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FDMF301155 – Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Features Supports PS4 Mode for IMVP-8 Ultra-Compact 5 mm x 5 mm PQFN Copper-Clip Package with Flip Chip Low-Side MOSFET High Current Handling: 50 A Fairchild PowerTrench MOSFETs for Clean Voltage Waveforms and Reduced Ringing Fairchild SyncFET™ Technology (Integrated Schottky Diode) in Low-Side MOSFET Integrated Bootstrap Schottky Diode Fairchild Green Packaging and RoHS Compliance 3-State 5V PWM Input Gate Driver Low Shutdown Current IVCC < 6 µA Diode Emulation for Enhanced Light Load Efficiency ® Description The SPS family is Fairchild’s next-generation, fully optimized, ultra-compact, integrated MOSFET plus driver power stage solution for high-current, highfrequency, synchronous buck, DC-DC applications. The FDMF301155 integrates a driver IC with a bootstrap Schottky diode and two power MOSFETs into a thermally enhanced, ultra-compact 5 mm x 5 mm package. With an integrated approach, the SPS switching power stage is optimized for driver and MOSFET dynamic performance, minimized system inductance, and power MOSFET RDS(ON). The SPS family uses Fairchild's high® performance PowerTrench MOSFET technology, which reduces switch ringing, eliminating the need for a snubber circuit in most buck converter applications. Optimized for Switching Frequencies up to 1.5 MHz A driver IC with reduced dead times and propagation delays further enhances the performance. The FDMF301155 supports diode emulation (using FCCM pin) for improved light-load efficiency. The FDMF301155 also provides a 3-state 5 V PWM input for compatibility with a wide range of PWM controllers. Operating Junction Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C Applications Optimized / Extremely Short Dead-Times Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) on VCC Notebook, Tablet PC and Ultrabook Servers and Workstations, V-Core and Non-V-Core DC-DC Converters Desktop and All-in-One Computers, V-Core and Non-V-Core DC-DC Converters High-Current DC-DC Point-of-Load Converters Small Form-Factor Voltage Regulator Modules Ordering Information Part Number Current Rating Package Top Mark FDMF301155 50 A 31-Lead, Clip Bond PQFN SPS, 5.0 mm x 5.0 mm Package FDMF301155 © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module November 2016 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Application Diagram V5V VIN CPVCC PVCC PWM Input CVCC RVCC VCC CVIN VIN GL PWM RBOOT BOOT FDMF301155 CBOOT PHASE LOUT FCCM FCCM Input SW VOUT VSW AGND Figure 1. PGND COUT Typical Application Diagram Functional Block Diagram VCC PVCC BOOT VCC VIN PHASE DBoot ↓ 10uA ↓ 10uA (Q1) High Side MOSFET FCCM LEVEL SHIFT SW SHOOT- THROUGH PROTECTION 10k PWM HDRV (Q2) Low Side MOSFET PVCC CONTROL LOGIC LDRV GL PGND AGND Figure 2. © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 Functional Block Diagram www.onsemi.com 2 31 N/C 30 N/C 29 1 PVCC 28 2 PGND PGND 27 3 GL PGND 26 4 SW PGND 14 25 5 SW PGND 15 24 6 13 VIN 7 SW 32 AGND 29 VIN 11 11 30 8 12 FDMF301155 VIN 10 10 31 9 9 PWM 1 FCCM 2 VCC 3 AGND 4 BOOT 5 N/C 6 PHASE 7 VIN 8 28 16 17 18 19 20 21 Figure 3. 22 23 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 SW 24 SW 15 SW 25 SW 14 SW 26 SW 13 33 GL SW 27 SW 12 Pin Configuration - Top View and Transparent View Pin Definitions Pin # Name Description 1 PWM PWM input to the gate driver IC 2 FCCM The FCCM pin enables or disables Diode Emulation. When FCCM is LOW, diode emulation is allowed. When FCCM is HIGH, continuous conduction mode is forced. High impedance on the input of FCCM will shut down the driver IC (and module). 3 VCC 4, 32 AGND Analog ground for analog portions of the IC and for substrate, pin 4 and pin 32 are internally fused (shorted) 5 BOOT Supply for high-side MOSFET gate driver. A capacitor from BOOT to PHASE supplies the charge to turn on the N-channel high-side MOSFET. During the freewheeling interval (LS MOSFET on), the high side capacitor is recharged by an internal diode connected to PVCC. 6, 30, 31 N/C Power supply input for all analog control functions; this is the “quiet” VCC No connect 7 PHASE 8~11 VIN Return connection for the boot capacitor Power input for the power stage 12~15, 28 PGND Power return for the power stage 16~26 SW Switching node junction between high and low side MOSFETs; also the input into both the gate driver SW node comparator and the ZCD comparator 27, 33 GL Low-side MOSFET gate monitor 29 PVCC (1) Power supply input for LS gate driver and boot diode Note: 1. LS = Low Side. © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 3 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Pin Configuration Stresses exceeding the Absolute Maximum Ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. TA = TJ = 25°C Symbol VCC Parameter Min. Max. Unit Supply Voltage Referenced to AGND -0.3 7.0 V PVCC Drive Voltage Referenced to AGND -0.3 7.0 V VPWM PWM Signal Input Referenced to AGND -0.3 VCC+0.3 V VFCCM Skip Mode Input Referenced to AGND -0.3 VCC+0.3 V VGL Low Gate Manufacturing Test Pin Referenced to PGND (DC) GND-0.3 VCC+0.3 V Referenced to PGND (AC < 20 ns, 10 µJ) GND-0.3 VCC+0.3 V VIN Power Input Referenced to PGND -0.3 30.0 V Referenced to PGND (DC) -0.3 30.0 Referenced to PGND (AC < 20 ns, 10 µJ) -8.0 30.0 Referenced to AGND (DC) -0.3 33.0 V DC -0.3 7.0 V AC < 20 ns, 10 µJ -0.3 9.0 V VPHASE VSW PHASE and SW VBOOT Bootstrap Supply VBOOT-PHASE Boot to PHASE Voltage IO(AV) (2) θJ-A θJ-PCB Output Current fSW=300 kHz, VIN=12 V, VOUT=1 V 50 fSW=1000 kHz, VIN=12 V, VOUT=1 V 45 V A Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance 12.4 °C/W Junction-to-PCB Thermal Resistance (under Fairchild SPS Thermal Board) 1.8 °C/W +125 °C +150 °C +150 °C TA Ambient Temperature Range TJ Maximum Junction Temperature TSTG Storage Temperature Range ESD Electrostatic Discharge Protection -40 -55 Human Body Model, JESD22-A114 1.5 Charged Device Model, JESD22-C101 2.5 kV Note: 2. IO(AV) is rated with testing Fairchild’s SPS evaluation board at TA = 25°C with natural convection cooling. This rating is limited by the peak SPS temperature, TJ = 150°C, and varies depending on operating conditions and PCB layout. This rating may be changed with different application settings. Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended Operating Conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol VCC PVCC Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Control Circuit Supply Voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Gate Drive Circuit Supply Voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 V (3) (4) VIN Output Stage Supply Voltage 4.5 12.0 24.0 V Notes: 3. 3.0 V VIN is possible according to the application condition. 4. Operating at high VIN can create excessive AC voltage overshoots on the SW-to-GND and BOOT-to-GND nodes during MOSFET switching transient. For reliable SPS operation, SW to GND and BOOT to GND must remain at or below the Absolute Maximum Ratings in the table above. © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 4 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Absolute Maximum Ratings Typical value is under VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V and TA=TJ=+ 25°C unless otherwise noted. Minimum / Maximum values are under VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V ± 10% and TJ=TA=-40 ~ 125°C unless otherwise noted. Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit 11 µA Basic Operation ICC_SD Quiescent Current with PWM and FCCM Pin Floating (PS4 Mode) ICC=IVCC + IPVCC, PWM=Floating, FCCM=Floating (Non-Switching) 6 ICC_HIGH Quiescent Current with PWM Pin ICC=IVCC + IPVCC, PWM=Floating, Floating and VFCCM=5 V FCCM=5 V 80 µA ICC_LOW Quiescent Current with PWM Pin ICC=IVCC + IPVCC, PWM=Floating, Floating and VFCCM=0 V FCCM=0V 120 µA VUVLO_RISE UVLO Rising Threshold VCC Rising 3.4 VUVLO_FALL UVLO Falling Threshold VCC Falling POR Delay to Enable IC VCC UVLO Rising to Internal PWM Enable IFCCM_HIGH Pull-Up Current VFCCM=5 V IFCCM_LOW Pull-Down Current VFCCM=0 V VIH_FCCM FCCM High Level Input Voltage VCC=PVCC=5 V 3.8 VTRI_FCCM FCCM 3-State Window VCC=PVCC=5 V 2.2 2.8 V VIL_FCCM FCCM Low Level Input Voltage VCC=PVCC=5 V 1.0 V tPS_EXIT PS4 Exit Latency VCC=PVCC=5 V 15 µs IPWM_HIGH Pull-Up Current VFCCM=5 V 250 µA IPWM_LOW Pull-Down Current VFCCM=0 V -250 µA tD_POR 2.5 3.9 V 3.0 V 15 µs FCCM Input 50 µA -50 µA V PWM Input VIH_PWM PWM High Level Input Voltage VCC=PVCC=5 V 4.1 VTRI_PWM PWM 3-State Window VCC=PVCC=5 V 1.6 VIL_PWM PWM Low Level Input Voltage VCC=PVCC=5 V 3-State Shut-off Time VCC=PVCC=5 V, TJ=25°C tD_HOLD-OFF 100 V 3.4 175 V 0.7 V 250 ns PWM Propagation Delays & Dead Times (VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V, fSW=1 MHz, IOUT=20 A, TA=25°C) tPD_PHGLL PWM HIGH Propagation Delay PWM Going HIGH to GL Going LOW, VIH_PWM to 90% GL 25 ns (5) tPD_PLGHL PWM LOW Propagation Delay PWM Going LOW to GH Going LOW, VIL_PWM to 90% GH 15 ns tPD_PHGHH PWM HIGH Propagation Delay (FCCM Held LOW) PWM Going HIGH to GH Going HIGH, VIH_PWM to 10% GH (FCCM=LOW, IL=0, Assumes DCM) 15 ns tPD_TSGHH Exiting 3-State Propagation Delay PWM (from 3-State) Going HIGH to GH Going HIGH, VIH_PWM to 10% GH 35 ns tPD_TSGLH Exiting 3-State Propagation Delay PWM (from 3-State) Going LOW to GL Going HIGH, VIL_PWM to 10% GL 35 ns tD_DEADON LS Off to HS On Adaptive Dead Time SW <= -0.2 V with GH <= 10%, PWM Transition LOW to HIGH 25 ns tD_DEADOFF HS Off to LS On Adaptive Dead Time SW <= -0.2 V with GL <= 10%, PWM Transition HIGH to LOW 20 ns Note: 5. GH = Gate High, internal gate pin of the high-side MOSFET. Continued on the following page… © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 5 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Electrical Characteristics Typical value is under VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V and TA=TJ=+ 25°C unless otherwise noted. Minimum / Maximum values are under VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V ± 10% and TJ=TA=-40 ~ 125°C unless otherwise noted. Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit 2.5 Ω 2.5 Ω High-Side Driver (HDRV, VCC = PVCC = 5 V) RSOURCE_GH Output Impedance, Sourcing Source Current=100 mA ISOURCE_GH Output Sourcing Peak Current GH=2.5 V RSINK_GH Output Impedance, Sinking Sink Current=100 mA ISINK_GH 1.0 2 1.0 A Output Sinking Peak Current GH=2.5 V 4 A tR_GH GH Rise Time GH=10% to 90%, CLOAD=3.0 nF 8 ns tF_GH GH Fall Time GH=90% to 10%, CLOAD=3.0 nF 8 ns Low-Side Driver (LDRV, VCC=PVCC = 5 V) RSOURCE_GL Output Impedance, Sourcing Source Current=100 mA ISOURCE_GL Output Sourcing Peak Current GL=2.5 V RSINK_GL Output Impedance, Sinking Sink Current=100 mA ISINK_GL 1.0 2.5 Ω 2 A 0.5 Ω Output Sinking Peak Current GL=2.5 V 4 A tR_GL GL Rise Time GL=10% to 90%, CLOAD=3.0 nF 8 ns tF_GL GL Fall Time GL=90% to 10%, CLOAD=3.0 nF 4 ns VF Forward-Voltage Drop IF=10 mA 0.6 V VR Breakdown Voltage IR=1 mA Boot Diode © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 30 V www.onsemi.com 6 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Electrical Characteristics 50 55 45 50 Module Output Current, Iout (A) Module Output Current, Iout (A) Test Conditions: VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V, VOUT=1 V, LOUT=250 nH, TA=25°C and natural convection cooling, unless otherwise noted. 40 35 PCB Temp 300kHz [C] 30 PCB Temp 1000kHz [C] 25 20 15 10 5 45 40 35 PCB Temp 1000kHz [C] 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 0 150 0 PCB Temp, TPCB (C) Figure 4. Safe Operating Area with 12 VIN Figure 5. 11.0 8.0 12Vi_1Vo_300kHz PVCC & VCC =5V, VOUT = 1V 12Vi_1Vo_500kHz 7.0 12Vi_1Vo_800kHz 12Vi_1Vo_1MHz Module Power Loss (W) 6.0 50 75 100 125 150 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 Safe Operating Area with 19 VIN 19Vi_1Vo_300kHz PVCC & VCC =5V, VOUT = 1V 19Vi_1Vo_500kHz 10.0 1.0 9.0 19Vi_1Vo_800kHz 8.0 19Vi_1Vo_1MHz 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0 5 Figure 6. 10 15 20 25 30 Load Current (A) 35 40 45 0 50 Power Loss vs. Output Current with 12 VIN 5 10 Figure 7. 15 20 25 30 35 Load Current (A) 40 45 50 55 Power Loss vs. Output Current with 19 VIN 1.4 1.4 PVCC & VCC =5V, VOUT = 1V. FSW = 500kHz, Iout = 30A Vin = 12V, PVCC & VCC =5V, VOUT = 1V, Iout = 30A 1.3 1.3 1.2 Normalized Module Power Loss (W) Normalized Module Power Loss (W) 25 PCB Temp, TPCB (C) 9.0 Module Power Loss (W) PCB Temp 300kHz [C] 30 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 4 6 Frequency (kHZ) Figure 8. 10 12 14 16 18 20 VIN (V) Power Loss vs. Switching Frequency © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 8 Figure 9. Power Loss vs. Input Voltage www.onsemi.com 7 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Typical Performance Characteristics Test Conditions: VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V, VOUT=1 V, LOUT=250 nH, TA=25°C and natural convection cooling, unless otherwise noted. 1.4 1.15 Vin = 12V, PVCC & VCC =5V, FSW = 500kHz, Iout = 30A 1.3 1.10 Normalized Power Loss (W) Normalized Module Power Loss (W) Vin =12V, VOUT = 1V. FSW = 500kHz, Iout = 30A 1.05 1.00 0.95 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.90 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 0.5 6.0 1 Figure 10. Power Loss vs. Driver Supply Voltage Figure 11. 2 2.5 3 3.5 Power Loss vs. Output Voltage 0.022 0.035 Vin = 12V, PVCC & VCC =5V, VOUT = 1V, Iout = 30A Vin =12V, VOUT = 1V. FSW = 500kHz, Iout = 30A Driver Supply Current, I PVCC +I VCC (A) Driver Supply Current, I PVCC +I VCC (A) 1.5 Module Output Voltage, Vout (V) Driver Supply Voltage, PVcc & Vcc (V) 0.030 0.025 0.020 0.015 0.020 0.018 0.016 0.014 0.012 0.010 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 4.0 1000 1100 Figure 12. 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 Driver Supply Voltage, PV cc & Vcc (V) Frequency (kHZ) Driver Supply Current vs. Switching Frequency Figure 13. Driver Supply Current vs. Driver Supply Voltage 1.06 12Vi_1Vo_300kHz Driver Supply Current, I PVCC +I VCC (A) 1.04 Vin = 12V, PVCC & VCC =5V, 12Vi_1Vo_1MHz 1.02 1.00 0.98 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.90 0 Figure 14. 5 10 15 20 25 30 Load Current (A) 35 40 45 50 Driver Supply Current vs. Output Current © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 8 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Typical Performance Characteristics Test Conditions: VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V, VOUT=1 V, LOUT=250 nH, TA=25°C and natural convection cooling, unless otherwise noted. 3.7 5.0 UVLOUP PWM Threshold Voltage, VPWM [V] Driver Supply Voltage, V CC [V] 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 UVLODN 2.9 -50 -25 Figure 15. 0 25 50 75 100 125 Driver IC Junction Temperature, T J [oC] 150 4.0 VTRI_HI 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 VTRI_LO 1.5 1.0 VIL_PWM 0.5 4.50 175 UVLO Threshold vs. Temperature 4.75 5.00 5.25 Driver Supply Voltage, VCC [V] Figure 16. 5.0 5.50 PWM Threshold vs. Driver Supply Voltage 4.0 VCC = 5V 4.5 TA = 25°C VIH_PWM FCCM Threshold Voltage, VFCCM [V] PWM Threshold Voltage, VPWM [V] VIH_PWM 0.0 2.8 4.0 VTRI_HI 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 VTRI_LO 1.5 1.0 VIL_PWM 0.5 0.0 VIH_FCCM 3.5 VTRI_HI_FCCM 3.0 2.5 VHIZ_FCCM 2.0 VTRI_LO_FCCM 1.5 VIL_FCCM 1.0 -50 -25 Figure 17. 0 25 50 75 100 125 Driver IC Junction Temperature, T J [oC] 150 175 4.50 PWM Threshold vs. Temperature 4.75 5.00 5.25 Driver Supply Voltage, VCC [V] Figure 18. 4 5.50 FCCM Threshold vs. Driver Supply Voltage 54 VCC = 5V VCC = 5V VIH_FCCM FCCM Pull-Up Current, IFCCM_HIGH [uA] FCCM Threshold Voltage, V FCCM [V] TA = 25°C 4.5 3.6 3.5 VTRI_HI_FCCM 3 2.5 VHIZ_FCCM 2 VTRI_LO_FCCM 1.5 VIL_FCCM -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 50 48 46 44 42 1 -50 52 -50 175 Driver IC Junction Temperature, T J [oC] Figure 19. 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Driver IC Junction Temperature, T J [oC] FCCM Threshold vs. Temperature © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 -25 Figure 20. FCCM Pull-Up Current vs. Temperature www.onsemi.com 9 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Typical Performance Characteristics Test Conditions: VIN=12 V, VCC=PVCC=5 V, VOUT=1 V, LOUT=250 nH, TA=25°C and natural convection cooling, unless otherwise noted. 800 10 VCC = 5V, PWM = floating, FCCM = floating Driver Shut-Down Current, ISHDN [uA] Boot Diode Forward Voltage, VF [mV] IF = 10mA 750 700 650 600 550 500 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Driver IC Junction Temperature, T J [oC] Figure 21. 150 175 Boot Diode Forward Voltage vs. Temperature -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Driver IC Junction Temperature, T J [oC] Figure 22. 150 175 Driver Shutdown Current vs. Temperature 150 Driver Quiescent Current, ICC [uA] VCC = 5V, PWM = floating 140 FCCM = 0V 130 120 110 100 90 FCCM = 5V 80 70 60 -50 Figure 23. -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Driver IC Junction Temperature, T J [oC] 150 175 Driver Quiescent Current vs. Temperature © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 10 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Typical Performance Characteristics VIL_PWM PWM tPD_PHGLL = PWM HI to GL LOW, VIH_PWM to 90% GL GL 90% 90% 10% 10% GH-PHASE (internal) 90% 90% 10% 10% tFALL_GL = 90% GL to 10% GL tD_DEADON = LS Off to HS On Dead Time, 10% GL to VBOOT-GND <= PVCC - VF_DBOOT - 1V tRISE_GH = 10% GH to 90% GH, VBOOT-GND <= PVCC VF_DBOOT - 1V to VSW_PEAK tPD_PLGHL = PWM LOW to GH LOW, VIL_PWM to 90% GH, tPD_PLGLH - tD_DEADOFF - tFALL_GH BOOT-GND tFALL_GH = 90% GH to 10% GH PVCC - VF_DBOOT - 1V tD_DEADOFF = HS Off to LS On Dead Time, VSW <= 0V to 10% GL tPD_PLGLH = PWM LOW to GL HI, VIL_PWM to 10% GL SW tRISE_GL = 10% GL to 90% GL tPD_PHGLL tD_DEADON tRISE_GH tFALL_GL tPD_PLGHL tD_DEADOFF tFALL_GH tRISE_GL tPD_PLGLH Figure 24. PWM Timing Diagram (7) (7) VIH_PWM(11) VIH_PWM VTRI_HI VTRI_HI(9) VTRI_LO(10) VTRI_LO VIL_PWM(12) VIL_PWM PWM 3-State Window 3-State Window (8) (8) GH-PHASE GL Figure 25. PWM Threshold Definition Notes: 6. The timing diagram in Figure 25 assumes very slow ramp on PWM. 7. Slow ramp of PWM implies the PWM signal remains within the 3-state window for a time >>> tD_HOLD-OFF. 8. VTRI_HI = PWM trip level to enter 3-state on PWM falling edge. 9. VTRI_LO = PWM trip level to enter 3-state on PWM rising edge. 10. VIH_PWM = PWM trip level to exit 3-state on PWM rising edge and enter the PWM HIGH logic state. 11. VIL_PWM = PWM trip level to exit 3-state on PWM falling edge and enter the PWM LOW logic state. © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 11 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module VIH_PWM The SPS FDMF301155 is a driver-plus-MOSFET module optimized for the synchronous buck converter topology. A PWM input signal is required to properly drive the high-side and the low-side MOSFETs. The part is capable of driving speed up to 1.5 MHz. HIGH, continuous conduction mode is forced. High impedance on the input of FCCM shuts down the driver IC (and module). Table 2. Power-On Reset (POR & UVLO) The FDMF301155 incorporates a POR feature that ensures both LDRV and HDRV are forced inactive (LDRV = HDRV = 0) until UVLO > 3.4 V (typical rising threshold). UVLO is performed on VCC (not on PVCC or VIN). After all gate drive blocks are fully powered on and have finished the startup sequence, the internal driver IC EN_PWM signal is released HIGH, enabling the driver outputs. Once the driver POR has finished, the driver follows the state of the PWM signal (it is assumed that at startup the controller is either in a highimpedance state or forcing the PWM signal to be within the driver 3-state window). Disable Figure 26. VCC [V] UVLO 3-State PWM Input FCCM GH GL 3-state 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 Driver Enable State x 3-State 0 0 0 (ICC < 6 µA) 3-State 0 0 0 1 3-State 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 when IL > 0 0 when IL < 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 The FDMF301155 requires four (4) input signals to perform normal switching operation: VIN, VCC / PVCC, PWM, and FCCM. The VIN pins are tied to the system main DC power rail. The PVCC and VCC pins are typically powered from the same 5 V source. These pins can be either tied directly together or tied together through an external RC filter. The filter resistor / capacitor is used to de-couple the switching noise from PVCC to VCC. Refer to Figure 1 for RC filter schematic. FCCM The FCCM pin can be used to control Diode Emulation or used to shutdown the driver IC (with ICC < 6 µA, ICC = current consumed by VCC and PVCC). When FCCM is LOW, diode emulation is allowed. When FCCM is © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 GL Power Sequence PWM Logic Table PWM GH (FCCM = HiZ Shutdown) Setting the FCCM pin to a HIGH impedance state (HiZ) will shutdown the driver IC with ICC < 6 µA. The FDMF301155 requires a startup latency time of (<15 µsec) when exiting a HiZ FCCM state. Low ICC driver shutdown is often needed to support power saving modes in multi-phase voltage regulator designs. The FDMF301155 incorporates a 3-state 5 V PWM input gate drive design. The 3-state gate drive has both logic HIGH and LOW levels, along with a 3-state shutdown window. When the PWM input signal enters and remains within the 3-state window for a defined hold-off time (tD_HOLD-OFF), both GL and GH are pulled LOW. This feature enables the gate drive to shutdown both the high-side and the low-side MOSFETs to support features such as phase shedding, a common feature on multi-phase voltage regulators. Table 1. FCCM (FCCM = 0 Diode Emulation / DCM) Setting the FCCM pin to a LOW state will enable diode emulation. Diode emulation allows for higher converter efficiency under light load situations. With diode emulation is activated, the FDMF301155 will detect the zero current crossing of the output inductor (at light loads) and will turn off low side MOSFET gate GL to prevent negative inductor current from flowing. Diode emulation ensures discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation. Diode emulation is asynchronous to the PWM signal. Therefore, the FDMF301155 will respond to the FCCM input immediately after it changes state. Enable 3.4 PWM (FCCM = 1 Forced CCM) Setting the FCCM pin to a HIGH state will allow for forced CCM operation. During forced CCM, the FDMF301155 will always follow the PWM signal and allow for negative inductor current. Driver State 3.0 FCCM Logic Table The FCCM pin can be tied to the VCC rail with an external pull-up resistor and it will maintain HIGH once the VCC rail turns on. Or the FCCM pin can be directly tied to the PWM controller for other purposes. www.onsemi.com 12 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Functional Description the high-side driver is developed by a bootstrap supply circuit, consisting of the internal Schottky diode and external bootstrap capacitor (CBOOT). During startup, the SW node should be held at PGND, allowing CBOOT to charge to PVCC through the internal bootstrap diode. When the PWM input goes HIGH, HDRV begins to charge the gate of the high-side MOSFET (internal GH pin). During this transition, the charge is removed from the CBOOT and delivered to the gate of Q1. As Q1 turns on, SW rises to VIN, forcing the BOOT pin to VIN + VBOOT, which provides sufficient VGS enhancement for Q1. To complete the switching cycle, Q1 is turned off by pulling HDRV to SW. CBOOT is then recharged to PVCC when the SW falls to PGND. HDRV output is in phase with the PWM input. The high-side gate is held LOW when the driver is disabled or the PWM signal is held within the 3-state window for longer than the 3-state hold-off time, tD_HOLD-OFF. Continuous Current Mode with Positive Inductor Current (CCM1) This condition is typical of a moderate-to-heavily loaded power stage. During this mode, the inductor current is always flowing towards the output capacitor. The highside MOSFET is hard-switching during the turn-on and turn-off events. The low-side MOSFET acts a synchronous rectifier. Continuous Current Mode with Negative Inductor Current (CCM2) This operating mode can occur during two situations: 1.) A converter load transient may force the power stage to pull energy from the output capacitors and deliver the energy back to the input capacitors (Boost Mode). This situation is common in synchronous buck applications that require output voltage load-line positioning. Low-Side Driver The low-side driver (LDRV) is designed to drive the gate-source of a ground-referenced, low-RDS(ON), N-channel MOSFET (Q2). The bias for LDRV is internally connected between the PVCC and AGND. When the driver is enabled, the driver output is 180° out of phase with the PWM input. When the driver is disabled (FCCM = 0 V), LDRV is held LOW. During this mode, the negative inductor current (current flowing into FDMF301155 SW node) may become large and persist for many cycles. This situation causes the low-side MOSFET to hard switch and the high-side MOSFET acts as a synchronous rectifier. It is highly recommended to check peak SW node voltage stress during any situation that can generate large negative inductor currents. 2.) A power stage that is operating in forced CCM mode with lighter converter loads. Here, the inductor peak-to-peak ripple current is greater than two times the load current and the inductor current is flowing both positive and negative in a switching cycle. Discontinuous Current Mode (DCM) This condition is typical of a lightly loaded power stage. During DCM, the high-side MOSFET turns on into an un-energized out filter inductor (i.e. zero inductor current). The inductor current ramps up during the highside MOSFET on-time and is then allowed to ramp back down to aero amps during the low-side on-time (i.e inductor current returns to zero every switching cycle. High-Side Driver The high-side driver (HDRV) is designed to drive a floating N-channel MOSFET (Q1). The bias voltage for © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 13 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Synchronous Buck Operating Modes PWM VIL_PWM 90% GH to SW 10% GL 10% 90% tPD_PHGLL tPD_PLGHL tD_DEADON tPD_THGHH tPD_PHGLL tD_DEADON tD_DEADOFF tPD_TLGLH tD_HOLD-OFF tD_HOLD-OFF SW Less than tD_HOLD-OFF Inductor Current Less than tD_HOLD-OFF 3-State GL / GH tHOLD_OFF off Window Figure 27. PWM 3-State Timing Diagram (FCCM held HIGH) VIH_FCCM FCCM VIL_FCCM VIH_PWM PWM VIL_PWM GH to SW 10% GL 90% 10% tPD_ZCD tPD_PHGHH Delay from PWM going HIGH to HS VGS HIGH [ HS turn-on in DCM ] SW 3-State GL / GH tHOLD_OFF off Window CCM (Pos. Inductor Current) Delay from FCCM going HIGH to LS VGS HIGH tPD_ZCD Delay from FCCM going HIGH to LS VGS HIGH tPS_EXIT VIN CCM (Neg. Inductor Current) DCM DCM VOUT Inductor Current SW (zoom) -0.5mV CCM operation with positive inductor current CCM operation with negative inductor current Figure 28. © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 DCM operation allowed: Diode Emulation using the GL (LS MOSFET VGS) to eliminate negative inductor current FCCM used to control negative inductor current DCM FCCM used to place driver IC is low power shutdown mode CCM FCCM 3-State Timing Diagram www.onsemi.com 14 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module VIH_PWM 3-State Window higher RBOOT value can cause lower efficiency due to high switching loss of high-side MOSFET. Decoupling Capacitor for PVCC & VCC For the supply inputs (PVCC and VCC pins), local decoupling capacitors are required to supply the peak driving current and to reduce noise during switching operation. Use at least 0.68 ~ 1 µF / 0402 ~ 0603 / X5R ~ X7R multi-layer ceramic capacitors for both power rails. Keep these capacitors close to the PVCC and VCC pins and PGND and AGND copper planes. If the de-coupling capacitors need to be located on the bottom side of board, place through-hole vias on each pad connecting top side and bottom side PVCC and VCC nodes with low impedance current paths, see Figure 30 and Figure 31. Do not add a capacitor or resistor between the BOOT pin and GND. PWM (Input) The PWM pin recognizes three different logic levels from PWM controller: HIGH, LOW, and 3-state. When the PWM pin receives a HIGH command, the gate driver turns on the high-side MOSFET. When the PWM pin receives a LOW command, the gate driver turns on the low-side MOSFET. When the PWM pin receives a voltage signal inside of the 3-state window (VTRI_Window) and exceeds the 3-state hold-off time, the gate driver turns off both high-side and low-side MOSFETs. To recognize the high-impedance 3-state signal from the controller, the PWM pin has an internal resistor divider from VCC to PWM to AGND. The resistor divider sets a voltage level on the PWM pin inside the 3-state window when the PWM signal from the controller is high-impedance. The supply voltage range on PVCC and VCC is 4.5 V ~ 5.5 V, and typically 5 V for normal applications. R-C Filter on VCC The PVCC pin provides power to the gate drive of the high-side and low-side power MOSFETs. In most cases, PVCC can be connected directly to VCC, which is the pin that provides power to the analog and logic blocks of the driver. To avoid switching noise injection from PVCC into VCC, a filter resistor can be inserted between PVCC and VCC decoupling capacitors. FCCM (Input) When the FCCM pin is set HIGH, the driver IC Zero Cross Detect (ZCD) comparator is disabled and the high-side and low-side MOSFETs switch in FCCM (Forced CCM) and follows the PWM signal. When the FCCM pin is set LOW, the low-side MOSFET turns off when the SPS driver detects negative inductor current during the low-side MOSFET turn-on period. This operating mode is commonly referred to as diode emulation. The diode emulation feature allows for higher converter efficiency during light-load condition and PFM / DCM operation. Recommended filter resistor value range is 0 ~ 4.7 Ω, typically 0 Ω for most applications. Bootstrap Circuit The bootstrap circuit uses a charge storage capacitor (CBOOT). A bootstrap capacitor of 0.1 ~ 0.22 µF / 0402 ~ 0603 / X5R ~ X7R is usually appropriate for most switching applications. A series bootstrap resistor may be needed for specific applications to lower high-side MOSFET switching speed. The boot resistor is required when the SPS is switching above 15 V VIN; when it is effective at controlling VSW overshoot. RBOOT value from zero to 4.7 Ω is typically recommended to reduce excessive voltage spike and ringing on the SW node. A © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 Applications that require diode emulation and/or low shutdown current should actively drive the FCCM pin from a PWM controller. Do not add any noise filter capacitor on the FCCM pin. www.onsemi.com 15 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Application Information Figure 29 shows an example diagram for power loss and efficiency measurement. Power loss calculation and equation examples: PIN = (VIN IIN) + (VCC ICC) PSW = VSW IOUT POUT = VOUT IOUT PLOSS_MODULE = PIN – PSW PLOSS_TOTAL = PIN – POUT EFFIMODULE = (PSW / PIN) 100 EFFITOTAL = (POUT / PIN) 100 [W] [W] [W] [W] [W] [%] [%] Pulse Generator PWM Power Supply 1 Power Supply 2 VIN / IIN VIN HS VCC / ICC GD PVCC LS VCC Figure 29. © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 Electronic Load VOUT VSW / IOUT VOUT / IOUT Fairchild SPS Evaluation Board Power Loss and Efficiency Measurement Diagram www.onsemi.com 16 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module Power Loss and Efficiency Figure 30 and Figure 31 provide an example of singlephase layout for the FDMF301155 and critical components. All of the high-current paths; such as VIN, SW, VOUT, and GND coppers; should be short and wide for low parasitic inductance and resistance. This helps achieve a more stable and evenly distributed current flow, along with enhanced heat radiation and system performance. ringing. Inserting a boot resistance lowers the SPS module efficiency. Efficiency versus switching noise must be considered. RBOOT values from 0.5 to 4.7 are typically effective in reducing VSW overshoot. The VIN and PGND pins handle large current transients with frequency components greater than 100 MHz. If possible, these pins should be connected directly to the VIN and board GND planes. The use of thermal relief traces in series with these pins is not recommended since this adds extra parasitic inductance to the power path. This added inductance in series with either the VIN or PGND pin degrades system noise immunity by increasing positive and negative VSW ringing. Input ceramic bypass capacitors must be close to the VIN and PGND pins. This reduces the high-current power loop inductance and the input current ripple induced by the power MOSFET switching operation. The SW copper trace serves two purposes. In addition to being the high-frequency current path from the SPS package to the output inductor, it serves as a heat sink for the low-side MOSFET. The trace should be short and wide enough to present a low-impedance path for the high-frequency, high-current flow between the SPS and the inductor. The short and wide trace minimizes electrical losses and SPS temperature rise. The SW node is a high-voltage and high-frequency switching node with high noise potential. Care should be taken to minimize coupling to adjacent traces. Since this copper trace acts as a heat sink for the low-side MOSFET, balance using the largest area possible to improve SPS cooling while maintaining acceptable noise emission. PGND pad and pins should be connected to the GND copper plane with multiple vias for stable grounding. Poor grounding can create a noisy and transient offset voltage level between PGND and AGND. This could lead to faulty operation of gate driver and MOSFETs. Ringing at the BOOT pin is most effectively controlled by close placement of the boot capacitor. Do not add any additional capacitors between BOOT to PGND. This may lead to excess current flow through the BOOT diode, causing high power dissipation. The FCCM pin integrates weak internal pull-up and pulldown current sources. The current sources are used to help hold the FCCM in the 3-state window. This pin should not have any noise filter capacitors if actively driven by a PWM controller. Do not float this pin. An output inductor should be located close to the FDMF301155 to minimize the power loss due to the SW copper trace. Care should also be taken so the inductor dissipation does not heat the SPS. Multiple vias should be placed on the VIN and VOUT copper areas to interconnect nodes that are located on multiple layers (top, inner, and bottom layers). The vias help to evenly distribute current flow and heat conduction. ® PowerTrench MOSFETs are used in the output stage and are effective at minimizing ringing due to fast switching. In most cases, no RC snubber on SW node is required. If a snubber is used, it should be placed close to the SW and PGND pins. The resistor and capacitor of the snubber must be sized properly to not generate excessive heating due to high power dissipation. Care should be taken when routing the copper pour area and via placement on the SW copper. A large SW node copper pour can result in excessive parasitic inductance and capacitance, which can increase switching noise. However, the copper pour area and via placement can affect the efficiency and thermal performance, where a large copper pour can help decrease thermal resistance and parasitic resistance. If possible, place the SW node copper on the top layer with no vias on the SW copper to minimize switch node parasitic noise. If multiple SW node layers are needed, vias should be relatively large and of reasonably low inductance. Decoupling capacitors on PVCC, VCC, and BOOT capacitors should be placed as close as possible to the PVCC ~ PGND, VCC ~ AGND, and BOOT ~ PHASE pin pairs to ensure clean and stable power supply. Their routing traces should be wide and short to minimize parasitic PCB resistance and inductance. The board layout should include a placeholder for smallvalue series boot resistor on BOOT ~ PHASE. The bootloop size, including series RBOOT and CBOOT, should be as small as possible. Critical high-frequency components; such as RBOOT, CBOOT, RC snubber, and bypass capacitors; should be located as close to the respective SPS module pins as possible on the top layer of the PCB. If this is not feasible, they can be placed on the board bottom side and their pins connected from bottom to top through a network of low-inductance vias. A boot resistor may be required when the SPS is operating above 15 V VIN and it is effective to control the high-side MOSFET turn-on slew rate and SW voltage overshoot. RBOOT can improve noise operating margin in synchronous buck designs that may have noise issues due to ground bounce or high positive and negative VSW © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 17 FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module PCB Layout Guideline FDMF301155 — Smart Power Stage (SPS) Module PCB Layout Guideline (Continued) Figure 30. Figure 31. Single-Phase Board Layout Example – Top View Single-Phase Board Layout Example – Bottom View (Mirrored) © 2015 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC FDMF301155 • Rev. 1.0 www.onsemi.com 18 0.10 0.05 3.80±0.10 (0.85) C.L. 0.50 (2X) 0.30 16 0.40 1.03 1.92±0.10 17 18 19 20 0.40 15 24 14 25 13 26 12 33 0.45 11 1.03±0.10 0.35 0.15 0.85 21 22 23 C.L. 0.55 0.30 27 0.30 28 0.55 (0.22) 29 32 10 30 1.03±0.10 31 9 0.40 C A B C 7 8 5 6 4 3 2 1 0.50 0.30 PIN #1 INDICATOR 0.30 0.20 (31X) 0.50 (0.38) 1.98±0.10 1.32±0.10 0.50 B 0.10 C 5.00±0.10 2X PIN#1 INDICATOR SEE DETAIL 'A' A C.L. 8 9 31 NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED C.L. 5.00±0.10 15 24 16 0.10 C 23 2X 0.10 C 0.80 0.70 0.08 C 0.30 0.20 SCALE: 2:1 0.05 0.00 C SEATING PLANE A) DOES NOT FULLY CONFORM TO JEDEC REGISTRATION MO-220, DATED MAY/2005. B) ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C) DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE BURRS OR MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH OR BURRS DOES NOT EXCEED 0.10MM. D) DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M-1994. E) DRAWING FILE NAME: MKT-PQFN31BREV3 1.90 2.10 2.15 2.70 0.00 0.90 1.37 2.70 2.10 1.95 1.90 1.75 C.L. 23 16 2.70 0.60 0.40 0.05 0.00 2.10 1.90 1.75 26 27 C.L. 28 29 0.50 TYP 30 1.90 12 33 11 0.10 0.27 0.62 32 31 9 0.60(13X) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0.20 LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION 2.10 0.34 0.07 0.30 (13X) 0.50 TYP 1.76 5.40 15 24 1.90 1.75 1.90 2.10 ON Semiconductor and are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC dba ON Semiconductor or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. ON Semiconductor owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of ON Semiconductor’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent−Marking.pdf. ON Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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