R EM MICROELECTRONIC - MARIN SA EM4100 Read Only Contactless Identification Device Description Features The EM4100 (previously named H4100) is a CMOS integrated circuit for use in electronic Read Only RF Transponders. The circuit is powered by an external coil placed in an electromagnetic field, and gets its master clock from the same field via one of the coil terminals. By turning on and off the modulation current, the chip will send back the 64 bits of information contained in a factor y preprogrammed memory array. The programming of the chip is performed by laser fusing of polysilicon links in order to store a unique code on each chip. The EM4100 has several metal options which are used to define the code type and data rate. Data rates of 64, 32 and 16 periods of carrier frequency per data bit are available. Data can be coded as Manchester, Biphase or PSK. Due to low power consumption of the logic core, no supply buffer capacitor is required. Only an external coil is needed to obtain the chip function. A parallel resonance capacitor of 74 pF is also integrated. □ □ □ □ □ □ □ Typical Operating Configuration Pin Assignment □ □ □ 64 bit memory array laser programmable Several options of data rate and coding available On chip resonance capacitor On chip supply buffer capacitor On chip voltage limiter Full wave rectifier on chip Large modulation depth due to a low impedance modulation device Operating frequency 100 - 150 kHz Very small chip size convenient for implantation Very low power consumption Applications □ □ □ □ Logistics automation Anticounterfeiting Access control Industrial transponder Coil1 VSS EM4100 EM4100 Coil2 COIL2 L: typical 21.9mH for fo = 125kHz COIL1 COIL2 Fig. 1 Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA VDD COIL1 Coil terminal / Clock input Coil terminal Fig. 2 1 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM4100 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Maximum DC Current forced on COIL1 & COIL2 Operating Conditions Symbol ICOIL Conditions ±30mA Parameter Operating Temp. Symbol Top Min. -40 VDD -0.3 to 7.5V Maximum Coil Current ICOIL Power Supply Storage Temp. Die form Storage Temp. PCB form Tstore Tstore -55 to +200°C -55 to +125°C AC Voltage on Coil Vcoil 3 Supply Frequency fcoil 100 Electrostatic discharge maximum to MIL-STD-883C method 3015 VESD 1000V Typ. Max. Units °C +85 10 mA Vpp 14* 150 kHz *) The AC Voltage on Coil is limited by the on chip voltage limitation circuitry. This is according to the parameter Icoil in the absolute maximum ratings. Stresses above these listed maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure beyond specified operating conditions max affect device reliability or cause malfunction. Handling Procedures This device has built-in protection against high static voltages or electric fields; however due to the unique properties of this device, anti-static precautions should be taken as for any other CMOS component. System Principle Transponder Tranceiver Coil1 Antenna Driver Oscillator EM4100 Coil2 Filter and Gain Data decoder Demodulator Data received from transponder Signal on coils Transponder coil Transeiver coil RF Carrier Data Fig. 3 Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 2 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM4100 Electrical Characteristics VDD = 1.5V, VSS = 0V, fC1 = 134kHz square wave, Ta = 25°C VC1 = 1.0V with positive peak at VDD and negative peak at VDD -1V unless otherwise specified Parameter Supply Voltage Symbol Test Conditions Min. VDD Typ. 1.5 Rectified Supply Voltage VDDREC Coil1 - Coil2 Capacitance Cres Power Supply Capacitor Biphase & Manchester Versions Supply Current VCOIL1 - VCOIL2 = 2.8 VDC Modulator switch = “ON” Vcoil=100mVRMS f=10kHz Max. Units 1) V 1.5 V 74 2) pF Csup 120 pF IDD 0.63 1.5 µA C2 pad Modulator ON voltage drop VONC2 VDD=1.5V VDD=5.0V IVDDC2=100µA with ref. to VDD IVDDC2=1mA with ref. to VDD 0.9 2.1 1.1 2.3 1.3 2.8 V V C1 pad Modulator ON voltage drop PSK Version Supply Current PSK VONC1 VDD=5.0V IVDDC1=1mA 2.1 2.3 2.8 V 0.92 2 µA 0.6 0.9 V C2 pad Modulator ON voltage drop Note 1) Note 2) with ref. to VDD IDDPSK VONC2PSK VDD=1.5V IVDDC2=100µA with ref. to VDD 0.3 The maximum voltage is defined by forcing 10mA on COIL1 - COIL2 The tolerance of the resonant capacitor is ± 15% over the whole production. Optional reduced tolerance on request On a wafer basis, the tolerance is ± 2% Timing Characteristics VDD = 1.5V, VSS = 0V, fcoil = 134kHz square wave, Ta = 25°C VC1 = 1.0V with positive peak at VDD and negative peak at VDD -1V unless otherwise specified Timings are derived from the field frequency and are specified as a number of RF periods. Parameter Symbol Read Bit Period Trdb Test Conditions depending on option Value Units 64, 32, 16 RF periods Timing Waveforms TOC 64, 32 or 16 TOC, depending on option COIL1 Serial Data Out BIT n BIT n+1 BIT n+2 Fig. 4 Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 3 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM4100 Block Diagram CLOCK EXTRACTOR a COIL1 Logic Clock VDD AC1 Cres + FULL WAVE RECTIFIER AC2 Csup SEQUENCER MEMORY ARRAY - VSS COIL2 Serial Data Out DATA MODULATOR DATA ENCODER Modulation Control a: open only for PSK version Fig. 5 General The EM4100 is supplied by means of an electromagnetic field induced on the attached coil. The AC voltage is rectified in order to provide a DC internal supply voltage. When the last bit is sent, the chip will continue with the first bit until the power goes off. Data Modulator The data modulator is controlled by the signal Modulation Control in order to induce a high current in the coil. In the PSK version, only COIL2 transistor drives this high current. In the other versions, both coil1 and coil2 transistors drive it to Vdd. This will affect the magnetic field according to the data stored in the memory array. Full Wave Rectifier The AC input induced in the external coil by an incident magnetic field is rectified by a Graetz bridge. The bridge will limit the internal DC voltage to avoid malfunction in strong fields. Resonance Capacitor This capacitor can be trimmed in factory by 0.5pf steps to achieve the absolute value of 74pf typically. This option, which is on request, allows a smaller capacitor tolerance on the whole of the production. Functional Description Clock Extractor One of the coil terminals (COIL1) is used to generate the master clock for the logic function. The output of the clock extractor drives a sequencer. Sequencer The sequencer provides all necessary signals to address the memory array and to encode the serial data out. Three mask programmed encoding versions of logic are available. These three encoding types are Manchester, biphase and PSK. The bit rate for the first and the second type can be 64 or 32 periods of the field frequency. For the PSK version, the bit rate is 16. The sequencer receives its clock from the COIL1 clock extractor and generates every internal signal controlling the memory and the data encoder logic. Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 4 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM4100 Memory Array for Manchester & Bi-Phase encoding ICs The EM4100 contains 64 bits divided in five groups of information. 9 bits are used for the header, 10 row parity bits (P0-P9), 4 column parity bits (PC0-PC3), 40 data bits (D00-D93), and 1 stop bit set to logic 0. 1 1 1 8 version bits or customer ID 1 32 data bits 1 1 D00 D01 D10 D11 D20 D21 D30 D31 D40 D41 D50 D51 D60 D61 D70 D71 D80 D81 D90 D91 PC0 PC1 1 D02 D12 D22 D32 D42 D52 D62 D72 D82 D92 PC2 1 D03 D13 D23 D33 D43 D53 D63 D73 D83 D93 PC3 1 P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 S0 Memory Array for PSK encoding ICs The PSK coded IC's are programmed with odd parity for P0 and P1 and always with a logic zero. The parity bits from P2 to P9 are even. The column parity PC0 to PC3 are calculated including the version bits and are even parity bits. 9 header bits Code Description Manchester There is always a transition from ON to OFF or from OFF to ON in the middle of bit period. At the transition from logic bit “1” to logic bit “0” or logic bit “0” to logic bit “1” the phase change. Value high of data stream presented below modulator switch OFF, low represents switch ON (see Fig. 6). 10 line parity bits Biphase Code At the beginning of each bit, a transition will occur. A logic bit “1” will keep its state for the whole bit duration and a logic bit “0” will show a transition in the middle of the bit duration (see Fig. 7). 4 column parity bits The header is composed of the 9 first bits which are all mask programmed to "1". Due to the data and parity organisation, this sequence cannot be reproduced in the data string. The header is followed by 10 groups of 4 data bits allowing 100 billion combinations and 1 even row parity bit. Then, the last group consists of 4 event column parity bits without row parity bit. S0 is a stop bit which is written to "0" Bits D00 to D03 and bits D10 to D13 are customer specific identification. These 64 bits are outputted serially in order to control the modulator. When the 64 bits data string is outputted, the output sequence is repeated continuously until power goes off. PSK Code Modulation switch goes ON and OFF alternately every period of carrier frequency. When a phase shift occurs, a logical "0" is read from the memory. If no shift phase occurs after a data rate cycle, a logical "1" is read (see Fig. 8). Manchester Code Binary data X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 Memory output Modulator control Modulation control "low" means high current Fig. 6 Biphase Code Binary data 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 Memory output Modulator control Modulation control "low" means high current Fig. 7 Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 5 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM4100 PSK Code Serial Data Out COIL1 Modulator control "0" ON SERIAL OUT "1" ON SERIAL OUT Modulation control "low" means high current Fig. 8 Typical Performance Characteristics Typical Capacitor Variation versus Temperature Dynamic Consumption Versus temperature with VddVss=1.5V 1.4 100.8 1.2 100.6 PSK 1 100.4 Idyn [µA] Resonnance capacitor [%] 101 100.2 100 0.8 Manchester and biphase 0.6 0.4 99.8 0.2 0 99.6 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 -50 100 -25 0 25 50 75 100 Temperature [ °C ] Temperature [°C] Fig. 9 Fig. 10 Rectified Voltage versus temperature for Vcoil2-Vcoil1=2.8V L versus Resonance Frequency versus for a typical coil capacitance of 74 pf 2 40 1.95 35 Vddrec [V] Lcoil [mH] 1.9 30 25 1.85 1.8 20 1.75 15 1.7 10 100 1.65 110 120 130 140 -50 150 0 25 50 75 100 Fig. 12 Fig. 11 Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA -25 Temperature [°C] Frequency [KHz] 6 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM4100 CHIP Dimensions EM4100 747 14 499 1041 142 517 378 716 Y 1016 X Vss, Vdd pad size : 76 X 76 C1, C2 pad size : 95 X 95 All dimensions in µm Fig. 13 CID Package PCB Package FRONT VIEW Y TOP VIEW B D Z K J MARKING AREA A SYMBOL A B D e F g J K R MIN 8.2 3.8 5.8 0.38 1.25 0.3 0.42 0.115 0.4 TYP 8.5 4.0 6.0 0.5 1.3 0.4 0.44 0.127 0.5 MAX 8.8 4.2 6.2 0.62 1.35 0.5 0.46 0.139 0.6 X C2 Dimensions are in mm R SYMBOL MIN TYP X 8.0 Y 4.0 Z Dimensions are in mm e C2 C1 F F C1 MAX 1.0 g Fig. 14 Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Fig. 15 7 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM4100 Ordering Information Packaged Devices This chart shows general offering; for detailed Part Number to order, please see the table “Standard Versions” below. EM4100 A6 CI2LC - %%% Version: A6 = Manchester, 64 clocks per bit A5 = Manchester, 32 clocks per bit B6 = Bi-phase, 64 clocks per bit B5 = Bi-phase, 32 clocks per bit C4 = PSK, 16 clocks per bit Customer Version: %%% = only for custom specific version Package/Card & Delivery Form: CI2LC = CID Pack, 2 pins (length 2.5mm), in bulk CI2LB = CID Pack, 2 pins (length 2.5mm), in tape & reel CB2RC = PCB Package, 2 pins, in bulk Die Form This chart shows general offering; for detailed Part Number to order, please see the table “Standard Versions” below. EM4100 A6 WS 11 E - %%% Version: A6 = Manchester, 64 clocks per bit A5 = Manchester, 32 clocks per bit B6 = Bi-phase, 64 clocks per bit B5 = Bi-phase, 32 clocks per bit C4 = PSK, 16 clocks per bit Customer Version: %%% = only for custom specific version Die form: WW = Wafer WS = Sawn Wafer/Frame WT = Sticky Tape WP = Waffle Pack (note 1) Thickness: 7 = 7 mils (178um) 11 = 11 mils (280um) 27 = 27 mils (686um) Bumping: " " (blank) = no bumps E = with Gold Bumps (note 2) Remarks: • For ordering please use table of “Standard Version” table below. • For specifications of Delivery Form, including gold bumps, tape and bulk, as well as possible other delivery form or packages, please contact EM Microelectronic-Marin S.A. • Note 1: This is a non-standard package. Please contact EM Microelectronic-Marin S.A for availability. • Note 2 : Direct connection using this version is subject to license. Please contact [email protected] Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 8 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM4100 Standard Versions: The versions below are considered standards and should be readily available. For other versions or other delivery form, please contact EM Microelectronic-Marin S.A. Sales Office. Please make sure to give complete part number when ordering, without spaces. Part Number EM4100A5CB2RC EM4100A5CI2LC EM4100A6CB2RC EM4100A6CI2LB EM4100A6CI2LC EM4100A6WP7 EM4100A6WS7 EM4100A6WT7 EM4100A6WW7 EM4100B5CB2RC EM4100B5CI2LC EM4100B6CB2RC EM4100B6CI2LC EM4100C4WS11 EM4100XXYYY-%%% Bit coding Manchester Manchester Manchester Manchester Manchester Manchester Manchester Manchester Manchester Bi-phase Bi-phase Bi-phase Bi-phase PSK custom Cycle/ bit 32 32 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 32 32 64 64 16 Package/Card/Die Form PCB Package, 2 pins CID package, 2 pins (length 2.5mm) PCB Package, 2 pins CID package, 2 pins (length 2.5mm) CID package, 2 pins (length 2.5mm) Die in waffle pack, 7 mils Sawn wafer, 7 mils Die on sticky tape, 7 mils Unsawn wafer, 7 mils PCB Package, 2 pins CID package, 2 pins (length 2.5mm) PCB Package, 2 pins CID package, 2 pins (length 2.5mm) Sawn wafer, 11 mils thickness custom Delivery Form / Bumping bulk bulk bulk tape bulk no bumps no bumps no bumps no bumps bulk bulk bulk bulk no bumps custom Product Support Check our Web Site under Products/RF Identification section. Questions can be sent to [email protected] EM Microelectronic-Marin SA cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry described other than circuitry entirely embodied in an EM Microelectronic-Marin SA product. EM Microelectronic-Marin SA reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. You are strongly urged to ensure that the information given has not been superseded by a more up-to-date version. © EM Microelectronic-Marin SA, 0804 Rev. G Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 9 www.emmicroelectronic.com