FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit tm Features General Description 1.8 to 5.5V Input Voltage Range The FPF2163, FPF2164, and FPF2165 is a series of load switches which provides full protection to systems and loads which may encounter large current conditions. These devices contain a 0.12Ω current-limited P-channel MOSFET which can operate over an input voltage range of 1.8-5.5V. Internally, current is prevented from flowing when the MOSFET is off and the output voltage is higher than the input voltage. Switch control is by a logic input (ON) capable of interfacing directly with low voltage control signals. Each part contains thermal shutdown protection which shuts off the switch to prevent damage to the part when a continuous over-current condition causes excessive heating. Controlled Turn-On 0.15-1.5A Adjustable Current Limit Undervoltage Lockout Thermal Shutdown <2µA Shutdown Current Auto Restart Fast Current limit Response Time 5µs to Moderate Over Currents 30ns to Hard Shorts Fault Blanking When the switch current reaches the current limit, the parts operate in a constant-current mode to prohibit excessive currents from causing damage. For the FPF2163 and FPF2164, if the constant current condition still persists after 30ms, these parts will shut off the switch and pull the fault signal pin (FLAGB) low. The FPF2163 has an auto-restart feature which will turn the switch on again after 450ms if the ON pin is still active. The FPF2164 does not have this auto-restart feature so the switch will remain off until the ON pin is cycled. The FPF2165 will not turn off after a current limit fault, but will rather remain in the constant current mode indefinitely. The minimum current limit is 150mA. Reverse Current Blocking RoHS Compliant Applications PDAs Cell Phones GPS Devices MP3 Players Digital Cameras Peripheral Ports These parts are available in a space-saving 6 pin 2X2 MLP package. Hot Swap Supplies Pin 1 BOTTOM TOP Ordering Information Part Current Limit [mA] Current Limit Blanking Time [ms] Auto-Restart Time [ms] ON Pin Activity Top Mark FPF2163 150-1500 15/30/60 225/450/900 Active HI 163 FPF2164 150-1500 15/30/60 NA Active HI 164 FPF2165 150-1500 0 NA Active HI 165 ©2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 1 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit October 2008 FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Application Circuit TO LOAD VIN VOUT FPF2163/4/5 FLAGB OFF ON ON ISET GND Functional Block Diagram VIN UVLO REVERSE CURRENT BLOCKING CONTROL LOGIC ON CURRENT LIMIT VOUT ISET THERMAL SHUTDOWN FLAGB GND FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 2 www.fairchildsemi.com ON 6 GND 5 FLAGB 4 7 1 ISET 2 VIN 3 VOUT 2X2 MicroFET-6 Pin Description Pin Name 1 ISET 2 VIN 3 VOUT 4 FLAGB 5, 7 GND 6 ON Function Current Limit Set Input: A resistor from ISET to ground sets the current limit for the switch. Supply Input: Input to the power switch and the supply voltage For the IC Switch Output: Output of the power switch Fault Output: Active LO, open drain output which indicates an over current supply under voltage or over temperature state. Ground ON Control Input Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Min VIN, VOUT, ON, FLAGB, ISET to GND -0.3 Max Power Dissipation Operating and Storage Junction Temperature -65 Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient Electrostatic Discharge Protection Unit 6 V 1.2 W 150 °C 86 °C/W Jedec A114A HBM 4000 V Jedec C101C CDM 2000 V Jedec A115 MM IEC 61000-4-2 400 V Air Discharge 15000 V Contact Discharge 8000 V Recommended Operating Range Parameter Min Max Unit VIN 1.8 5.5 V Ambient Operating Temperature, TA -40 85 °C Electrical Characteristics VIN = 1.8 to 5.5V, TA = -40 to +85°C unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VIN = 3.3V and TA = 25°C. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Basic Operation Operating Voltage VIN Quiescent Current IQ FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 1.8 IOUT = 0mA 3 5.5 VIN = 1.8V 63 VIN = 3.3V 68 VIN = 5.5V 77 V 100 µA 120 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Pin Configuration VIN = 1.8 to 5.5V, TA = -40 to +85°C unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VIN = 3.3V and TA = 25°C. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min VIN = 3.3V, IOUT = 200mA, TA = 25°C On-Resistance RON ON Input Logic High Voltage (ON) VIH ON Input Logic Low Voltage VIL VIN = 3.3V, IOUT = 200mA, TA = 85°C Typ Max 120 160 135 VIN = 3.3V, IOUT = 200mA, TA = -40°C to +85°C 65 VIN = 1.8V 0.8 VIN = 5.5V 1.4 180 Units mΩ 180 V VIN = 1.8V 0.5 VIN = 5.5V 1 V ON Input Leakage VON = VIN or GND -1 1 µA VIN Shutdown Current VON = 0V, VIN = 5.5V, VOUT = short to GND -2 2 µA FLAGB Output Logic Low Voltage VIN = 5V, ISINK = 10mA 0.05 0.2 VIN = 1.8V, ISINK = 10mA 0.12 0.3 VIN = 5V, Switch on FLAGB Output High Leakage Current V 1 µA 2 µA 1000 mA Reverse Block VON = 0V, VOUT = 5.5V, VIN = short to GND VOUT Shutdown Current -2 Protections Current Limit Min. Current Limit ILIM ILIM(min.) Thermal Shutdown VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 3.0V, RSET = 345Ω 600 VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 3.0V 150 Shutdown Threshold 140 Return from Shutdown 130 Hysteresis Under Voltage Shutdown UVLO 800 mA °C 10 VIN Increasing 1.55 Under Voltage Shutdown Hysteresis 1.65 1.75 V 50 mV Dynamic Delay On Time tdON RL = 500Ω, CL = 0.1µF 25 µs Delay Off Time tdOFF RL = 500Ω, CL = 0.1µF 45 µs VOUT Rise Time tRISE RL = 500Ω, CL = 0.1µF 10 µs tFALL RL = 500Ω, CL = 0.1µF VOUT Fall Time 110 µs Over Current Blanking Time tBLANK FPF2163, FPF2164 15 30 60 ms Auto-Restart Time tRSTRT FPF2163 225 450 900 ms Short Circuit Response Time VIN = VOUT = 3.3V. Moderate Over-Current Condition. 5 µs VIN = VOUT = 3.3V. Hard Short. 30 ns Note 1: Package power dissipation on 1square inch pad, 2 oz copper board. FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 4 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Electrical Characteristics Cont. 100 78 SUPPLY CURRENT (uA) SUPPLY CURRENT (uA) 95 76 74 72 70 68 90 85 80 VIN = 5.5V 75 VIN = 3.3V 70 VIN = 1.8V 65 60 55 66 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 50 6 -40 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 35 60 85 Figure 2. Quiescent Current vs. Temperature 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.3 VON LOW VOLTAGE (V) VON HIGH VOLTAGE (V) 10 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 1. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5 5.5 1.5 6 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 4. VON Low Voltage vs. Input Voltage Figure 3. VON High Voltage vs. Input Voltage 200 240 190 220 180 170 200 160 180 RON (mOhms) RON (mOhms) -15 150 140 130 120 110 VIN= 1.8V 160 140 VIN= 3.3V 120 100 100 VIN= 5.5V 80 90 80 1 2 3 4 5 60 -40 6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE(V) Figure 5. RON vs. VIN FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I -15 10 35 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 85 Figure 6. RON vs. Temperature 5 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Characteristics 900 900 VIN = 5.5V RSET = 345 Ohms 880 860 700 CURRENT LIMIT (mA) OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 800 600 500 400 300 200 100 840 820 800 780 760 740 720 700 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 -65 6 -40 -15 VIN - VOUT (V) 10 35 60 85 110 135 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 7. Current Limit vs. Output Voltage Figure 8. Current Limit vs. Temperature 1000 100 VIN = 3.3 V RL = 500 Ohms RISE / FALL TIME (uS) DELAY ON/OFF TIME (uS) VIN = 3.3 V RL = 500 Ohms COUT = 0.1uF tdOFF tdON 10 -40 -15 10 35 60 TF 100 1 -40 85 TR 10 -15 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 9. tdON / tdOFF vs. Temperature 10 35 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 85 Figure 10. TRISE / TFALL vs. Temperature 33 500 495 32.5 RESTART TIME (mS) BLANK TIME (mS) 490 32 31.5 31 30.5 485 480 475 470 465 460 30 455 450 29.5 -40 -15 10 35 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 -40 85 10 35 60 85 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 11. TBLANK vs. Temperature FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I -15 Figure 12. TRESTART vs. Temperature 6 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Characteristics VDRV2 2V/DIV VDRV2 2V/DIV TBLANK VFLAGB 2V/DIV IOUT 500mA/DIV IOUT 500mA/DIV CIN = 10µF COUT = 0.1µF RL = 500Ω RSET = 392Ω VIN = 3.3V VOUT 2V/DIV TRESTART VFLAGB 2V/DIV CIN = 10µF COUT = 0.1µF RL = 500Ω RSET = 392Ω VIN = 3.3V VOUT 2V/DIV 20ms/DIV 100ms/DIV Figure 13. TBLANK Response Figure 14. TRESTART Response VIN 2V/DIV VON 2V/DIV VON 2V/DIV CIN = 10µF COUT = 0.1µF VIN = 3.3V RL = 500Ω IOUT 10mA/DIV CIN = 10µF COUT = 0.1µF VIN = 3.3V RL = 500Ω IOUT 10mA/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV 100µs/DIV 500ns/DIV Figure 15. tdON Response VIN 2V/DIV Figure 16. tdOFF Response VIN = VON 2V/DIV CIN = 10µF RSET = 392Ω IOUT 5A/DIV CIN = 10µF VIN = VON = 3.3V VOUT = GND IOUT 500mA/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV 20µs/DIV 20µs/DIV Figure 17. Short Circuit Response Time (Output shorted to GND) FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I Figure 18. Current Limit Response Time (Switch is powered into a short) 7 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Characteristics VIN 2V/DIV VIN 2V/DIV CIN = 10µF COUT = 0.1µF RSET = 392Ω VIN = 3.3V VON 2V/DIV CIN = 10µF COUT = 10µF RSET = 392Ω VIN = 3.3V VON 2V/DIV IOUT 500mA/DIV IOUT 500mA/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV VOUT 2V/DIV 50µs/DIV 50µs/DIV Figure 20. Current Limit Response Time (Output is loaded by 2.2Ω, COUT = 10µF) Figure 19. Current Limit Response Time (Output is loaded by 2.2Ω, COUT = 0.1µF) Note 2: VDRV signal forces the device to go into overcurrent condition by loading. FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 8 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Characteristics switch is loaded with a heavy load. When the output voltage drops below VSCTH, short circuit detection threshold voltage, the current limit value re-conditioned and short circuit current limit value is decreased to 62.5% of the current limit value. This keeps the power dissipation of the part below a certain limit even at dead short conditions at 5.5V input voltage. The VSCTH value is set to be 1V. At around 1.1V of output voltage the switch is removed from short circuit current limiting mode and the current limit is set to the current limit value. The FPF2163, FPF2164, and FPF2165 are current limited switches that protect systems and loads which can be damaged or disrupted by the application of high currents. The core of each device is a 0.12Ω P-channel MOSFET and a controller capable of functioning over a wide input operating range of 1.85.5V. The controller protects against system malfunctions through current limiting, undervoltage lockout and thermal shutdown. The current limit is adjustable from 150mA to 1.5A through the selection of an external resistor. Undervoltage Lockout The undervoltage lockout turns-off the switch if the input voltage drops below the undervoltage lockout threshold. With the ON pin active the input voltage rising above the undervoltage lockout threshold will cause a controlled turn-on of the switch which limits current over-shoots. On/Off Control The ON pin controls the state of the switch. When ON is high, the switch is in the on state. Activating ON continuously holds the switch in the on state so long as there is no fault. For all versions, an undervoltage on VIN or a junction temperature in excess of 140°C overrides the ON control to turn off the switch. In addition, excessive currents will cause the switch to turn off in the FPF2163 and FPF2164. The FPF2163 has an Auto-Restart feature which will automatically turn the switch on again after 450ms. For the FPF2164, the ON pin must be toggled to turn-on the switch again. The FPF2165 does not turn off in response to an over current condition but instead remains operating in a constant current mode so long as ON is active and the thermal shutdown or undervoltage lockout have not activated. Reverse Current Blocking The entire FPF2163/65 family has a Reverse Current Blocking feature that protects input source against current flow from output to input. For a standard USB power design, this is an important feature which protects the USB host from being damaged due to reverse current flow on VBUS. The reverse current blocking feature is active when the load switch is turned off. The ON pin control voltage and VIN pin have independent recommended operating ranges. The ON pin voltage can be driven by a voltage level higher than the input voltage. If ON pin is LO and output voltage become greater than input voltage, no current can flow from the output to the input . The FLAGB operation is independent of the Reverse Current blocking feature and will not report a fault condition if this feature is activated. Fault Reporting Upon the detection of an over-current, an input undervoltage, or an over-temperature condition, the FLAGB signals the fault mode by activating LO. For the FPF2163 and FPF2164, the FLAGB goes LO at the end of the blanking time while FLAGB goes LO immediately for the FPF2165. FLAGB remains LO through the Auto-Restart Time for the FPF2165. For the FPF2164, FLAGB is latched LO and ON must be toggled to release it. With the FPF2165, FLAGB is LO during the faults and immediately returns HI at the end of the fault condition. FLAGB is an open-drain MOSFET which requires a pull-up resistor between VIN and FLAGB. During shutdown, the pull-down on FLAGB is disabled to reduce current draw from the supply. Thermal Shutdown The thermal shutdown protects the die from internally or externally generated excessive temperatures. During an over-temperature condition the FLAGB is activated and the switch is turned-off. The switch automatically turns-on again if temperature of the die drops below the threshold temperature. Timing Diagram 90% VON Current Limiting The current limit ensures that the current through the switch doesn't exceed a maximum value while not limiting at less than a minimum value. The current at which the parts will limit is adjustable through the selection of an external resistor connected to ISET. Information for selecting the resistor is found in the Application Info section. The FPF2163 and FPF2164 have a blanking time of 30ms, nominally, during which the switch will act as a constant current source. At the end of the blanking time, the switch will be turned-off. The FPF2165 has no current limit blanking period so it will remain in a constant current state until the ON pin is deactivated or the thermal shutdown turns-off the switch. 90% 90% VOUT 10% 10% tdON tR tON where: tdON tR tON tdOFF tF tOFF For preventing the switch from large power dissipation during heavy load a short circuit detection feature is introduced. Short circuit condition is detected by observing the output voltage. The switch is put into short circuit current limiting mode if the FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 10% 9 = = = = = = tdOFF tF tOFF Delay On Time VOUT Rise Time Turn On Time Delay Off Time VOUT Fall Time Turn Off Time www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Description of Operation Typical Application VIN LOAD VOUT FPF2163/4/5 FLAGB Battery 1.8V-5.5V OFF ON ON R2 = 499Ω ISET C2 = 0.1µF GND C1 = 4.7µF RSET Setting Current Limit Input Capacitor The FPF2163, FPF2164, and FPF2165 have a current limit which is set with an external resistor connected between ISET and GND. This resistor is selected by using the following equation, To limit the voltage drop on the input supply caused by transient in-rush currents when the switch is turned on into a discharged load capacitor or a short-circuit, a capacitor needs to be placed between VIN and GND. A 4.7µF ceramic capacitor, CIN, must be placed close to the VIN pin. A higher value of CIN can be used to further reduce the voltage drop experienced as the switch is turned on into a large capacitive load. RSET = 275.6 ILIM (1) RSET is in Ohms and that of ILIM is Amps Output Capacitor The table below can also be used to select RSET. A typical application would be the 500mA current that is required by a single USB port. Using the table below an appropriate selection for the RSET resistor would be 394Ω. This will ensure that the port load could draw 525mA, but not more than 875mA. Likewise for a dual port system, an RSET of 185Ω would always deliver at least 1125mA and never more than 1875mA A 0.1uF capacitor COUT, should be placed between VOUT and GND. This capacitor will prevent parasitic board inductances from forcing VOUT below GND when the switch turns-off. For the FPF2163 and FPF2164, the total output capacitance needs to be kept below a maximum value, COUT(max), to prevent the part from registering an over-current condition and turning-off the switch. The maximum output capacitance can be determined from the following formula, Current Limit Various RSET Values RSET [Ω] Min. Current Limit [mA] Typ. Current Limit [mA] Max. Current Limit [mA] 185 1125 1500 1875 220 938 1250 1562 275 750 1000 1250 306 675 900 1125 345 600 800 1000 394 525 700 875 460 450 600 750 550 375 500 625 610 338 450 563 690 300 400 500 790 263 350 438 920 225 300 375 1100 188 250 313 1380 150 200 250 1830 113 150 188 FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I COUT(max) = ILIM(max) x tBLANK(min) VIN (2) Power Dissipation During normal operation as a switch, the power dissipated in the part will depend upon the level at which the current limit is set. The maximum allowed setting for the current limit is 1.5A and this will result in a power dissipation of, P = (ILIM)2 x RDS = (1.5)2 x 0.12 = 270mW (3) If the part goes into current limit the maximum power dissipation will occur when the output is shorted to ground. For the FPF2163, the power dissipation will scale by the Auto-Restart Time, tRSTRT, and the Over Current Blanking Time, tBLANK, so that the maximum power dissipated is, tBLANK P(max) = x VIN(max) x ILIM(max) tBLANK + tRSTRT = 10 30 x 5.5 x 1.5 = 515.6mW 30 + 450 (4) www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Application Information FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit This is more power than the package can dissipate, but the thermal shutdown of the part will activate to protect the part from damage due to excessive heating. When using the FPF2164, attention must be given to the manual resetting of the part. The junction temperature will only be able to increase to the thermal shutdown threshold. Once this temperature has been reached, toggling ON will not turn-on the switch until the junction temperature drops. For the FPF2165, a short on the output will cause the part to operate in a constant current state dissipating a worst case power of, (5) P(max) = VIN(max) x ILIM(max) = 5.5 x 1.5 = 8.25W This large amount of power will activate the thermal shutdown and the part will cycle in and out of thermal shutdown so long as the ON pin is active and the short is present. Board Layout For best performance, all traces should be as short as possible. To be most effective, the input and output capacitors should be placed close to the device to minimize the effects that parasitic trace inductances may have on normal and short-circuit operation. Using wide traces for VIN, VOUT and GND will help minimize parasitic electrical effects along with minimizing the case to ambient thermal impedance. The middle pad (pin 7) should be connected to the GND plate of PCB for improving thermal performance of the load switch. An improper layout could result higher junction temperature and triggering the thermal shutdown protection feature. This concern applies when the switch is set at higher current limit value and an overcurrent condition occurs. In this case power dissipation of the switch (PD = (VIN - VOUT) x ILIM(max)) could exceed the maximum absolute power dissipation of 1.2W. FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 11 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Dimensional Outline and Pad Layout FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 12 www.fairchildsemi.com The following includes registered and unregistered trademarks and service marks, owned by Fairchild Semiconductor and/or its global subsidianries, and is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all such trademarks. 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Obsolete Not In Production Datasheet contains specifications on a product that is discontinued by Fairchild Semiconductor. The datasheet is for reference information only. Rev. I37 FPF2163/4/5 Rev. I 13 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2163/4/5 Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit TRADEMARKS