transfer is
selected)
SBY
instruction
from active
mode
STOP
instruction
when
TMA3 = 0
STOP
instruction
when
TMA3 = 1
or SBY
instruction from
subactive mode
(when LSON = 1,
or LSON and
DTON are
both 0)
AN interrupt
request from
timer A or
INT0 in watch
mode when
LSON = 1
System
oscillator
Operating
Operating
Stopped
Stopped
Stopped
Subsystem
oscillator
Operating *1
Operating *1
Operating *1
Operating *1
Operating *1
RESET input,
STOP/SBY
instruction
RESET input, RESET input,
interrupt
STOPC input
request
in stop mode
RESET input,
INT0 or timer A
interrupt
request
RESET input,
STOP/SBY
instruction
Activation
method
Status
Cancellation
method
Notes: 1. Operating or stopping the oscillator can be selected by setting bit 3 of the system clock select
register (SSR: $029).
2. Subactive mode is an optional function; specify it on the function option list.
30
HD404829R Series
Table 14 Operations in Low-Power Dissipation Modes
Function
Stop Mode
Watch Mode
Standby Mode
Subactive Mode*2
CPU
Reset
Retained
Retained
Operating
RAM
Retained
Retained
Retained
Operating
Timer A
Reset
Operating
Operating
Operating
Timer B
Reset
Stopped
Operating
Operating
Timer C
Reset
Stopped
Operating
Operating
Timer D
Reset
Stopped
Operating
Operating
Serial interface
Reset
Stopped *3
Operating
Operating
A/D
Reset
Stopped
Operating
Stopped
LCD
Reset
Operating *4
Operating
Operating
I/O
Reset *1
Retained
Retained
Operating
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
Output pins are at high impedance.
Subactive mode is an optional function specified on the function option list.
Transmission/Reception is activated if a clock is input in external clock mode. However,
interrupts stop.
When a 32-kHz clock source is used.
Table 15 I/O Status in Low-Power Dissipation Modes
Output
Input
Standby Mode,
Watch Mode
Stop Mode
Active Mode,
Subactive Mode
D0–D 9
Retained
High impedance
Input enabled
D10–D 11
—
—
Input enabled
R0–R7
Retained or output
of peripheral functions
High impedance
Input enabled
31
HD404829R Series
Reset by
RESET input or
by watchdog timer
Stop mode
(TMA3 = 0, SSR3 = 0)
RAME = 0
RAME = 1
RESET1
RESET2
STOPC
STOPC
STOP
Oscillate
Oscillate
Stop
fcyc
fcyc
Stop
Oscillate
Stop
Stop
Stop
Active
mode
Standby mode
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
SBY
Interrupt
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
Oscillate
Oscillate
fcyc
fcyc
fcyc
(TMA3 = 0, SSR3 = 1)
STOP
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
Stop
Stop
Stop
Stop
Stop
(TMA3 = 0)
Watch mode
(TMA3 = 1)
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
Oscillate
Oscillate
Stop
fW
fcyc
SBY
Interrupt
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
Oscillate
Oscillate
fcyc
fW
fcyc
(TMA3 = 1, LSON = 0)
STOP
INT0,
timer A*1
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
Stop
Oscillate
Stop
fW
Stop
*3
fOSC:
fX:
Main oscillation frequency
Suboscillation frequency
for time-base
fOSC/4
fcyc:
fSUB:
fX/8 or fX/4
(software selectable)
fW:
fX/8
ø CPU : CPU operating clock
ø CLK : Timer A operating clock
ø PER : Clock for peripheral functions
(except timer A)
LSON: Low speed on flag
DTON: Direct transfer on flag
*2
Subactive
mode
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
STOP
Stop
Oscillate
fSUB
fW
fSUB
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
*4
INT0,
timer A*1
fOSC:
fX:
ø CPU :
ø CLK :
ø PER :
Stop
Oscillate
Stop
fW
Stop
Interrupt source
STOP/SBY (DTON = 1, LSON = 0)
STOP/SBY (DTON = 0, LSON = 0)
STOP/SBY (DTON = Don’t care, LSON = 1)
Figure 14 MCU Status Transitions
32
(TMA3 = 1, LSON = 1)
HD404829R Series
Standby Mode: In standby mode, the oscillators continue to operate, but the clocks related to instruction
execution stop. Therefore, the CPU operation stops, but all RAM and register contents are retained, and the
D or R port status, when set to output, is maintained. Peripheral functions such as interrupts, timers, and
serial interface continue to operate. The power dissipation in this mode is lower than in active mode
because the CPU stops.
The MCU enters standby mode when the SBY instruction is executed in active mode.
Standby mode is terminated by a RESET input or an interrupt request. If it is terminated by RESET input,
the MCU is reset as well. After an interrupt request, the MCU enters active mode and executes the next
instruction after the SBY instruction. If the interrupt enable flag is 1, the interrupt is then processed; if it is
0, the interrupt request is left pending and normal instruction execution continues. A flowchart of
operation in standby mode is shown in figure 15.
Stop mode
Standby mode
RESET = 1?
RESET = 1?
No
Yes
Watch mode
No
Yes
IF0 • IM0 = 1?
No
No
STOPC = 0?
Yes
IF1 • IM1 = 1?
Yes
Yes
RAME = 1
No
*1
No
IFTA • IMTA
= 1?
Yes
IFTB •
IMTB + IF2 •
IM2 = 1?
RAME = 0
*1
Yes
No
IFTC •
IMTC + IF3 •
IM3 = 1?
Yes *1
No
IFTD •
IMTD + IF4 •
IM4 = 1?
No
Yes*1
No
*2
Yes*1
System clock
oscillator started
Next instruction
execution
System clock
oscillator started
System reset
No
IF = 1,
IM = 0,
IE = 1?
Yes
Notes: 1. Only when clearing from standby mode
2. IFAD • IMAD + IFS • IMS = 1
Next instruction
execution
Interrupts
enabled
Figure 15 MCU Operation Flowchart
33
,
HD404829R Series
Stop Mode: In stop mode, all MCU operations stop and RAM data is retained. Therefore, the power
dissipation in this mode is the least of all modes. The OSC 1 and OSC2 oscillator stops. For the X1 and X2
oscillator to operate or stop can be selected by setting bit 3 of the system clock select register (SSR: $029;
operating: SSR3 = 0, stop: SSR3 = 1) (figure 27). The MCU enters stop mode if the STOP instruction is
executed in active mode when bit 3 of timer mode register A (TMA: $008) is set to 0 (TMA3 = 0) (figure
44).
Stop mode is terminated by a RESET input or a STOPC input as shown in figure 16. RESET or STOPC
must be applied for at least one tRC to stabilize oscillation (refer to the AC Characteristics section). When
the MCU restarts after stop mode is cancelled, all RAM contents before entering stop mode are retained,
but the accuracy of the contents of the accumulator, B register, W register, X/SPX register, Y/SPY register,
carry flag, and serial data register cannot be guaranteed.
Stop mode
Oscillator
Internal
clock
RESET
STOPC
tres
STOP instruction execution
(at least equal to oscillator stabilization time tRC)
Figure 16 Timing of Stop Mode Cancellation
Watch Mode: In watch mode, the clock function (timer A) using the X1 and X2 oscillator and the LCD
function operate, but other function operations stop. Therefore, the power dissipation in this mode is the
second least to stop mode, and this mode is convenient when only clock display is used. In this mode, the
OSC1 and OSC2 oscillator stops, but the X1 and X2 oscillator operates. The MCU enters watch mode if
the STOP instruction is executed in active mode when TMA3 = 1, or if the STOP or SBY instruction is
executed in subactive mode.
Watch mode is terminated by a RESET input or a timer-A/INT0 interrupt request. For details of RESET
input, refer to the Stop Mode section. When terminated by a timer-A/INT0 interrupt request, the MCU
enters active mode if LSON = 0, or subactive mode if LSON = 1. After an interrupt request is generated,
the time required to enter active mode is tRC for a timer A interrupt, and TX (where T + tRC < TX < 2T +
tRC ) for an INT 0 interrupt, as shown in figures 17 and 18.
Operation during mode transition is the same as that at standby mode cancellation (figure 15).
34
HD404829R Series
Subactive Mode: The OSC1 and OSC2 oscillator stops and the MCU operates with a clock generated by
the X1 and X2 oscillator. In this mode, functions except the A/D conversion operate. However, because
the operating clock is slow, the power dissipation becomes low, next to watch mode.
The CPU instruction execution speed can be selected as 244 µs or 122 µs by setting bit 2 (SSR2) of the
system clock select register (SSR: $029). Note that the SSR2 value must be changed in active mode. If the
value is changed in subactive mode, the MCU may malfunction.
When the STOP or SBY instruction is executed in subactive mode, the MCU enters either watch or active
mode, depending on the statuses of the low speed on flag (LSON: $020, bit 0) and the direct transfer on
flag (DTON: $020, bit 3).
Subactive mode is an optional function that the user must specify on the function option list.
Interrupt Frame: In watch and subactive modes, φCLK is applied to timer A and the INT0Icircuit.
Prescaler W and timer A operate as the time-base and generate the timing clock for the interrupt frame.
Three interrupt frame lengths (T) can be selected by setting the miscellaneous register (MIS: $00C) (figure
18).
In watch and subactive modes, the timer-A/ INT0 interrupt is generated synchronously with the interrupt
frame. The interrupt request is generated synchronously with the interrupt strobe timing except during
transition to active mode. The falling edge of the INT0 signal is input asynchronously with the interrupt
frame timing, but it is regarded as input synchronously with the second interrupt strobe clock after the
falling edge. An overflow and interrupt request in timer A is generated synchronously with the interrupt
strobe timing.
Oscillation
stabilization period
Active mode
Watch mode
Active mode
Interrupt strobe
INT0
Interrupt request
generation
T
(During the transition
from watch mode to
active mode only)
T
tRC
TX
T:
Interrupt frame length
t RC : Oscillation stabilization period
Note: If the time from the fall of the INT0 signal until the interrrupt is accepted
and active mode is entered and is designated Tx, then Tx will be in the
following range:
T + tRC ≤ Tx ≤ 2T + tRC
Figure 17 Interrupt Frame
35
HD404829R Series
Direct Transition from Subactive Mode to Active Mode: Available by controlling the direct transfer on
flag (DTON: $020, bit 3) and the low speed on flag (LSON: $020, bit 0). The procedures are described
below:
• Set LSON to 0 and DTON to 1 in subactive mode.
• Execute the STOP or SBY instruction.
• The MCU automatically enters active mode from subactive mode after waiting for the MCU internal
processing time and oscillation stabilization time (figure 19).
Notes: 1. The DTON flag can be set only in subactive mode. It is always reset in active mode.
2. The transition time (TD) from subactive mode to active mode:
tRC < TD < T + tRC
Miscellaneous register (MIS: $00C)
Bit
3
2
0
1
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
MIS3
MIS2
MIS1
MIS0
Bit name
MIS3
MIS2
Buffer control.
Refer to figure 41.
MIS1
MIS0
0
0
T*1
tRC * 1
0.24414 ms 0.12207 ms
0.24414
0
1
1
0
1
1
Oscillation circuit conditions
External clock input
ms* 2
15.625 ms 7.8125 ms
Ceramic oscillator
62.5 ms
31.25 ms
Crystal oscillator
Not used
Not used
—
Notes: 1. Values of T and tRC when a 32.768-kHz crystal oscillator is used to pins ×1 and ×2.
2. The value is applied only when direct transfer operation is used.
Figure 18 Miscellaneous Register (MIS)
STOP/SBY instruction execution
Subactive mode
MCU internal
processing time
Oscillation
stabilization
time
(Set LSON = 0, DTON = 1)
Interrupt strobe
Direct transfer
completion timing
t RC
T
TD
Interrupt frame length
T:
t RC : Oscillation stabilization period
TD : Direct transition time
Figure 19 Direct Transition Timing
36
Active mode
HD404829R Series
Stop Mode Cancellation by STOPC : The MCU enters active mode from stop mode by inputting
STOPC as well as by RESET. In either case, the MCU starts instruction execution from the starting
address (address 0) of the program. However, the value of the RAM enable flag (RAME: $021, bit 3)
differs between cancellation by STOPC and by RESET. When stop mode is cancelled by RESET, RAME
= 0; when cancelled by STOPC, RAME = 1. RESET can cancel all modes, but STOPC is valid only in
stop mode; STOPC input is ignored in other modes. Therefore, when the program requires to confirm that
stop mode has been cancelled by STOPC (for example, when the RAM contents before entering stop mode
is used after transition to active mode), execute the TEST instruction to the RAM enable flag (RAME) at
the beginning of the program.
MCU Operation Sequence: The MCU operates in the sequence shown in figures 20 to 22. It is reset by
an asynchronous RESET input, regardless of its status.
The low-power mode operation sequence is shown in figure 22. With the IE flag cleared and an interrupt
flag set together with its interrupt mask cleared, if a STOP/SBY instruction is executed, the instruction is
cancelled (regarded as an NOP) and the following instruction is executed. Before executing a STOP/SBY
instruction, make sure all interrupt flags are cleared or all interrupts are masked.
Power on
RESET = 1 ?
No
Yes
RAME = 0
MCU
operation
cycle
Reset MCU
Figure 20 MCU Operating Sequence (Power On)
37
HD404829R Series
MCU operation
cycle
IF = 1?
No
Instruction
execution
Yes
SBY/STOP
instruction?
Yes
No
IM = 0 and
IE = 1?
Yes
IE ← 0
Stack ← (PC),
(CA),
(ST)
No
Low-power mode
operation cycle
IF:
IM:
IE:
PC:
CA:
ST:
PC ← Next
location
PC ← Vector
address
Interrupt request flag
Interrupt mask
Interrupt enable flag
Program counter
Carry flag
Status flag
Figure 21 MCU Operating Sequence (MCU Operation Cycle)
38
HD404829R Series
STOP/SBY
Instruction
IF = 1 and
IM = 0?
No
Yes
Standby/watch
mode
Stop mode
No
IE = 0
*
No
Interrupt
service
routine
Yes
IF = 1 and
IM = 0?
No
STOPC = 0?
Yes
Yes
Hardware NOP
execution
Hardware NOP
execution
RAME = 1
PC ← (PC)+1
PC ← (PC)+1
Reset MCU
Instruction
execution
MCU operation
cycle
Note: *Refer to figure 15, Flowchart for Exiting Low Power Modes, for IF and IM operation.
Figure 22 MCU Operating Sequence (Low-Power Mode Operation)
39
HD404829R Series
Notes: 1. When watch mode or subactive mode on HD404829R Series/HD4074829 is used and the LCD
function is off in that mode, the watch mode or subactive mode current is larger, and
consequently the following settings should be made.
Perform the following writes in the order shown before the transition to watch mode (before
execution of the STOP instruction):
Write $0 to LCR
Write $3 to LMR
Also, when returning to active mode from watch mode or subactive mode, perform the following
writes in the order shown:
Write a value appropriate to the conditions of use to LMR
Write a value appropriate to the conditions of use to LCR
A sample programming flowchart for the above procedures is shown in figure 23.
..
.
LMR
LCR
..
.
Set
appropriate
values for
active mode
Initialization routine
..
.
LCR = $0
LMR. = $3
..
Include these
operations
Main routine
STOP instruction
Watch mode
Or transition to
subactive mode
After the MCU enters active mode again
..
.
LMR
LCR
..
.
Set
appropriate
values for
active mode
INT 0 or timer A
interrupt processing
routine
Figure 23 Programming Flowchart (LCD Display Off in Watch or Subactive Mode)
40
HD404829R Series
Notes: 2. When the MCU is in watch mode or subactive mode, if the high level period before the falling
edge of INT0 is shorter than the interrupt frame, INT0 is not detected. Also, if the low level period
after the falling edge of INT0 is shorter than the interrupt frame, INT0 is not detected.
Edge detection is shown in figure 24. The level of the INT0 signal is sampled by a sampling
clock. When this sampled value changes to low from high, a falling edge is detected.
In figure 25, the level of the INT0 signal is sampled by an interrupt frame. In (a) the sampled
value is low at point A, and also low at point B. Therefore, a falling edge is not detected. In (b),
the sampled value is high at point A, and also high at point B. A falling edge is not detected in
this case either.
When the MCU is in watch mode or subactive mode, keep the high level and low level period of
INT 0 longer than interrupt frame.
INT0
Sampling
High
Low
Low
Figure 24 Edge Detection
INT0
INT0
Interrupt
frame
Interrupt
frame
A: Low
B: Low
(a) High level period
A: High
B: High
(b) Low level period
Figure 25 Sampling Example
41
HD404829R Series
Internal Oscillator Circuit
A block diagram of the clock generation circuit is shown in figure 26. As shown in table 16, a ceramic
oscillator can be connected to OSC 1 and OSC2, and a 32.768-kHz oscillator can be connected to X1 and
X2. The system oscillator can also be operated by an external clock. Bit 1 (SSR1) of the system clock
select register (SSR: $029) must be set according to the frequency of the oscillator connected to OSC1 and
OSC2 (figure 27).
Note: If the system clock select register (SSR: $029) setting does not match the oscillator frequency,
DTMF generator and subsystems using the 32.768-kHz oscillation will malfunction.
LSON
OSC2
1/4
System fOSC
division
clock
circuit
oscillator
fcyc
tcyc
Timing
generation
circuit
OSC1
fX
X1
X2
Subsystem
clock
oscillator
CPU with ROM,
RAM, registers,
flags, and I/O
øCPU
System
clock
selection
circuit
øPER
Internal
peripheral
module
interrupt
(other than timer A)
fSUB
1/8 or 1/4
Timing
division tsubcyc generation
circuit *
circuit
TMA3 bit
1/8
division
circuit
fW
tWcyc
Timing
generation
circuit
Clock
Time-base øCLK
clock
selection
circuit
Note: * 1/8 or 1/4 division ratio can be selected by setting bit 2 of the system
clock select register (SSR: $029).
Figure 26 Clock Generation Circuit
42
Time A
interrupt
HD404829R Series
System clock select register (SSR: $029)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
—
—
W
W
—
—
SSR3
SSR2
—
—
Read/Write
Bit name
SSR3
32-kHz oscillation stop
SSR1
System clock selection
0
Oscillation operates in stop mode
0
fOSC = 400 kHz to 1 MHz
1
Oscillation stops in stop mode
1
fOSC = 1.6 to 4.2 MHz
SSR2
32-kHz oscillation division
ratio selection
0
fSUB = fX/8
1
fSUB = fX/4
Note: SSR3 is cleared only by a RESET input. SSR3 will not be cleared
by a STOPC input duringstop mode, and will retain its value.
SSR3 will also not be cleared upon entering stop mode.
Figure 27 System Clock Select Register (SSR)
D0
GND
X2
X1
RESET
OSC2
OSC1
TEST
GND
AVSS
Figure 28 Typical Layouts of Crystal and Ceramic Oscillator
43
HD404829R Series
Table 16 Oscillator Circuit Examples
Circuit Configuration
Circuit Constants
—
External clock
operation
External
oscillator
OSC 1
Open
OSC 2
Ceramic oscillator
Ceramic oscillator: CSB400P22 (Murata)
CSB400P (Murata)
Rf = 1 MΩ ± 20%
C1 = C2 = 220 pF ± 5%
(OSC1, OSC 2)
Ceramic oscillator: CSB800J122 (Murata)
CSB800J (Murata)
Rf = 1 MΩ ± 20%
C1 = C2 = 220 pF ± 5%
C1
OSC1
Ceramic
oscillator
Rf
Ceramic oscillator: CSA2.00MG (Murata)
Rf = 1 MΩ ± 20%
C1 = C2 = 30 pF ± 20%
OSC2
C2
GND
Ceramic oscillator: CSA4.00MG (Murata)
Rf = 1 MΩ ± 20%
C1 = C2 = 30 pF ± 20%
Rf = 1 MΩ ± 20%
C1 = C2 = 10 to 22pF ± 20%
C1
Crystal oscillator
(OSC1, OSC 2)
OSC1
Rf
Crystal
oscillator
Crystal : Equivalent circuit at left
C0 =7pF max
Rs = 100Ω max
OSC2
C2
GND
L
OSC1
CS
RS
OSC2
C0
C1
Crystal oscillator
Crystal oscillator: 32.768 kHz: MX38T
(Nippon Denpa)
C1 = C2 = 20 pF ± 20%
RS: 14 kΩ
C0: 1.5 pF
X1
(X1, X2)
Crystal
oscillator
X2
C2
GND
L
CS RS
X1
X2
C0
44
HD404829R Series
Notes: 1. Circuit constants differ by the different types of crystal oscillators, ceramic oscillators, and with the
stray capacitance of the board, so consult the manufacturer of the oscillator to determine the
circuit parameters.
2. The wiring between the OSC1, OSC 2 (X1 and X2 pins), and the other elements should be as short
as possible, and must not cross other wiring. Refer to figure 28.
3. If not using a 32.768-kHz crystal oscillator, fix the X1 pin to VCC and leave the X2 pin open.
45
HD404829R Series
Input/Output
The MCU has 42 input/output pins (D 0–D 9, R0 0–R7 3 ) and 2 input pins (D10 , D11 ). The features are
described below.
• Ten pins (D0–D9) are high-current input/output pins.
• The D10 and D11, and R0 0–R7 3 input/output pins are multiplexed with peripheral function pins such as
for the timers or serial interface. For these pins, the peripheral function setting is done prior to the D or
R port setting. Therefore, when a peripheral function is selected for a pin, the pin function and
input/output selection are automatically switched according to the setting.
• Input or output selection for input/output pins and port or peripheral function selection for multiplexed
pins are set by software.
• Peripheral function output pins are CMOS output pins. Only the R23/SO pin can be set to NMOS opendrain output by software.
• In stop mode, the MCU is reset, and therefore peripheral function selection is cancelled. Input/output
pins are in high-impedance state.
• Each input/output pin has a built-in pull-up MOS, which can be individually turned on or off by
software.
I/O buffer configuration is shown in figure 29, programmable I/O circuits are listed in table 17, and I/O pin
circuit types are shown in table 18.
Table 17 Programmable I/O Circuits
MIS3 (bit 3 of MIS)
0
DCD, DCR
0
PDR
CMOS buffer
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
PMOS
—
—
—
On
—
—
—
On
NMOS
—
—
On
—
—
—
On
—
—
—
—
—
—
On
—
On
Pull-up MOS
Note: — indicates off status.
46
1
HD404829R Series
HLT
Pull-up control signal
VCC
MIS3
VCC
Pull-up
MOS
Buffer control signal
DCD, DCR
Output data
PDR
Input data
Input control signal
Figure 29 I/O Buffer Configuration
Table 18 Circuit Configurations of I/O Pins
I/O Pin Type
Input/output pins
Circuit
VCC
Pins
HLT
VCC
Pull-up control signal
Buffer control
signal
MIS3
DCD, DCR
Output data
PDR
Input data
D0 – D9
R0 0–R0 3
R1 0–R1 3
R2 0–R2 2
R3 0–R3 3
R4 0–R4 3
R5 0–R5 3
R6 0–R6 3
R7 0–R7 3
Input control signal
VCC
HLT
VCC
Pull-up control signal
Buffer control
signal
Output data
R2 3
MIS3
DCR
MIS2
PDR
Input data
Input control signal
Input pins
Input data
D10, D11
Input control signal
47
HD404829R Series
Table 18 Circuit Configurations of I/O Pins (cont)
I/O Pin Type
Peripheral
function
pins
Circuit
Input/output
pins
Pins
HLT
VCC
VCC
Pull-up control signal
MIS3
Output data
Input data
Output pins
SCK
SCK
HLT
VCC
VCC
Pull-up control signal
Output data
Pull-up control signal
Output data
Input pins
MIS2
SO
HLT
VCC
VCC
Input data
TOB, TOC, TOD
MIS3
TOB, TOC, TOD
HLT
MIS3
PDR
Input data
SO
MIS3
PMOS control
signal
VCC
SCK
SI, INT1, INT2,
INT3, INT4,
EVNB, EVND
SI, INT1, etc
INT0, STOPC
INT0, STOPC
Notes: 1. The MCU is reset in stop mode, and peripheral function selection is cancelled. The HLT signal
becomes low, and input/output pins enter high-impedance state.
2. The HLT signal is 1 in watch and subactive modes.
48
HD404829R Series
D Port (D0–D11): Consist of 10 input/output pins and 2 input pins addressed by one bit. D0–D9 are highcurrent I/O pins, and D10 and D11 are input-only pins.
Pins D 0–D 9 are set by the SED and SEDD instructions, and reset by the RED and REDD instructions.
Output data is stored in the port data register (PDR) for each pin. All pins D0–D11 are tested by the TD and
TDD instructions.
The on/off statuses of the output buffers are controlled by D-port data control registers (DCD0–DCD2:
$02C–$02E) that are mapped to memory addresses (figure 30).
Pins D10 and D 11 are multiplexed with peripheral function pins STOPC and INT0, respectively. The
peripheral function modes of these pins are selected by bits 2 and 3 (PMRC2, PMRC3) of port mode
register C (PMRC: $025) (figure 31).
R Ports (R0 0–R73): 32 input/output pins addressed in 4-bit units. Data is input to these ports by the LAR
and LBR instructions, and output from them by the LRA and LRB instructions. Output data is stored in the
port data register (PDR) for each pin. The on/off statuses of the output buffers of the R ports are controlled
by R-port data control registers (DCR0–DCR7: $030–$037) that are mapped to memory addresses (figure
30).
Pins R00–R03 are multiplexed with peripheral pins INT1–INT 4, respectively. The peripheral function
modes of these pins are selected by bits 0–3 (PMRB0–PMRB3) of port mode register B (PMRB: $024)
(figure 32).
Pins R10–R12 are multiplexed with peripheral pins TOB, TOC, and TOD, respectively. The peripheral
function modes of these pins are selected by bits 0 and 1 (TMB20, TMB21) of timer mode register B2
(TMB2: $013), bits 0–2 (TMC20–TMC22) of timer mode register C2 (TMC2: $014), and bits 0–3
(TMD20–TMD23) of timer mode register D2 (TMD2: $015) (figures 33, 34, and 35).
Pins R13 and R20 are multiplexed with peripheral pins EVNB and EVND, respectively. The peripheral
function modes of these pins are selected by bits 0 and 1 (PMRC0, PMRC1) of port mode register C
(PMRC: $025) (figure 31).
Pins R21–R23 are multiplexed with peripheral pins SCK, SI, and SO, respectively. The peripheral function
modes of these pins are selected by bit 3 (SMRA3) of serial mode register A (SMRA: $005), and bits 0 and
1 (PMRA0, PMRA1) of port mode register A (PMRA: $004), as shown in figures 36 and 37.
Ports R3 and R4 are multiplexed with segment pins SEG1–SEG8, respectively. The function modes of
these pins can be selected by individual pins, by setting LCD output registers 1 and 2 (LOR1, LOR2: $01D,
$01F) (figures 38 and 39).
Ports R5–R7 are multiplexed with segment pins SEG9–SEG20, respectively. The function modes of these
pins can be selected in 4-pin units by setting LCD output register 3 (LOR3: $01F) (figure 40).
49
HD404829R Series
Data control register
DCD0, DCD1
Bit
(DCD0 to 2: $02C to $02E)
(DCR0 to 7: $030 to $037)
3
2
0
1
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
Bit name
DCD03, DCD02, DCD01, DCD00,
DCD13 DCD12 DCD11 DCD10
DCD2
Bit
3
2
Initial value
—
—
0
0
Read/Write
—
—
W
W
Bit name
Not used Not used DCD21
DCR0 to DCR7
Bit
3
2
0
1
DCD20
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
Bit name
DCR03– DCR02– DCR01– DCR00–
DCR73 DCR72 DCR71 DCR70
All Bits
CMOS Buffer On/Off Selection
0
Off (high-impedance)
1
On
Correspondence between ports and DCD/DCR bits
Register Name
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
DCD0
D3
D2
D1
D0
DCD1
D7
D6
D5
D4
DCD2
—
—
D9
D8
DCR0
R03
R02
R01
R00
DCR1
R13
R12
R11
R10
DCR2
R23
R22
R21
R20
DCR3
R33
R32
R31
R30
DCR4
R43
R42
R41
R40
DCR5
R53
R52
R51
R50
DCR6
R63
R62
R61
R60
DCR7
R73
R72
R71
R70
Figure 30 Data Control Registers (DCD, DCR)
50
HD404829R Series
Port mode register C (PMRC: $025)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
W
W
Read/Write
W
Bit name
PMRC3
PMRC3
W
PMRC2 * PMRC1
PMRC0
D11/INT0 mode selection
PMRC0
R13/EVNB mode selection
0
D11
0
R13
1
INT0
1
EVNB
PMRC2
D10/STOPC mode selection
PMRC1
R20/EVND mode selection
0
D10
0
R20
1
STOPC
1
EVND
Note: * PMRC2 is reset to 0 only by RESET input. When STOPC is input in stop
mode, PMRC2 is not reset but retains its value.
Figure 31 Port Mode Register C (PMRC)
Port mode register B (PMRB: $024)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
Bit name
PMRB3
PMRB3
PMRB2 PMRB1 PMRB0
R03/INT4 mode selection
PMRB0
R00/INT1 mode selection
0
R03
0
R00
1
INT4
1
INT1
PMRB2
R02/INT3 mode selection
PMRB1
R01/INT2 mode selection
0
R02
0
R01
1
INT3
1
INT2
Figure 32 Port Mode Register B (PMRB)
51
HD404829R Series
Timer mode register B2 (TMB2: $013)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
—
—
0
0
Read/Write
—
—
R/W
R/W
Bit name
Not used Not used TMB21
TMB20
R10/TOB mode selection
TMB21
TMB20
0
0
R10
R10 port
1
TOB
Toggle output
0
TOB
0 output
1
TOB
1 output
1
Figure 33 Timer Mode Register B2 (TMB2)
Timer mode register C2 (TMC2: $014)
Bit
3
Initial value
—
0
0
0
Read/Write
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
TMC21
TMC20
Bit name
2
0
1
Not used TMC22
R11/TOC mode selection
TMC22
TMC21
TMC20
0
0
0
R11
R11 port
1
TOC
Toggle output
0
TOC
0 output
1
TOC
1 output
0
—
Not used
TOC
PWM output
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
Figure 34 Timer Mode Register C2 (TMC2)
52
HD404829R Series
Timer mode register D2 (TMD2: $015)
Bit
3
2
0
1
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
TMD23
TMD22
TMD21
TMD20
Bit name
R12/TOD mode selection
TMD23
TMD22
TMD21
TMD20
0
0
0
0
R12
R12 port
1
TOD
Toggle output
0
TOD
0 output
1
TOD
1 output
0
—
Not used
1
TOD
PWM output
✕
R12
Input capture (R12 port)
1
1
0
1
1
✕
1
0
✕
✕ : Don’t care
Figure 35 Timer Mode Register D2 (TMD2)
Serial mode register A (SMRA: $005)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
W
W
Read/Write
Bit name
SMRA3
W
SMRA3
SMRA2 SMRA1
R21/SCK
mode selection
0
R21
1
SCK
W
SMRA0
SMRA2 SMRA1 SMRA0
0
0
1
1
0
1
SCK
Clock source
Prescaler
division
ratio
0
Output
Prescaler
÷2048
1
Output
Prescaler
÷512
0
Output
Prescaler
÷128
1
Output
Prescaler
÷32
0
Output
Prescaler
÷8
1
Output
Prescaler
÷2
0
Output
System clock
—
1
Input
External clock
—
Figure 36 Serial Mode Register A (SMRA)
53
HD404829R Series
Port mode register A (PMRA: $004)
Bit
3
2
Initial value
—
—
0
0
Read/Write
—
—
W
W
Bit name
0
1
Not used Not used PMRA1 PMRA0
PMRA1
R22/SI mode selection
PMRA0
R23/SO mode selection
0
R22
0
R23
1
SI
1
SO
Figure 37 Port Mode Register A (PMRA)
LCD output register 1 (LOR1: $01D)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
Bit name
LOR13
W
W
W
W
LOR13
LOR12
LOR11
LOR10
R33/SEG4 mode selection
LOR11
R31/SEG2 mode selection
0
R33
0
R31
1
SEG4
1
SEG2
LOR12
R32/SEG3 mode selection
LOR10
R30/SEG1 mode selection
0
R32
0
R30
1
SEG3
1
SEG1
Figure 38 LCD Output Register 1 (LOR1)
54
HD404829R Series
LCD output register 2 (LOR2: $01E)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
LOR23
LOR22
LOR21
LOR20
Bit name
LOR23
R43/SEG8 mode selection
LOR21
R41/SEG6 mode selection
0
R43
0
R41
1
SEG8
1
SEG6
LOR22
R42/SEG7 mode selection
LOR20
R40/SEG5 mode selection
0
R42
0
R40
1
SEG7
1
SEG5
Figure 39 LCD Output Register 2 (LAOR2)
LCD output register 3 (LOR3: $01F)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
—
0
0
0
Read/Write
—
W
W
W
LOR31
LOR30
Bit name
LOR32
Not used LOR32
R70/SEG17–R73/SEG20 mode selection
LOR31
R60/SEG13–R63/SEG16 mode selection
0
R70–R73
0
R60–R63
1
SEG17–SEG20
1
SEG13–SEG16
LOR30
R50/SEG9–R53/SEG12 mode selection
0
R50–R53
1
SEG9–SEG12
Figure 40 LCD Output Register 3 (LOR3)
55
HD404829R Series
Pull-Up MOS Transistor Control: A program-controlled pull-up MOS transistor is provided for each
input/output pin other than input-only pins D10 and D 11 . The on/off status of all these transistors is
controlled by bit 3 (MIS3) of the miscellaneous register (MIS: $00C), and the on/off status of an individual
transistor can also be controlled by the port data register (PDR) of the corresponding pin—enabling on/off
control of that pin alone (table 17 and figure 41).
The on/off status of each transistor and the peripheral function mode of each pin can be set independently.
How to Deal with Unused I/O Pins: I/O pins that are not needed by the user system (floating) must be
connected to V CC to prevent LSI malfunctions due to noise. These pins must either be pulled up to VCC by
their pull-up MOS transistors or by resistors of about 100 kΩ.
Miscellaneous register (MIS: $00C)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
MIS3
MIS2
MIS1
MIS0
MIS2
CMOS buffer
on/off selection
for pin R23 /SO
Bit name
MIS3
Pull-up MOS
on/off selection
0
Off
0
On
1
On
1
Off
MIS1
tRC selection.
Refer to figure 18 in the
operation modes section.
Figure 41 Miscellaneous Register (MIS)
56
MIS0
HD404829R Series
Prescalers
The MCU has the following two prescalers, S and W.
The prescalers operating conditions are listed in table 19, and the prescalers output supply is shown in
figure 42. The timers A–D input clocks except external events, the serial transmit clock except the external
clock, and the LCD circuit operating clock are selected from the prescaler outputs, depending on
corresponding mode registers.
Prescaler Operation
Prescaler S: 11-bit counter that inputs the system clock signal. After being reset to $000 by MCU reset,
prescaler S divides the system clock. Prescaler S keeps counting, except in watch and subactive modes and
at MCU reset.
Prescaler W: Five-bit counter that inputs the X1 input clock signal (32-kHz crystal oscillation) divided by
eight. After being reset to $00 by MCU reset, prescaler W divides the input clock. Prescaler W can be
reset by software.
Table 19 Prescaler Operating Conditions
Prescaler
Input Clock
Reset Conditions
Stop Conditions
Prescaler S
System clock (in active and
standby mode),
Subsystem clock (in subactive
mode)
MCU reset
MCU reset,
stop mode,
watch mode
Prescaler W
32-kHz crystal oscillation
MCU reset,
software
MCU reset,
stop mode
LCD
Subsystem
clock
Prescaler W
Timer A
Timer B
Timer C
System
clock
Clock
selector
Prescaler S
Timer D
Serial
Figure 42 Prescaler Output Supply
57
HD404829R Series
Timers
The MCU has four timer/counters (A to D).
•
•
•
•
Timer A:
Timer B:
Timer C:
Timer D:
Free-running timer
Multifunction timer
Multifunction timer
Multifunction timer
Timer A is an 8-bit free-running timer. Timers B–D are 8-bit multifunction timers, whose functions are
listed in table 20. The operating modes are selected by software.
Table 20 Timer Functions
Functions
Timer A
Timer B
Timer C
Timer D
Clock
Prescaler S
Available
Available
Available
Available
source
Prescaler W
Available
—
—
—
External event
—
Available
—
Available
Timer
Free-running
Available
Available
Available
Available
functions
Time-base
Available
—
—
—
Event counter
—
Available
—
Available
Reload
—
Available
Available
Available
Watchdog
—
—
Available
—
Input capture
—
—
—
Available
Timer
Toggle
—
Available
Available
Available
outputs
0 output
—
Available
Available
Available
1 output
—
Available
Available
Available
PWM
—
—
Available
Available
Note: — implies not available.
Timer A
Timer A Functions: Timer A has the following functions.
• Free-running timer
• Clock time-base
The block diagram of timer A is shown in figure 43.
58
HD404829R Series
1/4
1/2
2 fW
fW
twcyc
Timer A interrupt
request flag
(IFTA)
Prescaler W
(PSW)
÷2
÷8
÷ 16
÷ 32
32.768-kHz
oscillator
1/2 twcyc
Clock
Timer
counter A
(TCA) Overflow
System
clock
ø PER
÷2
÷4
÷8
÷ 32
÷ 128
÷ 512
÷ 1024
÷ 2048
Selector
Internal data bus
Selector
Selector
Prescaler S (PSS)
3
Timer mode
register A
(TMA)
Data bus
Clock line
Signal line
Figure 43 Block Diagram of Timer A
Timer A Operations:
• Free-running timer operation: The input clock for timer A is selected by timer mode register A (TMA:
$008).
• Timer A is reset to $00 by MCU reset and
incremented at each input clock. If an input clock is applied to timer A after it has reached
• $FF, an overflow is generated, and timer A is reset to $00. The overflow sets the timer A interrupt
request flag (IFTA: $001, bit 2). Timer A continues to be incremented after reset to $00, and therefore
it generates regular interrupts every 256 clocks.
• Clock time-base operation: Timer A is used as a clock time-base by setting bit 3 (TMA3) of timer
mode register A (TMA: $008) to 1. The prescaler W output is applied to timer A, and timer A
generates interrupts at the correct timing based on the 32.768-kHz crystal oscillation. In this case,
prescaler W and timer A can be reset to $00 by software.
Registers for Timer A Operation: Timer A operating modes are set by the following registers.
• Timer mode register A (TMA: $008): Four-bit write-only register that selects timer A’s operating mode
and input clock source as shown in figure 44.
59
HD404829R Series
Timer mode register A (TMA: $008)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
TMA3
TMA2
TMA1
TMA0
Bit name
Source
Input clock
TMA3 TMA2 TMA1 TMA0 prescaler frequency
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
PSS
2048tcyc
1
PSS
1024tcyc
0
PSS
512tcyc
1
PSS
128tcyc
0
PSS
32tcyc
1
PSS
8tcyc
0
PSS
4tcyc
1
PSS
2tcyc
0
PSW
32tWcyc
1
PSW
16tWcyc
0
PSW
8tWcyc
1
PSW
2tWcyc
0
—
1/2tWcyc
1
—
Not used
✕
—
Reset PSW and TCA
Operating mode
Timer A mode
Time-base mode
✕ : Don’t care
Note: 1. tWcyc = 244.14 µs (when a 32.768-kHz crystal oscillator is used)
2. Timer counter overflow output period (seconds) = input clock period (seconds) × 256.
3. If PSW of TCA reset is selected while the LCD is operating, LCD operation halts (power switch
goes off and all SEG and COM pins are grounded).
When an LCD is connected for display, the PSW and TCA reset periods must be set in the
program to the minimum.
4. The division ratio must not be modified during time-base mode operation, otherwise an overflow
cycle error will occur.
Figure 44 Timer Mode Register A (TMA)
60
HD404829R Series
Timer B
Timer B Functions: Timer B has the following functions.
• Free-running/reload timer
• External event counter
• Timer output operation (toggle, 0, and 1 outputs)
The block diagram of timer B is shown in figure 45.
Timer B ineterrupt
request flag
(IFTB)
Timer output
control logic
EVNB
Timer read
register BL
(TRBL)
÷2
Timer read
register BU
(TRBU)
Overflow
4
÷8
÷32
÷128
Timer counter B
÷512
÷2048
3
Free-runnning/Reload control
φPER
Selector
System
clock
Prescaler S
(PSS)
÷4
(TCBL)
(TCBU)
4
4
Internal data bus
TOB
Timer counter B
(TWBL)
(TWBU)
Timer mode
register B1
(TMB1)
2
Edge detection
control
Timer mode
register B2
(TMB2)
Data bus
Clock line
Signal line
Figure 45 Block Diagram of Timer B
61
HD404829R Series
Timer B Operations:
• Free-running/reload timer operation: The free-running/reload operation, input clock source, and
prescaler division ratio are selected by timer mode register B1 (TMB1: $009).
Timer B is initialized to the value set in timer write register B (TWBL: $00A, TWBU: $00B) by
software and incremented by one at each clock input. If an input clock is applied to timer B after it has
reached $FF, an overflow is generated. In this case, if the reload timer function is enabled, timer B is
initialized to its initial value set in timer write register B; if the free-running timer function is enabled,
the timer is initialized to $00 and then incremented again.
The overflow sets the timer B interrupt request flag (IFTB: $002, bit 0). IFTB is reset by software or
MCU reset. Refer to figure 3 and table 1 for details.
• External event counter operation: Timer B is used as an external event counter by selecting external
event input as input clock source. In this case, pin R13/EVNB must be set to EVNB by port mode
register C (PMRC: $025).
Timer B is incremented by one at each falling edge of signals input to pin EVNB. The other operation
is basically the same as the free-running/reload timer operation.
• Timer output operation: The following three output modes can be selected for timer B by setting timer
mode register B2 (TMB2: $013).
Toggle
0 output
1 output
By selecting the timer output mode, pin R10/TOB is set to TOB. The output from TOB is reset low by
MCU reset.
 Toggle output: When toggle output mode is selected, the output level is inverted if a clock is input
after timer B has reached $FF. By using this function and reload timer function, clock signals can
be output at a required frequency for the buzzer. The output waveform is shown in figure 46.
 0 output: When 0 output mode is selected, the output level is pulled low if a clock is input after
timer B has reached $FF. Note that this function must be used only when the output level is high.
 1 output: When 1 output mode is selected, the output level is set high if a clock is input after timer
B has reached $FF. Note that this function must be used only when the output level is low.
62
HD404829R Series
Toggle output waveform (timers B, C, and D)
Free-running timer
256 clock cycles
256 clock cycles
Reload timer
(256 – N) clock cycles (256 – N) clock cycles
PWM output waveform (timers C and D)
T × (N + 1)
TMC13 = 0
TMD13 = 0
T
T × 256
TMC13 = 1
TMD13 = 1
T × (256 – N)
Note: The waveform is always fixed low when N = $FF.
T: Input clock period to counter (figures 52 and 60)
N: The value of the timer write register
Figure 46 Timer Output Waveform
63
HD404829R Series
Registers for Timer B Operation: By using the following registers, timer B operation modes are selected
and the timer B count is read and written.
Timer mode register B1 (TMB1: $009)
Timer mode register B2 (TMB2: $013)
Timer write register B (TWBL: $00A, TWBU: $00B)
Timer read register B (TRBL: $00A, TRBU: $00B)
Port mode register C (PMRC: $025)
• Timer mode register B1 (TMB1: $009):
Four-bit write-only register that selects the free-running/reload timer function, input clock source, and
the prescaler division ratio as shown in figure 47. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
Writing to this register is valid from the second instruction execution cycle after the execution of the
previous timer mode register B1 write instruction. Setting timer B’s initialization by writing to timer
write register B (TWBL: $00A, TWBU: $00B) must be done after a mode change becomes valid.
Timer mode register B1 (TMB1: $009)
Bit
3
2
1
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
TMB13
TMB12
TMB11
TMB10
Bit name
TMB13
Free-running/reload
timer selection
0
Free-running timer
1
Reload timer
0
Input clock period and input
clock source
TMB12
TMB11
TMB10
0
0
0
2048tcyc
1
512tcyc
0
128tcyc
1
32tcyc
0
8tcyc
1
4tcyc
1
1
0
1
0
2tcyc
1
R13/EVNB (external event input)
Figure 47 Timer Mode Register B1 (TMB1)
Timer mode register B2 (TMB2: $013)
Bit
3
2
1
Initial value
—
—
0
0
TMB21
TMB20
Read/Write
—
—
R/W
R/W
0
0
R10
R10 port
1
TOB
Toggle output
0
TOB
0 output
1
TOB
1 output
Bit name
Not used Not used TMB21
0
TMB20
1
R10/TOB mode selection
Figure 48 Timer Mode Register B2 (TMB2)
64
HD404829R Series
• Timer mode register B2 (TMB2: $013): Two-bit read/write register that selects the timer B output
mode as shown in figure 48. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
• Timer write register B (TWBL: $00A, TWBU: $00B): Write-only register consisting of the lower digit
(TWBL) and the upper digit (TWBU) as shown in figures 49 and 50. The lower digit is reset to $0 by
MCU reset, but the upper digit value is invalid.
Timer B is initialized by writing to timer write register B. In this case, the lower digit (TWBL) must be
written to first, but writing only to the lower digit does not change the timer B value. Timer B is
initialized to the value in timer write register B at the same time the upper digit (TWBU) is written to.
When timer write register B is written to again and if the lower digit value needs no change, writing
only to the upper digit initializes timer B.
Timer write register B (lower digit) (TWBL: $00A)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
TWBL3
TWBL2
TWBL1
TWBL0
Bit name
Figure 49 Timer Write Register B Lower Digit (TWBL)
Timer write register B (upper digit) (TWBU: $00B)
Bit
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
3
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
W
W
W
W
TWBU3
TWBU2
TWBU1
TWBU0
Figure 50 Timer Write Register B Upper Digit (TWBU)
• Timer read register B (TRBL: $00A, TRBU: $00B): Read-only register consisting of the lower digit
(TRBL) and the upper digit (TRBU) that holds the count of the timer B upper digit (figures 51 and 52).
The upper digit (TRBU) must be read first. At this time, the count of the timer B upper digit is
obtained, and the count of the timer B lower digit is latched to the lower digit (TRBL). After this, by
reading TRBL, the count of timer B when TRBU is read can be obtained.
65
HD404829R Series
Timer read register B (lower digit) (TRBL: $00A)
Bit
3
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
R
R
R
R
TRBL3
TRBL2
TRBL1
TRBL0
Figure 51 Timer Read Register B Lower Digit (TRBL)
Timer read register B (upper digit) (TRBU: $00B)
Bit
3
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
R
R
R
R
TRBU3
TRBU2
TRBU1
TRBU0
Figure 52 Timer Read Register B Upper Digit (TRBU)
• Port mode register C (PMRC: $025): Write-only register that selects R13/EVNB pin function as shown
in figure 53. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
Port mode register C (PMRC: $025)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
Bit name
PMRC3
PMRC3
PMRC2 PMRC1 PMRC0
D11/INT0 mode selection
PMRC1
R20/EVND mode selection
0
D11
0
R20
1
INT0
1
EVND
PMRC2
D10/STOPC mode selection
PMRC0
R13/EVNB mode selection
0
D10
0
R13
1
STOPC
1
EVNB
Figure 53 Port Mode Register C (PMRC)
66
HD404829R Series
Timer C
Timer C Functions: Timer C has the following functions.
• Free-running/reload timer
• Watchdog timer
• Timer output operation (toggle, 0, 1, and PWM outputs)
The block diagram of timer C is shown in figure 54.
67
HD404829R Series
System reset signal
Watchdog on
flag
(WDON)
TOC
System
clock
Timer C
interrupt request
flag
(IFTC)
Watchdog timer
control logic
Timer output
control logic
ø PER
Timer read
register CL
(TRCL)
Timer read
register CU
(TRCU)
÷2
÷8
Timer counter C
Selector
÷ 512
÷ 1024
÷ 2048
3
Timer mode
register C1
(TMC1)
Free-running/reload control
Prescalers ÷ 32
(PSS) ÷ 128
(TCCL)
(TCCU)
4
4
Timer write register C
(TWCL)
3
Timer output
control
Data bus
Timer mode
register C2
(TMC2)
Clock line
Signal line
Figure 54 Block Diagram of Timer C
68
(TWCU)
Internal data bus
4
÷4
HD404829R Series
Timer C Operations:
• Free-running/reload timer operation: The free-running/reload operation, input clock source, and
prescaler division ratio are selected by timer mode register C1 (TMC1: $00D).
Timer C is initialized to the value set in timer write register C (TWCL: $00E, TWCU: $00F) by
software and incremented by one at each clock input. If an input clock is applied to timer C after it has
reached $FF, an overflow is generated. In this case, if the reload timer function is enabled, timer C is
initialized to its initial value set in timer write register C; if the free-running timer function is enabled,
the timer is initialized to $00 and then incremented again.
The overflow sets the timer C interrupt request flag (IFTC: $002, bit 2). IFTC is reset by software or
MCU reset. Refer to figure 3 and table 1 for details.
• Watchdog timer operation: Timer C is used as a watchdog timer for detecting out-of-control program
routines by setting the watchdog on flag (WDON: $020, bit 1) to 1. If a program routine runs out of
control and an overflow is generated, the MCU is reset. Program run can be controlled by initializing
timer C by software before it reaches $FF.
• Timer output operation: The following four output modes can be selected for timer C by setting timer
mode register C2 (TMC2: $014).
Toggle
0 output
1 output
PWM output
By selecting the timer output mode, pin R11/TOC is set to TOC. The output from TOC is reset low by
MCU reset.
 Toggle output: The operation is basically the same as that of timer-B’s toggle output.
 0 output: The operation is basically the same as that of timer-B’s 0 output.
 1 output: The operation is basically the same as that of timer-B’s 1 output.
 PWM output: When PWM output mode is selected, timer C provides the variable-duty pulse output
function. The output waveform differs depending on the contents of timer mode register C1
(TMC1: $00D) and timer write register C (TWCL: $00E, TWCU: $00F). The output waveform is
shown in figure 46.
69
HD404829R Series
Registers for Timer C Operation: By using the following registers, timer C operation modes are selected
and the timer C count is read and written.
Timer mode register C1 (TMC1: $00D)
Timer mode register C2 (TMC2: $014)
Timer write register C (TWCL: $00E, TWCU: $00F)
Timer read register C (TRCL: $00E, TRCU: $00F)
• Timer mode register C1 (TMC1: $00D): Four-bit write-only register that selects the free-running/reload
timer function, input clock source, and the prescaler division ratio as shown in
figure 55. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
Writing to this register is valid from the second instruction execution cycle after the execution of the
previous timer mode register C1 write instruction. Setting timer C’s initialization by writing to timer
write register C (TWCL: $00E, TWCU: $00F) must be done after a mode change becomes valid.
Timer mode register C1 (TMC1: $00D)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
Bit name
TMC13
W
W
W
W
TMC13
TMC12
TMC11
TMC10
Free-running/reload timer selection
0
Free-running timer
1
Reload timer
TMC11
TMC10
0
0
0
2048tcyc
1
1024tcyc
0
512tcyc
1
128tcyc
0
32tcyc
1
8tcyc
0
4tcyc
1
2tcyc
1
1
0
1
Figure 55 Timer Mode Register C1 (TMC1)
70
Input clock period
TMC12
HD404829R Series
• Timer mode register C2 (TMC2: $014): Three-bit read/write register that selects the timer C output
mode as shown in figure 56. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
• Timer write register C (TWCL: $00E, TWCU: $00F): Write-only register consisting of the lower digit
(TWCL) and the upper digit (TWCU). The operation of timer write register C is basically the same as
that of timer write register B (TWBL: $00A, TWBU: $00B).
• Timer read register C (TRCL: $00E, TRCU: $00F): Read-only register consisting of the lower digit
(TRCL) and the upper digit (TRCU) that holds the count of the timer C upper digit. The operation of
timer read register C is basically the same as that of timer read register B (TRBL: $00A, TRBU: $00B).
Timer mode register C2 (TMC2: $014)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
—
0
0
0
—
R/W
Read/Write
Bit name
Not used TMC22
R/W
R/W
TMC21
TMC20
TMC22
TMC21
TMC20
0
0
0
R11
R11 port
1
TOC
Toggle output
0
TOC
0 output
1
TOC
1 output
0
—
Not used
TOC
PWM output
1
1
0
R11/TOC mode selection
1
1
0
1
Figure 56 Timer Mode Register C2 (TMC2)
71
HD404829R Series
Timer write register C (lower digit) (TWCL: $00E)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
TWCL3
TWCL2
TWCL1
TWCL0
Bit name
Figure 57 Timer Write Register C Lower Digit (TWCL)
Timer write register C (upper digit) (TWCU: $00F)
Bit
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
3
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
W
W
W
W
TWCU3
TWCU2
TWCU1
TWCU0
Figure 58 Timer Write Register C Upper Digit (TWCU)
Timer read register C (lower digit) (TRCL: $00E)
Bit
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
3
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
R
R
R
R
TRCL3
TRCL2
TRCL1
TRCL0
Figure 59 Timer Read Register C Lower Digit (TRCL)
Timer read register C (upper digit) (TRCU: $00F)
Bit
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
3
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
R
R
R
R
TRCU3
TRCU2
TRCU1
TRCU0
Figure 60 Timer Read Register C Upper Digit (TRCU)
72
HD404829R Series
Timer D
Timer D Functions: Timer D has the following functions.
•
•
•
•
Free-running/reload timer
External event counter
Timer output operation (toggle, 0, 1, and PWM outputs)
Input capture timer
The block diagram for each operation mode of timer D is shown in figures 61 and 62.
Timer D Operations:
• Free-running/reload timer operation: The free-running/reload operation, input clock source, and
prescaler division ratio are selected by timer mode register D1 (TMD1: $010).
Timer D is initialized to the value set in timer write register D (TWDL: $011, TWDU: $012) by
software and incremented by one at each clock input. If an input clock is applied to timer D after it has
reached $FF, an overflow is generated. In this case, if the reload timer function is enabled, timer D is
initialized to its initial value set in timer write register D; if the free-running timer function is enabled,
the timer is initialized to $00 and then incremented again.
The overflow sets the timer D interrupt request flag (IFTD: $003, bit 0). IFTD is reset by software or
MCU reset. Refer to figure 3 and table 1 for details.
• External event counter operation: Timer D is used as an external event counter by selecting the
external event input as an input clock source. In this case, pin R20/EVND must be set to EVND by port
mode register C (PMRC: $025).
Either falling or rising edge, or both falling and rising edges of input signals can be selected as the
external event detection edge by detection edge select register 2 (ESR2: $027). When both rising and
falling edges detection is selected, the time between the falling edge and rising edge of input signals
must be 2t cyc or longer.
Timer D is incremented by one at each detection edge selected by detection edge select register 2
(ESR2: $027). The other operation is basically the same as the free-running/reload timer operation.
• Timer output operation: The following four output modes can be selected for timer D by setting timer
mode register D2 (TMD2: $015).
Toggle
0 output
1 output
PWM output
By selecting the timer output mode, pin R12/TOD is set to TOD. The output from TOD is reset low by
MCU reset.
 Toggle output: The operation is basically the same as that of timer-B’s toggle output.
 0 output: The operation is basically the same as that of timer-B’s 0 output.
 1 output: The operation is basically the same as that of timer-B’s 1 output.
 PWM output: The operation is basically the same as that of timer-C’s PWM output.
73
HD404829R Series
• Input capture timer operation: The input capture timer counts the clock cycles between trigger edges
input to pin EVND.
Either falling or rising edge, or both falling and rising edges of input signals can be selected as the
trigger input edge by detection edge select register 2 (ESR2: $027).
When a trigger edge is input to EVND, the count of timer D is written to timer read register D (TRDL:
$011, TRDU: $012), and the timer D interrupt request flag (IFTD: $003, bit 0) and the input capture
status flag (ICSF: $021, bit 0) are set. Timer D is reset to $00, and then incremented again. While
ICSF is set, if a trigger input edge is applied to timer D, or if timer D generates an overflow, the input
capture error flag (ICEF: $021, bit 1) is set. ICSF and ICEF are reset to 0 by MCU reset or by writing
0.
By selecting the input capture operation, pin R1 2/TOD is set to R1 2 and timer D is reset to $00.
74
HD404829R Series
Timer D interrupt
request flag
(IFTD)
Edge detection
logic
Timer read register
DU (TRDU)
øPER
System
clock
Timer read
register DL
(TRDL)
4
÷8
÷ 32
÷ 128
Timer counter D
÷ 512
÷ 2048
3
(TCDL)
(TCDU)
4
4
Internal data bus
÷4
Free-running/reload control
Prescaler S (PSS)
÷2
Selector
EVND
Timer write register D
(TWDL)
(TWDU)
Timer mode
register D1
(TMD1)
2
Edge detection
control
Edge detection
selection register
2 (ESR2)
Timer mode
register D2
(TMD2)
Data bus
Clock line
Timer output
control logic
Signal line
3
TOD
Figure 61 Block Diagram of Timer D (Free-Running/Reload Timer)
75
HD404829R Series
Input capture
status flag
(ICSF)
Input capture
error flag
(ICEF)
Timer D interrupt
request flag
(IFTD)
Error control
logic
System
clock
Edge detection
logic
Read signal
øPER
Timer read register D
(TRDL)
4
÷8
÷32
÷128
Timer counter D
(TCDL)
(TCDU)
÷512
Edge
detection
control
Overflow
Input capture
timer control
÷2048
3
2
4
÷4
Selector
Prescaler S (PSS)
÷2
(TRDU)
Time mode
register D1
(TMD1)
Edge detection
selection register
2 (ESR2)
Timer mode
register D2
(TMD2)
Data bus
Clock line
Signal line
Figure 62 Block Diagram of Timer D (Input Capture Timer)
76
Internal data bus
EVND
HD404829R Series
Registers for Timer D Operation: By using the following registers, timer D operation modes are selected
and the timer D count is read and written.
Timer mode register D1 (TMD1: $010)
Timer mode register D2 (TMD2: $015)
Timer write register D (TWDL: $011, TWDU: $012)
Timer read register D (TRDL: $011, TRDU: $012)
Port mode register C (PMRC: $025)
Detection edge select register 2 (ESR2: $027)
• Timer mode register D1 (TMD1: $010): Four-bit write-only register that selects the free-running/reload
timer function, input clock source, and the prescaler division ratio as shown in figure 63. It is reset to
$0 by MCU reset.
Writing to this register is valid from the second instruction execution cycle after the execution of the
previous timer mode register D1 (TMD1: $010) write instruction. Setting timer D’s initialization by
writing to timer write register D (TWDL: $011, TWDU: $012) must be done after a mode change
becomes valid.
When selecting the input capture timer operation, select the internal clock as the input clock source.
Timer mode register D1 (TMD1: $010)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
TMD13
TMD12
TMD11
TMD10
Bit name
TMD13
Free-running/reload timer selection
0
Free-running timer
1
Reload timer
Input clock period and
input clock source
TMD12
TMD11
TMD10
0
0
0
2048tcyc
1
512tcyc
0
128tcyc
1
32tcyc
0
8tcyc
1
4tcyc
0
2tcyc
1
R20/EVND
(external event input)
1
1
0
1
Figure 63 Timer Mode Register D1 (TMD1)
77
HD404829R Series
• Timer mode register D2 (TMD2: $015): Four-bit read/write register that selects the timer D output
mode and input capture operation as shown in figure 64. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
• Timer write register D (TWDL: $011, TWDU: $012): Write-only register consisting of the lower digit
(TWDL) and the upper digit (TWDU). The operation of timer write register D is basically the same as
that of timer write register B (TWBL: $00A, TWBU: $00B).
• Timer read register D (TRDL: $011, TRDU: $012): Read-only register consisting of the lower digit
(TRDL) and the upper digit (TRDU). The operation of timer read register D is basically the same as
that of timer read register B (TRBL: $00A, TRBU: $00B).
When the input capture timer operation is selected and if the count of timer D is read after a trigger is
input, either the lower or upper digit can be read first.
• Port mode register C (PMRC: $025): Write-only register that selects R20/EVND pin function as shown
in figure 53. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
• Detection edge select register 2 (ESR2: $027): Write-only register that selects the detection edge of
signals input to pin EVND as shown in figure 69. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
Timer mode register D2 (TMD2: $015)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
TMD23
TMD22
TMD21
TMD20
TMD23
TMD22
TMD21
TMD20
0
0
0
0
R12
R12 port
1
TOD
Toggle output
0
TOD
0 output
1
TOD
1 output
0
—
Not used
1
TOD
PWM output
✕
R12
Input capture (R12 port)
Bit name
1
1
0
R12/TOD mode selection
1
1
1
✕
✕
0
✕ : Don’t care
Figure 64 Timer Mode Register D2 (TMD2)
78
HD404829R Series
Timer write register D (lower digit) (TWDL: $011)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
TWDL3
TWDL2
TWDL1
TWDL0
Bit name
Figure 65 Timer Write Register D Lower Digit (TWDL)
Timer write register D (upper digit) (TWDU: $012)
Bit
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
3
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
W
W
W
W
TWDU3
TWDU2
TWDU1
TWDU0
Figure 66 Timer Write Register D Upper Digit (TWDU)
Timer read register D (lower digit) (TRDL: $011)
Bit
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
3
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
R
R
R
R
TRDL3
TRDL2
TRDL1
TRDL0
Figure 67 Timer Read Register D Lower Digit (TRDL)
Timer read register D (upper digit) (TRDU: $012)
Bit
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
3
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
R
R
R
R
TRDU3
TRDU2
TRDU1
TRDU0
Figure 68 Timer Read Register D Upper Digit (TRDU)
79
HD404829R Series
Detection edge register 2 (ESR2: $027)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
Bit name
W
W
W
W
ESR23
ESR22
ESR21
ESR20
EVND detection edge
ESR23
ESR22
0
0
No detection
1
Falling-edge detection
0
Rising-edge detection
1
Double-edge detection*
1
INT4 detection edge
ESR21
ESR20
0
0
No detection
1
Falling-edge detection
0
Rising-edge detection
1
Double-edge detection*
1
Note: * Both falling and rising edges are detected.
Figure 69 Detection Edge Select Register 2 (ESR2)
80
HD404829R Series
Note on Use
When using the timer output as PWM output, note the following point. From the update of the timer write
register untill the occurrence of the overflow interrupt, the PWM output differs from the period and duty
settings, as shown in table 21. The PWM output should therefore not be used until after the overflow
interrupt following the update of the timer write register. After the overflow, the PWM output will have the
set period and duty cycle.
Table 21 PWM Output Following Update of Timer Write Register
PWM Output
Mode
Timer Write Register is Updated
during High PWM Output
Free
running
Timer write
register
rewrite
(set value
is N)
Timer Write Register is Updated
during Low PWM Output
Timer write
register
rewrite
(set value
is N)
Interrupt
request
generated
T × (255 – N) T × (N + 1)
Interrupt
request
generated
T × (N' + 1)
T × (255 – N)
Timer write
register
rewrite
(set value
is N)
Reload
T
Interrupt
request
generated
T × (255 – N)
T
Timer write
register
rewrite
(set value
is N)
T × (N + 1)
Interrupt
request
generated
T
T × (255 – N)
T
81
HD404829R Series
Serial Interface
The serial interface serially transfers and receives 8-bit data, and includes the following features.
• Multiple transmit clock sources
 External clock
 Internal prescaler output clock
 System clock
• Output level control in idle states
Five registers, an octal counter, and a multiplexer are also configured for the serial interface as follows.
Serial data register (SRL: $006, SRU: $007)
Serial mode register A (SMRA: $005)
Serial mode register B (SMRB: $028)
Miscellaneous register (MIS: $00C)
Octal counter (OC)
Selector
The block diagram of the serial interface is shown in figure 70.
82
HD404829R Series
Octal
counter (OC)
Idle controll
logic
SCK
I/O controll
logic
Serial data
register (SRL/U)
Clock
SI
øPER
÷2
÷8
÷32
÷128
÷512
÷2048
1/2
Selector
Prescaler S (PSS)
1/2
Transfer
control
Selector
System
clock
Internal data bus
SO
Serial interrupt
request flag
(IFS)
Serial mode
register A
(SMRA)
Serial mode
register B
(SMRB)
Data bus
Clock line
Signal line
Figure 70 Block Diagram of Serial Interface
Serial Interface Operation
Selecting and Changing the Operating Mode: table 22 lists the serial interface’s operating modes. To
select an operating mode, use one of these combinations of port mode register A (PMRA: $004) and serial
mode register A (SMRA: $005) settings; to change the operating mode, always initialize the serial interface
internally by writing data to serial mode register A. Note that the serial interface is initialized by writing
data to serial mode register A. Refer to the following Serial Mode Register A section for details.
Pin Setting: The R21/SCK pin is controlled by writing data to serial mode register A (SMRA: $005). The
R2 2/SI and R23/SO pins are controlled by writing data to port mode register A (PMRA: $004). Refer to the
following Registers for Serial Interface section for details.
Transmit Clock Source Setting: The transmit clock source is set by writing data to serial mode register A
(SMRA: $005) and serial mode register B (SMRB: $028). Refer to the following Registers for Serial
Interface section for details.
Data Setting: Transmit data is set by writing data to the serial data register (SRL: $006, SRU: $007).
Receive data is obtained by reading the contents of the serial data register. The serial data is shifted by the
transmit clock and is input from or output to an external system.
The output level of the SO pin is invalid until the first data is output after MCU reset, or until the output
level control in idle states is performed.
83
HD404829R Series
Table 22 Serial Interface Operating Modes
SMRA
PMRA
Bit 3
Bit 1
Bit 0
Operating Mode
1
0
0
Continuous clock output mode
1
Transmit mode
0
Receive mode
1
Transmit/receive mode
1
Transfer Control: The serial interface is activated by the STS instruction. The octal counter is reset to
000 by this instruction, and it increments at the rising edge of the transmit clock. When the eighth transmit
clock signal is input or when serial transmission/receive is discontinued, the octal counter is reset to 000,
the serial interrupt request flag (IFS: $023, bit 2) is set, and the transfer stops.
When the prescaler output is selected as the transmit clock, the transmit clock frequency is selected as 4tcyc
to 8192tcyc by setting bits 2 to 0 (SMRA2– SMRA0) of serial mode register A (SMRA: $005) and bit 0
(SMRB0) of serial mode register B (SMRB: $028) as listed in table 23.
Table 23 Serial Transmit Clock (Prescaler Output)
SMRB
SMRA
Bit 0
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Prescaler Division Ratio
Transmit Clock Frequency
0
0
0
0
÷ 2048
4096t cyc
1
÷ 512
1024t cyc
0
÷ 128
256t cyc
1
÷ 32
64t cyc
0
÷8
16t cyc
1
÷2
4t cyc
0
÷ 4096
8192t cyc
1
÷ 1024
2048t cyc
0
÷ 256
512t cyc
1
÷ 64
128t cyc
0
÷ 16
32t cyc
1
÷4
8t cyc
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
Operating States: The serial interface has the following operating states; transitions between them are
shown in figure 71.
STS wait state
Transmit clock wait state
Transfer state
Continuous clock output state (only in internal clock mode)
84
HD404829R Series
• STS wait state: The serial interface enters STS wait state by MCU reset (00, 10 in figure 71). In STS
wait state, the serial interface is initialized and the transmit clock is ignored. If the STS instruction is
then executed (01, 11), the serial interface enters transmit clock wait state.
• Transmit clock wait state: Transmit clock wait state is between the STS execution and the falling edge
of the first transmit clock. In transmit clock wait state, input of the transmit clock (02, 12) increments
the octal counter, shifts the serial data register, and enters the serial interface in transfer state. However,
note that if continuous clock output mode is selected in internal clock mode, the serial interface does not
enter transfer state but enters continuous clock output state (17).
The serial interface enters STS wait state by writing data to serial mode register A (SMRA: $005) (04,
14) in transmit clock wait state.
• Transfer state: Transfer state is between the falling edge of the first clock and the rising edge of the
eighth clock. In transfer state, the input of eight clocks or the execution of the STS instruction sets the
octal counter to 000, and the serial interface enters another state. When the STS instruction is executed
(05, 15), transmit clock wait state is entered. When eight clocks are input, transmit clock wait state is
entered (03) in external clock mode, and STS wait state is entered (13) in internal clock mode. In
internal clock mode, the transmit clock stops after outputting eight clocks.
In transfer state, writing data to serial mode register A (SMRA: $005) (06, 16) initializes the serial
interface, and STS wait state is entered.
If the state changes from transfer to another state, the serial interrupt request flag (IFS: $023, bit 2) is set
by the octal counter that is reset to 000.
• Continuous clock output state (only in internal clock mode): Continuous clock output state is entered
only in internal clock mode. In this state, the serial interface does not transmit/
receive data but only outputs the transmit clock from the SCK pin.
When bits 1 and 0 (PMRA1, PMRA0) of port mode register A (PMRA: $004) are 00 in transmit clock
wait state and if the transmit clock is input (17), the serial interface enters continuous clock output state.
If serial mode register A (SMRA: $005) is written to in continuous clock output mode (18), STS wait
state is entered.
85
HD404829R Series
External clock mode
STS wait state
(Octal counter = 000,
transmit clock disabled)
SMRA write
00
MCU reset
06 SMRA write (IFS ← 1)
04
01
STS instruction
02 Transmit clock
Transmit clock wait state
(Octal counter = 000)
03
8 transmit clocks
Transfer state
(Octal counter = 000)
05
STS instruction (IFS ← 1)
Internal clock mode
SMRA write
18
Continuous clock output state
(PMRA 0, 1 = 00)
STS wait state
(Octal counter = 000,
transmit clock disabled)
10
13
SMRA write
14
11
STS instruction
MCU reset
8 transmit clocks
16 SMRA write (IFS ←1)
Transmit clock 17
12 Transmit clock
Transmit clock wait state
(Octal counter = 000)
Transfer state
(Octal counter = 000)
15
STS instruction (IFS ← 1)
Note: Refer to the Operating States section for the corresponding encircled numbers.
Figure 71 Serial Interface State Transitions
Output Level Control in Idle States: In idle states, that is, STS wait state and transmit clock wait state,
the output level of the SO pin can be controlled by setting bit 1 (SMRB1) of serial mode register B (SMRB:
$028) to 0 or 1. The output level control example is shown in figure 72. Note that the output level cannot
be controlled in transfer state.
86
,
HD404829R Series
Transmit clock
wait state
State
STS wait state
Transmit clock
wait state
Transfer state
STS wait state
MCU reset
Port selection
PMRA write
External clock selection
SMRA write
Output level control in
idle states
Dummy write for
state transition
Output level control in
idle states
SMRB write
Data write for transmission
SRL, SRU write
STS instruction
SCK pin (input)
SO pin
Undefined
idle
LSB
MSB
idle
IFS
External clock mode
Flag reset at transfer completion
Transmit clock
wait state
State
STS wait state
Transfer state
STS wait state
MCU reset
Port selection
PMRA write
Internal clock selection
SMRA write
Output level control in
idle states
SMRB write
Output level control in
idle states
Data write for transmission
SRL, SRU write
STS instruction
SCK pin (output)
SO pin
Undefined
idle
LSB
MSB
idle
IFS
Internal clock mode
Flag reset at transfer completion
Figure 72 Example of Serial Interface Operation Sequence
87
HD404829R Series
Transfer completion
(IFS ← 1)
Interrupts inhibited
IFS ← 0
SMRA write
Yes
IFS = 1?
Transmit clock
error processing
No
Normal
termination
Transmit clock error detection flowchart
Transmit clock wait state
Transmit clock
wait state
Transfer state
State
Transfer state
SCK pin (input)
Noise
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Transfer state has been
entered by the transmit clock
error. When SMRA is written,
IFS is set.
SMRA write
IFS
Flag set because octal
counter reaches 000
Transmit clock error detection procedure
Figure 73 Transmit Clock Error Detection
88
Flag reset at
transfer completion
HD404829R Series
Transmit Clock Error Detection (In External Clock Mode): The serial interface will malfunction if a
spurious pulse caused by external noise conflicts with a normal transmit clock during transfer. A transmit
clock error of this type can be detected as shown in figure 73.
If more than eight transmit clocks are input in transfer state, at the eighth clock including a spurious pulse
by noise, the octal counter reaches 000, the serial interrupt request flag (IFS: $023, bit 2) is set, and
transmit clock wait state is entered. At the falling edge of the next normal clock signal, the transfer state is
entered. After the transfer completion processing is performed and IFS is reset, writing to serial mode
register A (SMRA: $005) changes the state from transfer to STS wait. At this time IFS is set again, and
therefore the error can be detected.
Notes on Use:
• Initialization after writing to registers: If port mode register A (PMRA: $004) is written to in transmit
clock wait state or in transfer state, the serial interface must be initialized by writing to serial mode
register A (SMRA: $005) again.
• Serial interrupt request flag (IFS: $023, bit 2) set: If the state is changed from transfer to another by
writing to serial mode register A (SMRA: $005) or executing the STS instruction during the first low
pulse of the transmit clock, the serial interrupt request flag is not set. To set the serial interrupt request
flag, serial mode register A write or STS instruction execution must be programmed to be executed after
confirming that the SCK pin is at 1, that is, after executing the input instruction to port R2.
Registers for Serial Interface
The serial interface operation is selected, and serial data is read and written by the following registers.
Serial Mode Register A (SMRA: $005)
Serial Mode Register B (SMRB: $028)
Serial Data Register (SRL: $006, SRU: $007)
Port Mode Register A (PMRA: $004)
Miscellaneous Register (MIS: $00C)
Serial Mode Register A (SMRA: $005): This register has the following functions (figure 74).
•
•
•
•
R2 1/SCK pin function selection
Transfer clock selection
Prescaler division ratio selection
Serial interface initialization
Serial mode register A (SMRA: $005) is a 4-bit write-only register. It is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
A write signal input to serial mode register A (SMRA: $005) discontinues the input of the transmit clock to
the serial data register and octal counter, and the octal counter is reset to 000. Therefore, if a write is
performed during data transfer, the serial interrupt request flag (IFS: $023, bit 2) is set.
Written data is valid from the second instruction execution cycle after the write operation, so the STS
instruction must be executed at least two cycles after that.
89
HD404829R Series
Serial mode register A (SMRA: $005)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
Bit name
SMRA3
SMRA3
SMRA2 SMRA1 SMRA0
R21/SCK
mode selection
0
R21
1
SCK
SCK
Prescaler
Clock source division ratio
Output
Prescaler
Refer to
table 23
0
Output
System clock
—
1
Input
External clock
—
SMRA2 SMRA1 SMRA0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
Figure 74 Serial Mode Register A (SMRA)
Serial Mode Register B (SMRB: $028): This register has the following functions (figure 75).
• Prescaler division ratio selection
• Output level control in idle states
Serial mode register B is a 2-bit write-only register. It cannot be written during data transfer.
By setting bit 0 (SMRB0) of this register, the prescaler division ratio is selected. Only bit 0 (SMRB0) can
be reset to 0 by MCU reset. By setting bit 1 (SMRB1), the output level of the SO pin is controlled in idle
states. The output level changes at the same time that SMRB1 is written to.
90
HD404829R Series
Serial mode register B (SMRB: $028)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
—
—
Undefined
0
Read/Write
—
—
W
W
Bit name
SMRB1
Not used Not used SMRB1
Output level control in idle states
SMRB0
SMRB0
Transmit clock division ratio
0
Low level
0
Prescaler output divided by 2
1
High level
1
Prescaler output divided by 4
Figure 75 Serial Mode Register B (SMRB)
Serial Data Register (SRL: $006, SRU: $007): This register has the following functions (figures 76 and
77).
• Transmission data write and shift
• Receive data shift and read
Writing data in this register is output from the SO pin, LSB first, synchronously with the falling edge of the
transmit clock; data is input, LSB first, through the SI pin at the rising edge of the transmit clock.
Input/output timing is shown in figure 78.
Data cannot be read or written during serial data transfer. If a read/write occurs during transfer, the
accuracy of the resultant data cannot be guaranteed.
Serial data register (lower digit) (SRL: $006)
Bit
3
Initial value
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
Read/Write
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit name
SR3
SR2
SR1
SR0
Figure 76 Serial Data Register (SRL)
Serial data register (upper digit) (SRU: $007)
Bit
3
Initial value
2
1
0
Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
Read/Write
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit name
SR7
SR6
SR5
SR4
Figure 77 Serial Data Register (SRU)
91
HD404829R Series
Transmit clock
1
Serial output
data
2
3
4
5
6
LSB
7
8
MSB
Serial input data
latch timing
Figure 78 Serial Interface Output Timing
Port Mode Register A (PMRA: $004): This register has the following functions (figure 79).
• R2 2/SI pin function selection
• R2 3/SO pin function selection
Port mode register A (PMRA: $004) is a 2-bit write-only register, and is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
Port mode register A (PMRA: $004)
Bit
3
2
Initial value
—
—
0
0
Read/Write
—
—
W
W
Bit name
PMRA1
1
0
Not used Not used PMRA1 PMRA0
R22/SI mode selection
PMRA0
R23/SO mode selection
0
R22
0
R23
1
SI
1
SO
Figure 79 Port Mode Register A (PMRA)
92
HD404829R Series
Miscellaneous Register (MIS: $00C): This register has the following function (figure 80).
• R2 3/SO pin PMOS control
Miscellaneous register (MIS: $00C) is a 4-bit write-only register and is reset to $0 by MCU reset.
Miscellaneous register (MIS: $00C)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
MIS3
MIS2
MIS1
MIS0
Bit name
MIS3
Pull-up MOS on/off selection
0
Off
1
On
MIS2
On
1
Off
MIS0
0
0
tRC
0.12207 ms
0.24414 ms
R23/SO PMOS on/off selection
0
MIS1
1
1
7.8125 ms
0
31.25 ms
1
Not used
Figure 80 Miscellaneous Register (MIS)
A/D Converter
The MCU has a built-in A/D converter that uses a successive approximation method with a resistor ladder.
It can measure four analog inputs with 8-bit resolution. As shown in the block diagram of figure 81, the
A/D converter has a 4-bit A/D mode register, a 1-bit A/D start flag, and a 4-bit plus 4-bit A/D data register.
93
HD404829R Series
A/D interrupt request flag
(IFAD)
Encoder
Selector
AN0
AN1
AN2
AN3
+
COMP
–
A/D control
logic
A/D data register
(ADR)
Conversion time
control
Internal data bus
A/D mdoe register
(AMR)
2
A/D start flag
(ADSF)
Off in stop, watch,
and subactive
modes
AVCC
AVSS
Resistance ladder
Data bus
Signal line
Figure 81 Block Diagram of A/D Converter
A/D Mode Register (AMR: $016): Four-bit write-only register which selects the A/D conversion period
and indicates analog input pin information. Bit 0 of the A/D mode register selects the A/D conversion
period, and bits 3 and 2 select a channel, as shown in figure 82.
94
HD404829R Series
A/D mode register (AMR: $016)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
—
0
Read/Write
W
W
—
W
Bit name
AMR3
AMR2 Not used
Analog input selection
AMR0
AMR3
AMR2
0
0
AN0
0
34tcyc
0
1
AN1
1
67tcyc
1
0
AN2
1
1
AN3
AMR0
Conversion time
Figure 82 A/D Mode Register (AMR)
A/D Data Register (ADRL: $017, ADRU: $018): Eight-bit read-only register consisting of a 4-bit lower
digit and 4-bit upper digit. This register is not cleared by reset. After the completion of A/D conversion,
the resultant eight-bit data is held in this register until the start of the next conversion (figures 83, 84, and
85).
ADRU: $018
3
2
1
ADRL: $017
0
3
2
1
0
MSB
LSB
Bit 7
Bit 0
Figure 83 A/D Data Registers (ADRU, ADRL)
95
HD404829R Series
A/D data register (lower digit) (ADRL: $017)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
R
R
R
R
ADRL3
ADRL2
ADRL1
ADRL0
Bit name
Figure 84 A/D Data Register Lower Digit (ADRL)
A/D data register (upper digit) (ADRU: $018)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
1
0
0
0
Read/Write
R
R
R
R
ADRU3
ADRU2
Bit name
ADRU1 ADRU0
Figure 85 A/D Data Register Upper Digit (ADRU)
A/D Start Flag (ADSF: $020, Bit 2): One-bit flag that initiates A/D conversion when set to 1. At the
completion of A/D conversion, the converted data is stored in the A/D data register and the A/D start flag is
cleared. Refer to figure 86.
A/D start flag (ADSF: $020, bit 2)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
Bit name
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
DTON
ADSF
WDON
LSON
DTON
WDON
Refer to the description of operating
modes
Refer to the description of timers
LSON
ADSF (A/D start flag)
1
A/D conversion started
0
A/D conversion completed
Refer to the description of operating
modes
Figure 86 A/D Start Flag (ADSF)
96
HD404829R Series
Note on Use: Use the SEM and SEMD instructions to write data to the A/D start flag (ADSF: $020, bit 2),
but make sure that the A/D start flag is not written to during A/D conversion. Data read from the A/D data
register (ADRL: $017, ADRU: $018) during A/D conversion cannot be guaranteed.
The A/D converter does not operate in the stop, watch, and subactive modes because of the OSC clock.
During these low-power dissipation modes, current through the resistor ladder is cut off to decrease the
power input.
97
HD404829R Series
LCD Controller/Driver
The MCU has an LCD controller and driver which drive 4 common signal pins and 52 segment pins. The
controller consists of a RAM area in which display data is stored, a display control register (LCR: $01B),
and a duty-cycle/clock-control register (LMR: $01C) (figure 87).
Four duty cycles and the LCD clock are programmable, and a built-in dual-port RAM ensures that display
data can be automatically transmitted to the segment signal pins without program intervention. If a 32-kHz
oscillation clock is selected as the LCD clock source, the LCD can even be used in watch mode, in which
the system clock stops.
VCC
Internal LCD power supply switch
COM2
COM3
V2
Common
signal
output
circuit
V3
LCD control
register
(LCR)
GND
COM4
4
LCD output
register 1
(LOR1)
4
LCD output
register 2
(LOR2)
3
LCD output
register 3
(LOR3)
Pin control
Display
control
SEG1
2
SEG4
Display data
52
SEG5
SEG8
Internal data bus
COM1
LCD power supply
control circuit
V1
Segment
signal
output
circuit
2
Dual-port
display RAM
(52 digits)
Duty
selection
Clock
SEG9
SEG20
Selector
2
CL3
CL2
CL1
SEG52
CL0
SEG21
LCD mode
register
(LMR)
Data bus
Clock line
Note:
Pin function switching circuit
Figure 87 LCD Controller/Driver Block Diagram
98
Signal line
HD404829R Series
LCD Data Area and Segment Data ($050–$083): As shown in figure 88, each bit of the storage area
corresponds to one of four duty cycles. If data is written to an area corresponding to a certain duty cycle, it
is automatically output to the corresponding segments as display data.
RAM
address
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
RAM
address
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
$050
SEG1
SEG1
SEG1
SEG1
$06A
SEG27
SEG27
SEG27
SEG27
$051
SEG2
SEG2
SEG2
SEG2
$06B
SEG28
SEG28
SEG28
SEG28
$052
SEG3
SEG3
SEG3
SEG3
$06C
SEG29
SEG29
SEG29
SEG29
$053
SEG4
SEG4
SEG4
SEG4
$06D
SEG30
SEG30
SEG30
SEG30
$054
SEG5
SEG5
SEG5
SEG5
$06E
SEG31
SEG31
SEG31
SEG31
$055
SEG6
SEG6
SEG6
SEG6
$06F
SEG32
SEG32
SEG32
SEG32
$056
SEG7
SEG7
SEG7
SEG7
$070
SEG33
SEG33
SEG33
SEG33
$057
SEG8
SEG8
SEG8
SEG8
$071
SEG34
SEG34
SEG34
SEG34
$058
SEG9
SEG9
SEG9
SEG9
$072
SEG35
SEG35
SEG35
SEG35
$059
SEG10
SEG10
SEG10
SEG10
$073
SEG36
SEG36
SEG36
SEG36
$05A
SEG11
SEG11
SEG11
SEG11
$074
SEG37
SEG37
SEG37
SEG37
$05B
SEG12
SEG12
SEG12
SEG12
$075
SEG38
SEG38
SEG38
SEG38
$05C
SEG13
SEG13
SEG13
SEG13
$076
SEG39
SEG39
SEG39
SEG39
$05D
SEG14
SEG14
SEG14
SEG14
$077
SEG40
SEG40
SEG40
SEG40
$05E
SEG15
SEG15
SEG15
SEG15
$078
SEG41
SEG41
SEG41
SEG41
$05F
SEG16
SEG16
SEG16
SEG16
$079
SEG42
SEG42
SEG42
SEG42
$060
SEG17
SEG17
SEG17
SEG17
$07A
SEG43
SEG43
SEG43
SEG43
$061
SEG18
SEG18
SEG18
SEG18
$07B
SEG44
SEG44
SEG44
SEG44
$062
SEG19
SEG19
SEG19
SEG19
$07C
SEG45
SEG45
SEG45
SEG45
$063
SEG20
SEG20
SEG20
SEG20
$07D
SEG46
SEG46
SEG46
SEG46
$064
SEG21
SEG21
SEG21
SEG21
$07E
SEG47
SEG47
SEG47
SEG47
$065
SEG22
SEG22
SEG22
SEG22
$07F
SEG48
SEG48
SEG48
SEG48
$066
SEG23
SEG23
SEG23
SEG23
$080
SEG49
SEG49
SEG49
SEG49
$067
SEG24
SEG24
SEG24
SEG24
$081
SEG50
SEG50
SEG50
SEG50
$068
SEG25
SEG25
SEG25
SEG25
$082
SEG51
SEG51
SEG51
SEG51
$069
SEG26
SEG26
SEG26
SEG26
$083
SEG52
SEG52
SEG52
SEG52
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
Figure 88 Configuration of LCD RAM Area (for Dual-Port RAM)
99
HD404829R Series
LCD Control Register (LCR: $01B): Three-bit write-only register which controls LCD blanking, on/off
switching of the liquid-crystal display’s power supply division resistor, and display in watch and subactive
modes, as shown in figure 89.
• Blank/display
Blank: Segment signals are turned off, regardless of LCD RAM data setting.
Display: LCD RAM data is output as segment signals.
• Power switch on/off
Off: The power switch is off.
On: The power switch is on and V1 is VCC.
• Watch/subactive mode display
Off: In watch and subactive modes, all common and segment pins are grounded and the liquid-crystal
power switch is turned off.
On: In watch and subactive modes, LCD RAM data is output as segment signals.
LCD display control register (LCR: $01B)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
—
0
0
0
Read/Write
—
W
W
W
Not used
LCR2
LCR1
LCR0
Bit name
LCR2
Display on/off selection in
watch and subactive modes
0
Off
1
On
LCR1
Power switch on/off
0
Off
1
On
LCR0
Blank/display
0
Blank
1
Display
Figure 89 LCD Control Register (LCR)
100
HD404829R Series
LCD Duty-Cycle/Clock Control Register (LMR: $01C): Four-bit write-only register which selects the
display duty cycle and LCD clock source, as shown in figure 90. The dependence of frame
frequency on duty cycle is listed in table 24.
LCD duty cycle/clock control register (LMR: $01C)
Bit
3
2
0
1
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
LMR3
LMR2
LMR1
LMR0
Bit name
LMR3
LMR2
0
0
0
Input clock source selection
Duty cycle selection
LMR1
LMR0
CL0 (32.768-kHz × duty/64: when
32.768-kHz oscillation is used)
0
0
1/4 duty
0
1
1/3 duty
1
CL1 (fOSC × duty cycle/1024)
1
0
1/2 duty
1
0
CL2 (fOSC × duty cycle/8192)
1
1
Static
1
1
CL3 (refer to table 24)
Figure 90 LCD Duty-Cycle/Clock Control Register (LMR)
101
HD404829R Series
Table 24 LCD Frame Frequencies for Different Duty Cycles
Frame Frequencies
fOSC =
400 kHz
fOSC =
800 kHZ
fOSC =
2 MHz
fOSC =
4 MHz
Duty Cycle
LMR3
LMR2
Static
0
0
CL0
1
CL1
390.6 Hz
781.3 Hz
1953 Hz
3906 Hz
0
CL2
48.8 Hz
97.7 Hz
244.1 Hz
488.3 Hz
1
CL3*
24.4 Hz
48.8 Hz
122.1 Hz
244.1 Hz
1
512 Hz
64 Hz
1/2
0
1
0
CL0
256 Hz
1
CL1
195.3 Hz
390.6 Hz
976.6 Hz
1953 Hz
0
CL2
24.4 Hz
48.8 Hz
122.1 Hz
244.1 Hz
1
CL3*
12.2 Hz
24.4 Hz
61 Hz
122.1 Hz
32 Hz
1/3
0
1
0
CL0
170.7 Hz
1
CL1
130.2 Hz
260.4 Hz
651 Hz
1302 Hz
0
CL2
16.3 Hz
32.6 Hz
81.4 Hz
162.8 Hz
1
CL3*
8.1 Hz
16.3 Hz
40.7 Hz
81.4 Hz
21.3 Hz
1/4
0
1
0
CL0
128 Hz
1
CL1
97.7 Hz
195.3 Hz
488.3 Hz
976.6 Hz
0
CL2
12.2 Hz
24.4 Hz
61 Hz
122.1 Hz
1
CL3*
6.1 Hz
12.2 Hz
30.5 Hz
61 Hz
16 Hz
Note: * The division ratio depends on the value of bit 3 of timer mode register A (TMA).
Upper value: When TMA3 = 0, CL3 = f OSC × duty cycle/16384.
Lower value: When TMA3 = 1, CL3 = 32.768 kHz × duty cycle/512.
102
HD404829R Series
LCD Output Register 1 (LOR1: $01D): Write-only register used to specify ports R30–R33 as pins
SEG1–SEG4 by individual pins (figure 91).
LCD output register 1 (LOR1: $01D)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
W
W
W
W
LOR13
LOR12
LOR11
LOR10
Bit name
LOR13
R33/SEG4 mode selection
LOR11
R31/SEG2 mode selection
0
R33
0
R31
1
SEG4
1
SEG2
LOR12
R32/SEG3 mode selection
LOR10
R30/SEG1 mode selection
0
R32
0
R30
1
SEG3
1
SEG1
Figure 91 LCD Output Register 1 (LOR1)
LCD Output Register 2 (LOR2: $01E): Write-only register used to specify ports R40–R43 as pins
SEG5–SEG8 by individual pins (figure 92).
LCD output register 2 (LOR2: $01E)
Bit
3
2
1
0
Initial value
0
0
0
0
Read/Write
Bit name
LOR23
W
W
W
W
LOR23
LOR22
LOR21
LOR20
R43/SEG8 mode selection
LOR21
R41/SEG6 mode selection
0
R43
0
R41
1
SEG8
1
SEG6
LOR22
R42/SEG7 mode selection
LOR20
R40/SEG5 mode selection
0
R42
0
R40
1
SEG7
1
SEG5
Figure 92 LCD Output Register 2 (LOR2)
103
HD404829R Series
LCD Output Register 3 (LOR3: $01F): Write-only register used to specify ports R5 0–R7 3 as pins SEG9–
SEG20 in 4-pin units (figure 93).
LCD output register 3 (LOR3: $01F)
Bit
3
Initial value
Read/Write
Bit name
LOR32
2
1
—
0
0
0
—
W
W
W
LOR31
LOR30
Not used LOR32
0
R70/SEG17–R73/SEG20 mode selection
LOR30
R50/SEG9–R53/SEG12 mode selection
0
R70–R73
0
R50–R53
1
SEG17–SEG20
1
SEG9–SEG12
LOR31
R60/SEG13–R63/SEG16 mode selection
0
R60–R63
1
SEG13–SEG16
Figure 93 LCD Output Register 3 (LOR3)
Large Liquid-Crystal Panel Drive and V LCD: To drive a large-capacity LCD, decrease the resistance of
the built-in division resistors by attaching external resistors in parallel, as shown in figure 94.
The size of these resistors cannot be simply calculated from the LCD load capacitance because the matrix
configuration of the LCD complicates the paths of charge/discharge currents flowing through the
capacitors—the resistance will also vary with lighting conditions. This size must be determined by trialand-error, taking into account the power dissipation of the device using the LCD, but a resistance of 1 to 10
kΩ would usually be suitable. (Another effective method is to attach capacitors of 0.1 to 0.3 µF.)
Always turn off the power switch (set bit 1 of the LCR to 0) before changing the liquid-crystal drive
voltage (VLCD).
104
HD404829R Series
VCC (V 1 )
VCC (V 1 )
R
R
C
V2
V2
R
R
V3
V3
C
C
R
R
GND
GND
VCC
VCC
VLCD
COM1
1
.
V1
SEG1
V2
to
V3
SEG52
GND
6-digit LCD
with sign
52
Static drive
VCC
VCC
VLCD
COM1
COM2
2
.
V1
SEG1
V2
to
V3
SEG52
GND
13-digit LCD
52
1/2 duty, 1/2 bias drive
VCC COM1
to
COM3
V
3
.
17-digit LCD
with sign
1
VCC
VLCD
V2
SEG1
to
V3
GND SEG52
52
1/3 duty, 1/3 bias drive
VCC
VLCD
VCC ≥ V LCD ≥ GND
VCC COM1
to
COM4
V1
V2
SEG1
to
V3
GND SEG52
4
.
26-digit LCD
52
1/4 duty, 1/3 bias drive
Figure 94 LCD Connection Examples
105
HD404829R Series
ZTATTM Microcomputer with Built-in Programmable ROM
Programming of Built-in programmable ROM
The MCU can stop its function as an MCU in PROM mode for programming the built-in PROM.
PROM mode is set up by setting the TEST, M0, and M1 terminals to “Low” level and the RESET terminal
to “High” level.
Writing and reading specifications of the PROM are the same as those for the commercial EPROM27256.
Using a socket adapter for specific use of each product, programming is possible with a general-purpose
PROM writer.
Since an instruction of the HMCS400 series is 10 bits long, a conversion circuit is incorporated to adapt the
general-purpose PROM writer. This circuit splits each instruction into five lower bits and five higher bits
to write from or read to two addresses. This enables use of a general-purpose PROM. For instance, to
write to a 16kword of built-in PROM with a general-purpose PROM writer, specify 32kbyte address
($0000-$7FFF). An example of PROM memory map is shown in figure 95.
Notes:
1. When programming with a PROM writer, set up each ROM size to the address given in table b. If it is
programmed erroneously to an address given in table 27 or later, check of writing of PROM may
become impossible. Particularly, caution should be exercised in the case of a plastic package since
reprogramming is impossible with it. Set the data in unused addresses to $FF.
2. If the indexes of the PROM writer socket, socket adapter and product are not aligned precisely, the
product may break down due to overcurrent. Be sure to check that they are properly set to the writer
before starting the writing process.
3. Two levels of program voltages (VPP) are available for the PROM: 12.5V and 21V. Our product
employs a V PP of 12.5V. If a voltage of 21V is applied, permanent breakdown of the product will
result. The VPP of 12.5V is obtained for the PROM writer by setting it according to the Intel 27258
specifications.
106
HD404829R Series
Writing/verification
Programming of the built-in program ROM employs a high speed programming method. With this method,
high speed writing is effected without voltage stress to the device or without damaging the reliability of the
written data.
A basic programming flow chart is shown in figure 96 and a timing chart in figure 97.
For precautions for PROM writing procedure, refer to Section 2, "Characteristics of ZTATT M
Microcomputer's Built-in Programmable ROM and precautions for its Applications."
Table 25 Selection of Mode
Mode
CE
OE
VPP
O0 – O 7
Writing
“Low”
“High”
VPP
Data input
Verification
“High”
“Low”
VPP
Data output
Prohibition of programming
“High”
“High”
VPP
High impedance
Table 26 PROM Writer Program Address
ROM size
Address
8k
$0000 – $3FFF
12k
$0000 – $5FFF
16k
$0000 – $7FFF
107
HD404829R Series
Programmable ROM (HD4074829)
The HD4074829 is a ZTAT TM microcomputer with built-in PROM that can be programmed in PROM
mode.
PROM Mode Pin Description
Pin No.
FP-100B
TFP-100B
FP-100A
MCU Mode
Pin
Name
I/O
PROM Mode
Pin
Name
I/O
MCU Mode
PROM Mode
FP-100B
TFP-100B
FP-100A
Pin
Name
I/O
Pin
Name
I/O
24
26
D10 /STOPC
I/O
A9
I
1
3
AV CC
2
4
AN0
I
25
27
D11 /INT0
I/O
VPP
3
5
AN1
I
26
28
R00/INT1
I/O
GND
4
6
AN2
I
27
29
R01/INT2
I/O
GND
5
7
AN3
I
28
30
R02/INT3
I/O
6
8
AV SS
GND
29
31
R03/INT4
I/O
7
9
TEST
I
GND
30
32
R10/TOB
I/O
A5
I
8
10
OSC1
I
VCC
31
33
R11/TOC
I/O
A6
I
9
11
OSC2
O
32
34
R12/TOD
I/O
A7
I
10
12
RESET
I
VCC
33
35
R13/EVNB
I/O
A8
I
11
13
X1
I
GND
34
36
R20/EVND
I/O
A0
I
12
14
X2
O
35
37
R21/SCK
I/O
A10
I
13
15
GND
36
38
R22/SI
I/O
A11
I
14
16
D0
I/O
CE
I
37
39
R23/SO
I/O
A12
I
15
17
D1
I/O
OE
I
38
40
R30/SEG1
I/O
A13
I
16
18
D2
I/O
VCC
39
41
R31/SEG2
I/O
A14
I
17
19
D3
I/O
VCC
40
42
R32/SEG3
I/O
O0
I/O
18
20
D4
I/O
41
43
R33/SEG4
I/O
O1
I/O
19
21
D5
I/O
42
44
R40/SEG5
I/O
O2
I/O
20
22
D6
I/O
43
45
R41/SEG6
I/O
O3
I/O
21
23
D7
I/O
44
46
R42/SEG7
I/O
O4
I/O
22
24
D8
I/O
45
47
R43/SEG8
I/O
O5
I/O
23
25
D9
I/O
46
48
R50/SEG9
I/O
O6
I/O
Notes on next page.
108
VCC
Pin No.
GND
HD404829R Series
Pin No.
MCU Mode
PROM Mode
FP-100B
TFP-100B FP-100A
Pin
Name
47
49
R51/SEG10 I/O
O7
48
50
R52/SEG11 I/O
49
51
50
MCU Mode
FP-100B
TFP-100B
FP-100A
Pin
Name
I/O
I/O
74
76
SEG37
O
O4
I/O
75
77
SEG38
O
R53/SEG12 I/O
O3
I/O
76
78
SEG39
O
52
R60/SEG13 I/O
O2
I/O
77
79
SEG40
O
51
53
R61/SEG14 I/O
O1
I/O
78
80
SEG41
O
52
54
R62/SEG15 I/O
O0
I/O
79
81
SEG42
O
53
55
R63/SEG16 I/O
VCC
80
82
SEG43
O
54
56
R70/SEG17 I/O
A1
I
81
83
SEG44
O
55
57
R71/SEG18 I/O
A2
I
82
84
SEG45
O
56
58
R72/SEG19 I/O
A3
I
83
85
SEG46
O
57
59
R73/SEG20 I/O
A4
I
84
86
SEG47
O
58
60
SEG21
O
85
87
SEG48
O
59
61
SEG22
O
86
88
SEG49
O
60
62
SEG23
O
87
89
SEG50
O
61
63
SEG24
O
88
90
SEG51
O
62
64
SEG25
O
89
91
SEG52
O
63
65
SEG26
O
90
92
COM1
O
64
66
SEG27
O
91
93
COM2
O
65
67
SEG28
O
92
94
COM3
O
66
68
SEG29
O
93
95
COM4
O
67
69
SEG30
O
94
96
V1
68
70
SEG31
O
95
97
V2
69
71
SEG32
O
96
98
V3
70
72
SEG33
O
97
99
VCC
71
73
SEG34
O
98
100
NUMO
Note3
72
74
SEG35
O
99
1
NUMO
Note3
73
75
SEG36
O
100
2
NUMG
Note3
I/O
Pin
Name
Pin No.
I/O
PROM Mode
Pin
Name
I/O
VCC
Notes: 1. I/O: Input/output pin, I: Input pin, O: Output pin
2. Each of O0–O4 has two pins; before using, each pair must be connected together.
3. NUMG and NUMO are not pins for user applications. Connect NUMG to the same potential as
GND. Leave NUMO open.
109
HD404829R Series
PROM Mode Pin Functions
VPP: Applies the programming voltage (12.5 V ± 0.3 V) to the built-in PROM.
CE: Inputs a control signal to enable PROM programming and verification.
OE : Inputs a data output control signal for verification.
A0–A14: Act as address input pins of the built-in PROM.
O0–O7: Act as data bus input pins of the built-in PROM. Each of O0–O4 has two pins; before using these
pins, connect each pair together.
M 0 , M1, RESET, TEST: Used to set PROM mode. The MCU is set to the PROM mode by pulling M0,
M1, and TEST low, and RESET high.
Other Pins (FP-100B/FP-100A): Connect pins 1/3 (AVCC), 8/10 (OSC1), 16/18 (D2), 17/19 (D3), 53/55
(R63/SEG16), and 97/99 (V CC ) to VCC, and pins 6/8 (AVSS) and 11/13 (X1) to GND. Leave other pins
open.
$0000
$0001
.
.
.
$001F
$0020
.
.
.
$007F
$0080
.
.
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5
Lower 5 bits
Upper 5 bits
$0000
Vector address
$000F
$0010
Zero-page subroutine
(64 words)
$003F
$0040
Pattern
(4,096 words)
$0FFF
$1000
$1FFF
$2000
Program
(16,384 words)
JMPL instruction
(jump to RESET, STOPC routine)
JMPL instruction
(jump to INT 0 routine)
JMPL instruction
(jump to INT 1 routine)
JMPL instruction
(jump to timer A routine)
JMPL instruction
(jump to timer B, INT2 routine)
JMPL instruction
(jump to timer C, INT3 routine)
JMPL instruction
(jump to timer D, INT4 routine)
JMPL instruction
(jump to A/D, serial routine)
$3FFF
$7FFF
Upper three bits are not to be used
(fill them with 111)
Figure 95 Memory Map in PROM Mode
110
$0000
$0001
$0002
$0003
$0004
$0005
$0006
$0007
$0008
$0009
$000A
$000B
$000C
$000D
$000E
$000F
HD404829R Series
Start
Set programming/verification modes
V PP = 12.5 ± 0.3 V, V CC = 6.0 ± 0.25 V
Address = 0
n=0
n + 1→ n
Yes
No
Program t PW =1 ms ± 5%
n < 25?
No
Address + 1 → Address
Verification OK?
Yes
Program t OPW = 3n ms
Last address?
No
Yes
VCC
Set read mode
= 5.0 ± 0.5 V, V PP = V CC ± 0.6 V
No
All addresses
read?
Yes
Fail
End
Figure 96 Flowchart of High-Speed Programming
111
HD404829R Series
Programming Electrical Characteristics
DC Characteristics (VCC = 6.0 V ± 0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ± 0.3 V, T a = 25°C ± 5°C, unless otherwise
specified)
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Input high
voltage level
VIH
O0–O7, A0–A14,
OE, CE
2.2
—
VCC + 0.3
V
Input low
voltage level
VIL
O0–O7, A0–A14,
OE, CE
–0.3
—
0.8
V
Output high
voltage level
VOH
O0–O7
2.4
—
—
V
I OH = –200 µA
Output low
voltage level
VOL
O0–O7
—
—
0.4
V
I OL = 1.6 mA
Input leakage
current
I IL
O0–O7, A0–A14,
OE, CE
—
—
2
µA
Vin = 5.25 V/0.5 V
VCC current
I CC
—
—
30
mA
VPP current
I PP
—
—
40
mA
AC Characteristics (VCC = 6.0 V ± 0.25 V, V PP = 12.5 V ± 0.3 V, Ta = 25°C ± 5°C, unless otherwise
specified)
Item
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Address setup time
t AS
2
—
—
µs
See figure 97
OE setup time
t OES
2
—
—
µs
Data setup time
t DS
2
—
—
µs
Address hold time
t AH
0
—
—
µs
Data hold time
t DH
2
—
—
µs
Data output disable time
t DF
—
—
130
ns
VPP setup time
t VPS
2
—
—
µs
Program pulse width
t PW
0.95
1.0
1.05
ms
CE pulse width during
overprogramming
t OPW
2.85
—
78.75
ms
VCC setup time
t VCS
2
—
—
µs
Data output delay time
t OE
0
—
500
ns
112
HD404829R Series
Input pulse level: 0.8 V to 2.2 V
Input rise/fall time: ≤ 20 ns
Input timing reference levels: 1.0 V, 2.0 V
Output timing reference levels: 0.8 V, 2.0 V
Programming
Verification
Address
t AH
t AS
Data
Data in Stable
t DS
V PP
V CC
V PP
GND
V CC
GND
Data out Valid
t DH
t DF
t VPS
t VCS
CE
t PW
OE
t OES
t OE
t OPW
Figure 97 PROM Programming/Verification Timing
113
HD404829R Series
Notes on PROM Programming
Principles of Programming/Erasure: A memory cell in a ZTAT™ microcomputer is the same as an
EPROM cell; it is programmed by applying a high voltage between its control gate and drain to inject hot
electrons into its floating gate. These electrons are stable, surrounded by an energy barrier formed by an
SiO 2 film. The change in threshold voltage of a memory cell with a charged floating gate makes the
corresponding bit appear as 0; a cell whose floating gate is not charged appears as a 1 bit (figure 98).
The charge in a memory cell may decrease with time. This decrease is usually due to one of the following
causes:
• Ultraviolet light excites electrons, allowing them to escape. This effect is the basis of the erasure
principle.
• Heat excites trapped electrons, allowing them to escape.
• High voltages between the control gate and drain may erase electrons.
If the oxide film covering a floating gate is defective, the electron erasure rate will be greater. However,
electron erasure does not often occur because defective devices are detected and removed at the testing
stage.
Control gate
Control gate
SiO2
SiO2
Floating gate
Floating gate
Drain
Source
N+
N+
Write (0)
Drain
Source
N+
N+
Erasure (1)
Figure 98 Cross-Sections of a PROM Cell
PROM Programming: PROM memory cells must be programmed under specific voltage and timing
conditions. The higher the programming voltage VPP and the longer the programming pulse t PW is applied,
the more electrons are injected into the floating gates. However, if V PP exceeds specifications, the pn
junctions may be permanently damaged. Pay particular attention to overshooting in the PROM
programmer. In addition, note that negative voltage noise will produce a parasitic transistor effect that may
reduce breakdown voltages.
The ZTAT™ microcomputer is electrically connected to the PROM programmer by a socket adapter.
Therefore, note the following points:
• Check that the socket adapter is firmly mounted on the PROM programmer.
• Do not touch the socket adapter or the LSI
during the programming. Touching them may affect the quality of the contacts, which will cause
programming errors.
114
HD404829R Series
PROM Reliability after Programming: In general, semiconductor devices retain their reliability,
provided that some initial defects can be excluded. These initial defects can be detected and rejected by
screening. Baking devices under high-temperature conditions is one method of screening that can rapidly
eliminate data-hold defects in memory cells. (Refer to the previous Principles of Programming/Erasure
section.)
ZTAT™ microcomputer devices are extremely reliable because they have been subjected to such a
screening method during the wafer fabrication process, but Hitachi recommends that each device be
exposed to 150°C at one atmosphere for at least 48 hours after it is programmed, to ensure its best
performance. The recommended screening procedure is shown in figure 99.
Note: If programming errors occur continuously during PROM programming, suspend programming and
check for problems in the PROM programmer or socket adapter. If programming verification
indicates errors in programming or after high-temperature exposure, please inform Hitachi.
Programming, verification
Exposure to high temperature, without power
150°C ± 10°C, 48 h +8 h *
–0 h
Program read check
VCC = 4.5 V or 5.5 V
Note: * Exposure time is measured from when the temperature in the heater reaches 150°C.
Figure 99 Recommended Screening Procedure
115
HD404829R Series
Addressing Modes
RAM Addressing Modes
The MCU has three RAM addressing modes, as shown in figure 100 and described below.
Register Indirect Addressing Mode: The contents of the W, X, and Y registers (10 bits in total) are used
as a RAM address.
Direct Addressing Mode: A direct addressing
instruction consists of two words. The first word contains the opcode, and the contents of the second word
(10 bits) are used as a RAM address.
Memory Register Addressing Mode: The memory registers (MR), which are located in 16 addresses from
$040 to $04F, are accessed with the LAMR and XMRA instructions.
W register
W1 W0
RAM address
X register
X3
X2
X1
Y register
X0
Y3
Y2
Y1
Y0
AP9 AP8 AP7 AP6 AP5 AP4 AP3 AP2 AP1 AP0
Register Direct Addressing
2nd word of Instruction
1st word of Instruction
Opcode
d
RAM address
9
d8
d7
d6
d5
d4
d3
d2
d1
d0
AP9 AP8 AP7 AP6 AP5 AP4 AP3 AP2 AP1 AP0
Direct Addressing
Instruction
Opcode
0
RAM address
0
0
1
0
m1
m0
0
AP9 AP8 AP7 AP6 AP5 AP4 AP3 AP2 AP1 AP0
Memory Register Addressing
Figure 100 RAM Addressing Modes
116
m3 m2
HD404829R Series
ROM Addressing Modes and the P Instruction
The MCU has four ROM addressing modes, as shown in figure 101 and described below.
Direct Addressing Mode: A program can branch to any address in the ROM memory space by executing
the JMPL, BRL, or CALL instruction. Each of these instructions replaces the 14 program counter bits
(PC 13–PC0) with 14-bit immediate data.
Current Page Addressing Mode: The MCU has 64 pages of ROM with 256 words per page. A program
can branch to any address in the current page by executing the BR instruction. This instruction replaces the
eight low-order bits of the program counter (PC7–PC0) with eight-bit immediate data. If the BR instruction
is on a page boundary (address 256n + 255), executing that instruction transfers the PC contents to the next
physical page, as shown in figure 98. This means that the execution of the BR instruction on a page
boundary will make the program branch to the next page.
Note that the HMCS400-series cross macroassembler has an automatic paging feature for ROM pages.
Zero-Page Addressing Mode: A program can branch to the zero-page subroutine area located at $0000–
$003F by executing the CAL instruction. When the CAL instruction is executed, 6 bits of immediate data
are placed in the six low-order bits of the program counter (PC5–PC0), and 0s are placed in the eight highorder bits (PC13–PC6).
Table Data Addressing Mode: A program can branch to an address determined by the contents of four-bit
immediate data, the accumulator, and the B register by executing the TBR instruction.
P Instruction: ROM data addressed in table data addressing mode can be referenced with the P instruction
as shown in figure 102. If bit 8 of the ROM data is 1, eight bits of ROM data are written to the accumulator
and the B register. If bit 9 is 1, eight bits of ROM data are written to the R1 and R2 port output registers. If
both bits 8 and 9 are 1, ROM data is written to the accumulator and the B register, and also to the R1 and
R2 port output registers at the same time.
The P instruction has no effect on the program counter.
117
HD404829R Series
1st word of instruction
[JMPL]
[BRL]
[CALL]
Opcode
p3
Program counter
2nd word of instruction
p2
p1
p0
d9
d8
d7
d6
d5
d4
d3
d2
d1
d0
PC13 PC12 PC11 PC10 PC 9 PC 8 PC 7 PC 6 PC 5 PC 4 PC 3 PC 2 PC 1 PC 0
Direct Addressing
Instruction
[BR]
Program counter
Opcode
b6
b7
b5
b4
b3
b2
b1
b0
PC13 PC12 PC11 PC10 PC 9 PC 8 PC7 PC 6 PC 5 PC 4 PC 3 PC 2 PC 1 PC 0
Current Page Addressing
Instruction
[CAL]
0
Program counter
0
0
0
d5
Opcode
0
0
0
d4
d3
d2
d1
d0
0
PC13 PC12 PC11 PC10 PC 9 PC 8 PC 7 PC 6 PC 5 PC 4 PC 3 PC 2 PC 1 PC 0
Zero Page Addressing
Instruction
[TBR]
Opcode
p3
p2
p1
p0
B register
B3
0
Program counter
B0
A3
A2
A1
A0
0
PC13 PC12 PC11 PC10 PC 9 PC 8 PC 7 PC 6 PC 5 PC 4 PC 3 PC 2 PC 1 PC 0
Table Data Addressing
Figure 101 ROM Addressing Modes
118
B2 B1
Accumulator
HD404829R Series
Instruction
[P]
Opcode
p2
p3
p1
p0
B register
B3
0
B2 B1
Accumulator
B0
A3
A2
A1
A0
0
Referenced ROM address RA13 RA12 RA11 RA10 RA 9 RA 8 RA 7 RA 6 RA 5 RA 4 RA 3 RA 2 RA 1 RA 0
Address Designation
ROM data
RO9 RO8 RO7 RO6 RO5 RO4 RO3 RO2 RO1 RO0
B3
Accumulator, B register
ROM data
B2
B1
B0
A3 A
2
A1
A
0
If RO 8 = 1
RO9 RO8 RO7 RO6 RO5 RO4 RO3 RO2 RO1 RO0
Output registers R1, R2
R23 R2 2 R21 R2 0 R13 R12 R11 R10
If RO 9 = 1
Pattern Output
Figure 102 P Instruction
256 (n – 1) + 255
BR
AAA
256n
AAA
BBB
256n + 254
256n + 255
256 (n + 1)
NOP
BR
BR
BBB
AAA
NOP
Figure 103 Branching when the Branch Destination is on a Page Boundary
119
HD404829R Series
Instruction Set
The MCU has 101 instructions, classified into the following 10 groups:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Immediate instructions
Register-to-register instructions
RAM addressing instructions
RAM register instructions
Arithmetic instructions
Compare instructions
RAM bit manipulation instructions
ROM addressing instructions
Input/output instructions
Control instructions
The functions of these instructions are listed in tables 27 to 36, and an opcode map is shown in table 37.
Table 27 Immediate Instructions
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Load A from
immediate
LAI i
1
0
0
0
1
1
i3
i2
i1
i0
i→A
1/1
Load B from
immediate
LBI i
1
0
0
0
0
0
i3
i2
i1
i0
i→B
1/1
Load memory
from
immediate
LMID i,d
0 1 1 0 1 0 i3 i2 i1 i0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
i→M
2/2
1
i → M,
Y+1→Y
Load memory
LMIIY i
from immediate,
increment Y
120
0
1
0
0
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
Operation
1
i3
i2
i1
i0
NZ
1/1
HD404829R Series
Table 28 Register-Register Instructions
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
Operation
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Load A
from B
LAB
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
B→A
1/1
Load B
from A
LBA
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
A→B
1/1
Load A
from W
LAW*
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
W→A
2/2*
Load A
from Y
LAY
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
Y→A
1/1
Load A
from SPX
LASPX
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
SPX → A
1/1
Load A
from SPY
LASPY
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
SPY → A
1/1
Load A
from MR
LAMR m
1
0
0
1
1
1
m3 m2 m1 m0
MR (m) → A
1/1
Exchange
MR and A
XMRA m
1
0
1
1
1
1
m3 m2 m1 m0
MR (m) ↔ A
1/1
Note: * Although the LAW and LWA instructions require an operand ($000) in the second word, the
assembler generates it automatically and thus there is no need to specify it explicitly.
121
HD404829R Series
Table 29 RAM Address Instructions
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
Operation
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Load W from
immediate
LWI i
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
i1
i0
i→W
1/1
Load X from
immediate
LXI i
1
0
0
0
1
0
i3
i2
i1
i0
i→X
1/1
Load Y from
immediate
LYI i
1
0
0
0
0
1
i3
i2
i1
i0
i→Y
1/1
Load W
from A
LWA
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A→W
2/2*
Load X
from A
LXA
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
A→X
1/1
Load Y
from A
LYA
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
A→Y
1/1
Increment Y
IY
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
Y+1→Y
NZ
1/1
Decrement Y
DY
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
Y–1→Y
NB
1/1
Add A to Y
AYY
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
Y+A→Y
OVF
1/1
Subtract A
from Y
SYY
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
Y–A→Y
NB
1/1
Exchange X
and SPX
XSPX
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
X ↔ SPX
1/1
Exchange Y
and SPY
XSPY
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
Y ↔ SPY
1/1
Exchange X
and SPX,
Y and SPY
XSPXY
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
X ↔ SPX,
Y ↔ SPY
1/1
Note: * Although the LAW and LWA instructions require an operand ($000) in the second word, the
assembler generates it automatically and thus there is no need to specify it explicitly.
122
HD404829R Series
Table 30 RAM Register Instructions
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Load A from
memory
LAM
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
M→A
LAMX
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
M → A,
X ↔ SPX
LAMY
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
M → A,
Y ↔ SPY
LAMXY
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
M → A,
X ↔ SPX,
Y ↔ SPY
Load A from
memory
LAMD d
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
M→A
2/2
Load B from
memory
LBM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
M→B
1/1
LBMX
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
M → B,
X ↔ SPX
LBMY
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
M → B,
Y ↔ SPY
LBMXY
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
M → B,
X ↔ SPX,
Y ↔ SPY
LMA
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
A→M
LMAX
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
A → M,
X ↔ SPX
LMAY
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
A → M,
Y ↔ SPY
LMAXY
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
A → M,
X ↔ SPX,
Y ↔ SPY
LMAD d
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
Load memory
from A
Load memory
from A
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
Operation
A→M
1/1
1/1
2/2
123
HD404829R Series
Table 30 RAM Register Instructions (cont)
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Load memory
from A,
increment Y
LMAIY
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
A → M,
Y+1→Y
LMAIYX
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
A → M,
Y + 1 → Y,
X ↔ SPX
LMADY
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
A → M,
Y–1→Y
LMADYX
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
A → M,
Y – 1 → Y,
X ↔ SPX
XMA
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M↔A
XMAX
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
M ↔ A,
X ↔ SPX
XMAY
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
M ↔ A,
Y ↔ SPY
XMAXY
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
M ↔ A,
X ↔ SPX,
Y ↔ SPY
Exchange
memory
and A
XMAD d
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
M→A
2/2
Exchange
memory
and B
XMB
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
M↔B
1/1
XMBX
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
M ↔ B,
X ↔ SPX
XMBY
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
M ↔ B,
Y ↔ SPY
XMBXY
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
M ↔ B,
X ↔ SPX,
Y ↔ SPY
Load memory
from A,
decrement Y
Exchange
memory
and A
124
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
Operation
NZ
1/1
NB
1/1
1/1
HD404829R Series
Table 31 Arithmetic Instructions
Operation
Mnemonic Operation Code
Function
Status
Words/
Cycles
Add immediate to AI i
A
1
0
1
0
0
0
i3
i2
i1
i0
A+i→A
OVF
1/1
Increment B
IB
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
B+1→B
NZ
1/1
Decrement B
DB
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
B–1→B
NB
1/1
Decimal
DAA
adjust for addition
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1/1
Decimal
adjust for
subtraction
DAS
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1/1
Negate A
NEGA
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
A+1→A
1/1
Complement
B
COMB
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
B→B
1/1
Rotate right A
with carry
ROTR
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1/1
Rotate left A
with carry
ROTL
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1/1
Set carry
SEC
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1 → CA
1/1
Reset carry
REC
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0 → CA
1/1
Test carry
TC
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
Add A to memory AM
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
Add A to memory AMD d
CA
1/1
M+A→A
OVF
1/1
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
M+A→A
OVF
2/2
Add A to memory AMC
with carry
0
M + A + CA → A OVF
OVF → CA
1/1
Add A to memory AMCD d
with carry
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
M + A + CA → A OVF
OVF → CA
2/2
Subtract A
from memory
with carry
SMC
0
M – A – CA → A NB
NB → CA
1/1
Subtract A
from memory
with carry
SMCD d
0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
M – A – CA → A NB
NB → CA
2/2
OR A and B
OR
0
A∪B→A
1/1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
125
HD404829R Series
Table 31 Arithmetic Instructions (cont)
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
A ∩M→A
NZ
1/1
0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
A ∩M→A
NZ
2/2
ORM
0
A ∪M→A
NZ
1/1
OR memory
with A
ORMD d
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
A ∪M→A
NZ
2/2
EOR memory
with A
EORM
0
A ⊕ M →A
NZ
1/1
EOR memory
with A
EORMD d
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
A ⊕ M →A
NZ
2/2
Operation
Mnemonic
Operation Code
AND memory
with A
ANM
0
AND memory
with A
ANMD d
OR memory
with A
126
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
HD404829R Series
Table 32 Compare Instructions
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
i≠M
NZ
1/1
0 1 0 0 1 0 i3 i2 i1 i0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
i≠M
NZ
2/2
ANEM
0
A≠M
NZ
1/1
A not equal to
memory
ANEMD d
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
A≠M
NZ
2/2
B not equal to
memory
BNEM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
B≠M
NZ
1/1
Y not equal to
immediate
YNEI i
0
0
0
1
1
1
i3
i2
i1
i0
Y≠i
NZ
1/1
Immediate
less or equal
to memory
ILEM i
0
0
0
0
1
1
i3
i2
i1
i0
i≤M
NB
1/1
Immediate
less or equal
to memory
ILEMD i, d
0 1 0 0 1 1 i3 i2 i1 i0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
i≤M
NB
2/2
A less or
equal to
memory
ALEM
0
A≤M
NB
1/1
A less or
equal to
memory
ALEMD d
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
A≤M
NB
2/2
B less or
equal to
memory
BLEM
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
B≤M
NB
1/1
A less or
equal to
immediate
ALEI i
1
0
1
0
1
1
i3
i2
i1
i0
A≤i
NB
1/1
Operation
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Immediate not
equal to
memory
INEM i
0
Immediate not
equal to
memory
INEMD i, d
A not equal to
memory
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
i3
0
0
i2
1
1
i1
0
0
i0
0
0
127
HD404829R Series
Table 33 RAM Bit Manipulation Instructions
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Set memory bit
SEM n
0
n1 n0
i → M (n)
1/1
Set memory bit
SEMD n,d
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 n1 n0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
i → M (n)
2/2
Reset memory
bit
REM n
0
n1 n0
0 → M (n)
1/1
Reset memory
bit
REMD n,d
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 n1 n0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
0 → M (n)
2/2
Test memory bit
TM n
0
n1 n0
M (n)
1/1
Test memory bit
TM n,d
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 n1 n0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
M (n)
2/2
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Function
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
Status
Words/
Cycles
Operation
Table 34 ROM Addressing Instructions
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Branch on
status 1
BR b
1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1
1/1
Long branch
on status 1
BRL u
0 1 0 1 1 1 p3 p2 p1 p0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
1
2/2
Long jump
unconditionally
JMPL u
0 1 0 1 0 1 p3 p2 p1 p0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
Subroutine jump
on status 1
CAL a
0
a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0
1
1/2
Long subroutine
jump on status 1
CALL u
0 1 0 1 1 0 p3 p2 p1 p0
d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0
1
2/2
Table branch
TBR p
0
0
1
0
1
1
p3 p2 p1 p0
1
1/1
Return from
subroutine
RTN
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Return from
interrupt
RTNI
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
128
1
1
1
1
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
Operation
2/2
1/3
1 → IE,
ST
carry restored
1/3
HD404829R Series
Table 35 Input/Output Instructions
Operation
Mnemonic
Operation Code
Function
Set discrete
I/O latch
SED
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
Set discrete
I/O latch
direct
SEDD m
1
0
1
1
1
0
Reset
discrete I/O latch
RED
0
0
0
1
1
Reset
discrete I/O latch
direct
REDD m
1
0
0
1
Test discrete I/O
latch
TD
0
0
1
Test discrete I/O
latch direct
TDD m
1
0
Load A
from R-port
register
LAR m
1
Load B
from R-port
register
LBR m
Load R-port
register
from A
Words/
Status Cycles
1 → D (Y)
1/1
m3 m2 m1 m0
1 → D (m)
1/1
0
0
0 → D (Y)
1/1
1
0
m3 m2 m1 m0
0 → D (m)
1/1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
m3 m2 m1 m0
0
0
1
0
1
m3 m2 m1 m0
R (m) → A
1/1
1
0
0
1
0
0
m3 m2 m1 m0
R (m) → B
1/1
LRA m
1
0
1
1
0
1
m3 m2 m1 m0
A → R (m)
1/1
Load R-port
register
from B
LRB m
1
0
1
1
0
0
m3 m2 m1 m0
B → R (m)
1/1
Pattern
generation
Pp
0
1
1
0
1
1
p3 p2 p1 p0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
D (Y)
1/1
D (m)
1/1
1/2
129
HD404829R Series
Table 36 Control Instructions
Mnemonic
Operation Code
No operation
NOP
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1/1
Start serial
STS
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1/1
Standby
mode/Watch
mode*
SBY
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1/1
Stop mode/
Watch mode
STOP
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1/1
Note: * Only on return from subactive mode.
130
Function
Words/
Status Cycles
Operation
HD404829R Series
Table 37 Opcode Map
0
R8
L
0
1
2
3
4
R9 H
0
NOP
XSPX XSPY XSPXY ANEM
1
RTN
RTNI
5
6
ALEM
2
0
LBM(XY)
LMAIY(X)
NEGA
BNEM
B
C
ORM
AMC
EORM
D
E
F
IB
AYY
LASPY
IY
RED
LASPX
TC
YNEI i(4)
8
9
XMA(XY)
SEM n(2)
LAM(XY)
LMA(XY)
ROTR ROTL
REM n(2)
SMC
DAA
B
TM n(2)
ANM
DAS
LAY
TBR p(4)
C
BLEM
LBA
DB
D
LMADY(X)
SYY
LYA
DY
E
TD
SED
LXA
F
1
A
LAB
7
A
9
ILEM i(4)
4
6
8
AM
INEM i(4)
3
5
7
XMB(XY)
REC
SEC
LWI i(2)
0
LBI i(4)
1
LYI i(4)
2
LXI i(4)
3
LAI i(4)
4
LBR m(4)
5
LAR m(4)
6
REDD m(4)
7
LAMR m(4)
8
AI i(4)
9
LMIIY i(4)
A
TDD m(4)
B
ALEI i(4)
C
D
LRB m(4)
E
SEDD m(4)
F
XMRA m(4)
LRA m(4)
1-word/2-cycle
instruction
1-word/3-cycle
instruction
RAM direct address
instruction
(2-word/2-cycle)
2-word/2-cycle
instruction
131
HD404829R Series
Table 37 Opcode Map (cont)
1
R8
L
0
1
2
3
4
R9 H
0
LAW
ANEMD
1
LWA
ALEMD
6
7
8
STS
5
JMPL p(4)
6
CALL p(4)
7
BRL p(4)
8
XMAD
LAMD
SEMD n(2)
LMAD
C
EORMD
ILEMD i(4)
9
B
AMCD
2
OR
A
ORMD
3
COMB
9
AMD
INEMD i(4)
4
0
5
SBY
REMD n(2)
SMCD
A
LMID i(4)
B
P p(4)
D
E
F
STOP
TMD n(2)
ANMD
C
D
CAL a(6)
E
F
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
BR b(8)
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
1-word/2-cycle
instruction
132
1-word/3-cycle
instruction
RAM direct address
instruction
(2-word/2-cycle)
2-word/2-cycle
instruction
HD404829R Series
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Item
Symbol
Value
Unit
Supply voltage
VCC
–0.3 to +7.0
V
Programming voltage
VPP
–0.3 to +14.0
V
Pin voltage
VT
–0.3 to VCC + 0.3
V
Total permissible input current
∑Io
100
mA
2
Total permissible output current
–∑Io
50
mA
3
Maximum input current
Io
4
mA
4, 5
30
mA
4, 6
7, 8
Maximum output current
–I o
4
mA
Operating temperature
Topr
–20 to +75
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
–55 to +125
°C
Notes
1
Notes: Permanent damage may occur if these absolute maximum ratings are exceeded. Normal
operation must be under the conditions stated in the electrical characteristics tables. If these
conditions are exceeded, the LSI may malfunction or its reliability may be affected.
1. Applies to D 11 (VPP) of the HD4074829.
2. The total permissible input current is the total of input currents simultaneously flowing in from all
the I/O pins to ground.
3. The total permissible output current is the total of output currents simultaneously flowing out from
VCC to all I/O pins.
4. The maximum input current is the maximum current flowing from each I/O pin to ground.
5. Applies to R0–R7.
6. Applies to D 0–D 9.
7. The maximum output current is the maximum current flowing out from V CC to each I/O pin.
8. Applies to D 0–D 9 and R0–R7.
133
HD404829R Series
Electrical Characteristics
DC Characteristics (HD404828R, HD4048212R, HD404829R: VCC = 2.7 to 6.0 V, GND = 0 V, Ta =
–20°C to +75°C; HD4074829: VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, T a = –20°C to +75°C, unless otherwise
specified)
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Input high
voltage
VIH
RESET, SCK,
SI, INT0, INT1
INT2, INT3,
INT4, STOPC,
EVNB, EVND
0.9VCC
—
VCC + 0.3
V
—
OSC1
VCC – 0.3
—
VCC + 0.3
V
External clock
operation
RESET, SCK,
SI, INT0, INT1,
INT2, INT3,
INT4, STOPC,
EVNB, EVND
–0.3
—
0.1VCC
V
—
OSC1
–0.3
—
0.3
V
External clock
operation
Input low
voltage
VIL
Notes
Output high
voltage
VOH
SCK, SO, TOB,
TOC, TOD
VCC – 1.0
—
—
V
–I OH = 0.5 mA
Output low
voltage
VOL
SCK, SO, TOB,
TOC, TOD
—
—
0.4
V
IOL = 0.4 mA
I/O leakage
current
II L 
RESET, SCK,
SI, INT0, INT1,
INT2, INT3,
INT4, STOPC,
EVNB, EVND,
OSC1, TOB,
TOC, TOD, SO
—
—
1.0
µA
Vin = 0 V to V CC
1
Current
dissipation in
active mode
ICC1
VCC
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
2.5
5.0
mA
VCC = 5.0 V,
fOSC = 4 MHz
2
VCC
(HD4074829)
—
5
9
VCC
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
0.3
0.9
mA
VCC = 3.0 V,
fOSC = 800 kHz
2
VCC
(HD4074829)
—
0.6
1.8
VCC
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
1.0
2.0
mA
VCC = 5.0 V,
fOSC = 4 MHz,
LCD on
3
VCC
(HD4074829)
—
1.2
3
VCC
—
0.2
0.7
mA
VCC = 3.0 V,
fOSC = 800 kHz,
LCD on
3
ICC2
Current
dissipation in
standby mode
ISBY1
ISBY2
Notes on next page.
134
HD404829R Series
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Notes
Current
dissipation in
subactive mode
ISUB
VCC
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
25
70
µA
VCC = 3.0 V,
LCD on
32-kHz oscillator
4
VCC
(HD4074829)
—
70
150
µA
VCC = 3.0 V,
LCD on
32-kHz oscillator
4
VCC
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
15
40
µA
VCC = 3.0 V,
LCD on
32-kHz oscillator
4
VCC
(HD4074829)
—
18
40
VCC
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
5
10
µA
VCC = 3.0 V,
LCD off
32-kHz oscillator
4
VCC
(HD4074829)
—
8
15
VCC
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
0.5
5
µA
VCC = 3.0 V,
No 32-kHz oscillator
4
VCC
(HD4074829)
—
1
10
VCC
2
—
—
V
No 32-kHz
oscillator
5
Current
dissipation in
watch mode
IWTC1
IWTC2
Current
dissipation in
stop mode
Stop mode
retaining voltage
ISTOP
VSTOP
Notes: 1. Output buffer current is excluded.
2. I CC1 and I CC2 are the source currents when no I/O current is flowing while the MCU is in reset
state.
Test conditions: MCU: Reset
Pins: RESET at V CC (VCC – 0.3 V to VCC)
TEST at V CC (VCC – 0.3 V to VCC)
3. I SBY1 and I SBY2 are the source currents when no I/O current is flowing while the MCU timer is
operating.
Test conditions: MCU: I/O reset
Serial interface stopped
Standby mode
Pins: RESET at GND (0 V to 0.3 V)
TEST at V CC (VCC – 0.3 V to VCC)
4. These are the source currents when no I/O current is flowing.
Test conditions: Pins: RESET at GND (0 V to 0.3 V)
TEST at V CC (VCC – 0.3 V to VCC)
D11 (VPP) at VCC (VCC – 0.3 V to VCC) for the HD4074829
5. The required voltage for RAM data retention.
135
HD404829R Series
I/O Characteristics for Standard Pins (HD404828R, HD4048212R, HD404829R: VCC = 2.7 to 6.0 V,
GND = 0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C; HD4074829: VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, T a = –20°C to +75°C,
unless otherwise specified)
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Input high
voltage
VIH
D10 , D11 ,
R0–R7
0.7VCC
—
VCC + 0.3
V
—
Input low
voltage
VIL
D10 , D11 ,
R0–R7
–0.3
—
0.3VCC
V
—
Output high
voltage
VOH
R0–R7
VCC – 1.0
—
—
V
–I OH = 0.5 mA
Output low
voltage
VOL
R0–R7
—
—
0.4
V
IOL = 0.4 mA
I/O leakage
II L 
D10 , R0–R7
—
—
1
µA
Vin = 0 V to V CC
1
D11
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
—
1
µA
Vin = 0 V to V CC
1
D11
(HD4074829)
—
—
1
µA
Vin = VCC – 0.3 V
to VCC
1
—
—
20
µA
Vin = 0 V to 0.3 V
1
5
30
90
µA
VCC = 3.0 V,
Vin = 0 V
current
Pull-up MOS
current
–I PU
R0–R7
Notes
Note: 1. Output buffer current is excluded.
I/O Characteristics for High-Current Pins (HD404828R, HD4048212R, HD404829R: V CC = 2.7 to 6.0
V, GND = 0 V, T a = –20°C to +75°C; HD4074829: VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, Ta = –20°C to
+75°C, unless otherwise specified)
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Input high
voltage
VIH
D0–D9
0.7VCC
—
VCC + 0.3
V
—
Input low
voltage
VIL
D0–D9
–0.3
—
0.3VCC
V
—
Output high
voltage
VOH
D0–D9
VCC – 1.0
—
—
V
–I OH = 0.5 mA
Output low
VOL
D0–D9
—
—
0.4
V
IOL = 0.4 mA
—
—
2.0
V
IOL = 15 mA,
VCC = 4.5 V to 6.0 V
1
2
voltage
I/O leakage
current
II L 
D0–D9
—
—
1
µA
Vin = 0 V to V CC
Pull-up MOS
current
–I PU
D0–D9
5
30
90
µA
VCC = 3 V,
Vin = 0 V
Note: 1. The test condition of HD4074829 is VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V.
2. Output buffer current is excluded.
136
Notes
HD404829R Series
LCD Circuit Characteristics (HD404828R, HD4048212R, HD404829R: VCC = 2.7 to 6.0 V, GND =
0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C; HD4074829: VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, T a = –20°C to +75°C, unless
otherwise specified)
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Notes
Segment driver
voltage drop
VDS
SEG1–SEG52
—
—
0.6
V
IPD = 3 µA
1
Common driver
voltage drop
VDC
COM1–COM4
—
—
0.3
V
IPD = 3 µA
1
LCD power
supply division
resistance
RW
—
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
50
300
900
kΩ
Between V 1 and
GND
—
(HD4074829)
100
300
900
kΩ
—
V1
2.7
—
VCC
V
—
LCD voltage
VLCD
2
Notes: 1. VDS and VDC are the voltage drops from power supply pins V1, V2, V3, and GND to each segment
pin and each common pin, respectively.
2. When VLCD is supplied from an external source, the following relations must be retained:
VCC ≥ V1 ≥ V2 ≥ V3 ≥ GND
A/D Converter Characteristics (HD404828R, HD4048212R, HD404829R: V CC = 2.7 to 6.0 V, GND =
0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C; HD4074829: VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, unless
otherwise specified)
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Notes
Analog power
voltage
AV CC
AV CC
VCC – 0.3
VCC
VCC + 0.3
V
—
1
Analog input
voltage
AV in
AN0–AN 3
AV SS
—
AV CC
V
—
Current between
AV CC and AVSS
I AD
—
(HD404828R,
HD4048212R,
HD404829R)
—
—
250
µA
VCC = AVCC = 5.0 V
—
(HD4074829)
—
50
150
Analog input
capacitance
CAin
AN0–AN 3
—
15
—
pF
—
Resolution
—
—
8
8
8
Bit
—
Number of inputs
—
—
0
—
4
Channel
—
Absolute accuracy
—
—
—
—
± 2.0
LSB
Ta = 25°C,
VCC = 4.5–5.5 V
Conversion time
—
—
34
—
67
tcyc
—
Input impedance
—
AN0–AN 3
1
—
—
MΩ
fOSC = 1 MHz,
Vin = 0.0 V
137
HD404829R Series
AC Characteristics (HD404828R, HD4048212R, HD404829R: VCC = 2.7 to 6.0 V, GND = 0 V, Ta =
–20°C to +75°C, unless otherwise specified)
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Clock oscillation
fOSC
OSC1, OSC2
0.4
—
4.2
MHz
1/4 division
VCC=3.0V-6.0V
0.4
—
2.0
MHz
1/4 division
VCC=2.7V-6.0V
X1, X2
—
32.768
—
kHz
—
—
0.95
—
10
µs
VCC=3.0V-6.0V
2
—
10
µs
VCC=2.7V-6.0V
—
244.14
—
µs
32-kHz oscillator,
1/8 division
—
122.07
—
µs
32-kHz oscillator,
1/4 division
OSC1, OSC2
—
—
7.5
ms
Ceramic oscillator
2
OSC1, OSC2
—
—
30
ms
Crystal oscillator
VCC=3.0V-6.0V
2
X1, X2
—
—
3
s
Ta = –10°C to
+60°C
2
tCPH
OSC1
100
—
—
ns
VCC=3.0V-6.0V
3
215
—
—
ns
VCC=2.7V-6.0V
3
tCPL
OSC1
100
—
—
ns
VCC=3.0V-6.0V
3
215
—
—
ns
VCC=2.7V-6.0V
3
tCPr
OSC1
—
—
20
ns
VCC=3.0V-6.0V
3
—
—
35
ns
VCC=2.7V-6.0V
3
—
—
20
ns
VCC=3.0V-6.0V
3
—
—
35
ns
VCC=2.7V-6.0V
3
frequency
Instruction cycle
tcyc
time
tsubcyc
Oscillation
tRC
stabilization time
External clock
—
high width
External clock
low width
External clock
rise time
External clock
tCPf
OSC1
fall time
Notes
1
1
INT0–INT4, EVNB , tI H
EVND high widths
INT0–INT4,
EVNB, EVND
2
—
—
tcyc /
tsubcyc
—
4
INT0–INT4, EVNB , tI L
EVND low widths
INT0–INT4,
EVNB, EVND
2
—
—
tcyc /
tsubcyc
—
4
RESET high width
tRSTH
RESET
2
—
—
tcyc
—
5
STOPC low width
tSTPL
STOPC
1
—
—
tRC
—
6
RESET fall time
tRSTf
RESET
—
—
20
ms
—
5
STOPC rise time
tSTPr
STOPC
—
—
20
ms
—
6
Input capacitance
Cin
All pins
except D 11
—
—
15
pF
f = 1 MHz
Vin = 0 V,
Notes on next page.
138
HD404829R Series
Notes: 1. With a crystal oscillator, Vcc=3.0V to 6.0V.
2. There are three oscillator stabilization times.
(1)
At power on, the time between the point where Vcc reaches 2.7V and the point where
oscillation has stabilized.
(2)
At clearing stop mode, the time between the point where the RESET pin reaches the high
level and the point where oscillation has stabilized.
(3)
At clearing stop mode, the time between the point where the STOPC pin reaches the low
level and the point where oscillation has stabilized.
At power on or when stop mode is cleared, RESET or STOPC must be input for at least
t RC to ensure the oscillation stabilization time.
Since the oscillator stabilization time will depend on circuit constants and stray
capacitances, determine the oscillator by consulting with the oscillator’s manufacturer.
Be sure to set miscellaneous register (MIS) bits MIS1 and MIS0 to match the system clock
oscillator stabilization time.
3. Refer to figure 99.
4. Refer to figure 100. The t cyc unit applies when the MCU is in standby or active mode.
The t subcyc unit applies when the MCU is in watch or subactive mode.
5. Refer to figure 101.
6. Refer to figure 102.
139
HD404829R Series
AC Characteristics (HD4074829: V CC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, unless
otherwise specified)
Item
Symbol
Pin(s)
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Clock oscillation
frequency
fOSC
OSC1, OSC2
0.4
—
4.2
MHz
1/4 division
VCC=4.5V-5.5V
0.4
—
4.0
MHz
1/4 division
VCC=3.5V-5.5V
0.4
—
2.0
MHz
1/4 division
VCC=2.7V-5.5V
X1, X2
—
32.768
—
kHz
—
—
0.95
—
10
µs
VCC=4.5V-5.5V
1
—
10
µs
VCC=3.5V-5.5V
2
—
10
µs
VCC=2.7V-5.5V
—
244.14
—
µs
32-kHz oscillator,
1/8 division
—
122.07
—
µs
32-kHz oscillator,
1/4 division
OSC1, OSC2
—
—
7.5
ms
Ceramic oscillator
2
OSC1, OSC2
—
—
30
ms
Crystal oscillator
VCC=3.0V-5.5V
2
X1, X2
—
—
3
s
Ta = –10°C to+60°C
2
OSC1
100
—
—
ns
VCC=4.5V-5.5V
3
105
—
—
ns
VCC=3.5V-5.5V
3
215
—
—
ns
VCC=2.7V-5.5V
3
100
—
—
ns
VCC=4.5V-5.5V
3
105
—
—
ns
VCC=3.5V-5.5V
3
215
—
—
ns
VCC=2.7V-5.5V
3
—
—
20
ns
VCC=3.5V-5.5V
3
—
—
35
ns
VCC=2.7V-5.5V
3
—
—
20
ns
VCC=3.5V-5.5V
3
—
—
35
ns
VCC=2.7V-5.5V
3
Instruction cycle time
tcyc
tsubcyc
Oscillation
stabilization time
tRC
External clock high width tCPH
External clock low width
External clock rise time
External clock fall time
tCPL
tCPr
tCPf
—
OSC1
OSC1
OSC1
Notes
1
1
INT0–INT4, EVNB ,
EVND high widths
tI H
INT0–INT4,
2
EVNB, EVND
—
—
tcyc /
tsubcyc
—
4
INT0–INT4, EVNB ,
EVND low widths
tI L
INT0–INT4,
2
EVNB, EVND
—
—
tcyc /
tsubcyc
—
4
RESET high width
tRSTH
RESET
2
—
—
tcyc
—
5
STOPC low width
tSTPL
STOPC
1
—
—
tRC
—
6
RESET fall time
tRSTf
RESET
—
—
20
ms
—
5
STOPC rise time
tSTPr
STOPC
—
—
20
ms
—
6
Input capacitance
Cin
All pins
except D 11
—
—
15
pF
f = 1 MHz, Vin = 0 V
D11
—
—
180
pF
f = 1 MHz, Vin = 0 V
Notes on next page.
140
HD404829R Series
Notes: 1. With a crystal oscillator, VCC=3.0V to 5.5V.
2. There are three oscillator stabilization times.
(1)
At power on, the time between the point where VCC reaches 2.7V and the point where
oscillation has stabilized.
(2)
At clearing stop mode, the time between the point where the RESET pin reaches the high
level and the point where oscillation has stabilized.
(3)
At clearing stop mode, the time between the point where the STOPC pin reaches the low
level and the point where oscillation has stabilized.
At power on or when stop mode is cleared, RESET or STOPC must be input for at least
t RC to ensure the oscillation stabilization time.
Since the oscillator stabilization time will depend on circuit constants and stray
capacitances, determine the oscillator by consulting with the oscillator’s manufacturer.
Be sure to set miscellaneous register (MIS) bits MIS1 and MIS0 to match the system clock
oscillator stabilization time.
3. Refer to figure 99.
4. Refer to figure 100. The t cyc unit applies when the MCU is in standby or active mode.
The t subcyc unit applies when the MCU is in watch or subactive mode.
5. Refer to figure 101.
6. Refer to figure 102.
141
HD404829R Series
Serial Interface Timing Characteristics (HD404828R, HD4048212R, HD404829R: V CC = 2.7 to 6.0 V,
GND = 0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C; HD4074829: VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, GND = 0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C,
unless otherwise specified)
During Transmit Clock Output
Item
Symbol
Pin
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Notes
Transmit clock cycle time
tScyc
SCK
1.0
—
—
tcyc
Load shown in
figure 104
1
Transmit clock high width
tSCKH
SCK
0.5
—
—
tScyc
Load shown in
figure 104
1
Transmit clock low width
tSCKL
SCK
0.5
—
—
tScyc
Load shown in
figure 104
1
Transmit clock rise time
tSCKr
SCK
—
—
200
ns
Load shown in
figure 104
1
Transmit clock fall time
tSCKf
SCK
—
—
200
ns
Load shown in
figure 104
1
Serial output data
delay time
tDSO
SO
—
—
500
ns
Load shown in
figure 104
1
Serial input data
setup time
tSSI
SI
300
—
—
ns
—
1
Serial input data
hold time
tHSI
SI
300
—
—
ns
—
1
Note: 1. Refer to figure 103.
During Transmit Clock Input
Item
Symbol
Pin
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Condition
Notes
Transmit clock cycle time
tScyc
SCK
1.0
—
—
tcyc
—
1
Transmit clock high width
tSCKH
SCK
0.5
—
—
—
1
Transmit clock low width
tSCKL
SCK
0.5
—
—
tScyc
—
1
Transmit clock rise time
tSCKr
SCK
—
—
200
ns
—
1
Transmit clock fall time
tSCKf
SCK
—
—
200
ns
—
1
Serial output data
delay time
tDSO
SO
—
—
500
ns
Load shown in
figure 104
1
Serial input data
setup time
tSSI
SI
300
—
—
ns
—
1
Serial input data
hold time
tHSI
SI
300
—
—
ns
—
1
Note: 1. Refer to figure 103.
142
tScyc
HD404829R Series
OSC1
1/fCP
VCC – 0.3 V
0.3 V
tCPL
tCPH
tCPr
tCPf
Figure 104 External Clock Timing
INT0 to INT4,
EVNB, EVND
0.9VCC
0.1VCC
tIH
tIL
Figure 105 Interrupt Timing
RESET
0.9VCC
0.1VCC
tRSTH
tRSTf
Figure 106
Reset Timing
143
HD404829R Series
STOPC
0.9VCC
0.1VCC
tSTPL
tSTPr
STOPC Timing
Figure 107
t Scyc
t SCKf
SCK
VCC – 1.0 V (0.9VCC )*
0.4 V (0.1VCC)*
t SCKr
t SCKL
t SCKH
t DSO
VCC – 1.0 V
0.4 V
SO
t SSI
t HSI
0.9V CC
0.1VCC
SI
Note: * VCC – 1.0 V and 0.4 V are the threshold voltages for transmit clock output, and
0.9VCC and 0.1VCC are the threshold voltages for transmit clock input.
Figure 108 Serial Interface Timing
VCC
RL = 2.6 kΩ
Test
point
C=
30 pF
R=
12 kΩ
1S2074 H
or equivalent
Figure 109 Timing Load Circuit
144
HD404829R Series
Notes on ROM Out
Please pay attention to the following items regarding ROM out.
On ROM out, fill the ROM area indicated below with 1s to create the same data size as a 16-kword version
(HD404829R). A 16-kword data size is required to change ROM data to mask manufacturing data since the
program used is for a 16-kword version.
This limitation applies when using an EPROM or a data base.
ROM 8-kword version:
HD404828R
Address $2000–$3FFF
ROM 12-kword version:
HD4048212R
Address $3000–$3FFF
$0000
$0000
Vector address
Vector address
$000F
$0010
$000F
$0010
Zero-page subroutine
(64 words)
Zero-page subroutine
(64 words)
$003F
$0040
$003F
$0040
Pattern & program
(8,192 words)
Pattern & program
(12,288 words)
$2FFF
$3000
$1FFF
$2000
Not used
Not used
$3FFF
$3FFF
Fill this area with 1s
145
HD404829R Series
HD404829R/HD404828R/HD4048212R Option List
Please check off the appropriate applications and enter the necessary information.
Date of order
/
/
Customer
Department
Name
ROM code name
LSI number
(Hitachi entry)
1. ROM Size
HD404828R
8-kword
HD4048212R
12-kword
HD404829R
16-kword
2. Optional Function
*
With 32-kHz CPU operation, with time-base for clock
*
Without 32-kHz CPU operation, with time-base for clock
Without 32-kHz CPU operation, without time-base for clock
Note: * Options marked with an asterisk require a subsystem crystal oscillator (X1, X2).
3. ROM Code Data Type
Please specify the first type below (the upper bits and lower bits are mixed together), when using the
EPROM on-package microcomputer type (including ZTATTM version).
The upper bits and lower bits are mixed together. The upper five bits and lower five bits are
programmed to the same EPROM in alternating order (i.e., LULULU...).
The upper bits and lower bits are separated. The upper five bits and lower five bits are programmed to
different EPROMs.
4. System Oscillator (OSC1 and OSC2)
Ceramic oscillator
f=
MHz
Crystal oscillator
f=
MHz
External clock
f=
MHz
5. Stop Mode
Used
Not used
6. Package
FP-100A
FP-100B
TFP-100B
146
HD404829R Series
Cautions
1. Hitachi neither warrants nor grants licenses of any rights of Hitachi’s or any third party’s patent,
copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights for information contained in this document.
Hitachi bears no responsibility for problems that may arise with third party’s rights, including
intellectual property rights, in connection with use of the information contained in this document.
2. Products and product specifications may be subject to change without notice. Confirm that you have
received the latest product standards or specifications before final design, purchase or use.
3. Hitachi makes every attempt to ensure that its products are of high quality and reliability. However,
contact Hitachi’s sales office before using the product in an application that demands especially high
quality and reliability or where its failure or malfunction may directly threaten human life or cause risk
of bodily injury, such as aerospace, aeronautics, nuclear power, combustion control, transportation,
traffic, safety equipment or medical equipment for life support.
4. Design your application so that the product is used within the ranges guaranteed by Hitachi particularly
for maximum rating, operating supply voltage range, heat radiation characteristics, installation
conditions and other characteristics. Hitachi bears no responsibility for failure or damage when used
beyond the guaranteed ranges. Even within the guaranteed ranges, consider normally foreseeable
failure rates or failure modes in semiconductor devices and employ systemic measures such as failsafes, so that the equipment incorporating Hitachi product does not cause bodily injury, fire or other
consequential damage due to operation of the Hitachi product.
5. This product is not designed to be radiation resistant.
6. No one is permitted to reproduce or duplicate, in any form, the whole or part of this document without
written approval from Hitachi.
7. Contact Hitachi’s sales office for any questions regarding this document or Hitachi semiconductor
products.
147
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