CY28442-2 Clock Generator for Intel£Alviso Chipset Features • 96 /100 MHz Spreadable differential clock. • 33 MHz PCI clock • Compliant to Intel£ CK410M • Low-voltage frequency select input • Supports Intel Pentium-M CPU • I2C support with readback capabilities • Selectable CPU frequencies • Differential CPU clock pairs • Ideal Lexmark Spread Spectrum profile for maximum electromagnetic interference (EMI) reduction • 100 MHz differential SRC clocks • 3.3V power supply • 96 MHz differential dot clock • 56-pin TSSOP package • 48 MHz USB clocks • SRC clocks independently stoppable through CLKREQ#[A:B] CPU SRC PCI REF DOT96 USB_48 x2 / x3 x5/6 x6 x2 x2 x1 Block Diagram XIN XOUT Pin Configuration 14.318MHz Crystal PCI_STP# PLL1 CPU CPU_STP# CLKREQ[A:B]# PLL Reference Divider VDD_REF REF IREF VDD_CPU CPUT CPUC VDD_CPU CPUT_ITP/SRCT7 CPUC_ITP/SRCC7 FS_[C:A] PCI VDD_PCI PCIF PLL2 96MSS Divider PLL3 FIXED Divider VDD_48MHz 96_100_SSCT 96_100_SSCC VDD_48MHz DOT96T DOT96C VDD_48 USB VTTPWR_GD#/PD SDATA SCLK 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 PCI2/SEL_CLKREQ** PCI_STP# CPU_STP# FS_C(TEST_SEL)/REF0 REF1 VSSA2 XIN XOUT VDDA2 SDATA SCLK VSS_CPU CPUT0 CPUC0 VDD_CPU CPUT1 CPUC1 IREF VSSA VDDA CPU2T_ITP/SRCT7 CPU2C_ITP/SRCC7 VDD_SRC_ITP CLKREQA#/SRCT6 CLKREQB#/SRCC6 SRCT5 SRCC5 VSS_SRC 56 pin TSSOP/SSOP I2C Logic Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 2200 Laurelwood Road, Santa Clara, CA 95054 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 CY28442-2 VDD_SRC SRCT[1:5] CPUC[1:5] VDD_PCI VDD_REF VSS_REF PCI3 PCI4 PCI5 VSS_PCI VDD_PCI ITP_EN/PCIF0 **96_100_SEL/PCIF1 VTTPWRGD#/PD VDD_48 FS_A/48M_0 VSS_48 DOT96T DOT96C FS_B/TESTMODE 96_100_SSCT 96_100_SSCC SRCT1 SRCC1 VDD_SRC SRCT2 SRCC2 SRCT3 SRCC3 SRCT4_SATA SRCC4_SATA VDD_SRC Page 1 of 19 Tel:(408) 855-0555 Fax:(408) 855-0550 www.SpectraLinear.com CY28442-2 Pin Definitions Pin No. Name Type Description 1 VDD_REF PWR 3.3V power supply for output 2 VSS_REF GND Ground for outputs. 33,32 CLKREQA#/SRCT6, I/O, PU 3.3V LVTTL input for enabling assigned SRC clock (active LOW) or 100-MHz CLKREQB#,SRCC6 Serial Reference Clock. Selectable through CLKREQA# defaults to enable/disable SRCT/C4, CLKREQB# defaults to enable/disable SRCT/C5. Assignment can be changed via SMBUS register Byte 8. 7 VDD_PCI PWR 3.3V power supply for outputs. Ground for outputs. 6 VSS_PCI GND 3,4,5 PCI O, SE 33 MHz clock 8 ITP_EN/PCIF0 I/O, SE 3.3V LVTTL input to enable SRC7 or CPU2_ITP/33-MHz clock output. (sampled on the VTT_PWRGD# assertion). 1 = CPU2_ITP, 0 = SRC7 9 PCIF1/96_100_SEL I/O, 33 MHz clock/3.3V-tolerant input for 96_100M frequency selection PD,SE (sampled on the VTT_PWRGD# assertion). 1 = 100 MHz, 0 = 96 MHz 10 VTT_PWRGD#/PD I, PU PWR 11 VDD_48 12 FS_A/48_M0 13 VSS_48 14,15 DOT96T, DOT96C 16 FS_B/TEST_MODE 17,18 96_100_SSC 19,20,22,23, SRCT/C 24,25,30,31 I/O GND 3.3V LVTTL input. This pin is a level sensitive strobe used to latch the FS_A, FS_B, FS_C and ITP_EN, 96MSS_SRC_SEL inputs, SEL_CLKREQ. After VTT_PWRGD# (active LOW) assertion, this pin becomes a real-time input for asserting power-down (active HIGH). 3.3V power supply for outputs. 3.3V-tolerant input for CPU frequency selection/fixed 48-MHz clock output. Refer to DC Electrical Specifications table for Vil_FS and Vih_FS specifications. Ground for outputs. O, DIF Fixed 96 MHz clock output. I 3.3V-tolerant input for CPU frequency selection. Selects Ref/N or Tri-state when in test mode 0 = Tri-state, 1 = Ref/N Refer to DC Electrical Specifications table for Vil_FS and Vih_FS specifications. O,DIF Differential 96 /100 MHz SS clock for flat-panel display O, DIF 100 MHz Differential serial reference clocks. 21,28 VDD_SRC PWR 3.3V power supply for outputs. 34 VDD_SRC_ITP PWR 3.3V power supply for outputs. 26,27 SRC4_SATAT, SRC4_SATAC 29 VSS_SRC 36,35 CPUT2_ITP/SRCT7, O, DIF Selectable differential CPU or SRC clock output. CPUC2_ITP/SRCC7 ITP_EN = 0 @ VTT_PWRGD# assertion = SRC7 ITP_EN = 1 @ VTT_PWRGD# assertion = CPU2 O, DIF Differential serial reference clock. Recommended output for SATA. GND Ground for outputs. 37 VDDA PWR 3.3V power supply for PLL. 38 VSSA GND Ground for PLL. 39 IREF I 42 VDD_CPU 44,43,41,40 CPUT/C PWR 3.3V power supply for outputs. O, DIF Differential CPU clock outputs. 45 VSS_CPU 46 SCLK I 47 SDATA I/O Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 A precision resistor is attached to this pin, which is connected to the internal current reference. GND Ground for outputs. SMBus-compatible SCLOCK. SMBus-compatible SDATA. Page 2 of 19 CY28442-2 Pin Definitions (continued) Pin No. 48 Name Type Description VDDA2 PWR 49 XOUT O, SE 14.318 MHz crystal output. 50 XIN I GND 3.3V power supply for PLL2 14.318 MHz crystal input. 51 VSSA2 52 REF1 O Ground for PLL2. Fixed 14.318 MHz clock output. 53 FS_C_TEST_SEL/ REF0 I/O 3.3V-tolerant input for CPU frequency selection/fixed 14.318 clock output. Selects test mode if pulled to greater than 1.8V when VTT_PWRGD# is asserted LOW. Refer to DC Electrical Specifications table for VIL_FS,VIH_FS specifications. 54 CPU_STP# I, PU 3.3V LVTTL input for CPU_STP# active LOW. 55 PCI_STP# I, PU 3.3V LVTTL input for PCI_STP# active LOW. 56 PCI2/SEL_CLKREQ I/O, PD 3.3V-tolerant input for CLKREQ pin selection/fixed 33-MHz clock output. (sampled on the VTT_PWRGD# assertion). 1= pins 32,33 function as clk request pins, 0= pins 32,33 function as SRC outputs. Table 1. Frequency Select Table FS_A, FS_B, and FS_C FS_C FS_B FS_A CPU SRC PCIF/PCI REF0 DOT96 USB 1 0 1 100 MHz 100 MHz 33 MHz 14.318 MHz 96 MHz 48 MHz 0 0 1 133 MHz 100 MHz 33 MHz 14.318 MHz 96 MHz 48 MHz 0 1 1 166 MHz 100 MHz 33 MHz 14.318 MHz 96 MHz 48 MHz 0 1 0 200 MHz 100 MHz 33 MHz 14.318 MHz 96 MHz 48 MHz Frequency Select Pins (FS_A, FS_B, and FS_C) Host clock frequency selection is achieved by applying the appropriate logic levels to FS_A, FS_B, FS_C inputs prior to VTT_PWRGD# assertion (as seen by the clock synthesizer). Upon VTT_PWRGD# being sampled LOW by the clock chip (indicating processor VTT voltage is stable), the clock chip samples the FS_A, FS_B, and FS_C input values. For all logic levels of FS_A, FS_B, and FS_C, VTT_PWRGD# employs a one-shot functionality in that once a valid LOW on VTT_PWRGD# has been sampled, all further VTT_PWRGD#, FS_A, FS_B, and FS_C transitions will be ignored, except in test mode. Serial Data Interface To enhance the flexibility and function of the clock synthesizer, a two-signal serial interface is provided. Through the Serial Data Interface, various device functions, such as individual clock output buffers, can be individually enabled or disabled. The registers associated with the Serial Data Interface initialize to their default setting upon power-up, and therefore use of this interface is optional. Clock device register changes are normally made upon system initialization, if any are required. The interface cannot be used during system operation for power management functions. Data Protocol The clock driver serial protocol accepts byte write, byte read, block write, and block read operations from the controller. For block write/read operation, the bytes must be accessed in sequential order from lowest to highest byte (most significant bit first) with the ability to stop after any complete byte has been transferred. For byte write and byte read operations, the system controller can access individually indexed bytes. The offset of the indexed byte is encoded in the command code, as described in Table 2. The block write and block read protocol is outlined in Table 3 while Table 4 outlines the corresponding byte write and byte read protocol. The slave receiver address is 11010010 (D2h). Table 2. Command Code Definition Bit 7 (6:0) Description 0 = Block read or block write operation, 1 = Byte read or byte write operation Byte offset for byte read or byte write operation. For block read or block write operations, these bits should be '0000000' Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 3 of 19 CY28442-2 Table 3. Block Read and Block Write Protocol Block Write Protocol Bit 1 8:2 Description Start Block Read Protocol Bit 1 Slave address – 7 bits 8:2 Description Start Slave address – 7 bits 9 Write 9 Write 10 Acknowledge from slave 10 Acknowledge from slave 18:11 Command Code – 8 bits 18:11 Command Code – 8 bits 19 Acknowledge from slave 19 Acknowledge from slave Byte Count – 8 bits (Skip this step if I2C_EN bit set) 20 Repeat start 27:20 28 36:29 37 45:38 Acknowledge from slave Data byte 1 – 8 bits Acknowledge from slave Data byte 2 – 8 bits 46 Acknowledge from slave .... Data Byte /Slave Acknowledges .... Data Byte N – 8 bits .... Acknowledge from slave .... Stop 27:21 Slave address – 7 bits 28 Read = 1 29 Acknowledge from slave 37:30 38 46:39 47 55:48 Byte Count from slave – 8 bits Acknowledge Data byte 1 from slave – 8 bits Acknowledge Data byte 2 from slave – 8 bits 56 Acknowledge .... Data bytes from slave / Acknowledge .... Data Byte N from slave – 8 bits .... NOT Acknowledge .... Stop Table 4. Byte Read and Byte Write Protocol Byte Write Protocol Bit 1 8:2 9 Description Start Slave address – 7 bits Write Byte Read Protocol Bit 1 8:2 9 Description Start Slave address – 7 bits Write 10 Acknowledge from slave 10 Acknowledge from slave 18:11 Command Code – 8 bits 18:11 Command Code – 8 bits 19 Acknowledge from slave 19 Acknowledge from slave Data byte – 8 bits 20 Repeated start 27:20 28 Acknowledge from slave 29 Stop Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 27:21 28 Slave address – 7 bits Read 29 Acknowledge from slave 37:30 Data from slave – 8 bits 38 NOT Acknowledge 39 Stop Page 4 of 19 CY28442-2 Control Registers Byte 0: Control Register 0 Bit 7 @Pup 1 6 1 Name CPUT2_ITP/SRCT7 CPUC2_ITP/SRCC7 SRC[T/C]6 5 1 SRC[T/C]5 4 1 SRC[T/C]4 3 1 SRC[T/C]3 2 1 SRC[T/C]2 1 1 SRC[T/C]1 0 1 RESERVED Description CPU[T/C]2_ITP/SRC[T/C]7 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enable SRC[T/C]6 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enable SRC[T/C]5 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enable SRC[T/C]4 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enable SRC[T/C]3 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enable SRC[T/C]2 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enable SRC[T/C]1 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enable RESERVED Byte 1: Control Register 1 Bit 7 @Pup 1 Name PCIF0 6 1 DOT_96T/C 5 1 USB_48 4 1 REF0 3 1 REF1 2 1 CPU[T/C]1 1 1 CPU[T/C]0 0 0 CPU Description PCIF0 Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled DOT_96 MHz Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enabled USB_48 MHz Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled REF0 Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled REF1 Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled CPU[T/C]1 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enabled CPU[T/C]0 Output Enable 0 = Disable (Tri-state), 1 = Enabled PLL1 (CPU PLL) Spread Spectrum Enable 0 = Spread off, 1 = Spread on Byte 2: Control Register 2 Bit 7 @Pup 1 Name PCI5 6 1 PCI4 5 1 PCI3 4 1 PCI2 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 Reserved Reserved Reserved PCIF1 Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Description PCI5 Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled PCI4 Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled PCI3 Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled PCI2 Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled Reserved, Set = 1 Reserved, Set = 1 Reserved, Set = 1 PCIF1 Output Enable 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled Page 5 of 19 CY28442-2 Byte 3: Control Register 3 Bit 7 @Pup 0 Name SRC7 6 0 SRC6 5 0 SRC5 4 0 SRC4 3 0 SRC3 2 0 SRC2 1 0 SRC1 0 0 RESERVED Description Allow control of SRC[T/C]7 with assertion of PCI_STP# or SW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# Allow control of SRC[T/C]6 with assertion of PCI_STP# or SW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# Allow control of SRC[T/C]5 with assertion of PCI_STP# or SW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# Allow control of SRC[T/C]4 with assertion of PCI_STP# or SW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# Allow control of SRC[T/C]3 with assertion of PCI_STP# or SW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# Allow control of SRC[T/C]2 with assertion of PCI_STP# or SW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# Allow control of SRC[T/C]1 with assertion of PCI_STP# or SW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# RESERVED Byte 4: Control Register 4 Bit 7 @Pup 0 Name 96_100_SSC 6 0 DOT96T/C 5 4 0 0 RESERVED PCIF1 3 0 PCIF0 2 1 CPU[T/C]2 1 1 CPU[T/C]1 0 1 CPU[T/C]0 Description 96_100_SSC Drive Mode 0 = Driven in PWRDWN, 1 = Tri-state DOT_PWRDWN Drive Mode 0 = Driven in PWRDWN, 1 = Tri-state RESERVED Allow control of PCIF1 with assertion of SW and HW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# Allow control of PCIF0 with assertion of SW and HW PCI_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with PCI_STP# Allow control of CPU[T/C]2 with assertion of CPU_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with CPU_STP# Allow control of CPU[T/C]1 with assertion of CPU_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with CPU_STP# Allow control of CPU[T/C]0 with assertion of CPU_STP# 0 = Free running, 1 = Stopped with CPU_STP# Byte 5: Control Register 5 Bit 7 @Pup 0 Name SRC[T/C] 6 0 CPU[T/C]2 5 0 CPU[T/C]1 4 0 CPU[T/C]0 3 0 SRC[T/C][7:1] 2 0 CPU[T/C]2 1 0 CPU[T/C]1 Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Description SRC[T/C] Stop Drive Mode 0 = Driven when PCI_STP# asserted,1 = Tri-state when PCI_STP# asserted CPU[T/C]2 Stop Drive Mode 0 = Driven when CPU_STP# asserted,1 = Tri-state when CPU_STP# asserted CPU[T/C]1 Stop Drive Mode 0 = Driven when CPU_STP# asserted,1 = Tri-state when CPU_STP# asserted CPU[T/C]0 Stop Drive Mode 0 = Driven when CPU_STP# asserted,1 = Tri-state when CPU_STP# asserted SRC[T/C] PWRDWN Drive Mode 0 = Driven when PD asserted,1 = Tri-state when PD asserted CPU[T/C]2 PWRDWN Drive Mode 0 = Driven when PD asserted,1 = Tri-state when PD asserted CPU[T/C]1 PWRDWN Drive Mode 0 = Driven when PD asserted,1 = Tri-state when PD asserted Page 6 of 19 CY28442-2 Byte 5: Control Register 5 (continued) Bit 0 @Pup 0 Name CPU[T/C]0 Description CPU[T/C]0 PWRDWN Drive Mode 0 = Driven when PD asserted,1 = Tri-state when PD asserted Byte 6: Control Register 6 Bit 7 @Pup 0 6 0 5 4 0 1 3 1 2 HW 1 HW 0 HW Name TEST_SEL Description REF/N or Tri-state Select 0 = Tri-state, 1 = REF/N Clock TEST_MODE Test Clock Mode Entry Control 0 = Normal operation, 1 = REF/N or Tri-state mode, RESERVED RESERVED REF REF Output Drive Strength 0 = Low, 1 = High PCI, PCIF and SRC clock SW PCI_STP Function outputs except those set 0=SW PCI_STP assert, 1= SW PCI_STP deassert When this bit is set to 0, all STOPPABLE PCI, PCIF and SRC outputs will to free running be stopped in a synchronous manner with no short pulses. When this bit is set to 1, all STOPPED PCI, PCIF and SRC outputs will resume in a synchronous manner with no short pulses. FS_C FS_C Reflects the value of the FS_C pin sampled on power-up 0 = FS_C was low during VTT_PWRGD# assertion FS_B FS_B Reflects the value of the FS_B pin sampled on power-up 0 = FS_B was low during VTT_PWRGD# assertion FS_A FS_A Reflects the value of the FS_A pin sampled on power-up 0 = FS_A was low during VTT_PWRGD# assertion Byte 7: Vendor ID Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 @Pup 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Name Revision Code Bit 3 Revision Code Bit 2 Revision Code Bit 1 Revision Code Bit 0 Vendor ID Bit 3 Vendor ID Bit 2 Vendor ID Bit 1 Vendor ID Bit 0 Description Revision Code Bit 3 Revision Code Bit 2 Revision Code Bit 1 Revision Code Bit 0 Vendor ID Bit 3 Vendor ID Bit 2 Vendor ID Bit 1 Vendor ID Bit 0 Byte 8: Control Register 8 7 Bit @Pup 0 Name CLKREQ#B 6 1 CLKREQ#B 5 0 CLKREQ#B 4 0 CLKREQ#B 3 2 0 1 RESERVED CLKREQ#A Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Description SRC[T/C]7CLKREQ#B control 1 = SRC[T/C]7 stoppable by CLKREQ#B pin 0 = SRC[T/C]7 not controlled by CLKREQ#B pin SRC[T/C]5 CLKREQ#B control 1 = SRC[T/C]5 stoppable by CLKREQ#B pin 0 = SRC[T/C]5 not controlled by CLKREQ#B pin SRC[T/C]3 CLKREQ#B control 1 = SRC[T/C]3 stoppable by CLKREQ#B pin 0 = SRC[T/C]3 not controlled by CLKREQ#B pin SRC[T/C]1 CLKREQ#B control 1 = SRC[T/C]1 stoppable by CLKREQ#B pin 0 = SRC[T/C]1 not controlled by CLKREQ#B pin RESERVED SRC[T/C]4 CLKREQ#A control 1 = SRC[T/C]4 stoppable by CLKREQ#A pin 0 = SRC[T/C]4 not controlled by CLKREQ#A pin Page 7 of 19 CY28442-2 Byte 8: Control Register 8 (continued) 1 Bit @Pup 0 0 0 Name CLKREQ#A RESERVED Description SRC[T/C]2 CLKREQ#A control 1 = SRC[T/C]2 stoppable by CLKREQ#A pin 0 = SRC[T/C]2 not controlled by CLKREQ#A pin RESERVED Byte 9: Control Register 9 7 6 5 4 Bit @Pup 0 0 0 0 Name 3 2 1 1 96_100 SEL 96_100 Enable 1 1 96_100 SS Enable 0 0 96_100 SW HW S3 S2 S1 S0 Description 96_100_SSC Spread Spectrum Selection table: S[3:0] SS% ‘0000’ = –0.8%(Default value) ‘0001’ = –1.0% ‘0010’ = –1.25% ‘0011’ = –1.5% ‘0100’ = –1.75% ‘0101’ = –2.0% ‘0110’ = –2.5% ‘0111’ = –0.5% ‘1000’ = ±0.25% ‘1001’ = ±0.4% ‘1010’ = ±0.5% ‘1011’ = ±0.6% ‘1100’ = ±0.8% ‘1101’ = ±1.0% ‘1110’ = ±1.25% ‘1111’ = ±1.5% Software select 96_100_SSC output frequency, 0 = 96 MHz, 1 = 100 MHz. 96_100_SSC Enable, 0 = Disable, 1 = Enable. 96_100_SSC Spread spectrum enable. 0 = Disable, 1 = Enable. Select output frequency of 96_100_SSC via software or hardware 0 = Hardware, 1 = Software. Byte 10: Control Register 10 Bit 7 6 @Pup 0 0 Name RESERVED CLKREQ#B 5 0 CLKREQ#B 4 3 0 0 RESERVED CLKREQ#A 2 0 CLKREQ#A 1 0 CLKREQ#A 0 0 CLKREQ#A Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Description RESERVED SRC[T/C]4 CLKREQ#B control 1 = SRC[T/C]4 stoppable by CLKREQ#B pin 0 = SRC[T/C]4not controlled by CLKREQ#B pin SRC[T/C]2 CLKREQ#B control 1 = SRC[T/C]2 stoppable by CLKREQ#B pin 0 = SRC[T/C]2 not controlled by CLKREQ#B pin RESERVED SRC[T/C]7CLKREQ#A control 1 = SRC[T/C]7 stoppable by CLKREQ#A pin 0 = SRC[T/C]7 not controlled by CLKREQ#A pin SRC[T/C]5 CLKREQ#A control 1 = SRC[T/C]5 stoppable by CLKREQ#A pin 0 = SRC[T/C]5 not controlled by CLKREQ#A pin SRC[T/C]3 CLKREQ#A control 1 = SRC[T/C]3 stoppable by CLKREQ#A pin 0 = SRC[T/C]3 not controlled by CLKREQ#A pin SRC[T/C]1 CLKREQ#A control 1 = SRC[T/C]1 stoppable by CLKREQ#A pin 0 = SRC[T/C]1 not controlled by CLKREQ#A pin Page 8 of 19 CY28442-2 Table 5. Crystal Recommendations Frequency (Fund) Cut Loading Load Cap Drive (max.) 14.31818 MHz AT Parallel 0.1 mW 20 pF The CY28442-2 requires a Parallel Resonance Crystal. Substituting a series resonance crystal will cause the CY28442-2 to operate at the wrong frequency and violate the ppm specification. For most applications there is a 300-ppm frequency shift between series and parallel crystals due to incorrect loading. Shunt Cap (max.) Motional (max.) Tolerance (max.) Stability (max.) Aging (max.) 5 pF 0.016 pF 35 ppm 30 ppm 5 ppm . Clock Chip Ci2 Ci1 Pin 3 to 6p Crystal Loading Crystal loading plays a critical role in achieving low ppm performance. To realize low ppm performance, the total capacitance the crystal will see must be considered to calculate the appropriate capacitive loading (CL). X2 X1 Cs1 Cs2 Trace 2.8pF Figure 1 shows a typical crystal configuration using the two trim capacitors. An important clarification for the following discussion is that the trim capacitors are in series with the crystal not parallel. It’s a common misconception that load capacitors are in parallel with the crystal and should be approximately equal to the load capacitance of the crystal. This is not true. XTAL Ce1 Ce2 Trim 33pF Figure 2. Crystal Loading Example As mentioned previously, the capacitance on each side of the crystal is in series with the crystal. This mean the total capacitance on each side of the crystal must be twice the specified load capacitance (CL). While the capacitance on each side of the crystal is in series with the crystal, trim capacitors (Ce1,Ce2) should be calculated to provide equal capacitance loading on both sides. Figure 1. Crystal Capacitive Clarification Use the following formulas to calculate the trim capacitor values for Ce1 and Ce2. Load Capacitance (each side) Calculating Load Capacitors In addition to the standard external trim capacitors, trace capacitance and pin capacitance must also be considered to correctly calculate crystal loading. As mentioned previously, the capacitance on each side of the crystal is in series with the crystal. This means the total capacitance on each side of the crystal must be twice the specified crystal load capacitance (CL). While the capacitance on each side of the crystal is in series with the crystal, trim capacitors (Ce1,Ce2) should be calculated to provide equal capacitive loading on both sides. Ce = 2 * CL – (Cs + Ci) Total Capacitance (as seen by the crystal) CLe = 1 1 ( Ce1 + Cs1 + Ci1 + 1 Ce2 + Cs2 + Ci2 ) CL....................................................Crystal load capacitance CLe......................................... Actual loading seen by crystal using standard value trim capacitors Ce..................................................... External trim capacitors Cs .............................................. Stray capacitance (terraced) Ci ...........................................................Internal capacitance (lead frame, bond wires etc.) CLK_REQ[0:1]# Description The CLKREQ#[A:B] signals are active LOW inputs used for clean enabling and disabling selected SRC outputs. The outputs controlled by CLKREQ#[A:B] are determined by the settings in register byte 8. The CLKREQ# signal is a de-bounced signal in that it’s state must remain unchanged during two consecutive rising edges of SRCC to be recognized as a valid assertion or deassertion. (The assertion and deassertion of this signal is absolutely asynchronous). Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 9 of 19 CY28442-2 CLKREQ#X SRCT(free running) SRCC(free running) SRCT(stoppable) SRCT(stoppable) Figure 3. CLK_REQ#[A:B] Deassertion/Assertion Waveform CLK_REQ[A:B]# Assertion (CLKREQ# -> LOW) All differential outputs that were stopped are to resume normal operation in a glitch-free manner. The maximum latency from the assertion to active outputs is between 2 and 6 SRC clock periods (2 clocks are shown) with all SRC outputs resuming simultaneously. All stopped SRC outputs must be driven high within 10 ns of CLKREQ#[1:0] deassertion to a voltage greater than 200 mV. CLK_REQ[A:B]# Deassertion (CLKREQ# -> HIGH) The impact of deasserting the CLKREQ#[A:B] pins is that all SRC outputs that are set in the control registers to stoppable via deassertion of CLKREQ#[A:B] are to be stopped after their next transition. The final state of all stopped DIF signals is LOW, both SRCT clock and SRCC clock outputs will not be driven. PD (Power-down) Clarification The VTT_PWRGD# /PD pin is a dual-function pin. During initial power-up, the pin functions as VTT_PWRGD#. Once VTT_PWRGD# has been sampled LOW by the clock chip, the pin assumes PD functionality. The PD pin is an asynchronous active HIGH input used to shut off all clocks cleanly prior to shutting off power to the device. This signal is synchronized internal to the device prior to powering down the clock synthesizer. PD is also an asynchronous input for powering up the system. When PD is asserted HIGH, all clocks need to be driven to a LOW value and held prior to turning off the VCOs and the crystal oscillator. PD (Power-down) Assertion When PD is sampled HIGH by two consecutive rising edges of CPUC, all single-ended outputs will be held LOW on their next HIGH-to-LOW transition and differential clocks must held high or tri-stated (depending on the state of the control register drive mode bit) on the next diff clock# HIGH-to-LOW transition within 4 clock periods. When the SMBus PD drive mode bit corresponding to the differential (CPU, SRC, and DOT) clock output of interest is programmed to ‘0’, the clock output are held with “Diff clock” pin driven HIGH at 2 x Iref, and “Diff clock#” tri-state. If the control register PD drive mode bit corresponding to the output of interest is programmed to “1”, then both the “Diff clock” and the “Diff clock#” are tri-state. Note the example below shows CPUT = 133 MHz and PD drive mode = ‘1’ for all differential outputs. This diagram and description is applicable to valid CPU frequencies 100, 133, 166, 200, 266, 333, and 400 MHz. In the event that PD mode is desired as the initial power-on state, PD must be asserted HIGH in less than 10 Ps after asserting Vtt_PwrGd#. PD CPUT, 133MHz CPUC, 133MHz SRCT 100MHz SRCC 100MHz USB, 48MHz DOT96T DOT96C PCI, 33 MHz REF Figure 4. Power-down Assertion Timing Waveform Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 10 of 19 CY28442-2 PD Deassertion CPU_STP# Assertion The power-up latency is less than 1.8 ms. This is the time from the deassertion of the PD pin or the ramping of the power supply until the time that stable clocks are output from the clock chip. All differential outputs stopped in a three-state condition resulting from power down will be driven high in less than 300 Ps of PD deassertion to a voltage greater than 200 mV. After the clock chip’s internal PLL is powered up and locked, all outputs will be enabled within a few clock cycles of each other. Below is an example showing the relationship of clocks coming up. The CPU_STP# signal is an active LOW input used for synchronous stopping and starting the CPU output clocks while the rest of the clock generator continues to function. When the CPU_STP# pin is asserted, all CPU outputs that are set with the SMBus configuration to be stoppable via assertion of CPU_STP# will be stopped within two–six CPU clock periods after being sampled by two rising edges of the internal CPUC clock. The final states of the stopped CPU signals are CPUT = HIGH and CPUC = LOW. There is no change to the output drive current values during the stopped state. The CPUT is driven HIGH with a current value equal to 6 x (Iref), and the CPUC signal will be tri-stated. Tstable <1.8nS PD CPUT, 133MHz CPUC, 133MHz SRCT 100MHz SRCC 100MHz USB, 48MHz DOT96T DOT96C PCI, 33MHz REF Tdrive_PWRDN# <300PS, >200mV Figure 5. Power-down Deassertion Timing Waveform CPU_STP# CPUT CPUC Figure 6. CPU_STP# Assertion Waveform Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 11 of 19 CY28442-2 CPU_STP# Deassertion The deassertion of the CPU_STP# signal will cause all CPU outputs that were stopped to resume normal operation in a synchronous manner. Synchronous manner meaning that no short or stretched clock pulses will be produce when the clock resumes. The maximum latency from the deassertion to active outputs is no more than two CPU clock cycles. CPU_STP# CPUT CPUC CPUT Internal CPUC Internal Tdrive_CPU_STP#,10nS>200mV Figure 7. CPU_STP# Deassertion Waveform 1.8mS CPU_STOP# PD CPUT(Free Running CPUC(Free Running CPUT(Stoppable) CPUC(Stoppable) DOT96T DOT96C Figure 8. CPU_STP#= Driven, CPU_PD = Driven, DOT_PD = Driven 1.8mS CPU_STOP# PD CPUT(Free Running) CPUC(Free Running) CPUT(Stoppable) CPUC(Stoppable) DOT96T DOT96C Figure 9. CPU_STP# = Tri-state, CPU_PD = Tri-state, DOT_PD = Tri-state Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 12 of 19 CY28442-2 PCI_STP# Assertion PCI_STP# Deassertion The PCI_STP# signal is an active LOW input used for synchronous stopping and starting the PCI outputs while the rest of the clock generator continues to function. The set-up time for capturing PCI_STP# going LOW is 10 ns (tSU). (See Figure 10.) The PCIF clocks will not be affected by this pin if their corresponding control bit in the SMBus register is set to allow them to be free-running. The deassertion of the PCI_STP# signal will cause all PCI and stoppable PCIF clocks to resume running in a synchronous manner within two PCI clock periods after PCI_STP# transitions to a high level. Tsu PCI_STP# PCI_F PCI SRC 100MHz Figure 10. PCI_STP# Assertion Waveform Tsu Tdrive_SRC PCI_STP# PCI_F PCI SRC 100MHz Figure 11. PCI_STP# Deassertion Waveform FS_A, FS_B,FS_C VTT_PW RGD# PW RGD_VRM 0.2-0.3mS Delay VDD Clock Gen Clock State Clock Outputs Clock VCO State 0 W ait for VTT_PW RGD# State 1 State 2 Off Off Device is not affected, VTT_PW RGD# is ignored Sample Sels State 3 On On Figure 12. VTT_PWRGD# Timing Diagram Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 13 of 19 CY28442-2 S2 S1 VTT_PWRGD# = Low Delay >0.25mS Sample Inputs straps VDD_A = 2.0V Wait for <1.8ms S0 S3 Normal Operation VDD_A = off Power Off Enable Outputs VTT_PWRGD# = toggle Figure 13. Clock Generator Power-up/Run State Diagram Absolute Maximum Conditions Parameter Description Condition Min. Max. Unit –0.5 4.6 V VDD Core Supply Voltage VDD_A Analog Supply Voltage –0.5 4.6 V VIN Input Voltage Relative to VSS –0.5 VDD + 0.5 VDC TS Temperature, Storage Non-functional –65 150 °C TA Temperature, Operating Ambient Functional 0 85 °C TJ Temperature, Junction Functional – 150 °C ØJC Dissipation, Junction to Case Mil-STD-883E Method 1012.1 – 20 °C/W ØJA Dissipation, Junction to Ambient JEDEC (JESD 51) – 60 °C/W ESDHBM ESD Protection (Human Body Model) MIL-STD-883, Method 3015 2000 – V UL-94 Flammability Rating At 1/8 in. MSL Moisture Sensitivity Level V–0 1 Multiple Supplies: The Voltage on any input or I/O pin cannot exceed the power pin during power-up. Power supply sequencing is NOT required. DC Electrical Specifications Parameter Description Condition All VDDs 3.3V Operating Voltage 3.3 ± 5% Min. Max. Unit 3.135 3.465 V VILI2C Input Low Voltage SDATA, SCLK – 1.0 V VIHI2C Input High Voltage SDATA, SCLK 2.2 – V VIL_FS FS_[A,B] Input Low Voltage VSS – 0.3 0.35 V VIH_FS FS_[A,B] Input High Voltage 0.7 VDD + 0.5 V VILFS_C FS_C Input Low Voltage VSS – 0.3 0.35 V VIMFS_C FS_C Input Middle Voltage 0.7 1.8 V VIHFS_C FS_C Input High Voltage VIL 3.3V Input Low Voltage 1.8 VDD + 0.5 V VSS – 0.3 0.8 V VIH 3.3V Input High Voltage 2.0 VDD + 0.3 V IIL Input Low Leakage Current Except internal pull-up resistors, 0 < VIN < VDD –5 5 PA IIH Input High Leakage Current Except internal pull-down resistors, 0 < VIN < VDD – 5 PA VOL 3.3V Output Low Voltage IOL = 1 mA – 0.4 V VOH 3.3V Output High Voltage IOH = –1 mA 2.4 – V Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 14 of 19 CY28442-2 DC Electrical Specifications (continued) Parameter Description Condition Min. Max. Unit –10 10 PA 3 5 pF IOZ High-impedance Output Current CIN Input Pin Capacitance COUT Output Pin Capacitance 3 5 pF LIN Pin Inductance – 7 nH VXIH Xin High Voltage 0.7VDD VDD V VXIL Xin Low Voltage 0 0.3VDD V IDD3.3V Dynamic Supply Current At max. load and freq. per Figure 15 – 400 mA IPD3.3V Power-down Supply Current PD asserted, Outputs Driven – 70 mA IPD3.3V Power-down Supply Current PD asserted, Outputs Tri-state – 2 mA ITRI Tri-state Current Current in tri-state mode – 100 mA Condition Min. Max. Unit 47.5 52.5 % 69.841 71.0 ns – 10.0 ns AC Electrical Specifications Parameter Description Crystal TDC XIN Duty Cycle The device will operate reliably with input duty cycles up to 30/70 but the REF clock duty cycle will not be within specification TPERIOD XIN Period When XIN is driven from an external clock source T R / TF XIN Rise and Fall Times Measured between 0.3VDD and 0.7VDD TCCJ XIN Cycle to Cycle Jitter As an average over 1-Ps duration – 500 ps LACC Long-term Accuracy Over 150 ms – 300 ppm CPU at 0.7V TDC CPUT and CPUC Duty Cycle Measured at crossing point VOX 45 55 % TPERIOD 100-MHz CPUT and CPUC Period Measured at crossing point VOX 9.997001 10.00300 ns TPERIOD 133-MHz CPUT and CPUC Period Measured at crossing point VOX 7.497751 7.502251 ns TPERIOD 166-MHz CPUT and CPUC Period Measured at crossing point VOX 5.998201 6.001801 ns TPERIOD 200-MHz CPUT and CPUC Period Measured at crossing point VOX 4.998500 5.001500 ns TPERIODSS 100-MHz CPUT and CPUC Period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 9.997001 10.05327 ns TPERIODSS 133-MHz CPUT and CPUC Period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 7.497751 7.539950 ns TPERIODSS 166-MHz CPUT and CPUC Period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 5.998201 6.031960 ns TPERIODSS 200-MHz CPUT and CPUC Period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 4.998500 5.026634 ns TPERIODAbs 100-MHz CPUT and CPUC Absolute period Measured at crossing point VOX 9.912001 10.08800 ns TPERIODAbs 133-MHz CPUT and CPUC Absolute period Measured at crossing point VOX 7.412751 7.587251 ns TPERIODAbs 166-MHz CPUT and CPUC Absolute period Measured at crossing point VOX 5.913201 6.086801 ns TPERIODAbs 200-MHz CPUT and CPUC Absolute period Measured at crossing point VOX 4.913500 5.086500 ns TPERIODSSAbs 100-MHz CPUT and CPUC Absolute period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 9.912001 10.13827 ns TPERIODSSAbs 133-MHz CPUT and CPUC Absolute period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 7.412751 7.624950 ns TPERIODSSAbs 166-MHz CPUT and CPUC Absolute period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 5.913201 6.116960 ns Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 15 of 19 CY28442-2 AC Electrical Specifications (continued) Parameter Description TPERIODSSAbs 200-MHz CPUT and CPUC Absolute period, SSC Min. Max. Unit Measured at crossing point VOX Condition 4.913500 5.111634 ns TCCJ CPUT/C Cycle to Cycle Jitter Measured at crossing point VOX – 85 ps TCCJ2 CPU2_ITP Cycle to Cycle Jitter Measured at crossing point VOX – 125 ps TSKEW2 CPU2_ITP to CPU0 Clock Skew Measured at crossing point VOX – 150 ps T R / TF CPUT and CPUC Rise and Fall Time Measured from VOL = 0.175 to VOH = 0.525V 175 700 ps TRFM Rise/Fall Matching Determined as a fraction of 2*(TR – TF)/(TR + TF) – 20 % 'TR Rise Time Variation – 125 ps 'TF Fall Time Variation – 125 ps VHIGH Voltage High Math averages Figure 15 660 850 mV VLOW Voltage Low Math averages Figure 15 –150 – mV VOX Crossing Point Voltage at 0.7V Swing 250 550 mV VOVS Maximum Overshoot Voltage – VHIGH + 0.3 V VUDS Minimum Undershoot Voltage –0.3 – V VRB Ring Back Voltage See Figure 15. Measure SE – 0.2 V SRC TDC SRCT and SRCC Duty Cycle Measured at crossing point VOX 45 55 % TPERIOD 100-MHz SRCT and SRCC Period Measured at crossing point VOX 9.997001 10.00300 ns TPERIODSS 100-MHz SRCT and SRCC Period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 9.997001 10.05327 ns TPERIODAbs 100-MHz SRCT and SRCC Absolute Period Measured at crossing point VOX 9.872001 10.12800 ns TPERIODSSAbs 100-MHz SRCT and SRCC Absolute Period, SSC Measured at crossing point VOX 9.872001 10.17827 ns TSKEW Any SRCT/C to SRCT/C Clock Skew Measured at crossing point VOX – 100 ps TCCJ SRCT/C Cycle to Cycle Jitter Measured at crossing point VOX – 125 ps LACC SRCT/C Long Term Accuracy Measured at crossing point VOX T R / TF SRCT and SRCC Rise and Fall Time Measured from VOL = 0.175 to VOH = 0.525V TRFM Rise/Fall Matching Determined as a fraction of 2*(TR – TF)/(TR + TF) 'TR Rise TimeVariation 'TF Fall Time Variation VHIGH Voltage High Math averages Figure 15 VLOW Voltage Low Math averages Figure 15 –150 – mV VOX Crossing Point Voltage at 0.7V Swing 250 550 mV VOVS Maximum Overshoot Voltage – VHIGH + 0.3 V VUDS Minimum Undershoot Voltage –0.3 – V VRB Ring Back Voltage – 0.2 V PCI/PCIF TDC PCI Duty Cycle Measurement at 1.5V 45 55 % TPERIOD Spread Disabled PCIF/PCI Period Measurement at 1.5V 29.99100 30.00900 ns TPERIODSS Spread Enabled PCIF/PCI Period, SSC Measurement at 1.5V 29.9910 30.15980 ns TPERIODAbs Spread Disabled PCIF/PCI Period 29.49100 30.50900 ns Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 See Figure 15. Measure SE Measurement at 1.5V – 300 ppm 175 700 ps – 20 % – 125 ps – 125 ps 660 850 mV Page 16 of 19 CY28442-2 AC Electrical Specifications (continued) Parameter Description Condition TPERIODSSAbs Spread Enabled PCIF/PCI Period, SSC Measurement at 1.5V Min. Max. Unit 29.49100 30.65980 ns THIGH PCIF and PCI high time Measurement at 2.4V 12.0 – ns TLOW PCIF and PCI low time Measurement at 0.4V 12.0 – ns T R / TF PCIF/PCI rising and falling Edge Rate Measured between 0.8V and 2.0V 1.0 4.0 V/ns TSKEW Any PCI clock to Any PCI clock Skew Measurement at 1.5V – 500 ps TCCJ PCIF and PCI Cycle to Cycle Jitter Measurement at 1.5V – 500 ps DOT TDC DOT96T and DOT96C Duty Cycle Measured at crossing point VOX 45 55 % TPERIOD DOT96T and DOT96C Period Measured at crossing point VOX 10.41354 10.41979 ns TPERIODAbs DOT96T and DOT96C Absolute Period Measured at crossing point VOX 10.16354 10.66979 ns TCCJ DOT96T/C Cycle to Cycle Jitter Measured at crossing point VOX – 250 ps LACC DOT96T/C Long Term Accuracy Measured at crossing point VOX – 100 ppm T R / TF DOT96T and DOT96C Rise and Fall Time Measured from VOL = 0.175 to VOH = 0.525V 175 700 ps TRFM Rise/Fall Matching Determined as a fraction of 2*(TR – TF)/(TR + TF) – 20 % 'TR Rise Time Variation – 125 ps 'TF Fall Time Variation – 125 ps VHIGH Voltage High Math averages Figure 15 660 850 mV VLOW Voltage Low Math averages Figure 15 –150 – mV VOX Crossing Point Voltage at 0.7V Swing 250 550 mV VOVS Maximum Overshoot Voltage – VHIGH + 0.3 V VUDS Minimum Undershoot Voltage –0.3 – V VRB Ring Back Voltage See Figure 15. Measure SE – 0.2 V USB TDC Duty Cycle Measurement at 1.5V 45 55 % TPERIOD Period Measurement at 1.5V 20.83125 20.83542 ns TPERIODAbs Absolute Period Measurement at 1.5V 20.48125 21.18542 ns THIGH USB high time Measurement at 2.4V 8.094 10.036 ns TLOW USB low time Measurement at 0.4V 7.694 9.836 ns T R / TF Rising and Falling Edge Rate Measured between 0.8V and 2.0V 1.0 2.0 V/ns TCCJ Cycle to Cycle Jitter Measurement at 1.5V – 350 ps REF TDC REF Duty Cycle Measurement at 1.5V 45 55 % TPERIOD REF Period Measurement at 1.5V 69.8203 69.8622 ns TPERIODAbs REF Absolute Period Measurement at 1.5V 68.82033 70.86224 ns T R / TF REF Rising and Falling Edge Rate Measured between 0.8V and 2.0V 1.0 4.0 V/ns TCCJ REF Cycle to Cycle Jitter Measurement at 1.5V – 1000 ps – 1.8 ms 10.0 – ns 0 – ns ENABLE/DISABLE and SET-UP TSTABLE Clock Stabilization from Power-up TSS Stopclock Set-up Time TSH Stopclock Hold Time Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 17 of 19 CY28442-2 Test and Measurement Set-up For PCI Single-ended Signals and Reference The following diagram shows the single-ended PCI outputs. Output under Test tDC Probe 3.3V 2.4V 1.5V 30 pF Load Cap 0.4V 0V Tr Tf Figure 14. Single-ended PCI Lumped Load Configuration The following diagram shows the test load configuration for the differential CPU and SRC outputs. M e a s u re m e n t P o in t : CPUT SRCT D O T96T 96_100SSC T 2pF : : D if f e r e n t ia l M e a s u re m e n t P o in t : CPUC SRCC D O T96C 96_100SSC C 2pF : IR E F : Figure 15. 0.7V Differential Clock Load Configuration 3 .3 V s ig n a l s T DC - - 3 .3 V 2 .4 V 1 .5 V 0 .4 V 0V TR TF Figure 16. Single-ended Output Signals (for AC Parameters Measurement) Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 18 of 19 CY28442-2 Ordering Information Part Number Package Type Product Flow Lead-free CY28442ZXC-2 56-pin TSSOP Commercial, 0q to 85qC CY28442ZXC-2T 56-pin TSSOP – Tape and Reel Commercial, 0q to 85qC Package Diagrams 56-Lead Thin Shrunk Small Outline Package, Type II (6 mm x 12 mm) Z56 0.249[0.009] 28 1 DIMENSIONS IN MM[INCHES] MIN. MAX. REFERENCE JEDEC MO-153 7.950[0.313] 8.255[0.325] PACKAGE WEIGHT 0.42gms 5.994[0.236] 6.198[0.244] PART # Z5624 STANDARD PKG. ZZ5624 LEAD FREE PKG. 29 56 13.894[0.547] 14.097[0.555] 1.100[0.043] MAX. GAUGE PLANE 0.25[0.010] 0.20[0.008] 0.851[0.033] 0.950[0.037] 0.500[0.020] BSC 0.170[0.006] 0.279[0.011] 0.051[0.002] 0.152[0.006] 0°-8° 0.508[0.020] 0.762[0.030] 0.100[0.003] 0.200[0.008] SEATING PLANE While SLI has reviewed all information herein for accuracy and reliability, Spectra Linear Inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry or for the infringement of any patents or other rights of third parties which would result from each use. This product is intended for use in normal commercial applications and is not warranted nor is it intended for use in life support, critical medical instruments, or any other application requiring extended temperature range, high reliability, or any other extraordinary environmental requirements unless pursuant to additional processing by Spectra Linear Inc., and expressed written agreement by Spectra Linear Inc. Spectra Linear Inc. reserves the right to change any circuitry or specification without notice. Rev 1.0, November 21, 2006 Page 19 of 19