Gennum GS4915-INE3 Clockcleanerâ ¢ Datasheet

GS4915 ClockCleaner™
GS4915 Data Sheet
Key Features
Description
•
Reduces jitter for clocks of 148.5MHz,
148.5/1.001MHz, 74.25MHz, 74.25/1.001MHz and
27MHz
•
Output jitter as low as 20ps peak to peak
The GS4915 provides a low jitter clock output when fed
with an HD or SD video clock input. Other input clock
frequencies between 12MHz and 165MHz can be
automatically passed through to the GS4915 outputs.
•
Automatic bypass mode for all other clock rates
•
Loop bandwidth adjustable as low as 2kHz
•
Output skew control
•
Input selectable as differential or single-ended
•
Both single-ended and differential outputs
•
Uses the GO1555 VCO
•
Small 6mm x 6mm 40-pin QFN package
•
Pb-free and RoHS compliant
Applications
High definition video systems. Digital video recording,
playback, processing and display devices.
An internal 2:1 mux allows the user to select between a
differential or single-ended (LVCMOS) input clock. Both
a single-ended LVCMOS- compatible and an
LVDS-compatible differential output are provided.
The GS4915 may operate in either auto or fixed
frequency mode. In auto mode, the device will
automatically clean the selected input clock if its
frequency is found to be one of the supported SD or HD
clock rates. In fixed mode, the user selects only one of
these frequencies to be cleaned.
In addition, the device allows the user to select between
auto or manual bypass operation. In autobypass mode,
the GS4915 will automatically bypass its cleaning stage
and pass the input clock signal directly to the output
whenever the device is unlocked, which includes the
case where the input frequency is something other than
the five frequencies supported. In manual bypass
mode, the input signal passes through directly to the
output.
The GS4915 can optionally double the output frequency
for 74.25MHz or 74.175MHz HD clocks in order to
provide optimal jitter performance of some serializers.
The GS4915 also provides the user with a 2-state skew
control. The output clocks produced by the device may
be advanced by ¼ of an output CLK period in order to
accommodate downstream setup and hold
requirements.
The GS4915 is designed to operate with the GO1555
VCO.
The GS4915 Clock Cleaner complements Gennum's
GS4911B Clock and Timing Generator for
implementing a video genlock solution. Whereas the
GS4911B itself cleans low-frequency jitter, the GS4915
is designed to clean primarily the higher frequency jitter
of clocks generated by the GS4911B.
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www.gennum.com
GS4915 Data Sheet
VCO
VCO
CP_VDD
LF
CP_RES
VCO_VDD
REG_VDD
Functional Block Diagram
VCO
Receiver
2.5V Regulator
CLKIN
CLKIN
DIFF I/P
Buffer
0
Phase
Detector
1
CLKIN_SE
Charge
Pump
Divide
by N
S-E I/P
Buffer
Clock Cleaning PLL
Skew
Select
IPSEL
Frequency
Detection
clkout
0
clkin
1
S-E O/P
Buffer
CLKOUT_SE
DOUBLE
FCTRL[1:0]
AUTOBYPASS
BYPASS
SKEW_EN
RESET
CLKOUT
CLKOUT
bypass
Digital Control Block
LOCK
DIFF O/P
Buffer
GS4915 Functional Block Diagram
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GS4915 Data Sheet
Contents
Key Features .................................................................................................................1
Applications...................................................................................................................1
Description ....................................................................................................................1
Functional Block Diagram .............................................................................................2
1. Pin Out ......................................................................................................................4
1.1 Pin Assignment ...............................................................................................4
1.2 Pin Descriptions ..............................................................................................5
2. Electrical Characteristics ...........................................................................................8
2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................................8
2.2 DC Electrical Characteristics ..........................................................................8
2.3 AC Electrical Characteristics .........................................................................10
2.4 Solder Reflow Profiles ...................................................................................11
3. Detailed Description ................................................................................................12
3.1 Functional Overview .....................................................................................12
3.2 Clock Inputs ..................................................................................................12
3.2.1 Differential Clock Input.........................................................................13
3.2.2 Single-Ended Clock Input ....................................................................13
3.2.3 Input Clock Selection ...........................................................................13
3.2.4 Unused Clock Inputs............................................................................13
3.3 Clock Cleaning PLL ......................................................................................13
3.3.1 Phase Detector ....................................................................................14
3.3.2 Charge Pump.......................................................................................14
3.3.3 Loop Filter ............................................................................................14
3.3.4 External VCO.......................................................................................15
3.4 Modes of Operation ......................................................................................15
3.4.1 Frequency Modes ................................................................................15
3.4.2 Bypass Modes .....................................................................................17
3.5 Output Clock Frequency and Jitter ...............................................................18
3.6 Output Skew .................................................................................................20
3.7 Clock Outputs ...............................................................................................21
3.7.1 Differential Clock Output ......................................................................21
3.7.2 Single-Ended Clock Output .................................................................21
3.8 Device Reset .................................................................................................21
3.8.1 Hardware Reset ...................................................................................21
4. Typical Application Circuit .......................................................................................22
5. References & Relevant Standards ..........................................................................23
6. Package & Ordering Information .............................................................................24
6.1 Package Dimensions ....................................................................................24
6.2 Recommended PCB Footprint ......................................................................25
6.3 Packaging Data .............................................................................................25
6.4 Ordering Information .....................................................................................25
7. Revision History ......................................................................................................26
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GS4915 Data Sheet
1. Pin Out
AGND
VCO_ VDD
CP_ VDD
CP_ RES
LF
VCO_ GND
VCO
VCO
DIV_VDD
AGND
1.1 Pin Assignment
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
REG _VDD
1
30
AGND
AGND
2
29
CLKOUT
PD _VDD
3
28
CLKOUT
CLKIN
4
27
DIFF _OUT_ VDD
CLKIN
5
26
AGND
AGND
6
25
D _VDD
IN_VDD
7
24
CLKOUT_ SE
CLKIN_ SE
8
23
SE _ VDD
AGND
9
22
GND
21
LOCK
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
GND
BYPASS
AUTOBYPASS
D_ VDD
FCTRL0
F CTRL1
DOUBLE
SKEW _EN
GND
10
IPSEL
RESET
GS4915
40-pin QFN
(Top View )
Ground Pad
(Bottom of Package)
Figure 1-1: 40-Pin QFN
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GS4915 Data Sheet
1.2 Pin Descriptions
Table 1-1: Pin Descriptions
Pin
Number
1
2, 6, 9, 26,
30, 31, 40
3
4, 5
Name
Timing
Type
Description
REG_VDD
–
Power
Positive power supply connection for the internal voltage regulator.
Connect to filtered +3.3V DC.
AGND
–
Power
Ground connection for analog blocks and IO’s. Connect to clean analog
GND.
PD_VDD
–
Power
Positive power supply connection for the phase detector. Connect to
filtered +1.8V DC.
CLKIN, CLKIN
–
Input
CLOCK SIGNAL INPUTS
Signal levels are CML/LVDS compatible.
A differential clock input signal is applied to these pins.
7
IN_VDD
–
Power
Positive power supply connection for the single-ended and differential
input clock buffers. Supplies CLKIN_SE. Connect to filtered +1.8V DC.
8
CLKIN_SE
–
Input
CLOCK SIGNAL INPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
A single-ended video clock input signal is applied to this pin.
10
RESET
Non
synchronous
Input
CONTROL SIGNAL INPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS/LVTTL compatible.
See Section 3.8.1 for operation.
11
IPSEL
Non
synchronous
Input
CONTROL SIGNAL INPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
Selects which input clock is cleaned by the device.
See Section 3.2.3 for operation.
12, 20, 22
13
GND
–
Power
BYPASS
Non
synchronous
Input
Ground connection for digital blocks and IO’s. Connect to GND.
CONTROL SIGNAL INPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
See Manual Bypass Section 3.4.2.
14
AUTOBYPASS
Non
synchronous
Input
CONTROL SIGNAL INPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
Selects the bypass mode of the device.
See Manual Bypass Section 3.4.2.
15
17, 16
D_VDD
–
Power
Positive power supply connection for digital block. Connect to filtered
+1.8V DC. The digital block includes pins 10 - 21.
FCTRL1, FCTRL0
Non
synchronous
Input
CONTROL SIGNAL INPUTS
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
Selects the frequency mode of the device.
See Section 3.4.1 for operation.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
Table 1-1: Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin
Number
18
Name
Timing
Type
DOUBLE
Non
synchronous
Input
Description
CONTROL SIGNAL INPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
Controls the output frequency of the cleaned clock, for HD input clocks.
See Section 3.5 for operation.
19
SKEW_EN
Non
synchronous
Input
CONTROL SIGNAL INPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
Selects the phase of the output clock with respect to the selected input
clock.
See Section 3.6 for operation.
21
LOCK
Non
synchronous
Output
STATUS SIGNAL OUTPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
This pin will be HIGH when the output clock is locked to the selected input
clock.
It will be LOW otherwise.
23
SE_VDD
–
Power
Positive power supply connection for the single-ended clock driver.
Determines the output level of CLKOUT_SE. Connect to filtered +1.8V DC
or +3.3V DC.
NOTE: If the single-ended clock output is not used, this pin should be tied
to ground.
24
CLKOUT_SE
–
Output
CLOCK SIGNAL OUTPUT
Signal levels are LVCMOS compatible.
Single-ended video clock output signal.
See Section 3.7.2 for operation.
25
D_VDD
–
Power
Positive power supply connection for the single-ended output clock buffer.
Connect to filtered +1.8V DC.
NOTE: If the single-ended clock output is not used, this pin should be tied
to ground.
27
DIFF_OUT_VDD
–
Power
Positive power supply connection for the LVDS clock outputs. Connect to
filtered +1.8V DC.
NOTE: If the LVDS clock outputs are not used, this pin should be tied to
ground.
29, 28
CLKOUT,
CLKOUT
–
Output
CLOCK SIGNAL OUTPUT
Differential video clock output signal.
This is the lowest jitter output of the device.
See Section 3.7.1 for operation.
32
DIV_VDD
–
Power
Positive power supply connection for the divider block. Connect to filtered
+1.8V DC.
33,34
VCO, VCO
Analog
Input
Differential input for the external VCO reference signal. When using the
recommended VCO, leave VCO unconnected.
See Section 3.3.4 for operation.
35
VCO_GND
–
Power
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Ground reference for the external voltage controlled oscillator. Connect to
pins 2, 4, 6, and 8 of the GO1555.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
Table 1-1: Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin
Number
Name
Timing
Type
Description
36
LF
Analog
Output
Control voltage for the external voltage controlled oscillator. Connect to pin
5 of the GO1555 via a low pass filter. See Typical Application Circuit on
page 22.
37
CP_RES
Analog
Input
Charge pump current control.
Connect to VCO_GND via a 10kΩ resistor.
38
CP_VDD
–
Power
Power supply for the internal charge pump block (nominally +2.5V DC).
Connect to VCO_VDD (pin 39).
39
VCO_VDD
–
Power
Power supply for the external voltage controlled oscillator (+2.5V DC).
Connect to pin 7 of the GO1555. This pin is an output.
Must be isolated from all other power supplies.
–
Ground Pad
–
Power
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Ground pad on bottom of package must be soldered to AGND plane of
PCB.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
2. Electrical Characteristics
2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Value
Supply Voltage (SE_VDD, REG_VDD)
-0.3 to +4.0 VDC
Core Supply Voltage (all 1.8V supplies)
-0.3 to +2.2 VDC
Input ESD Voltage
1 kV HBM
Storage Temperature
-50ºC < TS < 125ºC
Operating Temperature
-20ºC < TA < 85ºC
NOTE: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may
occur. Functional operation under these conditions or at any other condition beyond those
indicated in the AC/DC Electrical Characteristic sections is not implied.
2.2 DC Electrical Characteristics
Table 2-1: DC Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 1.8V ±5%, 3.3V ±5%; TA = -20ºC to 85ºC, unless otherwise shown
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Notes
Operating Temperature Range
TA
–
-20
25
85
ºC
–
Power Consumption
(SE_VDD = 1.8V Nominal)
P1.8V
1.8V Rail
–
156
270
mW
–
3.3V Rail
–
58
87
mW
–
Power Consumption
(SE_VDD = 3.3V Nominal)
P3.3V
1.8V Rail
–
132
243
mW
–
3.3V Rail
–
133
156
mW
–
+1.8V Power Supply Voltage
–
–
1.71
1.8
1.89
V
–
+3.3V Power Supply Voltage
–
–
3.135
3.3
3.465
V
–
+2.5V Regulator Output Voltage
–
Output load of 3-12mA
2.375
2.5
2.625
V
–
Input Voltage, Logic LOW
VIL
–
–
0
0.35 x
IO_VDD
V
1,5
Input Voltage, Logic HIGH
VIH
–
0.65 x
IO_VDD
1.8
–
V
1,5
Output Voltage, Logic LOW
VOL
1.8V or 3.3V operation
–
0
0.4
V
2,3,5
Output Voltage, Logic HIGH
VOH
1.8V operation
0.65 x
IO_VDD
1.8
–
V
2,3,5
3.3V operation
0.65 x
IO_VDD
3.3
–
V
2,3,5
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GS4915 Data Sheet
Table 2-1: DC Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
VDD = 1.8V ±5%, 3.3V ±5%; TA = -20ºC to 85ºC, unless otherwise shown
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Notes
Clock Output Drive Current
–
1.8V operation
–
10
–
mA
2,3,4
3.3V operation
–
8
–
mA
2,3,4
Differential Input Common Mode
Voltage
VICM
–
1.12
1.25
1.38
V
–
Differential Input Swing
VIDIFF
–
240
350
460
mV
–
Differential Clock Output Common
Mode Voltage
VOCM
100Ω termination
between CLKOUT and
CLKOUT
–
1.45
–
V
–
Differential Clock Output Swing
VODIFF
100Ω termination
between CLKOUT and
CLKOUT
250
350
460
mV
6
NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
For all LVCMOS compatible inputs.
For LVCMOS compatible output SE_CLK.
For LVCMOS compatible output LOCK.
While still satisfying VOL max and VOH min.
IO_VDD refers to the power supply that supplies the particular pin in question. D_VDD supplies pins 10-21. IN_VDD supplies CLKIN_SE.
SE_VDD supplies CLKOUT_SE.
6. Differential swing as defined here:
CLKOUT
V OCM
V ODIFF
CLKOUT
+V ODIFF
0V
CLKOUT - CLKOUT
-V ODIFF
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GS4915 Data Sheet
2.3 AC Electrical Characteristics
Table 2-2: AC Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 1.8V ±5%, TA = 0ºC to 70ºC, unless otherwise shown
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Notes
Input Jitter Tolerance
IJT
< 0.5Hz
-10
–
10
UI
1
0.5Hz to 1Hz
-5
–
5
UI
1
1Hz to 100Hz
-1
–
1
UI
1
-0.1
–
0.1
UI
1
> 100Hz
Output Jitter
Differential Output
Output Jitter
Single-ended Output
Output Duty Cycle
–
100kHz to 10MHz
–
20
–
ps
–
–
Unfiltered
–
40
–
ps
–
–
100kHz to 10MHz
–
60
–
ps
–
–
Unfiltered
–
100
–
ps
–
–
Differential output
45
–
55
%
–
Single-ended output
40
–
60
%
–
Differential Clock Output Rise / Fall Time
–
100Ω diff. load
–
500
–
ps
–
Single-ended Clock Output Rise / Fall Time
–
10 pF load
–
1200
–
ps
–
Input Clock Frequency
–
–
12
–
165
MHz
–
Output Clock Frequency
–
–
12
–
165
MHz
–
Lock Detect Time
tLOCKD
Within 300ppm of
reference frequency
–
–
500
us
–
Unlock Detect Time
tUNLOCKD
Within 700ppm of
reference frequency
–
–
500
us
–
Lock Time
tLOCK
–
–
–
1
s
2
Device Latency
–
Differential in,
Differential out,
SKEW_EN = LOW
–
1.2
–
ns
–
Differential in,
Differential out,
SKEW_EN = HIGH
–
1.2 Tout/4
–
ns
–
Single ended in,
single ended out,
SKEW_EN = LOW
–
3.5
–
ns
–
Single ended in,
single ended out,
SKEW_EN = HIGH
–
3.5 Tout/4
–
ns
–
–
–
750
–
ps
3
Device Latency Difference
–
NOTES:
1. One UI refers to one cycle of the input CLK.
2. Assuming power up has already occured.
3. Difference between cleaning and bypass modes.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
2.4 Solder Reflow Profiles
The device is manufactured with Matte-Sn terminations and is compatible with both
standard eutectic and Pb-free solder reflow profiles. The recommended standard
eutectic reflow profile is shown in Figure 2-1. MSL qualification was performed
using the maximum Pb-free reflow profile shown in Figure 2-2.
60-150 sec.
Temperature
10-20 sec.
230˚C
220˚C
3˚C/sec max
183˚C
6˚C/sec max
150˚C
100˚C
25˚C
Time
120 sec. max
6 min. max
Figure 2-1: Standard Eutectic Solder Reflow Profile
Temperature
60-150 sec.
20-40 sec.
260˚C
250˚C
3˚C/sec max
217˚C
6˚C/sec max
200˚C
150˚C
25˚C
Time
60-180 sec. max
8 min. max
Figure 2-2: Maximum Pb-Free Solder Reflow Profile (Preferred)
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GS4915 Data Sheet
3. Detailed Description
3.1 Functional Overview
The GS4915 provides a low jitter clock output when fed with an HD or SD video
clock input. Other input clock frequencies between 12MHz and 165MHz can be
automatically passed through to the GS4915 outputs.
An internal 2:1 mux allows the user to select between a differential (CML/LVDS
compatible) or single-ended (LVCMOS) input clock. Both a single-ended
LVCMOS-compatible and an LVDS-compatible differential output are provided.
The GS4915 may operate in either auto or fixed frequency mode. In auto mode,
the device will automatically clean the selected input clock if its frequency is found
to be one of the supported SD or HD clock rates. In fixed mode, the user selects
only one of these frequencies to be cleaned.
In addition, the device allows the user to select between auto or manual bypass
operation. In autobypass mode, the GS4915 will automatically bypass its cleaning
stage and pass the input clock signal directly to the output whenever the device is
unlocked which includes the case where the input frequency is something other
than the five frequencies supported. In manual bypass mode, the input signal
passes through directly to the output.
The GS4915 can optionally double the output frequency for 74.25MHz or
74.175MHz HD clocks in order to provide optimal jitter performance of some
serializers.
The GS4915 also provides the user with a 2-state skew control. The output clocks
produced by the device may be advanced by ¼ of an output CLK period in order
to accommodate downstream setup and hold requirements.
The GS4915 is designed to operate with the GO1555 VCO.
The GS4915 Clock Cleaner complements Gennum's GS4911B Clock and Timing
Generator for implementing a video genlock solution. Whereas the GS4911B itself
cleans low-frequency jitter, the GS4915 is designed to clean primarily the higher
frequency jitter of clocks generated by the GS4911B.
3.2 Clock Inputs
The GS4915 contains two separate input buffers to accept either a differential or
single-ended input clock. The applied clock(s) can be any video clock needing
cleaning, although typically it will be the video clock specifically used for
serialization.
The frequency of the applied clock signal(s) must be between 12MHz and 165MHz.
The clock input buffers use a separate power supply of +1.8V DC supplied via the
IN_VDD pin.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
3.2.1 Differential Clock Input
A differential LVDS clock signal conforming to the TIA/EIA-644-A standard may be
AC-coupled to the CLKIN and CLKIN pins.
If the GS4911B/10B/01B/00B is used, the PCLK3 and PCLK3 outputs from that
device may be directly connected to the CLKIN and CLKIN inputs of the GS4915,
respectively.
The CLKIN and CLKIN input traces should be tightly-coupled with a controlled
differential impedance of 100Ω. The pair should be terminated with 100Ω at the
input to the device as no internal termination is provided.
This input clock is selected as the one to be cleaned by the GS4915 when the
IPSEL pin is set LOW.
The clock can be DC coupled if the levels are appropriate, but only AC coupling is
recommended. These inputs are both LVDS and CML compatible, and AC
coupling is only required in cases where the common mode does not line up.
3.2.2 Single-Ended Clock Input
A single-ended clock signal at from 1.8V - 3.3V CMOS levels may be DC-coupled
to the CLKIN_SE pin.
If the GS4911B/10B/01B/00B is used, the PCLK1 or PCLK2 output from that
device may be directly connected to the CLKIN_SE input of the GS4915.
3.2.3 Input Clock Selection
An internal 2x1 input multiplexer is provided to allow switching between the
differential and single-ended clock inputs using one external pin. When IPSEL is
set LOW, the differential clock at the CLKIN/CLKIN pins is selected as the one to
be processed by the device. When IPSEL is set HIGH, the single-ended clock at
the CLKIN_SE pin is selected as the one to be processed.
3.2.4 Unused Clock Inputs
If the application will only provide a differential clock input, then the CLKIN_SE
input pin should be connected to AGND.
If only a single-ended clock will be provided, then the CLKIN/CLKIN pins should be
left unconnected.
3.3 Clock Cleaning PLL
To obtain a low-jitter output clock signal, the GS4915 uses a clock cleaning
phase-locked loop. This block will always attempt to lock an external 1.485GHz
VCO signal to the selected input clock. Internal dividers, set by the digital control
block based on the frequency mode of the device (see Section 3.4.1), are used to
obtain the final output clock of 27MHz (divide by 55), 74.25MHz/74.175MHz (divide
by 20), or 148.5MHz/148.35MHz (divide by 10).
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GS4915 Data Sheet
3.3.1 Phase Detector
The GS4915's phase detector can identify phase misalignment between the
selected input clock and the reference clock provided by the external VCO, and
correspondingly signal the charge pump to alter the VCO control voltage.
3.3.2 Charge Pump
The charge pump block of the PLL is powered externally by +2.5V DC applied to
CP_VDD. This is provided by the GS4915 itself at the VCO_VDD pin. An external
RC filter at the CP_VDD pin is recommended to reduce supply noise for best jitter
performance. Please refer to the Typical Application Circuit on page 22.
An external resistance connected to the CP_RES pin is used to set the charge
pump reference current of the device. Typically, the CP_RES pin will be connected
through 10kΩ to VCO_GND.
3.3.3 Loop Filter
The GS4915 PLL loop filter is an external first order filter formed by a series RC
connection as shown in Table 3-1: Loop Filter Component Values. The loop filter
resistor value sets the bandwidth of the PLL and the capacitor value controls its
stability and lock time. A loop filter resistor value between 1 Ω and 20 Ω and a loop
filter capacitor value between 1µF and 33µF are recommended.
The GS4915 uses a non-linear, bang-bang, PLL, therefore its bandwidth scales
linearly with the input jitter amplitude - greater input jitter results in a smaller loop
bandwidth causing more of the input jitter to be rejected. For a given input jitter
amplitude, a smaller loop filter resistor produces a narrower loop bandwidth. With
an input jitter amplitude of 300ps, for example, the PLL bandwidth can be adjusted
from 2KHz to 40KHz by varying the loop filter resistor, as shown in the table below.
For use with GS4911, a narrow loop bandwidth is recommended.
Increasing the loop filter capacitor value increases the stability of the PLL, but
results in a longer lock time. For loop filter resistors smaller than 7Ω, a capacitor
value of 33µF is recommended, while larger resistor values can accommodate
smaller capacitors. Sample combinations of the loop filter resistor and capacitor
values are shown in the table below, along with the resulting loop bandwidth.
Additional loop bandwidths can be achieved by using different loop filter resistor
values.
Table 3-1: Loop Filter Component Values
Loop Filter
R
Typical Loop
Bandwidth*
Recommended
Loop Filter C
1Ω
2kHz
33μF
7Ω
8kHz
10μF
20Ω
40kHz
1μF
Comments
Narrow bandwidth - provides maximum jitter reduction. Long lock-time.
Wide bandwidth. Fast lock-time.
Note:
1. *Measured with 300ps pk-pk input jitter on CLK.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
3.3.4 External VCO
The GS4915 uses the external GO1555 Voltage Controlled Oscillator as part of its
phase-locked loop. This external VCO implementation was chosen to ensure
superior jitter performance of the device.
Power for the external VCO is generated entirely by the GS4915 from an on-chip
voltage regulator. The internal regulator uses +3.3V DC supplied at the REG_VDD
pin to provide +2.5V at the VCO_VDD pin.
Based on the control voltage output by the GS4915 on the LF pin, the GO1555
produces a 1.485GHz reference signal for the PLL. This signal must be run via a
50Ω controlled-impedance trace to the VCO pin of the GS4915. The VCO receiver
block of the device will then convert this single-ended signal into the differential
1.485GHz reference signal used by the clock cleaning PLL.
Both the reference and controls signals should be referenced to the supplied
VCO_GND, as shown in the recommended application circuit of the Typical
Application Circuit on page 22.
3.4 Modes of Operation
The GS4915 may operate in one of two possible frequency modes, and in one of
three possible bypass modes. The combination of the frequency mode and bypass
mode will determine the frequency and jitter of the output clock.
3.4.1 Frequency Modes
The frequency mode of the device is determined entirely by the setting of the
external FCTRL[1:0] pins.
Table 3-2: GS4915 Frequency Modes
FCTRL[1:0]
Frequency Mode
00
Auto
01
Fixed – 27MHz ± 0.4%
10
Fixed – 74.25MHz ± 0.4%
11
Fixed – 148.5MHz ± 0.4%
In both Auto and Fixed Frequency modes, the GS4915 will measure the selected
input clock frequency to determine if it is in any of the following ranges: 27MHz ±
0.4%, 74.25MHz ± 0.4%, or 148.5MHz ± 0.4% (these ranges include the
74.25MHz/1.001 and 148.5MHz/1.001 video clock frequencies).
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GS4915 Data Sheet
Auto Frequency Mode
When FCTRL[1:0] = 00, the device will operate in Auto Frequency mode. In this
mode, the GS4915 will automatically clean the selected input clock if its frequency
is found to be contained in any of the ranges listed above.
The LOCK output pin will be HIGH whenever the device has successfully locked
its cleaning PLL to the selected input clock. In Auto Frequency mode, LOCK will be
HIGH if the input clock frequency is 27MHz ± 0.4%, 74.25MHz ± 0.4%, or
148.5MHz ± 0.4%.
If the input clock varies by more than ± 6.4%, the LOCK output pin will be LOW.
Between 0.4% and 6.4%, the device may lock or bypass, as shown in Figure 3-1.
Frequencies in this range should not be applied to the device.
+6.4%
+0.4%
-0.4%
-6.4%
Locked
Undefined
Unlocked
Figure 3-1: Locked, Undefined and Unlocked regions
Fixed Frequency Mode
When FCTRL[1:0] ≠ 00, the device will operate in Fixed Frequency mode. In this
mode, the device will only clean the selected input clock if its frequency is found to
be in the range defined by the particular setting of the FCTRL[1:0] pins.
For example, if FCTRL[1:0] = 01, the GS4915 will only clean the input clock if its
frequency is 27MHz ± 0.4%; if FCTRL[1:0] = 10, the GS4915 will only clean the
input clock if its frequency is 74.25MHz ± 0.4%; and if FCTRL[1:0] = 11, the
GS4915 will only clean the input clock if its frequency is 148.5MHz ± 0.4%.
In Fixed Frequency mode, the LOCK output pin will be set HIGH after the device
has locked its cleaning PLL to the selected input clock, and only if the input clock
frequency matches the frequency selected by the setting of the FCTRL[1:0] pins.
Otherwise, LOCK will be LOW.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
3.4.2 Bypass Modes
The bypass mode of the device is determined by the setting of the external
AUTOBYPASS and BYPASS pins.
Table 3-3: GS4915 Bypass Modes
AUTOBYPASS
BYPASS
Bypass Mode
0
X
Autobypass Mode
1
0
Forced Output Mode
1
1
Manual Bypass Mode
NOTE: 'X' indicates a "don't care" condition.
Autobypass Mode
When AUTOBYPASS is LOW, the device will operate in Autobypass mode. In this
mode, the GS4915 will bypass its cleaning stage and pass the selected input clock
signal directly to the output whenever LOCK is LOW.
Manual Bypass Mode
When AUTOBYPASS and BYPASS are both HIGH, the GS4915 will operate in
Manual Bypass Mode. In this mode, the GS4915 will bypass its cleaning stage and
pass the selected input clock signal directly to the output.
NOTE: If operating in Manual Bypass mode, the LOCK output pin should be
ignored. Depending on the set frequency mode of the device and the detected
frequency of the selected input clock, the cleaning PLL of the device may achieve
lock and so may set the LOCK pin HIGH; however, the output clock will always be
a copy of the input clock, and NOT the cleaned clock.
Forced Output Mode
If AUTOBYPASS is HIGH and BYPASS is set LOW, the device will operate in
Forced Output mode. In this mode, the cleaning stage of the device is never
bypassed, and so the output clock will always be the clock output by the device's
PLL, even in an unlocked condition.
When LOCK is HIGH, the output clock will be low-jitter and locked to the selected
input clock. But when LOCK is LOW in Forced Output mode, the output clock
should not be used.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
3.5 Output Clock Frequency and Jitter
The frequency and jitter of the output clock are determined by:
•
the frequency of the input clock,
•
the differential or single-ended input and output clocks,
•
the selected frequency mode,
•
the selected bypass mode, and
•
the setting of the DOUBLE pin.
When the DOUBLE pin is set HIGH, the output clock frequency will be double the
input only when the selected input clock frequency is determined to be 74.25MHz
± 0.4%. Otherwise, the setting of the DOUBLE pin will have no effect on the
frequency of the output clock.
The output clock will be low jitter when the LOCK pin is HIGH. The only exception
to this is if operating in Manual Bypass mode, see Section 3.4.2.Table 3-4,
Table 3-5, and Table 3-6 summarize the output frequency and LOCK behaviour of
the device given the frequency of the input clock, the selected frequency mode,
and the setting of the DOUBLE pin for Autobypass, Manual Bypass, and Forced
Output modes, respectively. In each table, 'X' indicates a "don't care" condition.
Table 3-4: Output Behaviour in Autobypass Mode
FCTRL[1:0]
Input
DOUBLE
LOCK
Output
Auto [00]
27MHz
X
HIGH
27MHz
74.25MHz
0
HIGH
74.25MHz
1
HIGH
148.5MHz
148.5MHz
X
HIGH
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
Input
27MHz
X
HIGH
27MHz
74.25MHz
X
LOW
74.25MHz
148.5MHz
X
LOW
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
Input
27MHz
X
LOW
27MHz
74.25MHz
0
HIGH
74.25MHz
1
HIGH
148.5MHz
148.5MHz
X
LOW
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
Input
27MHz
X
LOW
27MHz
74.25MHz
X
LOW
74.25MHz
148.5MHz
X
HIGH
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
Input
Fixed – 27MHz
[01]
Fixed –
74.25MHz [10]
Fixed –
148.5MHz [11]
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GS4915 Data Sheet
Table 3-5: Output Behaviour in Manual Bypass Mode
FCTRL[1:0]
Input
DOUBLE
LOCK
Output
Auto [00]
27MHz
X
HIGH*
27MHz
74.25MHz
X
HIGH*
74.25MHz
148.5MHz
X
HIGH*
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
Input
27MHz
X
HIGH*
27MHz
74.25MHz
X
LOW
74.25MHz
148.5MHz
X
LOW
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
Input
27MHz
0
LOW
27MHz
74.25MHz
0
HIGH*
74.25MHz
148.5MHz
0
LOW
148.5MHz
Other
0
LOW
Input
27MHz
X
LOW
27MHz
74.25MHz
X
LOW
74.25MHz
148.5MHz
X
HIGH*
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
Input
Fixed – 27MHz
[01]
Fixed –
74.25MHz [10]
Fixed –
148.5MHz [11]
*NOTE: Although LOCK = HIGH under these conditions, the output clock will be a copy of the
selected input clock and will have the jitter of the input clock.
Table 3-6: Output Behaviour in Forced Output Mode
FCTRL[1:0]
Input
DOUBLE
LOCK
Output
Auto [00]
27MHz
X
HIGH
27MHz
74.25MHz
0
HIGH
74.25MHz
1
HIGH
148.5MHz
148.5MHz
X
HIGH
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
Last locked*
27MHz
X
HIGH
27MHz
74.25MHz
X
LOW
27MHz
148.5MHz
X
LOW
27MHz
Other
X
LOW
27MHz
Fixed – 27MHz
[01]
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GS4915 Data Sheet
Table 3-6: Output Behaviour in Forced Output Mode (Continued)
FCTRL[1:0]
Input
DOUBLE
LOCK
Output
Fixed –
74.25MHz [10]
27MHz
0
LOW
74.25MHz
1
LOW
148.5MHz
0
HIGH
74.25MHz
1
HIGH
148.5MHz
0
LOW
74.25MHz
1
LOW
148.5MHz
0
LOW
74.25MHz
1
LOW
148.5MHz
27MHz
X
LOW
148.5MHz
74.25MHz
X
LOW
148.5MHz
148.5MHz
X
HIGH
148.5MHz
Other
X
LOW
148.5MHz
74.25MHz
148.5MHz
Other
Fixed –
148.5MHz [11]
*NOTE: The output clock will remain within ± 5% of the last locked frequency if an input frequency
other than 27MHz, 74.25MHz, or 148.5MHz is applied to the selected clock input. If operating
under these conditions upon power-up, the output frequency will be 74.25MHz ± 5%.
3.6 Output Skew
The GS4915 provides the user with the option of advancing the phase of the output
clock from that of the input clock. This feature is controlled by the external
SKEW_EN pin.
When SKEW_EN is set LOW, the output clock will be delayed from the selected
input clock only by the latency of the device. By setting SKEW_EN = HIGH, the
user can advance the output clock from the selected input clock by one quarter of
an output period, minus the latency of the device. Please see Figure 3-2.
Input Clock
Output Clock
Device Latency
1/4 CLK Period - Device Latency
SKEW_EN = LOW
SKEW_EN = HIGH
Figure 3-2: Output skew behaviour of GS4915
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GS4915 Data Sheet
3.7 Clock Outputs
The GS4915 presents both differential and single-ended clock outputs. When the
LOCK output signal is HIGH, these clock outputs will be low-jitter and locked to the
selected input clock.
NOTE: If in Manual Bypass mode, the LOCK pin may be HIGH although the output
clock will always be a copy of the input clock, and NOT the cleaned clock.
The frequency of the differential and single-ended clock outputs will be identical
and will be determined as described in Section 3.5.
3.7.1 Differential Clock Output
A CML-based driver is used to provide the differential clock output at the CLKOUT
and CLKOUT pins. Although this driver will output a signal amplitude that is
compatible to the TIA/EIA-644 LVDS standard, it has an incompatible common
mode level. Therefore, AC-coupling and external biasing resistors are required if
interfacing the differential clock outputs from the GS4915 to a true LVDS receiver.
The common mode is, however, compatible with the LVDS inputs on most FPGAs
and can be DC coupled.
This is the lowest-jitter output of the GS4915.
The differential clock output driver uses a separate power supply of +1.8V DC
supplied via the DIFF_OUT_VDD pin.
3.7.2 Single-Ended Clock Output
The single-ended output clock is present at the CLKOUT_SE pin. The signal will
operate at either 1.8V or 3.3V CMOS levels, as determined by the voltage applied
to the D_VDD pin.
The single-ended clock output pre-drive uses a separate power supply of +1.8V
DC supplied via the SE_VDD pin.
3.8 Device Reset
3.8.1 Hardware Reset
In order to reset the GS4915 to their defaults conditions, the RESET pin must be
held LOW for a minimum of treset = 0.5ms.
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GS4915 Data Sheet
4. Typical Application Circuit
1.8V_D
3.3V
3.3V
AGND
1.8V_D
C14
0.1u
C15
0.1u
3.3V
C16
0.1u
C17
0.1u
C18
0.1u
AGND
AGND
AGND
DGND2
AGND
DGND2
Pin 3
Pin 32
Pin 7
Pin 25
Pin 27
Pin 15
C11
0.1u
7
VCO_VDD
AGND
DGND2
1.8V_A
C13
0.1u
AGND
AGND
Pin 1
Pin 23
*Refer to Table 3-1 in
Section 3.3.3 for R & C
Loop Filter component
values.
R16
150K
C12
0.1u
6
5
8
C1
10n
C28
10u
C22
10u
C19
10u
VCO_VDD
GND
1.8V_D
VCC
O/P
GND GO1555 GND
VCTR
R1*
R15
150K
NC
GND
1.8V_A
U1
1
2
3
GO1525
4
1.8V_A
C2*
VCO_GND
VCO_GND
VCO_GND
VCO_VDD
Controlled impedance 50-ohms
C10 0.1u
1u
VCO_GND
VCO_GND
31
AGND
DIV_VDD
32
33
VCO
35
34
VCO
VCO_GND
37
36
LF
SE_VDD
GND
RESET
LOCK
BYPASS
13
IPSEL
GND
12
11
29
28
27
PCLK
Zo = 100 ohms differential
PCLK
I.8V_D
26
25
1.8V_D
24
23
PCLK_SE
3.3V
22
21
LOCK
GND
AGND
GND_PAD
AGND
CP_RES
39
CLKOUT_SE
CLKIN_SE
SKEW_EN
9
10
IN_VDD
30
20
8
PCLKIN_SE
D_VDD
DOUBLE
7
AGND
GS4915
AGND
19
1.8V_D
CLKIN
18
6
DIFF_OUT_VDD
FCTRL1
5
PCLKIN
CLKIN
FCTRL0
R6
100R
CLKOUT
CLKOUT
17
Zo = 100 ohms differential
AGND
PD_VDD
16
4
AGND
AGND
D_VDD
3
15
1.8V_A
PCLKIN
REG_VDD
AUTOBYPASS
2
CP_VDD
AGND
1
14
3.3V
38
U2
AGND
1.8V_A
R5
10K
VCO_VDD
40
C6 10n
RESET
R8
0R
DGND2
BY PASS
MAN/AUTOb
1.8V_D
IPSEL
DGND2
VCO_GND
AGND
CTRL0
CTRL1
DOUBLE
SKEW_EN
Figure 4-1: GS4915 Typical Application Circuit
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GS4915 Data Sheet
5. References & Relevant Standards
Table 5-1: References & Relevant Standards
EIA/JEDEC JESD8-B
Interface standard for 3V/3.3V Supply Digital Integrated
Circuits
EIA/JEDEC JESD8-7
Interface standard for 1.8-V Supply Digital Integrated Circuits
TIA/EIA-644-A
Electrical Characteristics of Low Voltage Differential Signaling
(LVDS) Interface Circuits
SMPTE 240M-1999
1125-Line High Definition Production Systems - Signal
Parameters
SMPTE 259M-1997
10-bit 4:2:2 Component and 4fsc Composite Digital Signals Serial Digital Interface
SMPTE 274M-1998
1920 x 1080 Scanning and Analog and Parallel Digital
Interfaces for Multiple Picture Rates
SMPTE 292M-1998
Bit-Serial Digital Interface for High-Definition Television
Systems
SMPTE 294M-1997
720 x 483 Active Line at 59.94-Hz Progressive Scan
Production - Bit-Serial Interfaces
SMPTE 295M-1997
1920 x 1080 50 Hz - Scanning and Interfaces
SMPTE 296M-1997
1280 x 720 Scanning, Analog and Digital Representation and
Analog Interface
SMPTE RP 184-2004
Specification of Jitter in Bit-Serial Digital Systems
SMPTE RP 211-2000
Implementation of 24P, 25P and 30P Segmented Frames for
1920 x 1080 Production Format
ITU-R BT.656
Interface for Digital Component Video Signals in 525-Line and
625-Line Television Systems
ITU-R BT.709-4
Parameter Values for the HDTV Standards for Production and
International Program Exchange
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GS4915 Data Sheet
6. Package & Ordering Information
4.45±0.05
A
6.00
0.50±0.05
6.1 Package Dimensions
DATUM A
PIN 1
MARKING
AREA
0.30@45°
CHAMFER
6.00
DETAIL B
45º±1º
4.45±0.05
0.50
B
DATUM B
2X
0.15 C
2X
0.31±0.05
Top View
0.15 C
0.23±0.05
Bottom View
40X
0.10 M
0.05
0.10 C
M
C A B
C
C
0.20 REF
0.90±0.10
0.08 C
SEATING PLANE
0.02 +0.03
- 0.03
40X
DATUM A OR B
0.50/2
TERMINAL TIP
0.50
DETAIL B
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GS4915 Data Sheet
6.2 Recommended PCB Footprint
0.25
0.50
0.65
5.60
CENTER PAD
4.45
4.45
5.60
NOTE: All dimensions
are in millimeters.
NOTE: Suggested dimensions only. Final dimensions should conform to customer
design rules 1 and process optimizations.
6.3 Packaging Data
Parameter
Value
Package Type
6mm x 6mm 40-pin QFN
Moisture Sensitivity Level
3
Junction to Case Thermal Resistance, θj-c
19.9°C/W
Junction to Air Thermal Resistance, θj-a (at zero airflow)
34.9°C/W
Junction to Board Thermal Resistance, θj-b
12.5°C/W
Psi, ψ
0.5°C/W
Pb-free and RoHS Compliant
Yes
6.4 Ordering Information
Part Number
Package
Temperature Range
GS4915−INE3
Pb-free 40-pin QFN
-20°C to 85°C
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GS4915 Data Sheet
7. Revision History
Version
ECR
PCN
Date
Changes and/or Modifications
0
142746
–
November 2006
Converting to Preliminary Data Sheet.
Removed ‘Proprietary and Confidential’
footer. Modified Table 1-1: Pin
Descriptions. Updated DC Electrical
Characteristics and AC Electrical
Characteristics table. Modified Typical
Application Circuit. Added junction - board
thermal resistance parameter to section
6.3 Packaging Data.
1
144087
43245
February 2007
Corrected pin 38 (CP_VDD) connection
on Typical Application Circuit.
2
145306
–
August 2007
Defined IO_VDD see Note 5 in 2.2 DC
Electrical Characteristics and added
chamfer dimensions in 6.2 Recommended
PCB Footprint. Added pin descriptions for
D-VDD, IN_VDD and SEto 1.2 Pin
Descriptions. Changed Loop Bandwidth to
2kHz in Key Features. Added section
3.3.3 Loop Filter and Table 3-1: Loop
Filter Component Values. Changed some
pin descriptions. Updated power
consumption values in Table 2-1: DC
Electrical Characteristics.
3
146729
–
November 2007
Converted document to Data Sheet.
Updated Power Consumption values in
Table 2-1: DC Electrical Characteristics.
CAUTION
ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVE DEVICES
DO NOT OPEN PACKAGES OR HANDLE
EXCEPT AT A STATIC-FREE WORKSTATION
DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION
DATA SHEET
The product is in production. Gennum reserves the right to make
changes to the product at any time without notice to improve reliability,
function or design, in order to provide the best product possible.
GENNUM CORPORATION
Mailing Address: P.O. Box 489, Stn. A, Burlington, Ontario, Canada L7R 3Y3
Shipping Address: 970 Fraser Drive, Burlington, Ontario, Canada L7L 5P5
Tel. +1 (905) 632-2996 Fax. +1 (905) 632-5946
GENNUM JAPAN CORPORATION
Shinjuku Green Tower Building 27F, 6-14-1, Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan
Tel. +81 (03) 3349-5501, Fax. +81 (03) 3349-5505
GENNUM UK LIMITED
25 Long Garden Walk, Farnham, Surrey, England GU9 7HX
Tel. +44 (0)1252 747 000 Fax +44 (0)1252 726 523
Gennum Corporation assumes no liability for any errors or omissions in this document, or for the use of the
circuits or devices described herein. The sale of the circuit or device described herein does not imply any
patent license, and Gennum makes no representation that the circuit or device is free from patent infringement.
GENNUM and the G logo are registered trademarks of Gennum Corporation.
© Copyright 2006 Gennum Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in Canada.
www.gennum.com
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