LINER LT5570 Fast responding, 40mhz to 2.7ghz mean-squared power detector Datasheet

LT5570
Fast Responding, 40MHz
to 2.7GHz Mean-Squared
Power Detector
DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
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Frequency Range: 40MHz to 2.7GHz
Accurate RMS Power Measurement of High Crest
Factor Modulated Waveforms
Linear DC Output vs Input Power in dBm
Linear Dynamic Range: Up to 60dB
Exceptional Accuracy over Temperature: ±0.3dB
Fast Response Time: 0.5μs Rise Time,
8μs Fall Time
Low Supply Current: 26.5mA
Low Impedance Output Buffer Capable of Driving
High Capacitance Load
Small 3mm × 3mm 10-Lead DFN Package
The LT®5570 is a 40MHz to 2.7GHz monolithic Logarithmic
Mean-Squared RF power detector. It is capable of RMS
measurement of an AC signal with wide dynamic range,
from –52dBm to 13dBm depending on frequency. The
power of the AC signal in an equivalent decibel-scaled
value is precisely converted into DC voltage on a linear
scale, independent of the crest factor of the waveforms. The
LT5570 is suitable for precision RF power measurement and
level control for a wide variety of RF standards, including
CDMA, W-CDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX.
The DC output is buffered with a low output impedance
amplifier capable of driving a high capacitance load.
APPLICATIONS
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, LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Protected by U.S. Patents including 7262661, 7259620, 7268608.
RMS Power Measurement
RF Power Control
Receive and Transmit Gain Control
W-CDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA, WiMAX
RF Instrumentation
TYPICAL APPLICATION
40MHz to 2.7GHz Mean-Squared Power Detector
Output Voltage, Linearity Error vs Input Power, 25°C (2140 MHz)
5V
1nF
22nF
2
1:4
NC
3
4
5
VCC
FLTR
IN+
DEC
IN–
GND
EN
LT5570
DNC
DNC
OUT
10
9
ENABLE
8
7
6
VOUT
3
2.0
2
1.6
1
1.2
0
0.8
–1
0.4
CW
4CH WCDMA
3CH CDMA2000
5570 TA01a
0
–45
–35
–15
5
–25
–5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
1
RF
INPUT
VOUT (V)
1MF
2.4
–2
–3
15
5570 TA01b
5570f
1
LT5570
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PIN CONFIGURATION
(Note 1)
TOP VIEW
Supply Voltage .........................................................5.5V
Enable Voltage .................................–0.3V to VCC + 0.3V
Input Signal Power (Differential) ..........................15dBm
TJMAX .................................................................... 125°C
Operating Temperature Range.................. –40°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 125°C
VCC
1
10 FLTR
IN+
2
9 EN
DEC
3
8 DNC
IN–
4
7 DNC
GND
5
6 OUT
DD PACKAGE
10-LEAD (3mm s 3mm) PLASTIC DFN
CAUTION: This part is sensitive to electrostatic discharge. It
is very important that proper ESD precautions be observed
when handling the LT5570.
TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 43°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 11) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
ORDER INFORMATION
LEAD FREE FINISH
TAPE AND REEL
PART MARKING
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
TEMPERATURE RANGE
LT5570IDD#PBF
LT5570IDD#TRPBF
LCJQ
10-Lead (3mm × 3mm) Plastic DFN
–40°C to 85°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5V, EN = 5V, unless otherwise noted. Test circuits are shown in
Figures 1 and 3. (Notes 2 and 3).
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
AC Input
l
Input Frequency Range (Note 4)
Input Impedance
40 to 2700
MHz
200/1
Ω/pF
–52 to 13
dBm
fRF = 500MHz
RF Input Power Range
CW Input; 1:4 Balun Matched into 50Ω Source
Linear Dynamic Range (Note 5)
±1dB Linearity Error, TA = –40°C to 85°C
62
dB
Output Slope
36.9
mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept
–54.8
dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature
Normalized to Output at 25°C
–40°C < TA < 85°C; PIN = –50dBm to 13dBm
±0.5
dB
Deviation from CW Response
11dB Peak to Average Ratio (3-Carrier CDMA2K)
12dB Peak to Average Ratio (4-Carrier WCDMA)
0.4
0.3
dB
dB
2nd Order Harmonic Distortion
At RF Input; CW Input; PIN = 10dBm
61
dBc
3rd Order Harmonic Distortion
At RF Input; CW Input; PIN = 10dBm
66
dBc
5570f
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LT5570
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5V, EN = 5V, unless otherwise noted. Test circuits are shown in
Figures 1 and 3. (Notes 2 and 3).
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
fRF = 880MHz
RF Input Power Range
CW Input; 1:4 Balun Matched into 50Ω Source
Linear Dynamic Range (Note 5)
±1dB Linearity Error, TA = –40°C to 85°C
–48 to 13
dBm
61
dB
Output Slope
37.7
mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept
–51.9
dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature
Normalized to Output at 25°C
–40°C < TA < 85°C; PIN = –47dBm to 13dBm
±0.4
dB
Deviation from CW Response
11dB Peak to Average Ratio (3-Carrier CDMA2K)
12dB Peak to Average Ratio (4-Carrier WCDMA)
0.3
0.2
dB
2nd Order Harmonic Distortion
At RF Input; CW Input; PIN = 10dBm
60
dBc
3rd Order Harmonic Distortion
At RF Input; CW Input; PIN = 10dBm
61
dBc
–38 to 13
dBm
fRF = 2140MHz
RF Input Power Range
CW Input; 1:4 Balun Matched into 50Ω Source
Linear Dynamic Range (Note 5)
±1dB Linearity Error, TA = –40°C to 85°C
47
51
dB
Output Slope
34.8
36.5
39.0
mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept
–43.6
–40.6
–37.6
dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature
Normalized to Output at 25°C
–40°C < TA < 85°C; PIN = –36dBm to 13dBm
±0.3
dB
Deviation from CW Response
11dB Peak to Average Ratio (3-Carrier CDMA2K)
12dB Peak to Average Ratio (4-Carrier WCDMA)
0.1
0.2
dB
dB
fRF = 2700MHz
RF Input Power Range
CW Input; 1:4 Balun Matched into 50Ω Source
Linear Dynamic Range (Note 5)
±1dB Linearity Error, TA = –40°C to 85°C
–35 to 13
48
dBm
dB
Output Slope
36.4
mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept
–38.5
dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature
Normalized to Output at 25°C
–40°C < TA < 85°C; PIN = –31dBm to 13dBm
±0.2
dB
Deviation from CW Response
11dB Peak to Average Ratio (3-Carrier CDMA2K)
12dB Peak to Average Ratio (4-Carrier WCDMA)
0.1
0.5
dB
No RF Signal Present
0.1
V
Output
Output DC Voltage
Output Impedance
100
Ω
Sourcing/Sinking
5/2.5
mA
Rise Time
0.2V to 1.6V, 10% to 90%, C1 = 22nF, fRF = 2140MHz
0.5
μS
Fall Time
1.6V to 0.2V, 90% to 10%, C1 = 22nF, fRF = 2140MHz
8
μS
5570f
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LT5570
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5V, EN = 5V, unless otherwise noted. Test circuits are shown in
Figures 1 and 3. (Notes 2 and 3).
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Enable (EN) Low = Off, High = On
l
EN Input High Voltage (On)
2
V
l
EN Input Low Voltage (Off)
1
l
V
68
μA
VOUT within 10% of Final Value, C1 = 22nF
1
μs
VOUT < 0.1V, C1 = 22nF
5
μs
Enable Pin Input Current
EN = 5V
Turn ON Time
Turn OFF Time
Power Supply
l
Supply Voltage
Supply Current
Shutdown Current
EN = 0V, VCC = 5V
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
Note 2: Specifications over the –40ºC to +85ºC temperature range are
assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process
controls.
4.75
5
5.25
V
26.5
32.5
mA
0.1
100
μA
Note 3: A 1:4 input transformer is used for the input matching to 50Ω
source.
Note 4: Operation over a wider frequency range is possible with reduced
performance. Consult the factory for information and assistance.
Note 5: The linearity error is calculated by the difference between the
incremental slope of the output and the average output slope from
–30dBm to 2dBm. The dynamic range is defined as the range over which
the linearity error is within ±1dB.
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LT5570
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(Test Circuits Shown in Figures 1 and 3)
Output Voltage vs Frequency
2.4
Linearity Error vs Frequency
3
TA = 25°C
2
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
2.0
1.6
VOUT (V)
TA = 25°C
1.2
0.8
500MHz
880MHz
2140MHz
2700MHz
0.4
0
–55 –45
–35 –25 –15 –5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
5
1
0
–1
500MHz
880MHz
2140MHz
2700MHz
–2
–3
–55 –45
15
–35 –25 –15 –5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
5
5570 G01
5570 G02
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
500MHz Modulated Waveforms
3
3
2.0
2
2
1.6
1
1.2
0
0.8
–1
0
–55 –45
TA = –40°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
–35 –25 –15 –5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
5
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
2.4
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
VOUT (V)
Output Voltage, Linearity Error vs
RF Input Power, 500MHz
0.4
TA = 25°C
1
0
–1
–2
–2
–3
–3
–55 –45
15
CW
4CH WCDMA
3CH CDMA2000
–35 –25 –15 –5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
5
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
880MHz Modulated Waveforms
3
3
2.0
2
2
1.6
1
1.2
0
0.8
–1
0
–55 –45
–35 –25 –15 –5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
5
15
5570 G05
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
2.4
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
VOUT (V)
Output Voltage, Linearity Error vs
RF Input Power, 880MHz
TA = –40°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
15
5570 G04
5570 G03
0.4
15
TA = 25°C
1
0
–1
–2
–2
–3
–3
–55 –45
CW
4CH WCDMA
3CH CDMA2000
–5
–35 –25 –15
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
5
15
5570 G06
5570f
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LT5570
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(Test Circuits Shown in Figures 1 and 3)
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
2140MHz Modulated Waveforms
3
3
2.0
2
2
1.6
1
1.2
0
0.8
–1
0.4
0
–45
TA = –40°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
–35
–15
5
–25
–5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
2.4
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
VOUT (V)
Output Voltage, Linearity Error vs
RF Input Power, 2140MHz
TA = 25°C
1
0
–1
–2
–2
–3
–3
–45
15
CW
4CH WCDMA
3CH CDMA2000
–35
–15
5
–25
–5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
5570 G08
5570 G07
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
2700MHz Modulated Waveforms
3
3
2.0
2
2
1.6
1
1.2
0
0.8
–1
0
–45
TA = –40°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
–35
–15
5
–25
–5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
2.4
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
VOUT (V)
Output Voltage, Linearity Error vs
RF Input Power, 2700MHz
0.4
TA = 25°C
1
0
–1
–2
–2
–3
–3
–45
15
CW
4CH WCDMA
3CH CDMA2000
–35
–15
5
–25
–5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
5570 G09
Logarithmic Intercept vs
Frequency
–35
LOGARITHMIC INTERCEPT (dBm)
TA = 25°C
SLOPE (mV/dB)
40
38
36
34
32
500
1000 1500 2000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
2500
3000
5570 G11
TA = 25°C
–40
–45
–50
–55
–60
0
15
5570 G10
Slope vs Frequency
42
15
0
500
1000 1500 2000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
2500
3000
5570 G12
5570f
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LT5570
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Output Transient Response,
C1 = 22nF
Output Transient Response,
C1 = 1μF
VOUT (V)
–2
PIN = 10dBm
PIN = 0dBm
–6
PIN = –10dBm
1.0
–10
PIN = –20dBm
0.5
PIN = –30dBm
0
0
5
2.0
RF PULSE ON
RF
PULSE
OFF
–2
PIN = 10dBm
PIN = 0dBm
–6
PIN = –10dBm
1.0
0.5
–18
0
–10
PIN = –20dBm
–14
PIN = –30dBm
–18
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
TIME (μs)
5570 G14
5570 G13
Slope Distribution vs
Temperature
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
30
25
20
15
10
30
25
20
15
10
4.50
0
35.4
36
36.6 37.2 37.8 38.4
SLOPE (mV/dB)
39
–44
5570 G15
TA = –40°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
RETURN LOSS (dB)
28
26
25
24
23
–55 –45
–38
0
–5
–5
–10
–15
–20
5
15
5570 G18
–10
–15
–20
–25
–30
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
5570 G19
5.50
Input Return Loss vs Frequency
Reference in Figure 1
0
–25
–35 –25 –15 –5
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
4.75
5.00
5.25
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5570 G17
Input Return Loss vs Frequency
Reference in Figure 3
TA = 25°C
27
–43 –42 –41 –40 –39
LOGARITHMIC INTERCEPT (dBm)
5570 G16
Supply Current vs RF Input Power
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
35
35
5
0
29
TA = –40oC
TA = 25oC
TA = 85oC
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
TA = –40oC
TA = 25oC
TA = 85oC
Supply Current vs Supply Voltage
40
RETURN LOSS (dB)
PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION (%)
40
Logarithmic Intercept Distribution
vs Temperature
PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION (%)
45
2
AT 2140MHz
1.5
–14
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
TIME (μs)
RF
PULSE
OFF
RF PULSE ENABLE (V)
AT 2140MHz
1.5
2.5
2
RF PULSE ENABLE (V)
2.0
RF PULSE ON
VOUT (V)
2.5
RF
PULSE
OFF
6
3.0
6
3.0
RF
PULSE
OFF
(Test Circuits Shown in Figures 1 and 3)
–30
500
880MHz
2140MHz
2700MHz
1000
1500
2000
2500
FREQUENCY (MHz)
3000
5570 G20
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LT5570
PIN FUNCTIONS
VCC (Pin 1): Power Supply Pin for the Bias Circuits. Typical current consumption is 26.5mA. This pin should be
externally bypassed with 1nF and 1μF chip capacitors.
IN+, IN– (Pins 2, 4): Differential Input Signal Pins. These
pins are preferably driven with a differential signal for
optimum performance. The pins are internally biased to
VCC – 1.224V and should be DC blocked externally. The
differential impedance is about 200Ω.
DEC (Pin 3): Input Common Mode Decoupling Pin. This
pin is internally biased to VCC – 1.224V. The input impedance is about 1.75KΩ in parallel with a 10pF internal
shunt capacitor to ground. The impedance between DEC
and IN+ (or IN–) is about 100Ω. The pin can be connected
to the center tap of an external balun. An ac-decoupling
capacitor may be connected to ground to maintain the IC
performance if necessary.
GND (Pin 5, Exposed Pad): Circuit Ground Return for
the Entire IC. This must be soldered to the printed circuit
board ground plane.
OUT (Pin 6): DC Output Pin. The output impedance is
mainly determined by an internal 100Ω series resistance
that provides output circuit protection if the output is
shorted to ground.
DNC (Pins 7, 8): Do Not Connect. Don’t connect any
external component at these pins. Avoid a long wire or
metal trace on the PCB.
EN (Pin 9): Enable Pin. An applied voltage above 2V will
activate the bias for the IC. For an applied voltage below
1V, the circuits will be shut down (disabled) with a corresponding reduction in power supply current. If the enable
function is not required, then this pin should be connected to VCC. Typical enable pin input current is 68μA for
EN = 5V. Note that at no time should the Enable pin voltage
be allowed to exceed VCC by more than 0.3V.
FLTR (Pin 10): Connection for an External Filtering Capacitor C1. A minimum 22nF capacitor is required for stable
ac average power measurement. This capacitor should be
connected between Pin 10 and VCC.
5570f
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LT5570
TEST CIRCUITS
C2
1nF
C1
22nF
RF
INPUT
J1
1
T1
L1
1:4
1
C7
5
3
2
2
3
4
4
C4
1nF
5
VCC
FLTR
IN+
EN
DEC
LT5570
IN–
GND
DNC
DNC
EXPOSED PAD
OUT
10
9
8
7
VALUE
SIZE
C2, C4
1nF
0402
AVX 0402ZC102KAT
C1
22nF
0402
AVX 0402YC223KAT
C3
1μF
0603
Taiyo Yuden LMK107BJ105MA
R1
100k
0402
CRCW0402100KFKED
FREQUENCY
ENABLE
R1
100k
NC
NC
6
OUT
C6
(OPT)
5570 F01
REF DES
5V
C3
1MF
PART NUMBER
T1
L1
L1 P/N
C7
880MHz
MURATA LDB21869M20C-001
8.2nH
TOKO LL1005-FH8N25
2.7pF
MURATA GRM1555C1H2R7DZ01
2140MHz
MURATA LDB212G1020-001
3.3nH
TOKO LL1005-FH3N35
0.5pF
MURATA GRM1555C1HR50CZ01
2700MHz
MURATA LDB212G4020-001
1.2nH
TOKO LL1005-FH1N25
1pF
MURATA GRM1555C1H1R0DZ01
Figure 1. Test Schematic for 880MHz, 2140MHz and 2700MHz Applications
Figure 2. Top Side of Evaluation Board for 880MHz, 2140MHz and 2700MHz Applications
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LT5570
TEST CIRCUITS
C1
22nF
RF
INPUT
J1
C7
1nF
T2
ETC4-1-2
L1
0
C9
0
4
C8
OPT
5
1:4
1
3
2
2
3
1
4
C4
1nF
5
VCC
FLTR
IN+
EN
DEC
LT5570
IN–
GND
DNC
DNC
EXPOSED PAD
OUT
5570 F03
REF DES
VALUE
SIZE
PART NUMBER
C2
1nF
5V
C3
1MF
10
9
8
7
ENABLE
R1
100k
NC
NC
6
OUT
C6
(OPT)
REF DES
VALUE
SIZE
0402
C2, C4, C7
1nF
0402
AVX 0402ZCI02KAT
R1
100k
C1
22nF
0402
AVX 0402YC223KAT
T2
1:4
C3
1μF
0603
Taiyo Yuden LMK107BJ105MA
C8
OPT
0402
C9, L1
0
0402
PART NUMBER
CRCW0402100KFKED
ETC4-1-2
CJ05-000M
Figure 3. Test Schematic for 40MHz to 860MHz Applications
Figure 4. Top Side of Evaluation Board for 40MHz to 860MHz Applications
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LT5570
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
The LT5570 is a mean-squared RF power detector, capable
of measuring an RF signal over the frequency range from
40MHz to 2.7GHz, independent of input waveforms with
different crest factors such as CW, CDMA, WCDMA, TDSCDMA and WiMAX signals. A wide dynamic range is
achieved with very stable output within the full temperature
range from –40˚C to 85˚C.
RF Inputs
The differential RF inputs are internally biased at
VCC – 1.224V. The differential impedance is about 200Ω.
These pins should be DC blocked when connected to
ground or other matching components. The impedance
vs. frequency of the differential RF input is detailed in the
following table.
Table 1. RF Differential Input Impedance
S11
FREQUENCY
(MHz)
DIFFERENTIAL INPUT
IMPEDANCE (Ω)
MAG
ANGLE (°)
40
204 –j 0.6
0.606
–0.1
100
204 –j 1.8
0.606
–0.3
200
204 –j 3.6
0.606
–0.5
400
203.5 –j 7.3
0.606
–1.1
600
202.8 –j 10.9
0.605
–1.6
800
201.8 –j 14.5
0.604
–2.1
1000
200.6 –j17.9
0.603
–2.7
1200
199.1 –j21.3
0.602
–3.2
1400
197.3 –j24.7
0.601
–3.8
1600
195.4 –j27.9
0.599
–4.4
1800
193.2 –j31.1
0.598
–5.0
2000
190.8 –j34.2
0.596
–5.6
2200
188.2 –j37.4
0.593
–6.2
2400
185.3 –j40.4
0.591
–6.9
2600
181.9 –j43.5
0.589
–7.6
2800
178.3 –j46.4
0.586
–8.4
3000
174.4 –j49.3
0.582
–9.2
The LT5570’s differential inputs are optimally driven from
a fully balanced source. When the signal is from a singleended 50Ω source, conversion to a differential signal is
required to achieve the maximum dynamic range. This
is best achieved using a 1:4 balun to match the internal
200Ω input impedance as shown in Figures 1 and 3. This
impedance transformation results in 6dB voltage gain. At
high frequency, additional LC elements may be needed
for input impedance matching due to the parasitics of the
transformer and PCB trace.
The approximate RF input power range of the LT5570 is
60dB at frequencies up to 900MHz, even with high crest
factor signals such as a 4-carrier W-CDMA waveform.
However the minimum detectable RF power level degrades
as the input RF frequency increases.
Due to the high RF input impedance of the LT5570, a
narrow band L-C matching network can be used for the
conversion of a single-ended to balanced signal as well.
By this means, the sensitivity and overall linear dynamic
range of the detector remain the same, without using an
RF balun.
The LT5570 can also be driven in a single-ended configuration. Figure 5 shows the simplified circuit of this
single-ended configuration. The DEC Pin is preferably accoupled to ground via a capacitor rather than left floating.
LT5570
IN+
1nF
1007
DEC
1nF
RF
INPUT
IN–
1007
1007
5570 F05
Figure 5. Single-Ended Input Configuration
5570f
11
LT5570
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
40
2.4
VOUT (V)
1.2
0.8
500MHz
880MHz
2140MHz
2700MHz
0.4
0.0
–50
–40
0
–30 –20 –10
INPUT POWER (dBm)
10
5570 F06
320
35
280
30
240
25
200
20
160
15
120
80
10
RESIDUAL RIPPLE
RISE TIME
FALL TIME
5
0
0
RISE AND FALL TIMES (μs)
1.6
RESIDUAL RIPPLE (mVRMS)
2.0
AT 2140MHZ, PIN = 10dBm
40
0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
EXTERNAL FILTERING CAPACITOR C1 (μF)
5570 F07
Figure 6. Output Voltage and Linearity Error vs
RF Input Power in Single-ended Input Configuration
Figure 7. Residual Ripple, Output Transient
Times vs. Filtering Capacitor C1
The DEC pin can be tied to the IN+ (or IN–) Pin directly
and ac-coupled to ground while the RF signal is applied
to the IN– (or IN+) Pin. By simply terminating the signal
side of the inputs with a 100Ω resistor to ground in front
of the ac-blocking capacitor and coupling the other side
to ground using a 1nF capacitor, a broadband 50Ω input
match can be achieved with typical input return loss better
than 12dB from 40MHz to 2.7GHz.
C1’s value has a dominant effect on the output transient
response. The lower the capacitance, the faster the output
rise and fall times as illustrated in Figure 7. For signals
with AM content such as W-CDMA, ripple can be observed
when the loop bandwidth set by C1 is close to the modulation bandwidth of the signal. A 4-carrier W-CDMA RF
signal is used as an example in this case. The trade-offs
of residual ripple vs. output transient time are also as
shown in Figure 7.
Since there is no voltage conversion gain from impedance transformation in this case, the sensitivity of the
detector is reduced by 6dB. The linear dynamic range is
reduced by the same amount correspondingly as shown
in Figure 6.
External Filtering (FLTR) Capacitor C1
This pin is internally biased at VCC – 0.13V via a 2k resistor
from voltage supply VCC. To assure stable operation of the
LT5570, an external capacitor C1 with a value of 22nF or
higher is required to connect the FLTR Pin to VCC. Don’t
connect this filtering capacitor to ground or any other
low voltage reference at any time to avoid an abnormal
start-up condition.
In general, the LT5570 output ripple remains relatively
constant regardless of the RF input power level for a fixed
C1 and modulation format of the RF signal. Typically, C1
must be selected to average out the ripple to achieve the
desired accuracy of RF power measurement. For a two-tone
RF signal with equal power applied to the LT5570 input,
Figure 8 shows the variation of the output dc voltage and
its RMS value of the residual ac voltage as a function of
the delta frequency. Both values are referred to dB by
normalizing them to the output slope (about 37mV/dB).
In this measurement, C1 = 22nF. Increasing C1 will shift
both curves toward a lower frequency.
5570f
12
LT5570
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
8
1
7
OUTPUT AC RIPPLE (dB)
DC VOLTAGE VARIATION
6
0
5
–1
4
3
OUTPUT AC RIPPLE
2
–2
1
0
0.01
0.1
1
AM MODULATION FREQUENCY (MHz)
10
DEVIATION OF DC OUTPUT VOLTAGE (dB)
C1 = 22nF
LT5570
VCC
50μA
1007
OUT
INPUT
RSS
VOUT
CLOAD
–3
5570 F08
Figure 8. Output DC Voltage Variation and
Residual Ripple vs AM Modulation Frequency
The high performance RF circuits inside the LT5570 enable
it to handle output ripple as high as 2dB without losing its
power detection accuracy. The ripple can be further reduced
for optimal transient time with an additional RC lowpass
filter at the output as discussed in the next section.
Output Interface
The output buffer amplifier of the LT5570 is shown in
Figure 9. This push-pull buffer amplifier can source 5mA
current to the load and sink 2.5mA current from the load.
The output impedance is determined primarily by the 100Ω
series resistor connected to the buffer amplifier. This will
prevent any over-stress on the internal devices in case the
output is shorted to ground.
The –3dB bandwidth of the buffer amplifier is about
2.4MHz and the full-scale rise/fall time can be as fast as
3566 F09
Figure 9. Simplified Circuit Schematic of the Output Interface
175ns. When the output is resistively terminated or open,
the fastest output transient response is achieved when a
large signal is applied to the RF input port. The total rise
time of the LT5570 is about 0.5μs and the total fall time
is 8μs, respectively, for full-scale pulsed RF input power.
The speed of the output transient response is dictated
mainly by the filtering capacitor C1 (at least 22nF) at the
FLTR pin. See the detailed output transient response in
the Typical Performance Characteristics section. When the
RF input has AM content, residual ripple may be present
at the output depending upon the low frequency content
of the modulated RF signal. For example, when 4-carrier
WCDMA is applied at the RF input, ±36mVRMS (about
±1dB) ripple is present at the output. This ripple can be
reduced with a larger filtering capacitor C1 at the expense
of a slower transient response.
5570f
13
LT5570
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
2.0
200
AT 2140MHZ, PIN = 10dBm
1.8
160
VOUT (V)
1.4
RF PULSE ON
RF
PULSE
OFF
120
80
1.2
40
1.0
0
0.8
–40
0.6
–80
WITH FILTERING
0.4
0
0
VCC
EN
100k
100k
–120
WITHOUT
FILTERING
0.2
RESIDUAL RIPPLE (mV)
RF
PULSE
OFF
1.6
–160
–200
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
TIMES (μs)
5570 F11
5570 F10
Figure 10. Residual ripple, Output Transient
Times with Output Low-pass Filter
Since the output amplifier of the LT5570 is capable of driving an arbitrary capacitive load, the residual ripple can be
filtered at the output with a series resistor RSS and a large
shunt capacitor CLOAD. See Figure 9. This lowpass filter
also reduces the output noise by limiting the output noise
bandwidth. When this RC network is designed properly,
a fast output transient response can be maintained with
reduced residual ripple. We can estimate CLOAD with an
output voltage swing of 1.8V at 2140MHz. In order that
the maximum 2.5mA sinking current not limit the fall time
(about 8μS), CLOAD can be chosen as follows.
CLOAD = 2.5mA • approximate additional time/1.8V
= 2.5mA • 0.25μs/1.8V = 347pF
Once CLOAD is determined, RSS can be chosen properly
to form a RC lowpass filter with a corner frequency of
2π/(RSS • CLOAD). Using 4-carrier W-CDMA as an example,
Figure 10 shows the residual ripple is reduced to half from
36mVRMS with RSS = 4.7k and CLOAD = 330pF, while the
fall time is slightly increased to 8.8μS.
Figure 11. Enable Pin Simplified Circuit
In general, the rise time of the LT5570 is much shorter
than the fall time. However, when the output RC filter is
used, the rise time is dominated by the time constant of
this filter. Accordingly, the rise time becomes very similar
to the fall time.
Enable Interface
A simplified schematic of the EN Pin interface is shown
in Figure 11. The enable voltage necessary to turn on the
LT5570 is 2V. To disable or turn off the chip, this voltage
should be below 1V. It is important that the voltage applied
to the EN pin should never exceed VCC by more than 0.3V.
Otherwise, the supply current may be sourced through
the upper ESD protection diode connected at the EN pin.
Under no circumstances should voltage be applied to the
EN Pin before the supply voltage is applied to the VCC pin.
If this occurs, damage to the IC may result.
5570f
14
LT5570
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
DD Package
10-Lead Plastic DFN (3mm × 3mm)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1699)
R = 0.115
TYP
6
0.38 p 0.10
10
0.675 p0.05
3.50 p0.05
1.65 p0.05
2.15 p0.05 (2 SIDES)
3.00 p0.10
(4 SIDES)
PACKAGE
OUTLINE
1.65 p 0.10
(2 SIDES)
PIN 1
TOP MARK
(SEE NOTE 6)
(DD) DFN 1103
5
0.200 REF
0.25 p 0.05
0.50
BSC
2.38 p0.05
(2 SIDES)
1
0.25 p 0.05
0.50 BSC
0.75 p0.05
0.00 – 0.05
2.38 p0.10
(2 SIDES)
BOTTOM VIEW—EXPOSED PAD
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS
NOTE:
1. DRAWING TO BE MADE A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE M0-229 VARIATION OF (WEED-2).
CHECK THE LTC WEBSITE DATA SHEET FOR CURRENT STATUS OF VARIATION ASSIGNMENT
2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE
3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE
5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED
6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE
TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE
5570f
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
15
LT5570
RELATED PARTS
PART NUMBER
Infrastructure
LT5514
DESCRIPTION
COMMENTS
Ultralow Distortion, IF Amplifier/ADC Driver
with Digitally Controlled Gain
1.5GHz to 2.5GHz Direct Conversion Quadrature
Demodulator
0.8GHz to 1.5GHz Direct Conversion Quadrature
Demodulator
40MHz to 900MHz Quadrature Demodulator
1.5GHz to 2.4GHz High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
850MHz Bandwidth, 47dBm OIP3 at 100MHz, 10.5dB to 33dB Gain Control Range
LT5519
0.7GHz to 1.4GHz High Linearity Upconverting
Mixer
17.1dBm IIP3 at 1GHz, Integrated RF Output Transformer with 50Ω Matching,
Single-Ended LO and RF Ports Operation
LT5520
1.3GHz to 2.3GHz High Linearity Upconverting
Mixer
LT5521
10MHz to 3700MHz High Linearity
Upconverting Mixer
600MHz to 2.7GHz High Signal Level
Downconverting Mixer
15.9dBm IIP3 at 1.9GHz, Integrated RF Output Transformer with 50Ω Matching,
Single-Ended LO and RF Ports Operation
24.2dBm IIP3 at 1.95GHz, NF = 12.5dB, 3.15V to 5.25V Supply, Single-Ended LO
Port Operation
LT5515
LT5516
LT5517
LT5518
LT5522
LT5524
LT5525
LT5526
LT5527
LT5528
LT5557
LT5560
LT5568
Low Power, Low Distortion ADC Driver with
Digitally Programmable Gain
High Linearity, Low Power Downconverting
Mixer
High Linearity, Low Power Downconverting
Mixer
400MHz to 3.7GHz High Signal Level
Downconverting Mixer
1.5GHz to 2.4GHz High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
400MHz to 3.8GHz, 3.3V High Signal Level
Downconverting Mixer
Ultra-Low Power Active Mixer
700MHz to 1050MHz High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
LT5572
1.5GHz to 2.5GHz High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
LT5575
800MHz to 2.7GHz High Linearity Direct
Conversion I/Q Demodulator
RF Power Detectors
LTC®5505
RF Power Detectors with >40dB Dynamic Range
LTC5507
100kHz to 1000MHz RF Power Detector
LTC5508
300MHz to 7GHz RF Power Detector
LTC5509
300MHz to 3GHz RF Power Detector
LTC5530
300MHz to 7GHz Precision RF Power Detector
LTC5531
300MHz to 7GHz Precision RF Power Detector
LTC5532
300MHz to 7GHz Precision RF Power Detector
LT5534
50MHz to 3GHz Log RF Power Detector with
60dB Dynamic Range
LTC5536
Precision 600MHz to 7GHz RF Power Detector
with Fast Comparator Output
LT5537
Wide Dynamic Range Log RF/IF Detector
20dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator
21.5dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator
21dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator
22.8dBm OIP3 at 2GHz, –158.2dBm/Hz Noise Floor, 50Ω Single-Ended RF and LO
Ports, 4-Channel W-CDMA ACPR = –64dBc at 2.14GHz
4.5V to 5.25V Supply, 25dBm IIP3 at 900MHz, NF = 12.5dB, 50Ω Single-Ended RF
and LO Ports
450MHz Bandwidth, 40dBm OIP3, 4.5dB to 27dB Gain Control
Single-Ended 50Ω RF and LO Ports, 17.6dBm IIP3 at 1900MHz, ICC = 28mA
3V to 5.3V Supply, 16.5dBm IIP3, 100kHz to 2GHz RF, NF = 11dB, ICC = 28mA,
–65dBm LO-RF Leakage
IIP3 = 23.5dBm and NF = 12.5dBm at 1900MHz, 4.5V to 5.25V Supply, ICC = 78mA,
Conversion Gain = 2dB
21.8dBm OIP3 at 2GHz, –159.3dBm/Hz Noise Floor, 50Ω, 0.5VDC Baseband
Interface, 4-Channel W-CDMA ACPR = –66dBc at 2.14GHz
IIP3 = 23.7dBm at 2600MHz, 23.5dBm at 3600MHz, ICC = 82mA at 3.3V
10mA Supply Current, 10dBm IIP3, 10dB NF, Usable as Up- or Down-Converter.
22.9dBm OIP3 at 850MHz, –160.3dBm/Hz Noise Floor, 50Ω, 0.5VDC Baseband
Interface, 3-Ch CDMA2000 ACPR = –71.4dBc at 850MHz
21.6dBm OIP3 at 2GHz, –158.6dBm/Hz Noise Floor, High-Ohmic 0.5VDC Baseband
Interface, 4-Ch W-CDMA ACPR = –67.7dBc at 2.14GHz
50Ω, Single-Ended RF and LO Inputs. 28dBm IIP3 at 900MHz, 13.2dBm P1dB,
0.04dB I/Q Gain Mismatch, 0.4° I/Q Phase Mismatch
300MHz to 3GHz, Temperature Compensated, 2.7V to 6V Supply
100kHz to 1GHz, Temperature Compensated, 2.7V to 6V Supply
44dB Dynamic Range, Temperature Compensated, SC70 Package
36dB Dynamic Range, Low Power Consumption, SC70 Package
Precision VOUT Offset Control, Shutdown, Adjustable Gain
Precision VOUT Offset Control, Shutdown, Adjustable Offset
Precision VOUT Offset Control, Adjustable Gain and Offset
±1dB Output Variation over Temperature, 38ns Response Time, Log Linear
Response
25ns Response Time, Comparator Reference Input, Latch Enable Input,
–26dBm to +12dBm Input Range
Low Frequency to 1GHz, 83dB Log Linear Dynamic Range
5570f
16 Linear Technology Corporation
LT 1107 • PRINTED IN USA
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
(408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507
●
www.linear.com
© LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2007