Microchip MCP79400 Battery-backed i2c real-time clock/calendar with sram and protected eeprom Datasheet

MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
Battery-Backed I2C Real-Time Clock/Calendar with
SRAM and Protected EEPROM
Device Selection Table
Part Number
Operating Ranges
Protected EEPROM
MCP79400
Unprogrammed
MCP79401
EUI-48™
MCP79402
EUI-64™
Timekeeping Features
• Real-Time Clock/Calendar (RTCC):
- Hours, Minutes, Seconds, Day of Week, Day,
Month, Year
- Leap year compensated to 2399
- 12/24-hour modes
• Oscillator for 32.768 kHz Crystals:
- Optimized for 6-9 pF crystals
• On-Chip Digital Trimming/Calibration:
- ±1 ppm resolution
- ±129 ppm
• Dual Programmable Alarms
• Versatile Output Pin:
- Clock output with selectable frequency
- Alarm output
- General purpose output
• Power-Fail Time-Stamp:
- Time logged on switchover to and from
Battery mode
Low-Power Features
• Wide Voltage Range:
- Operating voltage range of 1.8V to 5.5V
- Backup voltage range of 1.3V to 5.5V
• Low Typical Timekeeping Current:
- Operating from VCC: 1.2 µA at 3.3V
- Operating from battery backup: 925 nA at
3.0V
• Automatic Switchover to Battery Backup
User Memory
• 64-Byte Battery-Backed SRAM
• 64-Bit Protected EEPROM Area:
- Robust write unlock sequence
- EUI-48™ MAC address (MCP79401)
- EUI-64™ MAC address (MCP79402)
- Custom programming available
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
• 2-Wire Serial Interface, I2C Compatible:
- I2C clock rate up to 400 kHz
• Temperature Range:
- Industrial (I): -40°C to +85°C
Packages
• 8-Lead SOIC, MSOP, TSSOP and 2x3 TDFN
General Description
The MCP7940X Real-Time Clock/Calendar (RTCC)
tracks time using internal counters for hours, minutes,
seconds, days, months, years, and day of week.
Alarms can be configured on all counters up to and
including months. For usage and configuration, the
MCP7940X supports I2C communications up to
400 kHz.
The open-drain, multi-functional output can be
configured to assert on an alarm match, to output a
selectable frequency square wave or as a general
purpose output.
The MCP7940X is designed to operate using a
32.768 kHz tuning fork crystal with external crystal
load capacitors. On-chip digital trimming can be used
to adjust for frequency variance caused by crystal
tolerance and temperature.
SRAM and timekeeping circuitry are powered from the
back-up supply when main power is lost, allowing the
device to maintain accurate time and the SRAM
contents. The times when the device switches over to
the back-up supply and when primary power returns
are both logged by the power-fail time-stamp.
The MCP7940X features 64 bits of EEPROM which is
only writable after an unlock sequence, making it ideal
for storing a unique ID or other critical information. The
MCP79401 and MCP79402 are pre-programmed with
EUI-48 and EUI-64 addresses, respectively. Custom
programming is also available.
Package Types
SOIC, TSSOP, MSOP
TDFN
X1
1
8
VCC
X2
2
7
MFP
VBAT
3
6
SCL
VSS
4
5
SDA
X1 1
X2 2
VBAT 3
VSS 4
8
7
6
5
VCC
MFP
SCL
SDA
DS20005009F-page 1
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
FIGURE 1-1:
TYPICAL APPLICATION SCHEMATIC
VCC
VCC
VCC
8
VCC
6
PIC®
MCU
5
7
SCL
MCP7940X
2
SDA
X2
MFP
VBAT
VBAT
BLOCK DIAGRAM
VCC
Power Control
and Switchover
VSS
VBAT
SCL
SDA
CX2
3
VSS
4
FIGURE 1-2:
CX1
1
32.768 KHZ
X1
Power-Fail
Time-Stamp
Control Logic
I2C Interface
and Addressing
Configuration
Seconds
SRAM
EEPROM
Minutes
X1
32.768 kHz
Oscillator
Hours
Clock Divider
X2
Day of Week
Digital Trimming
Square Wave
Output
Date
Alarms
Month
Year
MFP
DS20005009F-page 2
Output Logic
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
1.0
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Absolute Maximum Ratings (†)
VCC.............................................................................................................................................................................6.5V
All inputs and outputs (except SDA and SCL) w.r.t. VSS .....................................................................-0.6V to VCC +1.0V
SDA and SCL w.r.t. VSS ............................................................................................................................... -0.6V to 6.5V
Storage temperature ...............................................................................................................................-65°C to +150°C
Ambient temperature with power applied................................................................................................-40°C to +125°C
ESD protection on all pins........................................................................................................................................ ≥4 kV
† NOTICE: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the
device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those
indicated in the operational listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability.
TABLE 1-1:
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Characteristics:
Industrial (I):
VCC = +1.8V to 5.5V
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param.
Symbol
No.
Characteristic
Min.
Typ.(2)
Max.
Units
TA = -40°C to +85°C
Conditions
D1
VIH
High-Level Input Voltage
0.7 VCC
—
—
V
D2
VIL
Low-Level Input Voltage
—
—
0.3 VCC
V
—
—
0.2 VCC
V
VCC < 2.5V
—
—
V
Note 1
—
0.40
V
IOL = 3.0 mA; VCC = 4.5V
D3
VHYS
D4
VOL
Hysteresis of Schmitt
Trigger Inputs
(SDA, SCL pins)
0.05
VCC
Low-Level Output Voltage
(MFP, SDA pins)
—
VCC ≥ 2.5V
IOL = 2.1 mA; VCC = 2.5V
D5
ILI
Input Leakage Current
—
—
±1
µA
VIN = VSS or VCC
D6
ILO
Output Leakage Current
—
—
±1
µA
VOUT = VSS or VCC
D7
CIN,
COUT
Pin Capacitance
(SDA, SCL, MFP pins)
—
—
10
pF
VCC = 5.0V (Note 1)
TA = 25°C, f = 1 MHz
D8
COSC
Oscillator Pin Capacitance
(X1, X2 pins)
—
3
—
pF
Note 1
ICCEERD EEPROM Operating
ICCEEWR Current
—
—
400
µA
VCC = 5.5V, SCL = 400 kHz
—
—
3
mA
VCC = 5.5V
ICCREAD SRAM/RTCC Register
ICCWRITE Operating Current
—
—
300
µA
VCC = 5.5V, SCL = 400 kHz
D9
D10
—
—
400
µA
VCC = 5.5V, SCL = 400 kHz
VCC Data-Retention Current
(oscillator off)
—
—
1
µA
SCL, SDA, VCC = 5.5V
ICCT
Timekeeping Current
—
1.2
—
µA
VCC = 3.3V (Note 1)
D13
VTRIP
Power-Fail Switchover
Voltage
1.3
1.5
1.7
V
D14
VBAT
Backup Supply Voltage
Range
1.3
—
5.5
V
Note 1:
2:
This parameter is not tested but ensured by characterization.
Typical measurements taken at room temperature.
D11
ICCDAT
D12
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
Note 1
DS20005009F-page 3
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
TABLE 1-1:
DC CHARACTERISTICS
DC CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Param.
Symbol
No.
D15
D16
Note 1:
2:
IBATT
IBATDAT
Characteristic
Timekeeping Backup
Current
VBAT Data-Retention
Current (oscillator off)
Electrical Characteristics:
Industrial (I):
VCC = +1.8V to 5.5V
TA = -40°C to +85°C
Min.
Typ.(2)
Max.
Units
—
—
850
nA
VBAT = 1.3V, VCC = VSS
(Note 1)
—
925
1200
nA
VBAT = 3.0V, VCC = VSS
(Note 1)
—
—
9000
nA
VBAT = 5.5V, VCC = VSS
(Note 1)
—
—
750
nA
VBAT = 3.6V, VCC = VSS
Conditions
This parameter is not tested but ensured by characterization.
Typical measurements taken at room temperature.
DS20005009F-page 4
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
TABLE 1-1:
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Characteristics:
Industrial (I):
VCC = +1.8V to 5.5V
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param.
Symbol
No.
1
FCLK
2
THIGH
3
TLOW
4
TR
5
TF
Characteristic
Clock Frequency
Clock High Time
Clock Low Time
7
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Conditions
—
—
100
kHz
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
—
—
400
kHz
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
4000
—
—
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
600
—
—
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
4700
—
—
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
1300
—
—
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
SDA and SCL Rise Time
(Note 1)
—
—
1000
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
—
—
300
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
SDA and SCL Fall Time
(Note 1)
—
—
1000
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
—
—
300
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
4000
—
—
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
600
—
—
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
4700
—
—
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
600
—
—
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
THD:STA Start Condition Hold Time
6
TA = -40°C to +85°C
TSU:STA Start Condition Setup Time
8
THD:DAT Data Input Hold Time
0
—
—
ns
Note 2
9
TSU:DAT Data Input Setup Time
250
—
—
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
100
—
—
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
10
TSU:STO Stop Condition Setup Time
4000
—
—
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
600
—
—
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
—
—
3500
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
11
TAA
12
TBUF
Output Valid from Clock
Bus Free Time: Bus time
must be free before a new
transmission can start
—
—
900
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
4700
—
—
ns
1.8V ≤ VCC < 2.5V
1300
—
—
ns
2.5V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5V
Note 1
13
TSP
Input Filter Spike
Suppression
(SDA and SCL pins)
—
—
50
ns
14
TWC
Write Cycle Time (byte or
page)
—
—
5
ms
15
TFVCC
VCC Fall Time
300
—
—
µs
Note 1
16
TRVCC
VCC Rise Time
0
—
—
µs
Note 1
17
FOSC
Oscillator Frequency
—
32.768
—
kHz
18
TOSF
Oscillator Timeout Period
1
—
—
ms
1M
—
—
cycles
19
Endurance
Note 1:
2:
3:
Note 1
Page Mode,
25°C,VCC = 5.5V
(Note 3)
Not 100% tested.
As a transmitter, the device must provide an internal minimum delay time to bridge the undefined region
(minimum 300 ns) of the falling edge of SCL to avoid unintended generation of Start or Stop conditions.
This parameter is not tested but ensured by characterization.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 5
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
I2C BUS TIMING DATA
FIGURE 1-3:
5
SCL
7
SDA
In
D3
2
3
8
9
4
10
6
13
12
11
SDA
Out
FIGURE 1-4:
POWER SUPPLY TRANSITION TIMING
VCC
VTRIP(MAX)
VTRIP(MIN)
15
DS20005009F-page 6
16
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
2.0
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVE
Note:
The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of
samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein
are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data represented may be outside the specified
operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore, outside the warranted range.
IBATT Current (µA)
FIGURE 2-1:
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
1.30
TIMEKEEPING BACKUP
CURRENT VS. BACKUP
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
TA = -40°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
-40
25
85
1.90
2.50
3.10
3.70
4.30
4.90
5.50
VBAT Voltage (V)
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 7
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
3.0
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1.
TABLE 3-1:
Name
X1
X2
VBAT
VSS
SDA
SCL
MFP
VCC
Note:
3.1
PIN FUNCTION TABLE
8-pin
SOIC
8-pin
MSOP
8-pin
TSSOP
8-pin
TDFN
Function
1
1
1
1
Quartz Crystal Input, External Oscillator Input
2
2
2
2
Quartz Crystal Output
3
3
3
3
Battery Backup Supply Input
4
4
4
4
Ground
5
5
5
5
Bidirectional Serial Data (I2C)
6
6
6
6
Serial Clock (I2C)
7
7
7
7
Multifunction Pin
8
8
8
8
Primary Power Supply
Exposed pad on TFDN can be connected to VSS or left floating.
Oscillator Input/Output (X1, X2)
These pins are used as the connections for an external
32.768 kHz quartz crystal and load capacitors. X1 is
the crystal oscillator input and X2 is the output. The
MCP7940X is designed to allow for the use of external
load capacitors in order to provide additional flexibility
when choosing external crystals. The MCP7940X is
optimized for crystals with a specified load capacitance
of 6-9 pF.
3.5
Multifunction Pin (MFP)
This is an output pin used for the alarm and square
wave output functions. It can also serve as a general
purpose output pin by controlling the OUT bit in the
CONTROL register.
The MFP is an open-drain output and requires a pull-up
resistor to VCC (typically 10 kΩ). This pin may be left
floating if not used.
X1 also serves as the external clock input when the
MCP7940X is configured to use an external oscillator.
3.2
Backup Supply (VBAT)
This is the input for a backup supply to maintain the
RTCC and SRAM registers during the time when VCC
is unavailable.
If the battery backup feature is not being used, the
VBAT pin should be connected to VSS.
3.3
Serial Data (SDA)
This is a bidirectional pin used to transfer addresses
and data into and out of the device. It is an open-drain
terminal. Therefore, the SDA bus requires a pull-up
resistor to VCC (typically 10 kΩ for 100 kHz, 2 kΩ for
400 kHz). For normal data transfer, SDA is allowed to
change only during SCL low. Changes during SCL high
are reserved for indicating the Start and Stop
conditions.
3.4
Serial Clock (SCL)
This input is used to synchronize the data transfer to
and from the device.
DS20005009F-page 8
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
4.0
I2C BUS CHARACTERISTICS
4.1.1.4
4.1
I2C Interface
The state of the data line represents valid data when,
after a Start condition, the data line is stable for the
duration of the high period of the clock signal.
The MCP7940X supports a bidirectional 2-wire bus and
data transmission protocol. A device that sends data
onto the bus is defined as transmitter, and a device
receiving data as receiver. The bus has to be controlled
by a master device which generates the Start and Stop
conditions, while the MCP7940X works as slave. Both
master and slave can operate as transmitter or
receiver, but the master device determines which mode
is activated.
4.1.1
The data on the line must be changed during the low
period of the clock signal. There is one bit of data per
clock pulse.
Each data transfer is initiated with a Start condition and
terminated with a Stop condition. The number of the
data bytes transferred between the Start and Stop
conditions is determined by the master device.
4.1.1.5
BUS CHARACTERISTICS
The following bus protocol has been defined:
• Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus
is not busy.
• During data transfer, the data line must remain
stable whenever the clock line is high. Changes in
the data line while the clock line is high will be
interpreted as a Start or Stop condition.
Note 1: The MCP7940X does not generate an
Acknowledge bit in response to an
EEPROM control byte if an internal
EEPROM programming cycle is in
progress, but the SRAM and RTCC
registers can still be accessed.
Bus Not Busy (A)
2: The I2C interface is disabled while
operating from the backup power supply.
Both data and clock lines remain high.
4.1.1.2
Start Data Transfer (B)
A high-to-low transition of the SDA line while the clock
(SCL) is high determines a Start condition. All
commands must be preceded by a Start condition.
4.1.1.3
Stop Data Transfer (C)
A low-to-high transition of the SDA line while the clock
(SCL) is high determines a Stop condition. All
operations must end with a Stop condition.
FIGURE 4-1:
(A)
Acknowledge
Each receiving device, when addressed, is obliged to
generate an Acknowledge signal after the reception of
each byte. The master device must generate an extra
clock pulse which is associated with this Acknowledge
bit.
Accordingly, the following bus conditions have been
defined (Figure 4-1).
4.1.1.1
Data Valid (D)
A device that acknowledges must pull down the SDA
line during the Acknowledge clock pulse in such a way
that the SDA line is stable-low during the high period of
the Acknowledge-related clock pulse. Of course, setup
and hold times must be taken into account. During
reads, a master must signal an end of data to the slave
by NOT generating an Acknowledge bit on the last byte
that has been clocked out of the slave. In this case, the
slave (MCP7940X) will leave the data line high to
enable the master to generate the Stop condition.
DATA TRANSFER SEQUENCE ON THE SERIAL BUS
(B)
(D)
Start
Condition
Address or
Acknowledge
Valid
(D)
(C)
(A)
SCL
SDA
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
Data
Allowed
to Change
Stop
Condition
DS20005009F-page 9
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
FIGURE 4-2:
ACKNOWLEDGE TIMING
Acknowledge
Bit
SCL
1
SDA
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
DEVICE ADDRESSING
The control byte is the first byte received following the
Start condition from the master device (Figure 4-3).
The control byte begins with a 4-bit control code. For
the MCP7940X, this is set as ‘1010’ for EEPROM read
and write operations, and ‘1101’ for SRAM/RTCC
register read and write operations. The next three bits
are non-configurable Chip Select bits that must always
be set to ‘1’.
Receiver must release the SDA line at this point
so the Transmitter can continue sending data.
FIGURE 4-3:
DS20005009F-page 10
CONTROL BYTE FORMAT
Acknowledge Bit
Read/Write Bit
Start Bit
Chip Select
Bits
Control Code
S
1
The last bit of the control byte defines the operation to
be performed. When set to a ‘1’ a read operation is
selected, and when set to a ‘0’ a write operation is
selected.
The combination of the 4-bit control code and the three
Chip Select bits is called the slave address. Upon
receiving a valid slave address, the slave device
outputs an acknowledge signal on the SDA line.
Depending on the state of the R/W bit, the MCP7940X
will select a read or a write operation.
3
Data from transmitter
Data from transmitter
Transmitter must release the SDA line at this point
allowing the Receiver to pull the SDA line low to
acknowledge the previous eight bits of data.
4.1.2
2
1
0
1
1
1
1
R/W ACK
RTCC Register/SRAM Control Byte
OR
EEPROM Control Byte
S
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
R/W ACK
Slave Address
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.0
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The MCP7940X is a highly-integrated Real-Time
Clock/Calendar (RTCC). Using an on-board, low-power
oscillator, the current time is maintained in seconds,
minutes, hours, day of week, date, month, and year. The
MCP7940X also features 64 bytes of general purpose
SRAM and eight bytes of protected EEPROM. Two
alarm modules allow interrupts to be generated at
specific times with flexible comparison options. Digital
trimming can be used to compensate for inaccuracies
inherent with crystals. Using the backup supply input
and an integrated power switch, the MCP7940X will
automatically switch to backup power when primary
power is unavailable, allowing the current time and the
SRAM contents to be maintained. The time-stamp
module captures the time when primary power is lost
and when it is restored.
The RTCC configuration and status registers are used to
access all of the modules featured on the MCP7940X.
FIGURE 5-1:
5.1
Memory Organization
The MCP7940X features three different blocks of
memory: the RTCC registers, general purpose SRAM,
and protected EEPROM. The RTCC registers and
SRAM share the same address space, accessed
through the ‘1101111X’ control byte. The protected
EEPROM is in a separate address space and is
accessed using the ‘1010111X’ control byte
(Figure 5-1). Unused locations are not accessible. The
MCP7940X will not acknowledge if the address is out of
range, as shown in the shaded region of the memory
map in Figure 5-1.
The RTCC registers are contained in addresses
0x00-0x1F. Table 5-1 shows the detailed RTCC register
map. There are 64 bytes of user-accessible SRAM,
located in the address range 0x20-0x5F. The SRAM is a
separate block from the RTCC registers. All RTCC
registers and SRAM locations are maintained while
operating from backup power.
The protected EEPROM section is located in addresses
0xF0-0xF7.
MEMORY MAP
RTCC Registers/SRAM
EEPROM
0x00
0x00
Time and Date
0x06
0x07
0x09
0x0A
Configuration and Trimming
Alarm 0
0x10
0x11
Alarm 1
0x17
0x18
Unimplemented; device does not ACK
Power-Fail Time-Stamp
0x1F
0x20
SRAM (64 Bytes)
0x5F
0x60
0xEF
0xF0
Unimplemented; device does not ACK
Protected EEPROM (8 Bytes)
EUI-48/EUI-64 Node Address
0xF7
0xF8
Unimplemented; device does not ACK
0xFF
0xFF
I2C Address: 1101111x
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
I2C Address: 1010111x
DS20005009F-page 11
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
TABLE 5-1:
DETAILED RTCC REGISTER MAP
Address Register Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Section 5.3 “Timekeeping”
00h
RTCSEC
ST
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
01h
RTCMIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
02h
RTCHOUR
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
03h
RTCWKDAY
—
—
OSCRUN
PWRFAIL
VBATEN
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
04h
RTCDATE
—
—
DATETEN1
05h
RTCMTH
—
—
LPYR
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
06h
RTCYEAR
YRTEN3
YRTEN2
YRTEN1
YRTEN0
YRONE3
YRONE2
YRONE1
YRONE0
07h
CONTROL
OUT
SQWEN
ALM1EN
ALM0EN
EXTOSC
CRSTRIM
SQWFS1
SQWFS0
SIGN
TRIMVAL6
TRIMVAL5
TRIMVAL4
TRIMVAL3
TRIMVAL2
TRIMVAL1
TRIMVAL0
08h
OSCTRIM
09h
EEUNLOCK
DATETEN0 DATEONE3 DATEONE2 DATEONE1 DATEONE0
MTHONE0
Protected EEPROM Unlock Register (not a physical register)
Section 5.4 “Alarms”
0Ah
ALM0SEC
—
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
0Bh
ALM0MIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
0Ch
ALM0HOUR
—
12/24(2)
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
0Dh
ALM0WKDAY
ALM0IF
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
ALMPOL
ALM0MSK2 ALM0MSK1 ALM0MSK0
0Eh
ALM0DATE
—
—
DATETEN1
0Fh
ALM0MTH
—
—
—
10h
Reserved
11h
ALM1SEC
—
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
12h
ALM1MIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
13h
ALM1HOUR
—
12/24(2)
AM/PM
HRTEN1
14h
ALM1WKDAY
15h
ALM1DATE
16h
ALM1MTH
17h
Reserved
DATETEN0 DATEONE3 DATEONE2 DATEONE1 DATEONE0
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
ALM1IF
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
Reserved – Do not use
Section 5.4 “Alarms”
ALMPOL(3) ALM1MSK2 ALM1MSK1 ALM1MSK0
—
—
DATETEN1
—
—
—
DATETEN0 DATEONE3 DATEONE2 DATEONE1 DATEONE0
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
Reserved – Do not use
Section 5.7.1 “Power-Fail Time-Stamp”
18h
PWRDNMIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
19h
PWRDNHOUR
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
1Ah
PWRDNDATE
—
—
DATETEN1
1Bh
PWRDNMTH
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
1Ch
PWRUPMIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
1Dh
PWRUPHOUR
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
1Eh
PWRUPDATE
—
—
DATETEN1
1Fh
PWRUPMTH
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
DATETEN0 DATEONE3 DATEONE2 DATEONE1 DATEONE0
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
Section 5.7.1 “Power-Fail Time-Stamp”
Note 1:
2:
3:
DATETEN0 DATEONE3 DATEONE2 DATEONE1 DATEONE0
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
Grey areas are unimplemented.
The 12/24 bits in the ALMxHOUR registers are read-only and reflect the value of the 12/24 bit in the RTCHOUR
register.
The ALMPOL bit in the ALM1WKDAY register is read-only and reflects the value of the ALMPOL bit in the
ALM0WKDAY register.
DS20005009F-page 12
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.2
Oscillator Configuration
EQUATION 5-1:
The MCP7940X can be operated in two different
oscillator configurations: using an external crystal or
using an external clock input.
5.2.1
Figure 5-2 shows the pin connections when using an
external crystal.
FIGURE 5-2:
CRYSTAL OPERATION
MCP7940X
X1
CX 1
To Internal
Logic
Quartz
Crystal
CX 2
ST
X2
Note 1: The ST bit must be set to enable the
crystal oscillator circuit.
2: Always verify oscillator performance over
the voltage and temperature range that is
expected for the application.
5.2.1.1
Choosing Load Capacitors
CL is the effective load capacitance as seen by the
crystal, and includes the physical load capacitors, pin
capacitance, and stray board capacitance. Equation 5-1
can be used to calculate CL.
CX1 and CX2 are the external load capacitors. They
must be chosen to match the selected crystal’s
specified load capacitance.
Note:
C X1  C X2
C L = -------------------------- + C STRAY
CX1 + CX2
EXTERNAL CRYSTAL
The crystal oscillator circuit on the MCP7940X is
designed to operate with a standard 32.768 kHz tuning
fork crystal and matching external load capacitors. By
using external load capacitors, the MCP7940X allows
for a wide selection of crystals. Suitable crystals have a
load capacitance (CL) of 6-9 pF. Crystals with a load
capacitance of 12.5 pF are not recommended.
LOAD CAPACITANCE
CALCULATION
Where:
C L = Effective load capacitance
C X1 = Capacitor value on X1 + C OSC
C X2 = Capacitor value on X2 + C OSC
C STRAY = PCB stray capacitance
5.2.1.2
Layout Considerations
The oscillator circuit should be placed on the same
side of the board as the device. Place the oscillator
circuit close to the respective oscillator pins. The load
capacitors should be placed next to the oscillator
itself, on the same side of the board.
Use a grounded copper pour around the oscillator
circuit to isolate it from surrounding circuits. The
grounded copper pour should be routed directly to VSS.
Do not run any signal traces or power traces inside the
ground pour. Also, if using a two-sided board, avoid any
traces on the other side of the board where the crystal
is placed.
Layout suggestions are shown in Figure 5-3. In-line
packages may be handled with a single-sided layout
that completely encompasses the oscillator pins. With
fine-pitch packages, it is not always possible to
completely surround the pins and components. A
suitable solution is to tie the broken guard sections to a
mirrored ground layer. In all cases, the guard trace(s)
must be returned to ground.
For additional information and design guidance on
oscillator circuits, please refer to these Microchip
Application Notes, available at the corporate web site
(www.microchip.com):
• AN1365, “Recommended Usage of Microchip
Serial RTCC Devices”
• AN1519, “Recommended Crystals for Microchip
Stand-Alone Real-Time Clock Calendar Devices”
If the load capacitance is not correctly
matched to the chosen crystal’s specified
value, the crystal may give a frequency
outside of the crystal manufacturer’s
specifications.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 13
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
FIGURE 5-3:
SUGGESTED PLACEMENT OF THE OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT
Single-Sided and In-line Layouts:
Copper Pour
(tied to ground)
Fine-Pitch (Dual-Sided) Layouts:
Oscillator
Crystal
Top Layer Copper Pour
(tied to ground)
Bottom Layer
Copper Pour
(tied to ground)
X1
X1
CX1
CX1
X2
GND
CX2
Oscillator
Crystal
GND
CX2
`
X2
DEVICE PINS
DEVICE PINS
5.2.2
5.2.3
EXTERNAL CLOCK INPUT
A 32.768 kHz external clock source can be connected
to the X1 pin (Figure 5-4). When using this
configuration, the X2 pin should be left floating.
Note:
The EXTOSC bit must be set to enable an
external clock source.
FIGURE 5-4:
EXTERNAL CLOCK INPUT
OPERATION
FIGURE 5-5:
The MCP7940X features an oscillator failure flag,
OSCRUN, that indicates whether or not the oscillator is
running. The OSCRUN bit is automatically set after 32
oscillator cycles are detected. If no oscillator cycles are
detected for more than TOSF, then the OSCRUN bit is
automatically cleared (Figure 5-5). This can occur if the
oscillator is stopped by clearing the ST bit or due to
oscillator failure.
MCP7940X
X1
Clock from
Ext. Source
OSCILLATOR FAILURE STATUS
OSCILLATOR FAILURE STATUS TIMING DIAGRAM
X1
32 Clock Cycles
TOSF
< TOSF
OSCRUN Bit
TABLE 5-2:
Name
RTCSEC
RTCWKDAY
CONTROL
Legend:
SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH OSCILLATOR CONFIGURATION
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register
on Page
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
ST
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
—
—
OSCRUN
PWRFAIL
VBATEN
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
18
OUT
SQWEN
ALM1EN
ALM0EN
EXTOSC
CRSTRIM
SQWFS1
SQWFS0
26
SECONE1 SECONE0
16
— = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by oscillator configuration.
DS20005009F-page 14
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.3
Timekeeping
The MCP7940X maintains the current time and date
using an external 32.768 kHz crystal or clock source.
Separate registers are used for tracking seconds,
minutes, hours, day of week, date, month, and year.
The MCP7940X automatically adjusts for months with
less than 31 days and compensates for leap years from
2001 to 2399. The year is stored as a two-digit value.
Both 12-hour and 24-hour time formats are supported
and are selected using the 12/24 bit.
The day of week value counts from 1 to 7, increments
at midnight, and the representation is user-defined (i.e.,
the MCP7940X does not require 1 to equal Sunday,
etc.).
All time and date values are stored in the registers as
binary-coded decimal (BCD) values. The MCP7940X
will continue to maintain the time and date while
operating off the backup supply.
When reading from the timekeeping registers, the
registers are buffered to prevent errors due to rollover
of counters. The following events cause the buffers to
be updated:
• When a read is initiated from the RTCC registers
(addresses 0x00 to 0x1F)
• During an RTCC register read operation, when
the register address rolls over from 0x1F to 0x00
The timekeeping registers should be read in a single
operation to utilize the on-board buffers and avoid
rollover issues.
Note 1: Loading invalid values into the time and
date registers will result in undefined
operation.
5.3.1
DIGIT CARRY RULES
The following list explains which timer values cause a
digit carry when there is a rollover:
• Time of day: from 11:59:59 PM to 12:00:00 AM
(12-hour mode) or 23:59:59 to 00:00:00
(24-hour mode), with a carry to the Date and
Weekday fields
• Date: carries to the Month field according to
Table 5-3
• Weekday: from 7 to 1 with no carry
• Month: from 12/31 to 01/01 with a carry to the
Year field
• Year: from 99 to 00 with no carry
TABLE 5-3:
Month
DAY TO MONTH ROLLOVER
SCHEDULE
Name
Maximum Date
01
January
31
02
February
28 or 29(1)
03
March
31
04
April
30
05
May
31
06
June
30
07
July
31
08
August
31
09
September
30
10
October
31
11
November
30
12
December
31
Note 1:
29 during leap years, otherwise 28.
2: To avoid rollover issues when loading
new time and date values, the
oscillator/clock input should be disabled
by clearing the ST bit for external crystal
mode and the EXTOSC bit for external
clock input mode. After waiting for the
OSCRUN bit to clear, the new values can
be loaded and the ST or EXTOSC bit can
then be re-enabled.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 15
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-1:
RTCSEC: TIMEKEEPING SECONDS VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x00)
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
ST
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
ST: Start Oscillator bit
1 = Oscillator enabled
0 = Oscillator disabled
bit 6-4
SECTEN<2:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Second’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 5
bit 3-0
SECONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Second’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
REGISTER 5-2:
RTCMIN: TIMEKEEPING MINUTES VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x01)
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
MINTEN<2:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 5
bit 3-0
MINONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
DS20005009F-page 16
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-3:
RTCHOUR: TIMEKEEPING HOURS VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x02)
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
If 12/24 = 1 (12-hour format):
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
12/24: 12 or 24 Hour Time Format bit
1 = 12-hour format
0 = 24-hour format
bit 5
AM/PM: AM/PM Indicator bit
1 = PM
0 = AM
bit 4
HRTEN0: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 1
bit 3-0
HRONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
If 12/24 = 0 (24-hour format):
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
12/24: 12 or 24 Hour Time Format bit
1 = 12-hour format
0 = 24-hour format
bit 5-4
HRTEN<1:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 2
bit 3-0
HRONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 17
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-4:
RTCWKDAY: TIMEKEEPING WEEKDAY VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x03)
U-0
U-0
R-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
—
—
OSCRUN
PWRFAIL
VBATEN
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5
OSCRUN: Oscillator Status bit
1 = Oscillator is enabled and running
0 = Oscillator has stopped or has been disabled
bit 4
PWRFAIL: Power Failure Status bit(1,2)
1 = Primary power was lost and the power-fail time-stamp registers have been loaded (must be
cleared in software). Clearing this bit resets the power-fail time-stamp registers to ‘0’.
0 = Primary power has not been lost
bit 3
VBATEN: External Battery Backup Supply (VBAT) Enable bit
1 = VBAT input is enabled
0 = VBAT input is disabled
bit 2-0
WKDAY<2:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Day of Week
Contains a value from 1 to 7. The representation is user-defined.
Note 1:
2:
The PWRFAIL bit must be cleared to log new time-stamp data. This is to ensure previous time-stamp data
is not lost.
The PWRFAIL bit cannot be written to a ‘1’ in software. Writing to the RTCWKDAY register will always
clear the PWRFAIL bit.
REGISTER 5-5:
RTCDATE: TIMEKEEPING DATE VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x04)
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
—
—
DATETEN1
R/W-0
R/W-0
DATETEN0 DATEONE3
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
DATEONE2
DATEONE1
DATEONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-4
DATETEN<1:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Date’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 3
bit 3-0
DATEONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Date’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
DS20005009F-page 18
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-6:
RTCMTH: TIMEKEEPING MONTH VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x05)
U-0
U-0
R-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
—
—
LPYR
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5
LPYR: Leap Year bit
1 = Year is a leap year
0 = Year is not a leap year
bit 4
MTHTEN0: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Tens Digit
Contains a value of 0 or 1
bit 3-0
MTHONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
REGISTER 5-7:
RTCYEAR: TIMEKEEPING YEAR VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x06)
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
YRTEN3
YRTEN2
YRTEN1
YRTEN0
YRONE3
YRONE2
YRONE1
YRONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
bit 7-4
YRTEN<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Year’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
bit 3-0
YRONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Year’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
TABLE 5-4:
x = Bit is unknown
SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMEKEEPING
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register
on Page
RTCSEC
ST
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
16
Name
RTCMIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
16
RTCHOUR
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
17
RTCWKDAY
—
—
OSCRUN
PWRFAIL
VBATEN
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
RTCDATE
—
—
DATETEN1 DATETEN0 DATEONE3 DATEONE2 DATEONE1 DATEONE0
18
18
RTCMTH
—
—
LPYR
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
19
RTCYEAR
YRTEN3
YRTEN2
YRTEN1
YRTEN0
YRONE3
YRONE2
YRONE1
YRONE0
19
Legend:
— = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used in timekeeping.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 19
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.4
TABLE 5-5:
Alarms
ALARM MASKS
The MCP7940X features two independent alarms. Each
alarm can be used to either generate an interrupt at a
specific time in the future, or to generate a periodic
interrupt every minute, hour, day, day of week, or month.
ALMxMSK<2:0>
Alarm Asserts on Match of
000
Seconds
001
Minutes
There is a separate interrupt flag, ALMxIF, for each
alarm. The interrupt flags are set by hardware when the
chosen alarm mask condition matches (Table 5-5). The
interrupt flags must be cleared in software.
010
Hours
011
Day of Week
100
Date
101
Reserved
110
Reserved
111
Seconds, Minutes, Hours, Day of
Week, Date, and Month
If either alarm module is enabled by setting the
corresponding ALMxEN bit in the CONTROL register,
and if the square wave clock output is disabled
(SQWEN = 0), then the MFP will operate in alarm
interrupt output mode. Refer to Section 5.5 “Output
Configurations” for details. The alarm interrupt output
is available while operating from the backup power
supply.
Note 1: The alarm interrupt flags must be cleared
by the user. If a flag is cleared while the
corresponding alarm condition still
matches, the flag will be set again,
generating another interrupt.
Both Alarm0 and Alarm1 offer identical operation. All
time and date values are stored in the registers as
binary-coded decimal (BCD) values.
Note:
2: Loading invalid values into the alarm
registers will result in undefined
operation.
Throughout this section, references to the
register and bit names for the Alarm
modules are referred to generically by the
use of ‘x’ in place of the specific module
number. Thus, “ALMxSEC” might refer to
the seconds register for Alarm0 or Alarm1.
FIGURE 5-6:
ALARM BLOCK DIAGRAM
Alarm0
Registers
Timekeeping
Registers
Alarm1
Registers
ALM0SEC
RTCSEC
ALM1SEC
ALM0MIN
RTCMIN
ALM1MIN
ALM0HOUR
RTCHOUR
ALM1HOUR
ALM0WKDAY
RTCWKDAY
ALM1WKDAY
ALM0DATE
RTCDATE
ALM1DATE
ALM0MTH
RTCMTH
ALM1MTH
Alarm0 Mask
Comparator
Comparator
Set
ALM0IF
ALM0MSK<2:0>
DS20005009F-page 20
MFP Output Logic
Alarm1 Mask
Set
ALM1IF
MFP
ALM1MSK<2:0>
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.4.1
CONFIGURING THE ALARM
In order to configure the alarm modules, the following
steps need to be performed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Load the timekeeping registers and enable the
oscillator
Configure the ALMxMSK<2:0> bits to select the
desired alarm mask
Set or clear the ALMPOL bit according to the
desired output polarity
Ensure the ALMxIF flag is cleared
Based on the selected alarm mask, load the
alarm match value into the appropriate
register(s)
Enable the alarm module by setting the
ALMxEN bit
REGISTER 5-8:
ALMxSEC: ALARM0/1 SECONDS VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x0A/0x11)
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
SECTEN<2:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Second’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 5
bit 3-0
SECONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Second’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
REGISTER 5-9:
ALMxMIN: ALARM0/1 MINUTES VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x0B/0x12)
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
MINTEN<2:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 5
bit 3-0
MINONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS20005009F-page 21
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-10:
ALMxHOUR: ALARM0/1 HOURS VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x0C/0x13)
U-0
R-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
If 12/24 = 1 (12-hour format):
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
12/24: 12 or 24 Hour Time Format bit(1)
1 = 12-hour format
0 = 24-hour format
bit 5
AM/PM: AM/PM Indicator bit
1 = PM
0 = AM
bit 4
HRTEN0: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 1
bit 3-0
HRONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
If 12/24 = 0 (24-hour format):
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
12/24: 12 or 24 Hour Time Format bit(1)
1 = 12-hour format
0 = 24-hour format
bit 5-4
HRTEN<1:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 2.
bit 3-0
HRONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
Note 1:
This bit is read-only and reflects the value of the 12/24 bit in the RTCHOUR register.
DS20005009F-page 22
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-11:
ALMxWKDAY: ALARM0/1 WEEKDAY VALUE REGISTER
(ADDRESSES 0x0D/0x14)
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
ALMPOL
ALMxMSK2
ALMxMSK1
ALMxMSK0
ALMxIF
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
ALMPOL: Alarm Interrupt Output Polarity bit
1 = Asserted output state of MFP is a logic high level
0 = Asserted output state of MFP is a logic low level
bit 6-4
ALMxMSK<2:0>: Alarm Mask bits
000 = Seconds match
001 = Minutes match
010 = Hours match (logic takes into account 12-/24-hour operation)
011 = Day of week match
100 = Date match
101 = Reserved; do not use
110 = Reserved; do not use
111 = Seconds, Minutes, Hour, Day of Week, Date and Month
bit 3
ALMxIF: Alarm Interrupt Flag bit(1,2)
1 = Alarm match occurred (must be cleared in software)
0 = Alarm match did not occur
bit 2-0
WKDAY<2:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Day bits
Contains a value from 1 to 7. The representation is user-defined.
Note 1:
2:
If a match condition still exists when this bit is cleared, it will be set again automatically.
The ALMxIF bit cannot be written to a 1 in software. Writing to the ALMxWKDAY register will always clear
the ALMxIF bit.
REGISTER 5-12:
ALMxDATE: ALARM0/1 DATE VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x0E/0x15)
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
—
—
DATETEN1
R/W-0
R/W-0
DATETEN0 DATEONE3
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
DATEONE2
DATEONE1
DATEONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-4
DATETEN<1:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Date’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 3
bit 3-0
DATEONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Date’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS20005009F-page 23
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-13:
ALMxMTH: ALARM0/1 MONTH VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x0F/0x16)
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
—
—
—
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
MTHTEN0: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Tens Digit
Contains a value of 0 or 1
bit 3-0
MTHONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
TABLE 5-6:
Name
SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH ALARMS
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register
on Page
ALM0SEC
—
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
21
ALM0MIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
21
ALM0HOUR
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
22
ALMPOL
ALM0MSK2
ALM0MSK1
ALM0MSK0
ALM0IF
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
23
ALM0DATE
—
—
DATETEN1
DATETEN0
DATEONE3
DATEONE2
DATEONE1
DATEONE0
23
ALM0MTH
—
—
—
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
24
ALM1SEC
—
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
21
ALM1MIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
21
ALM1HOUR
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
22
ALM0WKDAY
ALM1WKDAY
ALMPOL
ALM1MSK2
ALM1MSK1
ALM1MSK0
ALM1IF
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
23
ALM1DATE
—
—
DATETEN1
DATETEN0
DATEONE3
DATEONE2
DATEONE1
DATEONE0
23
ALM1MTH
—
—
—
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
24
CONTROL
OUT
SQWEN
ALM1EN
ALM0EN
EXTOSC
CRSTRIM
SQWFS1
SQWFS0
26
Legend:
— = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by alarms.
DS20005009F-page 24
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.5
TABLE 5-7:
Output Configurations
SQWEN ALM0EN ALM1EN
The MCP7940X features Square Wave Clock Output,
Alarm Interrupt Output, and General Purpose Output
modes. All of the output functions are multiplexed onto
MFP according to Table 5-7.
Only the alarm interrupt outputs are available while
operating from the backup power supply. If none of the
output functions are being used, the MFP can safely be
left floating.
Note:
MFP OUTPUT MODES
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
x
x
General Purpose
Output
Alarm Interrupt
Output
Square Wave Clock
Output
The MFP is an open-drain output and
requires a pull-up resistor to VCC (typically
10 kΩ).
FIGURE 5-7:
Mode
MFP OUTPUT BLOCK DIAGRAM
MCP7940X
SQWFS<1:0>
Oscillator
8.192 kHz
X2
4.096 kHz
Postscaler
EXTOSC
Digital
Trim
ST
1 Hz
11
10
01
00
64 Hz
MUX
32.768 kHz
X1
0
1
CRSTRIM
ALM1EN,ALM0EN
ALMPOL
11
10
0
01
OUT
ALM0IF
00
MFP
1
1
MUX
ALM1IF
0
SQWEN
1
0
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 25
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-14:
CONTROL: RTCC CONTROL REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x07)
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
OUT
SQWEN
ALM1EN
ALM0EN
EXTOSC
CRSTRIM
SQWFS1
SQWFS0
bit 7
bit 6
bit 5
bit 4
bit 3
bit 2
bit 1
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
bit 7
x = Bit is unknown
OUT: Logic Level for General Purpose Output bit
Square Wave Clock Output Mode (SQWEN = 1):
Unused.
Alarm Interrupt Output Mode (ALM0EN = 1 or ALM1EN = 1):
Unused.
General Purpose Output Mode (SQWEN = 0, ALM0EN = 0, and ALM1EN = 0):
1 = MFP signal level is logic high
0 = MFP signal level is logic low
bit 6
SQWEN: Square Wave Output Enable bit
1 = Enable Square Wave Clock Output mode
0 = Disable Square Wave Clock Output mode
bit 5
ALM1EN: Alarm 1 Module Enable bit
1 = Alarm 1 enabled
0 = Alarm 1 disabled
bit 4
ALM0EN: Alarm 0 Module Enable bit
1 = Alarm 0 enabled
0 = Alarm 0 disabled
bit 3
EXTOSC: External Oscillator Input bit
1 = Enable X1 pin to be driven by external 32.768 kHz source
0 = Disable external 32.768 kHz input
bit 2
CRSTRIM: Coarse Trim Mode Enable bit
Coarse Trim mode results in the MCP7940X applying digital trimming every 64 Hz clock cycle.
1 = Enable Coarse Trim mode. If SQWEN = 1, MFP will output trimmed 64 Hz(1) nominal clock signal.
0 = Disable Coarse Trim mode
See Section 5.6 “Digital Trimming” for details
bit 1-0
SQWFS<1:0>: Square Wave Clock Output Frequency Select bits
If SQWEN = 1 and CRSTRIM = 0:
Selects frequency of clock output on MFP
00 = 1 Hz(1)
01 = 4.096 kHz(1)
10 = 8.192 kHz(1)
11 = 32.768 kHz
If SQWEN = 0 or CRSTRIM = 1:
Unused.
Note 1:
The 8.192 kHz, 4.096 kHz, 64 Hz, and 1 Hz square wave clock output frequencies are affected by digital
trimming.
DS20005009F-page 26
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.5.1
SQUARE WAVE OUTPUT MODE
The MCP7940X can be configured to generate a
square wave clock signal on MFP. The input clock
frequency, FOSC, is divided according to the
SQWFS<1:0> bits as shown in Table 5-8.
The square wave output is not available when
operating from the backup power supply.
All of the clock output rates are affected by
digital trimming except for the 1:1
postscaler value (SQWFS<1:0> = 00).
Note:
5.5.2.2
When both alarm modules are enabled, the MFP
output is determined by a combination of the ALM0IF,
ALM1IF, and ALMPOL flags.
If ALMPOL = 1, the ALM0IF and ALM1IF flags are
OR’d together and the result is output on MFP. If
ALMPOL = 0, the ALM0IF and ALM1IF flags are
AND’d together, and the result is inverted and output on
MFP (Table 5-10). This provides the user with flexible
options for combining alarms.
Note:
TABLE 5-8:
CLOCK OUTPUT RATES
SQWFS<1:0>
Postscaler
Nominal
Frequency
00
1:1
32.768 kHz
01
1:4
8.192 kHz
10
1:8
4.096 kHz
11
1:32.768
1 Hz
Note 1:
5.5.2
The ALMxIF flags control when the MFP is asserted, as
described in the following sections.
5.5.2.1
Single Alarm Operation
When only one alarm module is enabled, the MFP
output is based on the corresponding ALMxIF flag and
the ALMPOL flag. If ALMPOL = 1, the MFP output
reflects the value of the ALMxIF flag. If ALMPOL = 0,
the MFP output reflects the inverse of the ALMxIF flag
(Table 5-9).
TABLE 5-9:
DUAL ALARM OUTPUT
TRUTH TABLE
ALMPOL
ALM0IF
ALM1IF
MFP
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
ALARM INTERRUPT OUTPUT
MODE
The alarm interrupt output is available when operating
from the backup power supply.
If ALMPOL = 0 and both alarms are
enabled, the MFP will only assert when
both ALM0IF and ALM1IF are set.
TABLE 5-10:
Nominal frequency assumes FOSC is
32.768 kHz.
The MFP will provide an interrupt output when enabled
alarms match and the square wave clock output is
disabled. This prevents the user from having to poll the
alarm interrupt flag to check for a match.
Dual Alarm Operation
5.5.3
GENERAL PURPOSE OUTPUT
MODE
If the square wave clock output and both alarm
modules are disabled, the MFP acts as a general
purpose output. The output logic level is controlled by
the OUT bit.
The general purpose output is not available when
operating from the backup power supply.
SINGLE ALARM OUTPUT
TRUTH TABLE
ALMPOL
ALMxIF(1)
MFP
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
Note 1: ALMxIF refers to the interrupt flag
corresponding to the alarm module that is
enabled.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 27
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
TABLE 5-11:
SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH OUTPUT CONFIGURATION
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register
on Page
ALM0WKDAY
ALMPOL
ALM0MSK2
ALM0MSK1
ALM0MSK0
ALM0IF
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
23
ALM1WKDAY
ALMPOL
ALM1MSK2
ALM1MSK1
ALM1MSK0
ALM1IF
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
23
OUT
SQWEN
ALM1EN
ALM0EN
EXTOSC
CRSTRIM
SQWFS1
SQWFS0
26
Name
CONTROL
Legend:
— = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used in output configuration.
DS20005009F-page 28
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.6
Digital Trimming
The MCP7940X features digital trimming to correct for
inaccuracies of the external crystal or clock source, up
to roughly ±129 ppm when CRSTRIM = 0. In addition
to compensating for intrinsic inaccuracies in the clock,
this feature can also be used to correct for error due to
temperature variation. This can enable the user to
achieve high levels of accuracy across a wide
temperature operating range.
Digital trimming consists of the MCP7940X periodically
adding or subtracting clock cycles, resulting in small
adjustments in the internal timing.
REGISTER 5-15:
The adjustment occurs once per minute when
CRSTRIM = 0. The SIGN bit specifies whether to add
cycles or to subtract them. The TRIMVAL<6:0> bits are
used to specify by how many clock cycles to adjust.
Each step in the TRIMVAL<6:0> value equates to
adding or subtracting two clock pulses to or from the
32.768 kHz clock signal. This results in a correction of
roughly 1.017 ppm per step when CRSTRIM = 0.
Setting TRIMVAL<6:0> to 0x00 disables digital
trimming.
Digital trimming also occurs while operating off the
backup supply.
OSCTRIM: OSCILLATOR DIGITAL TRIM REGISTER (ADDRESS 0x08)
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
SIGN
TRIMVAL6
TRIMVAL5
TRIMVAL4
TRIMVAL3
TRIMVAL2
TRIMVAL1
TRIMVAL0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
bit 7
SIGN: Trim Sign bit
1 = Add clocks to correct for slow time
0 = Subtract clocks to correct for fast time
bit 6-0
TRIMVAL<6:0>: Oscillator Trim Value bits
When CRSTRIM = 0:
1111111 = Add or subtract 254 clock cycles every minute
1111110 = Add or subtract 252 clock cycles every minute
•
•
•
0000010 = Add or subtract 4 clock cycles every minute
0000001 = Add or subtract 2 clock cycles every minute
0000000 = Disable digital trimming
x = Bit is unknown
When CRSTRIM = 1:
1111111 = Add or subtract 254 clock cycles 128 times per second
1111110 = Add or subtract 252 clock cycles 128 times per second
•
•
•
0000010 = Add or subtract 4 clock cycles 128 times per second
0000001 = Add or subtract 2 clock cycles 128 times per second
0000000 = Disable digital trimming
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 29
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.6.1
CALIBRATION
In order to perform calibration, the number of error
clock pulses per minute must be found and the
corresponding trim value must be loaded into
TRIMVAL<6:0>.
There are two methods for determining the trim value.
The first method involves measuring an output
frequency directly and calculating the deviation from
ideal. The second method involves observing the
number of seconds gained or lost over a period of time.
Once the OSCTRIM register has been loaded, digital
trimming will automatically occur every minute.
5.6.1.1
5.6.1.2
Calibration by Observing Time
Deviation
To calibrate the MCP7940X by observing the deviation
over time, perform the following steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Calibration by Measuring Frequency
Ensure TRIMVAL<6:0> is reset to 0x00.
Load the timekeeping registers to synchronize
the MCP7940X with a known-accurate
reference time.
Enable the crystal oscillator or external clock
input by setting the ST bit or EXTOSC bit,
respectively.
Observe how many seconds are gained or lost
over a period of time (larger time periods offer
more accuracy).
Calculate the PPM deviation (see Equation 5-3).
To calibrate the MCP7940X by measuring the output
frequency, perform the following steps:
5.
1.
EQUATION 5-3:
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Enable the crystal oscillator or external clock
input by setting the ST bit or EXTOSC bit,
respectively.
Ensure TRIMVAL<6:0> is reset to 0x00.
Select an output frequency by setting
SQWFS<1:0>.
Set SQWEN to enable the square wave output.
Measure the resulting output frequency using a
calibrated measurement tool, such as a
frequency counter.
Calculate the number of error clocks per minute
(see Equation 5-2).
EQUATION 5-2:
CALCULATING TRIM
VALUE FROM MEASURED
FREQUENCY
32768
 F IDEAL – F MEAS   -------------------  60
F IDEAL
TRIMVAL<6:0> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
SecDeviation
PPM = -----------------------------------  1000000
ExpectedSec
Where:
ExpectedSec = Number of seconds in chosen period
SecDeviation = Number of seconds gained or lost
• If the MCP7940X has gained time relative to the
reference clock, then the oscillator is faster
than ideal and the SIGN bit must be cleared.
• If the MCP7940X has lost time relative to the
reference clock, then the oscillator is slower
than ideal and the SIGN bit must be set.
6. Calculate the trim value (see Equation 5-4)
EQUATION 5-4:
Where:
Note:
CALCULATING TRIM
VALUE FROM ERROR
PPM
PPM  32768  60
TRIMVAL<6:0> = ------------------------------------------1000000  2
F IDEAL = Ideal frequency based on SQWFS<1:0>
F MEAS = Measured frequency
• If the number of error clocks per minute is
negative, then the oscillator is faster than
ideal and the SIGN bit must be cleared.
• If the number of error clocks per minute is
positive, then the oscillator is slower than
ideal and the SIGN bit must be set.
7. Load the correct value into TRIMVAL<6:0>
CALCULATING ERROR
PPM
7.
Load the correct value into TRIMVAL<6:0>
Note 1: Choosing a longer time period for
observing
deviation
will
improve
accuracy.
2: Large temperature variations during the
observation period can skew results.
Using a lower output frequency and/or
averaging the measured frequency over a
number of clock pulses will reduce the
effects of jitter and improve accuracy.
DS20005009F-page 30
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.6.2
COARSE TRIM MODE
When CRSTRIM = 1, Coarse Trim mode is enabled.
While in this mode, the MCP7940X will apply trimming
at a rate of 128 Hz. If SQWEN is set, the MFP will
output a trimmed 64 Hz nominal clock signal.
Because trimming is applied at a rate of 128 Hz rather
than once every minute, each step of the
TRIMVAL<6:0> value has a significantly larger effect
on the resulting time deviation and output clock
frequency.
TABLE 5-12:
Name
Note 1: The 64 Hz Coarse Trim mode square
wave output is not available while
operating from the backup power supply.
2: With Coarse Trim mode enabled, the
TRIMVAL<6:0> value has a drastic effect
on timing. Leaving the mode enabled
during normal operation will likely result
in inaccurate time.
SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH DIGITAL TRIMMING
Bit 7
CONTROL
OUT
OSCTRIM
SIGN
Legend:
By monitoring the MFP output frequency while in this
mode, the user can easily observe the TRIMVAL<6:0>
value affecting the clock timing.
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
SQWEN
ALM1EN
ALM0EN
TRIMVAL6 TRIMVAL5 TRIMVAL4
Bit 3
Bit 2
EXTOSC
CRSTRIM
TRIMVAL3
TRIMVAL2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register
on Page
SQWFS1
SQWFS0
26
TRIMVAL1 TRIMVAL0
29
— = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by digital trimming.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 31
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
5.7
5.7.1
Battery Backup
The MCP7940X features a backup power supply input
(VBAT) that can be used to provide power to the
timekeeping circuitry, RTCC registers, and SRAM while
primary power is unavailable. The MCP7940X will
automatically switch to backup power when VCC falls
below VTRIP, and back to VCC when it is above VTRIP.
The MCP7940X includes a power-fail time-stamp
module that stores the minutes, hours, date, and month
when primary power is lost and when it is restored
(Figure 5-8). The PWRFAIL bit is also set to indicate
that a power failure occurred.
Note:
The VBATEN bit must be set to enable the VBAT input.
The following functionality
operating on backup power:
•
•
•
•
•
is
maintained
while
Timekeeping
Alarms
Alarm Output
Digital Trimming
RTCC Register and SRAM Contents
The following features are not available while operating
on backup power:
•
•
•
Throughout this section, references to the
register and bit names for the Power-Fail
Time-Stamp module are referred to
generically by the use of ‘x’ in place of the
specific
module
name.
Thus,
“PWRxxMIN” might refer to the minutes
register for Power-Down or Power-Up.
To utilize the power-fail time-stamp feature, a backup
power supply must be available with the VBAT input
enabled, and the oscillator should also be running to
ensure accurate functionality.
I2C Communication
Square Wave Clock Output
General Purpose Output
FIGURE 5-8:
POWER-FAIL TIME-STAMP
Note 1: The PWRFAIL bit must be cleared to log
new time-stamp data. This is to ensure
previous time-stamp data is not lost.
2: Clearing the PWRFAIL bit will clear all
time-stamp registers.
POWER-FAIL TIME-STAMP TIMING
VCC
VTRIP
Power-Down
Time-Stamp
DS20005009F-page 32
Power-Up
Time-Stamp
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-16:
PWRxxMIN: POWER-DOWN/POWER-UP TIME-STAMP MINUTES VALUE
REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x18/0x1C)
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
MINTEN<2:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 5
bit 3-0
MINONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
REGISTER 5-17:
PWRxxHOUR: POWER-DOWN/POWER-UP TIME-STAMP HOURS VALUE
REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x19/0x1D)
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
If 12/24 = 1 (12-hour format):
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
12/24: 12 or 24 Hour Time Format bit
1 = 12-hour format
0 = 24-hour format
bit 5
AM/PM: AM/PM Indicator bit
1 = PM
0 = AM
bit 4
HRTEN0: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 1
bit 3-0
HRONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
If 12/24 = 0 (24-hour format):
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
12/24: 12 or 24 Hour Time Format bit
1 = 12-hour format
0 = 24-hour format
bit 5-4
HRTEN<1:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 2.
bit 3-0
HRONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 33
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
REGISTER 5-18:
PWRxxDATE: POWER-DOWN/POWER-UP TIME-STAMP DATE VALUE
REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x1A/0x1E)
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
—
—
DATETEN1
R/W-0
R/W-0
DATETEN0 DATEONE3
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
DATEONE2
DATEONE1
DATEONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-4
DATETEN<1:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Date’s Tens Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 3
bit 3-0
DATEONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Date’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
REGISTER 5-19:
PWRxxMTH: POWER-DOWN/POWER-UP TIME-STAMP MONTH VALUE
REGISTER (ADDRESSES 0x1B/0x1F)
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is clear
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-5
WKDAY<2:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Day bits
Contains a value from 1 to 7. The representation is user-defined.
bit 4
MTHTEN0: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Ones Digit
Contains a value of 0 or 1
bit 3-0
MTHONE<3:0>: Binary-Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Ones Digit
Contains a value from 0 to 9
TABLE 5-13:
Name
SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH BATTERY BACKUP
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register
on Page
RTCWKDAY
—
—
OSCRUN
PWRFAIL
VBATEN
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
18
PWRDNMIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
33
PWRDNHOUR
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
33
PWRDNDATE
—
—
DATETEN1
DATETEN0
DATEONE3
DATEONE2
DATEONE1
DATEONE0
34
PWRDNMTH
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
34
PWRUPMIN
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
33
PWRUPHOUR
—
12/24
AM/PM
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
33
PWRUPDATE
—
—
DATETEN1
DATETEN0
DATEONE3
DATEONE2
DATEONE1
DATEONE0
34
PWRUPMTH
WKDAY2
WKDAY1
WKDAY0
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
34
Legend:
— = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used with battery backup.
DS20005009F-page 34
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
6.0
the address and will be written into the Address Pointer
of the MCP7940X. After receiving another
Acknowledge bit from the MCP7940X, the master
device transmits the data byte to be written into the
addressed memory location. The MCP7940X stores
the data byte into memory and acknowledges again,
and the master generates a Stop condition
(Figure 6-1).
ON-BOARD MEMORY
The MCP7940X has eight bytes of protected EEPROM
for storing crucial information and 64 bytes of SRAM for
general purpose usage. The SRAM is retained when
the primary power supply is removed if a backup supply
is present and enabled. Since the EEPROM is
nonvolatile, it does not require a supply for data
retention.
Although the SRAM is a separate block from the RTCC
registers, they are accessed using the same control
byte, ‘1101111X’. The EEPROM is in a different
address space and requires the use of a different
control byte, ‘1010111X’.
If an attempt is made to write to an address past 0x5F,
the MCP7940X will not acknowledge the address or
data bytes, and no data will be written. After a byte
Write command, the internal Address Pointer will point
to the address location following the one that was just
written.
6.1
6.1.2
SRAM/RTCC Registers
The RTCC registers are located at addresses 0x00 to
0x1F, and the SRAM is located at addresses 0x20 to
0x5F. The SRAM can be accessed while the RTCC
registers are being internally updated. The SRAM is not
initialized by a Power-On Reset (POR).
The write control byte, address, and the first data byte
are transmitted to the MCP7940X in the same way as
in a byte write. But instead of generating a Stop
condition, the master transmits additional data bytes.
Upon receipt of each byte, the MCP7940X responds
with an Acknowledge, during which the data is latched
into memory and the Address Pointer is internally
incremented by one. As with the byte write operation,
the master ends the command by generating a Stop
condition (Figure 6-2).
Neither the RTCC registers nor the SRAM can be
accessed when the device is operating off the backup
power supply.
6.1.1
SRAM/RTCC REGISTER BYTE
WRITE
There is no limit to the number of bytes that can be
written in a single command. However, because the
RTCC registers and SRAM are separate blocks, writing
past the end of each block will cause the Address
Pointer to roll over to the beginning of the same block.
Specifically, the Address Pointer will roll over from 0x1F
to 0x00, and from 0x5F to 0x20.
Following the Start condition from the master, the
control code and the R/W bit (which is a logic low) are
clocked onto the bus by the master transmitter. This
indicates to the addressed slave receiver that the
address byte will follow after it has generated an
Acknowledge bit during the ninth clock cycle.
Therefore, the next byte transmitted by the master is
FIGURE 6-1:
SRAM/RTCC BYTE WRITE
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
SDA LINE
S
T
A
R
T
CONTROL
BYTE
ADDRESS
BYTE
S1 1 01111 0
S
T
O
P
DATA
P
0
A
C
K
BUS ACTIVITY
FIGURE 6-2:
SRAM/RTCC REGISTER
SEQUENTIAL WRITE
A
C
K
A
C
K
SRAM/RTCC SEQUENTIAL WRITE
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
S
T
A
R
T
SDA LINE
S11 0 11110
CONTROL
BYTE
BUS ACTIVITY
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
ADDRESS
BYTE
S
T
O
P
DATA BYTE N
DATA BYTE 0
P
0
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
DS20005009F-page 35
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
6.1.3
SRAM/RTCC REGISTER CURRENT
ADDRESS READ
This is done by sending the address to the MCP7940X
as part of a write operation (R/W bit set to ‘0’). After the
address is sent, the master generates a Start condition
following the Acknowledge. This terminates the write
operation, but not before the internal Address Pointer is
set. Then, the master issues the control byte again but
with the R/W bit set to a ‘1’. The MCP7940X will then
issue an Acknowledge and transmit the 8-bit data word.
The master will not acknowledge the transfer but
generate a Stop condition which causes the
MCP7940X to discontinue transmission (Figure 6-4).
After a random Read command, the internal address
counter will point to the address location following the
one that was just read.
The MCP7940X contains an address counter that
maintains the address of the last byte accessed,
internally incremented by one. Therefore, if the
previous read access was to address n (n is any legal
address), the next current address read operation
would access data from address n + 1.
Upon receipt of the control byte with R/W bit set to ‘1’,
the MCP7940X issues an Acknowledge and transmits
the 8-bit data word. The master will not acknowledge
the transfer but it will generate a Stop condition and the
MCP7940X discontinues transmission (Figure 6-3).
Note:
The Address Pointer is shared between
the SRAM/RTCC registers and the
protected EEPROM.
FIGURE 6-3:
S
T
O
P
DATA
BYTE
P
A
C
K
BUS ACTIVITY
N
O
A
C
K
Because the RTCC registers and SRAM are separate
blocks, reading past the end of each block will cause
the Address Pointer to roll over to the beginning of the
same block. Specifically, the Address Pointer will roll
over from 0x1F to 0x00, and from 0x5F to 0x20.
SRAM/RTCC REGISTER RANDOM
READ
Random read operations allow the master to access
any memory location in a random manner. To perform
this type of read operation, first the address must be set.
FIGURE 6-4:
SRAM/RTCC RANDOM READ
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
SDA LINE
S
T
A
R
T
CONTROL
BYTE
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
S
T
A
R
T
ADDRESS
BYTE
S1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
CONTROL
BYTE
A
C
K
P
N
O
A
C
K
A
C
K
SRAM/RTCC SEQUENTIAL READ
CONTROL
BYTE
DATA n
DATA n + 1
DATA n + 2
DS20005009F-page 36
S
T
O
P
DATA n + X
P
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
S
T
O
P
DATA
BYTE
S 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
A
C
K
BUS ACTIVITY
FIGURE 6-5:
SRAM/RTCC REGISTER
SEQUENTIAL READ
Sequential reads are initiated in the same way as a
random read except that after the MCP7940X transmits
the first data byte, the master issues an Acknowledge
as opposed to the Stop condition used in a random
read. This Acknowledge directs the MCP7940X to
transmit the next sequentially addressed 8-bit word
(Figure 6-5). Following the final byte transmitted to the
master, the master will NOT generate an Acknowledge
but a Stop condition. To provide sequential reads, the
MCP7940X contains an internal Address Pointer which
is incremented by one at the completion of each
operation. This Address Pointer allows the entire
memory block to be serially read during one operation.
SRAM/RTCC CURRENT
ADDRESS READ
S
T
BUS ACTIVITY A
CONTROL
MASTER
BYTE
R
T
SDA LINE
S 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
6.1.4
6.1.5
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
N
O
A
C
K
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
6.2
Protected EEPROM
The MCP7940X features a 64-bit protected EEPROM
block that requires a special unlock sequence to be
followed in order to write to the memory. Note that
reading from the memory does not require the unlock
sequence to be performed. The protected EEPROM
can be used for storing crucial information such as a
unique serial number. The MCP79401 and MCP79402
include an EUI-48 and EUI-64 node address,
respectively, pre-programmed into the protected
EEPROM block. Custom programming is also
available.
The protected EEPROM block is located at addresses
0xF0 to 0xF7 and is accessed using the ‘1010111X’
control byte.
Note:
6.2.1
Attempts to access addresses outside of
0xF0 to 0xF7 will result in the MCP7940X
not acknowledging the address.
PROTECTED EEPROM UNLOCK
SEQUENCE
The protected EEPROM block requires a special
unlock sequence to prevent unintended writes, utilizing
the EEUNLOCK register. The EEUNLOCK register is
not a physical register; it is used exclusively in the
EEPROM write sequence. Reading from EEUNLOCK
will read all 0’s.
To unlock the block, the following sequence must be
followed:
1.
2.
3.
Write 0x55 to the EEUNLOCK register
Write 0xAA to the EEUNLOCK register
Write the desired data bytes to the EEPROM
Figure 6-6 illustrates the sequence.
Note 1: Diverging from any step of the unlock
sequence may result in the EEPROM
remaining locked and the write operation
being ignored.
Therefore, the next byte transmitted by the master is
the address and will be written into the Address Pointer
of the MCP7940X. After receiving another
Acknowledge bit from the MCP7940X, the master
device transmits the data byte to be written into the
addressed memory location. The MCP7940X
acknowledges again and the master generates a Stop
condition. This initiates the internal write cycle and,
during this time, the MCP7940X does not generate
Acknowledge signals for protected EEPROM
commands. Access to the RTCC registers and SRAM
is still possible during an EEPROM write cycle.
If an attempt is made to write to an address outside of
the 0xF0 to 0xF7 range, the MCP7940X will not
acknowledge the address or data bytes, no data will be
written, and the device will immediately accept a new
command. After a byte write command, the internal
Address Pointer will point to the address location
following the one that was just written.
6.2.3
PROTECTED EEPROM
SEQUENTIAL WRITE
The unlock sequence, write control byte, word address,
and the first data byte are transmitted to the
MCP7940X in the same way as in a byte write. But
instead of generating a Stop condition, the master
transmits up to seven additional bytes, which are
temporarily stored in the on-chip page buffer and will be
written into memory after the master has transmitted a
Stop condition. After receipt of each word, the three
lower Address Pointer bits are internally incremented
by one. If the master should transmit more than eight
bytes prior to generating the Stop condition, the
address counter will roll over and the data received
previously will be overwritten. As with the byte write
operation, once the Stop condition is received, an
internal write cycle will begin (Figure 6-6).
2: Unlocking the EEPROM is not required in
order to read from the memory.
The entire EEPROM block does not have to be written
in a single operation. However, the block is locked after
each write operation and must be unlocked again to
start a new Write command.
6.2.2
PROTECTED EEPROM BYTE
WRITE
Following the unlock sequence and the Start condition
from the master, the control code and the R/W bit
(which is a logic low) are clocked onto the bus by the
master transmitter. This indicates to the addressed
slave receiver that the address byte will follow after it
has generated an Acknowledge bit during the ninth
clock cycle.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 37
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
FIGURE 6-6:
1. Write 0x55 to
EEUNLOCK
Register
PROTECTED EEPROM UNLOCK AND SEQUENTIAL WRITE
S
T
A
R
T
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
SDA LINE
CONTROL
BYTE
S 11011110
S
T
A
R
T
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
SDA LINE
CONTROL
BYTE
S 110 1111 0
S
T
BUS ACTIVITY A
R
MASTER
T
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
DS20005009F-page 38
00001001
0 1 0 1 0 10 1
P
A
C
K
CONTROL
BYTE
DATA
S
T
O
P
00001001
10101010
P
A
C
K
ADDRESS
BYTE
S101 011 1 0
A
C
K
ADDRESS
BYTE
A
C
K
BUS ACTIVITY
3. Write Data to
EEPROM
DATA
S
T
O
P
A
C
K
BUS ACTIVITY
2. Write 0xAA to
EEUNLOCK
Register
ADDRESS
BYTE
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
DATA BYTE n
DATA BYTE 0
P
11110
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
6.2.4
ACKNOWLEDGE POLLING
Since the device will not acknowledge an EEPROM
control byte during an internal EEPROM write cycle,
this can be used to determine when the cycle is
complete. This feature can be used to maximize bus
throughput. Once the Stop condition for a Write
command has been issued from the master, the device
initiates the internally timed write cycle. ACK polling
can be initiated immediately. This involves the master
sending a Start condition, followed by the control byte
for a Write command (R/W = 0). If the device is still
busy with the write cycle, then no ACK will be returned.
If no ACK is returned, then the Start bit and control byte
must be resent. If the cycle is complete, then the device
will return the ACK, and the master can then proceed
with the next Read or Write command. See Figure 6-7
for the flow diagram.
FIGURE 6-7:
Note:
For added systems robustness, it is
recommended that time-out functionality
be implemented in the acknowledge
polling routine to avoid potentially hanging
the system by entering an infinite loop.
This can easily be done by designing in a
maximum number of loops the routine will
execute, or through the use of a hardware
timer.
If a time out occurs, polling should be
aborted by sending a Stop condition. A
user-generated error-handling routine can
then be called, allowing the system to
recover in a manner appropriate for the
application.
ACKNOWLEDGE
POLLING FLOW
Send EEPROM
Write Command
Send Stop
Condition to
Initiate Write Cycle
Send Start
Send Control Byte
with R/W = 0
Did Device
Acknowledge
(ACK = 0)?
NO*
YES
Next
Operation
Note*: For added system robustness, implement
time-out checking to avoid a potential infinite loop.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 39
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
6.2.5
PROTECTED EEPROM CURRENT
ADDRESS READ
This is done by sending the address to the MCP7940X
as part of a write operation (R/W bit set to ‘0’). After the
address is sent, the master generates a Start condition
following the Acknowledge. This terminates the write
operation, but not before the internal Address Pointer is
set. Then, the master issues the control byte again but
with the R/W bit set to a ‘1’. The MCP7940X will then
issue an Acknowledge and transmit the 8-bit data word.
The master will not acknowledge the transfer but it will
generate a Stop condition which causes the
MCP7940X to discontinue transmission (Figure 6-9).
After a random Read command, the internal address
counter will point to the address location following the
one that was just read.
The MCP7940X contains an address counter that
maintains the address of the last byte accessed,
internally incremented by one. Therefore, if the
previous read access was to address n (n is any legal
address), the next current address read operation
would access data from address n + 1.
Upon receipt of the control byte with R/W bit set to ‘1’,
the MCP7940X issues an Acknowledge and transmits
the 8-bit data word. The master will not acknowledge
the transfer but generate a Stop condition and the
MCP7940X discontinues transmission (Figure 6-8).
Note:
The Address Pointer is shared between
the SRAM/RTCC registers and the
protected EEPROM.
FIGURE 6-8:
S
T
A
R
T
SDA LINE
S 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
S
T
O
P
DATA
BYTE
CONTROL
BYTE
P
A
C
K
BUS ACTIVITY
N
O
A
C
K
PROTECTED EEPROM RANDOM
READ
Random read operations allow the master to access
any EEPROM location in a random manner. To perform
this type of read operation, first the address must be set.
FIGURE 6-9:
PROTECTED EEPROM RANDOM READ
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
SDA LINE
S
T
A
R
T
CONTROL
BYTE
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
S
T
A
R
T
ADDRESS
BYTE
S1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
CONTROL
BYTE
S
T
O
P
DATA
BYTE
S 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
A
C
K
BUS ACTIVITY
FIGURE 6-10:
PROTECTED EEPROM
SEQUENTIAL READ
Sequential reads are initiated in the same way as a
random read except that after the MCP7940X transmits
the first data byte, the master issues an Acknowledge
as opposed to the Stop condition used in a random
read. This Acknowledge directs the MCP7940X to
transmit the next sequentially addressed 8-bit word
(Figure 6-10). Following the final byte transmitted to the
master, the master will NOT generate an Acknowledge
but a Stop condition. To provide sequential reads, the
MCP7940X contains an internal Address Pointer which
is incremented by one at the completion of each
operation. This Address Pointer allows the entire
protected EEPROM block to be serially read during one
operation. The internal Address Pointer will
automatically roll over from address 0xF7 to address
0xF0 if the master acknowledges the byte received
from address 0xF7.
PROTECTED EEPROM
CURRENT ADDRESS
READ
BUS ACTIVITY
MASTER
6.2.6
6.2.7
A
C
K
P
N
O
A
C
K
A
C
K
PROTECTED EEPROM SEQUENTIAL READ
CONTROL
BYTE
DATA n
DATA n + 1
DATA n + 2
S
T
O
P
DATA n + X
P
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
DS20005009F-page 40
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
N
O
A
C
K
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
Pre-Programmed EUI-48™ or
EUI-64™ Node Address
6.3
Note:
The MCP79401 and MCP79402 are programmed at
the factory with a globally unique node address stored
in the protected EEPROM block.
EUI-48™ NODE ADDRESS
(MCP79401)
6.3.1
Note:
6.3.1.1
Currently,
Microchip's
OUIs
are
0x0004A3, 0x001EC0, 0xD88039 and
0x5410EC, though this will change as
addresses are exhausted.
EUI-64™ Support Using the
MCP79401
The 8-byte EUI-64™ node address value of the
MCP79402 is stored in array locations 0xF0 through
0xF7, as shown in Figure 6-12. The first three bytes are
the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) assigned
to Microchip by the IEEE Registration Authority. The
remaining five bytes are the Extension Identifier, and
are generated by Microchip to ensure a
globally-unique, 64-bit value.
Note:
Currently,
Microchip's
OUIs
are
0x0004A3, 0x001EC0, 0xD88039 and
0x5410EC, though this will change as
addresses are exhausted.
Note:
In conformance with IEEE guidelines,
Microchip will not use the values 0xFFFE
and 0xFFFF for the first two bytes of the
EUI-64 Extension Identifier. These two
values are specifically reserved to allow
applications to encapsulate EUI-48
addresses into EUI-64 addresses.
The pre-programmed EUI-48 node address of the
MCP79401 can easily be encapsulated at the
application level to form a globally unique, 64-bit node
address for systems utilizing the EUI-64 standard. This
is done by adding 0xFFFE between the OUI and the
Extension Identifier, as shown below
FIGURE 6-11:
Description
EUI-64™ NODE ADDRESS
(MCP79402)
6.3.2
The 6-byte EUI-48™ node address value of the
MCP79401 is stored in EEPROM locations 0xF2
through 0xF7, as shown in Figure 6-11. The first three
bytes are the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)
assigned to Microchip by the IEEE Registration
Authority. The remaining three bytes are the Extension
Identifier, and are generated by Microchip to ensure a
globally-unique, 48-bit value.
As an alternative, the MCP79402 features
an EUI-64 node address that can be used
in EUI-64 applications directly without the
need
for
encapsulation,
thereby
simplifying
system
software.
See
Figure 6-12 for details.
EUI-48 NODE ADDRESS PHYSICAL MEMORY MAP EXAMPLE (MCP79401)
24-bit Extension
Identifier
24-bit Organizationally
Unique Identifier
Data
00h
Array
Address
F2h
04h
A3h
12h
34h
56h
F7h
Corresponding EUI-48™ Node Address: 00-04-A3-12-34-56
Corresponding EUI-64™ Node Address After Encapsulation: 00-04-A3-FF-FE-12-34-56
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 41
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
FIGURE 6-12:
Description
EUI-64 NODE ADDRESS PHYSICAL MEMORY MAP EXAMPLE (MCP79402)
24-bit Organizationally
Unique Identifier
Data
00h
Array
Address
F0h
04h
A3h
40-bit Extension
Identifier
12h
34h
56h
78h
90h
F7h
Corresponding EUI-64™ Node Address: 00-04-A3-12-34-56-78-90
DS20005009F-page 42
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
7.0
PACKAGING INFORMATION
7.1
Package Marking Information
8-Lead SOIC (3.90 mm)
Example
XXXXXXXT
XXXXYYWW
NNN
79400I
SN e3 1633
13F
8-Lead TSSOP
Example
XXXX
9400
TYWW
I633
NNN
13F
8-Lead MSOP
Example
XXXXXT
79400I
YWWNNN
63313F
8-Lead 2x3 TDFN
Example
AAS
633
13
XXX
YWW
NN
1st Line Marking Codes
Part Number
MCP79400
SOIC
TSSOP
MSOP
TDFN
79400T
9400
79400T
AAS
MCP79401
79401T
9401
79401T
AAT
MCP79402
79402T
9402
79402T
AAU
T = Temperature grade
Legend: XX...X
Y
YY
WW
NNN
e3
*
Note:
Customer-specific information
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)
Alphanumeric traceability code
JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn)
This package is RoHs compliant. The JEDEC® designator ( e3 )
can be found on the outer packaging for this package.
In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available
characters for customer-specific information.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 43
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS20005009F-page 44
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 45
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
&
!"#$%
! "# $% &"' "" ($ ) %
*++&&&! !+ $
DS20005009F-page 46
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
&
'( ( ) '** !"' %
! "# $% &"' "" ($ ) %
*++&&&! !+ $
D
N
E
E1
NOTE 1
1
2
b
e
c
φ
A2
A
A1
L
L1
@"
!" A!"
E#!7 )("
AA8 8
E
E
EG
H
(
G3 K L
L
1
1;
1
;
L
1;
%%($
$""
% ))
J;>?
1
G3 N%
8
%%($N%
81
<
%%($A
<
<1
A
A
;
J
;
A1
A%
$""
J>?
;
18
O
L
O
L
A%N%
7
1
L
<
&
1 (13"#%6)# !3 '7#!#"7 %& % !" "%81% #%! %)" #" " %)" #" "" 6%1;!! "%
< !" % 8=1;
>?* >"!" 63#" && # "
8* ) !" '#"#& # ') ) ! # ""  2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
& ?J>
DS20005009F-page 47
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS20005009F-page 48
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 49
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS20005009F-page 50
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 51
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
8-Lead Plastic Dual Flat, No Lead Package (MNY) – 2x3x0.8 mm Body [TDFN]
With 1.4x1.3 mm Exposed Pad (JEDEC Package type WDFN)
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
D
A
B
N
(DATUM A)
(DATUM B)
E
NOTE 1
2X
0.15 C
1
2
2X
0.15 C
TOP VIEW
0.10 C
C
(A3)
A
SEATING
PLANE
8X
0.08 C
A1
SIDE VIEW
0.10
C A B
D2
L
1
2
0.10
C A B
NOTE 1
E2
K
N
8X b
e
0.10
0.05
C A B
C
BOTTOM VIEW
Microchip Technology Drawing No. C04-129-MNY Rev E Sheet 1 of 2
DS20005009F-page 52
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
8-Lead Plastic Dual Flat, No Lead Package (MNY) – 2x3x0.8 mm Body [TDFN]
With 1.4x1.3 mm Exposed Pad (JEDEC Package type WDFN)
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
Units
Dimension Limits
N
Number of Pins
e
Pitch
A
Overall Height
A1
Standoff
Contact Thickness
A3
D
Overall Length
E
Overall Width
Exposed Pad Length
D2
Exposed Pad Width
E2
b
Contact Width
L
Contact Length
Contact-to-Exposed Pad
K
MIN
0.70
0.00
1.35
1.25
0.20
0.25
0.20
MILLIMETERS
NOM
8
0.50 BSC
0.75
0.02
0.20 REF
2.00 BSC
3.00 BSC
1.40
1.30
0.25
0.30
-
MAX
0.80
0.05
1.45
1.35
0.30
0.45
-
Notes:
1. Pin 1 visual index feature may vary, but must be located within the hatched area.
2. Package may have one or more exposed tie bars at ends.
3. Package is saw singulated
4. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M
BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances.
REF: Reference Dimension, usually without tolerance, for information purposes only.
Microchip Technology Drawing No. C04-129-MNY Rev E Sheet 2 of 2
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 53
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
8-Lead Plastic Dual Flat, No Lead Package (MNY) – 2x3x0.8 mm Body [TDFN]
With 1.4x1.3 mm Exposed Pad (JEDEC Package type WDFN)
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
X2
EV
8
ØV
C
Y2
EV
Y1
1
2
SILK SCREEN
X1
E
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
Units
Dimension Limits
E
Contact Pitch
Optional Center Pad Width
X2
Optional Center Pad Length
Y2
Contact Pad Spacing
C
Contact Pad Width (X8)
X1
Contact Pad Length (X8)
Y1
Thermal Via Diameter
V
Thermal Via Pitch
EV
MIN
MILLIMETERS
NOM
0.50 BSC
MAX
1.60
1.50
2.90
0.25
0.85
0.30
1.00
Notes:
1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M
BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances.
2. For best soldering results, thermal vias, if used, should be filled or tented to avoid solder loss during
reflow process
Microchip Technology Drawing No. C04-129-MNY Rev. B
DS20005009F-page 54
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
APPENDIX A:
REVISION HISTORY
TABLE 7-1:
Revision A (04/2011)
Initial release of this document.
Revision B (08/2011)
Added Figure 1-2; Added Parameter D16 to Table 1-1;
Added Sections 2.3-2.5; Added Figure 4.1; Revised
Section 4.1.1; Revised Sections 4.2.4-4.2.6.
Revision C (12/2011)
Added DC/AC Characteristics Charts.
Revision D (01/2014)
Updated overall content for improved clarity; Added
detailed descriptions of registers; Updated block
diagram and application schematic; Defined names for
all bits and registers, and renamed the bits shown in
Table 7-1 for clarification; Renamed the DC
characteristics shown in Table 7-2 for clarification.
TABLE 7-2:
BIT NAME CHANGES
Old Bit Name
New Bit Name
OSCON
OSCRUN
VBAT
PWRFAIL
LP
LPYR
SQWE
SQWEN
ALM0
ALM0EN
ALM1
ALM1EN
RS0
SQWFS0
RS1
SQWFS1
RS2
CRSTRIM
CALIBRATION
TRIMVAL<6:0>
ALM0POL
ALMPOL
ALM1POL
ALMPOL
ALM0C<2:0>
ALM0MSK<2:0>
ALM1C<2:0>
ALM1MSK<2:0>
DC CHARACTERISTIC NAME CHANGES
Old Name
Old Symbol
Operating Current ID
ICC Read
Operating Current SRAM
ICC Read
New Name
New Symbol
EEPROM Operating Current
ICCEERD
ICC Write
ICCEEWR
SRAM/RTCC Register Operating Current
ICCREAD
ICC Write
ICCWRITE
Operating Current
IVCC
Timekeeping Current
ICCT
IBAT
Timekeeping Backup Current
Standby Current
ICCS
VCC Data Retention Current (oscillator off)
IBATT
ICCDAT
Revision E (01/2015)
Updated Section 6.3; Updated “Product Identification
System” section.
Revision F (08/2016)
Added new OUI (54-10-EC) to list; Updated TDFN
package.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 55
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
NOTES:
DS20005009F-page 56
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
THE MICROCHIP WEBSITE
CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Microchip provides online support via our website at
www.microchip.com. This website is used as a means
to make files and information easily available to
customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet
browser, the website contains the following information:
Users of Microchip products can receive assistance
through several channels:
• Product Support – Data sheets and errata,
application notes and sample programs, design
resources, user’s guides and hardware support
documents, latest software releases and archived
software
• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked
Questions (FAQ), technical support requests,
online discussion groups, Microchip consultant
program member listing
• Business of Microchip – Product selector and
ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases,
listing of seminars and events, listings of
Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory
representatives
•
•
•
•
Distributor or Representative
Local Sales Office
Field Application Engineer (FAE)
Technical Support
Customers
should
contact
their
distributor,
representative or Field Application Engineer (FAE) for
support. Local sales offices are also available to help
customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is
included in the back of this document.
Technical support is available through the website
at: http://microchip.com/support
CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION
SERVICE
Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep
customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers
will receive e-mail notification whenever there are
changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a
specified product family or development tool of interest.
To register, access the Microchip website at
www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on
“Customer Change Notification” and follow the
registration instructions.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 57
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
NOTES:
DS20005009F-page 58
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. Not every possible ordering
combination is listed below.
PART NO.
[X](1)
X
/XX
Device
Tape and Reel
Option
Temperature
Range
Package
Device:
MCP79400 =
MCP79401 =
MCP79402 =
1.8V - 5.5V I2C™ Serial RTCC
1.8V - 5.5V I2C Serial RTCC, EUI-48TM
1.8V - 5.5V I2C Serial RTCC, EUI-64TM
Tape and
Reel Option:
Blank = Standard packaging (tube or tray)
T
= Tape and Reel(1)
Temperature
Range:
I
Package:
SN
ST
=
=
=
MS
=
MNY(2) =
-40°C to +85°C
8-Lead Plastic Small Outline (3.90 mm body)
8-Lead Plastic Thin Shrink Small Outline
(4.4 mm)
8-Lead Plastic Micro Small Outline
8-Lead Plastic Dual Flat, No Lead
Examples:
a)
MCP79400-I/SN: Industrial
ture, SOIC package.
Tempera-
b)
MCP79400T-I/SN: Tape and Reel,
Industrial Temperature, SOIC package.
c)
MCP79400T-I/MNY: Tape and Reel
Industrial Temperature, TDFN package.
d)
MCP79401-I/SN: EUI-48TM, Industrial
Temperature, SOIC package.
e)
MCP79401-I/MS: EUI-48TM, Industrial
Temperature MSOP package.
f)
MCP79402-I/SN: EUI-64TM, Industrial
Temperature, SOIC package.
g)
MCP79402-I/ST:
EUI-64TM, Industrial
Temperature, TSSOP package.
h)
MCP79402T-I/ST: EUI-64TM, Tape and
Reel, Industrial Temperature, TSSOP
package.
Note 1: Tape and Reel identifier only
appears in the catalog part number
description. This identifier is used
for ordering purposes and is not
printed on the device package.
Check with your Microchip Sales
Office for package availability with
the Tape and Reel option.
2: "Y" indicates a Nickel Palladium
Gold (NiPdAu) finish.
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS20005009F-page 59
MCP79400/MCP79401/MCP79402
NOTES:
DS20005009F-page 60
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
•
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
•
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
•
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
•
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
•
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR
OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,
QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability
arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip
devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at
the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and
hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,
suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are
conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip
intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, AnyRate,
dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, Heldo, JukeBlox, KeeLoq,
KeeLoq logo, Kleer, LANCheck, LINK MD, MediaLB, MOST,
MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo,
RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O
are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology
Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
ClockWorks, The Embedded Control Solutions Company,
ETHERSYNCH, Hyper Speed Control, HyperLight Load,
IntelliMOS, mTouch, Precision Edge, and QUIET-WIRE are
registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Any Capacitor, AnyIn, AnyOut,
BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM,
dsPICDEM.net, Dynamic Average Matching, DAM, ECAN,
EtherGREEN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip
Connectivity, JitterBlocker, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi,
motorBench, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB,
MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code
Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail,
PureSilicon, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, Ripple Blocker,
Serial Quad I/O, SQI, SuperSwitcher, SuperSwitcher II, Total
Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan,
WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of
Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other
countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide
headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and
Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California
and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures
are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design
and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CERTIFIED BY DNV
== ISO/TS 16949 ==
 2011-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of
Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries.
GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology
Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip
Technology Inc., in other countries.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2011-2016, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in
the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-5224-0874-1
DS20005009F-page 61
Worldwide Sales and Service
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EUROPE
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Technical Support:
http://www.microchip.com/
support
Web Address:
www.microchip.com
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Korea - Daegu
Tel: 82-53-744-4301
Fax: 82-53-744-4302
Netherlands - Drunen
Tel: 31-416-690399
Fax: 31-416-690340
Korea - Seoul
Tel: 82-2-554-7200
Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or
82-2-558-5934
Poland - Warsaw
Tel: 48-22-3325737
Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
Tel: 60-3-6201-9857
Fax: 60-3-6201-9859
Malaysia - Penang
Tel: 60-4-227-8870
Fax: 60-4-227-4068
Philippines - Manila
Tel: 63-2-634-9065
Fax: 63-2-634-9069
Spain - Madrid
Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
Sweden - Stockholm
Tel: 46-8-5090-4654
UK - Wokingham
Tel: 44-118-921-5800
Fax: 44-118-921-5820
Singapore
Tel: 65-6334-8870
Fax: 65-6334-8850
Taiwan - Hsin Chu
Tel: 886-3-5778-366
Fax: 886-3-5770-955
Taiwan - Kaohsiung
Tel: 886-7-213-7828
China - Wuhan
Tel: 86-27-5980-5300
Fax: 86-27-5980-5118
Taiwan - Taipei
Tel: 886-2-2508-8600
Fax: 886-2-2508-0102
China - Xian
Tel: 86-29-8833-7252
Fax: 86-29-8833-7256
Thailand - Bangkok
Tel: 66-2-694-1351
Fax: 66-2-694-1350
06/23/16
DS20005009F-page 62
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