Vicor MVTM36BF180M007A00 High efficiency, sine amplitude converter Datasheet

VTM® Current Multiplier
MIL-COTS
MVTM36 Series
S
C
NRTL
US
High Efficiency, Sine Amplitude Converter™ (SAC™)
Features
Product Ratings
• Family of MIL-COTs current multipliers
covering output voltages from 1 to 50 Vdc
VIN = 26.0 V to 50.0 V
POUT = up to 150 W
VOUT = 1.0 V to 50.0 V
(various models)
IOUT = up to 80 A
n Operating from MIL-COTs PRM® modules
• High efficiency reduces system power consumption
• High density provides isolated regulated system
and saves space
• VI Chip® package enables surface mount or through hole,
low impedance interconnect to system board
• Contains built-in protection features against:
n
n
n
n
Overvoltage
Overcurrent
Short Circuit
Overtemperature
• ZVS/ZCS resonant Sine Amplitude Converter topology
• Less than 50ºC temperature rise at full load
in typical applications
Typical Applications
• Land/Air/Sea Unmanned Vehicles/Drones
• Scanning Equipment
• Radar
• Mobile Weapons
Product Description
The VI Chip® current multiplier is a high efficiency
Sine Amplitude Converter™ (SAC™) operating from a
26 to 50 Vdc primary bus to deliver an isolated output.
The Sine Amplitude Converter offers a low AC impedance
beyond the bandwidth of most downstream regulators, which
means that capacitance normally at the load can be located
at the input to the Sine Amplitude Converter. This allows for a
reduction in point of load capacitance of typically >100x which
results in a saving of board area, materials and
total system cost.
The VTM current multiplier is provided in a VI Chip package
compatible with standard pick-and-place and surface mount
assembly processes. The co-molded VI Chip package provides
enhanced thermal management due to large thermal interface
area and superior thermal conductivity. With high conversion
efficiency the VTM current multiplier increases overall system
efficiency and lowers operating costs compared to
conventional approaches.
The VTM current multiplier enables the utilization of
Factorized Power Architecture providing efficiency and size
benefits by lowering conversion and distribution losses and
promoting high density point of load conversion.
• Hybrid Vehicles
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 1 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
MVTM36 Series
Typical Application
PRM AL
RSC
SC
VH
OS
TM
VTM
CSC
ROS
VOUT
VTM Start Up Pulse and Temperature Feedback
CD
+OUT
VC
VC
RCD
IL
TM
0.01µF
PC
PC
PR
RVC
10K
RDF
SGND
VIN
16 V to 50 V
+IN
F1
+OUT
CIN
–IN
SGND
+IN
LF 1
VF: 26 V to 50 V
CF 1
–OUT
–IN
–OUT
GND
PRIMARY
SECONDARY
ISOLATION BOUNDRY
SGND 1
Using the MIL-COTs PRM, the output of the VTM is regulated over the load current range with only a single interconnect
between the PRM and VTM and without the need for isolation in the feedback path.
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 2 of 31
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800 927.9474
SEC_GND
MVTM36 Series
Pin Configuration (Full)
1
2
TOP VIEW
3
4
A’
+OUT
B’
-OUT
C’
+OUT
D’
-OUT
A
+IN
TM
B
VC
C
PC
D
-IN
E
Full VIC SMD
Pin Description (Full)
Pin Number
Signal Name
Type
Function
A1, A2
+IN
INPUT POWER
B1, B2
TM
OUTPUT
C1, C2
VC
INPUT
Connect to 12 V source to power internal VTM control circuits.
D1, D2
PC
BIDIR
Enables power supply when allowed to float high. 5 V during normal operation.
E1, E2
-IN
INPUT POWER
RETURN
A’3, A’4, C’3, C’4
+OUT
OUTPUT POWER Positive Output Power Terminal
B’3, B’4, D’3, D’4
-OUT
OUTPUT POWER
Positive Output Power Terminal
RETURN
Positive Input Power Terminal
Provides voltage proportional to internal VTM controller temperature. “Power Good” flag.
Negative Input Power Terminal
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 3 of 31
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800 927.9474
MVTM36 Series
Pin Configuration (Half)
1
+IN
TOP VIEW
2
4
3
A
E
A’
+OUT
B’
-OUT
IM B
C TM
VC D
E PC
-IN
F
Half VIC
Pin Description (Half)
Pin Number
Signal Name
Type
Function
A1, A2
+IN
INPUT POWER
B1
IM
OUTPUT
Provides voltage proportional to load current.
C2
TM
OUTPUT
Provides voltage proportional to internal VTM controller temperature. “Power Good” flag.
D1
VC
INPUT
Connect to 12 V source to power internal VTM control circuits.
E2
PC
BIDIR
Enables power supply when allowed to float high. 5 V during normal operation.
F1, F2
-IN
INPUT POWER
RETURN
A’3, A’4
+OUT
OUTPUT POWER Positive Output Power Terminal
B’3, B’4
-OUT
OUTPUT POWER
Positive Output Power Terminal
RETURN
Positive Input Power Terminal
Negative Input Power Terminal
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 4 of 31
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800 927.9474
MVTM36 Series
Part Ordering Information
Device
Input Voltage
Range
Package Type
Output Voltage
x 10
Temperature
Grade
Output
Current
Revision
Version
VTM
36B
F
015
M
080
A
00
VTM = VTM
36B = 26.0 to 50.0 V
F = Full VIC SMD
T = Full VIC Through Hole
H = Half VIC SMD
015 = 1.5 V
M = -55 to 125°C
080 = 80 A
A
00 = Standard
All products shipped in JEDEC standard high profile (0.400” thick) trays (JEDEC Publication 95, Design Guide 4.10).
Standard Models
Part Number
Package Size
VIN
K
VOUT
Temperature
Current
MVTM36BF015M080A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT015M080A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/24
1.50 V (1.08 V to 2.08 V)
-55 to 125°C
80 A
MVTM36BF022M055A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT022M055A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/16
2.25 V (1.63 V to 3.13 V)
-55 to 125°C
55 A
MVTM36BF030M040B00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT030M040B00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/12
3.00 V (2.17 V to 4.17 V)
-55 to 125°C
40 A
MVTM36BF045M027A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT045M027A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/8
4.50 V (3.25 V to 6.25 V)
-55 to 125°C
27 A
MVTM36BF060M020A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT060M020A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/6
6.00 V (4.33 V to 8.33 V)
-55 to 125°C
20 A
MVTM36BF072M017A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT072M017A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/5
7.20 V (5.20 V to 10.0 V)
-55 to 125°C
17 A
MVTM36BF090M013A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT090M013A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/4
9.00 V (6.50 V to 12.5 V)
-55 to 125°C
13 A
MVTM36BF120M010A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT120M010A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/3
12.0 V (8.67 V to 16.7 V)
-55 to 125°C
10 A
MVTM36BF180M007A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT180M007A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/2
18.0 V (13.0 V to 25.0 V)
-55 to 125°C
7A
MVTM36BF240M005A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT240M005A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
2/3
24.0 V (17.3 V to 33.3 V)
-55 to 125°C
5A
MVTM36BF360M003A00
Full VIC SMD
MVTM36BT360M003A00
Full VIC TH
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1
36.0 V (26.0 V to 50.0 V)
-55 to 125°C
3A
MVTM36BH030M025A00
Half VIC SMD
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/12
3.00 V (1.63 V to 3.13 V)
-55 to 125°C
25 A
MVTM36BH045M020A00
Half VIC SMD
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/8
4.50 V (3.25 V to 6.25 V)
-55 to 125°C
20 A
MVTM36BH090M010A00
Half VIC SMD
26.0 V to 50.0 V
1/4
9.00 V (6.50 V to 12.5 V)
-55 to 125°C
10 A
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 5 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
MVTM36 Series
Absolute Maximum Ratings
The absolute maximum ratings below are stress ratings only. Operation at or beyond these maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device.
Parameter
Comments
Min
Max
Unit
+IN to -IN
-1.0
60
VDC
PC to -IN
-0.3
20
VDC
TM to -IN
-0.3
7
VDC
VC to -IN
-0.3
20
VDC
3.15
VDC
2250
VDC
IM to -IN
Half Chip only
0
+IN / -IN to +OUT / -OUT (hipot)
General Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Input voltage range
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
No external VC applied
26
50
VC applied
0
50
VIN
VIN slew rate
dVIN/dt
Output voltage ripple
VOUT_PP
Unit
VDC
1
COUT = 0 F, IOUT = Full Load, VIN = 48 V, 20 MHz BW
5
V/µs
% VOUT
Protection
Overvoltage lockout
Overvoltage lockout
response time constant
VIN_OVLO+
Module latched shutdown
tOVLO
Effective internal RC filter
52.0
56.0
58.5
V
8
µs
Output overcurent trip
IOCP
120
% IOUT_AVG
Short circuit protection trip current
ISCP
150
% IOUT_AVG
3.8
ms
1
µs
Output overcurrent
response time constant
Short cicuit protection response time
Thermal shutdown setpoint
Reverse inrush current protection
tOCP
tSCP
Effective internal RC filter (Integrative)
From detection to cessation of switching
(Instantaneous)
TJ_OTP
125
Reverse Inrush protection disabled for this product
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 6 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
130
135
°C
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
7.5
W
MVTM36BF015M080A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/24
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 80 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 80 A
90.0
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 80 A
87.3
80
A
120
A
91.3
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 80 A
0.40
0.76
1.0
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 80 A
0.55
0.98
1.4
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 80 A
0.65
1.18
1.5
mΩ
fSW
1.50
1.60
1.70
MHz
fSW_RP
3.00
3.20
3.40
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
5.0
MHrs
6.7
MHrs
2
kΩ
MVTM36BF022M055A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
8.6
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/16
W
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 55 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 55 A
92.6
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 55 A
88.8
55
A
82
A
93.7
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 55 A
0.6
1.1
1.8
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 55 A
0.8
1.4
1.9
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 55 A
1.0
1.7
2.2
mΩ
fSW
1.36
1.43
1.50
MHz
fSW_RP
2.72
2.86
3.00
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 7 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
1.9
MHrs
6.0
MHrs
1.0
kΩ
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
12.0
W
MVTM36BF030M040B00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/12
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 40 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 40 A
92.5
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 40 A
90.2
40
A
60
A
94.0
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 40 A
1.0
1.6
2.3
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 40 A
1.5
2.2
3.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 40 A
2.0
2.6
3.3
mΩ
fSW
1.36
1.43
1.50
MHz
fSW_RP
2.72
2.86
3.00
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
3.8
MHrs
9.5
MHrs
1.0
kΩ
MVTM36BF045M027A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
7.0
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/8
W
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 27 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 27 A
93.0
VIN = 26 V to 55 V, IOUT = 27 A
89.3
27
A
40
A
94.7
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 27 A
2.5
4.6
5.9
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 27 A
3.8
6.0
7.8
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 27 A
4.5
7.1
9.0
mΩ
fSW
1.10
1.21
1.30
MHz
fSW_RP
2.20
2.42
2.60
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 8 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
3.8
MHrs
9.5
MHrs
1.0
kΩ
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
14.0
W
MVTM36BF060M020A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/6
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 20 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 20 A
94.6
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 20 A
92.0
20
A
30
A
95.5
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 20 A
3.0
7.0
9.0
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 20 A
5.0
8.0
10.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 20 A
6.0
12.0
15.0
mΩ
fSW
1.47
1.52
1.57
MHz
fSW_RP
7.94
3.04
3.14
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
4.3
MHrs
9.5
MHrs
0.56
kΩ
MVTM36BF072M017A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
14.0
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/5
W
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 17 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 17 A
95.3
VIN = 26 V to 55 V, IOUT = 17 A
92.0
17
A
25
A
95.9
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 17 A
3.3
5.6
7.8
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 17 A
5.0
7.8
10.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 17 A
7.0
9.1
12.0
mΩ
fSW
1.50
1.55
1.60
MHz
fSW_RP
3.00
3.10
3.20
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 9 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
3.5
MHrs
5.5
MHrs
0.56
kΩ
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
14.0
W
MVTM36BF090M013A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/4
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 13 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 13 A
93.8
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 13 A
93.5
13
A
19
A
95.3
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 13 A
2.0
5.5
9.5
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 13 A
3.9
8.9
13.4
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 13 A
5.0
10.6
15.9
mΩ
fSW
1.85
1.95
2.05
MHz
fSW_RP
3.70
3.90
4.10
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
1.8
MHrs
7.3
MHrs
0.51
kΩ
MVTM36BF120M010A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
10.5
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/3
W
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 10 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 10 A
94.2
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 10 A
90.0
10
A
15
A
94.9
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 10 A
12.8
19.7
26.5
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 10 A
20.4
26.5
32.6
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 10 A
23.1
29.2
35.2
mΩ
fSW
1.56
1.65
1.74
MHz
fSW_RP
3.12
3.30
3.48
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 10 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
3.8
MHrs
5.6
MHrs
2.0
kΩ
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
13.5
W
MVTM36BF180M007A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/2
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 7 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 7 A
93.0
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 7 A
92.0
7
A
10
A
94.0
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 7 A
19.7
40.0
60.7
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 7 A
30.0
55.0
75.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 7 A
35.0
60.0
90.0
mΩ
fSW
1.68
1.77
1.86
MHz
fSW_RP
3.36
3.54
3.72
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
3.8
MHrs
5.7
MHrs
0.51
kΩ
MVTM36BF240M005A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
8.5
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
2/3
W
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 5 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 5 A
93.5
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 5 A
93.0
5
A
7.5
A
96.0
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 5 A
40.0
51.4
70.0
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 5 A
64.0
86.0
120.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 5 A
85.0
102.0
135
mΩ
fSW
1.57
1.60
1.63
MHz
fSW_RP
3.14
3.20
3.26
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 11 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
3.8
MHrs
5.6
MHrs
2.0
kΩ
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
9.0
W
MVTM36BF360M003A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 3 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 3 A
95.3
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 3 A
93.3
3
A
4.5
A
96.0
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 3 A
55.0
108.0
175.0
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 3 A
120.0
158.0
200.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 3 A
175.0
205.0
235.0
mΩ
fSW
1.64
1.67
1.70
MHz
fSW_RP
3.28
3.34
3.40
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
MTBF
Telcordia Issue 2 - Method 1 Case 1;
Ground Benign, Controlled
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 12 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
3.8
MHrs
5.6
MHrs
2.0
kΩ
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
5.0
W
MVTM36BH030M025A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/12
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 25 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 25 A
88.5
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 25 A
85.5
25.0
A
37.5
A
90.8
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 25 A
2.0
5.3
8.5
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 25 A
4.5
7.3
10.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 25 A
5.0
8.0
12.0
mΩ
fSW
1.50
1.65
1.80
MHz
fSW_RP
3.00
3.30
3.60
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
MTBF
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
4.5
MHrs
8.87
kΩ
Current Monitor: IM
• The IM pin provides a DC analog voltage proportional to the output current of the VTM.
SIGNAL TYPE
STATE
ATTRIBUTE
IM voltage (no load)
IM voltage (50%)
ANALOG
INPUT
Steady
IM voltage (full load)
IM gain
SYMBOL
VIM_NL
VIM_50%
VIM_FL
AIM
IM resistance (external)
CONDITIONS / NOTES
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 42 V, IOUT = 0 A
0.30
0.32
0.38
V
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 42 V, IOUT = 12.5 A
0.94
V
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 42 V, IOUT = 25 A
1.80
V
69
mV/A
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 42 V, IOUT > 12.5 A
RIM_EXT
2.5
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 13 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
MΩ
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
5.6
W
MVTM36BH045M020A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/8
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 20 A
VIN = 48 V, IOUT = 20 A
91.0
VIN = 26 V to 55 V, IOUT = 20 A
89.5
20
A
30
A
92.9
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 20 A
5.0
8.2
13.0
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 20 A
7.0
10.8
15.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 20 A
9.0
13.2
18.0
mΩ
fSW
1.37
1.50
1.63
MHz
fSW_RP
2.74
3.00
3.26
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
MTBF
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
6.0
MHrs
4.64
kΩ
Current Monitor: IM
• The IM pin provides a DC analog voltage proportional to the output current of the VTM.
SIGNAL TYPE
STATE
ATTRIBUTE
IM voltage (no load)
IM voltage (50%)
ANALOG
INPUT
Steady
IM voltage (full load)
IM gain
IM resistance (external)
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS / NOTES
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
VIM_NL
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 48 V, IOUT = 0 A
0.27
0.33
0.37
V
VIM_50%
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 48 V, IOUT = 10 A
1.0
V
VIM_FL
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 48 V, IOUT = 20 A
1.91
V
AIM
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 48 V, IOUT > 10 A
91
mV/A
RIM_EXT
2.5
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 14 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
MΩ
MVTM36 Series
Model Specific Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
5.2
W
MVTM36BH090M010A00
No load power dissipation
PNL
Transfer ratio
K
Ouput voltage
VOUT
VIN = 26 V to 50 V
K = VOUT / VIN, IOUT = 0 A
1/4
V/V
VOUT = VIN • K - IOUT • ROUT
Output current (average)
IOUT_AVG
Output current (peak)
IOUT_PK
Efficiency (ambient)
hAMB
V
tPEAK < 10 ms, IOUT_AVG ≤ 10 A
VIN = 36 V, IOUT = 10 A
92.0
VIN = 26 V to 50 V, IOUT = 10 A
90.0
10
A
15
A
93.6
%
Output resistance (cold)
ROUT_COLD
TC = -40°C, IOUT = 10 A
20.0
27.0
35.0
mΩ
Output resistance (ambient)
ROUT_AMB
TC = 25°C, IOUT = 10 A
28.0
36.2
45.0
mΩ
Output resistance (hot)
ROUT_HOT
TC = 100°C, IOUT = 10 A
35.0
44.4
55.0
mΩ
fSW
1.60
1.75
1.90
MHz
fSW_RP
3.20
3.50
3.80
MHz
Switching frequency
Output ripple frequency
MIL-HDBK-217 Plus Parts Count; 25°C Ground Benign,
MTBF
Stationary, Indoors / Computer Profile
VC internal resistor
RVC-INT
4.5
MHrs
2.05
kΩ
Current Monitor: IM
• The IM pin provides a DC analog voltage proportional to the output current of the VTM.
SIGNAL TYPE
STATE
ATTRIBUTE
IM voltage (no load)
IM voltage (50%)
ANALOG
INPUT
Steady
IM voltage (full load)
IM gain
IM resistance (external)
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS / NOTES
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
VIM_NL
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 48 V, IOUT = 0 A
0.28
0.35
0.42
V
VIM_50%
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 48 V, IOUT = 5 A
0.90
V
VIM_FL
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 48 V, IOUT = 10 A
1.68
V
AIM
TC = 25ºC, VIN = 48 V, IOUT > 5 A
156
mV/A
RIM_EXT
2.5
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 15 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
MΩ
MVTM36 Series
Signal Characteristics
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
VTM Control: VC
•
•
•
•
•
•
Used to wake up powertrain circuit.
A minimum of 12 V must be applied indefinitely for VIN ≤ 26 V to ensure normal operation.
VC slew rate must be within range for a successful start.
PRM® VC can be used as valid wake-up signal source.
VC voltage may be continuously applied; there will be minimal VC current drawn when VIN ≥ 26 V and VC ≤ 13.
Internal resistance used in adaptive loop compensation
SIGNAL TYPE
STATE
ATTRIBUTE
SYMBOL
External VC voltage
VVC_EXT
Required for startup, and operation
below 26 V.
VC current draw threshold
VVC_TH
Low VC current draw for Vin >26 V
Steady
MIN
TYP
12
IVC
0
VC = 16.5 V, VIN > 26 V
0
dVC/dt
Required for proper startup
VC inrush current
IINR_VC
VC = 16.5 V, dVC/dt = 0.25 V/µs
UNIT
16.5
V
V
150
VC = 13 V, VIN > 26 V
VC slew rate
MAX
13
VC = 13 V, VIN = 0 V
VC current draw
ANALOG
INPUT
CONDITIONS / NOTES
0.02
mA
0.25
V/µs
750
mA
500
µs
25
µs
Start Up
VC output turn-on delay
tON
Transitional
VC to PC delay
tVC_PC
VIN pre-applied, PC floating, VC
enable; CPC = 0 µF, COUT = 4000 µF
VC = 12 V to PC high, VIN = 0 V,
10
dVC/dt = 0.25 V/µs
Primary Control: PC
•
•
•
•
•
•
The PC pin enables and disables the VTM. When held below 2 V, the VTM will be disabled.
PC pin outputs 5 V during normal operation. PC pin is equal to 2.5 V during fault mode given Vin ≥ 26 V and VC ≥ 12 V.
After successful start-up and under no fault condition, PC can be used as a 5 V regulated voltage source with a 2 mA maximum current.
Module will shutdown when pulled low with an impedance less than 400 Ω.
In an array of VTMs, connect PC pin to synchronize startup.
PC pin cannot sink current and will not disable other modules during fault mode.
SIGNAL TYPE
STATE
ATTRIBUTE
PC voltage
Steady
ANALOG
INPUT
Start Up
Enable
DIGITAL
INPUT / OUTPUT
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS / NOTES
VPC
PC source current
IPC_OP
PC resistance (internal)
RPC_INT
PC source current
IPC_EN
Internal pull down resistor
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
4.7
5.0
5.3
V
2
mA
50
150
400
kΩ
50
100
300
µA
50
pF
PC capacitance (internal)
CPC_INT
PC resistance (external)
RPC_EXT
60
PC voltage (enable)
VPC_EN
2
PC voltage (disable)
VPC_DIS
PC pull down current
IPC_PD
kΩ
2.5
3
V
2
V
Disable
PC disable time
Transitional
PC fault response time
5.1
tPC_DIS_T
tFR_PC
From fault to PC = 2 V
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 16 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
mA
4
µs
100
µs
MVTM36 Series
Signal Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Temperature Monitor: TM
• The TM pin monitors the internal temperature of the VTM controller IC within an accuracy of ±5°C.
• Can be used as a "Power Good" flag to verify that the VTM is operating.
• The TM pin has a room temperature setpoint of 3 V (@27°C) and approximate gain of 10 mV/ °C.
SIGNAL TYPE
STATE
ATTRIBUTE
TM voltage
ANALOG
OUTPUT
Steady
Disable
DIGITAL
OUTPUT
(FAULT FLAG)
Transitional
SYMBOL
VTM_AMB
CONDITIONS / NOTES
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
TJ controller = 27°C
2.95
3.00
3.05
V
100
µA
TM source current
ITM
TM gain
ATM
10
mV/°C
TM voltage
VTM_DIS
0
V
TM resistance (internal)
RTM_INT
TM capacitance (external)
CTM_EXT
TM fault response time
tFR_TM
Internal pull down resistor
From fault to TM = 1.5 V
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 17 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
25
40
10
50
kΩ
50
pF
µs
≥ 26 V
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 18 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
PC
3V
5V
VTM-AMB
TM
NL
VOVLO
VOUT
VIN
VVC-EXT
VC
a
2 3
b
c
4
a: VC slew rate (dVC/dt)
b: Minimum VC pulse rate
c: TOVLO
d: TOCP
e: Output turn on delay (TON)
f: PC disable time (TPC_DIS_T)
g: VC to PC delay (TVC_PC)
1
5
6
1. Initiated VC pulse
2. Controller start
3. VIN ramp up
4. VIN = VOVLO
5. VIN ramp down no VC pulse
6. Overcurrent
7. Start up on short circuit
8. PC driven low
IOCP
ISSP
IOUT
7
d
g
e
f
8
Notes:
– Timing and voltage is not to scale
– Error pulse width is load dependent
MVTM36 Series
Timing diagram
MVTM36 Series
General Characteristics
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Mechanical
(Full VIC)
Length
L
32.25 / [1.270] 32.5 / [1.280] 32.75 / [1.289]
mm/[in]
Width
W
21.75 / [0.856] 22.0 / [0.866] 22.25 / [0.876]
mm/[in]
Height
H
6.48 / [0.255]
mm/[in]
Volume
Vol
Weight
W
No heat sink
6.73 / [0.265]
6.98 / [0.275]
4.81 / [0.294]
cm3/[in3]
15.0 / [0.53]
g/[oz]
(Half VIC)
Length
L
21.7 / [0.85]
22.0 / [0.87]
22.3 / [0.88]
mm/[in]
Width
W
16.4 / [0.64]
16.5 / [0.65]
16.6 / [0.66]
mm/[in]
Height
H
6.48 / [0.255]
6.73 / [0.265]
6.98 / [0.275]
mm/[in]
Volume
Vol
Weight
W
Lead finish
No heat sink
2.44 / [0.150]
cm3/[in3]
8.0 / [0.28]
g/[oz]
Nickel
0.51
2.03
Palladium
0.02
0.15
Gold
0.003
0.051
-55
125
µm
Thermal
Operating temperature
TJ
Thermal Resistance (Full VIC)
ΦJC
Thermal Resistance (Half VIC)
ΦJC
Isothermal heat sink and isothermal
internal PCB
Isothermal heat sink and
isothermal internal PCB
°C
1
°C/W
2.2
°C/W
Assembly
Storage temperature
TST
-65
125
°C
Human Body Model Component Level
ESDHBM
ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001-2012,
1000
Class 1C 1000 to <2000 V
ESD withstand
ESDCDM
VDC
Field Induced Change Device Model
JESD22-C101E, Class II 200 to <500 V
200
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 19 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
MVTM36 Series
General Characteristics Cont.
Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, unless otherwise noted; Boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of
-55°C < TJ < 125°C (T-Grade); All other specifications are at TJ = 25ºC unless otherwise noted.
Attribute
Symbol
Conditions / Notes
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
245
°C
Soldering
Peak temperature during reflow
MSL 4 (Datecode 1528 and later)
Peak time above 217°C
60
90
s
Peak heating rate during reflow
1.5
3
°C/s
Peak cooling rate post reflow
1.5
6
°C/s
Safety
Isolation voltage (hipot)
VHIPOT
2250
VDC
Isolation resistance
RIN_OUT
10
MΩ
cTUVus
Agency approvals / standards
cURus
CE Marked for low voltage directive and RoHS recast directive, as applicable
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
vicorpower.com
Page 20 of 31
07/2015
800 927.9474
MVTM36 Series
Using the control signals VC, PC, TM, IM
The VTM Control (VC) pin is an input pin which powers the internal
VCC circuitry when within the specified voltage range of 12 V to 16.5 V.
This voltage is required in order for the VTM module to start, and must
be applied as long as the input is below 26 V. In order to ensure a
proper start, the slew rate of the applied voltage must be within the
specified range.
Some additional notes on the using the VC pin:
n In most applications, the VTM module will be powered
by an upstream PRM® which provides a 10 ms VC pulse
during startup. In these applications the VC pins of the PRM
and VTM should be tied together.
n The VC voltage can be applied indefinitely allowing for
continuous operation down to 0 VIN.
n The fault response of the VTM module is latching.
A positive edge on VC is required in order to restart the unit.
If VC is continuously applied the PC pin may be toggled
to restart the module.
Primary Control (PC) pin can be used to accomplish the following
functions:
n Delayed start: Upon the application of VC, the PC pin will
source a constant 100 μA current to the internal RC
network. Adding an external capacitor will allow further
delay in reaching the 2.5 V threshold for module start.
n Auxiliary voltage source: Once enabled in regular
operational conditions (no fault), each VTM PC provides a
regulated 5 V, 2 mA voltage source.
n Output disable: PC pin can be actively pulled down in order
to disable the module. Pull down impedance shall be lower
than 400 Ω.
n Fault detection flag: The PC 5 V voltage source is internally
turned off as soon as a fault is detected. It is important to
notice that PC doesn’t have current sink capability. Therefore,
in an array, PC line will not be capable of disabling
neighboring modules if a fault is detected.
Startup behavior
Depending on the sequencing of the VC with respect to the input
voltage, the behavior during startup will vary as follows:
n Normal Operation (VC applied prior to Vin): In this case the
controller is active prior to ramping the input. When the input
voltage is applied, the VTM output voltage will track the input. The
inrush current is determined by the input voltage rate of rise and
output capacitance. If the VC voltage is removed prior to the input
reaching 26 V, the VTM module may shut down.
n Stand Alone Operation (VC applied after Vin): In this case the
module output will begin to rise upon the application of the VC
voltage. A soft-start circuit may vary the ouput rate of rise in order
to limit the inrush current to it’s maximum level. When starting into
high capacitance, or a short, the output current will be limited for a
maximum of 900 μsec. After this period, the adaptive soft start
circuit will time out and the module may shut down. No restart will
be attempted until VC is re-applied, or PC is toggled. To ensure a
successful start in this mode of operation, additional capacitance on
the output of the VTM should be kept to a minimum.
Thermal Considerations
VI Chip® products are multi-chip modules whose temperature
distribution varies greatly for each part number as well as with the
input / output conditions, thermal management and environmental
conditions. Maintaining the top of the VTM case to less than 100ºC will
keep all junctions within the VI Chip below 125ºC for most
applications.
The percent of total heat dissipated through the top surface versus
through the J-lead is entirely dependent on the particular mechanical
and thermal environment. The heat dissipated through the top surface
is typically 60%. The heat dissipated through the J-lead onto the PCB
board surface is typically 40%. Use 100% top surface dissipation when
designing for a conservative cooling solution.
It is not recommended to use a VI Chip module for an extended period
of time at full load without proper heat sinking
n Fault reset: PC may be toggled to restart the unit if VC
is continuously applied.
Temperature Monitor (TM) pin provides a voltage proportional to the
absolute temperature of the converter control IC.
It can be used to accomplish the following functions:
n Monitor the control IC temperature: The temperature in
Kelvin is equal to the voltage on the TM pin scaled
by 100. (i.e. 3.0 V = 300 K = 27ºC). If a heat sink is applied,
TM can be used to thermally protect the system.
n Fault detection flag: The TM voltage source is internally
turned off as soon as a fault is detected. For system
monitoring purposes (microcontroller interface) faults are
detected on falling edges of TM signal.
Current Monitor (IM) (half chip models only) pin provides a voltage
proportional to the output current of the VTM module. The nominal
voltage will vary between VIM_NL to VIM_FL over the output current range
of the module. The accuracy of the IM pin will be within 25% under all
line and temperature conditions between 50% and 100% load.
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+
RRCIN
CIN
6.3 mΩ
CCININ
V
VININ
150 pH
IOUT
IOUT
LIN = 1.7 nH
900 nF
RROUT
OUT
6.2 mΩ
V•I
1/12 • IOUT
IIQQ
0.057 A
350 mΩ
+
+
–
–
LOUT = 600 pH
+
RRCOUT
COUT
330 µΩ
1/12 • VIN
COUT
COUT
68 µF
VVOUT
OUT
K
–
–
Figure 1 — VI Chip® module AC model (MVTM48EH040M025A00 shown)
Sine Amplitude Converter™
Point of Load Conversion
The Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC™) uses a high frequency resonant
tank to move energy from input to output. The resonant LC tank,
operated at high frequency, is amplitude modulated as function of
input voltage and output current. A small amount of capacitance
embedded in the input and output stages of the module is sufficient for
full functionality and is key to achieving power density.
R
Vin
+
–
SAC
K = 1/32
Vout
A typical SAC can be simplified into the model above.
At no load:
Figure 2 — K = 1/32 Sine Amplitude Converter™
with series input resistor
(1)
VOUT = VIN • K
The relationship between VIN and VOUT becomes:
K represents the “turns ratio” of the SAC.
Rearranging Eq (1):
K =
VOUT = (VIN – IIN • R) • K
Substituting the simplified version of Eq. (4)
(IQ is assumed = 0 A) into Eq. (5) yields:
(2)
VOUT
VIN
VOUT = VIN • K – IOUT • R • K2
In the presence of load, Vout is represented by:
VOUT = VIN • K – IOUT • ROUT
(5)
(6)
This is similar in form to Eq. (3), where ROUT is used to represent the
characteristic impedance of the SAC™. However, in this case a real R on
the input side of the SAC is effectively scaled by K2 with respect
to the output.
(3)
and Iout is represented by:
Assuming that R = 1 Ω, the effective R as seen from the secondary side
is 0.98 mΩ, with K = 1/32 as shown in Figure 2.
IOUT
=
IIN – IQ
(4)
A similar exercise should be performed with the additon of a capacitor,
or shunt impedance, at the input to the SAC. A switch in series with VIN
is added to the circuit. This is depicted in Figure 3.
K
ROUT represents the impedance of the SAC, and is a function of the
RDSON of the input and output MOSFETs and the winding resistance of
the power transformer. Iq represents the quiescent current of the SAC
control and gate drive circuitry.
The use of DC voltage transformation provides additional interesting
attributes. Assuming for the moment that ROUT = 0 Ω and IQ = 0 A, Eq.
(3) now becomes Eq. (1) and is essentially load independent. A resistor
R is now placed in series with VIN as shown in Figure 2.
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Therefore,
POUT = PIN – PDISSIPATED = PIN – PNL – PROUT
S
Vin
+
–
C
SAC
K = 1/32
Vout
(11)
The above relations can be combined to calculate the overall module
efficiency:
h =
=
POUT
PIN
PIN – PNL – PROUT
PIN
(12)
Figure 3 — Sine Amplitude Converter™ with input capacitor
=
VIN • IIN – PNL – (IOUT)2 • ROUT
VIN • IIN
=
1–
A change in VIN with the switch closed would result in a change in
capacitor current according to the following equation:
IC(t)
=
C
dVin
dt
(7)
Assume that with the capacitor charged to VIN, the switch is opened
and the capacitor is discharged through the idealized SAC. In this case,
IC
=
IOUT • K
(8)
Substituting Eq. (1) and (8) into Eq. (7) reveals:
IOUT
=
C •
K2
dVOUT
dt
(9)
Writing the equation in terms of the output has yielded a K2 scaling
factor for C, this time in the denominator of the equation. For a K factor
less than unity, this results in an effectively larger capacitance on the
output when expressed in terms of the input. With a K = 1/32 as shown
in Figure 3, C = 1 μF would effectively appear as C = 1024 μF when
viewed from the output.
Low impedance is a key requirement for powering a high-current,
low-voltage load efficiently. A switching regulation stage should have
minimal impedance, while simultaneously providing appropriate
filtering for any switched current. The use of a SAC between the
regulation stage and the point of load provides a dual benefit, scaling
down series impedance leading back to the source and scaling up shunt
capacitance (or energy storage) as a function of its K factor squared.
However, these benefits are not useful if the series impedance of the
SAC is too high. The impedance of the SAC must be low well beyond
the crossover frequency of the system.
A solution for keeping the impedance of the SAC low involves
switching at a high frequency. This enables magnetic components to be
small since magnetizing currents remain low. Small magnetics mean
small path lengths for turns. Use of low loss core material at high
frequencies reduces core losses as well.
The two main terms of power loss in the VTM module are:
n No load power dissipation (Pnl): defined as the power used to power
(
PNL + (IOUT)2 • ROUT
VIN • IIN
Input and Output Filter Design
A major advantage of a SAC™ system versus a conventional PWM
converter is that the former does not require large functional filters.
The resonant LC tank, operated at extreme high frequency, is amplitude
modulated as a function of input voltage and output current and
efficiently transfers charge through the isolation transformer. A small
amount of capacitance embedded in the input and output stages of the
module is sufficient for full functionality and is key to achieving high
power density.
This paradigm shift requires system design to carefully evaluate
external filters in order to:
1. Guarantee low source impedance.
To take full advantage of the VTM module dynamic
response, the impedance presented to its input terminals
must be low from DC to approximately 5 MHz. Input
capacitance may be added to improve transient
performance or compensate for high source impedance.
2. Further reduce input and/or output voltage ripple without
sacrificing dynamic response.
Given the wide bandwidth of the VTM module, the source
response is generally the limiting factor in the overall
system response. Anomalies in the response of the source
will appear at the output of the module multiplied by its
K factor.
3. Protect the module from overvoltage transients imposed
by the system that would exceed maximum ratings and
cause failures.
The VI Chip® module input/output voltage ranges must
not be exceeded. An internal overvoltage lockout function
prevents operation outside of the normal operating input
range. Even during this condition, the powertrain is
exposed to the applied voltage and power MOSFETs must
withstand it.
up the module with an enabled power train at no load.
n Resistive loss (ROUT): refers to the power loss across the VTM current
multiplier modeled as pure resistive impedance.
PDISSIPATED
= PNL + PROUT
)
(10)
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Capacitive Filtering Considerations
for a Sine Amplitude Converter
It is important to consider the impact of adding input and output
capacitance to a Sine Amplitude Converter™ on the system as a whole.
Both the capacitance value, and the effective impedance of the
capacitor must be considered.
A Sine Amplitude Converter has a DC ROUT value which has already
been discussed in the previous section. The AC ROUT of the SAC contains
several terms:
n Resonant tank impedance
n Input lead inductance and internal capacitance
n Output lead inductance and internal capacitance
When connected in an array with the same K factor, the VTM module
will inherently share the load current with parallel units, according to
the equivalent impedance divider that the system implements from the
power source to the point of load.
Some general recommendations to achieve matched array impedances:
n Dedicate common copper planes within the PCB
to deliver and return the current to the modules.
n Provide the PCB layout as symmetric as possible.
n Apply same input / output filters (if present) to each unit.
For further details see AN:016 Using BCM® Bus Converters
in High Power Arrays.
The values of these terms are shown in the behavioral model in the
prior section. It is important to note on which side of the transformer
these impedances appear and how they reflect across the transformer
given the K factor.
VIN
ZIN_EQ1
Any capacitors placed at the output of the VTM module reflect back to
the input of the module by the square of the K factor (Eq. 9) with the
impedance of the module appearing in series. It is very important to
keep this in mind when using a PRM® regulator to power the VTM.
Most PRM regulators have a limit on the maximum amount of
capacitance that can be applied to the output. This capacitance includes
both the regulator output capacitance and the current multiplier
output capacitance reflected back to the input. In PRM regulator
remote sense applications, it is important to consider the reflected
value of VTM current multiplier output capacitance when designing
and compensating the PRM regulator control loop.
Capacitance placed at the input of the VTM module appear to the load
reflected by the K factor, with the impedance of the VTM module in
series. In step-down VTM ratios, the effective capacitance is increased
by the K factor. The effective ESR of the capacitor is decreased by the
square of the K factor, but the impedance of the VTM module appears
in series. Still, in most step-down VTM modules an electrolytic
capacitor placed at the input of the module will have a lower effective
impedance compared to an electrolytic capacitor placed at the output.
This is important to consider when placing capacitors at the output of
the current multiplier. Even though the capacitor may be placed at the
output, the majority of the AC current will be sourced from the lower
impedance, which in most cases will be the VTM current multiplier.
This should be studied carefully in any system design using a VTM
current multiplier. In most cases, it should be clear that electrolytic
output capacitors are not necessary to design a stable,
well-bypassed system.
VTM®1
ZOUT_EQ1
VOUT
RO_1
The overall AC impedance varies from model to model but for most
models it is dominated by DC Rout value from DC to beyond 500 KHz.
ZIN_EQ2
VTM®2
ZOUT_EQ2
RO_2
+
–
DC
Load
ZIN_EQn
VTM®n
ZOUT_EQn
RO_n
Figure 4 — VTM module array
Fuse Selection
In order to provide flexibility in configuring power systems VI Chip®
products are not internally fused. Input line fusing of VI Chip products
is recommended at system level to provide thermal protection in case
of catastrophic failure.
The fuse shall be selected by closely matching system
requirements with the following characteristics:
n Current rating (usually greater than maximum
VTM module current)
n Maximum voltage rating (usually greater than the maximum
possible input voltage)
n Ambient temperature
n Nominal melting I2t
Current Sharing
The SAC™ topology bases its performance on efficient transfer of
energy through a transformer without the need of closed loop control.
For this reason, the transfer characteristic can be approximated by an
ideal transformer with some resistive drop and positive
temperature coefficient.
This type of characteristic is close to the impedance characteristic of a
DC power distribution system, both in behavior (AC dynamic) and
absolute value (DC dynamic).
Reverse Operation
The MVTM is capable of reverse operation.
If a voltage is present at the output which satisfies the condition VOUT >
VIN • K at the time the VC voltage is applied, or after the unit has
started, then energy will be transferred from secondary to primary. The
input to output ratio will be maintained. The MVTM will continue to
operate in reverse as long as the input and output are within the
specified limits. The MVTM has not been qualified for continuous
operation (>10 ms) in the reverse direction.
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MVTM36 Series
Product Outline & Recommended Land Pattern; Full VIC SMD, 18 pin
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
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Product Outline & Recommended Land Pattern; Full VIC TH, 60 pin
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
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MVTM36 Series
Recommended Heat Sink Push Pin Location; Full
(NO GROUNDING CLIPS)
(WITH GROUNDING CLIPS)
Notes:
1. Maintain 3.50 (0.138) Dia. keep-out zone
free of copper, all PCB layers.
2. (A) Minimum recommended pitch is 39.50 (1.555).
This provides 7.00 (0.275) component
edge-to-edge spacing, and 0.50 (0.020)
clearance between Vicor heat sinks.
(B) Minimum recommended pitch is 41.00 (1.614).
This provides 8.50 (0.334) component
edge-to-edge spacing, and 2.00 (0.079)
clearance between Vicor heat sinks.
3. VI Chip® module land pattern shown for reference
only; actual land pattern may differ.
Dimensions from edges of land pattern
to push–pin holes will be the same for
all full-size VI Chip® products.
5. Unless otherwise specified:
Dimensions are mm (inches)
tolerances are:
x.x (x.xx) = ±0.3 (0.01)
x.xx (x.xxx) = ±0.13 (0.005)
4. RoHS compliant per CST–0001 latest revision.
6. Plated through holes for grounding clips (33855)
shown for reference, heat sink orientation and
device pitch will dictate final grounding solution.
VTM® Current Multiplier
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MVTM36 Series
Mechanical Drawing; Half VIC SMT, 12 pin
VTM® Current Multiplier
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MVTM36 Series
Recommended Heat Sink Push Pin Location; Half
(NO GROUNDING CLIPS)
(WITH GROUNDING CLIPS)
Notes:
1. Maintain 3.50 (0.138) Dia. keep-out zone
3. VI Chip® module land pattern shown
5. Unless otherwise specified:
free of copper, all PCB layers.
for reference only, actual land pattern may differ.
Dimensions are mm (inches)
Dimensions from edges of land pattern
tolerances are:
2. (A) minimum recommended pitch is 24.00 (0.945)
to push–pin holes will be the same for
x.x (x.xx) = ±0.13 (0.01)
this provides 7.50 (0.295) component
all half size V•I Chip Products.
x.xx (x.xxx) = ±0.13 (0.005)
4. RoHS compliant per CST–0001 latest revision.
6. Plated through holes for grounding clips (33855)
edge–to–edge spacing, and 0.50 (0.020)
clearance between Vicor heat sinks.
(B) Minimum recommended pitch is 25.50 (1.004).
shown for reference. Heat sink orientation and
This provides 9.00 (0.354) component
device pitch will dictate final grounding solution.
edge–to–edge spacing, and 2.00 (0.079)
clearance between Vicor heat sinks.
VTM® Current Multiplier
Rev 1.3
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MVTM36 Series
Revision History
Revision
Date
1.0
3/2014
1.1
Description
Page
Number(s)
Initial Release
n/a
11/25/2014
Typ value of VC Internal Resistor
12
1.2
1/07/2015
Updated 3 V part to B version
5
1.3
07/??/15
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MVTM36 Series
Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density AC-DC and DC-DC modules and
accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC and DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom
power systems.
Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. Vicor makes no
representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication. Vicor reserves the right to make
changes to any products, specifications, and product descriptions at any time without notice. Information published by Vicor has been checked and
is believed to be accurate at the time it was printed; however, Vicor assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies. Testing and other quality controls are
used to the extent Vicor deems necessary to support Vicor’s product warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all
parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions
All sales are subject to Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale, which are available on Vicor’s webpage or upon request.
Product Warranty
In Vicor’s standard terms and conditions of sale, Vicor warrants that its products are free from non-conformity to its Standard Specifications (the
“Express Limited Warranty”). This warranty is extended only to the original Buyer for the period expiring two (2) years after the date of shipment
and is not transferable.
UNLESS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY STATED IN A WRITTEN SALES AGREEMENT SIGNED BY A DULY AUTHORIZED VICOR SIGNATORY, VICOR DISCLAIMS
ALL REPRESENTATIONS, LIABILITIES, AND WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND (WHETHER ARISING BY IMPLICATION OR BY OPERATION OF LAW) WITH
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PARTICULAR PURPOSE, INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT, OR ANY OTHER MATTER.
This warranty does not extend to products subjected to misuse, accident, or improper application, maintenance, or storage. Vicor shall not be liable
for collateral or consequential damage. Vicor disclaims any and all liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit and assumes
no liability for applications assistance or buyer product design. Buyers are responsible for their products and applications using Vicor products and
components. Prior to using or distributing any products that include Vicor components, buyers should provide adequate design, testing and
operating safeguards.
Vicor will repair or replace defective products in accordance with its own best judgment. For service under this warranty, the buyer must contact
Vicor to obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and shipping instructions. Products returned without prior authorization will be
returned to the buyer. The buyer will pay all charges incurred in returning the product to the factory. Vicor will pay all reshipment charges if the
product was defective within the terms of this warranty.
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VICOR’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS
PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF VICOR CORPORATION. As used herein, life support
devices or systems are devices which (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life and whose failure to perform
when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the
user. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the
failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Per Vicor Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of Vicor products
and components in life support applications assumes all risks of such use and indemnifies Vicor against all liability and damages.
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Vicor and its subsidiaries own Intellectual Property (including issued U.S. and Foreign Patents and pending patent applications) relating to the
products described in this data sheet. No license, whether express, implied, or arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is
granted by this document. Interested parties should contact Vicor's Intellectual Property Department.
The products described on this data sheet are protected by the following U.S. Patents Numbers:
5,945,130; 6,403,009; 6,710,257; 6,911,848; 6,930,893; 6,934,166; 6,940,013; 6,969,909; 7,038,917; 7,145,186; 7,166,898; 7,187,263;
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email
Customer Service: [email protected]
Technical Support: [email protected]
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