Megawin MPC82X54A 8-bit micro-controller Datasheet

MPC82x54A
8-bit micro-controller
Features .............................................................................................................................3
General Description ..........................................................................................................5
Order Information: ............................................................................................................5
Pin Description..................................................................................................................6
Pin Definition ...................................................................................................................6
Pin Configuration ...........................................................................................................10
Block Diagram ................................................................................................................11
Special Function Register ...............................................................................................12
Address Map ..................................................................................................................12
Bits Description..............................................................................................................13
Memory...........................................................................................................................15
Organization ...................................................................................................................15
RAM...............................................................................................................................16
Nonvolatile Registers: ....................................................................................................16
Embedded Flash .............................................................................................................19
Functional Description....................................................................................................20
I/O Port Configuration ...................................................................................................20
Timer/Counter ................................................................................................................24
Interrupt..........................................................................................................................29
Watch Dog Timer ...........................................................................................................33
Universal Asynchronous Serial Port (UART) ................................................................35
Programmable Counter Array (PCA).............................................................................38
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) ....................................................................................47
Analog to Digital Converter...........................................................................................54
Built-In Oscillator ..........................................................................................................56
Power-Up and Low Voltage Detector and Reset............................................................56
Power Management........................................................................................................57
Reset and Boot Entrance ................................................................................................59
In System Programming and In Application Programming............................................60
In System Programming (ISP) .......................................................................................60
In-Application Program (IAP) .......................................................................................63
Avoid Inadvertent Data Lost from IAP/ISP ...................................................................64
This document contains information on a new product under development by Megawin. Megawin reserves the right to change or
discontinue this product without notice.
© Megawin Technology Co., Ltd. 2008 All rights reserved.
2008/12 version A8
MEGAWIN
Instructions Set................................................................................................................65
Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC82E54A) ...................................................................68
DC Characteristics (MPC82E54A).................................................................................68
Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC82L54A) ...................................................................69
DC Characteristics (MPC82L54A).................................................................................69
Package Dimension.........................................................................................................70
Revision History .............................................................................................................74
2
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Features
z
Enhanced 80C51 Central Processing Unit
z
15.5K bytes on-chip flash memory with ISP/IAP capability
z
256 bytes scratch-pad RAM and 256 bytes auxiliary RAM
z
Two-level code protection for flash memory access
z
Two 16-bits timer/counter
z
7 sources, 4-level-priority interrupt capability
z
One enhanced UART with automatic address recognition and frame error detection
z
15 bits Watch-Dog-Timer with 8-bit pre-scalar, one-time enabled
z
SPI Master/Slave mode
z
Programmable Counter Array (PCA)
z
10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
z
Power control: Idle mode and Power-Down mode, Power-down can be woken-up through
INT0 and INT1
z
27 programmable I/O ports
z
Alternative built-in 6MHz oscillator
z
Fully static operation
z
Excellent noise immunity
z
On-Chip flash program/data memory:
- The data endurance of the embedded flash gets over 20,000 times.
- Greater than 100 years data rentention under room temperature
z
Very low power consumption
z
Operating Voltage:
- 4.5V~5.5V for MPC82E54A
- 2.4V~3.6V for MPC82L54A, minimum 2.7V requirement in flash write operation
(ISP/ICP/…...)
- Built-in Low-Voltage Detector and Reset circuit.
z
Operating Temperature
- Industrial (-40°C to +85°C)*
z
Maximum Operating Frequency:
- Up to 24MHz, Industrial range
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
3
z
More package type:
PDIP-20/28:MPC82x54AE/AE2
PLCC-32: MPC82x54AP
SOP-20/28:MPC82x54AS/AS2
SSOP-28: MPC82x54AS3
TSSOP-20/28:MPC82x54AT/AT2
*: Tested by sampling
4
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
General Description
MPC82x54A is a single-chip 8-bit micro-controller with instruction sets fully compatible with
industrial-standard 80C51 series microcontroller.
There is an excellent MCU kernel built in this device compared to general 80C51 MCUs those
take twelve oscillating cycles to finish an instruction, and this unique device could take only
one oscillating cycle to finish one instruction.
There is 15.5 Kbytes flash memory embedded which could be used as program or data. Also
the In-System Programming and In-Application Programming mechanisms are supported.
The data endurance of the embedded flash gets over 20,000 times, and 21 years data
retention is guaranteed.
The operation frequency reaches at 24 MHz. An user can apply a crystal oscillator for the
oscillating source, or alternatively uses the built in 6 MHz RC oscillator to save system cost.
The built in high performance 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter make it easy to sensing the
environment or implement a set of scan keys in low cost.
The UART and SPI interfaces make the device convenient to communicate with the peripheral
component: talking to a personal computer via RS-232 port, or communicating with a serial
memory.
The Pulse-Width-Modulator (PWM) mode in Programmable Counter Array (PCA) makes the
device to drive the peripheral step motor or LED in least cost.
The MPC82x54A is really the most efficient MCU adapted for simple control, such as:
electronic scales, remote controller, security encoder/decoder, and user interface controller.
Order Information:
Part Number
Temperature
Package
Packing
Operation Voltage
Range
MPC82x54AE
Industrial
PDIP-20
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC82x54AE2
Industrial
PDIP-28
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC82x54AP
Industrial
PLCC-32
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC82x54AS
Industrial
SOP-20
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC82x54AS2
Industrial
SOP-28
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC82x54AS3
Industrial
SSOP-28
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC82x54AT
Industrial
TSSOP-20
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC82x54AT2
Industrial
TSSOP-28
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
5
Pin Description
Pin Definition
Pin Name
PIN NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
PLCC-32 PDIP-28 PDIP-20
P2.2
1
1
BU
P2.2: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
P2.3
2
2
BU
P2.3: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
RST
3
3
1
ID
RST: =
A high duty on this pin keeps for at
least 10us plus 36 oscillation cycles
will reset the device.
P3.0 (RXD)
4
4
2
BU
P3.0: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
RXD: =
Data Receiving pin for built-in UART
functionality.
P3.1 (TXD)
5
5
3
BU
P3.1: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
TXD: =
Data Transmitting pin for built-in
UART functionality.
P0.0
6
BU
P0.0: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
XTALO
7
6
4
O
XTALO: =
Output from the inverting oscillator
amplifier.
XTALI
8
7
5
I
XTALI: =
Input to
amplifier.
P3.2 (INT0)
6
9
8
6
BU
the
inverting
oscillator
P3.2: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
INT0: =
External interrupt source
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
P0.1
10
BU
P0.1: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
P3.3 (INT1)
11
9
7
BU
P3.3: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
INT1: =
External interrupt source
P3.4 (ECI/T0)
12
10
8
BU
P3.4: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
ECI: =
External Clock Input to
Programmable Counter Array (PCA)
T0: =
Alternative clock input to timer-0
P3.5 (CEX1/T1)
13
11
9
BU
P3.5: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
CEX1: =
Capture Event trigger to
Programmable Counter Array (PCA)
module-1 or PWM output
T1: =
Alternative clock input to timer-1
P2.4 (CEX3)
14
12
BU
P2.4: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
CEX3: =
Capture Event trigger to
Programmable Counter Array (PCA)
module-3 or PWM output
P2.5
15
13
BU
P2.5: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
VSS
16
14
P2.6
17
15
MEGAWIN
10
G
BU
Ground
P2.6: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
7
8
P2.7
18
16
BU
P2.7: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
P3.7 (CEX0)
19
17
11
BU
P3.7: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
CEX0: =
Capture Event trigger to
Programmable Counter Array (PCA)
module-0 or PWM output
P1.0 (AIN0)
20
18
12
BU
P1.0: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
AIN0: =
Alternative ADC input
P1.1 (AIN1)
21
19
13
BU
P1.1: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
AIN1: =
Alternative ADC input
P1.2 (AIN2)
22
20
14
BU
P1.2: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
AIN2: =
Alternative ADC input
P0.2
23
BU
P0.2: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
P1.3 (AIN3)
24
21
15
BU
P1.3: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
AIN3: =
Alternative ADC input
P1.4 (SS/AIN4)
25
22
16
BU
P1.4: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
SS: =
Serial mode Selector or
Chip-Enabling pin for Serial
Peripheral Interface (SPI)
AIN4: =
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
26
P1.5 (MOSI/AIN5)
27
23
17
BU
P1.5: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
MOSI: =
Master data Output or Slave data
Input for Serial Peripheral Interface
(SPI)
AIN5: =
Alternative ADC input
P1.6 (MISO/AIN6)
28
24
18
BU
P1.6: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
MISO: =
Master data Input or Slave data
Output for Serial Peripheral Interface
(SPI)
AIN6: =
Alternative ADC input
P1.7
(SPICLK/AIN7)
29
25
19
BU
P1.7: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
SPICLK: =
Serial Clock for Serial Peripheral
Interface (SPI)
AIN7: =
Alternative ADC input
P2.0 (CEX2)
30
26
BU
P2.0: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
CEX2: =
Capture Event trigger to
Programmable Counter Array (PCA)
module-2 or PWM output
P2.1
31
27
BU
P2.1: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
VCC
32
28
MEGAWIN
BU
Alternative ADC input
P0.3: =
General purpose 4-state I/O port with
internal pull-up mechanism; can be
configured as open-drain output.
P0.3
20
P
Power supply
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
9
Pin Configuration
P2.2
1
28
VCC
P2.3
2
27
P2.1
RST
3
26
P2.0/CEX2
RST
1
20
VCC
RXD/P3.0
2
19
P1.7/SPICLK/AIN7
RXD/P3.0
4
25
P1.7/SPICLK/AIN7
TXD/P3.1
3
18
P1.6/MISO/AIN6
TXD/P3.1
5
24
P1.6/MISO/AIN6
XTAL2
4
17
P1.5/MOSI/AIN5
XTAL2
6
23
P1.5/MOSI/AIN5
XTAL1
7
22
P1.4/SS/AIN4
P1.3/AIN3
INT0/P3.2
8
21
P1.3/AIN3
9
20
P1.2/AIN2
XTAL1
INT0/P3.2
5
6
16
15
P1.4/SS/AIN4
INT1/P3.3
7
14
P1.2/AIN2
INT1/P3.3
ECI/T0/P3.4
8
13
P1.1/AIN1
ECI/T0/P3.4
10
19
P1.1/AIN1
CEX1/T1/P3.5
9
12
P1.0/AIN0
CEX1/T1/P3.5
11
18
P1.0/AIN0
VSS
10
11
P3.7/CEX0
P2.4/CEX3
12
17
P3.7/CEX0
P2.5
13
16
P2.7
VSS
14
15
P2.6
SkinnyDIP-20/SOP-20/TSSOP-20
4
P3.1
P2.0
P2.1
VDD
P2.2
P2.3
RST
P3.0
SkinnyDIP-28/SOP-28/SSOP-28/TSSOP-28
30
1
29
5
P1.7
P0.0
P1.6
XTAL2
P1.5
XTAL1
P0.3
P3.2
P1.4
P0.1
P1.3
P3.3
P0.2
P3.4
P1.2
13
21
P1.1
P3.7
P2.7
P2.6
VSS
20
P2.5
P2.4
14
P1.0
P3.5
PLCC-32
10
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Block Diagram
AUX-RAM256
RAM ADDR
Register
RAM256
Flash ROM
B Register
ACC
Stack Pointer
ISP
TMP2
TMP1
Timer0
Address
Generator
Timer1
ALU
UART
PSW
Program
Counter
WDT
PCA &
SPI
LVD/LVR
Port0/2/3
Latch
Port1 Latch
Control
Unit
RESET
ADC
Port0/2/3
Driver
Port1 Driver
8
XTAL1
XTAL2
P1.0 ~ P1.7
P1.0 ~ P1.7
P0.0 ~ P0.3
P2.0 ~ P2.7
P3.0~P3.5,P3.7
MPC82x54 Block Diagram
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
11
Special Function Register
Address Map
0/8
0F8H
0F0H
1/9
2/A
3/B
4/C
5/D
CH
CCAP0H
CCAP1H
CCAP2H
CCAP3H
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
B
0E0H
0D8H
0D0H
7/F
PCAPWM0 PCAPWM1 PCAPWM2 PCAPWM3
000000
0E8H
6/E
xxxxxx00
xxxxxx00
xxxxxx00
xxxxxx00
CL
CCAP0L
CCAP1L
CCAP2L
CCAP3L
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
ACC
WDTCR
IFD
IFADRH
IFADRL
IFMT
SCMD
ISPCR
00000000
0x000000
11111111
00000000
00000000
xxxxxx00
xxxxxxxx
00000000
CCON
CMOD
CCAPM0
CCAPM1
CCAPM2
CCAPM3
00xx0000
0xxxx000
x0000000
x0000000
x0000000
x0000000
ADCTL
ADCV
PCON2
000000000
00000000
xxxxx000
PSW
00000000
0C8H
0C0H
0B8H
0B0H
0A8H
0A0H
IP
SADEN
ADCVL
x0000000
00000000
00000000
P3
P3M0
P3M1
IPH
1x111111
00000000
00000000
x0000000
IE
SADDR
00000000
00000000
P2
TSTWD
11111111
098H
090H
088H
080H
12
SCON
SBUF
00000000
xxxxxxxx
P1
P1M0
P1M1
P0M0
P0M1
P2M0
P2M1
11111111
00000000
00000000
xxxx0000
xxxx0000
00000000
00000000
TCON
TMOD
TL0
TL1
TH0
TH1
AUXR
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
000000xx
P0
SP
DPL
DPH
SPISTAT
SPICTL
SPIDAT
PCON
xxxx1111
00000111
00000000
00000000
00xxxxxx
00000100
00000000
00110000
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Bits Description
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
ADDR
BIT ADDRESS AND SYMBOL
P0
Port 0
80H
INITIAL
VALUE
xxxx1111B
SP
Stack Pointer
81H
00000111B
DPL
Data Pointer Low
82H
00000000B
DPH
Data Pointer High
83H
00000000B
SPISTAT
SPI Status register
84H
SPIF
WCOL
-
-
-
-
-
SPICTL
SPI control register
85H
SSIG
SPEN
DORD
MSTR
CPOL
CPHA
SPR1
SPIDAT
SPI data register
86H
PCON
Power Control
87H
SMOD
SMOD0
LVF
POF
GF1
GF0
PD
IDL
00110000B
TCON
88H
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
00000000B
89H
GATE
C/T
M1
M0
GATE
C/T
M1
M0
00000000B
TL0
Timer/Counter Control
Register
Timer/Counter Mode
Register
Timer Low 0
8AH
00000000B
TL1
Timer Low 1
8BH
00000000B
TH0
Timer High 0
8CH
00000000B
TH1
Timer High 1
8DH
00000000B
AUXR
Auxiliary register
8EH
T0x12
T1x12
URM0x6
EADCI
ESPI
ENLVFI
-
-
000000xxB
P1
Port 1
90H
P1.7
P1.6
P1.5
P1.4
P1.3
P1.2
P1.1
P1.0
11111111B
P1M0
P1 configuration 0
91H
00000000B
P1M1
P1 configuration 1
92H
00000000B
P0M0
P0 configuration 0
93H
-
-
-
-
xxxx0000B
P0M1
P0 configuration 1
94H
-
-
-
-
xxxx0000B
P2M0
P2 configuration 0
95H
00000000B
P2M1
P2 configuration 1
96H
00000000B
SCON
Serial Control
98H
SBUF
Serial Buffer
99H
xxxxxxxxB
P2
Port 2
A0H
11111111B
TSTWD
For WDT test
A7H Reserved for testing WDT
0x000000B
IE
Interrupt Enable
A8H
SADDR
Slave Address
A9H
P3
Port 3
B0H
P3M0
P3 Configuration 0
B1H
-
0x000000B
P3M1
P3 Configuration 0
B2H
-
0x000000B
IPH
Interrupt Priority High
B7H
-
IP
Interrupt Priority Low
B8H
-
SADEN
Slave Address Mask
B9H
ADCVL
ADC Result Low
BEH
ADCTL
ADC Control Register
ADCV
PCON2
MSB
TMOD
LSB
-
00xxxxxxB
SPR0 00000100B
00000000B
SM1
SM0/FE
EA
EPCA_
LVD
SM2
ESPI_
ADC
REN
ES
TB8
ET1
RB8
EX1
TI
ET0
RI
EX0
00000000B
00000000B
00000000B
P3.7
-
PPCAH
_LVD
PPCA
_LVD
P3.5
PSPIH
_ADC
PSPI
_ADC
P3.4
P3.3
P3.2
P3.1
PSH
PT1H
PX1H
PT0H
PS
PT1
PX1
PT0
P3.0
1x111111B
PX0H x0000000B
PX0
x0000000B
00000000B
ADCV.1 ADCV.0 00000000B
-
-
-
-
-
C5H ADCON
SPEED1
SPEED0
ADCI
ADCS
CHS2
ADC Result Register
C6H ADCV.9
ADCV.8
ADCV.7 ADCV.6 ADCV.5 ADCV.4 ADCV.3 ADCV.2 00000000B
Power Control 2
C7H
MEGAWIN
-
-
-
-
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
-
-
CKS2
CHS1
CKS1
CHS0 00000000B
CKS0 xxxxx000B
13
Program Status Word
D0H
CY
AC
CCON
PCA counter control
register
PCA counter mode register
D8H
CF
CR
D9H
CIDL
-
DAH
-
ECOM0
DBH
-
ACC
PCA module0 mode
register.
PCA module1 mode
register.
PCA module2 mode
register
PCA module3 mode
register
Accumulator
WDTCR
WDT control register
E1H
IFD
ISP Flash data register
E2H
11111111B
IFADRH
E3H
00000000B
E4H
00000000B
IFMT
ISP Flash Address High
Byte
ISP Flash Address Low
Byte
ISP Mode Table
SCMD
ISP Sequential Command
E6H
ISPCR
ISP Control Register
E7H
CL
PCA Counter Low Byte
E9H
00000000B
CCAP0L
Low byte of PCA
module-0 Compare/Capture
register
Low byte of PCA
module-1 Compare/Capture
register
Low byte of PCA
module-2 Compare/Capture
register
Low byte of PCA
module-3 Compare/Capture
register
B Register
EAH
00000000B
EBH
00000000B
ECH
00000000B
EDH
00000000B
F0H
00000000B
CMOD
CCAPM0
CCAPM1
CCAP2M
CCAP3M
IFADRL
CCAP1L
CCAP2L
CCAP3L
B
F0
RS1
RS0
OV
-
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCF0 00xx0000B
-
CPS1
CPS0
ECF
CAPP0 CAPN0
MAT0
TOG0
PWM0 ECCF0 x0000000B
ECOM1
CAPP1 CAPN1
MAT1
TOG1
PWM1 ECCF1 x0000000B
DCH
ECOM2
CAPP2 CAPN2
MAT2
TOG2
PWM2 ECCF2 x0000000B
DDH
ECOM3
CAPP3 CAPN3
MAT3
TOG3
PWM3 ECCF3 x0000000B
-
-
P
00000000B
PSW
00000000B
E0H
E5H
0xxxx000B
WRF
-
-
-
ENW
CLW
-
-
WIDL
-
PS2
-
PS1
MS1
PS0
MS0
0x000000B
xxxxxx00B
xxxxxxxxB
ISPEN
SWBS
SWRST CFAIL
-
WAIT.2 WAIT.1 WAIT.0 00000000B
F2H
-
-
-
-
-
-
EPC0H EPC0L xxxxxx00B
F3H
-
-
-
-
-
-
EPC1H EPC1L xxxxxx00B
F4H
-
-
-
-
-
-
EPC2H EPC2L xxxxxx00B
F5H
-
-
-
-
-
-
EPC3H EPC3L xxxxxx00B
PCAPWM0 PCA PWM mode
auxiliary register 0
PCAPWM1 PCA PWM mode
auxiliary register 1
PCAPWM2 PCA PWM mode
auxiliary register 2
PCAPWM3 PCA PWM mode
auxiliary register 3
CH
PCA Counter High Byte
F9H
00000000B
CCAP0H
FAH
00000000B
FBH
00000000B
FCH
00000000B
FDH
00000000B
CCAP1H
CCAP2H
CCAP3H
14
High byte of PCA
module-0 Compare/Capture
register
High byte of PCA
module-1 Compare/Capture
register
High byte of PCA
module-2 Compare/Capture
register
High byte of PCA
module-3 Compare/Capture
register
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Memory
Organization
00-7F
RAM, Access it via direct addressing
80-FF
SFR, Access it via direct addressing
80-FF
indirect on-chip RAM,
Access it via indirect addressing
0000-00FF
On-Chip External auxiliary RAM.
FF
80
7F
00
Address Space for MPC82x54A RAM
0000 – xxxx :=
User’s Application
xxxx is determined by OR1[7:0]
xxxx – yyyy :=
Memory for In-ApplicationProgramming data
xxxx is determined by OR1[7:0]
yyyy – 3DFF :=
Memory for In-SystemProgramming code
yyyy is determined by OR0[5:4]
AP
Memory
ISP
IAP
Memory Memory
3DFF
yyyy
xxxx
0000
Address Space for MPC82x54A embedded Flash memory
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
15
RAM
There are 512 bytes RAM built in MPC82x54A.
The user can visit the leading 128-byte RAM via direct addressing instructions, and we name
those RAM as direct RAM that occupies address space 00h to 7Fh.
Followed 128-byte RAM can be visited via indirect addressing instructions, and we name
those RAM as indirect RAM that occupied address space 80h to FFh.
There are extra 256 bytes RAM can be visited via MOVX @Ri or @DPTR instructions which
are named external RAM. When using MOVX @DPTR, the content in DPH is ignored. None
of P0 status and P2 status is affected during MOVX instruction.
Nonvolatile Registers:
There are four Nonvolatile Registers named OR0, OR1, OR2, and OR3 individually. They are
designed to configure the MPC82x54A, i.e.,: to decide to use internal RC oscillator or use
crystal oscillator as oscillating source, or to allocate the built-in flash for application program,
application data and In-System-Program code.
Generally, the only way to program those four nonvolatile registers is making use of a popular
NVM writer, such as: Hi-Lo System All-11, Leaper-48 and Megawin-Provided MCU writer. The
user’s program and the ISP program never can change those option registers.
NVM register: OR0 (Option Register 0):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
LVFWP
ENLVR
ISPAS1
ISPAS0
HWBS
reserved1 SB
Bit-0
LOCK
LVFWP: = Low-Voltage-Flag-Write-Protecting bit.
0:=
inhibit the flash read/write action via ISP/IAP mechanism while the power supply drops
under a specific voltage level. Typically, the voltage threshold is around 3.7V/2.3V (Operate
in the 5V / 3V) for Fosc =12MHz.
1:= (default)
No inhibition on the flash-writing action.
ENLVR: =Enable-Low-Voltage-Reset
0:=
Clearing the bit will reset the device while the power supply drops under a specific voltage
level. Typically, the voltage threshold is around 3.7V/2.3V (Operate in the 5V / 3V) for
Fosc = 12MHz.
1:= (default)
Setting the bit implies never reset the device in spite of voltage dropping.
16
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
{ISPAS1, ISPAS0}:= ISP-Address-Start
{0,0}:=
Set the ISP start address 3000H. (ISP code could take 3.5K bytes)
{0,1}:=
Set the ISP start address 3400H. (ISP code could take 2.5K bytes)
{1,0}:=
Set the ISP start address 3800H. (ISP code could take 1.5K bytes)
{1,1}:= (default)
Express no ISP code.
HWBS: = Hardware-Boot-Selector
0:= (default)
Clearing the bit is to configure the device to boot from ISP program after power-up.
1:=
Setting the bit is to configure the device to boot normally from user’s application program
after power-up.
In fact, the boot entrance is determined by register SWBS from SFR ISPCR ignoring the boot
comes from RST-pin press, software-trigger, or power-up. However, if a boot happens and that
boot comes from power-up action, the device will first load the complement of the HWBS to SWBS,
and decides the boot entrance according to the state of bit SWBS. So the HWBS is named
Hardware Boot Selector. It influence on power-up boot, but does not influence on the boot from
RST-pin or software-trigger.
reserved1:= The bit is reserved for afterward user, and should be left at set.
The user must not clear the bit; otherwise, there could be inadvertent effect impacted on the
device.
SB: = Used to decide if the program code will be Scrambled while it is dumped.
0:=
Code dump from Writer is scrambled.
1:= (default)
Code dump from Writer is transparent.
LOCK: = Used to decide if the program code will be Locked against the popular writer.
0:=
Code dumping from Writer is locked.
1:= (default)
Permit code dumping from general Writers.
NVM register: OR1 (Option Register 1):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
OR1 [7:1]:= Used to set the boundary of IAP memory
The user’s application program can change only the IAP flash memory, not of AP flash memory
itself nor the ISP flash memory. The IAP memory is defined between address scope
OR1 [7:1]*512 and ISP-Address-Start. Setting the OR1 [7:1] 1111111B means no IAP memory.
NVM register: OR2 (Option Register 2):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
reserved1
OSCDN
HWBS2
reserved1
-
reserved1
ENROSC
reserved1
reserved1:= The bit is reserved for afterward user, and should be left at set.
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
17
The user must not clear the bit; otherwise, there could be inadvertent effect impacted on the
device.
OSCDN: = Used to adjust the behavior of crystal oscillator.
0:=
The current gain of crystal oscillator amplifier is reduced. It will bring
help to EMI reducing and improve the power consumption. Dealing with application does
not need high frequency clock (under 12MHz). It is recommended to do so.
1:= (default)
The current gain of crystal oscillator is enough for oscillator to start oscillating up to 24MHz.
HWBS2:= Used to adjust the behavior of crystal oscillator.
0:=
Force the boot entrance as ISP code for both of power-up boot and RST-pin boot.
1:= (default)
Transfer the determination of boot entrance to HWBS.
By using HWBS2, ISP program may be triggered to run by RESET pin. (See Boot and
Reset section)
ENROSC: = Used to determined if to enable the built-in RC oscillator.
0:=
Clearing the bit will enable the built-in RC oscillator, and set that oscillator as the oscillating
source
1:= (default)
Setting the bit means to disable the built-in RC oscillator.
NVM register: OR3 (Option Register 3):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
reserved1
reserved1
HWENW
-
HWWIDL
HWPS2
HWPS1
HWPS0
reserved1:= The bit is reserved for afterward user, and should be left at set.
The user must not clear the bit; otherwise, there could be inadvertent effect impacted on the
device.
HWENW: = Hardware Enable Watch-dog-timer
0:=
Clearing the bit will automatically enable the watch-dog-timer after power-up immediately.
HWWIDL, HWPS2, HWPS1 and HWPS0 will be loaded Into SFR WDTCR after power-up if
and only if HWENW =0.
1:= (default)
No Hardware enable for Watch-dog-timer.
HWWIDL: = Hardware enables reset from Watch-dog-timer in spite of the MCU lies idle.
0:=
Watch-dog-timer is also suspended while the MCU lies idle.
1:= (default)
Enable watch-dog-timer to keep working in spite of the MCU has been put into idle mode.
If the bit HWENW is left 1, the bits HWWIDL, HWPS2, HWPS1 and HWPS0 make no sense.
{HWPS2, HWPS1, HWPS0}:= Hardware Watch-dog-timer Pre-Scalar
If the bit HWENW is cleared to 0, those bits will be loaded into SFR WDTCR after power-up.
Those three bits set the pre-scalar of the watch-dog-timer.
If the bit HWENW is left 1, those three bits makes no sense.
{0,0,0}:=
The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 2.
{0,0,1}:=
The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 4.
18
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
{0,1,0}:=
The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 8.
{0,1,1}:=
The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 16
{1,0,0}:=
The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 32
{1,0,1}:=
The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 64
{1,1,0}:=
The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 128
{1,1,1}:=
The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 256
Embedded Flash
There is totally 15.5 Kbyte flash embedded in the MPC82x54A.
The user can configure the whole flash to store the application program, can configure the
flash for both storage of application (AP) program and In-System-Program (ISP) code, or
even can configure the flash for storage of AP, ISP, and In-Application-Program (IAP) memory.
While the program counter of MPC82x54A is spanning over 3DFFH, the device will do nothing.
The user can develop own ISP program, and put it into the embedded flash that addressed
from 3000H, 3400H, or 3800H, meanwhile configure OR0[5:4], and set OR0[3] to 0, and to
direct the device to boot from own ISP code.
If there is requirement from the user’s application program to store nonvolatile parameters,
the user can allocate part of the embedded flash as IAP memory by configure OR1 [7:1].
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
19
Functional Description
I/O Port Configuration
All 27 port pins on MPC82x54A may be independently configured to one of four modes:
quasi-bidirectional (standard 8051 port output), push-pull output, open-drain output or
input-only. All port pins default to quasi-bidirectional after reset. Each port pin has a
Schmitt-triggered input for improved input noise rejection. During power-down, all the
Schmitt-triggered inputs are disabled with the exception of P3.2 and P3.3, which may be used
to wake-up the device. Therefore P3.2 and P3.3 should not be left floating during
power-down.
There are several special function registers designed to configure those I/O ports.
SFR: P0M0 (P0 Configuration 0)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
P0M03
P0M02
P0M01
P0M00
SFR: P0M1 (P0 Configuration 1)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
P0M13
P0M12
P0M11
P0M10
SFR: P1M0 (P1 Configuration 0)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
P1M07
P1M06
P1M05
P1M04
P1M03
P1M02
P1M01
P1M00
SFR: P1M1 (P1 Configuration 1)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
P1M17
P1M16
P1M15
P1M14
P1M13
P1M12
P1M11
P1M10
SFR: P2M0 (P2 Configuration 0)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
P2M07
P2M06
P2M05
P2M04
P2M03
P2M02
P2M01
P2M00
SFR: P2M1 (P2 Configuration 1)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
P2M17
P2M16
P2M15
P2M14
P2M13
P2M12
P2M11
P2M10
SFR: P3M0 (P3 Configuration 0)
20
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
P3M07
P3M06
P3M05
P3M04
P3M03
P3M02
P3M01
P3M00
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
SFR: P3M1 (P3 Configuration 1)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
P3M17
P3M16
P3M15
P3M14
P3M13
P3M12
P3M11
P3M10
Configuration of I/O port
PxM0n
PxM1n
0
0
Quasi-bidirectional (default)
0
1
Push-Pull output
1
0
Input Only (High-impedance)
1
1
Open-Drain Output
(x = 0, 1, 2 or 3
Port Mode
n = 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 or 0)
Quasi-bidirectional Mode
Port pins in quasi-bidirectional output mode function similar to the standard 8051 port pins. A
quasi-bidirectional port can be used as an input and output without the need to reconfigure the
port. This is possible because when the port outputs a logic high, it is weakly driven, allowing
an external device to pull the pin low. When the pin outputs low, it is driven strongly and able
to sink a large current. There are three pull-up transistors in the quasi-bidirectional output that
serve different purposes.
One of these pull-ups, called the “very weak” pull-up, is turned on whenever the port register
for the pin contains a logic “1”. This very weak pull-up sources a very small current that will
pull the pin high if it is left floating.
A second pull-up, called the “weak” pull-up, is turned on when the port register for the pin
contains a logic “1” and the pin itself is also at a logic “1” level. This pull-up provides the
primary source current for a quasi-bidirectional pin that is outputting a ‘1’. If this pin is pulled
low by the external device, this weak pull-up turns off, and only the very weak pull-up remains
on. In order to pull the pin low under these conditions, the external device has to sink enough
current to over-power the weak pull-up and pull the port pin below its input threshold voltage.
The third pull-up is referred to as the “strong” pull-up. This pull-up is used to speed up
low-to-high transitions on a quasi-bidirectional port pin when the port register changes from a
logic “0” to a logic “1”. When this occurs, the strong pull-up turns on for two CPU clocks,
quickly pulling the port pin high.
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
21
VDD
VDD
VDD
2 clocks
delay
Weak
Strong
Very weak
Port pin
Port latch data
Input data
Open-drain Output
The open-drain output configuration turns off all pull-ups and only drives the pull-down
transistor of the port pin when the port register contains a logic “0”. To use this configuration in
application, a port pin must have an external pull-up, typically tied to VDD. The input path of
the port pin in this configuration is the same as quasi-bidirectional mode.
Port pin
Port latch data
Input data
Input-only Mode
The input-only configuration is a Schmitt-triggered input without any pull-up resistors on the
pin.
Port pin
Input data
22
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Push-pull Output
The push-pull output configuration has the same pull-down structure as both the open-drain
and the quasi-bidirectional output modes, but provides a continuous strong pull-up when the
port register contains a logic “1”. The push-pull mode may be used when more source current
is needed from a port output.
VDD
Port latch data
Port pin
Input data
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
23
Timer/Counter
MPC82x54A has two 16-bit timers, and they are named T0 and T1. Each of them can also be
used as a general event counter, which counts the transition from 1 to 0.
Since the MPC82x54A is a RISC-like MCU which executes faster than traditional 80C51 MCU
from other providers. Based on consideration of compatibility with traditional 80C51 MCUs,
the frequency of the clock source for T0 and T1 is designed to be selectable between
oscillator frequency divided-by-12 (default) or oscillator frequency.
The user can configure T0/T1 to work under mode-0, mode-1, mode-2 and mode-3. It is
entirely identical to the traditional 80C51 MCU.
There are two SFR designed to configure timers T0 and T1. They are TMOD, and TCON.
The user also should take a glance of SFR AUXR which determine the frequency of the clock
source driving the T0 and T1.
SFR: TMOD (Timer Mode Control Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
GATE
C//T
M1
M0
GATE
C//T
M1
M0
(for timer1 use)
(for timer0 use)
GATE: = Gating control
0:= (default)
Timer x is enabled whenever “TRx” control bit is set.
1:=
Timer/Counter x is enabled only while “/INTx” pin is high and “TRx” control bit is set.
C//T: = Timer or Counter function selector. 0: =timer, 1: =counter
0:= (default)
Configure Tx as Timer use
1:=
Configure Tx as Counter use
{M1, M0}: mode select
{0, 0}: =
Configure Tx as 13-bit timer/counter
{0, 1}: =
Configure Tx as 16-bit timer/counter
{1, 0}: =
Configure Tx as 8-bit timer/counter with automatic reload capability
{1, 1}: =
for T0, set TL0 as 8-bit timer/counter, TH0 is locked into 8-bit timer
for T1, set Timer/Counter1 Stopped
24
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
SFR: TCON (Timer/Counter Control Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
TF1: = Timer1 overflow flag.
This bit is automatically set by hardware on T1 overflow, and will be automatically cleared by
hardware when the processor vectors to the interrupt routine.
TR1: = Timer1 run control bit.
0:= (default)
Stop T1 counting
1:=
Start T1 counting
TF0: = Timer0 overflow flag.
This bit is automatically set by hardware on T0 overflow, and will be automatically cleared by
hardware when the processor vectors to the interrupt routine.
TR0: = Timer0 run control bit.
0:= (default)
Stop T0 counting
1:=
Start T0 counting
IE1: = External Interrupt-1 flag.
This bit is automatically set by hardware on interrupt from the external interrupt-1, and will be
automatically cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to the interrupt routine.
IT1: = Interrupt-1 type control bit.
0:= (default)
Set the interrupt-1 triggered by low duty from pin EX1
1:=
Set the interrupt-1 triggered by negative falling edge from pin EX1
IE0: = External Interrupt-0 flag.
This bit is automatically set by hardware on interrupt from the external interrupt-0, and will be
automatically cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to the interrupt routine.
IT0: = Interrupt-0 type control bit.
0:= (default)
Set the interrupt-0 triggered by low duty from pin EX0
1:=
Set the interrupt-0 triggered by negative falling edge from pin EX0
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
25
SFR: AUXR (Auxiliary Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
T0X12
T1X12
URM0X6
EADCI
ESPI
ENLVFI
-
-
T0X12: = T0 clock source selector
0:= (default)
Set the frequency of the clock source for T0 as the oscillator frequency divided-by-12.
It will compatible to the traditional 80C51 MCU.
1:=
Set the frequency of the clock source for T0 as the oscillator frequency.
It will drive the T0 faster than a traditional 80C51 MCU.
T1X12: = T1 clock source selector
0:= (default)
Set the frequency of the clock source for T1 as the oscillator frequency divided-by-12.
It will compatible to the traditional 80C51 MCU.
1:=
Set the frequency of the clock source for T1 as the oscillator frequency.
It will drive the T1 faster than a traditional 80C51 MCU.
URM0X6: = Baud rate selector of UART while it is working under Mode-0
0:= (default)
Set the baud rate of the UART functional block as oscillator frequency divided-by-12.
It will compatible to the traditional 80C51 MCU.
1:=
Set the baud rate of the UART functional block as oscillator frequency divided-by-2.
It will transmit/receive data faster than a traditional 80C51 MCU.
EADCI: = Enable/Disable interrupt from A/D converter
0:= (default)
Inhibit the ADC functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU
1:=
Enable the ADC functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU
ESPI: = Enable/Disable interrupt from Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
0:= (default)
Inhibit the SPI functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU
1:=
Enable the SPI functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU
ENLVFI: = Enable/Disable interrupt from low-voltage sensor
0:= (default)
Inhibit the low-voltage sensor functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU
1:=
Enable the low-voltage sensor functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU
26
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Mode 0
The timer register is configured as a 13-bit register. As the count rolls over from all 1s to all 0s,
it sets the timer interrupt flag TFx. The counted input is enabled to the timer when TRx = 1
and either GATE=0 or INTx = 1. Mode 0 operation is the same for Timer0 and Timer1.
OSC/12
0
OSC
1
T0 or T1 pin
(sampled)
AUXR.x
0
1
0
TLx[4:0] THx[7:0]
TFx
Interrupt
1
C//T
TRx
GATE
/INTx
Mode 1
Mode1 is the same as Mode0, except that the timer register is being run with all 16 bits.
OSC/12
0
OSC
1
T0 or T1 pin
(sampled)
AUXR.x
0
1
0
TLx[7:0] THx[7:0]
TFx
Interrupt
1
C//T
TRx
GATE
/INTx
Mode 2
Mode 2 configures the timer register as an 8-bit counter (TLx) with automatic reload. Overflow
from TLx does not only set TFx, but also reloads TLx with the content of THx, which is
determined by user’s program. The reload leaves THx unchanged. Mode 2 operation is the
same for Timer0 and Timer1.
OSC/12
0
OSC
1
AUXR.x
0
1
0
T0 or T1 pin
(sampled)
TLx [7:0]
TFx
Interrupt
1
C//T
Reload
TRx
GATE
THx [7:0]
/INTx
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
27
Mode 3
Timer1 in Mode3 simply holds its count, and the effect is the same as setting TR1 = 1. Timer0
in Mode 3 enables TL0 and TH0 as two separate 8-bit counters. TL0 uses the Timer0 control
bits such like C/T, GATE, TR0, INT0 and TF0. TH0 is locked into a timer function (can not be
external event counter), and take over the use of TR1, TF1 from Timer1. TH0 now controls the
Timer1 interrupt.
OSC/12
0
OSC
1
0
Sampled T0 pin
0
1
TL0 [7:0]
TF0
Interrupt
1
AUXR.x
C//T
TR0
GATE
/INT0
OSC/12
0
OSC
1
AUXR.x
28
0
1
TH0 [7:0]
TF1
Interrupt
TR1
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Interrupt
There are seven interrupt sources available in MPC82x54A. Each interrupt source can be
individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in the SFR named IE. This register
also contains a global disable bit (EA), which can be cleared to disable all interrupts at once.
Each interrupt source has two corresponding bits to represent its priority. One is located in
SFR named IPH, and the other in IP register. Higher-priority interrupt will be not interrupted by
lower-priority interrupt request. If two interrupt requests of different priority levels are received
simultaneously, the request of higher priority is serviced. If interrupt requests of the same
priority level are received simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determine which
request is serviced. The following table shows the internal polling sequence in the same
priority level and the interrupt vector address.
Source
External interrupt 0
Timer 0
External interrupt 1
Timer1
Serial Port
SPI/ADC
PCA/LVF
The
external
interrupt
Vector address
03H
0BH
13H
1BH
23H
2BH
33H
INT0,
and
INT1
can
Priority within level
1 (highest)
2
3
4
5
6
7
each
be
either
level-activated
or
transition-activated, depending on bits IT0 and IT1 in register TCON. The flags that actually
generate these interrupts are bits IE0 and IE1 in TCON. When an external interrupt is
generated, the flag, that generated it, is cleared by the hardware as soon as the service
routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was transition –activated. Then the external
requesting source is what controls the request flag, rather than the on-chip hardware.
The Timer0 and Timer1 interrupts are generated by TF0 and TF1, which are set by a rollover
in their respective Timer/Counter registers in most cases. When a timer interrupt is generated,
the flag, that generated it, is cleared by the on-chip hardware as soon as the service routine is
vectored to.
The serial port interrupt is generated by the logical OR of RI and TI. Neither of these flags is
cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to. The service routine should poll
RI and TI to determine which one to request service, and it will be cleared by software.
The 2BH interrupt is shared by the logical OR of SPI interrupt and ADC interrupt. Neither of
these flags is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to. The service routine
should poll them to determine which one to request service and it will be cleared by software.
The 33H interrupt is shared by the logical OR of PCA interrupt and LVD(Low-Voltage Detector)
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
29
interrupt. Neither of these flags is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to.
The service routine should poll them to determine which one to request service and it will be
cleared by software.
All of the bits that generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software with the same result
as done through it by hardware. In other words, interrupts or pending interrupts can be
generated or canceled in software.
The following content describes several SFR related to interrupt mechanism.
SFR: IE (Interrupt Enable)
Bit-7
EA
Bit-6
Bit-5
EPCA_LVD ESPI_ADC
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
ES
ET1
EX1
ET0
EX0
EA:=Global interrupt controller.
0:=(default)
Disable all interrupts
1:=
Release interrupt control to all individual interrupt controllers.
EPCA_LVD:=Interrupt controller of Programmable Counter Array (PCA) and Low-Voltage
Detector
0:=(default)
Disable
1:=
Enable
ESPI_ADC:= Interrupt controller of Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and A/D Converter (ADC).
0:=(default)
Disable
1:=
Enable
ES:=Interrupt controller of Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART).
0:=(default)
Disable
1:=
Enable
ET1:=Interrupt controller of Timer-1 interrupt.
0:=(default)
Disable
1:=
Enable
EX1:=Interrupt controller of external interrupt-1.
0:=(default)
Disable
1:=
Enable
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MPC82x54A Data Sheet
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ET0:=Interrupt controller of Timer-0 interrupt.
0:=(default)
Disable
1:=
Enable
EX0:=Interrupt controller of external interrupt-0.
0:=(default)
Disable
1:=
Enable
SFR: IP (Interrupt Priority Low)
Bit-7
-
Bit-6
Bit-5
PPCA_LVD PSPI_ADC
PPCA_LVD :=
PSPI_ADC :=
PS
:=
PT1
:=
PX1
:=
PT0
:=
PX0
:=
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
PS
PT1
PX1
PT0
PX0
If set, Set priority for PCA /LVF interrupt higher
If set, Set priority for SPI/ADC interrupt higher
If set, Set priority for serial port interrupt higher(UART)
If set, Set priority for timer1 interrupt higher
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 1 higher
If set, Set priority for timer0 interrupt higher
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 0 higher
SFR: IPH (Interrupt Priority High)
Bit-7
-
Bit-6
Bit-5
PPCAH_LVD PSPIH_ADC
PPCAH_LVD:=
PSPIH_ADC :=
PSH
:=
PT1H
:=
PX1H
:=
PT0H
:=
PX0H
:=
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
PSH
PT1H
PX1H
PT0H
PX0H
If set, Set priority for PCA /LVF interrupt higher
If set, Set priority for SPI/ADC interrupt higher
If set, Set priority for serial port interrupt higher(UART)
If set, Set priority for timer1 interrupt higher
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 1 higher
If set, Set priority for timer0 interrupt higher
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 0 higher
IP and IPH are combined to form 4-level priority interrupt as the following table.
Priority
{IPH.x , IP.x}
Level
11
1 (highest)
10
2
01
3
00
4
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
31
Highest Priority Level Interrupt
IE Register
/IN T0
IPH and IP Registers
IE0
TF0
/IN T1
IE1
Interrupt Polling
Sequence
TF1
RI
TI
SPI
ESPI
A UXR.3
ADCI
EADCI
A UXR.4
Individual Enable
CCF0
ECCF0
Global Enable
Lowest Priority Level Interrupt
CCF1
ECCF1
CCF2
ECCF2
CCF3
ECCF3
CF
ECF
LVF
ENLVFI
Interrupt Control Block
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MPC82x54A Data Sheet
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Watch Dog Timer
The watch dog timer in MPC82x54A consists of an 8-bit pre-scalar timer and a 15-bit timer.
The timer is one-time enabled by setting ENW. Clearing ENW can not stop WDT counting.
When the WDT is enabled, software should always reset the timer by writing 1 to CLRW bit
before the WDT overflows. If MPC82x54A is out of control by any disturbance, that means the
CPU can not run the software normally then WDT may miss the “writing 1 to CLRW” and
overflow will come. WDT overflow reset the CPU to restart. Associated with the WDTCR
SFR, a NVM option register bytes named OR3 are designed to enable WDT and initiate
WDTCR with initial states. See Option Register description to know in more details.
1/256
1/128
1/64
1/32
1/16
1/8
1/4
1/2
8-bit prescalar
15-bit timer
Fosc/12
IDLE
WRF
-
ENW
CLRW
WIDL
PS2
PS1
PS0
WDTCR Register
To make good use of the watch-dog-timer, the user should take notice on SFR WDTCR.
SFR: WDTCR (WDT Control Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
WRF
-
ENW
CLRW
WIDL
PS2
PS1
PS0
WRF: = When WDT overflows, this bit is set. It can be cleared by software.
ENW: = Control bit to enable Watch-Dog-Timer. (One-time enabled, can not be disabled)
0:= (default)
Disable Watch Dog Timer
1:=
Enable Watch Dog Timer start counting
CLRW: = Set this bit to recount WDT. Hardware will automatically clear this bit.
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MPC82x54A Data Sheet
33
WIDL: = Behavior controller of the WDT while the device is put under idle
0:= (default)
Stop Watch Dog Timer counting
1:=
Keep Watch Dog Timer counting (so further reset could happen)
{PS2, PS1, PS0 }: selector of the WDT pre-scalar output.
{0, 0, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 2
{0, 0, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 4
{0, 1, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 8
{0, 1, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 16
{1, 0, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 32
{1, 0, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 64
{1, 1, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 128
{1, 1, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 256
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MPC82x54A Data Sheet
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Universal Asynchronous Serial Port (UART)
The serial port of MPC82x54A is duplex. It can transmit and receive simultaneously. The
receiving and transmitting of the serial port share the same SFR SBUF, but actually there are
two SBUF registers implemented in the chip. One is for transmitting and the other is for
receiving. The serial port can be operated in 4 different modes.
Mode 0
Generally, this mode purely is used to extend the I/O features of this device.
Operating under this mode, the device receives the serial data or transmits the serial data via
pin RXD while there is a clock stream shifted via pin TXD which makes convenient for external
synchronization. An 8-bit data is serially transmitted/received with LSB first. The baud rate is
fixed at 1/12 the oscillator frequency. If AUXR.5 (URM0X6) is set, the baud rate is 1/2
oscillator frequency.
Mode1
A 10-bits data is serially transmitted through pin TXD or received through pin RXD. The frame
data includes a start bit (0), 8 data bits and a stop bit (1). After finishing a receiving, the device
will keep the stop bit in RB8 which from SRF SCON.
Baud Rate (for Mode 1)
2 SMOD
32
=
X
(Timer-1 overflow rate)
Mode2
An 11-bit data is serially transmitted through TXD or received through RXD. The frame data
includes a start bit (0), 8 data bits, a programmable 9th bit, and a stop bit (1). On transmit, the
9th data bit comes from TB8 in SFR SCON. On receive, the 9th data bit goes into RB8 in
SCON. The baud rate is programmable, and permitted to be set either 1/32 or 1/64 the
oscillator frequency.
Baud Rate (for Mode 2)
MEGAWIN
=
2 SMOD
64
X
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
Fosc
35
Mode3
Mode 3 is the same as mode 2 except the baud rate is variable.
Baud Rate (for Mode 3) =
2 SMOD
32
X
(Timer-1 overflow rate)
In all four modes, transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination
register. Reception is initiated in mode 0 by the condition RI = 0 and REN = 1. Reception is
initiated in the other modes by the incoming start bit with 1-to-0 transition if REN=1.
There are several SFRs related to serial port configuration described as following.
SFR: SCON (Serial Control)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
SM0/FE
SM1
SM2
REN
TB8
RB8
TI
RI
FE:= Frame Error bit
This bit is set by the receiver when an invalid stop bit is detected. The FE bit is not cleared by
valid frames but should be cleared by software. The SMOD0 bit must be set to enable access
to the FE bit.
{ SM0, SM1 }:= Used to set operating mode of the serial port.
{ 0, 0 }:= set the serial port operate under Mode 0
{ 0, 1 }:= set the serial port operate under Mode 1
{ 1, 0 }:= set the serial port operate under Mode 2
{ 1, 1 }:= set the serial port operate under Mode 3
SM2:= Enable the automatic address recognition feature in mode 2 and 3.
If SM2=1, RI will not be set unless the received 9th data bit is 1, indicating an address, and
the received byte is a Given or Broadcast address. In mode1, if SM2=1, RI will not be set
unless a valid stop Bit was received, and the received byte is a Given or Broadcast
address.
REN:= Enable the serial port reception.
0:= (default)
Disable the serial port reception.
1:=
Enable the serial port reception.
TB8:= The 9th data bit, which will be transmitted in Mode 2 and Mode 3.
RB8:= In mode 2 and 3, the received 9th data bit will be put into this bit.
TI:= Transmitting done flag. After a transmitting has been finished, the hardware will set this bit.
RI:= Receive done flag. After reception has been finished, the hardware will set this bit.
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MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
SFR: SBUF (Serial Buffer)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
(data to be transmitted or received data)
Frame Error Detection
When used for frame error detect, the UART looks for missing stop bits in the communication.
A missing bit will set the FE bit in the SCON register. The FE bit shares the SCON.7 bit with
SM0 and the function of SCON.7 is determined by PCON.6 (SMOD0). If SMOD0 is set then
SCON.7 functions as FE. When SMOD0 is cleared, SCON.7 functions as SM0. When used as
FE, SCON.7 can only be cleared by software.
Automatic Address Recognition
There is an extra feature makes the device convenient to act as a master, which
communicates to multiple slaves simultaneously. It is really Automatic Address Recognition.
There are two SFR SADDR and SADEN implemented in the device. The user can read or
write both of them. Finally, the hardware will make use of these two SFR to “generate” a
“compared byte”. The formula specifies as following.
Bit[ i ] of Compared Byte = (SADEN[ i ] == 1 )?
SADDR[ i ]
:
x
For example:
Set SADDR = 11000000b
Set SADEN = 11111101b
Ö The achieved “Compared Byte” will be “110000x0”
(x means don’t care)
For another example:
Set SADDR = 11100000b
Set SADEN = 11111010b
Ö The achieved “Compared Byte” will be “11100x0x”
After the generic “Compared Byte” has been worked out, the MPC82x54A will make use of
this byte to determine how to set the bit RI in SFR SCON.
Normally, an UART will set bit RI whenever it has done a byte reception; but, for the UART in
the MPC82x54A, if the bit SM2 is set, it will set RI according to the following formula.
RI
=
(SM2 == 1) && (SBUF == Compared Byte) && (RB8 == 1)
In other words, not all data reception will respond to RI while specific data does.
By setting the SADDR and the SADEN, the user can filter out those data byte that doesn’t like
to care. This feature brings great help to reduce software overhead.
The above feature adapts to the serial port when operated in Mode1, Mode2, and Mode3.
Dealing with Mode 0, the user can ignore it.
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MPC82x54A Data Sheet
37
Programmable Counter Array (PCA)
The Programmable Counter Array is a special 16-bit Timer that has four 16-bit
capture/compare modules associated with it.
Each of the modules can be programmed to
operate in one of four modes:
z
rising and/or falling edge capture (calculator of duty length for high/low pulse)
z
software timer
z
high-speed output
z
pulse width modulator
Each module has a pin associated with it.
Module-0 is connected to pin P3.7,
module-1 to pin P3.5,
module-2 to pin P2.0,
module-3 to pin P2.4.
The PCA timer is a common time base for all four modules and can be programmed to run at
1/12 the oscillator frequency, 1/2 the oscillator frequency, the Timer-0 overflow, or the input on
pin ECI (P3.4). The timer count source is determined from CPS1 and CPS0 bits in the SFR
CMOD.
Module-0
Capture/Compare
P3.7/CEX0
Register
16 Bit
PCA
Timer/Counter
Module-1
Capture/Compare
P3.5/CEX1
Register
Module-2
Capture/Compare
P2.0/CEX2
Register
Module-3
Capture/Compare
P2.4/CEX3
Register
Programmable Counter Array
In the CMOD SFR, there are two additional bits associated with the PCA. One of them is CIDL
which determines if to stop the PCA while the MCU is put under idle. The other bit is ECF
which controls if to pass the interrupt from PCA into the MCU.
The CCON SFR contains the run control bit for PCA and several flags for the PCA timer and
each module. To start the PCA counting, the CR bit (CCON.6) must be set by software;
oppositely, clearing bit CR will shut off the PCA. There is a bit named CF in SFR CCON. The
38
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
CF bit (CCON.7) will be set when the PCA timer overflows, and an interrupt will be generated
if the ECF (CMOD.0) is set. The CF bit can only be cleared by software. There are four bits
named CCF0, CCF1, CCF2 and CCF3 in SFR CCON. Those bits serve as flags for module-0,
module-1, module-2, and module-3 respectively. They are set by hardware when either a
match or a capture occurs. These flags also can only be cleared by software.
Fosc/12
To PCA module
Fosc/2
CH
Timer0 overflow
CL
PCA
interrupt
16-bit counter
External input
ECI (P3.4)
IDLE
CIDL
-
-
-
CF
CR
-
-
-
CPS1 CPS0
CCF3 CCF2
ECF
CCF1 CCF0
CMOD
CCON
PCA Timer/Counter
SFR: CMOD (PCA Counter Mode Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
CIDL
-
-
-
-
CPS1
CPS0
ECF
CIDL:= Behavior control of the PCA.
0:= (default)
Disable counting of the PCA counter while the MCU is put under idle state.
1:=
Enable counting of the PCA counter while the MCU is put under idle state.
{ CPS1, CPS0 }:= Used to select the clocking source for PCA counter
{ 0, 0 }:= set the frequency of the PCA counter clock source as oscillator’s frequency over 12
{ 0, 1 }:= set the frequency of the PCA counter clock source as oscillator’s frequency over 2
{ 1, 0 }:= set the PCA counter clock source as Timer-0 overflow
{ 1, 1 }:= set the PCA counter clock source as pin ECI(pin P3.4)
ECF:= Control bit of deciding if to pass interrupt from PCA timer overflow to the MCU
0:= (default)
Inhibit the interrupt from PCA timer to the MCU
1:=
Permit the interrupt from PCA timer to the MCU
SFR: CCON (PCA Counter Control Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
CF
CR
-
-
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCF0
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
39
CF := PCA Counter overflow Flag
This bit must be set by hardware itself. It can be cleared by software program.
CR := PCA Run control bit
0:= (default)
Disable counting of the PCA counter
1:=
Start counting of the PCA counter
CCF3 := Module-3 interrupt Flag
This bit must be set by hardware itself when a match or capture from module-3 occurs.
It can be cleared by software program.
A match means the value of the PCA counter equals the value of the Capture/Compare
Register in the module-3.
A capture means a specific edge from CEX3 happens, so the Capture/Compare register
latches the value of the PCA counter, and the CCF3 is set.
CCF2 := Module-2 interrupt Flag
This bit must be set by hardware itself when a match or capture from module-2 occurs.
It can be cleared by software program.
A match means the value of the PCA counter equals the value of the Capture/Compare
Register in the module-2.
A capture means a specific edge from CEX2 happens, so the Capture/Compare register
latches the value of the PCA counter, and the CCF2 is set.
CCF1 := Module-1 interrupt Flag
This bit must be set by hardware itself when a match or capture from module-1 occurs.
It can be cleared by software program.
A match means the value of the PCA counter equals the value of the Capture/Compare
Register in the module-1.
A capture means a specific edge from CEX1 happens, so the Capture/Compare register
latches the value of the PCA counter, and the CCF1 is set.
CCF0 := Module-0 interrupt Flag
This bit must be set by hardware itself when a match or capture from module-0 occurs.
It can be cleared by software program.
A match means the value of the PCA counter equals the value of the Capture/Compare
Register in the module-0.
A capture means a specific edge from CEX0 happens, so the Capture/Compare register
latches the value of the PCA counter, and the CCF0 is set.
Each module in the PCA has a special function register associated with it: CCAPM0 for
module-0, CCAPM1 for module-1, CCAPM2 for module-2 and CCAPM3 for module-3. The
register contains those bits that control the mode in which each module will operate. The
ECCFn bit controls if to pass the interrupt from CCFn flag in the CCON SFR to the MCU when
a match or compare occurs in the associated module. PWMn enables the pulse width
modulation mode. The TOGn bit when set causes the pin CEXn output associated with the
module to toggle when there is a match between the PCA counter and the module’s
Capture/Compare register. The match bit(MATn) when set will cause the CCFn bit in the
CCON register to be set when there is a match between the PCA counter and the module’s
Capture/Compare register.
The next two bits CAPNn and CAPPn determine the edge type that a capture input will be
active on. The CAPNn bit enables the negative edge, and the CAPPn bit enables the positive
40
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
edge. If both bits are set, both edges will be enabled, and a capture will occur for either
transition. The bit ECOMn when set enables the comparator function.
SFR: CL (PCA Counter Low Byte)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Bit-1
Bit-0
SFR: CH (PCA Counter High Byte)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
SFR: CCAP0L (Low byte of PCA module-0 Compare/Capture register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Low Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 0
SFR: CCAP0H (High byte of PCA module-0 Compare/Capture register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
High Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 0
SFR: CCAP1L (Low byte of PCA module-1 Compare/Capture register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Low Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 1
SFR: CCAP1H (High byte of PCA module-1 Compare/Capture register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
High Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 1
SFR: CCAP2L (Low byte of PCA module-2 Compare/Capture register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Low Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 2
SFR: CCAP2H (High byte of PCA module-2 Compare/Capture register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
High Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 2
SFR: CCAP3L (Low byte of PCA module-3 Compare/Capture register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Low Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 3
SFR: CCAP3H (High byte of PCA module-3 Compare/Capture register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
High Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 3
SFR: CCAPM0 (PCA Module-0 Mode Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
ECOM0
CAPP0
CAPN0
MAT0
TOG0
PWM0
ECCF0
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
SFR: CCAPM1 (PCA Module-1 Mode Register)
Bit-7
MEGAWIN
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
41
-
ECOM1
CAPP1
CAPN1
MAT1
TOG1
PWM1
ECCF1
SFR: CCAPM2 (PCA Module-2 Mode Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
ECOM2
CAPP2
CAPN2
MAT2
TOG2
PWM2
ECCF2
SFR: CCAPM3 (PCA Module-3 Mode Register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
ECOM3
CAPP3
CAPN3
MAT3
TOG3
PWM3
ECCF3
ECOMn := used to determine if Enable Comparator
0:= (default)
Disable the comparator function
1:=
Enable the comparator function
CAPPn := configure the module-n’s register to latch the PCA counter on Positive edge of EXIn
or not
0:= (default)
configure the module-n’s register not to latch the PCA counter on CEXn posedge.
1:=
configure the module-n’s register to latch the PCA counter on CEXn posedge.
CAPNn := configure the module-n’s register to latch the PCA counter on Negative edge of
EXIn or not
0:= (default)
configure the module-n’s register not to latch the PCA counter on pin CEXn negedge.
1:=
configure the module-n’s register to latch the PCA counter on pin CEXn negedge.
MATn := used to determine if set the bit CCFn in SFR CCON while a match from module-n
occurs..
0:= (default)
Don’t set the bit CCFn while a match occurs between the PCA counter and module-n’s
register.
1:=
Set the bit CCFn while a match occurs between the PCA counter and module-n’s
register.
TOGn := Toggle the output pin
0:= (default)
Don’t toggle the pin CEXn while a match occurs between the PCA counter and
module-n’s register.
1:=
Toggle the pin CEXn while a match occurs between the PCA counter and
module-n’s register.
PWMn := Enable plus width modulation mode n .
0:= (default)
Inhibit the PWM functionality from module-n output to pin CEXn
1:=
Enable the pin CEXn as the output of the PWM functionality from module-n
ECCFn := Enable the CCFn flag in the CCON SFR to generate an interrupt.
0:= (default)
Inhibit the interrupt (CCFn) from module-n to the MCU
1:=
Permit the interrupt (CCFn) from module-n to the MCU
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MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Configure PCA Module
ECOMn CAPPn CAPNn
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
ECCFn
Module function
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
No operation
X
1
0
0
0
0
X
16-bit capture by a positive-edge trigger on
CEXn
X
0
1
0
0
0
X
16-bit capture by a negative trigger on CEXn
X
1
1
0
0
0
X
16-bit capture by a transition on CEXn
1
0
0
1
0
0
X
16-bit Software Timer
1
0
0
1
1
0
X
16-bit High Speed Output
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
8-bit PWM
PCA Capture Mode
To use one of the PCA modules in the capture mode, one or both of bits CAPPn and CAPNn
in SFR CCAPMn should be set. The external CEXn input for the module is sampled for a
transition. When a valid transition occurs, the PCA hardware loads the value of the PCA
counter register (CH and CL) into the module’s capture registers (CCAPnH and CCAPnL). If
the bit CCFn for the module in the SFR CCON and the bit ECCFn in the SFR CCAPMn are
set then an interrupt will be generated.
CF
CR
-
-
CCF3
CCF2 CCF1
CCF0
CCON
PCA
interrupt
CH
CL
CAPTURE
CEXn
CCAPnH CCAPnL
-
ECOMn
CAPPn
0
CAPNn
MATn
0
TOGn
PWMn
0
0
ECCFn
MDnCON
PCA Capture Mode
16-bit Software Timer Mode
The PCA modules can be used as software timers by setting both the ECOMn and MATn bits
in the CCAPMn register. The PCA timer will be compared to the module’s capture registers,
and when a match occurs an interrupt will be generated if the CCFn and ECCFn bits for the
module are both set.
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
43
High Speed Output Mode
In this mode, the CEXn output (port latch) associated with the PCA module will toggle each
time a match occurs between the PCA counter and the module’s capture registers. To activate
this mode the TOGn, MATn, and ECOMn bits in the SFR CCAPMn must be set.
Pulse Width Modulator Mode
All of the PCA modules can be used as PWM outputs. The frequency of the output depends
on the PCA counter. All of the modules will have the same frequency of output because they
all share the PCA counter. The duty cycle of each module is independently variable using the
module’s capture register CCAPnL [7:0] and bits EPCnL in SFR PCAPWMn. When the value
of the SFR CL is less than the value in the module’s {EPCnL, CCAPnL [7:0]}, the output will
be low. When it is equal to or greater than, the output will be high. When CL overflows from
FFH to 00H, {EPCnL, CCAPnL [7:0]} is reloaded with the value in {EPCnH, CCAPnH [7:0]}.
That allows smoothly updating the PWM duty without glitches. The bits PWMn and ECOMn
bits in the CCAPMn must be set to enable the PWM mode.
SFR: PCAPWM0 (PCA PWM Mode Auxiliary Register 0 )
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
-
-
EPC0H
EPC0L
SFR: PCAPWM1 (PCA PWM Mode Auxiliary Register 1)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
-
-
EPC1H
EPC1L
SFR: PCAPWM2 (PCA PWM Mode Auxiliary Register 2)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
-
-
EPC2H
EPC2L
SFR: PCAPWM3 (PCA PWM Mode Auxiliary Register 3)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
-
-
EPC3H
EPC3L
EPCnL := concatenated with CCAPnL, used to control the duty of the PWM output
The bit EPCnL is going to be combined with CCAPnL to form a 9-bit data which will
be compared with PCA counter low byte CL, so to determine the duty of the module-n’s PWM
output.
If
{CL[7:0]} < { EPCnL, CCAPnL[7:0]} , PWM output LOW
else
PWM output HIGH
EPCnH := Reloaded value of
44
EPCnL while CL[7:0] counts from FFH to 00H
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Write to CCAPnL
Write to CCAPnH
CF
0
CR
CCF3
-
-
CCF2 CCF1 CCF0
CCON
1
PCA
interrupt
CCAPnH
CCAPnL
To CCFn
16-bit
comparator
Enable
CH
MATCH
CL
-
ECOMn
CAPPn
CAPNn
0
MATn
0
TOGn
PWMn
0
0
ECCFn
CCAPMn
PCA Software Timer Mode
Write to CCAPnL
Write to CCAPnH
CF
0
CR
CCF3 CCF2 CCF1 CCF0
-
-
CCON
1
PCA
interrupt
CCAPnH
CCAPnL
To CCFn
Toggle
Enable
16-bit
comparator
CH
MATCH
CEXn
CL
-
ECOMn
CAPPn
0
CAPNn
0
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
1
0
ECCFn
CCAPMn
PCA High-Speed Ouput Mode
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
45
CCAPnH
E P C nH
0
{0, C L [7:0]} < {E P CnL , C C A Pn L[7 :0]}
CEXn
C C A P nL
E P C nL
{0, C L [7:0 ]} >= {EP Cn L, C C A P nL[7:0 ]}
1
E n able
9-B IT
COMPARATOR
CL
0
C L overflow
ECOMn
C A P Pn
0
CAPNn
0
M A Tn
0
TO G n
PW Mn
0
E C C Fn
CCAPM n
0
P C A P W M m ode
46
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
The device provides another high-speed serial communication interface, the SPI interface.
The SPI is a full-duplex, high-speed, synchronous communication bus with two operation
modes: Master mode and Slave mode. Up to 3Mbit/s can be supported in either Master or
Slave mode under the Fosc=12MHz. Two status flags are provided to signal the transfer
completion and write-collision occurrence.
Shift In Register
P1.6
(MISO)
Shift Out Register
P1.5
(MOSI)
Clock Divider
Fosc
4,
16,
64
128
I/O control
P1.7
(SPICLK)
SPI Control
SSIG
SPEN DORD MSTR
SPIF
WCOL
-
-
P1.4
(SS)
CPOL CPHA SPR1
-
-
-
SPR0
-
SPICTL
SPISTAT
SPI block diagram
There are three pins implementing the SPI functionality. One of them is SPICLK (P1.7), next is
MISO (P1.6), and the last is MOSI (P1.5). An extra pin SS (P1.4) is designed to configure the
SPI to run under Master or Slave mode. Data flows from master to slave via MOSI (Master
Out Slave In) pin, and flows from slave to master via MISO (Master In Slave Out) pin. The
SPICLK plays as an output pin when the device works under Master mode. At the same time,
as an input pin when the device works under Slave mode. If the SPI system is disabled, i.e.,
SPEN (SPICTL.6) =0, these pins are configured as general-purposed I/O port (P1.4 ~ P1.7).
Two devices with SPI interface communicate with each other via one synchronous clock
signal, i.e., one input data signal, and one output data signal. There are two concerns the user
could take care. One of them is latching data on the negative edge or positive edge of the
clock signal which named polarity. And the other is keeping the clock signal low or high while
the device idle which named phase. Permuting those states from polarity and phase, there
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
47
could be four modes formed, they are SPI-MODE-0, SPI-MODE-1, SPI-MODE-2, and
SPI-MODE-3. Many device declares that they meet SPI mechanism, but few of them are
adaptive to all four modes. The MPC82x54A is flexible enough to be configured to
communicate to another device with MODE-0, MODE-1, MODE-2 or MODE-3 SPI, and play
part of Master and Slave.
There is a SFR named SPICTL designed to configure the SPI behavior of the device.
SFR: SPICTL (SPI Control register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
SSIG
SPEN
DORD
MSTR
CPOL
CPHA
SPR1
SPR0
SSIG: = used to determine if Ignore the pin SS
0: = (default)
Reserve the function of pin SS
1: =
Ignore the SS pin function
SPEN: = Enable the SPI
0: = (default)
Disable the SPI function. All related pins play as general-purposed I/O ports.
1: =
Enable the SPI function.
DORD: = Data Order
0: = (default)
Transmit/Receive the MSB of the data byte first.
1: =
Transmit/Receive the LSB of the data byte first.
MSTR: = Set to Master mode
0: = (default)
Set the SPI to play as Slave part.
1: =
Set the SPI to play as Master part.
CPOL: = Clock Polarity
0: = (default)
Set the SPICLK as LOW while the communication is kept idle. That implies the leading
edge of the clock is the rising edge, and the trailing edge is the falling edge.
1: =
Set the SPICLK as HIGH while the communication is kept idle. That implies the leading
edge of the clock is the falling edge, and the trailing edge is the falling rising edge.
CPHA: = Clock Phase
0: = (default)
Data is driven when pin SS is low and changes on the trailing edge of SPICLK,
and is sampled on the leading edge. (This setting is only valid while SSIG==0.)
1: =
Data is driven on the leading edge of SPICLK, and is sampled on the trailing edge.
{SPR1, SPR0}: = SPI clock Rate selector
{0,0}: = (default)
Set the clock rate of the SPI as the frequency of the clock source over 4.
{0,1}: =
Set the clock rate of the SPI as the frequency of the clock source over 16.
48
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
{1,0}: =
Set the clock rate of the SPI as the frequency of the clock source over 64.
{1,1}: =
Set the clock rate of the SPI as the frequency of the clock source over 128.
There are two extra SFRs make relation with SPI application.
SFR: SPIDAT (SPI Data register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Data to be transmitted or Data received
The SFR SPIDAT holds the data to be transmitted or the data received.
SFR: SPISTAT (SPI Status register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
SPIF
WCOL
-
-
-
-
-
-
SPIF: = SPI transfer completion flag.
When a serial transfer finishes, the SPIF bit is set and an interrupt is generated if both the
ESPI (IE.5) bit and the EA (IE.7) bit are set. If SS is an input and is driven low when SPI is
in master mode with SSIG=0, SPIF will also be set to signal the “mode change”. The SPIF
is cleared in software by “writing 1 to this bit”.
WCOL: = SPI Write Collision flag
The WCOL bit is set if the SPI data register SPIDAT is written during a data transfer. The
WCOL flag is cleared in software by “writing 1 to this bit”.
Configure the device to Master/Slave mode
SPEN SSIG
0
X
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
MEGAWIN
SS
X
0
1
0
1
X
X
MSTR
X
0
0
1→0
1
0
1
Mode
SPI disable
Active Salve
InActive Slave
slave
Master
Slave
Master
MISO
GPI/O
output
Hi-Z
output
input
output
input
MOSI
GPI/O
input
input
input
output
input
output
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
SPICLK
GPI/O
input
input
input
output
input
output
Remark
SPI is disabled.
Selected as slave
Not selected.
Convert from Master to Slave
SPICLK depends on CPOL
Slave
Master
49
Typical Connection
MISO
MISO
MOSI
MOSI
SPICLK
SPICLK
Port Pin
SS
Master
Slave
SPI single master single slave configurartion
MISO
MISO
MOSI
MOSI
SPICLK
SPICLK
SS
SS
Master/Slave
Slave/Master
SPI dual device configuarion, where either can be a master or a slave
MISO
MISO
MOSI
MOSI
SPICLK
SPICLK
Slave #1
Port Pin 1
SS
Master
MISO
MOSI
Slave #2
SPICLK
Port Pin 2
SS
SPI single master multiple slaves configurartion
50
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Communication
In SPI, transfers are always initiated by the master. If the SPI is enabled (SPEN=1) and
selected as master, any instruction that use SPI data register SPIDAT as the destination will
starts the SPI clock generator and a data transfer. The data will start to appear on MOSI about
one half SPI bit-time to one SPI bit-time after it. Before starting the transfer, the master may
select a slave by driving the SS pin of the corresponding device low. Data written to the
SPIDAT register of the master shifted out of MOSI pin of the master to the MOSI pin of the
slave. And, at the same time, the data in SPIDAT register of the selected slave is shifted out of
MISO pin to the MISO pin of the master. During one byte transfer, data in the master and in
the slave is interchanged. After shifting one byte, the transfer completion flag (SPIF) is set and
an interrupt will be created if the SPI interrupt is enabled.
If SPEN=1, SSIG=0, SS pin=1 and MSTR=1, the SPI is enabled in master mode. Before the
instruction that use SPIDAT as the destination register, the master is in idle state and can be
selected as slave device by any other master drives the idle master SS pin low. Once this
happened, MSTR bit of the idle master is cleared by hardware and changes its state to a
selected slave. User software should always check the MSTR bit. If this bit is cleared by the
mode change of SS pin and if the user wants to continue to use the SPI as a master later, the
user must set the MSTR bit again; otherwise, it will always stay in slave mode.
The SPI is single buffered in transmit direction and double buffered in receive direction. New
data for transmission can not be written to the shift register until the previous transaction is
complete. The WCOL bit is set to signal data collision when the data register is written during
transaction. In this case, the data currently being transmitted will continue to be transmitted,
but the new data which causing the collision will be lost. For receiving data, received data is
transferred into a internal parallel read data buffer so that the shift register is free to accept a
second byte. However, the received byte must be read from the data register (SPIDAT) before
the next byte has been completely transferred. Otherwise the previous byte is lost. WCOL can
be cleared in software by “writing 1 to the bit”.
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
51
Typical Timing Diagram
1
Clock Cycle
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
SPICLK(CPOL=0)
Driven from Master
SPICLK(CPOL=1)
Driven from Master
MOSI (input)
Driven from Master
DORD=0
MSB
DORD=1
LSB
6
1
5
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
1
6
MSB
6
1
5
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
1
6
MSB
LSB
MOSI turns to input
DORD=0
MISO (output)
MSB
LSB
DORD=1
LSB
MISO turns to output
SS pin (if SSIG bit = 0 )
Driven from Master
SPI slave transfer format with CPHA=0
1
Clock Cycle
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
SPICLK(CPOL=0)
Driven from Master
SPICLK(CPOL=1)
Driven from Master
MOSI (input)
Driven from Master
DORD=0
MSB
DORD=1
LSB
6
1
5
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
1
6
MSB
6
1
5
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
1
6
MSB
LSB
MOSI turns to input
DORD=0
MISO (output)
DORD=1
MSB
LSB
LSB
MISO turns to output
SS pin (if SSIG bit = 0 )
Driven from Master
SPI slave transfer format with CPHA=1
1
Clock Cycle
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
SPICLK is strongly output-driving.
SPICLK(CPOL=0)
SPICLK(CPOL=1)
SPEN=0 or MSTR=0, MOSI switched not to output
data of SPI communication, also SPICLK is
released from SPI control
SPEN=1 and MSTR=1, MOSI turns to output data
MISO turns to input data
MOSI (Output)
DORD=0
MSB
DORD=1
LSB
6
1
5
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
1
6
MSB
5
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
1
6
MSB
LSB
MOV SPDAT,#data in software
MISO (Input)
Driven from the target slave
DORD=0
MSB
DORD=1
LSB
6
1
LSB
Target slave SS pin
Control GPIO pin by software
SS pin( if SSIG=0)
SPI master transfer format with CPHA=0
52
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
1
Clock Cycle
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
SPICLK is strongly output-driving.
SPICLK(CPOL=0)
SPICLK(CPOL=1)
SPEN=0 or MSTR=0, MOSI switched not to output
data of SPI communication, also SPICLK is
released from SPI control
SPEN=1 and MSTR=1, MOSI turns to output data
MISO turns to input data
MOSI (Output)
DORD=0
MSB
DORD=1
LSB
6
1
5
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
1
6
MSB
4
3
3
4
2
5
1
6
MSB
LSB
MOV SPDAT,#data in software
MISO (Input)
DORD=0
MSB
Driven from the target slave
DORD=1
LSB
6
1
5
2
LSB
Target slave SS pin
Control GPIO pin by software
SS pin( if SSIG=0)
SPI master transfer format with CPHA=1
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
53
Analog to Digital Converter
ADCTL Register
ADCON
SPEED1 SPEED0
ADCI ADCS CHS2 CHS1 CHS0
ADCVL Register
-
-
-
-
-
B1
-
B0
ADCV Register
P1.7(AIN7)
P1.6(AIN6)
P1.5(AIN5)
P1.4(AIN4)
P1.3(AIN3)
P1.2(AIN2)
P1.1(AIN1)
P1.0(AIN0)
B9
B8
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
+
Successive
Approximation
Regiter
Comparator
10-bit DAC
10
The ADC on MPC82x54A is an 10-bit resolution, successive-approximation approach, and
medium-speed A/D converter. VREFP / VREFM is the positive/negative reference voltage input for
internal voltage-scaling DAC use, and the typical sink current on it is 600uA ~ 1mA. For
MPC82x54A, these two references are internally tied to VDD and GND, separately.
Conversion is invoked since ADCS bit is set. Prior to ADC conversion, the desired I/O ports for
analog inputs should be configured as input-only or open-drain mode first. The conversion
takes around a fourth cycles to sample analog input data and other three fourths cycles in
successive-approximation steps. Total conversion time is controlled by two register bits –
SPEED1 and SPEED0. Analog input source comes from P1.x, one of the eight-channels is
multiplexed by analog multiplexer into the comparator. When conversion is completed, the
result will be saved onto {ADCV[7:0], ADCVL[1:0]} register. After the result has been loaded
onto {ADCV[7:0], ADCVL[1:0]} register, ADCI will be set. ADCI associated with its enable
register AUXR.4(EADCI), shares ESPI bit with SPI block to control the interrupt. ADCI should
be cleared in software. The ADC interrupt service routine vectors to 2BH . When the chip
enters idle mode or power-down mode, the power of ADC is turned off by hardware.
Vin – VREFM
{ADCV,ADCVL[1:0] = 1024 X
54
VREFP - VREFM
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
SFR: ADCTL (ADC Control register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
ADCON
SPEED1
SPEED0
ADCI
ADCS
CHS2
CHS1
CHS0
ADCON :=
When clear shut down the power of ADC block. When set turn on the power
of ADC block.
{SPEED1, SPEED0}:= Conversion speed selector
{0,0}:= (default)
A conversion takes 1080 clock cycles
{0,1}:=
A conversion takes 810 clock cycles
{1,0}:=
A conversion takes 540 clock cycles
{1,1}:=
A conversion takes 270 clock cycles
ADCS := ADC Start control
Set to start an A/D conversion. It will be automatically cleared by the device
after the device has finished the conversion.
ADCI := ADC Interrupt flag
It will be set by the device after the device has finished a conversion, and
should be cleared by the user’s software.
{CHS2, CHS1, CHS0} := Input Channel Selector
{0,0,0}:= (default)
Set P1.0 as the A/D channel input
{0,0,1}:=
Set P1.1 as the A/D channel input
{0,1,0}:=
Set P1.2 as the A/D channel input
{0,1,1}:=
Set P1.3 as the A/D channel input
{1,0,0}:=
Set P1.4 as the A/D channel input
{1,0,1}:=
Set P1.5 as the A/D channel input
{1,1,0}:=
Set P1.6 as the A/D channel input
{1,1,1}:=
Set P1.7 as the A/D channel input
SFR: ADCV (ADC Result Register):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
ADCV.9
ADCV.8
ADCV.7
ADCV.6
ADCV.5
ADCV.4
ADCV.3
ADCV.2
SFR: ADCVL (ADC Result Low):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
-
-
ADCV.1
ADCV.0
The {ADCV[7:0], ADCVL[1:0]} is the final result from the A/D conversion.
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
55
Built-In Oscillator
There is an oscillator built in the MPC82x54A which can be used as the oscillating source
replacing the external crystal oscillator in some specific applications.
To enable the built-in oscillator, an user must configure the device by clearing(enable) the bit
ENROSC in NVM register OR2 via a general writer.
Making use of the built-in oscillator saves the cost of a crystal oscillator.
Typically, the frequency of the built-in oscillator is designed as 6 MHz at 25 ℃. Dealing with
temperature variation, the frequency could vary from 4.2 MHz to 7.8 MHz (~30%). It is
designed for applications which don’t ask very precise oscillating frequency.
Power-Up and Low Voltage Detector and Reset
This device will never start to work until the power supply reach about 3.3V/1.9V(Operate in
the 5V/3V); however, that is not stable voltage supply to provide well writing for the embedded
flash.
There is a Low-Voltage detector(LVD) built in this device. While the voltage supply is dropping
cross about 3.7V/2.3V(Operate in the 5V/3V) for Fosc=12MHz, the LVD will set bit
LVF(PCON.5). Initially the bit LVF will be set after power-up, and the user should clear it for
further detecting.
There is another bit ENLVFI(AUXR.2) designed to decide if to enable an interrupt to the MCU
while the bit LVF(PCON.5) is set. This mechanism is convenient to inform the MCU take some
emergent action.
The user can configure the device to inhibit the flash read and write actions from ISP and IAP
statements
by
clearing
bit
LVFWP(OR0.7)
while
the
voltage
level
falls
under
3.7V/2.3V(Operate in the 5V/3V).
If the user never likes to let the device work under power supply less than 3.7V/2.3V (Operate
in the 5V/3V), he can configure the device to automatically go to reset state by clearing bit
ENLVR(OR0.6). It is named Low-Voltage-Reset.
SPECIAL NOTE ON LOW-VOLTAGE-DETECTOR: The Low-Voltage-Detector is not a
precise detector. The threshold voltage depends on temperature change. Lower the
temperature goes, higher the threshold voltage rises. During temperature scope (-40℃,
85℃), the threshold voltage falls between scope (2.7V, 1.8V) for MPC82L54, and (4.2V,
3.2V) for MPC82E54. To control the low-voltage detection and reset, also the use must
read another document “Initial Configuration.pdf” from Megawin which describes the
initial option register settings.
56
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Power Management
IDLE Mode
An instruction setting PCON.0 causes the device go into the idle mode, the internal clock is
gated off to the CPU but not to the interrupt, timer, PCA, SPI, ADC, WDT and serial port
functions.
There are two ways to terminate the idle. Activation of any enabled interrupt will cause
PCON.0 to be cleared by hardware in order to terminating the idle mode. The interrupt will be
serviced, and following RETI instruction: the next instruction to be executed will be performed
right after the instruction that puts the device into idle. Another way to wake-up from idle is to
pull pin RST high to generate internal hardware reset.
Divider for system clock
A clock divider(CLKDIV) in the frond end of the device is designed to slow down the operation
speed of MPC82x54A, and by doing that is to save the operating power dynamically. Different
from the same register in MPC82x54A MCU, the content in PCON2 is always effective without
the need to operate in IDLE mode.
SFR: PCON2 (Power Control 2)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
-
CKS2
CKS1
CKS0
{CKS2, CKS1, CKS0}: Clock selector under idle mode
{0, 0,0} : = (default)
In idle mode, clock is not divided (default state)
{0, 0, 1} : =
In idle mode, clock is divided by 2
{0, 1, 0} : =
In idle mode, clock is divided by 4
{0, 1, 1} : =
In idle mode, clock is divided by 8
{1, 0, 0} : =
In idle mode, clock is divided by 16
{1, 0, 1} : =
In idle mode, clock is divided by 32
{1, 1, 0} : =
In idle mode, clock is divided by 64
{1, 1, 1} : =
In idle mode, clock is divided by 128
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
57
POWER-DOWN
Mode
An instruction setting PCON.1 causes the device go into the POWER-DOWN mode. In the
POWER-DOWN mode, the on-chip oscillator is stopped. The contents of on-chip RAM and
SFRs are maintained.
The power-down mode can be woken-up by either pin RST event or interrupt from INT0 or
INT1. When it is woken-up by RST, the program will execute from the address 0x0000. Be
careful to keep RST pin active for at least 10ms in order for a stable clock. If it is woken-up
from pin INT0 or INT1, the CPU will rework through jumping to related interrupt service routine.
Before the CPU rework, the clock is blocked and counted until 32768 in order for de-bouncing
the unstable clock. To use INT0/INT1 wake-up, interrupt-related registers have to be enabled
and programmed accurately before entering power-down. Pay attention to add at least one
“NOP” instruction subsequent to the power-down instruction if I/O wake-up is used.
SFR: PCON (Power Control)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
SMOD
reserved0
LVF
POF
GF1
GF0
PD
IDL
SMOD:= Double baud rate of UART interface
0: =
Keep normal baud rate when the UART is used in mode 1,2 or 3.
1: =
Double baud rate when the UART is used in mode 1,2 or 3.
reserved0:= no use. Default set as 0. The user can not set it.
LVF:= Low-Voltage Flag
After power-up, this bit will be initially set. The user should clear it by his program.
Continuously on operating, it will be set if the power supply drops under 3.7V/2.3V
(Operate in the 5V/3V).
POF:= Power-On flag
This bit will be set after the device was powered on.
It must be cleared by the user’s software.
PD:= Power-Down switch
Set this bit to drive the device enter POWER-DOWN mode.
IDL:= Idle flag
Set this bit to drive the device enter IDLE mode.
58
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Reset and Boot Entrance
There could be five conditions will cause the device to be reset.
z
Power-Up
z
RST pin press
z
Watch Dog Timer overflows
z
Reset from Low-Voltage-Detector
z
Software invokes
The following procedure describes how does this device select the boot entrance.
Power-Up
If ( (HWBS==0) or (HWBS2==0) ) then
SWBS = 1
else
SWBS keeps unchanged
end
If (SWBS==1) {
Boot from ISP code
else
Boot from AP code
RST-pin press
If
(HWBS2==0) then
SWBS = 1
else
SWBS keeps unchanged
end
If (SWBS==1) {
Boot from ISP code
else
Boot from AP code
d
The RST pin is used to reset this device. It is connected into the device to a Schmitt
Trigger buffer to get excellent noise immunity.
Any positive pulse from RST pin must be kept at least 10us plus 36 oscillation cycles, or
the device cannot be reset.
WDT overflow, LVD reset, and Software reset
SWBS keeps unchanged
If (SWBS==1) {
Boot from ISP code
else
Boot from AP code
end
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
59
In System Programming and In Application Programming
In System Programming (ISP)
To develop a good program for ISP function, the user has to understand the architecture of the
embedded flash.
The embedded flash consists of 31 pages. Each page contains 512 bytes.
Dealing with flash, the user must erase it in page unit before writing (programming) data into
it.
Erasing flash means setting the content of that flash to FFh. Two erase modes are available in
this chip. One is mass mode and the other is page mode. The mass mode gets more
performance, but it erases the entire flash. The page mode has less performance, but it is
flexible because it erases flash in page unit.
Unlike RAM’s real-time operation, to erase flash or to write (program) flash often takes longer
time to finish.
Furthermore, it is a quite complex timing procedure to erase/program flash. Fortunately, the
MPC82x54A carried with convenient mechanism to help the user read/change the flash
content. Just filling the target address and data into several SFR, and triggering the built-in
ISP automation, the user can easily erase, read, and program the embedded flash.
There are several SFR designed to help the user implement the ISP functionality.
SFR: IFD (ISP Flash Data register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Data to be written into flash, or data got from flash
IFD is the data port register for ISP/IAP operation. The data in IFD will be written into the desired
address in operating ISP write and it is the data window of readout in operating ISP read.
SFR: IFADRH (ISP Flash Address High byte)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Must be cleared to 00
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
ISP/IAP address High byte
IFADRH is the high byte address for all ISP/IAP operation.
Against in advertise effect, if one bit of IFADRH [7:6] is set, the ISP write function must fail.
SFR: IFADRL (ISP Flash Address Low byte)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Bit-1
Bit-0
ISP/IAP address Low byte
IFADRL is the low byte address for all ISP/IAP operation.
SFR: IFMT (ISP Flash-operating Mode Table)
60
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
-
-
-
-
-
reserve0
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
Mode Selection
MEGAWIN
Mode Selection
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
To Operate
Standby
AP-memory read
AP-memory/Data-flash program
AP-memory/Data-flash page erase
SFR: SCMD (ISP Sequential Command register to trigger ISP/IAP operation)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
ISP-Command
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
/ Device ID
SCMD is the command port for triggering ISP activity. If SCMD is filled with sequential 46H, B9H and if
ISPCR.7 = 1, ISP activity will be triggered.
When this register is read, the device ID of MPC82x54A will be returned (2 bytes). The MSB byte of
this device ID is F3H and LSB byte 04H. IFADRL.0 is used to select HIGH/LOW byte of the device ID.
SFR: ISPCR (ISP Control register)
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
ISPEN
SWBS
SWRST
CFAIL
-
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
WAIT
ISPEN:= Determine if to Enable ISP/IAP functionality
0: =
Disable ISP program to change flash.
1: =
Enable ISP program to change flash.
SWBS:= Software Boot entrance Selector
0: =
Boot from main-memory.
1: =
Boot from ISP memory.
Note: This bit will be loaded with HWBS(OR0.3) after power-up moment.
SWRST:= Software Reset trigger
Setting this bit will cause the device reset.
CFAIL:= ISP/IAP Command Fail flag
0: =
The last ISP/IAP command has finished successfully.
1: =
The last ISP/IAP command fails. It could be caused since the access of flash memory
was inhibited.
WAIT:= Waiting time selection while the flash is busy.
ISPCR[2:0]
Page Erase
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
672384
504288
420240
252144
126072
63036
42024
21012
CPU Wait time (Oscillator cycle)
Program
Read
Recommended
System clock
1760
2
30M~24M
1320
2
24M~20M
1100
2
20M~12M
660
2
12M~6M
330
2
6M~3M
165
2
3M~2M
110
2
2M~1M
55
2
< 1M
Notice: Software reset actions could reset other SFR, but it never influences bits ISPEN and SWBS.
The ISPEN and SWBS only will be reset by power-up action, while not software reset.
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
61
Procedures demonstrating ISP function
IFMT ← xxxxx011B
ISPCR ← 100xx010B
IFADRH ← (page address high byte)
IFADRL ← (page address low byte)
SCMD ← 46h
SCMD ← B9h
(CPU progressing will be hold here )
(CPU continues)
/* choice page-erasing command */
/* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change.
set WAIT=010, 10942 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/
/* specify the address of the page to be erased */
/* trig ISP activity */
Erase a specific flash page
IFMT ← xxxxx010 B
ISPCR ← 100xx010B
IFADRH ← (Address high byte)
IFADRL ← (Address low byte)
IFD ← (byte date to be written into flash)
SCMD ← 46h
SCMD ← B9h
(CPU progressing will be hold here)
(CPU continues)
/* choice byte-programming command */
/* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change.
set WAIT=010, 60 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/
/* specify the address to be programmed */
/* prepare data source */
/* trig ISP activity */
Program a byte into flash
IFMT ← xxxxx001 B
ISPCR ← 100xx010B
/* choice byte-read command */
/* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change.
set WAIT=010, 11 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/
/* specify the address to be read */
IFADRH ← (Address high byte)
IFADRL ← (Address low byte)
SCMD ← 46h
/* trig ISP activity */
SCMD ← B9h
(CPU progressing will be hold here)
(CPU continues and currently IFD contain the desired data byte )
Read a byte from flash
62
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Switching from ISP program to AP program
The device permits the user normally start running own AP program as soon as the ISP
program has finished updating the flash content. Just program an instruction at the tail of ISP
program as
ISPCR ← x01xxxxxB
/* set SWBS=0 to boot from AP entrance.
set SWRST=1 to trigger software reset*/
which disables flash-writing authority, set SWBS 0, and trigger a software reset. After that, the
system will be reset (not powered-up), and the system will refer to SWBS so to startup from
AP program entrance. For power-up procedure, the HWBS will be referred to decide the
program entrance, but for software reset, SWBS will be referred to.
Switch to the ISP program from AP program
The device also permits the user program switches directly to the ISP program. Just program
an instruction in the AP program as
ISPCR ← x11xxxxxB
/* set SWBS=1 to boot from ISP entrance.
set SWRST=1 to trigger software reset*/
which sets SWBS 1 to direct the device boot from AP program, and trigger a software reset.
After that, the system will be reset (not powered-up), and the system will refer to SWBS so to
startup from ISP program entrance.
In-Application Program (IAP)
The In-Application Program feature is designed for user to Read/Write nonvolatile data flash.
It may bring great help to store parameters those should be independent of power-up and
power-done action. In other words, the user can restore data in data flash memory. After
shutting down and rebooting the MCU, user still can get the original value which previously
had stored in.
The user can program the data flash according to the same way as ISP program, and gets
deeper understanding related to SFR IFD, IFADRL, IFADRH, IFMT, SCMD, and ISPCR.
The data flash can be programmed by the AP program as well as the ISP program.
The ISP program may program the AP memory and data flash. Whereas the AP program may
program the data flash but not the ISP memory. If the AP program desires to change the ISP
memory associated with specific address space, the hardware will ignore it.
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
63
Avoid Inadvertent Data Lost from IAP/ISP
If the user invoke ISP/IAP function in own application, it is possible the MCU inadvertently
jumps to those ISP/IAP statements while the power supply drops under specific level. The
ISP/IAP statements could destroy the flash content.
To avoid the MCU inadvertently jumps to IAP/ISP instructions while the voltage falls under a
specific level on power-up and power-off moment, it is strongly suggested that the user
enables the Low-Voltage-Reset function by clearing bit ENLVR (OR0.6) to makes this device
never work under Low-Voltage.
Also the user should make great use of LVF (PCON.5) and ENLVFI (AUXR.2) to detect the
voltage dropping.
64
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Instructions Set
DATA TRASFER
DESCRIPTION
MNEMONIC
MOV A, Rn
MOV A, direct
MOV A, @Ri
MOV A, #data
MOV Rn, A
MOV Rn, direct
MOV Rn, #data
MOV direct, A
MOV direct, Rn
MOV direct, direct
MOV direct, @Ri
MOV direct, #data
MOV @Ri, A
MOV @Ri, direct
MOV @Ri, #data
MOV DPTR,#data16
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
MOVC A,@A+PC
MOVX A, @Ri
MOVX A, @DPTR
MOVX @Ri, A
MOVX @DPTR, A
PUSH direct
POP direct
XCH A, Rn
XCH A, direct
XCH A, @Ri
XCHD A, @Ri
Move register to Acc
Move direct byte o Acc
Move indirect RAM to Acc
Move immediate data to Acc
Move Acc to register
Move direct byte to register
Move immediate data to register
Move Acc to direct byte
Move register to direct byte
Move direct byte to direct byte
Move indirect RAM to direct byte
Move immediate data to direct byte
Move Acc to indirect RAM
Move direct byte to indirect RAM
Move immediate data to indirect RAM
Load DPTR with a 16-bit constant
Move code byte relative to DPTR to Acc
Move code byte relative to PC to Acc
Move external RAM (8-bit address) to Acc
Move external RAM (16-bit address) to Acc
Move Acc to external RAM (8-bit address)
Move Acc to external RAM (16-bit address)
PUSH DIRECT BYTE ONTO STACK
POP DIRECT BYTE FROM STACK
EXCHANGE REGISTER WITH ACC
EXCHANGE DIRECT BYTE WITH ACC
EXCHANGE INDIRECT RAM WITH ACC
EXCHANGE LOW-ORDER DIGIT INDIRECT RAM WITH ACC
BYT
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
CYC
1
2
2
2
2
4
2
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
4
4
4
MNEMONIC
ADD A, Rn
ADD A, direct
ADD A, @Ri
ADD A, #data
ADDC A, Rn
ADDC A, direct
ADDC A, @Ri
ADDC A, #data
SUBB A, Rn
SUBB A, direct
SUBB A, @Ri
SUBB A, #data
INC A
INC Rn
INC direct
INC @Ri
DEC A
DEC Rn
DEC direct
DEC @Ri
INC DPTR
MUL AB
DIV AB
DA A
ARITHEMATIC OPERATIONS
DESCRIPTION
ADD REGISTER TO ACC
ADD DIRECT BYTE TO ACC
ADD INDIRECT RAM TO ACC
ADD IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC
ADD REGISTER TO ACC WITH CARRY
ADD DIRECT BYTE TO ACC WITH CARRY
ADD INDIRECT RAM TO ACC WITH CARRY
ADD IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC WITH CARRY
SUBTRACT REGISTER FROM ACC WITH BORROW
SUBTRACT DIRECT BYTE FROM ACC WITH BORROW
SUBTRACT INDIRECT RAM FROM ACC WITH BORROW
SUBTRACT IMMEDIATE DATA FROM ACC WITH BORROW
INCREMENT ACC
INCREMENT REGISTER
INCREMENT DIRECT BYTE
INCREMENT INDIRECT RAM
DECREMENT ACC
DECREMENT REGISTER
DECREMENT DIRECT BYTE
DECREMENT INDIRECT RAM
INCREMENT DPTR
MULTIPLY A AND B
DIVIDE A BY B
DECIMAL ADJUST ACC
BYT
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
CYC
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
4
4
2
3
4
4
1
4
5
4
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
65
MNEMONIC
ANL A, Rn
ANL A, direct
ANL A, @Ri
ANL A, #data
ANL direct, A
ANL direct, #data
ORL A, Rn
ORL A, direct
ORL A, @Ri
ORL A, #data
ORL direct, A
ORL direct, #data
XRL A, Rn
XRL A, direct
XRL A, @Ri
XRL A, #data
XRL direct, A
XRL direct, #data
CLR A
CPL A
RL A
RLC A
RR A
RRC A
SWAP A
LOGIC OPERATION
DESCRIPTION
AND REGISTER TO ACC
AND DIRECT BYTE TO ACC
AND INDIRECT RAM TO ACC
AND IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC
AND ACC TO DIRECT BYTE
AND IMMEDIATE DATA TO DIRECT BYTE
OR REGISTER TO ACC
OR DIRECT BYTE TO ACC
OR INDIRECT RAM TO ACC
OR IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC
OR ACC TO DIRECT BYTE
OR IMMEDIATE DATA TO DIRECT BYTE
EXCLUSIVE-OR REGISTER TO ACC
EXCLUSIVE-OR DIRECT BYTE TO ACC
EXCLUSIVE-OR INDIRECT RAM TO ACC
EXCLUSIVE-OR IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC
EXCLUSIVE-OR ACC TO DIRECT BYTE
EXCLUSIVE-OR IMMEDIATE DATA TO DIRECT BYTE
CLEAR ACC
COMPLEMENT ACC
ROTATE ACC LEFT
ROTATE ACC LEFT THROUGH THE CARRY
ROTATE ACC RIGHT
ROTATE ACC RIGHT THROUGH THE CARRY
SWAP NIBBLES WITHIN THE ACC
BYT
1
2
1
2
2
3
1
2
1
2
2
3
1
2
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
CYC
2
3
3
2
4
4
2
3
3
2
4
4
2
3
3
2
4
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
MNEMONIC
CLR C
CLR bit
SETB C
SETB bit
CPL C
CPL bit
ANL C, bit
ANL C, /bit
ORL C, bit
ORL C, /bit
MOV C, bit
MOV bit, C
BOOLEAN VARIABLE MANIPULATION
DESCRIPTION
CLEAR CARRY
CLEAR DIRECT BIT
SET CARRY
SET DIRECT BIT
COMPLEMENT CARRY
COMPLEMENT DIRECT BIT
AND DIRECT BIT TO CARRY
AND COMPLEMENT OF DIRECT BIT TO CARRY
OR DIRECT BIT TO CARRY
OR COMPLEMENT OF DIRECT BIT TO CARRY
MOVE DIRECT BIT TO CARRY
MOVE CARRY TO DIRECT BIT
BYT
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
CYC
1
4
1
4
1
4
3
3
3
3
3
4
BYT
2
2
3
3
3
CYC
3
3
4
4
5
MNEMONIC
JC rel
JNC rel
JB bit, rel
JNB bit, rel
JBC bit, rel
66
JUMP
JUMP
JUMP
JUMP
JUMP
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
BOOLEAN VARIABLE BRANCH
DESCRIPTION
CARRY IS SET
CARRY NOT SET
DIRECT BIT IS SET
DIRECT BIT NOT SET
DIRECT BIT IS SET AND THEN CLEAR BIT
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
PROAGRAM BRACHING
DESCRIPTION
ABSOLUTE SUBROUTINE CALL
LONG SUBROUTINE CALL
RETURN FROM SUBROUTINE
RETURN FROM INTERRUPT SUBROUTINE
ABSOLUTE JUMP
LONG JUMP
SHORT JUMP
JUMP INDIRECT RELATIVE TO DPTR
JUMP IF ACC IS ZERO
JUMP IF ACC NOT ZERO
COMPARE DIRECT BYTE TO ACC AND JUMP IF NOT EQUAL
COMPARE IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC AND JUMP IF NOT EQUAL
COMPARE IMMEDIATE DATA TO REGISTER AND JUMP IF NOT
CJNE Rn, #data, rel
EQUAL
COMPARE IMMEDIATE DATA TO INDIRECT RAM AND JUMP IF NOT
CJNE @Ri, #data, rel
EQUAL
DJNZ Rn, rel
DECREMENT REGISTER AND JUMP IF NOT EQUAL
DJNZ direct, rel
DECREMENT DIRECT BYTE AND JUMP IF NOT EQUAL
NOP
NO OPERATION
MNEMONIC
ACALL addr11
LCALL addr16
RET
RETI
AJMP addr11
LJMP addr16
SJMP rel
JMP @A+DPTR
JZ rel
JNZ rel
CJNE A, direct, rel
CJNE A, #data, rel
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
BYT
2
3
1
1
2
3
2
1
2
2
3
3
CYC
6
6
4
4
3
4
3
3
3
3
5
4
3
4
3
5
2
3
1
4
5
1
67
Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC82E54A)
Parameter
Ambient temperature under bias
Storage temperature
Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with respect to
Ground
Voltage on VCC with respect to Ground
Maximum total current through VCC and Ground
Maximum output current sunk by any Port pin
Rating
-55 ~ +125
-65 ~ + 150
-0.5 ~ VCC + 0.5
Unit
-0.5 ~ +6.0
400
40
V
mA
mA
°C
°C
V
*Note: stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent
damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at
those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification
is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device
reliability.
DC Characteristics (MPC82E54A)
VSS = 0V, TA = 25 ℃, VCC = 5.0V unless otherwise specified
Limits
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
68
Unit
Test
min
typ
max
VIH1
Input High voltage for P0,P1,P2 and P3
Vcc=5.0V
2.0
V
VIH2
Input High voltage for RESET pin
Vcc=5.0V
3.5
V
VIL
Input Low voltage
Vcc=5.0V
IOL
Output Low current
VPIN =0.45V
12
20
mA
IOH1
Output High current(push-pull)
VPIN =2.4V
12
20
mA
IOH2
Output High current(Quasi-bidirectional)
VPIN =2.4V
220
uA
IIL1
Logic 0 input current(Quasi-bidirectional)
VPIN =0.45V
17
50
uA
IIL2
Logic 0 input current(Input-Only)
VPIN =0.45V
0
10
uA
ILK
Input Leakage current(Open-Drain output)
VPIN = VCC
0
10
uA
IH2L
Logic 1 to 0 transition current
VPIN =1.8V
230
500
uA
IOP
Operating current
FOSC = 12MHz
12
30
mA
IIDLE
Idle mode current
FOSC = 12MHz
6
15
mA
IPD
Power down current
VCC =5.0V
0.1
50
uA
RRST
Internal reset pull-down resistance
VCC =5.0V
100
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
0.8
V
Kohm
MEGAWIN
Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC82L54A)
Parameter
Ambient temperature under bias
Storage temperature
Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with respect to
Ground
Voltage on VCC with respect to Ground
Maximum total current through VCC and Ground
Maximum output current sunk by any Port pin
Rating
-55 ~ +125
-65 ~ + 150
-0.3 ~ VCC + 0.3
Unit
-0.3 ~ +4.2
400
40
V
mA
mA
°C
°C
V
*Note: stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent
damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at
those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification
is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device
reliability.
DC Characteristics (MPC82L54A)
VSS = 0V, TA = 25 ℃, VCC = 3.3V unless otherwise specified
Limits
Symbol
Parameter
Unit
Test
Condition
min
typ
max
VIH1
Input High voltage for P1 and P3
Vcc=3.3V
2.0
V
VIH2
Input High voltage for RESET pin
Vcc=3.3V
2.8
V
VIL
Input Low voltage
Vcc=3.3V
IOL
Output Low current
VPIN =0.45V
8
14
mA
IOH1
Output High current(push-pull)
VPIN =2.4V
4
8
mA
IOH2
Output High current(Quasi-bidirectional)
VPIN =2.4V
64
uA
IIL1
Logic 0 input current(Quasi-bidirectional)
VPIN =0.45V
7
50
uA
IIL2
Logic 0 input current(Input-Only)
VPIN =0.45V
0
10
uA
ILK
Input Leakage current(Open-Drain output)
VPIN = VCC
0
10
uA
IH2L
Logic 1 to 0 transition current(P1,3)
VPIN =1.4V
100
600
uA
IOP
Operating current
FOSC = 12MHz
9
15
mA
IIDLE
Idle mode current
FOSC = 12MHz
3.5
6
mA
IPD
Power down current
VCC =3.3V
0.1
50
uA
RRST
Internal reset pull-down resistance
VCC =3.3V
100
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
0.8
V
Kohm
69
Package Dimension
20-pin PDIP (MPC82X54AE)
28-pin PDIP (MPC82X54AE2)
70
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
20-pin SOP (MPC82X54AS)
28-pin SOP (MPC82X54AS2)
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
71
20-pin TSSOP (MPC82X54AT)
28-pin TSSOP (MPC82X54AT2)
72
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
32-pin PLCC (MPC82X54AP)
28-pin SSOP (MPC82X54AS3)
MEGAWIN
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
73
Revision History
Version
Date
Page
Description
A1
2006/01
- Initial issue.
A2
2006/01
- Increase available package SSOP-28.
A3
2006/08
- Revises the possible operating temperature.
A4
2006/12 P55
- Add special note on low voltage detector.
A5
2007/03 P67, 68
- Modify the storage temperature.
A6
2007/11 P3
- Modify the operation frequency reaches at 24
MHz.
A7
- Add 2.7V requirement in flash write operation.
2007/12 P3
P68, 69
A8
74
2008/12
- Modify Absolute Maximum Rating.
- Formatting
MPC82x54A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN