IK Semicon IK6501 Sine-wave pwm control Datasheet

TECHNICAL DATA
3-Phase Full-Wave Sine-Wave
PWM Brushless Motor Controller
IK6501
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
PACKAGE INFORMATION
FEATURES
 Sine-wave PWM control
 Built-in triangular-wave generator
(carrier cycle = fOSC/252 (Hz))
 Built-in lead angle control function
(0° to 58° in 32 steps)
 Built-in dead time function
(setting 2.6 μs or 3.8 μs)
 Supports bootstrap circuit
 Overcurrent protection signal input pin
 Built-in regulator (Vref = 5 V (typ.),
30 mA (max))
 Operating supply voltage range:
VСС = 6 V to 10 V
SSOP24-P-300-1.00
Weight: 0.33 g (typ.)
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IK6501
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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IK6501
PIN LIST AND DESCRIPTIONS
Pin
Name
Description
Remarks
21
HU
Positional signal input pin U
20
HV
Positional signal input pin V
19
HW
Positional signal input pin W
When positional signal is HHH or
LLL, gate block protection
operates.
With built-in pull-up resistor
18
CW/CCW Rotation direction signal
input pin
11
RES
22
L: Forward
H: Reverse
Reset-signal-input pin
L: Reset (Output is non-active)
Operation/Halt operation
Also used for gate block
protection
Ve
Inputs voltage instruction
signal
With built-in pull-down resistor
23
LA
Lead angle setting signal
input pin
Sets 0° to 58° in 32 steps
12
OS
Inputs output logic select
signal
L: Active low
H: Active high
Idc
Inputs overcurrentprotection-signal
Inputs DC link current.
Reference voltage: 0.5 V
With built-in filter (≈ 1 µs)
14
Xin
Inputs clock signal
With built-in feedback resistor
15
Xout
03
24
Vrefout
Outputs clock signal
Outputs reference voltage
signal
5 V (typ.), 30 mA (max)
FG signal output pin
Outputs 3PPR of positional signal
Reverse rotation detection
signal
Detects reverse rotation.
Select active high or active low
using the output logic select pin.
17
FG
16
REV
09
U
Outputs turn-on signal
08
V
Outputs turn-on signal
07
W
Outputs turn-on signal
06
X
Outputs turn-on signal
05
Y
Outputs turn-on signal
04
Z
Outputs turn-on signal
01
VСС
Power supply voltage pin
VСС = 6 V~10 V
10
Td
Inputs setting dead time
L: 3.8 µs, H or Open: 2.6 µs
02
P-GND
Ground for power supply
Ground pin
13
S-GND
Ground for signals
Ground pin
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IK6501
INPUT/OUTPUT EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS
Pin Description
Symbol Input/Output Signal
Positional signal input pin U
HU
Positional signal input pin V
HV
Positional signal input pin W
HW
Input/Output Internal
Circuit
Digital
With Schmitt trigger
Hysteresis 300 mV
(typ.)
L: 0.8 V (max)
H: Vrefout - 1 V (min)
L: Forward (CW)
H: Reverse (CCW)
Reset input
Digital
CW/CCW
Forward/reverse switching
input pin
With Schmitt trigger
Hysteresis 300 mV
(typ.)
RES
Digital
L: Stops operation (reset)
H: Operates
L: 0.8 V (max)
H: Vrefout - 1 V (min)
With Schmitt trigger
Hysteresis 300 mV
(typ.)
L: 0.8 V (max)
H: Vrefout - 1 V (min)
Voltage instruction signal
input pin
Ve
Input range 0 V
to 5.0 V
Turn on the lower
transistor at 0.2 V or less.
Input voltage of
Vrefout or higher is
clipped to Vrefout.
(X, Y, Z pins:
On duty of 8%)
Lead angle setting signal
input pin
0 V: 0°
5 V: 58°
(5-bit AD)
Analog
LA
Analog
Input range 0 V
to 5.0 V
Input voltage of
Vrefout or higher is
clipped to Vrefout
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Setting dead time input pin
Td
L: 3.8 µs
H or Open: 2.6 µs
Output logic select signal
input pin
Digital
L: 0.8 V (max)
H: Vrefout - 1 V (min)
OS
Digital
L: 0.8 V (max)
L: Active low
H: Active high
H: Vrefout - 1 V (min)
Overcurrent protection
signal input pin
Idc
Clock signal input pin
Xin
Operating range
Clock signal output pin
Xout
2 MHz to 8 MHz
(crystal oscillation)
Reference voltage signal
output pin
Analog
Gate block protected
at 0.5 V or higher
(released at carrier
cycle)
Vrefout
5 ± 0.5 V
(max 30 mA)
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IK6501
Reverse-rotation-detection
signal output pin
FG signal output pin
REV
Digital
Push-pull output:
± 1 mA (max)
FG
Digital
Push-pull output:
± 1 mA (max)
Turn-on signal output pin U
U
Analog
Turn-on signal output pin V
V
Turn-on signal output pin W
W
Push-pull output:
± 2 mA (max)
Turn-on signal output pin X
X
Turn-on signal output pin Y
Y
Turn-on signal output pin Z
Z
L: 0.78 V (max)
H: Vrefout - 0.78 V
(min)
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* (TA = 25ºС)
Symbol
VCC
Vin (1) (Note 1)
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
-
12
V
-0.3
VCC
V
-0.3
5.5
Turn-on signal output current
-
2
mA
Power Dissipation
-
0.9
W
Operating temperature
-30
+115
°C
Storage temperature
-50
+150
°C
Supply voltage
Input voltage
Vin (2) (Note 2)
IOUT
PD (Note 3)
Topr (Note 4)
Tstg
Note:
1) Vin (1) pin: Ve, LA
2) Vin (2) pin: HU, HV, HW, CW/CCW, RES, OS, Idc, Td
3) When mounted on PCB (universal 50 × 50 × 1.6 mm, Cu 30%)
4) Operating temperature range is determined by the PD - TA characteristic.
*Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent
damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device
at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the
specifications are not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (TA = 25ºС)
Symbol
VCC
Xin
Parameter
Supply voltage
Crystal oscillation frequency
Min
6
2
Typ
7
4
Max
10
8
Unit
V
MHz
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25ºC, VCC = 15V, unless otherwise specified.
Description
Supply
current
Input current
Input voltage
Input
hysteresis
voltage
Output
voltage
Symbol
ICC
Overcurrent
detection
Lead angle
correction
VCC monitor
Min
-
Iin (1)
Iin (2) -1
Iin (2) -2
Iin (2) -3
Vin High
Vin = 5V
Ve, LA
Vin = 0V
HU, HV, HW
-40
Vin = 0V
CW/CCW, OS, Td -80
Vin =5V
RES
Vrefout
HU, HV, HW, CW/CCW,
-1
RES, OS, Td,
Low
VH
HU, HV, HW, CW/CCW, RES
-
VOUT(H)-1
VOUT(L)-1
Output
leakage
current
Output offtime by
upper/lower
transistor
(Note 5)
Condition
Vrefout = open
IOUT = 2 mA
U, V, W, X, Y, Z
IOUT = -2 mA
U, V, W, X, Y, Z
Typ
3
Max
6
Unit
mA
20
-20
-40
40
40
80
µA
-
Vrefout
-
0.8
V
0,3
-
Vrefout Vrefout
-0.78
-
VREV(H)
IOUT = 1 mA
REV
VREV(L)
IOUT = -1 mA
REV
VFG(H)
IOUT = 1 mA
FG
-0.4
0.4
-
V
0.78
Vrefout Vrefout
-1.0
-
V
-0.5
0.5
-
Vrefout Vrefout
1.0
-
-0.5
0.5
5.0
0
1.0
5.5
10
VFG(L)
Vrefout
IL(H)
IOUT = -1 mA
FG
IOUT = -30 mA Vrefout
VOUT = 0V
U, V, W, X, Y, Z
-1.0
4.5
-
IL(L)
VOUT = 3.5V U, V, W, X, Y, Z
-
0
10
Td = High or open,
Xin = 4.19MHz, IOUT = ± 2 mA,
OS = High/Low
Td = Low, Xin = 4.19 MHz,
IOUT = ± 2 mA,
OS = High/Low
2.2
2.6
-
3.0
3.8
-
0.46
0.5
0.54
V
-
0
-
º
27.5
53.5
4.2
3.7
3.7
32
59
4.5
4.0
4.0
34.5
62.5
4.8
4.3
4.3
V
TOFF(H)
TOFF(L)
Vdc
TLA(0)
TLA(2,5)
TLA(5)
VCC(H)
VCC(L)
VH
Idc
LA = 0V or Open,
Hall IN = 100Hz
LA = 2.5 V, Hall IN = 100Hz
LA = 5 V, Hall IN = 100Hz
Output start operation point
No output operation point
Input hysteresis width
µA
µs
Note 5: TOFF
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FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
1. Basic operation.
The motor is driven by the square-wave turn-on signal based on a positional signal.
When the positional signal reaches number of rotations f = 5 Hz or higher, the rotor
position is assumed according to the positional signal and a modulation wave is generated.
The modulation wave and the triangular wave are compared then the sine-wave PWM
signal is generated and the motor is driven.
From start to 5 Hz: When driven by square wave (120° turn-on).
5 Hz ~: When driven by sine-wave PWM (180° turn-on).
Approximately 5 Hz @ fosc = 4MHz, f = fosc/(212 × 32 × 6).
2. Function to stabilize bootstrap voltage.
(1)
(2)
When voltage instruction is input at Ve ≤ 0.2 V:
Turns on the lower transistor at regular (carrier) cycle. (On duty is approx. 8%).
When voltage instruction is input at Ve > 0.2 V:
During sine-wave drive, outputs drive signal as it is.
During square-wave drive, forcibly turns on the lower transistor at regular (carrier)
cycle. (On duty is approx. 8%).
Note: At startup, to charge the upper transistor gate power supply, turn the lower
transistor on for a fixed time with Ve ≤ 0.2 V.
3. Dead time function: upper/lower transistor output off-time.
When driving the motor by sine-wave PWM, to prevent a short circuit caused by
simultaneously turning on upper and lower external power devices, digitally generates
dead time in the IC.
When a square wave is generated in full duty cycle mode, the dead time function is
turned on to prevent a short circuit.
Td Pin
High or Open
Low
Internal Counter
11/fosc
16/fosc
TOFF
2.6 µs
3.8 µs
TOFF values above are obtained when fosc = 4.19 MHz.
fosc = reference clock (crystal oscillation)
4. Correcting lead angle.
The lead angle can be corrected in the turn-on signal range from 0 to 58° in relation to
the induced voltage on analog input LA pin (0 V to 5 V divided by 32).
0 V = 0°
5 V = 58° (when more than 5 V is input, 58°)
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5. Setting carrier frequency.
Sets triangular wave cycle (carrier cycle) necessary for generating PWM signal.(The
triangular wave is used for forcibly turning on the lower transistor when driving the motor
by square wave.)
Carrier cycle = fosc/252 (Hz)
fosc = Reference clock (crystal oscillation)
6. Switching the output of turn-on signal.
Switches the output of turn-on signal between high and low.
Pin OS:
High = active high
Low = active low
7. Outputting reverse rotation detection signal.
Detects motor rotation direction every electrical degrees of 360°. (The output is high
immediately after reset).
REV terminal increases with a 180° turn-on mode at the time of low.
CW/CCW Pin
Low (CW)
High (CCW)
Actual Motor
Rotating Direction
CW (forward)
CCW (reverse)
CW (forward)
CCW (reverse)
REV Pin
Low
High
High
Low
8. Protecting input pin.
1.
2.
Overcurrent protection (Pin Idc).
When the DC-link-current exceeds the internal reference voltage, performs gate
block protection.
Overcurrent protection is released for each carrier frequency.
Reference voltage = 0.5 V (typ.)
Gate block protection (Pin RES).
When the input signal level is Low, turns off the output; when High, restarts the
output.
Detects abnormality externally and inputs the signal to the pin RES.
RES Pin
OS Pin
Output Turn-on Signal
(U, V, W, X, Y, Z)
Low
Low
High
High
Low
(When RES = Low, bootstrap capacitor charging stops.)
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3.
Internal protection

Positional signal abnormality protection
When the positional signal is HHH or LLL, turns off the output; otherwise, restarts the
output.

Low power supply voltage protection (VCC monitor)
When power supply is on/off, prevents damage caused by short-circuiting power device
by keeping the turn-on signal output at high impedance outside the operating
voltage range.
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OPERATION FLOW
Note: Output ON time is decreased by the dead time (carrier frequency × 92% - Td × 2)
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The modulation waveform is generated using Hall signals. Then, the modulation
waveform is compared with the triangular wave and a sine-wave PWM signal is generated.
The time (electrical degrees: 60°) from the rising (or falling) edges of the three Hall
signals to the next falling (or rising) edges are counted. The counted time is used as the
data for the next 60° phase of the modulation waveform.
There are 32 items of data for the 60° phase of the modulation waveform. The time
width of one data item is 1/32 of the time width of the 60° phase of the previous
modulation waveform. The modulation waveform moves forward by the width.
In the above diagram, the modulation waveform (1)’ data moves forward by the 1/32
time width of the time (1) from HU: ↑ to HW: ↓. Similarly, data (2)’ moves forward by the
1/32 time width of the time (2) from HW: ↓ to HV: ↑.
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If the next edge does not occur after the 32 data items end, the next 32 data items
move forward by the same time width until the next edge occurs.
The modulation wave is brought into phase with every zero-cross point of the Hall signal.
The modulation wave is reset in synchronization with the rising and falling edges of the
Hall signal at every 60° electrical degrees. Thus, when the Hall device is not placed at the
correct position or when accelerating/decelerating, the modulation waveform is not
continuous at every reset.
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TIMING CHARTS
Forward
Reverse
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OPERATION WAVEFORM When Driven by Square Wave (CW/CCW = Low, OS = High)
To stabilize the bootstrap voltage, the lower outputs (X, Y, and Z) are always turned on at
the carrier cycle even during off time. At that time, the upper outputs (U, V, and W) are
assigned dead time and. turned off at the timing when the lower outputs are turned on.
(Td varies with input Ve)
Carrier cycle = fosc/252 (Hz) Dead time: Td = 16/fosc (s) (In more than Ve = 4.6 V)
TONL = carrier cycle × 8% (s) (Uniformity)
When the motor is driven by a square wave, acceleration/deceleration is determined by
voltage Ve. The motor accelerates/decelerates according to the On duty of T ONU (see the
diagram of output On duty on page 13).
Note:
At startup, the motor is driven by a square wave when the Hall signals are
5 Hz or lower (fosc = 4 MHz) and the motor is rotating in the reverse direction as the
IK6501 controls it (REV = High).
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OPERATION WAVEFORM When Driven by Sine-Wave PWM
(CW/CCW = Low, OS = High)
When the motor is driven by a sine wave, the motor is accelerated/decelerated
according to the On duty of TONU when the amplitude of the modulation symbol changes by
voltage Ve (see the diagram of output On duty on page 13).
Triangular wave frequency = carrier frequency = fosc/252 (Hz)
Note: At startup, the motor is driven by a sine wave when the Hall signals are 5 Hz or
higher (fosc = 4 MHz) and the motor is rotating in the same direction as the IK6501 controls
it (REV = Low).
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Note 1: For preventing the IC from misoperation caused by noise for example connect to ground as required.
Note 2: Connect P-GND to signal ground on an application circuit.
Note 3: A short circuit between the outputs or between output and supply or ground may damage the device. Peripheral
parts may also be damaged by overvoltage and overcurrent. Design the output lines, V CC and GND lines so that short
circuits do not occur.
Also be careful not to insert the IC in the wrong direction because this could destroy the IC.
Example of Application Circuit
IK6501
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IK6501
PACKAGE INFORMATION
SSOP24-P-300-1.00
Unit: mm
Weight: 0.33 g (typ)
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