SynQor NQ03018VMA15OVS 15a non-isolated dc/dc converter in sip configuration Datasheet

Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
15A Non-Isolated DC/DC Converter in SIP configuration
The NiQor™ SIP DC/DC converter is a non-isolated
buck regulator, which employs synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high conversion effi-
Non-Isolated
ciency. The NiQor family of converters are used
predominately in DPA systems using a front end
DC/DC high power brick (48Vin to low voltage bus).
The non-isolated NiQor converters are then used at
the point of load to create the low voltage outputs
required by the design. Typical applications include
telecom/datacom, industrial, medical, transportation,
data processing/storage and test equipment.
Operational Features
• Ultra-high efficiency, up to 93% full load, 95% half
• Delivers 15 amps of output current with minimal derating - no heatsink required
• Input voltage range: 3.0 - 3.6V
• Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI
performance
• Fast transient response time
• On-board input and output filter capacitor
• No minimum load requirement means no preload
resistors required
Protection Features
• Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at
low input voltage conditions
• Temperature compensated over-current shutdown
protects converter from excessive load current or
short circuits
• Output over-voltage protection protects load from
damaging voltages
• Thermal shutdown
Product # NQ03xxxVMA15
Phone 1-888-567-9596
NiQor vertical mount SIP module
Mechanical Features
• Industry standard SIP pin-out configuration
•Industry standard size: 2.0” x 0.55” x 0.29 (50.8 x
14 x 7.3mm)
• Total weight: 0.30 oz. (9.4 g), lower mass greatly
reduces vibration and shock problems
• Open frame construction maximizes air flow cooling
• Available in both vertical and horizontal mounting
Control Features
• On/Off control
• Output voltage trim (industry standard) permits
custom voltages and voltage margining
• Optional features include remote sense and wide
output voltage trim (0.85V - 2.75V)
Safety Features
• UL 1950 recognized (US & Canada)
• TUV certified to EN60950
• Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives
which facilitates CE Marking in user’s end product
• Board and plastic components meet UL94V-0 flammability requirements
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 1
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
MECHANICAL
DIAGRAM
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
Vertical Mount
Side View
Front View
0.288
2.00
(7.32)
(50.8)
0.315 Max
0.185
(8.0 Max)
(4.7)
0.197 Max
(5.0 Max)
0.550
0.050 Ref.
(13.97)
1
2
3
4
5
A
6
7
8
(1.27)
0.160
10 11
(4.06)
0.050
0.040 PCB Ref.
(1.27)
(1.02)
0.120
(3.05)
0.025 + 0.003
(0.64 + 0.076)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
1.300
1.400 1.500 1.600
1.800
1.900
(0.00)
(2.54)
(5.08)
(7.62)
(10.16)
(33.02)
(35.56) (38.10) (40.64)
(45.72)
(48.26)
NOTES
PIN DESIGNATIONS
1) All pins are 0.025” (0.64mm) +/- 0.003 (0.076mm) square.
2) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy
Finish - Tin over Nickel plate
3) Vertical, horizontal, vertical with reverse pins and surface
mount options (future) available.
4) Undimensioned components are shown for visual
reference only.
6) All dimensions in inches (mm)
Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm)
x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)
7) Weight: 0.30 oz. (9.4 g) typical
8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II
Pin Connection Notes:
1. Pin 10 - for fixed resistors, connect between Trim and
Vout(+) to trim down or between Trim and Common
(Ground) to trim up.
2. Pin 11 - see section on Remote ON/OFF pin for description of enable logic options.
Product # NQ03xxxVMA15
SQ. Typ.
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Pin No.
Name
Function
1
Vout(+)
Positive output voltage
2
Vout(+)
Positive output voltage
3
4
5
A
6
7
8
10
11
SENSE(+)
Vout(+)
Common
I share
Common
Vin(+)
Vin(+)
TRIM
ON/OFF
Positive remote sense
Positive output voltage
Current share*
Positive input voltage
Positive input voltage1
Output voltage trim2
LOGIC input to turn the converter
on and off.
Pins in Italics Shaded text are Optional
* Contact factory for availability of current share modules.
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 2
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
MECHANICAL
DIAGRAM
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
Horizontal Mount
Front View
Side View
0.288
2.00
(7.32)
(50.8)
0.315 Max
0.185
(8.0 Max)
(4.7)
0.197 Max
(5.0 Max)
0.025 + 0.003
0.550
(0.64 + 0.076)
(13.97)
1
2
3
4
5
A
6
7
8
0.050 Ref.
SQ. Typ.
10 11
(1.27)
0.128 Min
0.050
0.040 PCB Ref.
(3.25 Min)
(1.27)
(1.02)
0.330
(8.38)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
1.300
1.400 1.500 1.600
1.800
1.900
(0.00)
(2.54)
(5.08)
(7.62)
(10.16)
(33.02)
(35.56) (38.10) (40.64)
(45.72)
(48.26)
See note on Thermal
Considerations in
Applications section.
Vertical Mount
Reversed Pins
Front View
Side View
2.00
0.288
(50.8)
(7.32)
0.315 Max
0.185
(8.0 Max)
(4.7)
0.197 Max
(5.0 Max)
0.550
(13.97)
1
2
3
4
5
A
6
7
8
0.050 Ref.
10 11
(1.27)
0.160
(4.06)
0.050
(1.27)
0.040 PCB Ref.
(1.02)
0.120
(3.05)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
1.300
1.400 1.500 1.600
1.800
1.900
0.058 +.008
(0.00)
(2.54)
(5.08)
(7.62)
(10.16)
(33.02)
(35.56) (38.10) (40.64)
(45.72)
(48.26)
(1.47 +.20)
Product # NQ03xxxVMA15
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Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
0.025 + 0.003
(0.64 + 0.076)
SQ. Typ.
Page 3
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS - NQ03xxxVMA15 Series
TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=3.3Vdc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40°C to +105°C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Parameter
Module
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Non-Operating
Operating
Operating Transient Protection
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Voltage at ON/OFF input pin
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Range1
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Maximum Input Current2
No-Load Input Current
Disabled Input Current
Inrush Current Transient Rating
Response to Input Transient
Input Reflected-Ripple Current
Input Terminal Ripple Current
Recommended Input Fuse
Input Filter Capacitor Value
Recommended External Input Capacitance3
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point7 (50% load)
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Line
Over Load
Over Temperature
Total Output Voltage Range
Product # NQ03xxxVMA15
Max.
Units
V
V
V
°C
°C
V
continuous
continuous
100ms transient
-40
-55
-3
5.0
4.5
5.0
105
125
6.5
All
3.0
3.6
V
Notes on pg. 6
All
All
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
All
All
All
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
0.9-1.8V
2.5V
0.9-1.8V
2.5V
All
All
All
2.1
2.0
2.8
2.5
5.9
7.4
8.9
10.4
13.9
110
25
V
V
A
A
A
A
A
mA
mA
A 2s
mV/V
mV/V
mV/V
mV/V
mV/V
mA
mA
A
A
A
µF
µF
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
0.885
1.180
1.475
1.769
2.458
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
0.9V
2.5V
All
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
Min.
Typ.
3.0
2.4
2.3
85
17
0.1
70
80
90
120
160
200
125
3
2
20
40
200
0.900
1.200
1.500
1.800
2.500
0.917
1.223
1.529
1.834
2.548
V
V
V
V
V
0.944
1.258
1.573
1.888
2.622
%
%
%
%
V
V
V
V
V
+0.1
+0.5
+0.3
+2.0
0.865
1.153
1.441
1.729
2.402
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Notes & Conditions
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
Load,
Load,
Load,
Load,
Load,
3.0Vin,
3.0Vin,
3.0Vin,
3.0Vin,
3.0Vin,
0.9Vout
1.2Vout
1.5Vout
1.8Vout
2.5Vout
50mV/µs input transient (all)
pk-pk thru 1µH inductor, with 200µF
tantalum; full load; Figs 24, 26
RMS with 200µF tantalum and 1µH;
Figs 24, 26
fast blow external fuse recommended
internal ceramic
net 50mΩ
also applies to wide-trim (0.85-2.75V) unit
with sense pin
with sense pin
with sense pin, over sample, line, load,
temperature & life (all)
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 4
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) - NQ03xxxVMA15 Series
Parameter
ModuleP
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (cont.)
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
Peak-to-Peak
RMS
Operating Output Current Range
Output DC Over-Current Shutdown4
Maximum Output Capacitance5,6
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection
All
All
All
All
All
Output Voltage during Load Current Transient
For a Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/µs)
For a Step Change in Output Current (5A/µs)
Settling Time
Turn-On Transient
Turn-On Time
Start-Up Delay Time
Start-Up Rise Time
Output Voltage Overshoot
EFFICIENCY
100% Load
0
16
TEMP. LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING
Semiconductor Junction Temperature7
Board Temperature7
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency
ON/OFF Control
Off-State Voltage
On-State Voltage
Pull-Up Voltage
Output Voltage Trim Range1,8
Typ.
Max.
Units
15
6
35
12
15
40
4,000
mV
mV
A
A
µF
25
Notes & Conditions
20MHz bandwidth; Fig 24, 27
Full Load
Full Load
Derate startup load current per Fig. 23
0.9V
2.5V
45
37
dB
dB
120 Hz; Figure 31
All
All
All
40
70
50
mV
mV
µs
50%-75%-50% Iout max, 10µF, Fig 15-16
50%-75%-50% Iout max, 470µF, Fig 17-18
All
0.9V
2.5V
0.9V
2.5V
All
5.5
2.9
1.6
1.6
2.5
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
50% Load
6.8
4.1
2.7
2.4
3.7
All
8.5
6.1
4.6
3.9
5.6
0
83.5
87
89
90.5
93
88
90.5
92
93
95
All
All
All
All
All
0.9V
1.2-2.5V
Output Voltage Remote Sense Range1,9
All
Output Over-Voltage Protection10
All
Over-Temperature Shutdown
All
Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis
All
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Calculated MTBF (Telcordia)
All
Calculated MTBF (MIL-217)
All
Field Demonstrated MTBF
All
Product # NQ03xxxVMA15
Min.
265
300
1.5
-3
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
113
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130
120
5
TBD
8.0
10% to 90%, Fig. 22
Resistive load up to 4,000µF
Figures 1-4
Figures 1-4
125
125
°C
°C
Package rated to 150°C; Figs 5-14
UL rated max operating temp 130°C
330
kHz
may decrease by up to 30 kHz at -40°C
Figure A
6.5
0.6
V
V
V
%
%
%
%
°C
°C
Vin
-5
-10
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
%
to within 1.5% Vout nom., Fig 15-18
Load current & capacitance per Fig. 23
Enable to Vout=100% nom., Figs 19-20
Enable to 10%, Fig. 21
+10
+10
+10
145
Measured Vout+ to common pins; Table 1
Measured Vout+ to common pins
Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout
Average PCB Temperature
106 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 100% load, 200LFM, 40oC Ta
106 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 100% load, 200LFM, 40oC Ta
106 Hrs. See website for latest values
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 5
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) - NQ03xxxVMA15 Series
NOTES
Note 1: Maintain a minimum of 0.35V headroom between input and output voltage to meet performance specifications.
Note 2: Wide trim option unit will perform as the model with the output voltage that it is trimmed to. Applies to all specifcations where values differ by Vout.
Note 3: Tantalum or similar with additional ceramic as needed to reduce ripple current in external capacitors. See Figure 21. Output capacitance of
<1000µF. Additional input capacitance equal to half of the output capacitance is recommended when more than 1000µF of output capacitance is used.
Consult factory for more demanding applications. Also refer to Application Considerations section of this datasheet.
Note 4: The over-current shutdown threshold for a short over-current pulse can be as high as 50A when trimming up a wide trim unit above 1.2V.
Note 5: Larger input capacitance of at least half of the output capacitance is recommended when using >1000µF on a 2.5V output.
Note 6: When trimming the output voltage to less than 0.88V with more than 1000µF of output capacitance, consult factory for trim circuit recommendations.
Note 7: Power derating curves are measured using an evaluation board consisting of 6 layers of 2 ounce copper.
Note 8: Wide trim option unit has a setpoint of 0.9V and a trim range of 0.85V-2.75V.
Note 9: In remote sense applications, when trimming down, the trim-down resistor should be connected to the sense pin for more accurate trimming results.
Note 10: Indicates worst case specification for 0.9V unit. Higher output voltage units have a tighter specification range. The wide-trim unit carries the OVP
set point of a 2.5Vout unit, which has a worst-case maximum OVP trip level of 135%.
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Parameter P
Notes
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
UL/cUL 60950
EN60950
72/23/EEC
93/68/EEC
Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2)
IEC 61000-4-2
GR-1089-CORE
Telcordia (Bellcore) GR-513
File # E194341
Certified by TUV
test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant
ESD test, 8kV - NP, 15kV air - NP (Normal Performance)
Section 7 - electrical safety, Section 9 - bonding/grounding
• An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety
certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website.
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Parameter P
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Life Test
Vibration
Mechanical Shock
Temperature Cycling
Power/Thermal Cycling
Design Marginality
Humidity
Solderability
# Units
32
5
5
10
5
5
5
15 pins
Test Conditions
95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours
10-55Hz sweep, 0.060” total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis
100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis
-40°C to 100°C, unit temp. ramp 15°C/min., 500 cycles
Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles
Tmin-10°C to Tmax+10°C, 5°C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load
85°C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5min./day
MIL-STD-883, method 2003
• Extensive characterization testing of all SynQor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply
robust, reliable product. Contact factory for official product family qualification document.
OPTIONS
PATENTS
SynQor provides various options for Packaging, Enable Logic, Pin
Length and Feature Set for this family of DC/DC converters.
Please consult the last page of this specification sheet for information on available options.
SynQor is protected under various patents, including but not limited to U.S. Patent numbers: 5,999,417; 6,222,742 B1;
6,594,159 B2; 6,545,890 B2.
Product # NQ03xxxVMA15
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Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 6
Performance Curves
100
94
95
93
90
92
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
85
80
2.5 Vo
1.8 Vo
1.5 Vo
1.2 Vo
0.9 Vo
75
70
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
91
90
89
88
25 C
87
40 C
55 C
86
65
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
0
100
Load Current (A)
200
300
400
500
Air Flow (LFM)
Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for all
modules at 25°C and nominal input voltage.
Figure 2: Efficiency at 1.5Vout and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate
for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input
voltage).
2.5
2.75
2.25
Power Dissipation (W)
Power Dissipation (W)
2.50
2.00
1.75
1.50
1.25
2.5 Vo
1.8 Vo
1.5 Vo
1.2 Vo
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1.5
1.0
25 C
40 C
0.5
55 C
0.9 Vo
0.0
0.00
0
2.0
15
0
100
200
300
400
500
Air Flow (LFM)
Load Current (A)
Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current
for all modules at 25°C and nominal input voltage.
Figure 4: Power dissipation at 1.5Vout and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage).
16
14
12
Iout (A)
10
8
6
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
4
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
2
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
Ambient Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for 0.9Vout unit. Airflow rates of 50 LFM - 400 LFM with air
flowing across the converter from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
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Figure 6: Thermal plot of 0.9V converter at 15 amp load current with
55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 7
Performance Curves
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
16
14
12
Iout (A)
10
8
6
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
4
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
2
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
o
Ambient Air Temperature ( C)
Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for 1.2Vout unit. Airflow rates of 50 LFM - 400 LFM with air
flowing across the converter from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
Figure 8: Thermal plot of 1.2V converter at 15 amp load current with
55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
16
14
12
Iout (A)
10
8
6
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
4
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
2
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 9: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for 1.5Vout unit. Airflow rates of 50 LFM - 400 LFM with air
flowing across the converter from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
Figure 10: Thermal plot of 1.5V converter at 15 amp load current with
55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
16
14
12
Iout (A)
10
8
6
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
4
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
2
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 11: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for 1.8Vout unit. Airflow rates of 50 LFM - 400 LFM with air
flowing across the converter from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
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Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
Figure 12: Thermal plot of 1.8V converter at 15 amp load current with
55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 8
Performance Curves
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
16
14
12
Iout (A)
10
8
6
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
4
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
2
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
o
Ambient Air Temperature ( C)
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
Figure 13: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for 2.5Vout unit. Airflow rates of 50 LFM - 400 LFM with air
flowing across the converter from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
Figure 14: Thermal plot of 2.5V converter at 15 amp load current with
55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from pin 11 to pin 1 (Vin nom, vert mount).
Figure 15: Output voltage response for 0.9V unit to step-change in load
current (50-75-50% of Iout max; di/dt=0.1A/µs). Load cap: 10µF, 100mΩ
ESR tantalum and 1µF ceramic. Ch 1: Vout (50mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (5A/div).
Figure 16: Output voltage response for 2.5V unit to step-change in load
current (50-75-50% of Iout max; di/dt=0.1A/µs). Load cap: 10µF, 100mΩ
ESR tantalum and 1µF ceramic. Ch 1: Vout (50mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (5A/div).
Figure 17: Output voltage response for 0.9V unit to step-change in load
current (50-75-50% of Iout max; di/dt=5A/µs). Load cap: 470µF, 25mΩ
ESR tantalum and 1µF ceramic. Ch 1: Vout (50mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (5A/div).
Figure 18: Output voltage response for 2.5V unit to step-change in load
current (50-75-50% of Iout max; di/dt=5A/µs). Load cap: 470µF, 25mΩ
ESR tantalum and 1µF ceramic. Ch 1: Vout (50mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (5A/div).
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Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 9
Performance Curves
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
2.5Vout
2.5Vout
1.8Vout
1.5Vout
1.2Vout
0.9Vout
1.8Vout
1.5Vout
1.2Vout
0.9Vout
Figure 20: Turn-on transient at zero load (2 ms/div).
Ch 1: ON/OFF input (2V/div)
Ch 2-6: Vout (1V/div)
7
7
6
6
5
5
Rise Time (ms)
Delay Time (ms)
Figure 19: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (2 ms/div).
Ch 1: ON/OFF input (2V/div)
Ch 2-6: Vout (1V/div)
4
3
2
Max Delay Time
1
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
4
3
2
Max Rise Time
1
Min Rise Time
Min Delay Time
0
0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Output Voltage (V)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Output Voltage (V)
Figure 21: Minimum and Maximum Startup Delay Time (enable to
10%) over temperature versus output voltage (includes trimming).
Figure 22: Minimum and Maximum Startup Rise Time (10% to 90%)
over temperature versus output voltage (includes trimming).
14.0
12.0
Iout (A)
10.0
8.0
0.9V
1.0V
6.0
1.2V
4.0
1.5V
1.8V
2.0
2.5V
0.0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Load Capacitance (uF)
Figure 23: Maximum Startup Load Current versus Load Capacitance.
Derate the load during startup according to this figure to avoid the possibility of over-current shutdown.
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6/24/04
Page 10
Performance Curves
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
See Fig. 23
1 µH
source
impedance
See Fig. 22
iS
VSOURCE
0.9Vout
See Fig. 24
iC
C*
DC/DC
Converter
1.2Vout
VOUT
1.5Vout
10 µF
1.8Vout
2.5Vout
15 µF,
ceramic 100mΩ ESR
capacitor
tantalum
capacitor
* See values for recommended external input capacitance.
Inductor optional as needed.
Figure 24: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input
Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 25), Input Reflected Ripple Current
(Figure 26) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 27).
Figure 25: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 1µH source impedance and 200µF
tantalum capacitor (5A/div). See Figure 24.
0.9Vout
0.9Vout
1.2Vout
1.5Vout
1.2Vout
1.5Vout
1.8Vout
1.8Vout
2.5Vout
2.5Vout
Figure 26: Input Reflected Ripple Current, is, through a 1 µH source
inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (100 mA/div).
See Figure 24.
Figure 27: Output Voltage Ripple at nominal input voltage and rated
load current (10 mV/div). Load capacitance: 10µF ceramic capacitor
and 15µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. See Figure 24.
Figure 28: Load current (5A/div) as a function of time when 0.9V converter attempts to turn on into a 10 mΩshort circuit. Top trace
(10ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the bottom trace.
Figure 29: Load current (5A/div) as a function of time when 2.5V converter attempts to turn on into a 10 mΩshort circuit. Top trace
(10ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the bottom trace.
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Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 11
Performance Curves
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
-10
0.1
0.01
0.9 V
1.2 V
1.5 V
1.8 V
0.001
2.5 V
Forward Transmission (dB)
Output Impedance ( )
-15
-20
-25
0.9 V
1.2 V
1.5 V
1.8 V
2.5 V
-30
-35
-40
-45
-50
-55
-60
0.0001
10
100
1,000
10,000
10
100,000
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Hz
Hz
Figure 30: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout =
vout/iout) for nominal input voltage at full rated power.
Figure 31: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT =
vout/vin) for nominal input voltage at full rated power.
25
1
15
10
0.9 V
1.2 V
1.5 V
5
0
-5
1.8 V
2.5 V
-10
Input Impedance ( )
Reverse Transmission (dB)
20
0.9 V
1.2 V
0.1
1.5 V
1.8 V
2.5 V
-15
-20
-25
0.01
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Hz
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Hz
Figure 32: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT =
iin/iout) for nominal input voltage at full rated power.
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Figure 33: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin)
for nominal input voltage at full rated power.
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 12
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
The NiQor series non-isolated converter uses a buck-converter
that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line,
load, and temperature. The NiQor modules employ synchronous rectification for very high efficiency.
Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not
require a heatsink or metal baseplate for operation. The NiQor
converter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high
yield surface mount techniques on a single PCB substrate.
The NiQor series of SIPs and SMT converters uses the established industry standard footprint and pin-out configurations.
CONTROL FEATURES
REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 11): The ON/OFF input, Pin 11,
permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. There
are currently two options available for the ON/OFF input as
described in the table below. Other options may be added
based on user demand.
Pin-Open
Option
Description Converter state
Pin Action
N Logic Negative
Off
Pull Low = On
O Logic Negative/Open
On
Pull High = Off
Figure A is a schematic view of the internal ON/OFF circuitry.
(N logic only)
PWM
Enable
ON/OFF
nal resistor, connect the resistor Rtrim-down between Pin 10 (TRIM)
and the Vout pins or the SENSE pin. For a desired decrease of
the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be:
Rtrim-down =
where
[(
VOUT _ 0.80
∆VOUT
20K
)
x 30100
]
_ Rbuffer
(Ω)
VOUT = Nominal Output Voltage
∆VOUT = Nominal VOUT - Desired VOUT
Rbuffer = defined in Table 1 below
(value internal to the module)
Vout, set
Rbuffer
3.3 V
2.5 V
1.8 V
1.5 V
1.2 V
0.9 V
59 kΩ
78.7 kΩ
100 kΩ
100 kΩ
59 kΩ
5.11 kΩ
Note: wide trim unit has trim
range from 0.85-2.75V. Nominal
voltage is 0.9V. Use Rbuffer value
of 5.11kΩ. when trimming.
Table 1: Rbuffer values for NiQor trim equation
For example, to trim-down the output voltage of a 1.8V module
by 5% to 1.71V, the Rtrim-down resistor value is calculated as follows:
VOUT = 1.8V
∆VOUT = 1.8V - 1.71V = 0.09V
Rbuffer = 100kΩ
TRIM-UP: To increase the output voltage using an external
resistor, connect the resistor Rtrim-up between Pin 10 (TRIM) and
the Common Ground Pins. For a desired increase of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be:
Rtrim-up =
20K
where
Negative
Logic (N,O)
24080
∆VOUT
_ Rbuffer
(Ω)
∆VOUT = Nominal VOUT - Desired VOUT
Rbuffer = defined in Table 1
Figure A: Schematic view of the internal ON/OFF circuitry
OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 10): The TRIM input permits
the user to adjust the output voltage up or down according to
the trim range specifications by using an external resistor or a
voltage source. If the TRIM feature is not being used, leave the
TRIM pin disconnected.
TRIM-DOWN: To decrease the output voltage using an exterProduct # NQ03xxxVMA15
_1
Rtrim-down = [((1.8 - 0.8)/0.09 -1) x 30100] - 100000 = 204.34kΩ
Vin
10K
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
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For example, to trim-up the output voltage of a 2.5V module by
10% to 2.75V, the Rtrim-up resistor value is calculated as follows:
∆VOUT = 2.5V - 2.75V = 0.25V
Rbuffer = 78.7kΩ
Rtrim-up = (24080/0.25) - 78700 = 17.62kΩ
Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the
output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 13
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its
specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout,
due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should
not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim
range.
Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on
the converter senses the average temperature of the module.
The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter
off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the
Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to
turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls
by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart
Hysteresis value.
PROTECTION FEATURES
APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed
to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an
input system instability problem, described in more detail in the
application note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage
Threshold value (listed on the specification page) before the
converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value
before the converter will turn off.
Input and Output Filtering: SynQor recommends an external input capacitor of either a tantalum, polymer or aluminum
electrolytic type on the input of the NQ03/NQ04 series nonisolated converters. This capacitance and resistance primarily
provides damping of the input filter, reduces the source impedance and guarantees input stability (see SynQor application
note "Input System Instability"). The input filter is formed by any
source or wiring inductance and the converter’s input capacitance. The external capacitance also provides an additional
benefit of ripple voltage reduction.
Over Current Shutdown: The converter uses the control
(high-side) MOSFET on-resistance to detect short circuit or
excessive over-current conditions. The converter compensates
for the temperature variation of the MOSFET on-resistance,
keeping the overcurrent threshold roughly constant over temperature. Very short (<1mS) over-current pulses will see a
slightly higher apparent threshold than longer duration overcurrent events. This makes the converter less susceptible to
shutdown from transient load conditions. However, once the
over-current threshold is reached the converter ceases PWM
operation within microseconds. After an over-current shutdown, the converter will remain off for an inhibit period of 18
to 32 milliseconds, and then attempt a soft-start. Depending on
the impedance or current level of the overload condition, the
converter will enter a "hiccup mode" where it repeatedly turns
on and off at a frequency of 25 to 50 Hz, until the overload or
short circuit condition is removed.
A modest sized capacitor would suffice in most conditions, such
as a 330µF, 16V tantalum, with an ESR of approximately 50
mΩ. The NiQor family converters have an internal ceramic
input capacitor to reduce ripple current stress on the external
capacitors. An external ceramic capacitor of similar size
(330µF) with a series resistor of approximately 50 mΩ would
also suffice and would provide the filter damping.
output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection
circuit to engage, particularly during transients.
Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output
pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the
converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in
output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2)
a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how
high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions.
After 2-4 ms, the converter will automatically restart. Note the
wide trim model uses the OVP threshold of the 2.5V unit.
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Additional ceramic capacitance may be needed on the input,
in parallel with the tantalum capacitor, to relieve ripple current
stress on the tantalum capacitors. The external capacitance
forms a current divider with the 40µF internal ceramic capacitance. At 300 kHz., the impedance of the internal capacitance
is about 15mΩ capacitive. At that frequency, an SMT 330µF
tantalum capacitor would have an impedance of about 50mΩ
resistive, essentially just the ESR.
In this example, at full load, that would stress the tantalum input
capacitor to about 3A rms ripple current, possibly beyond its
rating. Placing an additional 40µF of ceramic in parallel with
that capacitor would reduce the ripple current to about 1.5A,
probably within its rating at 85oC. The input ripple current is
proportional to load current, so this example should be scaled
down according to the actual load current.
Additional input capacitance equal to half of the output capacitance is recommended when operating with more than 1000uF
of output capacitance on a 1.5V or higher output voltage, or
on lower voltage outputs when trimming down by more than
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 14
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
half of the trim-down allowance (e.g., further than -2.5% on a
0.9V, or -5% on a 1.2V).
If no inductor is used to isolate the input ripple of the NiQor
converters from the source or from inputs of other NiQor converters, then this external capacitance might be provided by the
DC/DC converter used as the power source. SynQor's
PowerQor series converters typically have tantalum and ceramic output capacitors that would provide the damping.
An input inductor would help isolate the ripple currents and
voltages from the source or other NiQor style converters on the
voltage supply rail. If an input inductor is used, the recommended capacitance should guarantee stability and control the
ripple current for up to 1.0µH of input inductance.
The input inductor need not have very high inductance. A
value of 500 nanohenries would equate to almost one ohm of
series impedance at the switching frequency of 300 kHz. This
would be working against an assumed capacitive ESR of 30mΩ
on the supply side of the inductor, providing significant isolation and ripple reduction.
No external capacitance is required at the output, however, the
ripple voltage can be further reduced if ceramic and tantalum
capacitors are added at the output. Since the internal output
capacitance is about 50µF, approximately that amount of
capacitance would be needed to produce a noticeable reduction in output ripple. The value of the tantalum capacitors is
both to provide a high capacitance for pulsed loads and to provide damping of the distribution network with their inherent
ESR, which is low, but higher than ceramics. Additional output
capacitance in the range of 300-500µF is beneficial for reducing the deviation in response to a fast load transient.
Input Over-Voltage Prevention: The power system
designer must take precautions to prevent damaging the NiQor
converters by input overvoltage. This is another reason to be
careful about damping the input filter so that no ringing occurs
from an underdamped filter. The voltage must be prevented
from exceeding the absolute maximum voltage indicated in the
Electrical Specifications section of the data sheet under all conditions of turn-on, turn-off and load transients and fault conditions. The power source should have an over voltage shutdown
threshold as close as reasonably possible to the operating
point.
Additional protection can come from additional input capacitance, perhaps on the order of 1,000µF, but contingent on the
source inductance value. A large source inductance would
require more capacitance to keep the input voltage below the
absolute maximum, if the load current were interrupted sudProduct # NQ03xxxVMA15
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3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
denly. This can be caused by either a shutdown of the NiQor
from a fault or from the load itself, for example when a card is
hot-swapped out, suddenly dropping the load to zero. This is
further justification for keeping the source inductance low, as
mentioned above. When the power source is configured with
remote sensing, the series resistance of the filter inductor and
any other conductors or devices between the source and the
sense point will result in a voltage drop which, in the event of
a load current interruption, would add to the NiQor input voltage.
A TVS device could also be used to clamp the voltage level during these conditions, but the relatively narrow range between
operating voltage and the absolute maximum voltage restrict
the use of these devices to lower source current levels that will
not drive the transient voltage suppressor above the voltage
limit when all the source current is flowing into the clamp. A
TVS would be a good supplemental control, in addition to careful selection of inductance and capacitance values.
Equivalent Model for Input Ripple: A simple but reasonably accurate model of input ripple is to treat the NiQor input
as a pulsed AC current source at 300 kHz.in parallel with a
very low ESR capacitor, see Figure B. The peak-to-peak current
of the source model is equal to the NiQor load current, representing the peak current in the NiQor's smoothing choke. The
capacitor represents the 40µF input ceramic capacitance of the
NiQor converter, with a nearly negligible ESR of less than 1
mΩ. A further refinement can be made by setting the duty cycle
of the pulsed source to the output voltage divided by the input
voltage.
The only error in this simplified model is that it ignores the
inductive current in the choke, usually less than 20% of the load
current, and it ignores the resistive losses inside the NiQor converter, which would alter the duty cycle very slightly.
The model is a good guide for calculating the effects of external input capacitors and other filter elements on ripple voltage
and ripple current stress on capacitors.
40µF
I p-p
INPUT
<1mΩ
I p-p = I Load
Figure B: Equivalent model for input ripple
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 15
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
High Capacitance Loads with Backdrive: When using
two or more NiQor converters with high capacitance loads
(greater than 1,000µF), special consideration must be given to
the following condition. If a back-drive source is feeding voltage back to a NiQor output, perhaps through some ASIC or
other load device, and the back-driving source is greater than
60% of the input voltage to the NiQor that has not been
enabled yet, an overcurrent condition may exist on startup. This
condition could prevent a proper startup when the second
NiQor is enabled. The condition is caused by the second
NiQor having to ramp the voltage to a high duty cycle with a
high capacitance load, which can trip the overcurrent shutdown, preventing a startup. The following remedies for this situation can be applied:
1) Limit output capacitance on higher voltage outputs to
1,000µF. OR,
2) Prevent back-drive conditions that raise the off-state output
voltage to more than 60% of the input voltage.
Thermal Considerations: For vertical mount applications
at elevated temperatures that call for forced air cooling (see
thermal derating curves), the preferred airflow direction is from
pin 11 to pin 1, as indicated in the thermal images provided.
If airflow is in the opposite direction (pin 1 to pin 11) the power
devices will run hotter by about 5 OC (corresponding to an
additional 1 ampere of load derating at conditions where derating occurs).
For horizontal mount applications (NQ0xxxxHMA parts),
where the inductor and power devices are facing down, the
preferred airflow direction is into the leading edge opposite the
pin header edge, such that air flowing under the NiQor PCB
flows out between the pins and the inductor. With this airflow
direction, and with the inductor firmly contacting the application board, the user can apply the thermal derating curves provided herein for vertical mount with airflow from pin 11 to pin
1. Airflows in other directions across the horizontally mounted
NiQor will result in temperatures that are higher by about 5 OC
with pin 11 to pin 1 airflow and about 10 OC with pin 1 to pin
11 airflow. Also, temperature increases of up to 10 OC (2 Amp
lower derating) can be expected if the inductor thermal interface does not make good contact to the customer's circuit
board.
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
wide output voltage trim range NiQor module at a later date.
Any trim resistor should connect to the ground or output node
at one of the respective pins of the NiQor, so as to prevent the
trim level from being affected by load drops through the ground
or power planes.
OPTIONAL FEATURES
REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pin 3 - Optional): The optional
SENSE(+) input corrects for voltage drops along the conductors
that connect the converter’s output pins to the load.
Pin 3 should be connected to Vout(+) at the point on the board
where regulation is desired. A remote connection at the load
can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in
this datasheet, that is
Vout(+) – SENSE(+) < Sense Range % x Vout
Pin 3 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified
value.
Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 1, 2 and 4) to determine when it
should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense lead
(pin 3).
CURRENT SHARE (Pin A - Optional): Additional information on the current share feature will be provided in a future
revision of this technical specification. Please contact SynQor
engineering support for further details.
Layout Suggestion: When using a fixed output NiQor converter, the designer may chose to use the trim function and
would thus be required to reserve board space for a trim resistor. It is suggested that even if the designer does not plan to use
the trim function, additional space should be reserved on the
board for a trim resistor. This will allow the flexibility to use the
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Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 16
Technical Specification
Non-Isolated
SIP Converter
3.0 - 3.6Vin 15A
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
ORDERING INFORMATION
The part numbering system for SynQor’s NiQor DC/DC converters follows the format shown in the example below.
The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When
ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the
complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12
character base part number and the additional 3 characters
for options.
NQ 03 025 V M A 15 O R S
Options (see
Ordering Information)
Output Current
Thermal Design
Performance Level
Packaging
(see Order Info)
Output Voltage
Input Voltage
Product Family
Model Number
Input Voltage
NQ03009p MA15xyz
NQ03012p MA15xyz
NQ03015p MA15xyz
NQ03018p MA15xyz
NQ03025p MA15xyz
NQ03T25p MA15xyz*
3.0 - 3.6 V
3.0 - 3.6 V
3.0 - 3.6 V
3.0 - 3.6 V
3.0 - 3.6 V
3.0 - 3.6 V
Output Max Output
Voltage
Current
0.9 V
15 A
1.2 V
15 A
1.5 V
15 A
1.8 V
15 A
2.5 V
15 A
0.85-2.75V
15 A
* Nominal output voltage for this unit is 0.9V and it must be trim-
The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and
the last 3 characters indicate available options. Although
there are no default values for packaging, enable logic, pin
length and feature set, the most common options are vertical
mount SIP (V), Negative/Open logic (O), 0.160” pins (R)
and Sense feature set (S). These part numbers are more likely to be readily available in stock for evaluation and prototype quantities.
mmed up or down for any other desired voltage.
The following option choices must be included in place of
the p x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above.
Packaging: p
Options Description: x y z
Packaging
Enable Logic
V - Vert. Mount SIP
H - Horz. Mount SIP
N - Negative
O - Neg/Open
Pin Style
Feature Set
R - 0.160"
(Standard)
V - 0.160" (Vert
S - Sense (Std.)
N - None
Reversed)
Application Notes
A variety of application notes and technical white papers
can be downloaded in pdf format at www.synqor.com.
Contact SynQor for further information:
Phone:
Toll Free:
Fax:
E-mail:
Web:
Address:
Product # NQ03xxxVMA15
978-849-0600
888-567-9596
978-849-0602
[email protected]
www.synqor.com
155 Swanson Road
Boxborough, MA 01719
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Warranty
SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty
information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from
SynQor.
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent or patent rights of SynQor.
Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E
6/24/04
Page 17