ATMEL AT83C24NDS-PRTIL Smart card reader interface with power management Datasheet

Features
• Smart Card Interface
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
– Compliance with ISO 7816, EMV2000, GIE-CB, GSM and WHQL Standards
Card Clock Stop High or Low for Card Power-down Modes
Support Synchronous Cards with C4 and C8 Contacts
Card Detection and Automatic de-activation Sequence
Programmable Activation Sequence
– Direct Connection to the Smart Card
Logic Level Shifters
Short Circuit Current Limitation (see electrical characteristics)
8kV+ ESD Protection (MIL/STD 883 Class 3)
– Programmable Voltage
5V ±5% at 65 mA (Class A)
3V ±0.2V at 65 mA (Class B)
1.8V ±0.14V at 40 mA
– Low Ripple Noise: < 200 mV
Versatile Host Interface
– ICAM (Conditional Access) Compatible
– Two Wire Interface (TWI) Link
Programmable Address Allow up to 8 Devices
– Programmable Interrupt Output
– Automatic Level Shifter (1.6V to VCC)
Reset Output Includes
– Power-On Reset (POR)
– Power-Fail Detector (PFD)
High-efficiency Step-up Converter: 80 to 98% Efficiency
Extended Voltage Operation: 3V to 5.5V
Low Power Consumption
– 180 mA Maximum In-rush Current
– 30 μA Typical Power-down Current (without Smart Card)
4 to 48 MHz Clock Input, 7 MHz Min for Step-up Converter (for AT83C24)
18 to 48MHz Clock input (for AT83C24NDS)
Industrial Temperature Range: -40 to +85°C
Packages: SO28 and QFN28
Smart Card
Reader
Interface with
Power
Management
AT83C24B
AT83C24NDS
Description
The AT83C24 is a smart card reader interface IC for smart card reader/writer applications such as EFT/POS terminals and set top boxes. It enables the management of
any type of smart card from any kind of host. Up to 8 AT83C24 can be connected in
parallel using the programmable TWI address.
Its high efficiency DC/DC converter, low quiescent current in standby mode makes it
particularly suited to low power and portable applications. The reduced bill of material
allows reducing significantly the system cost. A sophisticated protection system guarantees timely and controlled shutdown upon error conditions.
The AT83C24NDS is a dedicated version approved by NDS for use with NDS VideoGuard conditional access software in set-top boxes. All AT83C24 datasheet is
applicable to AT83C24NDS. The main differences between AT83C24 and
AT83C24NDS are listed below:
1/ CLASS A card supplied with CVCC = 4.75 to 5.25V for AT83C24NDS,
CLASS A card supplied with CVCC = 4.6 to 5.25V for AT83C24
2/ 18MHz minimum on input clock for AT83C24NDS
3/ Up to 10µF for capacitor connected on CVCC pin for AT83C24,
3.3µF mandatory for AT83C24NDS
4234F–SCR–10/05
Acronyms
TWI: Two-wire Interface
POR: Power On Reset
PFD: Power Fail Detect
ART: Automatic Reset Transition
ATR: Answer To Reset
MSB: Most Significant Bit
LSB: Least Significant bit
SCIB: Smart Card Interface Bus
Block Diagram
VCC
DVCC
EVCC
RESET
VSS
CVSS
LI
CVCC
Voltage
supervisor
POR/PFD
DC/DC
Converter
CVCCIN
PRES/ INT
A2/CK, A1/RST, A0/3V, CMDVCC
SCL
SDA
TWI
Controller
Main
Control
& Logic Unit
Timer
16 Bits
Clocks Controller
CLK
Analog
Drivers
CPRES
CRST
CIO, CC4, CC8
I/O, C4, C8
2
CCLK
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Pin Description
6
CVSS
LI
7
8
22
21
CVCC
CVCCin
EVCC
A2/CK
A1/RST
VSS
VCC
3
CVSS
4
A0 /3V
9
20
10
19
SCL
SDA
CRST
11
18
NC
CCLK
17
CIO
NC
12
13
16
CC8
CC4
14
15
CPRES
LI
CVCC
CVCCin
C4
I/O
CLK
28 27 26 25 24 23 22
1
21
20
2
19
QFN 28
EVCC
A2 /CK
A1 /RST
18
A0 /3V
5
17
SCL
6
16
TOP VIEW
8
SDA
15 NC
9 10 11 12 13 14
7
CIO
VCC
24
23
5
CMDVCC
CC8
25
PRES/INT
PRES/INT
C4
I/O
CPRES
3
4
C8
RESET
NC
CLK
27
26
CC4
28
2
RESET
1
CCLK
C8
DVCC
CMDVCC
VSS
Note:
QFN28 pinout
DVCC
28-pin SOIC Pinout
CRST
Pinouts (Top View)
1. NC = Not Connected
2. SOIC and QFN packages are available for AT83C24 and for AT83C24NDS
Signals
Table 1. Ports Description
Pad Name
Pad Internal
Power Supply
ESD
Limits
Pad
Type
Description
Microcontroller Interface Function:
TWI bus slave address selection input.
A2/CKA1/RST-
EVCC
3 kV
I
A0/3V
A2/CK and A1/RST pins are respectively connected to CCLK and CRST signals in
“transparent mode” (see page 17 ).
A0/3V is used for hardware activation to select CVCC voltage (3V or 5V).
The slave address of the device is based on the value present on A2, A1, A0 on the
rising edge of RESET pin (see Table 2). In fact, the address is taken internally at the 11th
CLK rising edge.
Microcontroller Interface Function:
Depending on IT_SEL value (see CONFIG4 register),
PRES/INT
EVCC
3 kV
O
opendrain
PRES/INT outputs card presence status or interruptions (page 9)
An internal Pull-up (typ 330kΩ,see Table 18)to EVCC can be activated in the pad if
necessary using INT_PULLUP bit (CONFIG4 register).
Remark: during power up and before registers configuration, the PRES/INT signal must
be ignored.
Microcontroller Interface Function:
•
•
I/O
RESET
VCC
3 kV
opendrain
•
•
Power-on reset
A low level on this pin keeps the AT83C24 under reset even if applied on power-on.
It also resets the AT83C24 if applied when the AT83C24 is running (see Power
monitoring §).
Asserting RESET when the chip is in Shut-down mode returns the chip to normal
operation.
AT83C24 is driving the Reset pin Low on power-on-reset or if power fail on VCC or
DVCC (see POWERMON bit in CONFIG4 register), this can be used to reset or
interrupt other devices. After reset, AT83C24 needs to be reconfigured before
starting a new card session.
3
4234F–SCR–10/05
Table 1. Ports Description (Continued)
Pad Name
Pad Internal
Power Supply
SDA
VCC
SCL
VCC
ESD
Limits
3 kV
3 kV
Pad
Type
I/O
opendrain
I/O
opendrain
Description
Microcontroller Interface Function
TWI serial data
Microcontroller Interface Function
TWI serial clock
Microcontroller Interface Function
I/O
EVCC
3 kV
Copy of CIO pin and high level reference for EVCC.
I/O
An external pull up to EVCC is needed on IO pin.
I/O is the reference level for EVCC if EVCC is connected to a capacitor.
This feature is unused if EVCC is connected to VCC.
3 kV
C4
EVCC
C8
EVCC
CLK
EVCC
CIO
CVCC
8 kV+
CC4
CVCC
8 kV+
CC8
CVCC
8 kV+
I/O
Microcontroller Interface Function
(pull-up) Copy of Card CC4.
3 kV
I/O
Microcontroller Interface Function
(pull-up) Copy of Card CC8.
3 kV
I
I/O
Microcontroller Interface Function
Master Clock
Smart card interface function
(pull-up) Card I/O
I/O
Smart card interface function
(pull-up) Card C4
I/O
Smart card interface function
(pull-up) Card C8
Smart card interface function
I
Card presence
(pull-up) An internal Pull-up to VCC can be activated in the pad if necessary using PULLUP bit
(CONFIG1 register).
CPRES
VCC
8 kV+
CCLK
CVCC
8 kV+
O
CRST
CVCC
8 kV+
O
CMDVCC
EVCC
VCC
3 kV+
3 kV+
I
(pull-up)
PWR
Smart card interface function
Card clock
Smart card interface function
Card reset
Microcontroller Interface Function:
Activation/Shutdown of the smart card Interface.
Supply Voltage
VCC is used to power the internal voltage regulators and I/O buffers.
DC/DC Input
LI
4
3 kV+
PWR
LI must be tied to VCC pin through an external coil (typically 4.7 μH) and provides the
current for the charge pump of the DC/DC converter.
It may be directly connected to VCC if the step-up converter is not used (see STEPREG
bit in CONFIG4 register and see minimum VCC values in Table 20 (class A) and
Table 21 (class B)).
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Table 1. Ports Description (Continued)
Pad Name
Pad Internal
Power Supply
ESD
Limits
Pad
Type
8 kV+
PWR
Description
Card Supply Voltage
CVCC
CVCC is the programmable voltage output for the Card interface.
It must be connected to external decoupling capacitors (see page 34 and page 36).
CVCCin
8 kV+
PWR
Card Supply Voltage
This pin must be connected to CVCC.
Digital Supply Voltage
DVCC
3 kV+
PWR
Is internally generated and used to supply the digital core.
This pin has to be connected to an external capacitor of 100 nF and should not be
connected to other devices.
Extra Supply Voltage (Microcontroller power supply)
EVCC is used to supply the internal level shifters of host interface pins.
EVCC
3 kV+
PWR
EVCC voltage can be supplied from the external EVCC pin connected to the host power
supply.
If EVCC cannot be connected to the host power supply, it must be tied to an external
capacitor. EVCC voltage can be generated internally by an automatic follow up of the
logic high level on the I/O pin. In this configuration, connect a 100 nF + 100kOhms in
parallel between EVCC pin and VSS pin.
CVSS
8 kV+
VSS
GND
GND
Note:
DC/DC Ground
CVSS is used to sink high shunt currents from the external coil.
Ground
ESD Test conditions: 3 positive and 3 negative pulses on each pin versus GND. Pulses generated
according to Mil/STD 883 Class3. Recommended capacitors soldered on CVCC and VCC pins.
5
4234F–SCR–10/05
Operational Modes
TWI Bus Control
The Atmel Two-wire Interface (TWI) interconnects components on a unique two-wire bus, made
up of one clock line and one data line with speeds of up to 400 Kbits per second, based on a
byte-oriented transfer format.
The TWI-bus interface can be used:
–
To configure the AT83C24
–
To select the operating mode of the card: 1.8V, 3V or 5V
–
To configure the automatic activation sequence
–
To start or stop sessions (activation and de-activation sequences)
–
To initiate a warm reset
–
To control the clock to the card in active mode
–
To control the clock to the card in stand-by mode (stop LOW, stop HIGH or running)
–
To enter or leave the card stand-by or power-down modes
–
To select the interface (connection to the host I/O / C4/ C8)
–
To request the status (card present or not, over-current and out of range supply
voltage occurrence)
–
To drive and monitor the card contacts by software
–
To accurately measure the ATR delay when automatic activation is used
TWI Commands
Frame Structure
The structure of the TWI bus data frames is made of one or a series of write and read commands completed by STOP.
Write commands to the AT83C24 have the structure:
ADDRESS BYTE + COMMAND BYTE + DATA BYTE(S)
Read commands to the AT83C24 have the structure:
ADDRESS BYTE + DATA BYTE(S)
The ADDRESS BYTE is sampled on A2/CK, A1/RST, A0/3V after each reset (hard/soft/general
call) but A2/CK, A1/RST, A0/3V can be used for transparent mode after the reset.
Figure 1. Data transfer on TWI bus
SDA
Adresse byte
SCL
1
start condition
6
acknowledgement
from slave
command
and/or data
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
stop condition
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Address Byte
The first byte to send to the device is the address byte. The device controls if the hardware
address (A2/CK, A1/RST, A0/3V pins on reset) corresponds to the address given in the
address byte (A2, A1, A0 bits).
If the level is not stable on A2/CK pin (or A1/RST pin, or A0/3V pin) at reset, the user has to send
the commands to the possible address taken by the device.
If A2/CK to A0/3V are tied to the host microcontroller and their reset values are unknown, a general call on the TWI bus allows to reset all the AT83C24 devices and set their address after
A2/CK to A0/3V are fixed.
Figure 2. Address Byte
b7
b6
b5
b4
b3
b2
b1
b0
0
1
0
0
A2
A1
A0
R/W
Slave Address on 7 Bits
1 for READ Command
0 for WRITE Command
Up to 8 devices can be connected on the same TWI bus. Each device is configured with a different combination on A2/CK, A1/RST, A0/3V pins. The corresponding address byte values for
read/write operations are listed below.
Table 2. Address Byte Values
A2
(A2/CK pin)
A1
(A1/RST pin)
A0
(A0/3V pin)
Address Byte
for
Read
Command
Address Byte
for
Write
Command
0
0
0
0x41
0x40
0
0
1
0x43
0x42
0
1
0
0x45
0x44
0
1
1
0x47
0x46
1
0
0
0x49
0x48
1
0
1
0x4B
0x4A
1
1
0
0x4D
0x4C
1
1
1
0x4F
0x4E
7
4234F–SCR–10/05
Write Commands
The write commands are:
1. Reset:
Initializes all the logic and the TWI interface as after a power-up or power-fail reset. If a
smart card is active when RESET falls, a deactivation sequence is performed. This is a onebyte command.
2. Write Config:
Configures the device according to the last six bits in the CONFIG0 register and to the following four bytes in CONFIG1, CONFIG2, CONFIG3 then CONFIG4 registers. This is a
five bytes command.
Figure 3. Command byte format for Write CONFIG0 command
b7
b6
b5
b4
b3
b2
b1
b0
1
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
CONFIG0 on 6 Bits
3. Write Timer:
Program the 16-bit automatic reset transition timer with the following two bytes. This is a
three bytes command.
4. Write Interface:
Program the interface. This is a one-byte command. The MSB of the command byte is fixed
at 0.
5. General Call Reset:
A general call followed by the value 06h has the same effect as a Reset command.
Table 3. Write Commands Description
Address Byte
Data Byte
2
Data Byte
3
Data Byte
4
(10 + CONFIG0 6
bits)
CONFIG1
CONFIG2
CONFIG3
CONFIG4
0100 A2A1A00
1111 1100
TIMER1
TIMER0
0100 A2A1A00
(0+INTERFACE 7
bits)
0000 0000
0000 0110
Command Byte
1. Reset
0100 A2A1A00
1111 1111
2. Write config
0100 A2A1A00
3. Write Timer
4. Write Interface
5. General Call
Reset
8
Data Byte
1
(See Table 2)
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Read Command
After the slave address has been configured, the read command allows to read one or several
bytes in the following order:
•
STATUS, CONFIG0, CONFIG1, CONFIG2, CONFIG3, INTERFACE, TIMER1, TIMER0,
CAPTURE1, CAPTURE0
•
FFh is completing the transfer if the microcontroller attempts to read beyond the last byte.
Note:
Flags are only reset after the corresponding byte read has been acknowledged by the master.
Table 4. Read Command Description
Interrupts
Byte Description
Byte Value
Address byte
0100 A2A1A01
Data byte 1
STATUS
Data byte 2
CONFIG0
Data byte 3
CONFIG1
Data byte 4
CONFIG2
Data byte 5
CONFIG3
Data byte 6
CONFIG4
Data byte 7
INTERFACE
Data byte 8
TIMER 1 (MSB)
Data byte 9
TIMER 0 (LSB)
Data byte 10
CAPTURE 1 (MSB)
Data byte 11
CAPTURE 0 (LSB)
Data byte 12
0xFF
The PRES/INT behavior depends on IT_SEL bit value (see CONFIG4 register).
•
If IT_SEL= 0, the PRES/INT output is High by default (on chip pull up or open drain).
PRES/INT is driven Low by any of the following event:
–
INSERT bit set in CONFIG0 register (card insertion/extraction or bit set by software )
–
VCARD_INT bit set in STATUS register (the DC/DC output voltage has settled)
–
over-current detection on CVCC
–
VCARDERR bit set in CONFIG0 register (out of range voltage on CVCC or bit set by
software)
–
ATRERR bit set in CONFIG0 register (no ATR before the card clock counter
overflows or bit set by software).This control of ATR timing is only available if ART bit
=1.
If IT_SEL=0, a read command of STATUS register and of CONFIG0 register will release
PRES/INT pin to high level.
Several AT83C24 devices can share the same interrupt and the microcontroller can identify
the interrupt sources by polling the status of the AT83C24 devices using TWI commands.
•
If IT_SEL= 1 (mandatory for NDS applications and for software compatibility with existing
devices) the PRES/INT output is High to indicate a card is present and none of the following
event has occured:
9
4234F–SCR–10/05
–
over-current detection on CVCC
–
VCARDERR bit set in CONFIG0 register (out of range voltage on CVCC or bit set by
software)
Card Presence Detection
The card presence is provided by the CPRES pin. The polarity of card presence contact is
selected with the CARDDET bit (see CONFIG1 register). A programmable filtering is controlled
with the CDS[2-0] bits (see CONFIG1 register).
An internal pull-up on the CPRES pin can be disconnected in order to reduce the consumption,
an external pull-up must then be connected to VCC. The PULLUP bit (see CONFIG1 register)
controls this feature.
The card presence switch is usually connected to Vss (card present if CPRES=1). The CARDDET bit must be set. The internal pull up can be connected.
If the card presence contact is connected to Vcc (card present if CPRES=0), the internal pull-up
must be disconnected (see PULLUP bit) and an external pull-down must be connected to the
CPRES pin.
An interrupt can be generated if a card is inserted or extracted (see interrupts §).
Figure 4. Card Presence Input
VCC
External
Pull-up
VCC
(See Table 18)
Card
Contact
Presence
Internal
Pull-up
PULLUP Bit
CARDDET Bit
= 1 Closed
= 0 Open
VSS
CPRES
FILTERING
VCC
EVCC
Card
Contact
Presence
= 1 Closed
= 0 Open
INT_PULLUP Bit
CDS[2-0]
IT_SEL Bit
CARDIN bit
= 1 Card Inserted
= 0 No Card
PRES/INT
External
Pull-down
= 1 No Card if CPRES = 0
= 0 No Card if CPRES = 1
IT Controller
VSS
10
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
CIO, CC4, CC8 Controller
The CIO, CC4, CC8 output pins are driven respectively by CARDIO, CARDC4, CARDC8 bits
values or by I/O, C4, C8 signal pins. This selection depends of the IODIS bit value. If IODIS is
reset, data are bidirectional between respectively I/O, C4, C8 pins and CIO, CC4, CC8 pins.
Figure 5. CIO, CC4, CC8 Block Diagram
CVCC
I/O
0
EVCC
CARDIO bit
C4
CIO
1
CVCC
0
EVCC
CARDC4 bit
C8
1
CC4
CVCC
0
CARDC8 bit
CC8
1
IODIS bit
IO and CIO pins are linked together through the on chip level shifters if IODIS bit=0 in INTERFACE register. This is done automatically during an hardware activation.
Their iddle level are 1. With IO high, CIO is pulled up.
The same behavior is applicable on C4/ CC4 and C8/ CC8 pins.
The maximum frequency on those lines depends on CLK frequency (3 clock rising edges to
transfer). With CLK=27MHz, the maximum frequency on this line is 1.5MHz.
Due to the minimum transfer delay allowed for NDS applications, the CLK minimum frequency is
18MHz.
Clock Controller
The clock controller generates two clocks (as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7):
1. a clock for the CCLK: Four different sources can be used: CLK pin, DCCLK signal,
CARDCK bit or A2/CK pin (in transparent mode).
2. a clock for DC/DC converter.
11
4234F–SCR–10/05
Figure 6. Clock Block Diagram with Software Activation (see page 14)
CLK
A2/CK
DCCLK
DCK[2:0]
DC/DC
CKS[2:0]
0
CCLK
1
CARDCK bit
CKSTOP bit
Figure 7. Clock Block Diagram with Hardware Activation (see page 14)
CLK
A2/CK
DCCLK
DCK[2:0]
DC/DC
CKS[2:0]
0
CCLK
1
CARDCK bit
CMDVCC
Hardware
activation
A1/RST
CKSTOP bit
CRST_SEL bit
CRST Controller
The CRST output pin is driven by the A1/RST pin signal pin or by the CARDRST bit value. This
selection depends of the CRST_SEL bit value (see CONFIG4 register).
If the CRST pin signal is driven by the CARDRST bit value, two modes are available:
12
•
If the ART bit is reset, CRST pin is driven by CARDRST bit.
•
If the ART bit is set, CRST pin is controlled and follows the “Automatic Reset Transition”
(page 15).
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Figure 8. CRST Block Diagram with soft activation
0
CARDRST bit
tb delay
1
see Fig 12
0
ART bit
CRST
1
CRST_SEL bit = 0
Figure 9. CRST Block Diagram with Hardware Activation (CMDVCC pin used)
0
CARDRST bit
1
ART bit
A1/RST
0
CRST
1
CMDVCC
Hardware
activation
CRST_SEL bit = 1
CMDVCC
deactivation
activation
13
4234F–SCR–10/05
Activation Sequence
Hardware Activation (DC/DC started with CMDVCC)
Initial conditions:
CARDDET bit must be configured in accordance to the smart card connector polarity.
IT_SEL bit, CRST_SEL bit (see CONFIG4 register) must be set and CARDRST bit (see INTERFACE register) must be cleared. A smart card must be detected to enable to start the DC/DC
(CVCC= 3V or 5V).
The hardware activation sequence is started by hardware with CMDVCC pin going high to low. It
follows this automatic sequence:
•
CIO / CC4 / CC8 and IO / C4 / C8 are respectively linked together (IODIS bit is cleared).
•
The DC/DC is started and CVCC is set according to the A0/3V pin: 5V (Class A) if A0/3V is
High and 3V (Class B) is A0/3V is Low.
•
CCLK signal is enabled (CKSTOP bit cleared) when CVCC has settled to the programmed
voltage (see Electrical Characteristics) and the level on A1/RST is 0. The CCLK source can
be DCCLK signal, CLK signal , A2/CK signals or CARDCK bit (see Figures 5).
•
CRST signal is linked with A1/RST pin as soon as A1/RST pin level is 0. A rising edge on
A1/RST pin set the CRST pin.
Note:
1. The card must be deactivated to change the voltage.
Figure 10. Activation sequence with CMDVCC
CMDVCC
A1/RST
CCLK
CVCC
CRST
CIO
Note:
14
For NDS applications, the host usually starts activation with A1/RST = 0.
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Software Activation (DC/DC Started With Writing in VCARD[1:0] bits) and ART bit = 1
Initial conditions: CARDRST bit = 0, CKSTOP bit =1, IODIS bit = 1.
The following sequence can be applied:
1. Card Voltage is set by software to the required value (VCARD[1:0] bits in CONFIG0
register). This writing starts the DC/DC.
2. Wait the end of the DC/DC init with a polling on VCARDOK bit (STATUS register) or
wait for PRES/INT to go Low if enabled (if IT_SEL bit = 0 in CONFIG4 register).
When VCARDOK bit is set (by hardware), CARDIO bit should be set by software.
3. CKSTOP, IODIS are programmed by software. CKSTOP bit is reset to have the
clock running. IODIS is reset to drive the I/O, C4, C8 pins and the CIO,CC4, CC8
pins according to each other.
4. CARDRST bit (see INTERFACE register) is set by software.
Automatic Reset Transition description:
A 16-bit counter starts when CARDRST bit is set. It counts card clock cycles. The CRST signal
is set when the counter reaches the TIMER[1-0] value which corresponds to the “tb” time (Figure
11).The counter is reseted when the CRST pin is released and it is stopped at the first start bit of
the Answer To Request (ATR) on CIO pin.
The CIO pin is not checked during the first 200 clock cycles (ta on Figure 11). If the ATR arrives
before the counter reaches Timer[1-0] value, the activation sequence fails, the CRST signal is
not set and the Capture[1-0] register contains the value of the counter at the arrival of the ATR.
If the ATR arrives after the rising edge on CRST pin and before the card clock counter overflows
(65535 clock cycles), the activation sequence completes. The Capture[1-0] register contains the
value of the counter at the arrival of the ATR (tc time on Figure 11).
Figure 11. Software activation with ART bit = 1
CARDRST bit set
CVCC
4
3
1
CRST
CCLK
CIO
ta
2
tb
tc
15
4234F–SCR–10/05
ISO 7816 constraints: ta = 200 card clock cycles
400 card clock cycles< = tb
400 card clock cycles< = tc < = 40000 card clock cycles
Note:
Timer[1-0] reset value is 400.
Software Activation (DC/DC Started by Writing in VCARD[1:0] bits) and ART bit = 0
The activation sequence is controlled by software using TWI commands, depending on the
cards to support. For ISO 7816 cards, the following sequence can be applied:
1. Card Voltage is set by software to the required value (VCARD[1:0] bits in CONFIG0
register). This writing starts the DC/DC.
2. Wait of the end of the DC/DC init with a polling on VCARDOK bit (STATUS register)
or wait for PRES/INT to go Low if enabled (if IT_SEL bit = 0 in CONFIG4 register).
When VCARDOK bit is set (by hardware), CARDIO bit should be set by software.
3. CKSTOP, IODIS are programmed by software. CKSTOP bit is reset to have the
clock running. IODIS is reset to drive the I/O, C4, C8 pins and the CIO,CC4, CC8
pins according to each other.
4. CRST pin is controlled by software using CARDRST bit (see INTERFACE register).
Figure 12. Software activation without automatic control (ART bit = 0)
CVCC
CRST
4
1
3
CCLK
CIO
ATR
2
Note:
It is assumed that initially VCARD[1:0], CARDCK, CARDIO and CARDRST bits are cleared,
CKSTOP and IODIS are set (those bits are further explained in the registers description)
Note:
The user should check the AT83C24 status and possibly resume the activation sequence if one
TWI transfer is not acknowledged during the activation sequence.
Deactivation Sequence
The card automatic deactivation is triggered when one the following condition occurs:
•
16
ICARDERR bit is set by hardware
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
•
VCARDERR bit is set by hardware (or by software)
•
INSERT is set and CARDIN is cleared (card extraction)
•
SHUTDOWN is set by software
•
CMDVCC goes from Low to High
•
Power fail on VCC (see POWERMON bit in CONFIG4 register)
•
Reset pin going low
It is a self-timed sequence which cannot be interrupted when started (see Figure 13). Each step
is separated by a delay based on Td equal to 8 periods of the DC/DC clock, typically 2 µs:
1. T0: CARDRST is cleared, SHUTDOWN bit set.
2. T0 + 5 x Td:CARDCK is cleared, CKSTOP, CARDIO and IODIS are set.
3. T0 + 6 x Td: CARDIO is cleared.
4. T0 + 7 x Td: VCARD[1-0] = 00.
Figure 13. Deactivation Sequence
CVCC
CRST
CCLK
CIO,
CC4,
CC8
t1
Notes:
Transparent Mode
t2
Td
1. Setting ICARDERR by software does not trigger a deactivation. VCARDERR can be used to
deactivate the card by software.
2. t1=5 to 5.5*Td, and t2=0.5*Td to Td.
If the microcontroller outputs ISO 7816 signals, a transparent mode allows to connect RST/CLK
and I/O/C4/C8 signals after an electrical level control. The AT83C24 level shifters adapt the card
signals to the smart card voltage selection.
The CRST and CCLK microcontroller signals can be respectively connected to the A1/RST and
A2/CK pins.
The CRST_SEL bit (in CONFIG4 register) selects standard or transparent configuration for the
CRST pin. CKS in CONFIG2 allows to select standard or transparent configuration for the CCLK
pin. So CCLK and CRST are independent. A2/CK to A0/3V inputs always give the TWI address
at reset. The A0/3V pin can be used for TWI addressing and easily connect two AT83C24
devices on the same TWI bus.
17
4234F–SCR–10/05
Figure 14. Transparent Mode Description
Microcontroller
Power Modes
AT83C24
CCLK
A2/CK
CCLK
CRST
A1/RST
CRST
CIO
I/O
CIO
CC4
C4
CC4
CC8
C8
CC8
SMART CARD
Two power-down modes are available to reduce the AT83C24 power consumption (see STUTDOWN bit in CONFIG1 register and LP bits in CONFIG3 register).
To enter in the mode number 4 (see Table 5), the sequence is the following:
–
First select the Low-power mode by setting the LP bit
–
The activation of the SHUTDOWN bit can then be done.
The AT83C24 exits Power-down if a software/hardware reset is done or if SHUTDOWN bit is
cleared. The AT83C24 is then active immediately.
Either a hardware reset or a TWI command clearing the SHUTDOWN bit can cause an exit from
Power-down. The internal registers retain their value during the shutdown mode.
In Power-down mode, the device is sleeping and waiting for a wake up condition.
To reduce power consumption, the User should stop the clock on the CLK input after setting the
SHUTDOWN bit. The clock can be enabled again just before exiting SHUTDOWN (at least 10
µs before a START bit on SDA).
Table 5. Power Modes Description
Typical
Mode
Number
Shutdown
LP
Bit
Bit
1
0
X
STEPREG
VCARD[1:0]
Supply
0
11
160 mA
30 mA
18
Description
Current
Step up mode: VCC = 3V, CVCC = 5V,
Icard = 65mA
Icard = 0
2
0
X
1
11
70 mA
Regulator mode: VCC = 5.25V, CVCC = 5V,
Icvcc = 65mA
3
0
X
X
00
3 mA
DC/DC off, CLK = 10MHz, VCC=3V to 5V
4
1
0
X
00
90 µA
The TWI interface of the AT83C24 is active
but its analog blocs are switched off to reduce
the consumption
5
1
1
X
00
30 µA
Pulsed mode of the internal 3V logic regulator
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Power Monitoring
The AT83C24 needs only one power supply to run: VCC.
If the microcontroller outputs signals with a different electrical level, the host positive supply is
connected to EVCC.
EVCC and VCC pins can be connected together if they have the same voltage.
•
If EVCC and VCC have different electrical levels:
The EVCC pin and RESET pin should be connected with a resistor bridge. RESET pin high
level must be higher than VIH (see Table 19). When EVCC drops, RESET pin level drops
too. A deactivation sequence starts if a card was active.
Then the AT83C24 resets if RESET pin stays low.
•
If EVCC and VCC have the same value, then they should be connected:
The AT83C24 integrates an internal 3V regulator to feed its logic from the VCC supply. The
bit powermon allows the user to select if the internal PFD monitors VCC or the internal regulated 3V. If the PFD monitors VCC (POWERMON bit=0), a deactivation is performed if VCC
falls below VPFDP (see VPFDP value in the datasheet). Same deactivation is performed if
the internal 3V falls below VPFDP and POWERMON bit = 1.
19
4234F–SCR–10/05
Registers
Table 6. CONFIG0 (Config Byte 0)
7
6
5
4
1
0
ATRERR
INSERT
Bit
Number
7-6
3
2
ICARDERR VCARDERR
1
0
VCARD1
VCARD0
Bit Mnemonic Description
1-0
These bits cannot be programmed and are read as 1-0.
Answer to Reset Interrupt
5
ATRERR
This bit is set when the card clock counter overflows (no falling edge on CIO
is received before the overflow of the card clock counter).
This bit is cleared by hardware when this register is read. It can be set by
software for test purpose. The reset value is 0.
Card Insertion Interrupt
This bit is set when a card is inserted or extracted: a change in CARDIN value
filtered according to CDS[2-0]. After power up, if the level on CPRES pin is 0,
then INSERT bit is set.
4
INSERT
It can be set by software for test purpose.
This bit is cleared by hardware when this register is read. It cannot be cleared
by software.
The reset value is 0.
3
ICARDERR
Card Over Current Interrupt
This bit is set when an over current is detected on CVCC. It can be set by
software for test purpose (no card deactivation is performed, no IT is
performed).
This bit is cleared by hardware when this register is read. It cannot be cleared
by software.
The reset value is 0.
2
VCARDERR
Card Out of Range Voltage Interrupt
This bit is set when the output voltage goes out of the voltage range specified
by VCARD field. It can be set by software for test purpose and deactivate the
card.
This bit is cleared by hardware when this register is read. It cannot be cleared
by software.
The reset value is 0.
Card Voltage Selection
VCARD[1:0] = 00: 0V
VCARD[1:0] = 01: 1.8V (see STEPREG bit)
VCARD[1:0] = 10: 3V
VCARD[1:0] = 11: 5V
1-0
VCARD[1:0]
VCARD[1:0] writing to 1.8V, 3V, 5V starts the DC/DC if a card is detected.
VCARD[1:0] writing to 0 stops the DC/DC.
No card deactivation is performed when the voltage is changed between
1.8V, 3V or 5V. The microcontroller should deactivate the card before
changing the voltage.
The reset value is 00.
20
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Table 7. CONFIG 1 (Config Byte 1)
Bit
Number
7
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
ART
SHUTDOWN
CARDDET
PULLUP
CDS2
CDS1
CDS0
Bit
Mnemonic Description
X
This bit should not be set.
Automatic Reset Transition
Set this bit to have the CRST pin changed according to activation sequence.
6
ART
Clear this bit to have the CRST pin immediately following the value programmed
in CARDRST.
The reset value is 0.
Shutdown
5
SHUTDOWN
Set this bit to reduce the power consumption. An automatic de-activation
sequence will be done.
Clear this bit to enable VCARD[1:0] selection.
The reset value is 0.
Card Presence Detection Polarity
Set this bit to indicate the card presence detector is closed when no card is
inserted (CPRES is low).
4
CARDDET Clear this bit to indicate the card presence detector is open when no card is
inserted (CPRES is high).Changing CARDDET will set INSERT bit (see
CONFIG0) even if no card is inserted or extracted.
The reset value is 0.
Pull-up Enable
Set this bit to enable the internal pull-up on the CPRES pin. This allows to
minimize the number of external components.
3
PULLUP
Clear this bit to disable the internal pull-up and minimize the power consumption
when the card detection contact is on. Then an external pull-up must be
connected to VCC (typically a 1 MΩ resistor).
The reset value is 1.
Card Detection filtering
CPRES is sampled by the master clock provided on CLK input. A change on
CPRES is detected after:
CDS[2-0] = 0: 0 sample(1)
CDS[2-0] = 1: 4 identical samples
CDS [2-0] = 2: 8 identical samples (reset value)
CDS[2-0] = 3: 16 identical samples
CDS[2-0] = 4: 32 identical samples
CDS[2-0] = 5: 64 identical samples
2-0
CDS[2:0]
CDS[2-0] = 6: 128 identical samples
CDS[2-0] = 7: 256 identical samples
The reset value is 2.
Note:
When CDS[2-0] = 0 and IT_SEL = 0, PRES/INT = 1 when no
card is present and PRES/INT = 0 when a card is inserted
even if CLK is STOPPED. This can be used to wake up the
external microcontroller and restart CLK when a card is
inserted in the AT83C24.
If CDS[2-0] = 0, IT_SEL = 1 and CLK is stopped, a card insertion or
extraction has no effect on PRES/INT pin.
21
4234F–SCR–10/05
Table 8. CONFIG2 (Config Byte 2)
Bit
Number
7
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
DCK2
DCK1
DCK0
X
CKS2
CKS1
CKS0
Bit
Mnemonic Description
X
This bit should not be set.
DC/DC Clock prescaler factor
DCCLK is the DC/DC clock. It is the division of CLK input by DCK prescaler.
DCK = 0: prescaler factor equals 1 (CLK = 4 to 4.61MHz)
DCK [2:0] = 1: prescaler factor equals 2 (CLK = 7 to 9.25MHz)
DCK [2:0] = 2: prescaler factor equals 4 (CLK = 14 to 18.5 MHz)
DCK [2:0] = 3: prescaler factor equals 6 (CLK = 21 to 27.6 MHz)
DCK [2:0] = 4: prescaler factor equals 8 (CLK = 28 to 34.8 MHz)
6-4
DCK[2:0]
DCK [2:0] = 5: prescaler factor equals 10 (CLK = 35 to 43 MHz)
DCK [2:0] = 6: prescaler factor equals 12 (CLK = 43.1 to 48 MHz)
DCK [2:0] = 7: reserved
The reset value is 1.
DCCLK must be as close as possible to 4 MHz with a duty cycle of 50%.
DCK must be programmed before starting the DC/DC.
The other values of CLK are not allowed.
DCK has to be properly configured before resetting the STEPREG bit.
3
X
This bit should not be set.
Card Clock prescaler factor
CKS [2:0] = 0: CCLK = CLK (then the maximum frequency on CLK is 24 MHz)
CKS [2:0] = 1: CCLK = DCCLK (DC/DC clock)
CKS [2:0] = 2: CCLK = DCCLK / 2
2-0
CKS[2:0]
CKS [2:0] = 3: CCLK = DCCLK / 4
CKS [2:0] = 4: CCLK = A2
CKS [2:0] = 5: CCLK = A2 / 2
CKS [2:0] = 6: CCLK = CLK / 2
CKS [2:0] = 7: CCLK = CLK / 4
The reset value is 0.
Notes:
22
1. When this register is changed, a special logic insures no glitch occurs on the CCLK pin and
actual configuration changes can be delayed by half a period to two periods of CCLK.
2. CCLK must be stopped with CKSTOP bit before switching from CKS = (0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7) to CKS
= (4, 5) or vice versa.
3. When DCK = 0, only CKS=4 and CKS=5 are allowed.
4. The user can’t directly select A2 or A2/2 after a reset or when switching from CKS = (0, 1, 2, 3,
6, 7) to CKS = (4, 5). To select A2, the user should select A2/2 first and after A2. To select
A2/2, the user should select A2 first and after A2/2.
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Table 9. CONFIG3 (Config Byte 3)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EAUTO
VEXT1
VEXT0
ICCADJ
LP
X
X
X
Bit
Number
Bit
Mnemonic Description
EVCC voltage configuration:
EAUTO VEXT1 VEXT0
EAUTO
7-5
VEXT1
VEXT0
0
0
0 EVCC = 0 the regulator is switched off.
0
0
1EVCC = 2.3V
0
1
0 EVCC = 1.8V
0
1
1 EVCC = 2.7V
1
X
X EVCC voltage is the level detected on I/O input pin.
if EVCC is supplied from the external EVCC pin, the user can switch off the
internal EVCC regulator to decrease the consumption.
If EVCC is switched off, and no external EVCC is supplied, the AT83C24 is
inactive until a hardware reset is done.
The reset value is 100.
CICC overflow adjust
This bit controls the DC/DC sensitivity to any overflow current .
4
ICCADJ
Set this bit to decrease the DC/DC sensitivity (CICC_ovf is increased by about
20%, see Electrical Characteristics). The start of the DC/DC with a high current
load is easier.
Clear this bit to have a normal configuration.
The reset value is 0.
Low-power Mode
Set this bit to enable low-power mode during shutdown mode (pulsed mode
activated).
Clear this bit to disable low-power mode during shutdown mode.
3
LP
The activation reference is the following:
• First select the Low-power mode by setting LP bit.
• The activation of SHUTDOWN bit can then be done.
This bit as no effect when SHUTDOWN bit is cleared.
The reset value is 0.
2
X
This bit should not be set.
1
X
This bit should not be set.
0
X
This bit should not be set.
23
4234F–SCR–10/05
Table 10. CONFIG4 (Config Byte 4)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
X
X
STEPREG
INT_PULLUP
POWERMON
IT_SEL
CRST_SEL
Bit Number
Bit Mnemonic
7-5
X-X-X
Description
These bits should not be set.
Step Regulator mode
Clear this bit to enable the automatic step-up converter (CVCC is stable even if VCC is not higher than CVCC).
4
STEPREG
Set this bit to permanently disable the step-up converter (CVCC is stable only if VCC is sufficiently higher than
CVCC).
This bit must be set before activating the DC/DC converter if no external coil is present.
The reset value is 0.
This bit must always be set if no external coil is used
Internal pull-up
Set this bit to activate the internal pull-up (connected internally to EVCC) on PRES/INT pin.
3
INT_PULLUP
Clear this bit to deactivate the internal pull-up.
PRES/INT is an open drain output with a programmable internal pull up.
The reset value is 0.
Power monitor
2
POWERMON
Set this bit to monitor any glitch on the Digital Supply Voltage (DVCC) of the AT83C24.
Clear this bit to monitor any glitch on VCC.
The reset value is 0.
Interrupt Select
1
IT_SEL
Set this bit to disable INSERT and VCARD_INT interrupts. Then PRES/INT is pulled up when a card is present
and no error is detected.
Clear this bit to have all the interrupt sources enabled and active Low.
IT_SEL must be set to enable a hardware activation with CMDVCC.
The reset value is 0.
Card Reset Selection
Set this bit to have the CRST pin driven by hardware through the A1 pin (only with hardware activation).
0
CRST_SEL
Clear this bit to have the CRST pin driven by software through the CARDRST bit.
CRST_SEL must be set when CMDVCC is used (hardware activation).
The reset value is 0.
24
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Table 11. INTERFACE (Interface Byte)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
IODIS
CKSTOP
CARDRST
CARDC8
CARDC4
CARDCK
CARDIO
Bit Number
Bit Mnemonic
7
0
Description
This bit should not be set.
Card I/O isolation
6
IODIS
Set this bit to drive the CIO, CC4, CC8 pins according to CARDIO, CARDC4, CARDC8 respectively and to put
I/O, C4, C8 in Hi-Z. This can be used to have the I/O, and C4 and C8 pins of the host communicating with
another AT83C24 interface, while CIO, CC4 and CC8 are driven by software (or if the card is in standby or
power-down modes).
Clear this bit to drive the I/O/CIO, C4/CC4 and C8/CC8 pins according to each other. This can be used to activate
asynchronous cards.
The reset value is 1.
CARD Clock Stop
Set this bit to stop CCLK according to CARDCK. This can be used to set asynchronous cards in power-down
mode (GSM) or to drive CCLK by software.
Clear this bit to have CCLK running according to CKS. This can be used to activate asynchronous cards.
5
CKSTOP
Note:
1. When this bit is changed a special logic ensures that no glitch occurs on the CCLK pin
and actual configuration changes can be delayed by half a period to two periods of
CCLK.
2. CKSTOP must be set before switching on the DC/DC with VCARD[1:0].
The reset value is 1.
Card Reset
4
CARDRST
Set this bit to enter a reset sequence according to ART bit value.
Clear this bit to drive a low level on the CRST pin.
The reset value is 0.
Card C8
3
CARDC8
Set this bit to drive the CC8 pin High with the on-chip pull-up (according to IODIS bit value). The pin can then be
an input (read in STATUS register).
Clear this bit to drive a low level on the CC8 pin (according to IODIS bit value).
The reset value is 0.
Card C4
2
CARDC4
Set this bit to drive the CC4 pin High with the on-chip pull-up (according to IODIS bit value). The pin can then be
an input (read in STATUS register).
Clear this bit to drive a low level on the CC4 pin (according to IODIS bit value).
The reset value is 0.
Card Clock
1
CARDCK
Set this bit to set a high level on the CCLK pin (according to CKSTOP bit value).
Clear this bit to drive a low level on the CCLK pin.
The reset value is 0.
Card I/O
0
CARDIO
Set this bit to drive the CIO pin High with the on-chip pull-up (according to IODIS bit value). The pin can then be
an input (read in STATUS register).
Clear this bit to drive a low level on the CIO pin (according to IODIS bit value).
The reset value is 0.
25
4234F–SCR–10/05
Table 12. STATUS (Status Byte)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CC8
CC4
CARDIN
VCARDOK
X
VCARD_INT
CRST
CIO
Bit Number
Bit Mnemonic
7
CC8
Description
Card CC8
This bit provides the actual level on the CC8 pin when read.
The reset value is 0.
Card CC4
6
CC4
This bit provides the actual level on the CC4 pin when read.
The reset value is 0.
Card Presence Status
5
CARDIN
This bit is set when a card is detected.
It is cleared otherwise.
Card Voltage Status
4
VCARD_OK
This bit is set by the DCDC when the output voltage remains within the
voltage range specified by VCARD[1:0] bits.
It is cleared otherwise.
The reset value is 0.
3
X
This bit should not be set.
Card voltage interrupt
2
VCARD_INT
This bit is set when VCARD_OK bit is set.
This bit is cleared when read by the microcontroller.
The reset value is 0.
Card RST
1
CRST
This bit provides the actual level on the CRST pin when read.
The reset value is 0.
Card I/O
0
CIO
This bit provides the actual level on the CIO pin when read.
The reset value is 0.
Table 13. TIMER 1 (Timer MSB)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit
Number
7-0
Bit
Mnemonic Description
Bits 15 - 8 Timer MSB (bits 15 to 8)
Reset value = 0x00000001
26
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Table 14. TIMER 0 (Timer LSB)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit
Number
Bit
Mnemonic Description
7-0
bits 7 - 0
Timer LSB (bits 7to 0)
Reset value = 0x10010000
Table 15. CAPTURE 1 (Capture MSB)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
bit 15
bit 14
bit 13
bit 12
bit 11
bit 10
bit 9
bit 8
Bit
Number
Bit
Mnemonic Description
7-0
bits 15 - 8
See “software activation with ART = 1”, page 15.
Reset value = 0x00000000
Table 16. CAPTURE 0 (Capture LSB)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
bit 7
bit 6
bit 5
bit 4
bit 3
bit 2
bit 1
bit 0
Bit
Number
7-0
Bit
Mnemonic Description
bits 7 - 0
See “software activation with ART = 1”, page 15.
Reset value = 0x00000000
27
4234F–SCR–10/05
Electrical Characteristics
Absolute Maximum Ratings *
*NOTICE:
Ambient Temperature Under Bias: .....................-40°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature: ................................... -65°C to +150°C
Voltage on VCC: ........................................ VSS -0.5V to +6.0V
Voltage on SCIB pins (***): ......... CVSS -0.5V to CVCC + 0.5V
Voltage on host interface pins:.......VSS -0.5V to EVCC + 0.5V
Voltage on other pins: ...................... VSS -0.5V to VCC + 0.5V
Stresses at or above those listed under “Absolute
Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and
functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the
operational sections of this specification is not
implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions may affect device reliability.
Power Dissipation value is based on the maximum allowable die temperature and the thermal
resistance of the package.
Power Dissipation: .......................................................... 1.5W
Thermal resistor of QFN package..(**)............................35°C/W
Thermal resistor of SO package.................................48°C/W
(**) Exposed die attached pad must be soldered to ground
Thermal resistor are measured on multilayer PCB with 0 m/s air flow.
(***) including shortages between any groups of smart card pins.
AC/DC Parameters EVCC connected to host power supply: from 1.6V to 5.5V.
TA = -40°C to +85°C; VSS = 0V; VCC = 3V to 5.5V.
CLASS A card supplied with CVCC = 4.75 to 5.25V for AT83C24NDS
CLASS A card supplied with CVCC = 4.6 to 5.25V for AT83C24
CLASS B card supplied with CVCC = 2.8V to 3.2V
CLASS C card supplied with CVCC = 1.68V to 1.92V
Table 17. Core (VCC)
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
VPFDP
Power fail high level threshold
2.4
2.5
2.6
V
VPFDM
Power fail low level threshold
2.25
2.35
2.45
V
trise, tfall
VDD rise and fall time
1 μs
600s
Test Conditions
Not tested.
Table 18. Host Interface (I/O, C4, C8, CLK, A2, A1, A0, CMDVCC, PRES/INT)
Symbol
Parameter
Min
VIL
Input Low-voltage
-0.5
VIH
Input High Voltage
0.7 x EVCC
Typ
Max
0.3 x EVCC
0.25 x EVCC
Unit
V
Test Conditions
EVCC from 2.7V to VCC
EVCC from 1.6 to 2.7V
EAUTO=0
EVCC + 0.5
V
EAUTO=1
EVCC from 1.6V to VCC
28
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Table 18. Host Interface (I/O, C4, C8, CLK, A2, A1, A0, CMDVCC, PRES/INT) (Continued)
Symbol
VOL
VOH
EICC
Parameter
Min
Typ
Output Low-voltage (I/O, C4, C8, PRES/INT)
Output High Voltage (C4, C8, PRES/INT)
VOH on I/O depends on external pull up value
0.8 x EVCC
Extra Supply Current
Max
Unit
Test Conditions
0.05
V
IOL = -100 μA
0.4
V
IOL = -1.2 mA
EVCC
V
+3
mA
360
κΩ
EVCC from 1.6V to VCC
IOH = 100 μA
CL = 100 nF
Short to VSS
RPRES/INT
PRES/INT weak pull-up output current
300
330
INT_PULLUP = 0: Internal
pull-up active.
CL = 100 nF, EIcc = +3
mA
Vpeak on I/O from 1.6V to
VCC
EVCC
EVCC pin not connected to a power supply
Vpeak - 10 mV
Vpeak
Vpeak + 25 mV
V
EAUTO = 1:
min duration 1µs,
min frequency 0.1Hz,
spikes <50ns are filtered.
EVCC
EVCC pin connected to a power supply
Vpeak 200mV
EAUTO = 1
CLK
Clock signal for AT83C24
4
48
MHz
If DCK[2:0] =0
(CLK=4MHz to 4.61MHz),
a duty cycle of 50% is
needed.
CLK
Clock signal for AT83C24NDS
18
48
MHz
no constrainst on duty
cycle
Max
Unit
Test Conditions
Table 19. Host Interface (SCL, SDA, RESET)
Symbol
Parameter
VIL
Input Low-voltage
VIH
Input High Voltage
VOL
Output Low-voltage
VHIST
Min
Typ
1.9
-0.5
3
0.7 x VCC
Input trigger hysteresis
V
0.3 x VCC
VCC + 0.5
V
0.4
V
VCC > 4.5V
VCC <= 4.5V
VCC > 4.5V
VCC <= 4.5V
IOL = -3 mA
0.1 x VCC
Table 20. Smart Card Class A
Symbol
CICC
Parameter
Min
Card Supply Current Capability
65
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Conditions
VCC=3V to 5.5V,
mA
65
STEPREG=0
VCC > 5.35V, STEPREG = 1
Card Supply Current Overflow:
CICC_ovf
ICCADJ = 0 (reset value)
66
120
130
ICCADJ = 1
66
130
150
mA
VCC from 3 to 5.5V
29
4234F–SCR–10/05
Table 20. Smart Card Class A
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
60
200
150
350
Unit
Test Conditions
0 < Icard < 60mA CL =10µF
Ripple on CVCC
mV
for AT83C24
0 < Icard < 65mA CL = 3.3µF
for AT83C24NDS
Max. charge 40 nA.s
Spikes on CVCC
4.6
5.3
V
Max. duration 400 ns
Max. Icard variation 200 mA
Vcardok up
Vcardok high level threshold
Vcardok down
Vcardok low level threshold
4.8
4.9
4.6
4.8
4.75
4.8
V
V
AT83C24
AT83C24NDS
Icard = 0, VCC > VPFDP
TVHL
CVCC valid to 0
180
250
500
750
μs
CL = 3.3 μF Icard = 0
CL = 10 μF Icard = 0
(see note 1)
VCC = 3V, CL = 3.3µF
TVLH
Notes:
CVCC 0 to Valid
Icard = 65mA
180
250
110
250
240
300
Icard = 65mA
170
250
Icard = 0mA
μs
Icard = 0mA
VCC = 3V, CL = 10µF
1. Capacitor: X7R type or X5R type, max ESR value is 30mΩ (100kHz-100MHz),
Replacing 3.3µF by 2.2µF in parrallel with 1µF is better for ESR and noise reduction.
Table 21. Smart Card Class B
Symbol
CICC
Parameter
Card Supply Current Capability
Min
Typ
Max
65
Unit
mA
65
Test Conditions
VCC=3V to 5.5V, STEPREG=0
VCC > 5.35V, STEPREG = 1
Card Supply Current Overflow:
CICC_ovf
ICCADJ = 0 (reset value)
66
130
140
ICCADJ = 1
66
140
150
Ripple on CVCC
60
200
350
mA
mV
VCC from 3.0 to 5.5V
0 < Icard < 65mA CL =10µF
0 < Icard < 65mA CL = 3.3µF
Maxi. charge 40 nA.s
Spikes on CVCC
2.76
3.24
V
Max. duration 400 ns
Max. variation Icard 200mA
Vcardok up Vcardok high level threshold
Vcardok
down
Vcardok low level threshold
2.8
3
V
2.76
2.9
V
Icard = 0, VCC > VPFDP
TVHL
30
CVCC valid to 0
130
250
400
500
μs
CL = 3.3 μF Icard = 0
(see note 1)
CL = 10 μF Icard = 0
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Table 21. Smart Card Class B
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
140
250
110
250
Unit
Test Conditions
VCC = 3V, CL = 3.3µF
TVLH
Icard = 65mA
Icard = 0mA
μs
CVCC 0 to Valid
VCC = 3V, CL = 10µF
Notes:
130
250
Icard = 60mA
100
250
Icard = 0mA
1. Capacitor: X7R type or X5R type, max ESR value is 30mΩ (100kHz-100MHz),
Replacing 3.3µF by 2.2µF in parrallel with 1µF is better for ESR and noise reduction.
Table 22. Smart Card Class C
Symbol
CICC
Parameter
Min
Card Supply Current Capability
Typ
Max
40
Unit
mA
Test Conditions
VCC = 3V
Card Supply Current Overflow:
CICC_ovf
ICCADJ = 0 (reset value)
45
mA
ICCADJ = 1
Spikes on CVCC
Vcardok up Vcardok high level threshold
Vcardok
down
TVHL
1.68
V
1.75
1.8
V
1.7
1.75
V
Vcardok low level threshold
CVCC valid to 0
TVLH
1.92
CVCC 0 to valid
180
300
200
300
100
150
50
80
60
100
μs
Icard = 0, CL = 10 μF(1)
CVCC = 1.8V to 0.4V
Icard = 40mA, CL = 10 μF(1)
Icard = 0, CL = 10 μF(1)
μs
Icard = 40mA, CL = 3.3 μF(1)
Icard = 0, CL = 3.3 μF(1)
CVCC = 0.4 to VCARDOK
Notes:
1. Capacitor: X7R type or X5R type, max ESR value is 30mΩ (100kHz-100MHz),
Replacing 3.3µF by 2.2µF in parrallel with 1µF is better for ESR and noise reduction.
Table 23. Smart Card Clock (CCLK pin)
Symbol
Parameter
VOL
Output Low-voltage
VOH
Output High Voltage
IOS
Short Circuit Current
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
0
0.4
V
CVCC - 0.45
CVCC
V
0.7CVCC
CVCC
-30
30
Rise and Fall time
22.5
50
IOL = -200 μA CLASS
A&B&C
IOH = +200 μA CLASS
A&B
CLASS C
mA
Short to GND or CVCC
CL = 30 pF CLASS A
16
tR tF
Test Conditions
ns
CL = 30 pF CLASS B
CL = 30 pF CLASS C
measurement between
10% and 90% of CVCC
31
4234F–SCR–10/05
Table 23. Smart Card Clock (CCLK pin) (Continued)
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
0.2
Test Conditions
CLASS A
CCLK from 0.5 to 4.2V
Rise and Fall Slew rate
0.12
V/ns
CLASS B
CCLK from 0.5 to 0.85 x
CVCC
Low level voltage stability
-0.25
0.5
High level voltage stability
4.2
CVCC+0.25
(taking into account PCB design)
2.35
CVCC+0.25
CVCC-0.4
CVCC+0.25
(taking into account PCB design)
CCLK
Smart card clock frequency
24
V
CLASS A&B&C
CVCC = CLASS A
V
CVCC = CLASS B
CLASS C
MHz
CL = 30pF, CLK=48MHz
Table 24. Smart Card I/O (CIO, CC4, CC8 pins)
Symbol
Parameter
Min
VIL
Input Low-voltage
-0.3V
IIL
Input Low Current
VIH
Input High Voltage
IIH
VOL
Typ
Max
Unit
0.8
V
IIL = 500 µA
700
µA
CVCC = CLASS A&B&C
0.6 x CVCC
CVCC
0.7 x CVCC
CVCC
Input High Current
-20
+20
Output Low-voltage
0
V
Output High Voltage
IOS
Output Short Circuit Current
Low level voltage stability
(taking into account PCB design)
High level voltage stability
(taking into account PCB design)
0.75 x CVCC
CVCC
0.9 x CVCC
CVCC
-15
+15
-0.25
0.6
-0.25
0.4
-0.25
0.4
CVCC-0.5
CVCC+0.25
CVCC = CLASS B & C
IOL = -1 mA CLASS A
V
0.3
VOH
CVCC = CLASS A
μA
0.45
0.3
Test Conditions
IOL = -1 mA CLASS B
IOL = -1 mA CLASS C
V
IOH = 40 μA CLASS
A&B&C
IOH = 0μA, CLASS A&B
mA
Short to GND or CVCC
CLASS A
V
CLASS B
CLASS C
V
CVCC = CLASS A&B&C
CL = 65 pF
CLASS A:
tR tF
Output rise and fall time
0.1
μs
measurement between
0.6V and 70% of CVCC
CLASS B & C:
measurement between
0.4V and 70% of CVCC
tR tF
32
Input rise and fall time
1
μs
CL = 65 pF
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Table 25. Smart Card RST (CRST pin)
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
0.12 x CVCC
VOL
Output Low-voltage
0
0.4
0
Test Conditions
IOL = -20 µA CLASS
A&B&C
V
0.2
IOL = -200 µA CLASS A
IOL = -200 µA CLASS
B&C
VOH
Output High Voltage
0.9*CVCC
CVCC
V
IOS
Output High Current
-15
+15
mA
tR tF
Rise and Fall time
0.1
µs
IOH = 200 µA
CLASS A&B&C
Short to GND or CVCC
CL = 30pF
Low level voltage stability
(taking into account PCB design)
High level voltage stability
(taking into account PCB design)
0.50V
-0.25
0.30V
measurement between
10% and 90% of CVCC
CLASS A
V
0.30V
CLASS B
CLASS C
4.2
CLASS A
2.35
CVCC+0.25
V
CVCC-0.4
CLASS B
CLASS C
Table 26. Card Presence
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
CPRES weak pull-up output current
300
330
360
κΩ
Test Conditions
Short to VSS
RCPRES
PULLUP = 1:
Internal pull-up active
Table 27. TWI (SDA, SCL pins)
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Test Conditions
tSU;DAT
Data set-up time
20
10
ns
Not tested
tHD;DAT
Data hold time
10
0
ns
Not tested
ns
Not tested
tfDA
Fall time on SDA signal
50
33
4234F–SCR–10/05
Typical
Application
Figure 1. Typical Standard Mode Application Diagram for 3 AT83C24 (up to 8 AT83C24 if needed)
VCC
EVCC
100nF
L1
4.7µH
C1
C13
CRST
CIO, CC4, CC8
CPRES
CCLK
CVCC,
AT83C24 CVCCin
A0/3V
SDA,
SCL
pullups
LI
VSS
A1/RST
CVSS
A2/CK
See note
for I/O pull up
VCC
VCC
EVCC
VCC
VCC
2.2µF
VSS
VSS
Reset
pullup
TWI
SCL
SDA
RST
RESET
Card 1
100nF
2.2uF
1uF
C2
C3
C10
CVSS CVSS CVSS
INT0
Px.y
DVCC
PRES/INT
I/O, C4, C8
100nF
CLK
VSS
VCC
EVCC
L2
VSS
SCL
SDA
4 to 48 MHz
LI
VSS
CVSS
A2/CK
2.2µF
VSS
VCC
VCC
A1/RST
XTAL2
C4
VSS
A0/3V
XTAL1
4.7µH
C14
EVCC
Host
MICROCONTROLLER
100nF
CRST
CIO, CC4, CC8
CPRES
CCLK
AT83C24
Card 2
CVCC,
CVCCin
RESET
100nF
2.2uF
1uF
C5
C6
C11
CVSS CVSS CVSS
VSS
DVCC
PRES/INT
I/O, C4, C8
VSS
100nF
CLK
VSS
VCC
100nF
EVCC
L3
4.7µH
C15
C5
LI
VSS
CVSS
A1/RST
VCC
A2/CK
EVCC
VCC
2.2µF
VSS
VSS
CRST
CIO, CC4, CC8
CPRES
CCLK
A0/3V
VSS
SCL
SDA
AT83C24
RESET
PRES/INT
I/O, C4, C8
CVCC,
CVCCin
DVCC
Card 3
100nF
2.2uF
1uF
C8
C9
C12
CVSS CVSS CVSS
100nF
CLK
Note:
34
VSS
1. The external resistor on I/O can be removed if the host pin has an internal resistor.
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
Typical NDS
Application
Figure 2. Typical NDS Standard Mode Application Diagram for 1 AT83C24NDS.
VCC
EVCC
100nF
L1
4.7µH
C1
C13
See note 2
SDA,
SCL
pullups
LI
CVSS
Reset
pullup
TWI
SCL
SDA
RST
RESET
INT0
Px.y
VSS
See note1
for I/O pull up
VCC
VCC
EVCC
VCC
CRST
CIO, CC4, CC8
CCLK
Host
MICROCONTROLLER
XTAL1
Smart
Card 1
PRES/INT
I/O, C4, C8
CVCCin
CVCC
CLK
Px.y
Px.y
Px.y
2.2µF
VSS
VSS
A2/CLK
A1/RST
A0/3V
1uF
2.2uF
100nF
C2
C3
C10
CVSS CVSS CVSS
AT83C24NDS
XTAL2
DVCC
CPRES
card
present
18.432 or 27MHz
100nF
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
Note:
1. The external resistor on I/O can be removed if the host pin has an internal resistor.
2. The internal pull up on PRES/INT is disabled during reset (recommended external 20kOhms
pull up).
3. Refer to application note for AT83C24NDS software configuration.
36
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Ordering Information
Part Number
Supply Voltage
Temperature Range
Package
Packing
AT83C24B-PRTIL(2)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial
QFN28
Tray
AT83C24B-PRRIL(2)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial
QFN28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24B-PRTIM(2)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial
QFN28
Tray
AT83C24B-PRRIM(2)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial
QFN28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24B-TISIL
3V to 5.5V
Industrial
SO28
Stick
AT83C24B-TIRIL
3V to 5.5V
Industrial
SO28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24B-TISIM
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial
SO28
Stick
AT83C24B-TIRIM
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial
SO28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24NDS-PRTIL (1)(2)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial
QFN28
Tray
AT83C24NDS-PRRIL (1)(2)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial
QFN28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24NDS-PRTIM (1)(2)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial
QFN28
Tray
AT83C24NDS-PRRIM (1)(2)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial
QFN28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24NDS-TISIL (1)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial
SO28
Stick
AT83C24NDS-TIRIL (1)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial
SO28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24NDS-TISIM (1)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial
SO28
Stick
AT83C24NDS-TIRIM (1)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial
SO28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24B-PRTUL(2)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
QFN28
Tray
(2)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
QFN28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24B-PRTUM(2)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
QFN28
Tray
AT83C24B-PRRUM(2)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
QFN28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24B-TISUL
3V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
SO28
Stick
AT83C24B-TIRUL
3V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
SO28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24B-TISUM
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
SO28
Stick
AT83C24B-TIRUM
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
SO28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24NDS-PRTUL (1)(2)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
QFN28
Tray
AT83C24NDS-PRRUL (1)(2)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
QFN28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24NDS-PRTUM(1)(2)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
QFN28
Tray
AT83C24NDS-PRRUM (1)(2)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
QFN28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24B-PRRUL
37
4234F–SCR–10/05
Note:
Part Number
Supply Voltage
Temperature Range
Package
Packing
AT83C24NDS-TISUL (1)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
SO28
Stick
AT83C24NDS-TIRUL (1)
3V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
SO28
Tape&Reel
AT83C24NDS-TISUM (1)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
SO28
Stick
AT83C24NDS-TIRUM (1)
4.00V to 5.5V
Industrial & Green
SO28
Tape&Reel
1. Enhanced AC/DC parameters, see first page for differences between AT83C24 and AT83C24NDS.
2. Refer to index mark for proper placement.
38
AT83C24
4234F–SCR–10/05
AT83C24
Package Drawings
QFN28
39
4234F–SCR–10/05
SO28
AT83C24
Datasheet
Change Log
Changes from
4234A-05/03 to
4234B-02/04
1. Addition of CRST, CIO, CCLK controllers descriptions, page 10.
2. Update of Hardware\Software activation description, page 14.
3. Suppression of low voltage regulator mode for power down modes, page 18.
4. Modification of clock values in CONFIG2 regsiter, page 22.
5. Addition of a point on QFN pinout view, page2.
6. Update of electrical characteristics, page 28.
Changes from
4234B-02/04 to
4234C - 04/04
1. Addition of references in ordering information
Changes from
4234C-04/04 to
4234D - 07/04
1. Update for Rev 4 silicon version (index 4 on component).
2. Update of EVCC description
3. Update of CARDDET bit and INSERT bit description
2. Software workaround for A2 or A2/2 selection in CKS register.
3. Max speed on IO/CIO transfer
4. New conditions for hardware activation (see IT_SEL).
5. SO28 drawing package (error with SO32).
6. Adjusted electrical parameters for NDS compliance, pages 28, 29, 30.
Changes from
4234D-04/04 to
4234E - 09/04
1. QFN28 new package drawing.
Changes from
4234E - 09/04 to
4234F - 10/05
1. Updated green product ordering information.
2. Clock input parameters for AT83C24 and AT83C24NDS.
41
4234F–SCR–10/05
Atmel Corporation
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131, USA
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311
Fax: 1(408) 487-2600
Regional Headquarters
Europe
Atmel Sarl
Route des Arsenaux 41
Case Postale 80
CH-1705 Fribourg
Switzerland
Tel: (41) 26-426-5555
Fax: (41) 26-426-5500
Asia
Room 1219
Chinachem Golden Plaza
77 Mody Road Tsimshatsui
East Kowloon
Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2721-9778
Fax: (852) 2722-1369
Japan
9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg.
1-24-8 Shinkawa
Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033
Japan
Tel: (81) 3-3523-3551
Fax: (81) 3-3523-7581
Atmel Operations
Memory
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131, USA
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311
Fax: 1(408) 436-4314
RF/Automotive
Theresienstrasse 2
Postfach 3535
74025 Heilbronn, Germany
Tel: (49) 71-31-67-0
Fax: (49) 71-31-67-2340
Microcontrollers
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131, USA
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311
Fax: 1(408) 436-4314
La Chantrerie
BP 70602
44306 Nantes Cedex 3, France
Tel: (33) 2-40-18-18-18
Fax: (33) 2-40-18-19-60
ASIC/ASSP/Smart Cards
1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. Blvd.
Colorado Springs, CO 80906, USA
Tel: 1(719) 576-3300
Fax: 1(719) 540-1759
Biometrics/Imaging/Hi-Rel MPU/
High Speed Converters/RF Datacom
Avenue de Rochepleine
BP 123
38521 Saint-Egreve Cedex, France
Tel: (33) 4-76-58-30-00
Fax: (33) 4-76-58-34-80
Zone Industrielle
13106 Rousset Cedex, France
Tel: (33) 4-42-53-60-00
Fax: (33) 4-42-53-60-01
1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. Blvd.
Colorado Springs, CO 80906, USA
Tel: 1(719) 576-3300
Fax: 1(719) 540-1759
Scottish Enterprise Technology Park
Maxwell Building
East Kilbride G75 0QR, Scotland
Tel: (44) 1355-803-000
Fax: (44) 1355-242-743
Literature Requests
www.atmel.com/literature
Disclaimer: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,to anyintellectualproperty right is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of Atmel products. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN ATMEL’S TERMS AND CONDI-TIONS OF
SALE LOCATED ON ATMEL’S WEB SITE, ATMEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORYWARRANTY RELATING TO ITS PRODUCTS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULARPURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL
OR INCIDEN-TAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF INFORMATION) ARISING OUTOF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF ATMEL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Atmel makes norepresentationsor warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and reserves the right to make
changes to specificationsand product descriptions at any time without notice. Atmel does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein.
Unless specifically provided otherwise, Atmel products are not suitable for, and shall not be used in, automotive applications. Atmel’s products are not intended,
authorized, or warranted for useas components in applications intended to support or sustainlife.
© Atmel Corporation 2005. All rights reserved. Atmel ®, logo and combinations thereof, are registered trademarks, and Everywhere You Are SM
are the trademarks of Atmel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others.
Printed on recycled paper.
4234F–SCR–10/05